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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Sept. 8, 1909)
8 (0tnnnnn PORTLAND. OBEliOS. rntered at Port! and. Oregon. Fostofflc Frnrrl-riau Idatler. Subscrlstian Rates Invariably In Advance (By Mail.) . Dally. Sunday Include!, on year . tai.y. Sunday Included, alx months 4-3 rally, Sunday Included, three month:.. r.1 : v. SmtiiIi V !n - ude d- ona mnnth Dally, without Sunday, one year 529 Iai:y. without Sunday. 1 months. 123 rai:y. without Sunday. thre month... Dally, without Sunday, one month.-...-. .0 Weekly, one year 1 Funday, one year '.....'.-....... 250 Sunday and weekly, one year By Carrier.) Dally. Sunday Included, one year. ...... 9-00 Dally. Sunday included, one month....' -"3 Mow to Ramlt-Send posfcofflce money order, express order or personal check on ur local bank Stamps, coin or currency are at the sender's risk. C,l- poftofflc-e ad dress In lull. Including county . and state recta' Rate TO to ! paces. 1 rent: IS to 2 Hf. 2 rents; 30 to 4i pages. A cents; 4 to 6) pages. cents. Foreign postage double rates. Eaatern Bnslnee Office The 8. C. Beck with Sneclal Aeencv Jew York, rooms 48- 50 Tribune building. Chicago, rooms 510-513 Tribune building. PORTLAND, TTE8DAY. SliPT. 7, 1B09 OREGON LEADS TO CONTENTION. When Oregon adopted the direct primary, five years ago, a lot of Ideal ists declaimed this state In .the lead of the "'progressive" movement. They little Imagined that Oregon, In a brief time, would lead the way to restora tion of the convention or assembly. The City of Portland did this last elec tion, forced to It by office-filling fall Tires of the "wide-open," ungulded primary. The state, as a whole, will do the same next Spring, and the peo ple will sanction the middle-course method, between the old-time conven tion and new-fangled primary, Just as the voters of Portland , have done to their satisfaction. .' No other outcome would be possible. Both the convention and the direct primary have- proved their Inefficacy alone. Taken Jogether, however, they will make a working system, which, while ,not satisfactory In all respects, will be practical. The boss-rid Jen convention wlIL nevermore thrive in Oregon, nor in other states where it Is passing. The wide-open primary will be brought more and more within bounds by use of the representative convention. The one will curb the - -abuses of the other. Party voters will - - rely on their representatives in cojj- ' ventlon to select proper candidates and will reject those candidates if the con i ventlon does not make gotid use of the popular confidence. The possibility of the- wide-open primary will make its 'use unnecessary. The representative principle that prevails in all associa tions of life, commercial, religious, and other, w-ill rule in politics. In this matter Oregon Is taking the lea"3. Other states that are wrestling ;with thedect primary trouble, or the prospect of It, have. not reached the ' advanced stage where they can con- slder this combination of convention and direct primary. In some of them It Is mentioned, but that Is all. They are not ready for It as Oregon Is, al-. though they are plainly coming to it, as many of their best observers fore see. t The direct primary, beautiful in theory, disrupts party organization; admits rivals into a party's affairs; multiplies undesirable aspirants for of fice and deters ablest.men from seek ing public positron; nominates by mi nority vote candidates which the ma jority will not accept, and breaks up party Into "factions and groups, which. prevents the united expression -and fulfillment of the majority will. Al together It makes for party disruption and political anarchy troubles that we have always believed we had left ; to other less advanced peoples by the ; grace of our superior methods. Wher ever the wide-open primary is tried, : this record of . disappointment . and I failure is repeated. It is abandonment l of the representative principle the i principle that has raised the English 1 speaking people above others and made it their example and teacher. In yesterday's Oregonlan was printed a comment on. direct primaries from Robert S. Conklln. of New York City, member of the Legislative com mittee that has been investigating direct primaries In other states. Mr. Conklin called the direct primary a "gold brick" and' a "political mon strosity." . In addition to what The Oregonlan published yesterday," he said: In Boston, after ten years of trial, direct nominations are to be abandoned with the . adoption of the new charter In Phtladel- pria the ''machine" ha nominated the can ' dtdate of the Independent party twice, seized the-etirganlzatton and compelled It to rhenge It name. It haa driven the Demo cratic part" out of existence. Practically the same state of affairs exist In. Pitts burg. ' . - Jn Indianapolis not single man of high standing In the community could be Induced to ain through the ordeal of a bitter per sonal fight to secure a nomination, and only old political hacks presented themselves. The citlsens. for the first time In the city's history, are now trying toatet some good' men to run for ortice as petition nominees because the party nominees are Impossible even to consider. -The good people stayed at home In the primary, and the vote of the hangers-on nominated the candidate. In Chicago one Democratic primary bal lot that we have containa 12 names for the voter to select from when he visits the polls on primary day. The man at the top of the column Is almost Invariably chosen for any minor office. ' Instance after Instance of this kind may beUed. Not one single good result, so far ' as the character of the public officers Is concerned, waa pointed out to u In all our travel, The number of witnesses for and ' against the principle of direct nominations was about the same, but the advocates al ways had some' proposed amendment to the exlMlng law to suggest which would remedy " the faults in the system they then had In operation. In no state vu there previous to the In dorsement of the direct primary a regulated primary (uch as we have today. The peo ple who are trying to make this a principle of the Republican party do not .-eallxe what they are doing. If opposition to this means putting the party wide open. I -still be . lleve that it should be fought all alorrg the line let the coet be what it may. If there Is any yielding for,, the sake of expediency it -will bring its bitter regrets later. The Bcpubllcan party, must save this atata from this political monstrosity. "Not one single good result,- so far as the character of the public officers is concerned, was pointed out to us in all our travel." - ' ' Same in Oregon.. The voters have not been abje to obtain satisfactory men for office. In Portland, however. Republican obtained a satisfactory city administration by returning to the 'convention method of selecting candi dates. So welcome was this to the ; xoters that the convention ticket was : accepted by big vote In direct primary i and election. . The New York Legis ) latlve committee should have con- tlnued its Investigation to Oregon. Here it would have learned more than In all the other states put together. and obtained a remedy for the trouble. " POLAND IN OREGON. From one" who signs himself "Finan cial Secretary of the Polish Pioneters of Oregon" The Oregonlan receives a let ter'whlch protests against the reports Dublished in, thts newspaper, to the ef fect that there are three Polish Alli ances in Portland. . This newspaper is unwilling to get Into a controversy of this kind. There are Polish Socialists, undoubtedly; and It Is best to discour age their efforts In our country. But The Oregonlan simply , has wished to report the .feeling of the various rep resentatives of the extinct Polish na tion. ' ' The disagreement now noted among them, in this distant land, shows why Poland no longer Is a nation. Hr factions would not subordinate nor subject - their personal-, and private feelings, their desire for pre-eminence in their own country; to the good of the whole. One' faction and another Invited foreign Interference. So Po land ceased to be. nation. Rejection of the principle of "ma jority rule, was the destruction pf Po land. Each faction of the Polacks wished the state to be ruled by itself. Their "primary law" was based on that Idea and purpose, as ours, in Ore gon, is. Every faction of the leading party In Onegon wishes to be the state, : and insists on it. Faction In Poland waa precisely Jn the same po sition. The Parliament of Poland con sisted of seventy thousand men on horseback. The minority wished to rule. What is to be expected of a par liament of seventy thousand men? It reminds one of the seventy thousand persons registered as Republicans in Oregon, one faction or another, helped by their political opponents- to ' en force minority, rule. . Fortunately there is a strong central government in our country, with au thority and power over all; and the sit uation fortunately is such that outside interference can't be. called in. But for these happy circumstances, Oregon now would be starting another Po land her decline and fall. We wish our Polish friends' in Oregon could agree. But since they never could agree- in Poland, i is not likely they ever,c3n agree in 'Oregon. The Poles are- a brilliant people, brave to the limit of courage and of self-sacrifice; but they can't agree. Such also are the Irish, as brave a race and more poetic, contending for. a thousand years for their own nationality, but split everlastingly into factions; op posing the English, and yet furnishing the soldiers' who have upheld the British Empire on a thousand hard fought fields. Like division of party and sentiment and purpose Is attempt ed in Oregon, by dissolution of the general bonds and purposes that hold the people together for political ac tion, and by substitution of factional and minority purposes fothese gen eral objects. The whole force of "our new system" haa been worked that way; but it will be worked that way no longer' not. in Oregon." Quarrels over non-essentials will destroy any government and any people. RIVAL DISCOVERERS. Lieutenant Peary's announcement that he has. been to the . North Pole does not discredit Dr. Cook's story that 'he waa there first. Both men were seeking the same goal and there is no reason in the world why one should not have reached it as well as the other. Conditions seem to have been exceptionally favorable for arctic travel during the last year or two. If half a dozen explorers had happened to be waiting in high latitudes for a good opportunity to make a dash for the Pole, they might all have' reached It. Each adventurer who tried to fin ish the difficult trip and failed added something to the common knowledge of arctic conditions and helped his successors plan to. overcome them. In this matter, as in a great many others, ultimate success was built upon many previous failures. - . ' . No man has ever solved an im portant problem beset with serious dif ficulties by his sole efforts. Usually one or two Individuals carry off the prize of victory, but if strict Justice were done it- ought . to be divided among the dozens or hundreds who have helped to make its winning pos sible. There is a long list of heroes of arctic exploration, each of whom was fully as able and energetic .as either Peary or Cook. Their misfortune was that they came too soon. ' Their labors and suffering built the road merely. Taking advantage of what they did, Peary and Cook have marched to the goal, and 1 will enjoy Immortal fame, while the men who made .their tri umph possible will, for the most part, be forgotten or remembered, only by mousing scholars. Discoveries and inventions are more of a growth than the sudden achieve ment of any individual, some one per son must of course' give the finishing stroke to a new machine, or traverse the last narrow stretch of undiscov ered territory, but usually that is all the man does who reaps the renown. In. many cases, too, the finishing stroke has been given by two or more geniuses at about the same time. It was to be expected that there should be at least two rival claimants to the credit of discovering the North Pole. Most great discoveries are claimed by more than one person- We- all learned in school to- disclaim positively that Columbus discovered America," but it Is fairly certain that the great Genoese merely repeated a feat which the Scandinavians had done many times before. If our school books told the exact truth, they would avard to Leif Erikson part of the glory which now goes to Columbus. The. Greeks never knew in which one of half a dozen cities Homer was born.' No more do we know in what brains' the revolu tionizing inventions of modern times were- conceived one after another. Leibnitz, . the great German philoso pher, passes as the inventor of the calculus. If he really were the in ventor of it. he would deserve more gratitude' from mankind than any other of out secular benefactors, for the calculus Is the master key to the secrets of nature. But it is perfectly well known that Sir Isaac Newton dis covered the same master key, and used It, by the name of Fluxions, in bis Principle- It was more by an acci dent than for any other cause that the prize for the crowning Intellectual achievement of the ages went to Ger many instead of England. It is usual to say that Fulton in vented the steamboat. AVhat he really 'did was to apply, commercially an in vention which was already old in 1S0T, when his Clermont made her trial trip up the Hudson. A steamboat was run successfully at Lyons, In France, . as early as 1783. The Scotch engineer. Symmlngton, built another In 17S9, which' made a speed .of seven miles an hour on the Forth and Clyde canals.'". A little later John." Stevens, 'of Hoboken, constructed a screw pro peller. All. this took place long be fore the. Clermont was even planned Who, then, invented the-steamboat? Candidly, nobody knows-. Neither does anybody know who invented the tele phone. To be sure, Alexander Graham Bell obtained the first telephone pat ent, but on February 14. 1876, the day when it was Issued. Ellsha Gray filed specifications for the same thing in all essentials. , .... Darwin- Is known as the author of. the theory of evolution by natural se lection, but all scholars know that Al' fred Russell Wallace had developed the same idea in a paper which was1 written before Darwin's , "Origin' of Species" appeared.. Ten years from now w shall be in a similar perplex Ity over the aeroplane.- Wright and Curtiss are already in court upon an issue of priority as to certain contriv ances, and when it comes to the actual principle of the machine it belongs to the late. S. P. Langley. But who ever thinks of him in connection with the aeroplane? Such, is the history of almost every invention or discovery or mucn conse quence. Either .the glory is disputed by rivals or the wrong man .gets it. We need not be surprised, therefore, to see two claimants to the discovery of the North Pole. We ought rather to be. thankful that there are not a dozen. Moreover, the fact that two men claim to have done the deed Inde pendently obliterate the last lingering suspicion that it has not been done at ' MORE SAKOE FOR OFFICIALDOM. Many careless persons have been drowned in tha Willamette .reiver mis season. The tragedies were distressing to klnfolk and shocking to the com munity, as such disasters always are. While several of the drownings might have been,averted, had, the city main- . ) n ,1 i , V 1 1 o dorlmmlnff Vl n t V. 1 T Is stretching the probability too far to say that such baths would have prevented air the drownings. Women and youths lost their lives wno wouia. noc nave o-nna tr. th hath. Their own lncau- tion, leading to cramps or ventures into too deep water, brought tne saa v . . i . r. ... . - - It may. be well' enough to -maintain free swimming baths for reckless boys, but the . question enters how far it is the business rf government to go in safeguarding grown-mp individuals and semi-adults from their own incautlon. Perhaps government ought to ap point a lot of inspectors and commis sioners to move up and down the river bank, warning and forcing swimmers out of cramp dangers and others ut of deep water. Thi would provide, a lot of offices and carry out the pet idea of . many entimental persons' who think It is. more the business of gov ernment to protect the people than for the people to protect themselves. Since there are dangers more deadly than milk. It would seem the clear duty of government to set up -more, offices, to cope with them. Autos are deadly, too, and create a menace to, life that needs surveillance as fully as food germs.' All these life dangers make suffering and anguish as well as mor tality, and afford wide space for ex panding officialdom. " ' . , ' ONE IyOCAX, BKFOKM THAT FAILED. . It hasn't been, many years since there was an uprising of iPortland housewives on the question of ill-kept markets. A whole lot of women some of them genuine philanthropists, some merely reformers, soma subjects for reform took up arms against butch ers and grocers with the avowed pur pose of compelling them to protect fruits and vegetables from the dirt and poison of the street and from flies. Withdrawal of their patronage was the . punishment they promised to mete out for neglect to observe ele mentary cleanliness. ' . Happy results followed. iMost of the obedient and accommodating shop keepers raised the exposed stuff a few inches above the level of the floor and pretended to be satisfied with occupy ing one-half the "sidewalk" Instead of two-thirds, as theretofore. This con cession stopped the, war; also the re form. Does anyone-notice netting to ward off insects? . Would the . food which lumbers sidewalks be. more ex posed to contamination if it were piled up in the middle of the street Instead of Just outside the shop doors? , ' ' ' ' Perhaps "'we ' have been too deeply Interested , in reports of- flying ma chines to give attention to the keep ing of filth out of our stomachs, or ab sorbed with the progress of polar dashes, or tariff legislation, orURen s latest political reform, or Taft'a com ing, or automobillng,. or Summer out ings; buf the fact remains that we have accomplished nothing in the. way of forcing caterers to furnish cleaner fruits and vegetables. . Portland might look for relief In the Health Board. If you don't care a rap about health and cleanliness, you can ask the municipal government- to ex ercise such care. It might fail, also. to work reform, but the attempt would furnish employment to a squad of In spectors .whom the other man pays. What's the use of doing anything ror yourself if you can get government to do it? ' - - ' ., . WHOM OREGON DELIGHTS TO H.ONOR. Inauiry has come to The Oregonlan about the grave of Peter SkeenOgden, of Hudson's Ba,y Company fame, in this region. Ogden died In Oregon City in 1854 and was buried there. The place of Interment is marked, but is without the distinguishing monument that his memory deserves. ' Ogden' was first subordinate under McLoughiin, chief factor at Vancouver whom he suc ceeded in authority In 1846. , After the Whitman massacre by the Cayuse In dians in 1847, Ogden ransomed from the Indians the captive women and children with a sagacity, a zeal and a humanity that entitle him to lasting place among the heroic figures pf Ore gon history. In replying to grateful acknowledgments of George Aber nethy, Governor of Oregon Territory, Ogden said: "And permit me to add. should unfortunately, which God avert. our "services be again required under similar circumstances, I trust you will not find us wanting in going to their relief."- .- Ogden was kin to the Americans, having been born in New York. His father, a loyalist, moved to ueoec after tie American Revolution, where he became Chief 'Justice. Young Og den was to be a barrister, but entered the service of the Northwest Company, on account sof vocal disabilities that, barred him from the law, and on the absorption of that company by Hud son's Bay Company, came to Oregon under McLoughiin. He was a man of great courage, determination, vigor and kindliness of disposition. He con ducted explorations throughout Ore-J gon, Idaho, Nevada, Utah and North ern California. He was such a marl as Americans can be proud to honor. That they will some day do this in a fitting manner there Is no doubt. When the time comes for raising monuments to heroes of OregonPeter Skeen Ogden will be included among the recipients of'honor. ' "You have laid the Ameri can Government under obligation to you," wrote Governor Abernethy, "for their citizens were the subjects of tne massacre, and their widows and or phans are the relieved ones. With a sincere prayer that .the widow s vod and the Father of the fatherless may reward you for your kindness, I have the honor to - remain your obedient servant," etc. This. kindly regard. for Americans characterized Ogden's rela tions with them, even in the most vex ing rivals.' of the fur trade, throughout his career. There are noble figures In Oregon history, and high on the. list are McLoughiin and Ogden, whose flag was British but whose life was com mon humanity. When Oregon' builds its hall of fame, it will place therein along w(th Gray, Lewis and Clark Hunt, Lee and Meek, these two Brit ish-Americans whose sympathies were too strong ..for international lines to sever. - ' WHY SO FEW MARRIAGES? The New York World printed a number of letters the other day from people who sried to answer the ques tion, "Why so few marriages?" Some of the letters were not quite so foolish as others, but none of them was strikingly wise. One man opined that bachelors do .not' marry because women do not learn to cook. .Another averred that "the average young men seemingly eligible for marriage are Im moral and spendthrifts," who prefer their wicked liberty to. a sedate life in homes of their own. A woman gave- it as her belief that her sisters shun matrimony because they have at last found out how double-faced men aret The treacherous creatures, . she de clares, invariably prefer oher women to their wives. Hence it is the point of wisdom to stay with the "other women" rather than the wives The main difficulty In answering the World's question is that it Implicitly misstates the fact of the case. . There is no ground whatever for asking why "marriages are so few." They "are no fewer than thev ever were. There have always been old. bachelors and old maids precisely as there are now. There is no excessive tendency J In either sex to shun matrimony In our time, though marriages are contracted somewhat later in life than formerly Both men and women pay more at tentlon to the comforts Of home than they did fifty years ago. They will not marry into wretchedness and pov. erty if they can help It. For this they, eah hardly be condemned. Again, oughfanybody blame a capable, self- supporting woman for not marrying a man, who expects her to beepme his cook- and housemaid? The solution of 'a, great many puzzling problems connected with marriage and divorce lies in the fact that men and women have begun to apply their common sense-in a realm that was formerly dominated by passion and supersti tion. , From a subscriber at Grants Pass comes this inquiry: "What town within the Willamette Valley, outside of Portland, is doing the most building and the relative cause of that-building?" J The Oregonlan is' unable to make specific answer, for the reason that it is 'not in possession of the facts, and it wouldn't tell -if it knew. In a general way it may be said that every county seat in the Valley Is pushing ahead faster than ever before in its history. Relatively . the Increase in building must be about the same in all the cities. . The contributing cause is the steady gain in population, princi pally by - immigration ' direct to the towns themselves and the filling up of the rich farming sections that support the towns. ' One 'of the surprising things about the newly perfected art of aviation is that it is beginning to be profitable. Inventors, builders and backers of heavier-than-air machines see a return for the money and time they have ex tn Actalt.cViInc thft act that flight ' by man is possible. Large crowds of paying spectators at itnernis nfAeirc fAr fiproTilanes Dlaced" by enthusiastic sportsmen Indicate future dividends. Popular interest nas ueeu ,1 in ITronfA nnrl flprmanv. It is ftl uuacu . . - bound to spread to the United States, Just as It; did with automopnes. . San Francisco is so shocked by "The Girl From Rector's" that its civic or ganizations have Joined In a demand that the play be suppressed. Which shows that it Isn't the same old San Francisco. But how would It do to expurgate the "Girl From Rector's" and appeal to local pride by substitut ing the "Girl From the Poodle Dog?" All the sand , trust does is to take the sand out of the bottom of the river and sell it for two or three times its Thnt'sT plsv money. Yet don't blame the trust too much; It leaves the water alone for ships and Doats ana drownings. . A sick , man means a sick 'stock market. But Harrlman may get well, while the stock market will never1-get over frequent attacks of vertigo and nausea from Its overdoses of "undi gested securities." t (',,.,' tv.j. fashion to hold Re ceiver - Devlin accountable for ' the wretched condition of Oregon Trust af- - .vsi if memorv serves. Devlin aia hot wreck the bank. But somebody did.- ' ' Car nyir.rto.H-fl-' strain threatens. Sounds ominous; yet not so ominous. When there is a car shortage, u is geii- cdIIv if n own what causes it. Can the country do too much business? . Woicrhlntr rnrefullv. all the facts made public up to the hour of going to press, we are inclined to the opinion that Dr. Cook trumpea uomraauoer Peary's ace. ., ' Tho Tnrtinnrl nreachefs say-they are going to shun politics' and avoid all political' machines., pernaps tney win, but no preacher ever did. Be It remembered that' Portland's third "spell" of warm-weather, like Its predecessors, lasted only two days. Th fart that both of them discov ered, the Pole in April is no indication that, either is trying to foql any one. Portland public school children have only Tour days to wait to begin their season of greafjoy. Well, -there's .still tha South Polv TROUBLES OF DIRECT PSIMART. York Comment on Proposal to tn . troduce Them In That Stat. f New York Times. We do not see Viw'men of . sober minds, of common sense, and of some knowledge of politics can ' fail to be Impressed by the testimony it Assem blyman Conklln concerning the work ing and effects of the direct primary laws in the states visited by the spe cial committee, of the Legislature of which he is a member. We have been told, that the' bosses' and politicians are the chief opponents of Governor Hughes' direst primary policy. The voters who are not politicians, the plain people, we are assured, would welcome It as a de liverance from fh.e evils of machine domination. .Mr.' Conklin, has nt found this to be the case quite the contrary. According to the statements made to him by business men and professional-men of " the ' West, men not concerned in politics except as they are concerned in securing decent govern ment, the irect primary is the cause of mora evils than, it' cures. It leads, not to' evils' that we know not of, but some that are only too 'well known, evils that .would' be the curse of our politics and our otvio life if they should become general; We quote from As semblyman. Conklln's statement: . The people of New York State have no Idea of the political anarchy that exists in the Middle Western state. Direct nomlna . tlon have driven parties entirely out of ex istence In many communities. In Wisconsin there I no loner. a Republican party and a Democratic party. - - There are several per sonal tactions, the most proninentot which are the Stalwarts and the Half Breeds. The latter are the followers of La Follette and the former -are his Opponents. Those who were at one time Democrats have disap peared and have gone 'into the Republican party, co-called, to vote at the primaries. There are 'no longer party principles, but only personal views of faction leaders. . To some extent, the same state of affairs exlete In Iowa and Kansas and everywhere else where, this system of direct nomina tion 1 In operation. The minority party ha . been swallowed up. -In every com munity we have visited there nas been but one optrion expressed by the decent, sober, Intelligent citizen, the conservative profes sional man arid that has been .of dis gust and loathing for the political anarchy in which they had been plunged.. .-. -Government by party has its abuses, as we all know. But they are iless serious, less dangerous than those in herent in government by groups.' Direct nominations necessarily Invite' and en courage the building up of groups, of personal fbllowlngs, of organizations in tfupport of Individual ambition or of fads and whims .of. the moment. To the extent that groups , multiply and party power diminishes? the caYrylng ou of any well-ordered and consistent policy in state or- Nation becomes dif ficult and precarious. For the cohesion that' results from loyalty to party there must be substituted a coalition of groups, and that involves compromise, concession, surrender of principle, and bargaining, down, to the lowest forms of political immorality. , Repeatedly so called "blocs" have, been formed and parliamentary support for govern mental pollcfes secured In Germany and in Franca by bargains of this nature. This trading, it must be borne in mind. Is done not with the people, not with the groups themselves,, but with their representatives." It is in the nature of men and of politics, an evil not easily cured. When parties go wrong and lose the confidence of the people, the remedy Is easily applied. The opposi tion' is brought into power. The ills of bargaining and coalition would not be stopped, however, by the election of new group representatives, since when power Is so divided no. group-is strong enough to govern without the help of others, and the bargaining necessarily begins again. - " ' This is the "reform" which direct primaries would introduce in our poli tics. They have introduced It in the West,- where the experiment has been tried. They do hot bring to the front better men as candidates, but worse. Ien of real capacity and of some sense of personal dignity shrink " from the promiscuous .scramble for office which the direct primary establishes as the substitute for convention nominations.. The demagogue finds them altogether to his liking. But some of the men whose reputation as statesmen has been brightest In our history would have been excluded from public life by the operation of such a system. - It is fortunate that in advance of legislative action steps have been taken to ascertain Just how the direct pri mary works. Governor Hughes presents his theories with much eloquence and no little effect. Either in the majority of- the minority, report of the legis lative committee, the people will have put before them actual, facts, and facts are a. safer guide 'than theory. , ' Governed Too Much. HUBBARD,. Or., Sept. 1 (To the Edi tor.) I wish to thank you fan- your timely editorial in Friday's Oregonlan, . "The World Is Governed Too Much." It seems out of place to a man who has worked hard for the last half century to have one of those "state pap suckers" to' drive up to your establishment In a fine vehicle, smoking high-priced cigars, chewing fine cut and using language that would set a Portuguese pirate's teeth on edge with envy, and harrass and' annoy one by or dering him to do this and fix that be cause, as? Shylock says, ''It's 'the law." To a mah who has stood by his furnace door ten hours a day for the past 20 years and who has worked from two to four hours extra a day besides, in order to keap his plant running, such officials c?m entirely out of place, for judging by their appearance they never did a day's work In their, lives. In our opinion we are governed entirely- too much. - J. S. IOD1SK. Busy, Busy' Moon. , Eugene Register. 'These are the nights when the amber moon Impales bespangled earth upon its translucent beams.. . Knowledge. Berton Braley in the Housekeeper. y5. I am 'poor and" gray, and old Lacking alike in strength and gold, . With neither a wife nor child to bless The long hours ot . my Jonellness. And kindly folk look on and sigh, "The poor old man so soon to die," . While maids that wait and men that wos Whisper and ermlle. "He never Knew." Tet ' you do err who pity me I, too, nave uvea in Arcauyi , My stay was brief and year are alow, But, lovers all, I know, I know! Dear, dear, how long ago It- seems. That time of love and rosy dreams; Tet should some' wizard come and say 'Give up your memories today Ani I will grant you youth and health. Glory and power, fame and ,wealth," I would not take his magic fee And lose my thought, of Arcady. Much of mv "dave'ia Daln and woe But 1 can. say, "I know,. I knowr" "V New York ' People's Kitchen Hopes to Make Money at Tbat. ' New York World. . Having cleaned up a bowl, of soup, a plate of meat, a big chunk of bAad. a cup of tea, sweetened with three lumps of sugar, and" a saucer of hot pudding and settled his bill of 1 cents for all of It. Paul Lansky, stood In the doorway of the People's Kitohen at No. 1S5 Division street, at. midday yesterday,, overlooking Rutgers Park, and discoursed on the things that make life' worth while. . "When I get a meal like that Inside of me," he said, "no man can. get away from me on a business deal. I Just won't take no for an answer. A man gets ahead or -not, according to the state of his stomach. I keep well and hearty be cause I eat plain, wholesome food. I won't say I'd come here If I were a mil lionaire, -but probably It would be good for me if I did." "If you were a millionaire, what then?" "Then I'd eat at home, or maybe send out to the delicatessen for tt and get sick." .J " . Several hundred persona on the East Side are as glad as Lansky that the People's Kitchen has reopened its doors and given the self-respecting a, chance to be well fed at $1 a week and still have something left for tobacco,' wherewith to promote the jireams of affluence In which a full stomach Is prone to indulge. Although quite new in its present quar ters, the Kitchen serves about 600 meals a day. It is hoped that soon the number may be trebled. That will mean profit to the promoters and encourage them to start branch, kitchens in other parts of the city and run a sort of feeding trust for the thrifty. ' The. Working Circle sends in 200 chil dren every noon to be fed at the Kitchen, but nearly all the other customers are men employed "In the neighborhood or within easy reach. Some of them are Just getting a foothold here, and want to keep their health to do tbelr best work and save money to bring their families across the ocean. There are 40 or more young men who think the country will give them a chance if they will fit them selves for it, and who spend the evenings In study after working all day. . They stimulate their ambition by a hearty supper at the Kitchen. From 11 to 2 and from .5 to 8 are the serving hours at the Kitchen. Both meals are alike, and. 7 cents Is the price of each. Customers are ready as Boon as the doors are opened, and from then on they keep the waiters' busy. The man agement arranges the bill of fare and lays at each - place the, regular meal. This saves time in service and customers don't have to puzzle over a choice of food. ' "We intend to serve meals as close as possible to cost.'.' said Manager 8. Zech nowitz Vesterday, In talking, of the pur pose or the enterprise. "Just now we lose 'a little, because 7 cents Is not enough for a meal when only 60Q are fed. There wlir be profit when we feed 15X, as we did when we had the Kitchen running) be fore In Chrystle street. "The association was organized for business. -It stands by Itself, the same as any other business. All the organizers happen to be Socialists, but the Socialists' Local has nothing to do with the Kitchen, which has been started to make a little money by feeding a great many persons." TO REVIVE THE OI,D SPELLING BEFS Indiana Teachers Will Try the Plan of the Good Old Days. - Indianapolis Star. The old. time "spelling-bee" is to be re vived in Indiana schools this year, with the hope that the school children will thereby attain that perfection of spelling which is boasted by the products of' the schools of the "good old days."- Furthermore, the uncles and aunts and the fathers and mothers of the present day pupils will be invited to spell down the school children and determine if they have a right to condemn present systems of teaching. ' 1 ... .: ' , This Is one of the points brought out In the new course of study which has been prepared by R. J. Aley, superintendent oj public instruction, and which will be dis tributed nmong the 18,000 teachers of the state soon. "The charge is frequently made," says Dr. Aley,' "perhaps with much good rea son, that pupils nowadays do not spell as well as their fathers and mothers did In the 'good old days." The spelling school was an institution that undoubtedly was an aid in gaining efficiency. "A revival of the old-time 'spelling bee' might prove to be both profitable and en joyable. Why uot call the fathers and mothers, uncles and aunts, and settle the question In Indiana whether our boys and girls are as deficient in this Important branch of study as some would have ub believe, they are? j "It would increase the community Inter est, aid in making the school the social center and bring parents and teachers Into closer relationship and help in mak ing better 'spellers." SEND HIM HOME BEFORE' 10:30. Advice to a Young Woman Concerning; Her "Beau." Betty Vincent in Chicago Journal. A young- girl, writing to me for ad vice, asks how late she . may with pro prlety stay out in the evening when accompanied by a mule escort. I am afraid she will think me overstrlct when I say that I think a young girl who has simply gonefor a walk or a trolley ride with a young man should be In her home before half past 10. Of course i realize that if she Is at tending a little party or has gone to the .theater, to .return at the hour I mention would be Impossible. But In all cases' a girl should be able to reach her own home by midnight. After-the-theater suppers are bad for the health, and the nlghtf -.restaurants were never made for modest, sweet young girls. If the girl's mother or father plans to wait up for the return from the theater, why not make a plate of sandwiches and have a pitcher of milk or lemonade ready for a little midnight feast at ' home? With the chaperonage of a girl's mother or father it would be qul,te proper for her escort to Join, the family circle for half or three-quarrrs of an hour.. When young men are calling upon a young girl In her home in the evening they should leave before half past 10. The uie should be distinctly under stood, and a girl should not hesitate to remind delicately any young man, who is transgressing lt. ',- "Dry" McMlnnvIlIe. McMInnvllle Telephone-Register. The - Telephone-Register has been asked on numerous occasions: "Why don't 3ou blow up the fellpws who are responsible for- all the drunkenness In McMInnvllle" every Sunday and every other day?" Why. indeed, does the newspaper not constitute, itself com plainant, prosecutor. Judge ar - Jury and correct all the evils existing? It's up to higher authority than the news paper. Shriek at AH Vaaaeniby. - Savannah (Ga.) News. The Commissioners of the District of Columbia have ordered that there shall be an abatement of the billboard nuis ance -'in the City of Washington. Neither Washington nor any other city can become beautiful as long as maud lin billboards are permitted to shriek and Jeer at all passersby. Tvro Aspect of Conservation. Milwaukee Evening Wisconsin. In the broadest aspect the so-called policy of conservation makes a strong appeal to every prudent man; but pruJ dent men cannot applaud disregard for vested rights. Prudent men will advo cate : conservation . of American insti tutions, -- ' Mr. Docley on Flying Machines By F. P. Dunne. ' "Well, sir," said Mr. Hennessy, "I'd like to come back a hundred years fr'm now an' see what has- happened since I was away. Think lv th' changes that'll be made In th' flyln' machines." I don t wnat to tninK aDoin.,ui uyin machines;" said Mr. Dooley. "Ivry time I think lv th' flyin" machines I think iv th' Wright brothers an' whin I think lv th' Wright brothers it makes me mad. What have, they done, says ye? Why they've disgraced us. They've lowered us in th' eyes iv Europe. They ylnt over there an' behaved just as t,hey wud at home. Think iv a man fr'm Dayton actin' to'rds a king th' same as he wud to'rds th' Mayor lv Dayton. "We're humilyated. It's goln' to be a hard thing f'r us to regain our' pres-teee. An' how we've Wurruked f'r it. As I've often told ye, a few years ago 'twas im possible, f'r to distlnguiph an American Ambassadure fr'm a waiit'r. They wore th' same clothes, both perspired freely an' both were eager an' obllgin' an' afraid they weren't doin' th' right vthing. I don't blame th' signs lv a haughty arry- tocracy f'r whistlln" at-thim an' ordhrin' ham an' egs. But today, thanks to th' pathritism lv our diplomatic sarvice, there's no excuse f'r anny pathrlcyan makln' such a break. Our diplomats nas , -j nlaced thimsilves on a footing where they command resplct. Th' rule in coort circles ie: 'In findin" th' American Am bassadure look at th' legs. Nlver mind th' head. If th' hireling ye have ordhered spare ribs an' spinach fr'm has on knee breeches cancel th' ordher. Th' man Is th' American Ambassadure.' ' "Americans lv th' betther class ar're re ceived nearly lvrywhere. They can be found outside lv th' most exclusive clubs. . They aven Invade an' are welcome In th" v sacred precincts iv Exeter Hall. There are ' almost as manny Americans as English men at th' sellct Ango-Amerlcan Club ex dpt on th' nights whin they have dinners. There they mingle on an akel footing with some lv th' most retired brigadeer gin'rals fr'm th' British army. "Ivrywhere they were received kindly be th' best blood iv Europe ontil th' Wrights wint over an, disgraced thlm. Th' Ameri cans livln' over there thrled to do lvry thing f'r these deluded ydung men.- Why, Sir, wan . iv th' leaders lv t American s'cloty In London got Wilbur Wright a Chanct to meet th' Duchess iv Dorking. It was this way: Th' American lady had been honored with th' job Iv tendln' th' American bar at a bazaar f'r th' binlilt iv th' Anti-Foreign League lv British Gintlewomen. She was approached be th' Duchess, who spoke as follows: 'My dear, I can't recall ye'er, name, nor wish to. but won't ye bring those wondherful -American Wrights to lunch tomorrah?" Bays she. 'Oh, ye'er grace," says th' queen lv American s'clety, 'we have been so long away fr'm th' States that we don't know hardly annywan there. Who are thee Wrights?" says she. "They come fr'm some placed called Oheeo, ' Dayton, or Dayton, Oheeo. Ye have such amusin' names f'r ye'er cities,' pays t li Duchess. 'Oh, ye mane Dayton, Ohio,' says th' American arrystocrat. 'We iv Cincinnaty know very few people in Day ton. 'Oh, but,' says th' Duchess. t 'ye must know those dear, delightful Wrights, who've invlnted those darlln' flyln'. ma chines. Ye must bring thim to me. Ye needn't mind comin' with thim, If ye don't want to.' says she. Weil, will ye believe me. Wilbur Wright wudden't go. No, sir, he said he had to make some- repairs in th' machine an' he thought he'd etir round a couple lv hard-hiled eggs an' a piece lv pie in th' machine shop. "They were ast to go to places that some lv our stateliest ripristnta'tives abrood on'y knew bo name an' they wudden't go. Thousands Iv Americans busted into s'clety be pretlndliV that tliey come fr'm Dayton an" knew th' Wrights. They slnt over to this counthry an' got copies iv Googan's Histhry Iv Dayton fr'm th' invention iv th' cash registher to th' pristnt'day, so that whin a noble ' said: 'ye ar-re fr'm American. Tell me something about Dayton,' they'd not be embarrassed an' perhaps fired out lv th"' houso as Importers. But they cud do nawthln' with th' Wrights. These foolish young men wlnt on hammerin' away at T their flyln' machine and whin th' King Iv Spain ast to be led to thim an' an American mlilyonalre told thim lv th' honor that was goin' to be hurled onto thim they said: 'Oh, ' is It that whorper Jawed young follow? Well, bring him over." An' whin this here exalted mon arch deigned to speak to thlm they said: 'I didn't quite catch th' name. Oh, th' King of Spain. Glad to have met ye.. If ye'U excuse me I'll go on with our wurruk. Boy, go an' fill that can with , ile wlijle I'm puttin' on me overalls." An' there ye ar-re. It will take a, long time before th' bad Impression created be thim will wear off." r "D'ye think we'll all be flyln' eoon?" asked Mr. Hennessy. "Faith, I don't know." said Mr. Doolcy. "Ye ntver can tell what this here dhmll little race lv men will do. We've gone a long way. Man can fly now almost as well as a hen with a busted wing. But don't think th' kind iv flyln' we'll lv:r do will look much like rale flyin' to a wild goose goln' South with hie fam'ly. If I was a flyln' machine man, .buinpln' around in a conthraptlon made Iv steel an' wood an' canvas an' run be gasolene, an" called it flyln', I'd be ashamed to liok a goose, in th' face. What I'm afraid iv is that these here flyln" ma chines will make, us a Joke among th' bur-rds lv th' air. Up to Jhis time they looked up to us whin they looked down on us an' see th' wondherful things we cud do with our feet. But what'll they say whin they see we don't fly anny more gracefully thin they walk? P'haps win they see a flyln' machine In th' air, they don't think we're flyln.' They think there's been an explosion In a machine shop." "Well, annyhow," said Mr. Hennessy, "I'd like to come back a hundred years fr'm now an' see how It all comes out." ' "Ye wud," said Mr. Doolcy, "nn' I'll bet ye this, that If ye come back on Monday, two - thousand an' nine, nn' I come back on Choosdah an' meet Hngan an' ast him what ye ar-re doin'. he'll say: 'He's got a good Jnh at a dollar an' siventy-flve a day, wheelln' a barrow In a flyin' machine foundhry." An' thin I'll have to start a liquor shop again to give ye th' only taste lv flyln' ye ll lver have." (Copyright, H. H. McClure & Co,) To a Katydid. Frank Dempster Sherman In Suci-es Magazine. Somewhere In the Hover, ' 1 1 When the twlllRht falls. There's a gipsy rover Who forever rails In an aggravating. Nervous kind ot cry, Jut reiterating: ' Summer goes. Good-bye! Nonsense! Who believes you? In the clover hid. What is It devolves you. ' Gipsy Katydid? . Bee are making honey. Birds are making song; . You are being funny. Or my guess Is wrong. Still you call, and still you Warn, me it 1 3.-; Tell me. Gipsy, will you. How you chance to know? You're an arch alarmer In the clover lost: Quoth your friend, the farmer, 61x weeks more to frost! Careful, little hlnter. In your clover ?hack! " Watch out lest Old Winter Happen on your track! If by any fate he. Catching at a clew. Finds out Just what Kary . ... Old, good-bye to you