THE MORNING OltEGOXTAN, TITCItSPAV, OCTOBER 28. 1000.
83;? 9ttjjmttiW
', rOBTUM). OKEGOX.
Entered at Portland. Oregon. Postofflce
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rORTUM. TlltKMMV. OCT. 2S. 1900.
QUESTION AS TO l tlll lO WHARVES.
It Is the belief of The Oregonlon
that the City of Portland ought not to
enter upon the policy of construction
and operation of public whams often
called docks, but In this sense errone
ously. ' It Is true that the electors of the
cltv have voted a very large lseue of
bonds, to be sold for construction of
public wharves: but the matter did
not. in the opinion of The Oregonlan.
obtain the consideration it ought to
have received. Besides, bond-voting
usually proceeds with more eagernrss
than subsequent taxpaying.
Th- city docs not now possess -suitable
wat r-front on which to erect
such structures, find the sites would
cost very heavy sums. Even wt re
they obtained through use of eminent
domain, the cost woul 1 be extremely
great, and the interest charge upon
the city would make a sum that would
be felt by taxpayers, already loaded
by present undertakings and by pros
pective ones that cannot be avoided.
The operation of those wharves
under public management, whatever
rosy promises' of profit may be made
In advance, will be an additional load
for the taxpayers to carry. It will be
the policy of the city to reduce the
wharf rates, and the income will be
smaller than any estimate, while the
expense will be larger. There is no
occasion for any illusion about these
thing.--. Stories about profits of such
finvestments" elsewhere are always to
be discounted.
The city that employs Its credit puts
burdens upon the property of its peo
ple. Portland has done much of this,
and In time to come will do still more;
but its credit should be used for neces
sary, not speculative, undertakings.
Again, the city, entering upon this
business, will engage In active compe
tition with private property, and the
opposition will do Injury to both. The
City's - revenues from the public
wharves will not equal the expectation
or estimate, and the private owner and
taxpryer will be injured by the efforts
of the city to cut down his business
and absorb his property. It is said,
however, that there will be compensa
tion through reduction of charges
compensation, perhaps, to 6ome at the
expense of others. Including the whole
body of taxpayers: but is It the proper
business of municipal government to
6a this kind of thing? It is the very
basis of the argument made against
subsidies, and against the partialities
of the protective tariff.
Wharf charges at Portland are not
excessive: and there Is competition
here as In all other lines of business.
Is it the object to have the city monop
olize the business here and then raise
the rates? Nominally this system
might pay, but it would not in fact.
Of course there would be the usual
Juggle of bookkeeping, showing profits;
but the taxpayer's acquaintance would
be maintained year by year with the
Interest charge.
. By far the greater part of the busi
ness handled at the wharves of Port
land is controlled by the large trans
portation companies as through
traffic, or by the heavy exporters who
handle their own business. Tie Job
In these public wharves is Intended by
persons who wish to tax the city for
faciltatlon of private transportation
business. .
But. in fact, neither this business,
nor any other commercial industry,
can be handled under public direction
as cheaply as under private control.
High salaries and employes in unneces
sary numbers would attend the public
undertaking. To the city payroll
would be added an Increasing troop of
wharf ( masters, deputies and clerks;
and the cost would be double what
similar work would be under private
administration.
"VVe have more bridges to build and
larger water supply to provide, and
park and other Improvements to make,
and steadily increasing sums to pay
for deepening the river channels.
These are absolute necessities. The
city should decline the wharf business,
and such other lines of effort as are
better conducted in private hands.
There can be no more reason for pub
lic ownership of wharves in Portland
than for public ownership of hackney
carriage, telephones, transfer com
panies or street railway lines. The
advocates of the undertaking chiefly,
are those who -wish to levy a tax on
the public to enable them to do busi
ness, and others who wish to tax the
'public to do everything for everybody.
Whether the Mayor can make ef
fective stand against this scheme and
Its consequences we don't know; but
his judgment as to matters of business,
which Is of the best, together with his
well-known ability in affairs of public
administration, may enable him to
show the reasons, and to prove them,
why the city should at this time keep
out of this business.
This "asylum for the free, refuge
for the oppressed," and all that sort
of Fourth of July language is a mag
net with pretty strong drawing powers
for the people beyond the seas. Some
of these pecple, however, never be
come sufficiently Inoculated with the
germ of freedom to form a very deep
attachment for the country. In this
class belong some of the English.
Scotch. Japanese and Bengalese stu
dents of the Washington State Col
lege at Pullman. These aliens have
petitioned that they may be not re
quired to enroll in the military de
partment of the school. Their ob
jection is due to the fact that enroll
ment In the cadet corps would make
them subject to service In the. United
States army In case of war. The Gov
ernment ha provided a fund for the
college on Vendition that all students
engage in the military drill. Perhaps
it would he just as well to deport these
aliens whr) are In America only for
what they ran pet out of It without
offering any loyalty or service in return.
M'CH M ON STROr 8 PERVERSION!
The following fahle, in support of
the unconstitutional increase of the
j members of Justices of the Supreme
i Court of Oregon from three to five is
! now nresented. It is the case of Cline
vs. Greenwood, 10th Oregon, that is
cited, viz.:
The court consisted of Lord, chief justice,
and Waldo and Watson, associate Justices.
Thouch the right of all three to hold olTlce
was challenged by the defeated litigant,
and though the Constitution set forth how
Supreme Justice, should be elective officers.
Judge Lord and hta associates very prop
erly took a common-sense view of the Con
stitution, construed It as a whole and not
In a captious narrowness, declared the court
constitutionally ordained, and peace there
after refined.
There could be no grosser misstato
- 't;... -h tlreen-
ment oi tne cae ... ... -- - --
wood. This, simply, is abominable
misconstruction and subterfuge. The
case was decided at the October term.
1SS2. The point was whether the
Supreme Court as constituted in 1879,
was a constitutional tribunal, or not.
It consisted of three Justices, Lord,
Waldo and Watson. The separate Su
premo Court had recently been called
Into existence by act of the Legislature,
and the question raised was whether
the Governor had possessed the con
stitutional right to appoint the mem
bers. Review of the Constitution
shows the following facts:
In 1878 the Legislature, In accord
with provision made in the Constitu
tion, created a separate Supreme
Court, of three Justices, and author
ized the Governor to appoint, till elec
tions could be held. Prior to 1S78
the Supreme Judges were invested
with the double function of Circuit
and Supreme Judges, and the number
of Supreme Judges of this character,
so long as that system existed, could
not exceed seven. There were five of
sftch Supreme Judges officiating: In
1878. doing also circuit duties. It was
to Supreme Judges of this description,
(not to exceed seven) having the dou
ble attributes of Supreme and Circuit
Judges, that this condition applied.
But when the population should reach
200.000 the Legislature was authorized
to displace the old system and pro
vide for the election of Supreme and
Circuit Judges. In distinct classes,
which it did in 1878. Then the num
ber of Supreme Judges was to be
limited to three, but there might be
as many Circuit Judges as the Legis
lature might from time to time deem
necessary. There are twenty now.
Tho contention In Cline vs. Greenwood
raised the question whether t:.e three
Judges could be appointed, legally, by
the Governor. It was contended they
could not. The case was passed on
by the next Judges, elected by the
peorle, whose constitutional standing
was not questioned. Here again it Is
manifest there can be no parallel be
tween that case and the conditions of
the present time.
The decision In Cline vs. Greenwood
gives in clearest manner the whole
constitutional history of the Supreme
Court, with statement of authority for
the change made in the tribunal and
the effect of it. The case Is fatal to
this modern contention. It goes abso
lutely against the miserable subterfuge
offered in support of the increase of
the number of Justices from three to
five. It is a travesty of reason; It is
positively dishonest, and most dis
creditable thus to wrest a court opin
ion from its clear and proper meaning
to an opposite one. The Supreme
Court that delivered the decision in
Cline vs. Greenwood was organized in
conformity with the Constitution; the
present Supreme Court is not. If it
is a shame and a reproach to offer a
lie, even In a trivial matter, how much
greater the shame and reproach to
offer a lie and to argue for It, when
the inquiry relates to the constitu
tional existence of the final tribunal
of law and justice in the state? This
tribunal, at least, should not stand on
a lie! But we believe no member
of It will cite Cline vs. Greenwood, In
support of the legality of the act of
the late Legislature, which body not
only defied the Constitution and the
decision in Cline vs. Greenwood, but
insulted the people of Oregon by di
rectly reversing their mandate, de
livered in the preceding election, when
by a vote of 60.591 against 30,243 they
declared the number of Justices of the
Supreme Court should not exceed the
existing constitutional limitation of
three.
GENERAL. HOWARD.
Oliver Otis Howard was the last re
maining soldier who had held high
command during the Civil War. Many
remain, who were younger soldiers,
and some even older; but Howard Is
the last of those who held very import
ant command, during the struggle.
Scarcely one was present at a greater
number of the critical actions or
crises of the war; and, though some
times unfortunate, he always retained
the respect and confidence of those In
highest command.
Howard was in the conflict from first
to last. He participated In more than
twenty great battles and In innumer
able smaller engagements. He started
in with Bull Run, and came out as
commander of the Army of the Ten
nessee, which constituted the right
wing of Sherman's army on the march
to the sea, and then through the Caro
llnas, to the final surrender. His only
disaster was at Chancellorsville, where
he commanded the Eleventh Corps;
and In his memoirs he defends himself
vigorously by showing that he was
rooted to an unfortunate position by
absolute and repeated orders. He had
lost an arm In the Peninsular cam
paign, but his zeal carried him back
to the service even before he was phys
ically fit for his duty. General Philip
Kearney, -who haH lost his left arm In
Mexico, meeting Howard at Fair Oaks,
Just when Howard's right arm had
been shattered, shouted: "Hello,
Howard! It's your right arm. "That's
lucky. We shall ivnw buy our gloves
together!" Kearney was killed a little
later at Chantilly, Va., where General
Isaac L Stevens, of Washington, also
fell.
Antietam alao and Gettysburg were
among the great battles in which
Howard participated, in both with
highest credit. After Gettysburg he
was sent to the West, and- by sugges
tion of Grant, with approval of Sher
man, he was appointed to command of
the several corps that constituted the
Army of the Tennessee. All the his-,
tories of the war give accounts of his
work, on the march to the sea and on
the campaign through the Carolinas.
He directed the movements that
brought the Union Army Into com
munication with the fleet at sea; and
riding over to Sherman he said:
"General, there's Fort McAllister; we
must have it." "How will you take
It?" said Sherman. "Give me leave.
General," replied Howard, "and I'll
carry it with Hazen's division." The
feat, one of the most brilliant of the
war, wiis completely successful In
quick time.
In 1874 Howard was sent to take
command of the Department of the
Columbia. For years he was a
familiar figure here. He lived in Port
land a long time at Twelfth and Mor
rison streets, hut his duty carried him
to all points In the Northwest, from
California to Alaska and Montana.
He led several campaigns against the
hostile Indians, chief of which was
his long pursuit and many . conflicts
with Joseph's Nez Perces. Lieuten
ants Wilkinson and C. E. S. Wood
were then members of his staff. No
service in the Civil War was more try
ing than thlj campaign. Iater he
held command of the Department of
the Tlatte and California, and for a
time was superintendent of the Mili
tary Academy at West Point. His
children were well known here and
many who attended the schools with
them will remember the family. One
of his sons. Major Guy Howard, was
killed in the Philippines.
General Howard was brought up
strictly in the principles of Puritanism,
from which he never lapsed. He was
a soldier strictly of the Cromwellian
order, yet never ostentatious. His
name will live In the history of the
country.
8TEKL DIVIDEND A BRACER.
Predictions were made In Wall
street yesterday that the English bank
rate would be reduced this week. An
advance of 100 per cent since CJctober
1 was so sensational in its proportions
that it was almost a certainty that
the outward flow of gold would not
only, be checked, but the attractive
rate would draw gold from other parts
of the world. For this reason, unless
some unforeseen trouble arises, the
bank rate will probably settle back
to a normal figure. Whatever may
be the iniquities of the tariff that per
mits such wholesale plundering of
consumers as is engaged in by the
steel trust, the good fat dividend an
nounced Tuesday undoubtedly acted
as a bracer, not only at home but
abroad.
King Edward Is reported to have
been gambling very heavily in steel,
and now that the increased dividend
has demonstrated the earning power
of the stock, the esteemed followers
who sneeze when royalty takes snuff,
may temporarily cease dumping their
American securities on the market.
When an excited population makes
a run on a bank, there Is always an
overwhelming desire to draw money
out of the institution. This desire is
gratified as soon as It has been dem
onstrated that the bank has ample
funds to meet all demands. Then the
run starts the other way, and the
funds flow back into the bank.
If England, as reported, became
frightened by the over-speculation and
abnormally high prices to which stocks
were forced in this country, the sup
port which has been afforded the mar
ket in the past fortnight should have
assured her that there is still plenty
of money in the American banks. The
trouble may not yet be over, but the
scare has subsided, and reduction of
the bank rate would offer strong assur
ance that the British were more fright
ened than hurt when they jumped the
rate from 2 H per cent to 5 per cent.
CONVENING THE GOVERNORS.
One of the most encouraging steps
Mr. Taft has taken is to invite the
state Governors to convene in "Wash
ington next Winter. He wishes to
see "the whole forty-six" there, he
says, and promises to make their stay
"memorable and pleasant." Nothing
that Mr. Roosevelt ever did pleased
the people? more than the meeting of
Governors which he convened In
Washington. The country has come
to understand that It is represented
by the National and state executives
In a, singularly efficient and desirable
way. Our district system of choosing
Congressmen and legislators makes
each of them spokesman for a frac
tion of the public. None of them can
speak for the state" or Nation and
none of them wish to do so.
The Governor, on the other hand,
stands for the state as a unit in con
trast with the separate sections and
interests which find a voice In the
Legislature. Of late the Governor in
more than one state has appeared as
the defender of the public against en
croachment of one sort and another.
Still more distinctly does the Presi
dent represent the Nation. The peo
ple are disposed to exalt his office and
support him in exercising his consti
tutional powers to the last extreme.
When the Governors met with the
President In unofficial consultation the
public believed that wide National
questions would be discussed on their
merits without resort to underhand
tricks or petty quibbling. The same
thing will be expected when the meet
ing reassembles next Winter. The
questions of uniform divorce laws, con
servation of resources and waterways,
to mention only a few of the Important
ones now before the country, can be
discussed by the Governors in a way
that will afford light and possibly guid
ance to Congress.
FOR BETTER FARMING.
As a dispenser of fatherly, friendly,
farming advice, Mr. James J. Hill, like
good wine. Improves with age. Some
of his statements collide with each
other, as, for example, his remarks
at Billings Tuesday regarding the mar
keting of wheat, wherein he said that
he had made money by holding his
crop until Spring. This was followed
by caution against holding the crop so
long "that some fellow down In the
Southern Hemisphere, it may be Aus
tralia, it may be Argentina, will raise
a crop that he Is planting about this
time and have It on the market along
side of them (the American farmers)
before they sell theirs." As Spring is
five or six months distant, and the
Argentine and Australian crops will
both come on the market within the
next 80 or 90 days, a literal Interpre
tation of the great railroader's re
marks might leave the farmer in doubt
as to what he should do with his crop.
On the broader and more important
question of meeting the increasing de
mand for wheat and other farm prod
ucts with an increased supply, there
is much wisdom in Mr. Hill's remarks.
The United States is comparatively
new in wheat production, when com
pared with the old world countries;
but so careless have been American
farming methods and so slight the
attention paid to the conservation of
the crop-producing properties of the
soil, that today the average wheat yield
per acre in this country is less than
half that which Is produced in Euro
pean countries where the soil has been
in use for a thousand years. In actual
figures the wheat yield of the United
States is about fourteen bushels per
acre, while that of Great Britain is
more than thirty bushels per acre:
These figures disclose a tremendous
waste of raw material. Old world
lands are improving with age, while
ours are deteriorating.
There are still many millions of
acres of land in the United States that
could be used for the production of
wheat. But even should none of this
new acreage be planted to wheat, or
only a sufficient amount to make up
the loss occasioned through t:-.e land
being diverted to other uses, possi
bilities for increase are enormous. The
wheat crop of the United States has
for a number of years been running
between 625,000.000 and 750.000.000
bushels, and this year is about 700,
000.000. If we can produoe.,700,000,
000 bushels of wheat annually by our
present slipshod, careless methodj of
farming and soil conservation, the
adoption of methods used in the old
world would In time bring this yield
up to more than 1,400,000,000 bushels
of wheat, without any increase In the
acreage.
We may never reach an output of
such proportions, as our land is so
much more valuable for producing
other crops. Unless there is a great
economic change throughout the
world, we should probably find It
more profitable to raise fruit, dairy
products and livestock, and buy our
wheat from less favored lands. What
has been accomplished in other coun
tries, however, is good proof that we
are falling far short of making the
most of our opportunities, and that
what is needed in this country, more
than an increased wheat acreage, is
better cultivation of that which we
are now using.
A Seattle market dispatch announces
that some of the dealers from the
Puget Sound city have been over in
Oregon "sizing" up the prospective
supply of turkeys for the Thanksgiving
trade. ' We are Informed that the
"dealers here (in Seattle) think 17
cents in Oregon, which means about
19 cents here for live birds, is a fair
price for the Thanksgiving trade."
The term "fair price" Is of course used
advisably. Of course it has no refer
ence to any opinion the intending pur
chaser of the Thanksgiving turkey
might have. Still, with hogs selling at
8 cents per pound on foot, pork 9 to
9hi cents, veal 10 cents, eggs 40
cents per dozen, and everything else
in proportion, the consumer Is prob
ably in no position to judge what a
"fair price" might be. Of one thing
he is reasonably certain, however, and
that is, that if everything he must
buy continues In its upward flight, it
will shortly be a case of back to the
farm or to the poorhouse.
More than 70,000 passengers were
carried by the excursion steamers run
ning to the Cascades last Summer.
Most of this big travel came from the
East, and, as the Columbia River scen
ery is so immeasurably superior to that
of the famous Hudson, it should be
well advertised by the surprised tour
ists who viewed it. Scenery Is only
one of the many natural assets of this'
Western country, but from a transpor
tation standpoint It Is far from being
an unimportant revenue producer.
A big whale chasing a school of can
dle fish was stranded on the beach at
Newport last Friday for several min
utes, but succeeded in working its way
back to deep water. Tho attraction
Was a little late for this season's busi
ness, but Mr. McMurray, the beach
boomer, can make use of the Incident
in next season's literature regarding
Newport attractions. He can show
visitors the spot where the whale
stranded.
In defense of the numerous corps
of health officers, inspectors', commis
sioners and deputies employed to look
after Portland's health, the example
of Panama is cited, where disease was
checked by a corps of medical men. It
Is not a very happy comparison. Better
than inspectors and health officers are
pure air, pure water and wholesome
climate.
Good roads are good investments.
All sums expended Intelligently in
the counties of Oregon on the roads
will increase land and other values
more than the cost of the roads; and
there will be comfort and conven
ience, ease of movement and immense
saving in horse flesh, harness and ve
hicles besides.
Louis Hill, president of the Great
Northern, has been lost in the moun
tains again, the second time within
a few months. This kind of adver
tising would be great for theatrical
stars, but in the case of Mr. Hill, its
advantages are not clear. He should
wear a bell, when he gets off the right
of way.
Johnson says he expects to wear
Jeffries out in the forthcoming fight.
There are a few million people in the
country who will rest Just as easy, if
the "wearing out" tactics are followed
to the same length as they were in
that famous Kilkenny cat engagement.
Because the town of Ballard, recent
ly annexed to Seattle, is' not provided
with a patrol wagon, it became neces
sary for two policemen to convey a
drunken woman to the station on a
wheelbarrow. There are disadvan
tages attached to living in a suburb.
Next year, when metered water
consumers pay a higher rate, they
will not be so eager for meters, but
will find it not easy to get rid of them.
Why doesn't the newly-born Pastime
Athletic Club put in a bid for about
$125,000 for that Jeffries-Johnson
fight? It needs advertising.
Health officials are said to be get
ting mighty tired of the milk crusade.
But really, what have they done to
make them tired?
The trig talk of Jim Jeffries and
Jack Johnson indicates that either of
them would make an ideal Polar ex
plorer. Will the city's public wharves be
above or below the bridges? People
who cross the bridges would like to
know.
The Japs ought 'to be able to get
big concessions as balm for assassina
tion of Ito.
HEARST'S NEW RESPECTABILITY'.
Old Enemies Now Accomplishing; the
Impossible by Supporting Him.
Springfield (Mass.) Republican.
People who are particular about their
associates in politics have no end of trou
ble over the tricks that time and events
play upon them. The arch-fiend of yes
terday may today appear in the beatified
role of deliverer of the innocents from the
raids of Satan's hosts. Is Mr. Hearst
really becoming respectable? This is the
direct question. He Is a candidate for
Mayor, but the attacks upon him in the
press of New Tork have ceased. Papers
which once exhausted their resources' in
the art of denunciation, when dealing
with Mr. Hearst's political ambitions, now
welcome him as an ally, and the effect
Is curious because the short period of five
years cover Mr. Hearst's political candi
dacies. We can remember back five
years.
While old Republican politicians like
Mr. Depew declare that Mr. Hearst is
becoming respectable and deserves the
right hand of fellowship, there Is another
element that refuses to acknowledge any
actual change for the better in Mr.
Hearst's character. Yet this element
must consent to work with him for the
defeat of Tammany. And it is almost im
possible to welcome a man's assistance
In a desperate undertaking while contin
uing to denounce his past record and re
fusing to sit with him on the same ros
trum. But this almost impossible achieve
ment is now accomplished in tho New
York municipal contest. The Evening
Post performs the maneuver with extra
ordinary adroitness. It admits Mr.
Hearst to the status of an ally, while
withdrawing nothing it has ever said In
derogation of his sincerity and alms. One
reads:
The mora a man like Harst changes,
the more he remains the same thing. What
ever the alteration of his pose, or the shift
ing of his political locality, his essential
qualtts are the same that we have known
through tho 12 years of their consistent
display. N'o one suddenly leaves oil be
ln a vulcar s.-If-advertlHer: shakes off the
mental and moral habits of a lifetime; or
quits being a sensational and reckle-ss agi
tator, to become a poised and conscientious
public servant. We do not ourselves be
lieve that Hearst will be able to keep up
the pretense that he is different from the
Hearst of 1906 and 1906. As he warms to
his campaign, we look to see him reassume
the character which he has not really
dropped, and fill the air again with, the
old truculonce. the old impossible pledjrs,
the Inflammatory appeals and the threats.
In this way he can best serves the city, be
cause in this way he can make his canvass
to turbulent and the possibility of his suc
cess so menacing that thousands of self
respecting and patriotic Democrats will
quietly vote for Bannard in order to save
the city from both Uaynor and Hearst.
That this is masterly logic no one can
deny. Because he was truculent and
made Inflammatory appeals and threats
and offered Impossible pledges, Mr.
Hearst in times past was an enemy of
the state and society, but today we are
told that he can "best serve the city" by
being equally truculent, inflammatory,
turbulent and menacing. There are prob
ably many rather Innocent people who
find themselves staggered by reasoning
so brilliantly audacious, but they must
reflect calmly and soberly upon the prin
ciples of practical politics. One sees hero
the same dilemma that President Roose
velt faced after branding Mr. Hearst as
the assassin of President McKinley. Mr.
Roosevelt is a practical man, and when
he found that Mr. Hearst was helping
along the election of Mr. Taft and the
defeat of Mr. Bryan, Mr. Hearst was in
vited to the White House.
Of course. If it should soon appear that
Mr Hearst was in grave peril of being
elected himself, Instead of serving mere
ly as an aid to Mr. Bannard, the situation
would call for some rapid readjustments.
Put just how the logic would be whipped
Into satisfactory shape, In that untoward
event passes comprehension. Of only one
thing can we be sure. Mr. Hearst is get
ting respectable. We all may live to see
Harvard confer upon him an LL. D.
OFFER TO ANTI -VACCINATIONISTS.
Writer SnisgetttH Disbelievers Be Allow
ed to Iana by Inoculation.
FUYALLUP. Wash.. Oct. 26. (To the
Editor.) I have been deeply interested
in the recent communications that have
appeared pro and con in The Oregonian
on the relatives merits of vaccination.
There seems to me, however, one point
that has been overlooked in the dis
cussion that I should like to present.
The advocates of vaccination are con
fident that inoculation will prove a
sure defense against the ravages of
smallpox. Their opponents insist that
the comparative immunity of recent
years is due to greater cleanliness of
our cities and the vast increase in the
use of the private bath. Now, it ap
pears to me that if te community shall
make provision for the free vaccination
of those who have talth in its efficacy,
both sides should be satisfied. If every
one of the opponents of vaccination
should contract the "disease and die
within a year, it could have no 111 ef
fects on the followers of Jenner, who
accepted the offer of society. This
method of dealing with the vexed ques
tion avoids even the appearance of
wishing to poison one's neighbor's
children in order to guard one's own.
It is undoubtedly true that some
children and adults have lost their lives
as a direct result of vaccination, and
until medical science has learned to
know positively and definitely when the
vaccine virus is pure or Impure, and
also what effect it will have on the sys
tem of any given patient, simple fairness
demands that no disbeliever in tho
claimed virtues of vaccination shall be
made the possible victim of others'
opinions.
Our state Supreme Court has recently
rendered an opinion that refusal of
parents to vaccinate their children on
demand of the School Board may justly
debar them from the advantages of the
public schools. It seems to be an utter
ly unjust decision. Rather allow those
who wish it be vaccinated freely and
protect themselves in their own way.
Let the unbelievers take their own
chances. W. S. VARNUM.
pointed Parstg-rnplia.
Chicago News.
Better a poor man at large than a rich
man in Jail.
It's one thing to run Into debt and an
other to crawl out.
The first step towards keeping your
mouth shut Is to close it.
They who burn their bridges behind
them should be expert swimmers.
It is difficult to figure your expenses in
advance, as fully one-half of them are
'unexpected.
If you would be happy keep your. eyes
wide open during courtship and half
closed after marriage.
It's better to deserve success and not
have It than to have success and not de
serve It, although less pleasant.
It is said that a cat has nine lives, but
a cat isn't in it with an old cow when It
comes to kicking the bucket.
Our idea of heaven is a place big
enough to make it possible for people to
be without neighbors.
Bananas the Fruit Food.
New York Commercial.
From the City of Mexico comes the
announcement that London fruit dealers
are preparing to ship bananas in large
quantities from Mexican to British ports
direct and that growers in the isthmian
territory and Campech are preparing to
so Increase their crops that they can de
liver at the seasoard a minimum of
5000 tons of bananas a month; 15 steam
ers, it is eald, are now ready to he put
into the service between the gulf ports
of Mexico and those of Great Britain.
The news is iignificant as demonstrating
the enormous increase In the consump
tion of bananas in recent years through
out the civilized world and the coincident
lowering of their price.
THE! RIGHT TO TEACH RELIGION.
Under the Constitution of Orrsron, Pro
fessor Howe Hosnt It. .
ROSEBCRG. Or.. Oct. 2. (To the
Editor.) There seems to be some dis
position to deal with the controversy
which has arisen at Eugene over re
cent utterances of Professor Howe as
though the matter were only of import
ance to theologians and ministers of
the gospel. May a layman suggest that
it Is largely a question for fathers and
mothers, and a question whether one
employed by the state in a position of
honor and trust has measured up to
the delicate responsibility of his posi
tion? Grant for the sake of argument
that one may find entrance into the
Kingdom of Heaven without a belief
irt the doctrine of the atonement, and
grant absolutely that Professor Howe
has a right to such views on that sub
ject and on all other religious subjects
as may to him seem proper, yet the
practical situation is this:
What are called orthodox Chris-1
tian views are held by a large number
of the good citizens of Oregon, who are
bringing up sons and daughters in what
they consider the fear and admonition
of the Lord, and at the same time, per
haps, looking forward to the time when
their children may have some benefit
from that great institution of learning
which they are helping to support the
University of Oregon. These parents
are convinced of the inseparable unity
of morality and religion religion as
thoy severally understand It. if you
please and they believe, we will say,
that the only guarantee of a sound,
wholesome, upright life in this world,
as well as of an entrance into the
realms of bliss beyond, is to be found
in the faith which was brought into
the world by him who said that if he
was lifted up he would draw ail men
unto him.
Again, the constitution of Oregon
provides that no money shall be drawn
from the treasury for the benefit of any
religious or theological institution, and
the people of Oregon have a right to
insist that our educational institutions
supported from the public purse shall
be free from religious instruction. The
basis of such a constitutional provis
ion and of such a demand by the people
is not that they want no religion, but
that the state shall have nothing what
ever to do with the providing of a re
ligion for them. Inseparably connect
ed with this position is the supremely
Important and sacred right of the par
ent to direct the education of the child
along those lines which he deems best
for its temporal and spiritual welfare.
In view of these considerations, what
legal or moral right has a professor
employed in the University of Oregon
to offer any religious teaching what
ever to any student thereof, at any
hour of the day? What right would
such a professor have to hold up be
fore a Jewish student, carefully nur
tured in the principles of Judaism, the
crucifixion of Jesus as a crime resting
upon the Jewish people, branding his
race as murderers of the anointed one?
Truly, there is a time and a place for
everything.
It is no answer to say Professor
Howe's utterances were delivered after
lesson hours. Did he, or could he,
divest himself of the prestige of his
office? rid he, or could he, for the
time sever the sacred. Intangible rela
tion of teacher and pupil? Would the
susceptible minds of his young hearers
give less weight to his words than If
they had been uttered during a recita
tion hour? These questions furnish
their own answer In every candid mind.
B. L. EDDY.
GEORGE BERNARD SHAW'S PLAYS
He Never Loses a Chance to Utter a
Commentatory Sarcasm.
London Cor. New Orleans Times-Democrat,
George Bernard Shaw rarely allows a
premiere of one of his plays to pass with
out a commentatory witticism. His latest
Shawism is apropos the production of a
musical version of "Arms and the Man."
"If a New York first-night audience can
appreciate this opera they are to be con
gratulated." he said. The characteristi
cally left-handed compliment recalls his
dinner-table reference to "Major Bar
bara." "Have you seen 'Major Barbara'?" he
asked his fellow-diner.
"Why, yes, of course I have."
"What, even the last act?"
"Yes, even that."
"Well," replied G. B. S., "that is more
than I can say. I myself have never been
able to sit it through."
When "Arms and the Man" was first
produced in New York, an American man.
ager cabled Mr. Shaw a report on its suc
cess. Shaw telegraphed back:
"Keep calm. My plays always succeed
with first-rate acting."
An amusing sequel to this was his reply
to some London amateurs who wished to
produce "You Never Can Tell." He wrote:
"Dear Sir: Amateurs cannot perform
my plays. Professionals cannot unless I
am there to help them. By all means, do
it. if you. want to, but God help the audi
ence." "Arms and the Man" seems to have in
spired Shaw with some of his best mo
ments. Nothing could have been happier
than his observation after its first produc
tion at the Avenue, now the Playhouse.
At the end of that historic evening he ap.
peared before the curtain In response to
repeated calls. He seemed embarrassd,
however, until a loud and solitary hiss
emanated from the gallery. That cheered
him. He looked up. He had found oppo
sition. "I quite agree with you," he said. "But
What are we two among so many?"
But Shaw's satire Is not always confined
to his own productions. A fair companion
sitting beside him In the stalls of a cer
tain theater remarked:
"Don't you. think the company play
splendidly? They have been acting to
gether for nearly 11 years."
"Eleven years," repeated Shaw.
"Haven't we been here longer than that?"
Character Tests.
New Y'ork Tribune.
"Play , cards with a man for an hour,
and you will know him better than If
you had mot him in the drawing room
every evening for a year," says a Ger
man writer. But "Sonla," in a recent
number of Figaro, suggests another char
acter barometer. A never-failing test is
the hotel room. The way a man ar
ranges his room In a hotel shows
whether he has been well reared, what
his Ideas of propriety are, whether hie
bump of order has been developed,
whether he is methodical or slovenly,
and one may even know by the way
wearing apparel, ornaments and baggage
are disposed of In a room which the
occupant knows he will remain in only
a few days, whether he is thoroughly
or superficially educated. "If I had a
daughter for whom a young man sued,"
says "Sonla." "I would have him go to
a Summer resort where I could surprise
him in his hotel room. In less than 15
minutes my verdict would be rendered
on the basis of tho room's appearance."
Bottled Snake Enforces Temperance.
Kimball. S. D., Cor. St. Louis Republic.
A 10-year-old live rattlesnake In a two
quart glass Jar Is playing its part in caus
ing the drunkards of Kimball to reform.
The Jar and snake occupy a place in the
Sobek saloon. When a customer appears
at the bar who has already Indulged in
more liquor than is good for him, the bar
tenders quickly push to a position at ills
elbow the jar and its reptile occupant.
When the tipsy customer catches sight
of the writhing reptile, one look usually
is enough, and, thinking "he's got 'em for
sure," he loses no time in hastening from
the place.
Unavoidable.
St. Paul Dispatch.
Poverty is not a luxury," says Tom
Lawson, No. it is almost a necessity
since the Payne law went into operation.
Life's SunnySide
Transient Kit. -t-r i-U " w-.iii.-r tiiuj
ticket will aliow i.j.-ovt h r?
StatltiftAK. nl It-V i.' i.'U. M. at do you
want to atop for?
Transient To via:' on. .5 dint.iiit rela
tives of mine -tl'- J'ukf-s
Station Agent-Then s "U l.'ive plenty
of time. This tl. k.-t la ...,d for le-xt
train.
Transient Sen here! I'o yoj know how
long I intend to io?
Station Agent Not ex.ietly; but I know
the Jlnkses! Puck.
Dr. William B. Lamb, of Chicago, art
enthusiastic automobllist, who Is nt tho
Shoreham, speaking of a trip through
Manitoba, said:
"We stopped at a llttlo inn near the
town of Hargravo. I found In the Inn the
landlord and another man. They .-at .-id.)
by side on a bench. They were botn very
old.
" 'Excuse tne, landlord.' I said, 'but can
you tell me how far it le to Hran.ior. ."
"The old man Jumiwd up ami hobbled
behind the bar.
' 'Brandy?' he said in a thin quaver.
Yes, Indeed, sir; and a very tine brandy
It Is.' , M
"He put the bottle and glass before me.
" 'I asked you," said I mora loudly, 'how
far It is to Brandon T
" The best brandy, of course, sir,' he
answered. "I don't keep nothing but the
best.'
"In despair I turned from this deaf
veteran to the other man on the bench.
" 'Look here," I said, 'can you. tell mo
how far it is to Brandon?"
"The other old man, with a grateful
look, rose and limped hastily up to the
bar.
" Thanks, sir.' be said; 1 Aon t care If
I do." "
"The shameless grafting that goes on in
New York," said the sociologist. Dr. Bol
ton Ely Flint, in a recent addreFs, "makes
me think of a conversation between two
crooked storekeepers. These two men,
meeting at the club, shook handa, and tho
first said: 'I congratulate you. old chap.
That was a splendid fire of yours last
Thursday.' The other frowned. 'You're
mixed,' he said. 'Not last Thursday; next
Thursday." "'
A laborer had worked hard all day put
ting in several tons of coal. For hla
day's hard work he received S2. His way
home led him by the open door of a sa
loon. Inside he heard the niagio rattle
of the dice. A crap game was in prog
ress. Getting hold of the bones, the lnhorer
placed a dollar on the tablo and "rolled."
He lost. He wagered another dollar, with
the eame result. Getting up from the ta
ble, he said:
"Well, easy come, easy go." Kewark
Star.
Wilbur B. Williams, as speaker at the
raw enforcement convention held In Chi
cago recently, told a story on a Gas Belt
police Judge In explaining how men in
such a position had, better be careful as to
the company they keep. Ha said coma
gamblers, who were brought into this
Judge's court, were proven guilty. The
judge frowned, the gamblers frowned and
marched In funeral fashion out to pay
their fines. They were "digging" when
the Judge passed them. He poked one of
the men in the ribs.
""Well, Bill," he Bald to the gambler,
"this Is not the first time I ever dealt
with you."
"'No, judge," smiled the keeper.
"But it the first time I ever came out
of the game with your money." said the
Judge. Indianapolis Star.
Dr. Charles E. Woodruff, U. S. A., haa
conducted some Investigations which ap
pear to show that the blonde type la
doomed to extinction In America.
"People take pride in being blondes,"
said Dr. Woodruff, facetiously, at a din
ner in Washington; "but If my investi
gations are correct, then this pride is
misplaced as misplaced as that of Tim
othy Olcott.
."Timothy Olcott, an urchin of wretched
appearance, was haled before a Boston
magistrate, charged with obstructing
traffic by playing ball in Tremont street.
" "Can't your parents dress you better
than this?" the magistrate asked, looking
with disgust at Timothy Olcott's filthy
rags.
" 'Ma parents is dead,' Timothy blub
bered. " 'But you've got some friends, surely?"
said the magistrate.
" "I've got a brother," the boy answered.
" "Where Is he?"
"" 'He's at Harvard University," said
Timothy, throwing out his chest.
" 'Is he in a good position there?" asked
the magistrate.
" "No," said Tim. "He's In a bottle
there. Ho was born with two heads." "
Washington Post.
How to Give Away a Million.
New York Cor. Baltimore Sun.
In response to the news, made public
by state officials at Albany, N. Y., that
a philanthropist of this city sought ad
vice as to the disposition of $1,000,000
in some worthy charity, many letters
have been written to the newspapers.
Here are some of the suggestions:
"Start a Mills hotel for women."
"Give to the poor, but proud."
"Send good orchestras to the public
schools and give the children an oppor
tunity to hear good music at the most
Impressionable period of their careers."
"Start a pension fund to protect all
workers In their old age."
"Establish a real home for aged
actors and actresses."
"Endow a theater for children one
where they may enjoy good and clean
shows.
When Richard Watson Gilder, the
well-known author, editor and sociolo
gist, was asked how to glvo away a
million, he said:
"I have had such poor success in ad
vising certain persons how to dispose,
phllanthropically, of even more than
the sum mentioned that I am not sure I,
could successfully advise. Several of
our big givers have established bu
reaus to assist thein In a wise distri
bution of their money, and even they
have trouble.
"I know a great many ways of doing
good with a million, or evon less, but
If I should attempt to be specific I
would simply fill your columns with a
list of my hobbles."
Boy Saved From Jnll by Operntlou.
pniladelphia North American.
Christopher Halln. 12 years old, has
been converted from "one of tho worst
boys In the city" to one of the best by
means of surgery. For neatly a year
he has been regarded as a terror, and
after a number of offenses finally land
ed at the House of Detention, where
he was threatened .with beinsr sent to a
reformatory. Dr. , William F. Baker in
tervened, found tho hoy was sut'ferinjr
from a fractured skull and abscess of
the brain, tho result of an accident, and
operated on him. Now Christopher is
home again, normal, sensible an.l as
good as gold.
Sad for the Ultimate Consumer.
Amherst Record.
Tho butchers seem to b.i selling steaks
now cut from the cow that juiuis-d over
the moon. And speaking of hn.s! Any
well-brad hog would feel asiiamen of
himself on reading the prices charg. d
for pork. Eg-;s? At the pivsent price
tendencies It won't be long lie due cveiy
time a h-?n clucks she will ring up a
nickel on her owner's private rash regis
ter. Speaking of butler! Well, perhaps
it's best not to say too much about
butter at this time. The term "golden"
as applied to butter is fast acquiring;
new .significance.