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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Jan. 12, 1910)
THE 3IOKXIXG OREGOXIAN, WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 12, 1D10. TOimaXD, OKEGON. . Entered at Portland, Oregon. Poatofflce as 8eoond-01aa Matter. - BsdMcriptlon Katmi Invmria&lj In Advance. (By Mall.) -DaJly, Punday Included, one year. .... .$8.00 Ia!ly. Sunday Included, six months.... 4.25 I Xally. Sunday Included, three months... 2.25 Daily, Sunday included, one month..... .75 Dally, without Sunday, one year Dally, without Sunday, elx months 8.25 ! Dally, without Sunday, three months... 1.75 j Dally, without Sunday, one month..... .60 , Tveekly, one year 1.50 'Sunday, one year 2.50 t JSimday and weekly, one year.......... 3.50 (By Carrier.) Dally, Snnday Included, one year.. 9.O0 Daily, Sunday Included, one month 75 a How to ftomlt Send PoatofTlce money f order, express order or personal check on your local bank. Stamps, coin or currency , are at the sender's risk. Give postofflce ad dress Jn full. Including county and state. Postag-e Kates 10 to 14 paxes, 1 cent: 16 to 28 pages, 2 cents; 30 to 40 pares, 3 cents; 40 to 60 pages, 4 cents. Korelgn postage double rate. Eastern Boftlns Office The S- C Beck wlth Special Agency New York, rooms 48 V Tribune building. Chicago, rooms 510-512 Trubune building. fOKTLAND, WEDNESDAY, JAN. 13, 1910. TOB WHAT REASON A1 FOB WHY?" "Conservation" on the Plnchot plan means, in effect, that there is to be no further practical use or development of the natural resources of the West ern country. The policy of the United States will he to sit tight and heavy on the "natural resources." There Is to be no more sale of timber, of mines, of "water powers; but a bureaucratic superintendence Is to be established, under which such trees may be cut, or euch minerals lifted, or such water powers used as "the department" may allow on payment of estimated val ues. An immense army of officials is to be supported by the scheme, eating up all the proceeds of forests and mines and waters. Xn scheme more complete or effective ' for using the public resources for support of an Im mense officialdom could be devised. Cheap- land, sale -and use of -lands containing or covering the great re sources of the country, have given the country Its immense development. Tha policy has increased our population bs tens of millions, and our wealth bj thousands of millions. It seems nort that this was wrong. The country was better In the savage state. Why have we so disturbed the order of nature? The timber that was growing on the site of Portland what a re source it would be had it been con served! And the water power of Willamette and Clackamas if there were no towns and cities to use it! It " nvould be a great national resource, in deed! Do men know what they are talk ing about? Have they any conception of what they are talking about? Nay, i verily they are theorizers and sophis . ters, in love with the pictures pre sented in their own dreams. They never have been "up against" con ditions presented in a new country, abounding in natural resources; which. ; however, are good for nothing until brought Into use by the mind and hand and energy of man. They are theo rists, not only, but bureaucrats, sub jects of officialdom, or aspiring to be its kings. Already they are absorbing the natural resources of the country : at the rate of millions of dollars a i year in salaries and In time will ab sorb them all. The appetite of "con servation" grows by what it feeds on; ; and cost of administration of the Pin ' chot system would presently devour the carcase, flesh and fell. Did not the country have some ; prosperity before these modern : 'bureaucratic conservators appeared, to change its policy and to introduce these thousands of new office-holders to prey on its resources, to stop its Industrial development, to arrest the growth of its towns and cities and to prohibit the use of its timber and minerals and stones and ores and water powers? Yet the regulations and charges that would be prescribed at Washington would be virtually pro hibitive in the new country. In the older states, where the ancient policy has always been in operation, they avould not apply; for private owner ehip, necessary to development, there has always been in force. The lands end minerals and water powers of the new states belong only nominally to the United States. The equitable title is in the several states: and the Just right of the United States extends no further than treatment of these lands in the new states on the basis or policy no long pursued in the older ones. He is a traitor to Oregon, he is a traitor to Washington, to Idaho, to every new state, who desires discon tinuance of the old policy, withdrawal of opportunity here opportunity that the older states have always possessed with payment of extraordinary trib- ute to the General Government for use of the resources of the country use that other states have had wlth- . out limitation and "by use of which v they have grown to greatness in wealth, in population and in pros- perlty. l'KKSISTEXCK OF TYPHOID. Something seems to be wrong in 5 the diagnosis o the conditions pre- vailing at Willamette, a village of a few hundred inhabitants, on the west - bank of the river a few miles south of Oregon City. Typhoid fever broke out in the settlement soon after the November freshet and has literally run riot there ever since. Consensus of expert opinion was that the spring "- from which the water supply is drawn had become contaminated by overflow from the swollen river. Samples of r- water were submitted to trie proper . health authorities and were found to contain colon bacillus. Corrective measures were at once applied and the people wre warned to boil drinking water until fur . ther notice. Still the disease con . tlnued to spread and again the water both of the Oregon City and JWil ' lamette supply has been analyzed, with the result that no germs were found in the samples. The puzzled sanitarians of the city and state health boards who have bten called to consider the matter announce, after nearly two months' close observation, that, as yet, no explanation can be offered as to the real cause of the appearance and per sistence of typhoid in the community. Science has discovered the germs of typhoid and other deadly diseases, conditions under which they multiply have been declared and the manner in which they gain entrance into the human body has been made known. Yet. here is a community situated in a healthful location, with ideal con ditions for drainage, and with a water supply of great and moving volume. from a spring, the source of which is hidden away in the depths of the hills, that haa for weeks been iwrostllnaT with. typhoid fever. Medicos, sanitarians, bacteriologists and other savants of health boards, have taken note of the situation, studied carefully the con ditions and acknowledge ruefully that no explanation can be offered as to- the real source of the disease, and the cause of, its persistence. . The con ditions are as .distressing as they are baffling. They suggest, above all, things, the value of prudence and vig ilance In keeping what is known as filth diseases from obtaining lodgment. EASILY KXrI.Al F.l). There can be little use to grum ble about the high cost of living, as certainly there can be no doubt about the main causes of it namely, the general extravagance and the disin clination of increasing numbers to pur sue productive Industry. Secretary James Wilson, of the Department of Agriculture, said recently: Too many people are engaged In the busi ness of distribution. What we need is more farming. Too many persons are rushing to town and city and trying to make a living there, ajid not enough are staying in the country. Too many are trying to get along without work and not enough of them are In the business of producing something. One man could do the business of distribution where 20 are now engaged in It. That is the reason why the cost of living Is high and the people are complaining. True, absolutely true. Yet not the whole truth. For, besides these reasons, there is general extravagance and luxurious living. The house fur nishings of former times will not do now. Nor the table ware, nor the kitchen supply, nor the flress or cloth ing. Most people don't buy as care fully as formerly. They order by tel ephone, and the telephone Itself is an additional cost. Then social expenses of all kinds and musical instruments and music lessons, 'and tailor-made suits and gowns. Travel, too, is a big item for every family in the run of the year, and cost of amusements. The list Is endless. Add to the extravagance on the one side the disinclination, to work at productive industry on the others the positive and growing dislike of farm and farm work and the prac tical impossibility of hiring farm labor since men prefer to work in railroad and logging camps and about the streets of the city1 and you have reasons enough for full explanation why the cost of living is higher than in former times. PANAMA PACIFIC EXPOSITION. Enterprising residents of a number of California cities are engaged in a somewhat heated controversy over the best location for the propesed Pan ama-Pacific Exposition. With a view to peaceful settlement of the problem, a conference will be held in Los Ang eles this week. With the Lewis and Clark Exposition, held at Portland, and the Alaska-Yukon Exposition at Seattle, California is naturally enti tled to precedence in claiming dates for a great celebration in honor of completion" of the canal. For this reason our California neighbors will have the unqualified support of Ore gon and Washington. Completion of the canal means more to Portland and Puget Sound cities than it can ever mean to Cali fornia, as it will open a highway by which the practically unlimited sup ply of timber of these two states can reach the world's markets. This com modity will supply a greater freight tonnage for the steamers that come into the North Pacific than can be se cured from any other source, and the assurance of return cargoes of lumber will enable them to make very low rates on inbound freight. California will, of course, supply a large tonnage of fruit and agricultural products, but this traffic is small in volume when compared with the immense lumber business that will follow the opening of thi3 short and economical trade route. It is a matter of indifference to most of the people of Oregon and Wash ington which of the California cities is selected for the honor of holding the Panama-Pacific Exposition, but we are naturally desirous that the lo cation should be agreed upon and the "family row" now on in California peacefully settled at the earliest pos sible moment. The Panama-Pacific Exposition will draw visitors to the coast from all parts of the world and no internal dissensions should mar the pleasure of their visit.. REMODELING THE WOULD. Twentieth-century genius, with prac tically unlimited capital at its com mand, is remodeling the physical structure of the world. It is opening up new trade routes and closing old ones wherever ships and trains are moving. , The modern engineer may not have the "faith that moves moun tains," but he has the men, the money and the dynamite th; blows commer cial highways through them. ' One of the greatest of these modern under takings in th Southern hemisphere is the building of a tunnel through the Andes Mountains, connecting Chili and Argentina. The east and west forces on this great work met in the heart of the mountain, a few weeks ago. One of the early events of 1910 will be the running of trains between Val paraiso and Buenos Ayres, the two great ports of South America. The building of this line, follow ing so closely construction of the Te huantepec Railway and to be followed in the near future by completion of the Panama Canal, cannot fail to have a most important bearing on the trade relations of the two countries and also upon the world's trade. These new highways between the two great oceans will have dimmed, indeed, de stroyed, the prestige of the round-the-Horn route, which has been one of the world's great highways- since Drake, Magellan and others of the old freebooting days sailed into the Pacific in search of plunder or glory. or both. The opening of this trans Andean route will, ' among other things, mark the doom of the sailing ship in one of the few remaining trades in which it has thus far man aged to. make, a fairly good fight against the encroachments of the tramp steamer. By the new route It will be pos sible to ship that vast tonnage of nitrate, which is Chili's most import ant export commodity, by rail to Buenos Ayres and thence, by steamer, to Europe, at a great saving of time and expense over the present sailing ship route. While Valparaiso and other Chilean ports may lose some prestige by the new road diverting ex port business to Buenos Ayres, com pletion of the Panama Canal may more than offset this losa by bringing the w est coast port so near to Ameri can ports in the North Atlantic that a fine business may be developed with Valparaiso, a' -distribuUne center for business entering and leaving the Ar gentine on the west by way of the trans-Andean railroad. European shipping will also find it most advan tageous to use the Panama Canal in handling the Chilean trade. The extent to which the United States will figure in this trade will depend largely on our ability to meet competition of the foreigners. If we can sell goods at as low prices as are made by the foreigners, we will in crease our trade. If we cannot, the trans-Andean tunnel, the Panama Canal and all other remodeling of na ture's work will be of small avail as an American commercial asset. UNIFORMS FOR SCHOOL CHILDREN. May Arkwright-Hutton, of Spokane, President of the Washington Political Equality League, strongly advocates a uniform costume for children of the public schools, as a measure to quell the envy and strife between pupils of these schools in the matter of dress. Thar is to say, the state should step in and, by arbitrary .enactment, com pel parents to dress their children in the simple garments that are becom ing to their age and their station in life as beneficiaries of the public school system. . In support of this plan, Mrs. Hutton cites a mother in Spokane, whose hus band earns $5 a day and who is com pelled to sit up far into the night sew ing for her children in order that they "may look ae well in their school clothes" as do the children of her pre sumably wealthy neighbors. With all due respect for Mrs. Hut ton, it may be insisted that she is tak ing this matter too seriously. Without knowing who this overworked mother is that depi-ives herself of needed rest and sleep that her girls may ape in their appearance the girls of wealthy parents, It may be freely asserted that she is a foolish woman and an unwise mother.' AVhy should she not teach her girls the simple lessons of loyalty to their father and consideration, for their mother? To adapt themselves to the conditions of their home life and circumstances as ordered by the earning capacity of their father and the administration of household econ omies by their mother to meet these conditions? Mrs. Hutton tells us further that children will not go to school now un less they are dressed as well as their mates. Will not go to school, indeed! Why not settle this question once and for all by dressing them suitably and in accordance with the circumstances of the family and sending them to school? There la no better 'or surer way than this to teach- them to re spect, honor and obey their parents and to cultivate the virtues of self 'respect and personal independence that are the basis of American citizen ship. RESPECT FOR SCIENCE. In his address to the Economic As sociation, President Lowell, of Har vard, regretted that our American statesmen do not "turn to professors of political science" for advice. The New York Times, commenting on his remark, translates it into a wall over the fact that neither Roosevelt nor Taft permitted the railroad magnates to dictate their recommendations con cerning Interstate commerce. We do not think this was what President Lowell meant. Railroad presidents and practitioners of high finance are not "professors of political science." Their advice would seldom be wise and never disinterested. The proba bility Is that counsellors of this sort have been listened to at the Capitol fully as much as the welfare of the country permits. The President may not heed them, but there are those who do. What Dr. Lowell had in mind was our National inattention to the dem onstrated results of scientific investi gation. This is displayed in all its crude barbarism, not toward political science alone, but toward all the sciences equally, and it accounts for many of those halting and Ineffectual efforts which we make to accomplish results that are obtained in Germany almost as a matter of course. Ger many and Japan seem to be the only Nations in the world which take science seriously and systematically, apply its results in manufacture, in dustry an-d statesmanship. This may account for their unrivalled progress. Germany has caught up with her ancient competltiors in .almost every field ' and surpassed them. . Japan is doing the same thing. Both these nations foster and esteem science in a way which is seen nowhere else. The leading German scholars enjoy a social prestige which Americans accord to none but successful lawyers and poli ticians; The consequence is that Ger many stands at the head of modern civilization. SHRINKING WHEAT SUPPLY. The American visible supply of wheat reported on Monday was 27,07T,000 bushels, the smallest. total recorded" in a corresponding date in the past twenty years. The nearest approach to this figure at this season of the year was in 1899, the year following the spectacular Lelter deal, when the figures were 27,358,000 bushels. Even the figures of 1899 showed an increase of 465,000 bushels over the preceding week, while those reported Monday were 659,000 bushels less than for the preceding week. It is in the Ameri can visible supply, figures that the re markable change in the wheat trade is most strikingly shown. Fifteen years ago the visible supply on Jan uary 8 was 86,617,000 bushels, an in crease of 1.271,000 bushels. This enormous supply was on hand after the American people had been consuming and shipping wheat for nearly six months, and it had been accumulated from a crop of 466,000, 000 bushels and the carry-over of a preceding' crop of even smaller pro portions. Not all of this enormous shrinkage in the American visible sup ply can be traced to the increased con sumption that has been steadily gain ing on the production of the cereal, for it is undoubtedly true that, 4n pro portion to the size of the crop the "in visible supply" at the present time is near the largest on record. This is due to the prosperity of the farmers and the increasing . strength of their organizations, which have become thoroughly imbued with the "hold-your-wheat" idea. Whether this pol icy of holding will yield greater profits than it has already placed to the credit of the farmers, is a matter that will be largely settled by the growers of other nations. If the Argentine and Australia sell new-crop wheat in sufficient quantities to keep the foreign demand supplied until India is again a free seller,- we may drift over into the new American season without any pronounced scar city of supplies in the foreign market. Then, if Russia should come to the front with another crop of the size of that which, for the past four months, has been dumped on tha market in record-breaking quantities, it might become necessary to consume all of our wheat at home in order to maintain present prices. A dissolution of the Harrtman mer ger of railroads is reported to be un der consideration by the New York Interests in control of the Harriman lines. Economy of operation, and in some cases elimination of compe tition, 'were the principal reasons or the merging of the Southern Pacific, Union Pacific and other Harriman properties. While the lines for the greater part of the distance across the continent were physically unable to enter Into such close competition as would be possible on many EasternJ lines which escaped Government at tention, under, separate ownership they might have presented advantage to their patrons. It is not clear, how ever, that a dlssolutlqn of the mer ger, will change the service or rates. unless there is a change in the owners of the stock. An individual who owns both Union Pacific and Southern Pa cific stock, and there sire many such will hardly sanction any hilarious com petition between the two roads. Just where the public will profit by the change is indistinct. "A large percentage of them are non-residents, many of them are for eigners, and no small percentage abso lutely illiterate," is the statement of Governor Hay, of Washington, regard ing the Industrial Workers of the World, who have been conducting a laiw-breaking campaign at Spokane. This description would, undoubtedly, fit an overwhelming proportion of the alleged "citizens" who clutter up street corners and rail against the Govern ment and the efforts of hard-working, respectable people to maintain a sys tem of law and order. Perhaps the weakest point In the armor of these "workers" of the rest of the world is the fact that the shortcomings of the American form of government have never proved so unattractive that this foreign trash is willing to abandon us to our fate and return to the land from whence they came. Great concern among the Demo cratic politicians and newspapers of Oregon about the course of the Re publicans of the state whether they are to hold assembly-conventions, or not. Probably the Republicans of the state will do as they think best, with out consulting the Democratic poli ticians and newspapers. These, more over, may probably find it as well in the long run to mind their own busi ness, since they are likely to have troubles of their own. A Portland firm, though lowest bid der for delivery of 2,140,000 feet of lumber to be delivered at Manila, couldn't get the contract. There was an opposite "pull." Portland has two Senators at Washington; but all their efforts are devoted to Statement One and the rights of the people. No time to attend to the vulgar details of com merce and business; and no influence, if they had time. Farmers of California, especially those growing fruits and vegetables, oppose exclusion of Japanese. The reason is that Japanese are speciallj fit for the work to be performed, while our people are little content with rural employments and can ob tain better wages in other lines thaa fruitgrowers and market-gardeners can afford to pay. A good many illicit elopements oc cur these days, and lovesick weaklings are lured into forbidden paths "So-, ciety" seems not to have removed enough temptations. The first "affair" was in the Garden of Eden. Americans touring Europe, who ob ject to the time-honored charge of two bits for a cocktail, are in the "cheap skate" class. There should be no limit to patriotism when abroad. The system of allowing twelve men to try a servant of the people for fraud will probably be abolished when the people come fully. Into their own. All the people will then Judge. Prophets who predicted a cold Win ter are saying "I told you so," but they are probably the same persons whose predictions in other seasons didn't "make good." We think our own John Barrett could have handled the Nicaraguan problem in a way that would have en hanced the dignity and glory of all parties concerned. "If the differences between San Fran cisco and ' San Diego over the Panama-Pacific Exposition are Irreconcil able, why not compromise on Los An geles? Secretary Knox, jubilant over "reg ulating" Nicaragua, would try his hand on Manchuria. But the little brown man will stand for no philandering. Price of logs is very high, but per sons who complain could produce them on the farm just as cheaply as ever if they knew how. Miss de Jan on avers that she per suaded the waiter Cohen to run away with her. These be parlous times No man is safe. . Mr. Pinchot, with his inherited gains, has turned reformer. But he doesn't restore the "people's wealth" to the people. Portland will probably never ltnow how much wickedness there really ex ists in the city until Gypsy Smith re veals it. Something like $840,000 is' due the Colville Indians. A great many auto mobiles can be bought for that sum. Wherever there is loot, there will be looters. So there is another scan dal in the Indian Service. None of our fussing about the weather this Winter has made any difference. ' Once King Cotton, later King Corn, and now the Nation bows to King Hog. Why doesn't Gypsy Smith tackle some genuinely wicked city? Again a judge rules that directors must direct. . , JASOX LKF, FATHER OF" ORBGOH Hla Claim mm Such Contrasted -With msl of Dr. MoLousrhlin. PORTT.AVTl lan 11 ITn K X" .1 1 tor.) A recent editorial in The Ore- contains tnese words: "I . T 1 . T , , i , - 1 - v. 1 1 ii jucijuuKnnn was a, ptctur- f 51 fl 11 flrnra 4n . V. .. I. i ... ...... A Oregon, and next to Jason Lee he was t.n ihubi important, iactor in its anairs up .u hij. z is true, very llKeiy, tnat th bet " "vim i' l ii. ini;uu ug u liu tter SnnrM-lAlnH lHnv tlian . v, , Jason Lee. In all fairness. the latter deserves to be called the father of O regon- as well as the former, and pe ThaDS 1T f t (i T- llu ran. fl.ctftnt. M cLoughlin's suave accomplishments. b xim.u otner qualities equally ad- rable in themselVfa flnri mnri n eo m ful 1 in foundinsr n. rnmmnnwonlrh ' Oregon history is being rapidly re- pvpH anrf -.,.-1 I j . . ; i vl - - - u i w , (i-i i ii ui Liiiiuviei y every man will come to his own. Dr. T..r ,.,..i.ii it.. . .. . .luu u,,i, ,,i, cniei iactor ior tne riua- son's Bay Company, autocrat in a vast ... i 1 . , , ... ii-jni ncao uuuiain, towers majestic and icturesque. Large or Heart and kind r spirit, he charmed all who came ithtn his Influence. No brighter page lumlnates our hin TrtTV than " 1 told tales of the pioneer emigrant, re ceived with unbounded hospitality and - itj-iiiiiiips "ii i.is way to maxe a new home and bless the hand that lent Aim MU. Dr. McLoughlin ruled wisely and lUStlV hlS O-T-HM , .1 11 m .1 i J 1 . J with fidelity for the highest good of the Hudson's Bay Company, sought to uphold its supremacy and extend its 1 71 f 1 1 1 Ptl I- o nn1 . . i . i'- k'1 cm-i h in & sure of nature the wild hunting grounds of the Old Oresron entm-wv Ti.t. duty. But had the Pacific empire fallen tO the lot Of rroat- T3-lta;n a i . i policy of the Hudson's Bay Company ,, It l-"3 wuaerness -Where rolls the Oregon," then without doubt would Dr. lvroTiTo-kii- i m-, r, ...i 1. ui; me latner or Oregon. But in a commonwealth whose institutions bear no Impress of his hand, whether they be civil, po litical, uncial TmH.ln... ..' . his paternal providence does not an. In the kindness of his heart Dr. Mc Loughlin relieved individual Instances or distress, and thereby incurred the enmity of his countrymen. That was his misfortune. Perhaps it is the com mon meed of men who serve their fellows .in a large way. In the struggle for Oregon. Dr. Mc Loughlin DUSheii th ir,,,,, company and of Great Britain with 8UCD Aii(iroo ,, ... - competitors historian exclaims of the last Jh0n t,he Sround: "So Nathaniel J- Weth sold to the Hudson's Bay Company for what it was willing to give and- left count , deffatx2 ana then 1mmAi4io fsi - j , f," h left' an important man re- man was Jason Lee, the missionary." JaSOn 7 flnrl 1. 1 1, 11 1 remained to - continue VrTe contest" and qtVr. claims of the United . Hh Waa regarded a special sense as the non-commissioned repre ?Tn L tf t.he Government of the United States." Before embarking on his missionary enterprise he had ob tained the indorsements of the Presi dent of the United States, the Secre wry ' state and the Secretary of war. These passports were necessary to shield him from interference un der the terms of the treaty of "Joint occupation." After four years' residence in the country no man was so well qualified--to represent the interests of Oregon as Jason Lee. In 1838 he car ried a memorial to Washington, r C which was the first appeal for protec tion over Oregon and aid In its coloni zation. His correspondence with Hon. Caleb Cushlng, of Massachusetts, brought Couch in 1840 to Oregon with the first cargo of goods for trade. On arriving at Peoria, 111., from his overland Journey in 1838, Jason Lee en tered UTlOn a CAmnnlo-n In hAh-1 Oregon which occupied nearly a year. which lie leciurea in all the prin cipal cities of the United States and corresponded with all the prominent publications of the day. Prom Peoria, 111., he sent the first emigrants over the plains to Oregon. By his personal efforts the ship Lausanne was char tered to bring his colony around Cape Horn. In aid of this expedition the President contributed from the Secret Service fund a sum more than twice that appropriated for the Lewis and Clark explorations. On his return to Oregon, Jason Lee presided over the first assemblage for action looking toward a civil govern ment for Oregon. In 1840 he com menced the erection of grist and saw mills and several dwellings at his new station, thus becoming the founder of Salem, the capital of Oregon. January 17, 1842, he called a meeting to con vene at his own house to prepare the way for the speedy establishmnt of a literary institution which should meet the wants of the growing community. The-result was the Oregon Institute, and It developed into Willamette Uni versity. It appears, then, that Jason Lee in augurated the era of settlement in the old Oregon Country, 1834; carried first memorial to Congress, 1838; started first emigrants to Oregon, 1839; brought the largest colony in the Lausanne, 1839; founded the City of Salem, 1840; led the movement to establish civil government, 1842. With such a record, neither spectacu lar nor sensational, Jason Lee should be better appreciated, and his worlc should receive some kind of recogni tion by the State of Oregon. In an especial sense, he is the "Father of Oregon." A PIONEER. TTp-to-Date Bnrglsrr. Burglars broke into a Philadelphia residence. The sleeping family remained uncon scious of their presence. Nobody knew how long the marau ders remained In the room below. There was much silverware lying on the massive sideboard. 'There were bowls and pitchers and platters and countless spoons and It was all the real stuff. Did the burglars take "the silver? Did they make a huge package of the precious material and slip away with it over the back fence? No, they did not. They took the fragments of a cold turkey, and the remains of a boiled ham, and a-vdish of baked beans, and a box of biscuits, and a chunk of do mestic cheese ''and a can of olives. ' They knew what they wanted. They were familiar with market quo tations. , They took the real stuff of the stuf fiest kind. Moral: Never mind the silver lock up the food. A Little Chapter on Esgs. Indianapolis News. The eggs and poultry produced on American farms in 1909 reached a value of $625,000,000. Half of this value was in eggs. The farmer has received from 18 to 26 cents a dozen for eggs, and the consumer has paid from 30 to 36 cents a dozen. One billion, five hun dred million dozen eggs, or 18,000,000, 000 eggs, are to be credited to the hen since last New Year's day. A Wire Worked to the Limit. -. Philadelphia Record. A feature of a new German system of telephotog.-aphy is that the wire used to transmit a picture may be used for tele phoning at the same time. Machines , to 'Mother" Books. Baltimore (News. Several French schools are using ma chines which will suck dust from the leaves of books, spray them with disin fectant and dry them with hot air. PAITi, A SOUTH AM KHIC AX PORT Major Svstra Writes About m Harbor Where He Formerly Lived. PORTLAND, Jan. 11. (To the Editor.) The Oregon! an of last Sunday contained the statement, probably on the authority of the captain of the vessel about sailing for Falta that "the port is a new one and has never been visited but once hy a vssel flying anything but the Peruvian flag." The truth is that Paita Is tho oldest and one of the most important ports of the South Pacific Coast. It is true that Pizarro did enter Peru th first time by Tumbez, a point farther north, but once In the country. . and learning Its highways, he used the port of Paita. Only Callao and Valparaiso on that coast excel in amount of commerce the port of the rich department of Plura. In 1873 I located the railroad line from the port 60 miles into the interior. The line crosses the desert from Paita to tha rich valley of the Rio Chira. in which it continues for 20 miles and leaving that beautifully fertile zone recrosses the same desert- to the valley of the Rio Piura. The wealth of the region is beyond com parison, in excess of any equal area of the earth's surface I have ever visited. Thence come the Panama hats, so-called because they were made for the Panama market, whence they were shipped to Cuba- From that department comes that wonderful cotton, which grows In 13 colors from white, through grays and pink to a dark red brown; a cotton not marketed till our Civil War forced Eng lish manufacturers to look all over the world -for more cotton or its substitute, and which was first known as vegetable wool; but now sold at a hisrher price than the famous Egyptian cotton and used both in England and the United States for the adulteration of woolen goods. In that department, too, grows the famous cocoa, exported in bales from which comes the drug cocaine. , I lived four years in the department, engaged in irrigation studies and as in pector of public works for the govern ment, and spent a good deal of my time In the port," where 1 had a beach house and several American families for neigh bora There never was a day that the harbor was without a foreign vessel. Tho English line of the coast has its ships in the port at least four times a week, the Chilean twice and the American lino of Grace from New York twice all these In addition to sailing vessels visiting the petroleum fields, near at hand, .and call ing at Paita for their supplies. ALFRED F. SEARS, C. E AMKH.ICA2V EXPOSITION IX BERLIN It Will Be Opened May 1 Chance for Oregon Exhibits. ASTORIA,' Or., Jan. ll. (To the Editor.) An event of considerable commercial importance. In which Ore gon may be interested, is the first American exposition ever held in a foreign country, which commences in Berlin, Germany, May . 1. George Kaboth, of this city, is the accredited representative of Clatsop County, by appointment of the Chamber of Com merce, and will leave in March for Berlin. He will take, or have sent to him, a small exhibition of the resources of this county, and Is anxious that every county in the state be represent ed, if only in the way of descriptive literature, and would be pleased to have products of various sections ex hibited. There has been little said in the newspaper press of the West concern ing this exhibition, and few people are aware of its being held. It is pos sible that a little publicity given through The Oregonian might develop interest and result in various sections desiring to be represented. Several of the prominent citizens of the Bast are interesting themselves in the matter and something to show that Oregon is an integral part of this great com monwealth might result . advantage ously in the future development of this section of the country. C. J. CURTIS. Ready-Made Correspondence. r Westminster Gazette. Recognizing that this is an age of hurry and hustle, a Frenchman has just put on the market a new postcard, in tended for correspondents who have not too much time to spare for letter writing. The back of the card contains 4s stock sentences, and all that the purchaser has to do is to put a cross against those which are appropriate to the occa sion. Specimen sentences read: First Just arrived. Second Send me some money. Third This is a good hotel. . Fourth This is a toad hotel. Fifth Shall stop a week. Sixth Shall come back by next train. Seventh 'Fine weather. Ei gh th Rotte n wea th e r. iNinth Very dull here. In fact, with this code and a supply of stamps one can be quite chatty with the minimum amount of pen labor. Deduction Extraordinary. Modern Society. Like a bloodhound updn the scent, Sher lock Holmes, in a long dressing-gown and smoking a hookah stuffed with nox ious opium, bent down and examined the road. Two dead cows lay across his path. Fifty dead d ucks and chickens e tre wed the thoroughfare. Heavy wheel-tracks showed themselves in the dust. A strong atmosphere of petrol pervaded everything. Sherlock Holmes sprang up with a wild whoop of triumph. "Surely," exclaimed Watson, "you can have made no discovery from this?' "My dear Watson,'1 6aid the detective, impressively, "there has been a motor car on this high road." Watson gasped. "My dear Holmes,' he murmured, "you are a wonder!" Look Out i Square-Toed Shoes Next. St. Louis, Mo., Dispatch. Look out next season for the square topped toe in shoes. According to a sales man for a St. Louis firm which makes lasts, something entirely new is to ap pear. During recent seasons the toes of men's shoos have had a sort of upward bulge, gtving a full appearance. Lasts are now being made for a square toe which will resemble the end of a box, with the corners well defined. "It's a freak shoe," the traveling man said, Mbut manufacturers are going to try it out and it may take. ' Tan shoes will be entirely tabooed next Summer and patent leathers will not be urged. The correct shoe will be of gun- metal. Colorado Springs Garden of the Gods. Denver, Colo., Dispatch. The famed "Garden of the Gods,' by gift of the late Charles E. Perkins. has become the property of Colorado Springs. It comprises 480 acres, and is valued at $200,000. Other Varieties. Naghville Tennessean. The Woman with the Serpent's Tongue," Too briefly thus the poet sung: Inadequately it must be "With suoli a broad variety. For I, a lesser poet, might Add to this tip, by day and night, "The "Woman with the Puff and Rat" "The "Woman with the Bushel Hat."' "Tha "Woman In the Crowded. 'Car" Who makes us stand, though riding far; "The "Woman with the Voice of Scorn" When- we bump in at early morn. "The Woman with tho Hipless H!p" All corset-covered, tip to tip; "The Woman with the New Receipt" Which some poor luckless dub must eat. "The Woman with the Appetite," Whom after show we feed at night; "The Woman with the Rosebud paint" Although we know the natural ain't. If we were much Inclined to knock. Or strong enough to stand the shock. We'd, add, while Watson one type sings, "Tha Womai with a Iot of Things." LIFE'S SUNNY SIDE Mark Twain once approached a friend, a business man. and confided the fact that gems of thought were forming in his brain with such rapidity that they -were even beginning to sparkle in his eyes, and that he needed the assistance of a stenographer. I can send you one, a fine young fel low," the friend said. "He came to my office yesterday in search of a position, but I didn't have an opening. I am sure you will find him all right?" "Has he a sense of humor?" Mark asked cautiously. "Oh, I am sure he has in fact, he prot off one or two pretty witty things him self yesterday,' the friend hastened to assure him. "Sorry, but he won't do then." the writer said, with a disappointed shake of his head. "Why er why not?" was the surprised query. The would-be employer assumed a con fidential air. "I'll tell you," he said. "You see, I had- one once before with a snse. of humor, and it interfered too rmieh with the work. I can't afford to pay a man $2 for laughing." New York Times. In view of the almost universal com plaint as to the United States customs service, by returning Americans, it may be well to ask our citizens to justify their reputation for standing for principles by imitating the example of Mr. Labouehere in dealing with such annoying experi ences. "Labby" was held up by the German- customs service and all his belong ings pitched out of his trunk. "Put those things back," said he to the German customs officers who had emp tied his trunk. "That is your affair they answered. "I stay here until you do," he replied, "but give mo a telegraph blank." On it Mr.. labouehere wrote: "Tha Prince Bismarck, Berlin: Regret cannot breakfast with your highness tomorrow, retained here indefinitely." Quick as a flash the German officers packed his trunk and Labouehere "went on his way rejoicing," and with "no thought of tha morrow." London Telegraph. Senator Robert Love Taylor, of Ten nessee, while Governor of that state, at tended a banquet which extended far into the night, .and when he went to his home ho attempted to gain his room without awakening his wife. He was un successful in this, however, and she called out through the darkness "What time is it?" "Just 10. my dear." he answered. At that moment the clock sounded two strokes. "Did you hear that? It's 2 o'clock," said his wife. "But, my dear, are you going to take the word of a nickel-plated clock against that of the Governor of Tennessee?'.' National Monthly. Farmer Brown and Farmer Jones wer near neighbors, and many a dispute took place as to who was the earlier riser. Both maintained that each excelled the other. One day Farmer Brown determined to put the subject to the test. Rising very early one morning, about 2 o'clock, he proceeded to visit his friend. Great was his astonishment when he saw Mrs. Jones hanging out the clothes in the garden. "Farmer Jones about?" he asked. "Well," replied the lady, "he was the first part of the morninV but I dunno A where he be now. ASIMNK QUESTIONS ASIvKD AT SEA Xlne Inquiries to be Answered by. th Skipper Every Voyage. Westminster Gazette. The captain of one of the American liners "has been relating the troubles oi his responsibile position. The chief among these seems to be that he Is continually having unnecessary inquiries put him by anxious passengers. There fere nin-3 questions, he says, that are invariably asked him on each voyage as soon as the ship leaves port. The nine matters on which information Is demanded are ag follows: "Have yoii ever been shipwrecked?" "Are there any whales in this latitude?" What tips should one give, and to whom?" "How many times have you crossed the Atlantic?" "What is the best cur for seasickness?" "Why are they always painting the ship?" "Will you let me come up on the bridge one-.day?" "Da you remember my cousin who crossed over with you in '06?" "I suppose the p?s sengers ask you a great many silly questions?" Another very common inquiry i "Where is the nearest land? Ona harassed captain, on being aBked this question for about the 50th time, pointed over the vessel's side and blandly re plied: "Madame, the nearest land is at the bottom of the sea." History Writing In Dollars. J. F. Rhodes in "Historical Essays.' I cannot recommend the profession of historian as a means of gaining a livelihood. Bancroft and Parkman, who had a good deal of popularity, spent more money in the collection and copy ing of documents than they ever re ceived as incomes from their histories. A young friend of mine, at the outset of his career and with his living in part to be earned, went for advice to Carl Schurz, who was very fond of him. "What is your aim?" asked Mr. Schurz. "I propose being a historian," was the reply. "Aha!" laughed Schurz, "you are adopting an aristocratic profession, one which requires a rent roll." Every aspiring historian has, I suppose, dreamed of that check: of a hundred thousand dollars which Macaulay re ceived as royalty on his history for its sale during the year 1856, but no such dream has since been realized. Human Kinship Through the Calf. Athenaeum. Dr. Adolphe Bloch has contributed to the Paris Anthropological Society a, memoir on the size of the calf of tho leg as an anthropological character. Its relative smallness, not only in the negro but also in the Ethiopian, the Australian, the Papuan, the Weddah, the Dravidian and (according to tho monuments), the civilized Egyptian of antiquity, constitutes, in his opinion, an atavistic character revealing the negro origin of all these races, though their subsequent evolution has been different, under different media and conditions of existence. The smallness of the calf Is thus, he thinks, an anthropological character of great value, since it en ables us to assign a common origin to races which would otherwise have been regarded as complete strangers to each other. France May Tax Wigs and Kalsc Hair Baltimore News. France needs $40,000,000 to balance he budget, and . does not know what she cai tax to get it. It has been suggested t the Minister of Finance that he tax wig . and -false hair. The amount of artifica hair worn by the French women in thei i in thei j iman re I 0,000, an-j coiffures is enormous. One worn; cently ran up a bill of over $30, many women who cannot be called ric spend $200 to $300 a year on nan ir whic f igh pur I becomes their own . only through. chase. Britain Builds Cheaper Vessels. Pittsburg Despatch. By the introduction of improved mn chinery it Is claimed that Great Britaj Is now in a position to build vessel cheaper than ever before. A Lond4 journal says the steamers of from H thousands to eight thousand tons cl now be built at 5 5s per ton of th deadweight carrying capacity.' ; I