THE MORNING OltEGOXTAN, TITCItSPAV, OCTOBER 28. 1000. 83;? 9ttjjmttiW ', rOBTUM). OKEGOX. Entered at Portland. Oregon. Postofflce Second-Class Matter fubM-ripllon Rjte Invariably la Advance. P.V Mai' I!Iy. funiiv Included, one year r-aiiy. Sunday Included, p'.x mT.tki - uaiiy. suniay in-'iuurn ...... ....... Pullv. Sun. lav In. I'ded. one niontn Pally, wl'huut Sunday, - no year Iallv. without Sunn ' :x m-mlns D.liy. without Sunday three months... Taily. without Sunday, one month "Weekly. .Mie ) car. Fur.djy. one yar Eunday and weeklv one year... 75 3. .15 1.7S .Ho l.'nl 2..-.0 3.&0 (By Carrier) Pallv. Sunday Included, one year. . 8"? Daily. Sunday Included, one month . How to H-mit Send postoflce money order, express order or personal chock on your local tank. Stamp! coin or currency are at the sender rl.-k. Give postorn.-e ad dress In full. Including county and state 1-mtair Kale 1'" to 14 rase. I cent: 18 o ; paifl. 'I rents; 3 to 4.1 pa'. 3 cents; 40 to Daces. cents. foreign posiuiia double rate En-tern Itu.lncM Office Th S C. Rcl: wlili Se--I.il Ai.-en.-y- Nw Vrk. room 4 P'l Tril.une t.itll.ilnc. Chicago, rooms jl"--'l- Tribune building. rORTUM. TlltKMMV. OCT. 2S. 1900. QUESTION AS TO l tlll lO WHARVES. It Is the belief of The Oregonlon that the City of Portland ought not to enter upon the policy of construction and operation of public whams often called docks, but In this sense errone ously. ' It Is true that the electors of the cltv have voted a very large lseue of bonds, to be sold for construction of public wharves: but the matter did not. in the opinion of The Oregonlan. obtain the consideration it ought to have received. Besides, bond-voting usually proceeds with more eagernrss than subsequent taxpaying. Th- city docs not now possess -suitable wat r-front on which to erect such structures, find the sites would cost very heavy sums. Even wt re they obtained through use of eminent domain, the cost woul 1 be extremely great, and the interest charge upon the city would make a sum that would be felt by taxpayers, already loaded by present undertakings and by pros pective ones that cannot be avoided. The operation of those wharves under public management, whatever rosy promises' of profit may be made In advance, will be an additional load for the taxpayers to carry. It will be the policy of the city to reduce the wharf rates, and the income will be smaller than any estimate, while the expense will be larger. There is no occasion for any illusion about these thing.--. Stories about profits of such finvestments" elsewhere are always to be discounted. The city that employs Its credit puts burdens upon the property of its peo ple. Portland has done much of this, and In time to come will do still more; but its credit should be used for neces sary, not speculative, undertakings. Again, the city, entering upon this business, will engage In active compe tition with private property, and the opposition will do Injury to both. The City's - revenues from the public wharves will not equal the expectation or estimate, and the private owner and taxpryer will be injured by the efforts of the city to cut down his business and absorb his property. It is said, however, that there will be compensa tion through reduction of charges compensation, perhaps, to 6ome at the expense of others. Including the whole body of taxpayers: but is It the proper business of municipal government to 6a this kind of thing? It is the very basis of the argument made against subsidies, and against the partialities of the protective tariff. Wharf charges at Portland are not excessive: and there Is competition here as In all other lines of business. Is it the object to have the city monop olize the business here and then raise the rates? Nominally this system might pay, but it would not in fact. Of course there would be the usual Juggle of bookkeeping, showing profits; but the taxpayer's acquaintance would be maintained year by year with the Interest charge. . By far the greater part of the busi ness handled at the wharves of Port land is controlled by the large trans portation companies as through traffic, or by the heavy exporters who handle their own business. Tie Job In these public wharves is Intended by persons who wish to tax the city for faciltatlon of private transportation business. . But. in fact, neither this business, nor any other commercial industry, can be handled under public direction as cheaply as under private control. High salaries and employes in unneces sary numbers would attend the public undertaking. To the city payroll would be added an Increasing troop of wharf ( masters, deputies and clerks; and the cost would be double what similar work would be under private administration. "VVe have more bridges to build and larger water supply to provide, and park and other Improvements to make, and steadily increasing sums to pay for deepening the river channels. These are absolute necessities. The city should decline the wharf business, and such other lines of effort as are better conducted in private hands. There can be no more reason for pub lic ownership of wharves in Portland than for public ownership of hackney carriage, telephones, transfer com panies or street railway lines. The advocates of the undertaking chiefly, are those who -wish to levy a tax on the public to enable them to do busi ness, and others who wish to tax the 'public to do everything for everybody. Whether the Mayor can make ef fective stand against this scheme and Its consequences we don't know; but his judgment as to matters of business, which Is of the best, together with his well-known ability in affairs of public administration, may enable him to show the reasons, and to prove them, why the city should at this time keep out of this business. This "asylum for the free, refuge for the oppressed," and all that sort of Fourth of July language is a mag net with pretty strong drawing powers for the people beyond the seas. Some of these pecple, however, never be come sufficiently Inoculated with the germ of freedom to form a very deep attachment for the country. In this class belong some of the English. Scotch. Japanese and Bengalese stu dents of the Washington State Col lege at Pullman. These aliens have petitioned that they may be not re quired to enroll in the military de partment of the school. Their ob jection is due to the fact that enroll ment In the cadet corps would make them subject to service In the. United States army In case of war. The Gov ernment ha provided a fund for the college on Vendition that all students engage in the military drill. Perhaps it would he just as well to deport these aliens whr) are In America only for what they ran pet out of It without offering any loyalty or service in return. M'CH M ON STROr 8 PERVERSION! The following fahle, in support of the unconstitutional increase of the j members of Justices of the Supreme i Court of Oregon from three to five is ! now nresented. It is the case of Cline vs. Greenwood, 10th Oregon, that is cited, viz.: The court consisted of Lord, chief justice, and Waldo and Watson, associate Justices. Thouch the right of all three to hold olTlce was challenged by the defeated litigant, and though the Constitution set forth how Supreme Justice, should be elective officers. Judge Lord and hta associates very prop erly took a common-sense view of the Con stitution, construed It as a whole and not In a captious narrowness, declared the court constitutionally ordained, and peace there after refined. There could be no grosser misstato - 't;... -h tlreen- ment oi tne cae ... ... -- - -- wood. This, simply, is abominable misconstruction and subterfuge. The case was decided at the October term. 1SS2. The point was whether the Supreme Court as constituted in 1879, was a constitutional tribunal, or not. It consisted of three Justices, Lord, Waldo and Watson. The separate Su premo Court had recently been called Into existence by act of the Legislature, and the question raised was whether the Governor had possessed the con stitutional right to appoint the mem bers. Review of the Constitution shows the following facts: In 1878 the Legislature, In accord with provision made in the Constitu tion, created a separate Supreme Court, of three Justices, and author ized the Governor to appoint, till elec tions could be held. Prior to 1S78 the Supreme Judges were invested with the double function of Circuit and Supreme Judges, and the number of Supreme Judges of this character, so long as that system existed, could not exceed seven. There were five of sftch Supreme Judges officiating: In 1878. doing also circuit duties. It was to Supreme Judges of this description, (not to exceed seven) having the dou ble attributes of Supreme and Circuit Judges, that this condition applied. But when the population should reach 200.000 the Legislature was authorized to displace the old system and pro vide for the election of Supreme and Circuit Judges. In distinct classes, which it did in 1878. Then the num ber of Supreme Judges was to be limited to three, but there might be as many Circuit Judges as the Legis lature might from time to time deem necessary. There are twenty now. Tho contention In Cline vs. Greenwood raised the question whether t:.e three Judges could be appointed, legally, by the Governor. It was contended they could not. The case was passed on by the next Judges, elected by the peorle, whose constitutional standing was not questioned. Here again it Is manifest there can be no parallel be tween that case and the conditions of the present time. The decision In Cline vs. Greenwood gives in clearest manner the whole constitutional history of the Supreme Court, with statement of authority for the change made in the tribunal and the effect of it. The case Is fatal to this modern contention. It goes abso lutely against the miserable subterfuge offered in support of the increase of the number of Justices from three to five. It is a travesty of reason; It is positively dishonest, and most dis creditable thus to wrest a court opin ion from its clear and proper meaning to an opposite one. The Supreme Court that delivered the decision in Cline vs. Greenwood was organized in conformity with the Constitution; the present Supreme Court is not. If it is a shame and a reproach to offer a lie, even In a trivial matter, how much greater the shame and reproach to offer a lie and to argue for It, when the inquiry relates to the constitu tional existence of the final tribunal of law and justice in the state? This tribunal, at least, should not stand on a lie! But we believe no member of It will cite Cline vs. Greenwood, In support of the legality of the act of the late Legislature, which body not only defied the Constitution and the decision in Cline vs. Greenwood, but insulted the people of Oregon by di rectly reversing their mandate, de livered in the preceding election, when by a vote of 60.591 against 30,243 they declared the number of Justices of the Supreme Court should not exceed the existing constitutional limitation of three. GENERAL. HOWARD. Oliver Otis Howard was the last re maining soldier who had held high command during the Civil War. Many remain, who were younger soldiers, and some even older; but Howard Is the last of those who held very import ant command, during the struggle. Scarcely one was present at a greater number of the critical actions or crises of the war; and, though some times unfortunate, he always retained the respect and confidence of those In highest command. Howard was in the conflict from first to last. He participated In more than twenty great battles and In innumer able smaller engagements. He started in with Bull Run, and came out as commander of the Army of the Ten nessee, which constituted the right wing of Sherman's army on the march to the sea, and then through the Caro llnas, to the final surrender. His only disaster was at Chancellorsville, where he commanded the Eleventh Corps; and In his memoirs he defends himself vigorously by showing that he was rooted to an unfortunate position by absolute and repeated orders. He had lost an arm In the Peninsular cam paign, but his zeal carried him back to the service even before he was phys ically fit for his duty. General Philip Kearney, -who haH lost his left arm In Mexico, meeting Howard at Fair Oaks, Just when Howard's right arm had been shattered, shouted: "Hello, Howard! It's your right arm. "That's lucky. We shall ivnw buy our gloves together!" Kearney was killed a little later at Chantilly, Va., where General Isaac L Stevens, of Washington, also fell. Antietam alao and Gettysburg were among the great battles in which Howard participated, in both with highest credit. After Gettysburg he was sent to the West, and- by sugges tion of Grant, with approval of Sher man, he was appointed to command of the several corps that constituted the Army of the Tennessee. All the his-, tories of the war give accounts of his work, on the march to the sea and on the campaign through the Carolinas. He directed the movements that brought the Union Army Into com munication with the fleet at sea; and riding over to Sherman he said: "General, there's Fort McAllister; we must have it." "How will you take It?" said Sherman. "Give me leave. General," replied Howard, "and I'll carry it with Hazen's division." The feat, one of the most brilliant of the war, wiis completely successful In quick time. In 1874 Howard was sent to take command of the Department of the Columbia. For years he was a familiar figure here. He lived in Port land a long time at Twelfth and Mor rison streets, hut his duty carried him to all points In the Northwest, from California to Alaska and Montana. He led several campaigns against the hostile Indians, chief of which was his long pursuit and many . conflicts with Joseph's Nez Perces. Lieuten ants Wilkinson and C. E. S. Wood were then members of his staff. No service in the Civil War was more try ing than thlj campaign. Iater he held command of the Department of the Tlatte and California, and for a time was superintendent of the Mili tary Academy at West Point. His children were well known here and many who attended the schools with them will remember the family. One of his sons. Major Guy Howard, was killed in the Philippines. General Howard was brought up strictly in the principles of Puritanism, from which he never lapsed. He was a soldier strictly of the Cromwellian order, yet never ostentatious. His name will live In the history of the country. 8TEKL DIVIDEND A BRACER. Predictions were made In Wall street yesterday that the English bank rate would be reduced this week. An advance of 100 per cent since CJctober 1 was so sensational in its proportions that it was almost a certainty that the outward flow of gold would not only, be checked, but the attractive rate would draw gold from other parts of the world. For this reason, unless some unforeseen trouble arises, the bank rate will probably settle back to a normal figure. Whatever may be the iniquities of the tariff that per mits such wholesale plundering of consumers as is engaged in by the steel trust, the good fat dividend an nounced Tuesday undoubtedly acted as a bracer, not only at home but abroad. King Edward Is reported to have been gambling very heavily in steel, and now that the increased dividend has demonstrated the earning power of the stock, the esteemed followers who sneeze when royalty takes snuff, may temporarily cease dumping their American securities on the market. When an excited population makes a run on a bank, there Is always an overwhelming desire to draw money out of the institution. This desire is gratified as soon as It has been dem onstrated that the bank has ample funds to meet all demands. Then the run starts the other way, and the funds flow back into the bank. If England, as reported, became frightened by the over-speculation and abnormally high prices to which stocks were forced in this country, the sup port which has been afforded the mar ket in the past fortnight should have assured her that there is still plenty of money in the American banks. The trouble may not yet be over, but the scare has subsided, and reduction of the bank rate would offer strong assur ance that the British were more fright ened than hurt when they jumped the rate from 2 H per cent to 5 per cent. CONVENING THE GOVERNORS. One of the most encouraging steps Mr. Taft has taken is to invite the state Governors to convene in "Wash ington next Winter. He wishes to see "the whole forty-six" there, he says, and promises to make their stay "memorable and pleasant." Nothing that Mr. Roosevelt ever did pleased the people? more than the meeting of Governors which he convened In Washington. The country has come to understand that It is represented by the National and state executives In a, singularly efficient and desirable way. Our district system of choosing Congressmen and legislators makes each of them spokesman for a frac tion of the public. None of them can speak for the state" or Nation and none of them wish to do so. The Governor, on the other hand, stands for the state as a unit in con trast with the separate sections and interests which find a voice In the Legislature. Of late the Governor in more than one state has appeared as the defender of the public against en croachment of one sort and another. Still more distinctly does the Presi dent represent the Nation. The peo ple are disposed to exalt his office and support him in exercising his consti tutional powers to the last extreme. When the Governors met with the President In unofficial consultation the public believed that wide National questions would be discussed on their merits without resort to underhand tricks or petty quibbling. The same thing will be expected when the meet ing reassembles next Winter. The questions of uniform divorce laws, con servation of resources and waterways, to mention only a few of the Important ones now before the country, can be discussed by the Governors in a way that will afford light and possibly guid ance to Congress. FOR BETTER FARMING. As a dispenser of fatherly, friendly, farming advice, Mr. James J. Hill, like good wine. Improves with age. Some of his statements collide with each other, as, for example, his remarks at Billings Tuesday regarding the mar keting of wheat, wherein he said that he had made money by holding his crop until Spring. This was followed by caution against holding the crop so long "that some fellow down In the Southern Hemisphere, it may be Aus tralia, it may be Argentina, will raise a crop that he Is planting about this time and have It on the market along side of them (the American farmers) before they sell theirs." As Spring is five or six months distant, and the Argentine and Australian crops will both come on the market within the next 80 or 90 days, a literal Interpre tation of the great railroader's re marks might leave the farmer in doubt as to what he should do with his crop. On the broader and more important question of meeting the increasing de mand for wheat and other farm prod ucts with an increased supply, there is much wisdom in Mr. Hill's remarks. The United States is comparatively new in wheat production, when com pared with the old world countries; but so careless have been American farming methods and so slight the attention paid to the conservation of the crop-producing properties of the soil, that today the average wheat yield per acre in this country is less than half that which Is produced in Euro pean countries where the soil has been in use for a thousand years. In actual figures the wheat yield of the United States is about fourteen bushels per acre, while that of Great Britain is more than thirty bushels per acre: These figures disclose a tremendous waste of raw material. Old world lands are improving with age, while ours are deteriorating. There are still many millions of acres of land in the United States that could be used for the production of wheat. But even should none of this new acreage be planted to wheat, or only a sufficient amount to make up the loss occasioned through t:-.e land being diverted to other uses, possi bilities for increase are enormous. The wheat crop of the United States has for a number of years been running between 625,000.000 and 750.000.000 bushels, and this year is about 700, 000.000. If we can produoe.,700,000, 000 bushels of wheat annually by our present slipshod, careless methodj of farming and soil conservation, the adoption of methods used in the old world would In time bring this yield up to more than 1,400,000,000 bushels of wheat, without any increase In the acreage. We may never reach an output of such proportions, as our land is so much more valuable for producing other crops. Unless there is a great economic change throughout the world, we should probably find It more profitable to raise fruit, dairy products and livestock, and buy our wheat from less favored lands. What has been accomplished in other coun tries, however, is good proof that we are falling far short of making the most of our opportunities, and that what is needed in this country, more than an increased wheat acreage, is better cultivation of that which we are now using. A Seattle market dispatch announces that some of the dealers from the Puget Sound city have been over in Oregon "sizing" up the prospective supply of turkeys for the Thanksgiving trade. ' We are Informed that the "dealers here (in Seattle) think 17 cents in Oregon, which means about 19 cents here for live birds, is a fair price for the Thanksgiving trade." The term "fair price" Is of course used advisably. Of course it has no refer ence to any opinion the intending pur chaser of the Thanksgiving turkey might have. Still, with hogs selling at 8 cents per pound on foot, pork 9 to 9hi cents, veal 10 cents, eggs 40 cents per dozen, and everything else in proportion, the consumer Is prob ably in no position to judge what a "fair price" might be. Of one thing he is reasonably certain, however, and that is, that if everything he must buy continues In its upward flight, it will shortly be a case of back to the farm or to the poorhouse. More than 70,000 passengers were carried by the excursion steamers run ning to the Cascades last Summer. Most of this big travel came from the East, and, as the Columbia River scen ery is so immeasurably superior to that of the famous Hudson, it should be well advertised by the surprised tour ists who viewed it. Scenery Is only one of the many natural assets of this' Western country, but from a transpor tation standpoint It Is far from being an unimportant revenue producer. A big whale chasing a school of can dle fish was stranded on the beach at Newport last Friday for several min utes, but succeeded in working its way back to deep water. Tho attraction Was a little late for this season's busi ness, but Mr. McMurray, the beach boomer, can make use of the Incident in next season's literature regarding Newport attractions. He can show visitors the spot where the whale stranded. In defense of the numerous corps of health officers, inspectors', commis sioners and deputies employed to look after Portland's health, the example of Panama is cited, where disease was checked by a corps of medical men. It Is not a very happy comparison. Better than inspectors and health officers are pure air, pure water and wholesome climate. Good roads are good investments. All sums expended Intelligently in the counties of Oregon on the roads will increase land and other values more than the cost of the roads; and there will be comfort and conven ience, ease of movement and immense saving in horse flesh, harness and ve hicles besides. Louis Hill, president of the Great Northern, has been lost in the moun tains again, the second time within a few months. This kind of adver tising would be great for theatrical stars, but in the case of Mr. Hill, its advantages are not clear. He should wear a bell, when he gets off the right of way. Johnson says he expects to wear Jeffries out in the forthcoming fight. There are a few million people in the country who will rest Just as easy, if the "wearing out" tactics are followed to the same length as they were in that famous Kilkenny cat engagement. Because the town of Ballard, recent ly annexed to Seattle, is' not provided with a patrol wagon, it became neces sary for two policemen to convey a drunken woman to the station on a wheelbarrow. There are disadvan tages attached to living in a suburb. Next year, when metered water consumers pay a higher rate, they will not be so eager for meters, but will find it not easy to get rid of them. Why doesn't the newly-born Pastime Athletic Club put in a bid for about $125,000 for that Jeffries-Johnson fight? It needs advertising. Health officials are said to be get ting mighty tired of the milk crusade. But really, what have they done to make them tired? The trig talk of Jim Jeffries and Jack Johnson indicates that either of them would make an ideal Polar ex plorer. Will the city's public wharves be above or below the bridges? People who cross the bridges would like to know. The Japs ought 'to be able to get big concessions as balm for assassina tion of Ito. HEARST'S NEW RESPECTABILITY'. Old Enemies Now Accomplishing; the Impossible by Supporting Him. Springfield (Mass.) Republican. People who are particular about their associates in politics have no end of trou ble over the tricks that time and events play upon them. The arch-fiend of yes terday may today appear in the beatified role of deliverer of the innocents from the raids of Satan's hosts. Is Mr. Hearst really becoming respectable? This is the direct question. He Is a candidate for Mayor, but the attacks upon him in the press of New Tork have ceased. Papers which once exhausted their resources' in the art of denunciation, when dealing with Mr. Hearst's political ambitions, now welcome him as an ally, and the effect Is curious because the short period of five years cover Mr. Hearst's political candi dacies. We can remember back five years. While old Republican politicians like Mr. Depew declare that Mr. Hearst is becoming respectable and deserves the right hand of fellowship, there Is another element that refuses to acknowledge any actual change for the better in Mr. Hearst's character. Yet this element must consent to work with him for the defeat of Tammany. And it is almost im possible to welcome a man's assistance In a desperate undertaking while contin uing to denounce his past record and re fusing to sit with him on the same ros trum. But this almost impossible achieve ment is now accomplished in tho New York municipal contest. The Evening Post performs the maneuver with extra ordinary adroitness. It admits Mr. Hearst to the status of an ally, while withdrawing nothing it has ever said In derogation of his sincerity and alms. One reads: The mora a man like Harst changes, the more he remains the same thing. What ever the alteration of his pose, or the shift ing of his political locality, his essential qualtts are the same that we have known through tho 12 years of their consistent display. N'o one suddenly leaves oil be ln a vulcar s.-If-advertlHer: shakes off the mental and moral habits of a lifetime; or quits being a sensational and reckle-ss agi tator, to become a poised and conscientious public servant. We do not ourselves be lieve that Hearst will be able to keep up the pretense that he is different from the Hearst of 1906 and 1906. As he warms to his campaign, we look to see him reassume the character which he has not really dropped, and fill the air again with, the old truculonce. the old impossible pledjrs, the Inflammatory appeals and the threats. In this way he can best serves the city, be cause in this way he can make his canvass to turbulent and the possibility of his suc cess so menacing that thousands of self respecting and patriotic Democrats will quietly vote for Bannard in order to save the city from both Uaynor and Hearst. That this is masterly logic no one can deny. Because he was truculent and made Inflammatory appeals and threats and offered Impossible pledges, Mr. Hearst in times past was an enemy of the state and society, but today we are told that he can "best serve the city" by being equally truculent, inflammatory, turbulent and menacing. There are prob ably many rather Innocent people who find themselves staggered by reasoning so brilliantly audacious, but they must reflect calmly and soberly upon the prin ciples of practical politics. One sees hero the same dilemma that President Roose velt faced after branding Mr. Hearst as the assassin of President McKinley. Mr. Roosevelt is a practical man, and when he found that Mr. Hearst was helping along the election of Mr. Taft and the defeat of Mr. Bryan, Mr. Hearst was in vited to the White House. Of course. If it should soon appear that Mr Hearst was in grave peril of being elected himself, Instead of serving mere ly as an aid to Mr. Bannard, the situation would call for some rapid readjustments. Put just how the logic would be whipped Into satisfactory shape, In that untoward event passes comprehension. Of only one thing can we be sure. Mr. Hearst is get ting respectable. We all may live to see Harvard confer upon him an LL. D. OFFER TO ANTI -VACCINATIONISTS. Writer SnisgetttH Disbelievers Be Allow ed to Iana by Inoculation. FUYALLUP. Wash.. Oct. 26. (To the Editor.) I have been deeply interested in the recent communications that have appeared pro and con in The Oregonian on the relatives merits of vaccination. There seems to me, however, one point that has been overlooked in the dis cussion that I should like to present. The advocates of vaccination are con fident that inoculation will prove a sure defense against the ravages of smallpox. Their opponents insist that the comparative immunity of recent years is due to greater cleanliness of our cities and the vast increase in the use of the private bath. Now, it ap pears to me that if te community shall make provision for the free vaccination of those who have talth in its efficacy, both sides should be satisfied. If every one of the opponents of vaccination should contract the "disease and die within a year, it could have no 111 ef fects on the followers of Jenner, who accepted the offer of society. This method of dealing with the vexed ques tion avoids even the appearance of wishing to poison one's neighbor's children in order to guard one's own. It is undoubtedly true that some children and adults have lost their lives as a direct result of vaccination, and until medical science has learned to know positively and definitely when the vaccine virus is pure or Impure, and also what effect it will have on the sys tem of any given patient, simple fairness demands that no disbeliever in tho claimed virtues of vaccination shall be made the possible victim of others' opinions. Our state Supreme Court has recently rendered an opinion that refusal of parents to vaccinate their children on demand of the School Board may justly debar them from the advantages of the public schools. It seems to be an utter ly unjust decision. Rather allow those who wish it be vaccinated freely and protect themselves in their own way. Let the unbelievers take their own chances. W. S. VARNUM. pointed Parstg-rnplia. Chicago News. Better a poor man at large than a rich man in Jail. It's one thing to run Into debt and an other to crawl out. The first step towards keeping your mouth shut Is to close it. They who burn their bridges behind them should be expert swimmers. It is difficult to figure your expenses in advance, as fully one-half of them are 'unexpected. If you would be happy keep your. eyes wide open during courtship and half closed after marriage. It's better to deserve success and not have It than to have success and not de serve It, although less pleasant. It is said that a cat has nine lives, but a cat isn't in it with an old cow when It comes to kicking the bucket. Our idea of heaven is a place big enough to make it possible for people to be without neighbors. Bananas the Fruit Food. New York Commercial. From the City of Mexico comes the announcement that London fruit dealers are preparing to ship bananas in large quantities from Mexican to British ports direct and that growers in the isthmian territory and Campech are preparing to so Increase their crops that they can de liver at the seasoard a minimum of 5000 tons of bananas a month; 15 steam ers, it is eald, are now ready to he put into the service between the gulf ports of Mexico and those of Great Britain. The news is iignificant as demonstrating the enormous increase In the consump tion of bananas in recent years through out the civilized world and the coincident lowering of their price. THE! RIGHT TO TEACH RELIGION. Under the Constitution of Orrsron, Pro fessor Howe Hosnt It. . ROSEBCRG. Or.. Oct. 2. (To the Editor.) There seems to be some dis position to deal with the controversy which has arisen at Eugene over re cent utterances of Professor Howe as though the matter were only of import ance to theologians and ministers of the gospel. May a layman suggest that it Is largely a question for fathers and mothers, and a question whether one employed by the state in a position of honor and trust has measured up to the delicate responsibility of his posi tion? Grant for the sake of argument that one may find entrance into the Kingdom of Heaven without a belief irt the doctrine of the atonement, and grant absolutely that Professor Howe has a right to such views on that sub ject and on all other religious subjects as may to him seem proper, yet the practical situation is this: What are called orthodox Chris-1 tian views are held by a large number of the good citizens of Oregon, who are bringing up sons and daughters in what they consider the fear and admonition of the Lord, and at the same time, per haps, looking forward to the time when their children may have some benefit from that great institution of learning which they are helping to support the University of Oregon. These parents are convinced of the inseparable unity of morality and religion religion as thoy severally understand It. if you please and they believe, we will say, that the only guarantee of a sound, wholesome, upright life in this world, as well as of an entrance into the realms of bliss beyond, is to be found in the faith which was brought into the world by him who said that if he was lifted up he would draw ail men unto him. Again, the constitution of Oregon provides that no money shall be drawn from the treasury for the benefit of any religious or theological institution, and the people of Oregon have a right to insist that our educational institutions supported from the public purse shall be free from religious instruction. The basis of such a constitutional provis ion and of such a demand by the people is not that they want no religion, but that the state shall have nothing what ever to do with the providing of a re ligion for them. Inseparably connect ed with this position is the supremely Important and sacred right of the par ent to direct the education of the child along those lines which he deems best for its temporal and spiritual welfare. In view of these considerations, what legal or moral right has a professor employed in the University of Oregon to offer any religious teaching what ever to any student thereof, at any hour of the day? What right would such a professor have to hold up be fore a Jewish student, carefully nur tured in the principles of Judaism, the crucifixion of Jesus as a crime resting upon the Jewish people, branding his race as murderers of the anointed one? Truly, there is a time and a place for everything. It is no answer to say Professor Howe's utterances were delivered after lesson hours. Did he, or could he, divest himself of the prestige of his office? rid he, or could he, for the time sever the sacred. Intangible rela tion of teacher and pupil? Would the susceptible minds of his young hearers give less weight to his words than If they had been uttered during a recita tion hour? These questions furnish their own answer In every candid mind. B. L. EDDY. GEORGE BERNARD SHAW'S PLAYS He Never Loses a Chance to Utter a Commentatory Sarcasm. London Cor. New Orleans Times-Democrat, George Bernard Shaw rarely allows a premiere of one of his plays to pass with out a commentatory witticism. His latest Shawism is apropos the production of a musical version of "Arms and the Man." "If a New York first-night audience can appreciate this opera they are to be con gratulated." he said. The characteristi cally left-handed compliment recalls his dinner-table reference to "Major Bar bara." "Have you seen 'Major Barbara'?" he asked his fellow-diner. "Why, yes, of course I have." "What, even the last act?" "Yes, even that." "Well," replied G. B. S., "that is more than I can say. I myself have never been able to sit it through." When "Arms and the Man" was first produced in New York, an American man. ager cabled Mr. Shaw a report on its suc cess. Shaw telegraphed back: "Keep calm. My plays always succeed with first-rate acting." An amusing sequel to this was his reply to some London amateurs who wished to produce "You Never Can Tell." He wrote: "Dear Sir: Amateurs cannot perform my plays. Professionals cannot unless I am there to help them. By all means, do it. if you. want to, but God help the audi ence." "Arms and the Man" seems to have in spired Shaw with some of his best mo ments. Nothing could have been happier than his observation after its first produc tion at the Avenue, now the Playhouse. At the end of that historic evening he ap. peared before the curtain In response to repeated calls. He seemed embarrassd, however, until a loud and solitary hiss emanated from the gallery. That cheered him. He looked up. He had found oppo sition. "I quite agree with you," he said. "But What are we two among so many?" But Shaw's satire Is not always confined to his own productions. A fair companion sitting beside him In the stalls of a cer tain theater remarked: "Don't you. think the company play splendidly? They have been acting to gether for nearly 11 years." "Eleven years," repeated Shaw. "Haven't we been here longer than that?" Character Tests. New Y'ork Tribune. "Play , cards with a man for an hour, and you will know him better than If you had mot him in the drawing room every evening for a year," says a Ger man writer. But "Sonla," in a recent number of Figaro, suggests another char acter barometer. A never-failing test is the hotel room. The way a man ar ranges his room In a hotel shows whether he has been well reared, what his Ideas of propriety are, whether hie bump of order has been developed, whether he is methodical or slovenly, and one may even know by the way wearing apparel, ornaments and baggage are disposed of In a room which the occupant knows he will remain in only a few days, whether he is thoroughly or superficially educated. "If I had a daughter for whom a young man sued," says "Sonla." "I would have him go to a Summer resort where I could surprise him in his hotel room. In less than 15 minutes my verdict would be rendered on the basis of tho room's appearance." Bottled Snake Enforces Temperance. Kimball. S. D., Cor. St. Louis Republic. A 10-year-old live rattlesnake In a two quart glass Jar Is playing its part in caus ing the drunkards of Kimball to reform. The Jar and snake occupy a place in the Sobek saloon. When a customer appears at the bar who has already Indulged in more liquor than is good for him, the bar tenders quickly push to a position at ills elbow the jar and its reptile occupant. When the tipsy customer catches sight of the writhing reptile, one look usually is enough, and, thinking "he's got 'em for sure," he loses no time in hastening from the place. Unavoidable. St. Paul Dispatch. Poverty is not a luxury," says Tom Lawson, No. it is almost a necessity since the Payne law went into operation. Life's SunnySide Transient Kit. -t-r i-U " w-.iii.-r tiiuj ticket will aliow i.j.-ovt h r? StatltiftAK. nl It-V i.' i.'U. M. at do you want to atop for? Transient To via:' on. .5 dint.iiit rela tives of mine -tl'- J'ukf-s Station Agent-Then s "U l.'ive plenty of time. This tl. k.-t la ...,d for le-xt train. Transient Sen here! I'o yoj know how long I intend to io? Station Agent Not ex.ietly; but I know the Jlnkses! Puck. Dr. William B. Lamb, of Chicago, art enthusiastic automobllist, who Is nt tho Shoreham, speaking of a trip through Manitoba, said: "We stopped at a llttlo inn near the town of Hargravo. I found In the Inn the landlord and another man. They .-at .-id.) by side on a bench. They were botn very old. " 'Excuse tne, landlord.' I said, 'but can you tell me how far it le to Hran.ior. ." "The old man Jumiwd up ami hobbled behind the bar. ' 'Brandy?' he said in a thin quaver. Yes, Indeed, sir; and a very tine brandy It Is.' , M "He put the bottle and glass before me. " 'I asked you," said I mora loudly, 'how far It is to Brandon T " The best brandy, of course, sir,' he answered. "I don't keep nothing but the best.' "In despair I turned from this deaf veteran to the other man on the bench. " 'Look here," I said, 'can you. tell mo how far it is to Brandon?" "The other old man, with a grateful look, rose and limped hastily up to the bar. " Thanks, sir.' be said; 1 Aon t care If I do." " "The shameless grafting that goes on in New York," said the sociologist. Dr. Bol ton Ely Flint, in a recent addreFs, "makes me think of a conversation between two crooked storekeepers. These two men, meeting at the club, shook handa, and tho first said: 'I congratulate you. old chap. That was a splendid fire of yours last Thursday.' The other frowned. 'You're mixed,' he said. 'Not last Thursday; next Thursday." "' A laborer had worked hard all day put ting in several tons of coal. For hla day's hard work he received S2. His way home led him by the open door of a sa loon. Inside he heard the niagio rattle of the dice. A crap game was in prog ress. Getting hold of the bones, the lnhorer placed a dollar on the tablo and "rolled." He lost. He wagered another dollar, with the eame result. Getting up from the ta ble, he said: "Well, easy come, easy go." Kewark Star. Wilbur B. Williams, as speaker at the raw enforcement convention held In Chi cago recently, told a story on a Gas Belt police Judge In explaining how men in such a position had, better be careful as to the company they keep. Ha said coma gamblers, who were brought into this Judge's court, were proven guilty. The judge frowned, the gamblers frowned and marched In funeral fashion out to pay their fines. They were "digging" when the Judge passed them. He poked one of the men in the ribs. ""Well, Bill," he Bald to the gambler, "this Is not the first time I ever dealt with you." "'No, judge," smiled the keeper. "But it the first time I ever came out of the game with your money." said the Judge. Indianapolis Star. Dr. Charles E. Woodruff, U. S. A., haa conducted some Investigations which ap pear to show that the blonde type la doomed to extinction In America. "People take pride in being blondes," said Dr. Woodruff, facetiously, at a din ner in Washington; "but If my investi gations are correct, then this pride is misplaced as misplaced as that of Tim othy Olcott. ."Timothy Olcott, an urchin of wretched appearance, was haled before a Boston magistrate, charged with obstructing traffic by playing ball in Tremont street. " "Can't your parents dress you better than this?" the magistrate asked, looking with disgust at Timothy Olcott's filthy rags. " 'Ma parents is dead,' Timothy blub bered. " 'But you've got some friends, surely?" said the magistrate. " "I've got a brother," the boy answered. " "Where Is he?" "" 'He's at Harvard University," said Timothy, throwing out his chest. " 'Is he in a good position there?" asked the magistrate. " "No," said Tim. "He's In a bottle there. Ho was born with two heads." " Washington Post. How to Give Away a Million. New York Cor. Baltimore Sun. In response to the news, made public by state officials at Albany, N. Y., that a philanthropist of this city sought ad vice as to the disposition of $1,000,000 in some worthy charity, many letters have been written to the newspapers. Here are some of the suggestions: "Start a Mills hotel for women." "Give to the poor, but proud." "Send good orchestras to the public schools and give the children an oppor tunity to hear good music at the most Impressionable period of their careers." "Start a pension fund to protect all workers In their old age." "Establish a real home for aged actors and actresses." "Endow a theater for children one where they may enjoy good and clean shows. When Richard Watson Gilder, the well-known author, editor and sociolo gist, was asked how to glvo away a million, he said: "I have had such poor success in ad vising certain persons how to dispose, phllanthropically, of even more than the sum mentioned that I am not sure I, could successfully advise. Several of our big givers have established bu reaus to assist thein In a wise distri bution of their money, and even they have trouble. "I know a great many ways of doing good with a million, or evon less, but If I should attempt to be specific I would simply fill your columns with a list of my hobbles." Boy Saved From Jnll by Operntlou. pniladelphia North American. Christopher Halln. 12 years old, has been converted from "one of tho worst boys In the city" to one of the best by means of surgery. For neatly a year he has been regarded as a terror, and after a number of offenses finally land ed at the House of Detention, where he was threatened .with beinsr sent to a reformatory. Dr. , William F. Baker in tervened, found tho hoy was sut'ferinjr from a fractured skull and abscess of the brain, tho result of an accident, and operated on him. Now Christopher is home again, normal, sensible an.l as good as gold. Sad for the Ultimate Consumer. Amherst Record. Tho butchers seem to b.i selling steaks now cut from the cow that juiuis-d over the moon. And speaking of hn.s! Any well-brad hog would feel asiiamen of himself on reading the prices charg. d for pork. Eg-;s? At the pivsent price tendencies It won't be long lie due cveiy time a h-?n clucks she will ring up a nickel on her owner's private rash regis ter. Speaking of butler! Well, perhaps it's best not to say too much about butter at this time. The term "golden" as applied to butter is fast acquiring; new .significance.