Morning Oregonian., July 01, 1909, Page 8, Image 8

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THE LDnTATIOS OF K.NOWLEIX3E.
"Why," asks a reader, "do you dog
matize about the origin of life, or
question the limits of the Divine
Power?" Will the Inquirer excuse ua?
We think we do nothing of the kind
What we do protest is the effort to
force upon the credulous mind a theo
logical dogmatic that attempts to ex
plain the orlsln of things and the
finality of things, and to support both
theories by the formulas of creeds
which; upon historical or rational In
quiry, are not even plausible.
On the other hand It Is easy enough
to talk about the origination of life in
germs and protoplasms; but when you
have traced life back thus far you
know no more about the origin of life
than before. In our experience par
ticular cells for convenience call them
paternal and maternal must unite for
development of the active life princi
ple; but in all cases it is not so
that is, we do not tlnd It so; for, so far
as we can tell, many of the lower
forms of life are not dependent on this
union for their propagation. Each
and every theory only throws the
origin of life further back. But life,
so far as we can tell, can have no ex
istence except in connection with mat
ter. The secret of the development we
cannot even guess at.
Now revelation, so-called, throws
no light on this mystery; for all rev
elation is through man, and nothing
more can be revealed through man
than Is found in man himself. He Is
as a poet expresses It, -Himself the as
tonished talker and the tale."
Upon this mystery no method of
human divination sheds any light at
all; and the theological argument, or
the teleologlcal argument, is as hope
less as the rest. It may help to sus
tain the spirit, but it gives no definite
answer; and the answer it attempts to
give In one age la not good for the
next.
If "dogmatism" be talked about,
the objection lies against the argu
ment pushed by theologues and eccle
siatlcs, who profess to give a sure ac
count of the origin and destiny of man
that Is to say, an explanation of
what man never can know.
Will It be said that this lands us In ag
nosticism? But Is It different frnm h
Inquiry in the Book of Job about this
same secret: "It is high as heaven;
what canst thou do? Deeper than
hell; what canst thou know?" The
Oregonian submits that it has not dog
matized. It has at times made some
protest against an ecclesiastical dogma
tism, which professes to expound sec
rets or mysteries far beyond human
knowledge.
SOME UNNECESSARY ALARM.
For more than ten years, the North
ern Pacific Railroad has been hauling
wheat out of competitive railroad terri
tory east of the Cascade Mountains,
through Tacoma to Portland. Last
-iKiuAiuiaioiy n. minion Dushels
were handled In this manner. It is
needless to say that the railroad com
pany would have much preferred to
deliver this wheat at Tacoma. instead
of incurring the expense of hauling it
an additional 145 miles; but the owners
of the wheat insisted on having it at
Portland, where ocean tonnage was
plentiful and cheap. If the Northern
Pacific had refused to haul It. the O.
R. & N. would have brought It In over
the water-level grade. These condi
tions are occasionally reversed, and
there Is Idle tonnage to be filled on
Puget Sound. The O. R. & N., in the
past having had no line to Puget
Bound, has successfully evaded railroad
commission orders, and refused the
supplications of shippers for the same
rate to Puget Sound that the Northern
Pacific made to Portland.
With the recent agreement by which
all roads have a mutual right to track
age facilities between Portland and
Puget Sound, the Harrlman road has
at last been forced to give the same
rates to Puget Sound that the Hill
roads give to Portland. Quite natural
ly the O. R. & N. will haul no more
wheat past Portland to Puget Sound
(unless the Columbia bar shoals) than
the Northern Pacific has hauled past
Tacoma to Portland, but the mere fact
that such a proceeding is possible has
caused a great wail of anguish down
where the tide comes in. The As
torlan (newspaper) finds that "the
head traffic man of the pet Portland
railway system" has been bartering the
wheat business of the Inland Empire
away from the Columbia River and
Valley to the shipping ports of Puget
Sound rather than send it to a nearer
home port on a down-grade haul, and
this at the behest, and with the com
mercial sanction of the City of Port
land," etc.
Our mournful friend at the entrance
of the river is sure that the State of
Oregon is now "cinched to the Sound
ports" and that the "cheap Jealousy of
Its metropolis" is responsible for the
"cinching." The only ray of sunshine
that appears In the Astorian's dark ti.nd
Tloomy view of the situation appears In
the statement that "It begins to look
as if the shipping business of this state
will never be recovered to the Colum
bia until Astoria Is given the common
point and sends her agents out Into the
producing centers and to Europe to
put mis anomalous and high-binding
programme squarely before the ship
ping world."
Cheer up, brother, cherries are al
ready ripe, and the bathing Is fine.
Yesterday was the last day of the fiscal
year, and the returns are now In for
triA fnrclffn rmalnotna fnifhA n . - ... 1 ..
d -- . vm v - jaoi, ivvrifa
months. During that period Portland J
snipped ou per cent or all the wheat
that was sent foreign from the Pacific
Northwest, Tacoma, Seattle and Ever
ett shipping th remaining 40 per cent.
For the twelve months ending June 30,
1908, Portland shipped but 46 per cent
of the total amount of wheat exported
from the Pacific Northwest, and Se
attle, Tacoma and Everett shipped 56
per cent. The highly satisfactory gain
for the year ending yesterday was
scored before the new North Bank
road had figured in the wheat traffic
of the Northwest, and as the Port of
Portland has equalized all cost of get
ting a shin in and nut of tv,o r!ir c
j that charter rates are the same as' oh
I Puget Sound, the railroads will strain
a. puiui, wnerever possible, to avoid the
extra 140-mile haul to Puget Sound
and deliver the wheat at Portland.
THE PRESIDENT'S MISTAKE.
It is not surprising that the propo
sition known as the corporation tax is
resisted throughout the country, and
that the effect is manifest in general
remonstrance addressed to the Senate.
For It is not a fair or just tax. The
corporation is a legitimate instrument
or method of doing business. It is a
necessary method and it is wrong to
penalize it. Corporate abuses are to be
restrained by law. But to single out
the corporation for special taxation
and allow Individual or partnership
business to escape, is not Just. The
President has made a mistake. An In
come tax would deal with all alike. But
the idea of a corporation tax is based
on the purpose of discrimination
against the multitude of stockholders
in every legitimate business. The Pres
ident has not thought the proposal out
to its consequences. It would be a
most unjust form or method of taxa
tion. It is not helped by the frank avowals
of Senator Aldrich. He will support
it, as a means of tiding over the effort
to secure the reduction of protective
tariff and to prevent the enactment of
an income tax. Aldrich wants no re
duction of the protection schedules.
He wants no tax of incomes that would
reach the great Incomes of the coun
try. It Is a disappointment, indeed, that
President Taft has proposed this pe
culiar, one-sided and unjust tax. It is
open, moreover, to every constitutional
objection that can be proposed against
the income tax; and besides it is open
to the moral objection that It would be
unequal and unfair. It would do gross
violence to the country's sense of jus
tice, and, therefore, could not stand.
The argument made for It by Senator
Aldrich, the reasons he has given for
his support of It, should alone suffice
to compass its defeat.
USES OK PARTY.
Mr. George I. Brooks writes to The
Oregonian a letter (dated June 29), of
which the following are the principal
parts:
VeruMng your leading editorial in Tho
Oregonian today, on the parties, the thought
came to my mind how prone is mankind
to set up idols before which to fall down
and worship. I cannot believe that you
fall to see and know what has been the
perfidy and the hypocrisy of political par
ties In this country. Knowing that every
mistake, every corruption. every rascality
and every theft which has resulted In the
Injury of the people of the United States.,
as a nation, has been the result of the
manipulation of the machinery of political
parties, I cannot believe that you In your
heart . can really believe that the . main
tenance of strong partisan political organ
izations In this country Is wise.
Talk about national parties and local
parties parties of all kinds and ages, with
very rare exceptions in times of great stress
or. vital questions, are and have been
merely organized rapacity, to take power
and pelf from the other fellow. Your Re
publican is not and never has been any
more of a nationalist than la and has been
your Democrat. Parties are to befuddle
and rob the fool; nothing else.
We suppose this writer to be a So
cialist, both from these remarks and
from a further assertion In his letter,
that "party is the modern means em
ployed by the feudal lords in this
democracy to rob the mass of men of
the fruits of their labor and to con
centrate wealth In the hands of the
few." This Is part of the current So
cialistic lingo.
But the party system, though liable
to abuse, and in need of continual re
straint, is Indispensable as a means of
effecting political action. There Is no
other. In a democratic republic. Of
course, no man is compelled to be a
constant follower of a party.- In the
course cf their lives, at one time or
another, all or nearly all are occas
ional "bolters." One may "vote the
ticket," or not, as he pleases. The
Inconspicuous citizen will not be ques
tioned; the conspicuous citizen will be
Judged by his apparent motives and by
the reasons he gives. Nobody "wor
ships" party, but the services of party
to liberty and to po'pular government
are Indispensable. For It Is only
through party that great abuses are
corrected or great dangers averted, In
popular government. For evil and er
ror iwill always unite. How are they
to be conibatted without union against
them? Even party prejudice has its
uses. It often helps to carry men to
the right side; as when opposition to
the Democratic party carried men of
former parties over to the anti-slavery
cause; or when Republicans by thou
sands were made anti-silver men, by
their party platform.
Abuse of party Is no excuse for re
fusing use of party. The question al
ways is, "To what extent should a
citizen subordinate himself in order to
co-operate with a party?" Each one
must determine that; but he who iso
lates himself or acts a disconnected
part will effect nothing.
BRITISH WAR RISKS.
The British war scare over a possible
German . Invasion has reached the In
teresting stage where the statisticians
are figuring on the possible commer
cial loss that will be suffered. The
statesmen and diplomats have many
times made up the estimates as to the
probable war cost of th imneninn.
conflict. The London Fortnightly Re
view ia a recent issue printed some
figures compiled by Sir Robert Gif
fen. who Is credited with rnr sr
thority on such matters. These figures
jjiace me approximate annual value of
the maritime trade of Great Britain
that would be Riihiect tr wo. n....n
at $10,000, 000, 000., Approximately one-
jiaaj. ui tms immense prize, which
would be exposed to capture In the
first twelve months of a war. Is cred
ited to Imports and exports, not In
cluding bullion and specie to the value
OI SZb,UUO,000.
The value of shipping, steam and
sail. Including bunker coal and pro
visions, is placed at 1.060,000,000.
These immense values convey a very
good idea of the tremendous property
lnterests that are at stake In case of
war. Behind that almost fabulous
amount of real tangible property lies
the prestige, power and progress of
the British Empire, an Intangible asset
which for hundreds of years has en
abled her to win the great prizes of
commerce in competition with all the
world.
Germany, .-with a rapidly Increasing
population, has had a few slight tastes
of over-sea conquest and has relished
THE MORXIXG
them. As Germany's rapidly Increas
ing population is hemmed in from all
but northern seas, and is seeking new
fields for conquest and commerce,
there is naturally much in the situa
tion that can hardly fail to cause
statesmen and statisticians as well as
diplomats to work overtime devising
ways and means for postponing what
now seems to be inevitable.
MORE ABOUT VESALIUS.
As we rather expected, Mr. O'Hara,
in his rejoinder today, disposes of An
drew D. White by saying that some
person has "shown him up" and that
he cannot, therefore, be regarded as
"a serious historian." Notwithstand
ing this direful sentence upon a great
writer and a truthful historian, we
shall venture to rely upon his authority
just as we did before. For instance,
in the matter of Pope Boniface's
decretal which banned dissection, Mr.
O'Hara says he has the document be
fore him as he writes and that "it has
no reference to dissection." It may
be impolite to intimate that Dr. White
also had the decretal before him as he
wrote, but such is undoubtedly the
fact, and it is quite likely that he was
fully capable of understanding it. At
least, we shall continue to think so
until some better reason is advanced
for believing the contrary than we
have seen yet. Dr. White and his
admirable work have been abused and
maligned, but it remains for any per
son to show that he has not stated the
facts as they were in all essentials.
As for Vesalius. the effort to rob him
of his glory as the founder of modern
anatomy will hardly succeed, for here
again the facts are too numerous and
accessible to permit it. The Grand
Dictionnaire Universelle speaks of
him flatly as "the creator of an
atomy." and adds that his book,
De Corporis Humani Fabrica "pro
duced a complete revolution in
anatomical science." Senac says of him
that "he discovered a new world" In
science, while Haller, the famous Swiss
anatomist, declares that Vesalius' book
"surpassed everything which had been
written before It appeared." German
writers are of the same mind about
him. Brockhaus' Konversatlons Lexl
kon calls Vesalius "the founder of
modern anatomy," and goes on to say
that "his book began a new epoch in
the history of anatomical science,
which was really originated by him
(die eigentlich erst durch Vesalius
als solche begruendet ward)." In re
gard to The Oregonian's statement that
"surgeons were persecuted" and so on.
It may be sufficient to the unprejudiced
reader to quote from Larousse, In con
firmation of Dr. White, the remark
that In Vesalius' time "the law pur
sued dissections as odious profa
nations," law here meaning both ec
clesiastical and civil law. Moreover,
all the historians agree that the In
quisition condemned Vesalius to death,
and it is pretty well established that
the charge against him was merely
trumped up for the occasion. It may
be as well here to correct Mr. O'Hara's
statement that Vesalius was accused
of dissecting a living man. The charge
was that while he was operating on a
supposed cadaver the heart was seen
to tremble under the scalpel. Still he
"was stupidly condemned to death"
and It was with some difficulty that
commutation of the sentence to a pil
grimage to the Holy Sepulchre was ob
tained. One word more to correct the im
pression which may have been ob
tained from Mr. O'Hara's previous let
ter that Vesalius learned his advanced
views of anatomy from Sylvius. The
fact is that Sylvius, while he did some
good work In anatomy, was still a fol
lower of the theories of Galen which
Vesalius exploded. After Vesalius'
book was published, Sylvius pursued
him with malignant and relentless
hatred. In truth, all the professors of
anatomy at Bologna and elsewhere,
before the epoch-making work of
Vesalius. taught the silly fancies of
Galen about the structure of the hu
man body. Sylvius was so devoted to
the ancient authority that when he
dlscoyered a structure which Galen
had omitted, he declared it was ab
normal. But what Is the use of arguing about
these subjects? Every person who
knows anything at all about the his
tory of science Is aware of its con
dition in the dark ages when Investi
gation was under the control of the
theologians and the search for truth
was punished as a crime. .
FOREIGNERS' FOODSTUFF PROBLEM.
In lieu of an admission of the re
markable scarcity of wheat supplies in
Europe, some of the foreign trade pa
pers explain present high prices as
due to the political situation. Depend
ence of Great Britain on other coun
tries for such an overwhelmingly large
portion of the breadstuffs annually
consumed In that country Is one of
the most pronounced features of the
British economic system. With so
much fear, real or imaginary, of im
pending conflict With Germany, it
would not be surprising if an attempt
should be made to lay in stocks for an
emergency. But, despite the prevalent
high prices which the foreigners are
paying for wheat, there has been no
accumulation of stocks in excess of
immediate requirements.
All of that old-time confidence with
which the foreigners hammered down
wheat prices on the faintest showing
of weakness In this country has disap
peared. In its place has come a fever
ish desire to buy wheat wherever it
can be obtained at prices which for
many months have been either on a
parity with or slightly above American
quotations. That the present abnor
mally high prices are due more to the
conditions of supply and demand than
to any war scare Is shown In some
very Interesting figures printed in the
current number of the Northwestern
Miller under a London date of June 9.
These figures show the total stocks of
wheat on June 1 at nine of the largest
port3 in the United Kingdom to be but
760,600 quarters, compared with
1,427.000 quarters on the same date
last year, and 1,087,910 quarters on
June 1, 1907.
The same authority places the
world's visible supply of wheat on
June 1 at 11,275,000 quarters, the low
est figure reached since 1897, the year
In which Letter began the foundation
for his 189 8 corner. An interesting
feature of this world's visible Is noted
in the fact that while the figures are
500,000 quarters less than those of a
year ago, the average English price Is J
sninings per quarter higher. Per
haps it is in these dwindling stocks
that we may find the explanation of
the action of the Liverpool market in
defying precedent by advancing in the
face of steady declines in Chicago, the
world's greatest wheat market. The
situation must be nearlng a climax,
for within thirty days new wheat in
considerable quantities will be coming
pa the American markets. It will be a
OREGOXIAX, THURSDAY,
bold gambler that will hold back his
wheat for higher than current quota
tions on new-crop offerings.
The Oregonian has had little oc
casion to approve the course of Mavor
Lane during his term of office, since
he is not a man whose judgment in
business or opinions in politics it ever
could approve. Perhaps It has been
unjust In its supposition that a man
who never has been successful in any
thing else could be successful as
Mayor of Portland. Dr. Lane is a
man who will agree with nobody on
anything. Even Governor Pennoyer,
with whom he had much in common!
had to part company with him. He has
been posturing throughout- his term
as Mayor; he admits it himself. To
this extent he has been true to his
natural character, which, moreover. Is
one of general crankiness. He has
been an obstructer of many things,
which ought to have been pushed along
for the good of the city; he has as
sumed that everything that a "corpor
ation" proposed ought to be checked
or defeated, and that this was the way
to popularity. He is of so contentious
a nature that few can agree with
him, and they who can agree with him
are persons of mighty little conse
quence. Almost every department of
the city's affairs he leaves "In a mess,"
to be straightened out. His election
was an absurdity, that surprised every
body who knew Portland or had
known him. It was a freak of the
electorate, such as sometimes occurs.
But The Oregonian will not say much,
for It has no desire to be unkind In Its
criticism.
A cable from Calais says that three
French- aviators are waiting on the
French coast for a favorable opportu
nity to attempt an aeroplane flight
across the English Channel for a prize
of $5000. The cable says that "French
torpedo-boats are being held In readi
ness to aid the aviators in their flight
and rescue them in case of need." It
is easy to understand how it could be
possible for the torpedo-boats to res
cue the daring Frenchmen after they
have fallen In the water, but unless
they pass out a towMne it is difficult
to nuderstand how the boats can "aid"
them in their flight. Experiments
with the aeroplane floating above the
earth have not yet demonstrated that
it has reached a stage where it is safe
to use it in flying acros anything wider
than a river, and It is not Improbable
that the near future will find a new
kind of ship lying in the ooze at the
bottom of the English Channel along
with a good many other ships that
were never built for flying.
The Government has made a
demand on the National depository
banks for $25,000,000, which is need
ed at Washington to prevent exhaus
tion of the working balances. The
call Is made at an unfavorable season
of the year, for crop-moving time is at
hand and the demands of the country
for the next three or four months are
larger than at any similar period in the
twelve months. Fortunately for the
country, however, the banks are pretty
well equipped for taking care of busi
ness without the aid of Government
funds. The country is so rich and re
sourceful that for many years our pro
ducers will make money so much
faster than the Government can waste
it that anything worse than a tem
porary shortage of cash will be prac
tically impossible. There Is the addi
tional hopeful prospect that some day
the Government will practice the same
businesslike economy that business
men are forced to practice all the time.
The French bark Charles Gounoud
has been chartered to bring a general
cargo from Antwerp to Portland and
carry back to Europe a return cargo of
wheat. Her owners receive 33 shil
lings ($7.92) per ton for the round voy
age. This is said to be divided at the
rate of 5 shillings for the trip to Port
land and 2 8 shillings for the return
with wheat. This would mean $1.20
per ton for carrying general cargo 14,
000 miles to Portland and $6.72 per ton
for carrying wheat to Europe. Quite
naturally there could be no legitimate
profit in the "business at these rates.
Fortunately for the Oregon wheatgrow
er and the Belgian merchants who are
shipping the goods, the generous
French government pays a ship sub
sidy which more than makes up any
loss by these low rates. It is very
nice for the importers and exporters
of other countries than France, but
the advantages of the system to the
French taxpayer are far from distinct.
Protection has developed the tin
plate industry to an extent that leads
to strikes; and most of the tin-plate
works in Ohio, West Virginia and In
diana are shut down. The workers,
like Oliver Twist, say they want more.
But the employers say there isn't
more in it. These always are the ul
timates of protection. An artificial
policy always destroys itself; or like
Saturn, must devour its own children.
Senator Tillman told the Senate that
his "poor little tea baby has been laid
aside and is crying for papa." The
little tea baby is not the only thing
around Washington that has been cry
ing for "pap," and, as tariff revision
progresses, most of the babies seem
to be getting about what they are cry
ing for.
Harry, in his valedictory, says, con
cerning the effect of his policies upon
himself, personally: "I did not, nor
do I now much care." For once the
public will agree with him.
If the sand and gravel barons of
Portland could scoop up gold from the
river bottom, they could not get rich so
fast. It's a case where sand and gravel
are more precious than gold.
It will take many weeks for the
Washington Legislature to pry Schively
loose from his fat Job. Schively formed
the office-holding habit early in life.
There are a few things for Mayor
Simon to reform, since a city is never
so much in need of better things as at
the end of a reform administration.
Mr. Wellman has made his annual
start for the North Pole. As a starter
Wellman has all the other Arctic ex
plorers badly distanced.
If Dr. Eliot's five feet of books are
sold on the installment plan, an Inch
or an inch and a half will satisfy most
people.
Wonder how many acrtesses Howard
Gould could pay $3000 a month ali
mony and still have some for himself?
Wanted Garbage man to remove
four years' accumulation of old Junk
Apply City Hall.
JULY 1, 1909.
DR. WHITE ASD DISSECTION.
More About the History of Anatomy In
the Dark A sea. '
PORTLAND, June 29. (To the Ed
itor.) I am happy to have elicited the
source of The Oregonian's misinforma
tion on modern anatomy. No one who
has read Dr. James Walsh's effective
showing up of Dr. Andrew D. White's
historical method can any longer re
gard Dr. White as a serious historian.
A standard history of modern anat
omy like Dr. Roth's "Life of Vesalius"
abundantly bears me out in my con
tention that dissection was common in
the Italian universities of the four
teenth and fifteenth centuries. Roth's
chapter on "Dissection Before Vesalius'
Time" is a complete refutation of Dr.
White's myth about the prohibition of
dissection. Beginning in 1302. two
years after the alleged prohibition of
dissection by Boniface VIII, Roth finds
records of dissections in the prin
cipal universities, particularly Bologna.
Speaking of this great school he sums
tip his evidence thus: "These are a
few but weighty testimonies for the
zeal with which Bologna pursued
anatomy in the fourteenth century."
Just before the middle of this same
century Guy de Chanllac, the father
of modern surgery, was a student at
Bologna, where, according to Roth, he
saw Bertrucct dissect many bodies.
This was in the first half century fol
lowing the bull of Boniface, and this
father of modern surgery was a clergy
man, a papal chamberlain and physi
cian to three popes in succession.
Pagel, of Berlin University, one of the
great authorities on medical history, in
his chapter on "Anatomy and Phy
siology" in Fuschmann's "Handbuch
der Ueschiehte der Medlzin" (vol I, p.
707) says that the prof essors of anatomy
at Bologna toward the end of the four
teenth century "were In a position,
owing to the gradual enlightenment
of the time and the general realization
of the importance of anatomy as well
as the fostering liberality of the au
thorities, to make regular systematic
dissections of the human body."
The bull of Boniface VIII to which
you refer, and a copy of which I have
before me, has no reference to dissec
tion. The decretal was directed against
the barbarous custom which arose dur
ing the crusades of cutting the flesh
off the bones of men who were killed
in foreign lands and who wished their
bones burled at home. It was not until
the nineteenth century that any one
tried seriously to use the bull in the
dishonest manner of Dr. White.
This is a matter to be decided by
appeal to the historical authorities and
not by such unbecoming heat as you
display this morning. It was an excus
able error for you to mistake me for
Father O'Hara, but your fling at him
was quite ungenerous.
JOHN O'HARA.
rESi GREAT DEMOCRATS ARE DEAD
Bny Mortality Only Leaves Joseph
Weldoa Bailey as Lone Survivor.
New York Mall, Rep.
With apparently no one but the Hon.
Joseph Weldon Bailey to represent the
principles, the economic policies and
the honor of the Democratic party, one
becomes conscious of the recent awful
mortality among the great bemocrats.
Grover Cleveland is dead. This is
very apparent. Controlling votes have
been cast by Democrats, at the present
session of Congress, against about
every principle and policy that Cleve
land stood for.
Those two great Southern Democrats
of full statesman-like stature, John T.
Morgan and Edmund W. Pettus, are
dead. L. Q. C. Lamar is dead. William
L. Wilson is dead: nobody could doubt
that at the present moment.
That fine Mlssourian of eloquent and
humane speech, George G. Vest, is dead.
John M. Palmer. Illinois' grand old
Democratic patriot, is dead. A. G. Thur
man, Ohio's noble Roman, is dead.
The crafty but wise Gorman Is dead.
William E. Russell, the pure and fear
less paladin of Massachusetts' victori
ous young Democracy, before whom
the bars of party opposition fell like
reeds, is dead. James C. Carter, the
peer of the Jurists and publicists of the
past, is dead. .
We shall not extend the sad list. All
the great Democrats seem to be dead.
What has the party left in' Congress?
Mainly a pitiful lot of temporizers and
demagogues, of assistants of organized
influence, of sorry apologists for the
continual surrender of their own prin
ciples. The ghosts of the great men whose
names we have mentioned, or their
painted portraits on the walls, would
be worthier representatives of the
cherished principles of their party than
they.
Some of the Old Senators.
Washington Letter to the Atchison
(Kan.) Globe.
It is interesting to watch the move
ments of certain Senators during the
long debate on the tariff. Two of the
three oldest men in the Senate Frye of
Maine and Stepuenson of Wisconsin
are very close listeners to all that is
said and done in the chamber. Mr. Cul
lom, of Illinois, the other old man of
the Senate, does not stay in the cham
ber any more than is absolutely neces
sary. In other words, he is there only
when his vote is necessary to prevent
the opposition from scoring a point
against the regular Republican organi
zation. When a statesman arises and
shows that he is about to make a set
speech, Mr. Cullom gets up and quietly
goes out to attend to matters on his
desk In his office. But Messrs. Frye
and Stephenson are steady listeners, the
Wisconsin Senator even moving from
seat to seat so that he may be very near
the Senator who has the floor. Every
now and then Mr. Frye will put his
hands In a position that might indicate
he was about to offer a prayer that the
session may soon come to an end, for it
is well known' that he yearns to get back;
to the Pine Tree State, as reports from
Maine Indicate that the fishing soon
will be good up there, and Mr. Frye
is an expert angler.
Vast Project to Be Regretted.
New York Evening Post.
It is not certain that some corpora
tions could not safely contest the con
stitutionality of the tax. Any of them
whose earnings came in whole, or In
part, from land could apparently claim
exemption under the decision of the
Supreme Court that to tax the revenue
from land is to tax the land Itself, thus
making it a direct tax such as is for
bidden to Congress, without apportion
ment. Even the choice of the corpora
tion tax therefore may be no less than
would be the voting of an Income tax,
the "enacting of a lawsuit." And when
we add the complexities and dubieties
sure to arise from putting a swarm of
Federal inspectors and bookkeepers
into the offices of all corporations,
great and small, we see reason
enough for regretting the time and
manner of bringing this vast project
before a fatigued and fretted Congress.
Portland's Thirty-Five Propositions.
Indianapolis Star.
Only one of the 35 was a "referen
dum," or legislative act submitted to
the voters to ratify or reject; but the
other 34 were proposed under the "in
itiative," being honored by a place on
the official ballot through the petition
of presumably intelligent voters, ably
stimulated by assiduous and imagina
tive statesmen who have never made a
success of any business of their own,
but lightly assume the responsibilities
of omniscience in the field of statrAft.
Portland as Viewed by Chicago Eyes
Correspondent of the It .-cord-Herald Dwell- on a Million-Dollar Pasture for
One Cot. Old Joke About Webbed Feet and Praise for the Roses
W lth the party from the Chicago Associa
tion of Commerce, which visited Portland a
few weeks ago, was Richard H. Little, of
the start of the Itecord-Herald. What he
said concerning the city follows:
Portland marked the turning point
in the pilgrimage of exploration and
discovery of the trade extension com
mission of the Chicago Association of
Commerce to the northwest corner of
the United States of America. The
minute the commission said good-bye
to Portland it was on the home trail.
Portland was a good place for a turn
ing point. In the minds of a good
many it was the high-water mark.
It's a big town and it's old enough to
have taken form and substance, and
it hasn't got the unfinished aspect of
most of the towns in the new empire.
The city looks as staid and solid as any
Eastern towns. When you walk down
the street you don't have to go a half
mile out of your way while they cut
down a mountain or fill in a gulch.
They started work on Portland away
back in the '40s, and it was pronounced
done to a turn and taken out of the
oven a long time ago. In Portland
they point out to the visitor ivy-grown
old mansions, surrounded by great
trees and beautiful grounds and in
habited now by the third and fourth
generation. In this exceedingly new
empire of the great Northwest these
old mansions have all the dignity and
medieval romance of castles on the
Rhine.
There's many things they show you
In Portland. They whisk you up and
down miles of shaded asphalt boule
vard to impress you with the size of
the town. The kind-hearted gentleman
chauffeur of our automobile made us
miss a luncheon In order to point out
personally all of the 300.000 inhabitants.
I think we saw all but 10 or 15. who
were probably up in Seattle attend
ing the fair.
We changed automobiles three or
four times during the day, and each
time we were whisked up to a grand
old mansion which was surrounded by
a yard full of trees, and in the middle
of the yard a Jersey cow was peace
fully browsing.
"Something you don't see very often,"
each of our guides would say in turn,
"there's a big block of land in the
heart of the city, worth a million or
more, but the owner won't sell it. He
needs it for pasture for that cow. Been
offered all kinds of money, but he al
ways says, 'well, suppose I sell it,
where would I pasture my cow?'" The
moral of the cow and the million-dollar
pasture was obviously that the resi
dents of Portland are quite comfortably
fixed. The poet laureate of the commis
sion from Chicago, who had been taken
around and shown the haughty cow
grazing in her million-dollar pasture,
was so struck with the incident that he
went back to the special train, and,
unpacking his lyre, composed the fol
lowing ode:
' Tn Portland they're wealthy, I trow.
For they say in surprise. "I allow.
If I sell my back yard.
For ten millions, p'ard.
Oh. where would I pasture my cow?"
The poet was observed while in Port
land to pay close attention to the feet
of the Portlanders. and as the day wore
on, his face assumed more and more a
disappointed look. He finally admitted
that he believed that the people In the
towns back In the irrigated areas had
grossly deceived him. He said that at
Billings and Bozeman and North Yaki
ma, where it doesn't rain and where
they don't want it to rain, because they
get just the right amount of water out
of the irrigation ditches, they had
spoken disrespectfully of Portland's
climate.
In Bozeman the poet said the com
mitteeman who steered him about had
turned pale and shuddered at the idea
of going to Portland. "Terrible, terri
ble," said the Bozeman citizen, "why,
water falls right down from the skies
out there Instead of running in neat
ditches at the side of the road, where
you can just take what you want and
UNITY, TRINITY f TRIUNITY.
But It May Be Doubted Whether Any
body Will Be Satisfied With Such
Play on Words.
MILTON, Or., June 29.(To the Edi
tor.) Apropos to the able editorial ar
ticle of The Oregonian, respecting the
Trinity, permit me to Bay: The Chris
tian Church declares In its teaching
that the Father is God, the Son is God
and the Holy Spirit Is God; and by this
it Is not affirmed that there are three
Gods, but one God. The word trinity
is not to be found in the scriptures,
but it is anticipated in the Old Testa
ment in the expressions Angel of Je
hovah and Spirit of Jehovah, and in
wisdom personified, and It is found im
plicitly in the New Testament, Rev.
xv:6, John 1:1 and Eph. 11:22.
The word trinity occurs first in Greek
in Theophilus of Antioch (A. D. 181),
and Tertuliian (A. D. 200) used the
Latin word from which we have drawn
our word trinity.
In the unity of the Godhead, orthodox
Christians regard God the Father the
Creator, God the Son the Redeemer,
and God the Spirit the applier. Did
not Christians see divinity in Jesus of
Nazareth, they would be guilty of idol
atry In the worship of him. While or
thodox theologians make distinctions
in their treatment of the Godhead, they
do not expand distinction into separate
ness. The word person they use to
express distinctions, and do not press
the word so far as to reach Tritheism.
God "threes" himself to deliver us from
sin that is all. Triunity would be a
better word for theology than trinity.
Polytheism would be in tritheism, but
could not take root in triunity. Unity
guards our noble doctrine of trinity.
At first. Christians did not express
in technical words their adoration of
the Father, the Son and the Spirit, but
in the evolution of theology, as neces
sary to Christians as anatomy is to
physicians, this adoration is explained,
and we have trinity. The word "per
son" in the days of early Christianity
was used in a more flexible sense than
we now use it.
If we should press the idea of person
too far, we would land in polytheism.
History begins with God in Jesus
Christ, who reveals, discovers him the
Father, revealed, and ends with the
abiding guest in the scul. the Spirit.
"The grace of the Lord Jesus Christ,
and the love of God, and the communion
of the Holy Spirit be with you all."
This is not abstract, but practical.
B. I. HOADLEY.
The House of Seven Gables.
Springfield (Mass.) Republican.
"The House of the Seven Gables" at
Salem, much visited in memory of
Nathaniel Hawthorne, Is to be turned
Into a house for settlement work. The
neighborhood is as unlike what It was
in its prime, or even in Hawthorne's
day, as Longfellow's birthplace in
Portland Is unlike what it was in his
youth; and as a settlement house is
wanted there, Mrs. George R. Emmer
ton has bought It for that purpose. It
had seven gables when it was built in
1602, but most of the seven were re
moved 40 years ago. The old parlor
where Judge Pyncheon In the story sat
in the night, with the red stain on
his breast, was not identifiable, but
people have visited the house by hundreds.
not have it pouring down the back of
your neck. Horrible, horrible."
The poet pulled out a booklet regard
ing Portland and showed the Bozeman
citizen where it said that Portland had
a mild, equable climate, the most
healthful and the most delightful in
the United States. The Bozeman citi
zen retaliated with a booklet Issued
by Baker City. Or., another irrigation
town, which referred to its sister city
in these sorrowing terms: "Portland
with her somber clouds, dripping clouds
and depressing gloom."
The poet got so nervous while in the
irrigation belt regarding rains that he
forgot that back in his own Chicago
moisture was occasionally precipitated
from the clouds In large bucketfuls.
Still, he wouldn't tell for a long time
why he watched the feet of the Port
landers with such untiring zeal. Fin
ally he told. "Back in the irrigation .
belt," said the poet sadly, "they said
that the people in Portland were web
footed." The poet went on to sav that
the lrrlgatlonlsts confided to him that
no matter what kind of feet people
had when they first went to Portland,
after they had lived there and pad
dled around in the rain awhile, they
commenced to grow web feet like a
duck.
"Merely one of the wise provisions
of nature." the dwellers of the irriga
tion belt had said. "Those who don't
grow web feet. Just naturally drown;
that s all." Five minutes after he land
ed In Portland the poet began watching
his own feet to see if they were com
mencing to get webbed. But it didn't
rain while we were there and we es
caped back to the nice, dry irrigation
belt without physical change.
Having listened to the siren songs
of the lrrlgatlonlsts and bought an
option on a peach orchard near North
Yakima, the poet had become an ar
dent champion of the irrigation zone
and he wrote this sonnet explaning
the situation in Portland:
Don't live where the ground Is all muck.
For If you re not drowned it's lust luck
True, in Portland It rains.
And no one complains
But there thej-ve web feet like a duck
Our arrival In Portland was well
timed. It was the last day of the Rose
Festival, a carnival like the Mardi Gras
of New Orleans. Portland claims to
be . the greatest rose-growing city in
the world, and a drive around the city
seems to Justify this distinction. There
are great masses of roses of all colors
and hues blooming in every dooryard.
and the parks are masses of roses. The
poet almost wept when he looked
around on the myriad roses in Port
land, and he frequently repeated the
motto of the Rose Festival:
"Roses fragrant, roses rare, roses,
roses everywhere."
The poet had frequently proclaimed
on the trip that he was happv to go
away from Chicago because of the rec
ollections of the stockyards, memories
of which were burdened with painful
thoughts to the poet. He was glad to
get away out in the great Northwest,
where there were naught but the tall
pines and the great plains and the blue
sea. But on the plains he saw cattle
and sheep being fed for the Chicago
stockyards, and on the blue seas of
Puget Sound they took the poet out to
a salmon trap and he watched while
the fish were dumped by the dozen
onto the deck of a scow and big-footed
natives walked on them and stuck pikes
through their eyes and tossed them
about. He went into the great pine
wood and saw men cutting down the
giants of the forests with" their saws
and axes, and he said the sight wa3
as sickening as anything he had wit
nessed in the stockyards. But at Port
land he was happy. Here. Indeed, was
the place for a poet. Nothing but roses
and the air laden with perfume. So
he sat entranced all the afternoon while
the big floats, drawn by many horses,
came by. each float emblematic of
something concerned with the great
Northwest, but each one. no matter
what its subject, weighed down with
roses.
WILL. WORK HARDSHIP ON ' MANY.
Protest Against the Nevr Lavr Forbid
ding Cattle to Run at Large.
PORTLAND, June 30. (Te the Editor.)
One bad feature of the new law pro
hibiting stock from running at large m
Multnomah County is that the Legislature
in making this law unconsciously played
into the hands of the milk and cream
' combine. One reason why this law should
not be enforced Is that there are hun
dreds of citizens, who desire to bring
up their families where they can keep
a single cow and a few chickens to lessen
the expense of living, and get beyond tha
reach of the city milkman, and at consid
erable trouble have gone to the far out
skirts of the city and purchased their
homes, thus believing that they would
not inconvenience their neighbors by
letting their cow run at large and graze
on the hundreds of acres of vacant, un
fenced lands. The writer Is one of that
number.
Should this law be rigidly enforced, and
should all those who now enjoy the bene
fits of having a cow be denied that privi
lege, it will undoubtedly Increase the cost
of milk and butter to such an extent as
to make it almost prohibitive, thus de
priving of good food many children tn
Portland, whose parents can hardly af
ford to pay the present high price of 10
cents per quart for good, wholesome milk,
a kind of food that many are strangers
to. I do not believe that any person who
wants to see such a law enforced is a
friend of the common people, but must be
selfish, and more than likely cares only
for his own comfort.
E. A. BARNS.
One Day With Mrs. Gould.
New York American.
Mrs. Howard Gould's checks at the
St. Regis for one day:
Hotel St. Reg-Is, September 24, 1906, 11:31
A. M.
1 Manhattan $ 5
H Ragout of Lamb 'q
Lima beans .45
Peach pie .......!."!" "30
1 pint Xo. 73 OO
Dime tasse ".0
Total $3. SO
p Hotel St. Regis, September " it," 3 -is
X Manhattan c 05
1 pint water
1 Manhattan ..................... ', ' -3
Total n
P HMtel Bt ReBis- September 24. 7:30
1 pint No. 178 . i "5
1 Manhattan Vs
1 pint water i
1 quart water ." 45
Total .' -3 ,5
Hotel St. Regis. September " "2Y. " 9 30
r. M.
1 Manhattan. t -
1 Manhattan .".'.".".".".".".".'.'.". "."'5
Total ,T5
Partnership tn Lottery.
PORTLAND. June 30. (To the Editor.)
Can two persons Join in a partnership
In applying for Government land at the
Opening Of the Indian t o -T-i
is. should one fail to win. can he share
uuuiraitaa wun tne winner?
JOSEPH MARGOUE3.
We do not know. Two persons, each of
whom had made application, might enter
into such on agreement as you suggest
w nether the loser cnuM nmnai
ner to divide Is a question for some astute
sive an opinion on. It is doubt
ful whether the records contain a decision
which would cover this new matter