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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Nov. 16, 1908)
rOHILAND. OKEGOX. Entered at Portland. Oregon. Poetolllce as . &cond-C laee Matter, e-ubacrfption Kates laiarlably is Advance. ' By Mall ) '-t'lly. Sunday Included, out year-J Dallv. hunday Included. SIX niontne-. . ? ' I'aily. Mundsy Included, three months.. ; raily. Hinday lnlud-d. ona month.... Dally, without Sunday, one year " iseily. without tunuty, alx 'montne. . . . . - Daily, without Sunday, thraa months.. -l..o . I'aily. without Sunday, ona month -jo '.Weekly, ona year i ?J '.Sunday, ona year x ,. Sunday and VetHr. ona year " (By Carrier.) on '' Daily! Sunday Included, ona month.-... How Be mil cend postonice """I' . order, eapress order or personal checs on -. your loc.1 bank. Stamps, coin or currency -. are at tho lender'! risk. Give postofflra aa dreaa In full, including county and state. Portage Kates 10 to 14 pagea. 1 cent; 1 to 2S paaea. 2 centa; SO to 44 pagea. 1 cen.a; . 4 to ao pagea. 4 centa. Foreign postage double rate. ' F..istera Basinets OnTee-The S- C. Beck : with Special Aitency New York, rooma 4- SO Tribune bullaing. Chicago, rooma Bltf-il Trihune buildlnc . PORTI-NI. SfONOAT, NOV. IBM. AFTER THB EVENT. .' ' In his Commoner of latest issje Mr. ' Brian announces resumption of his : editorial work. In his first article he , assorts his Intention to explore the causes of his third defeat, "solve the mystery of 1908." and ascertain "how It happened." "How did It happen?" ' he asks: "how could It happen, that .'the result was so wholly at variance with the hopes of one party, with the 'fears of the other and with the gen eral opinion among men accustomed to the study of political conditions and public sentiment?" The question betrays the deep disappointment" of , the man who asks it. Doubtless in his voyages of explora tion, for discovery of the causes, Mr. . Bryan will proceed to great distances. ' amid fogs of opinion and clouds of words. The result will be no more . satisfactory than the account given by the Ancient .Mariner of his voyages ' in seas man never knew before nor since, and the narrative will lack the interest created by poetic power. But the sage of 'Lincoln is determined to rind out. He says he will continue . the Inquiry from week to week doubtless for an indefinite period. Some conception of this thought, 'some realization of the disappointment . he has suffered, may be gained from .a string of questions he asks In his second article. Here are a few of them: "Does any one believe that the American people will permanently permit secrecy as to campaign contri . butions? Does any one believe that the American people will permanently permit the will of the voters to be thwarted, as It is now. by the election of Senators through Legislatures ? Does any one believe that the con sumer will permanently permit the tariff to be written by the beneficiaries 'of that tariff? Does any one believe that the public will permanently tol erate estrangement between labor and ' capital? Does any one believe that the fifteen millions of depositors will forever permit their savings to be jeopardized as at present?" And so on. to nearly the possible limit of . nebulous, eloquence. These questions are put in a form and manner that furnish a good in dex to Mr. Bryan's hazy thinking. As to campaign funds, there always will lie much secret-?' about them. Noth ing wlir be published that the man agers of any party really wish to con ceal. The true inwardness of Mr. ' Bryan's campaign fund never will be known. It Is perfectly easy to conceal or to cover all information that would "produce embarrassment. ' Election of Senators through Legislatures will continue, because the states will not wish to change it. Southern States will be. even further from it than Northern! All signs show that this ''reform now has less favor than It had years ago. So of the other questions. As to the tariff, no part of the country Is willing to give up protection of its own special products. The states of one section are as strenuous on this point as those of another. This fact controls, and probably always will control, the formulation of tariff schedules. As to the conflict of in terests between labor and capital, who, xcept a dreamer.' expects ever to see an end of It? As1 to guaranty of bank . deposits, it is another Idle and empty dream as Idle and empty as guaran ty against losses In other forms and lines of business. One reform, as to banks, is all im portant. It must be forbidden, under severest penalties, for any officer of a bank to lend "the money of the bank to himself, or to any corporation, jvartnershlp or concern in which he may have an interest. This will be the surest of all protection for de positors. It will force all shysters out of "the banking business. Mr. Bryan has been defeated main ly because his notions are seen to iHck practical quality. They are chi merical, and appear even more so when put In this Interrogative form after the election than they were be fore It. ht'A.XT Hri'lV OF LABOR. It was announced from Washing ton on Saturday that no action, prob ably, would be taken at the short ses sion of Congress this "Winter on the Japanese exclusion bill. It Is not a matter to roar about, because there ire but few Japanese in the United States, and extremely few are coming: nd it la the policy of the Japanese (covernment to discourage and re strict as far as it can the emigration f its people. Yet the Japanese are a sensitive race, and their pride as a -people would be flinched by discrimination .m our part against them. To our Sect they gave a splendid reception; snd there does not appear to be any special need now to enact a measure gainst them that would give offense. The few Japanese in the' United States are a quiet, orderly and highly useful people. To our fruitgrowers such help as they rentier Is almost in dispensable. Without their aid many of our applegrowrrs would not have been able to get their fruit picked and boxed, for it is their universal com plaint that Americans will not per form such work or can't be depended tin. They work but a short time, and Inefficiently, then demand what money may be due "them, and hike oft to town, leaving the employer In the lurch. The Japanese are a mainstay Df the orchardists in these emergen cies. The few remaining Chinese are also a great help. A time may come when it will be deemed advkable to dosav thn arataa against the Japanese, but. clearly it Is not yet! To the Chinese the door probably never will be opened. For years it has been the position of The Oregonian that we would better let industries of particular kinds on the Coast languish, rather than have ever lasting agitation and turmoil. The country undoubtedly Is suffering for want of several kinds of labor that Americans can't be Induced to per form men who will neither work I themselves in any efficient way. nor willingly permit mn of the "inferior races" to do it- Every agriculturist and orchardlst In our Pacific states has an acquired experience In this line. THE RESEMBLANCE AND THB DIF FERENCE. So much has been said about the North Dakota case, and misrepresen tation of its significance and bearing on Oregon has been so studiously con tinued, that it may be well to restate, briefly. Just what its resemblance to the case In Oregon is. In North Dakota the law attempted to enforce a pledge from the candi date for the Legislature, that he would vote in that body for the candidate for the Senate, of his own party, who might receive the highest vote for the office, cast In the primary preceding the general election. The Supreme Court of the state set the law aside on the ground that it was violative both of the rights of the voter and of the candidate for the Legislature. In Oregon the law "instructs" each and every member of the Legislature "to vote for and to elect" the .candi date who may have received the high est number of votes in the preceding general election; without reference to the candidate's political principles or party connections. ' Undoubtedly, If one of these acts Is void so is the other. The differ ence between them In principle Is nothing; only the Oregon act Is ab surd as well as unconstitutional. In that it attempts to compel members of the Legislature not only to vote for a particular candidate for the Senate, but to elect him, even If such candidate should stand In opposition to their own party. That the act may be examined by every person, for him self, we print in full, viz: Be it enacted by the people of the State of Oregon: Section 1. That we. the people, of the State of Oregon, hereby Instruct our Kepresentatives and Senators in our Legislative Assembly, as such offi cers, to vote for and elect the candi dates for United States Senator from this state who receive the highest number of votes at our general elec tions. Since the enactment of this statute, in June last, nobody can be concerned with Statement One, or with any "pledge" given In accord with it. Every member, whether he "pledged" or not, is under command to vote for Chamberlain, and must do so, or vio late a law of the state and his own oath of office; that is. if this statute Is a valid one and the system It was enacted to uphold is to stand. In other words, this statute makes Statement One obsolete, supersedes It, completely annuls it. The purpose of it was and is to compel every mem ber of the Legislature to vote for a particular candidate, and to elect him. The difference between it and the North Dakota statute is that the lat ter proposed to compel the member to vote for the candidate of his party who had received the highest vote in his party's primary, for Senator. v Oregon's initiative statute leaves the member no choice. It is com pulsory. Prior to Its enactment State ment One was voluntary. Now, there is no Statement One; and with annul ment of it by compulsory statute, all pledges based on it are annulled too: and instead of Statement One and the "pledge." there is a mandate to every member. He is "Instructed." He has no choice. Is there any interference in all this with the constitutional system of election? PROBLEM OF THE PACIFIC. The American fleet, after Its spec tacular world-circling tour, is now working back to the Atlantic station, and the Pacific possessions " of the United States will soon again be un protected and at the mercy of any foe that might suddenly pounce upon them. The time-fostered, egotistical arrogance of the East is such that every effort to create a sentiment fa voring retention of a portion of the fleet on the Pacific Coast was op posed by every newspaper of impor tance on the Atlantic Coast. With the cruise undertaken at a time when practically all the world was at peace, there was perhaps no necessity for a fleet of warships anywhere: but. as these vessels are maintained more with a view to preventing war than to engage in actual fighting, it would have been the part of wisdom to sta tion at least a portion of the fleet where its services were most liable to be required. This location. It Is needless to re peat. Is not on the Atlantic Coast, where .oil of the principal seaports are so admirably protected with land fortifications that any hostile fleet approaching could be destroyed long before it got within shelling distance. The imperative reason why a large squadron of American battleships should be stationed on the Pacific has frequently been set forth by the newspapers of the Pacific Coast. That there -was nothing overdrawn or fan ciful in our fears that the Pacific was destined to be the scene of the world's greatest sea battles, and that, too, at no far distant date in the fu ture. Is shown by the attitude of greater statesmen and diplomats than those who are responsible 'for with drawal of our fleet from the station where It is most needed. Underlying the bombastic words of Emperor William, which have sent a thrill through the civilized world, there Is a sentiment that bodes ilk for any nation that has unprotected posses sions lying along the -shores of the Pacific. Here is the language of the ruler who. has in but little more than a decade helped to make Ger many one of the world's greatest sea powers: Who can" foresee what may take place on the Pacific In the days to- come, daya not so far distant aa some believe, but daye at any rate for whloh all European powera wit'h Far Eastern interests ought steadily to prepsre? IxKik at the accomplished nee of JMi; think of tire - posaible national awakenlnr of China and then Judge of the vi.i t.rohlems of the racinr. Only thoae powera which have great navies -lll be listened to with respect when the future of the Pacific comes to be solved, and. If for that reason only. Germany must have a powerful fleet. It may even he that Eng fccaeU will be giad that Germany haa a fleet when they speak together In the great debates of the future. The "vast problems of the Pacific" and the "great debates of the future" referred to by the German Emperor do not concern alone the sparsely populated Pacific states bordering on this great ocean, where the political map of the world will some day be changed. They are of vital interest to ever American citizen East, West, North or South, and when the inev itable struggle toward which we are drifting comes, if we are to be "lis tened to with respect," It is an abso lute necessity that our Navy be in a position where it can command that respect. Instead of on dress parade 13.000 miles from the scene of action. These approaching days of destiny, as the German Emperor says, may not be "so far distant as some be lieve." and our fleet. In which we have1 Invested a vast amount of money, should be as near to striking dis tance when the crisis comes as it is possible to get it. Pending comple tion of the Panama Canal, if anything shouM happen in the Pacific, it will happen so quickly that the fleet would be fully as useful at Omaha or Oshkosh as. it would be sixty days steaming distant on the Atlantic sta tion. THEY ARE NOT NONPARTISANS. "Shall Taft be President? Are the electors of President and Vice-President to refuse to ratify and confirm the choice of the people? If they should not it would be Just as if the Legislature of Oregon were to refuse to elect Chamberlain." Only it wouldn't. Taft Is to be elected be cause his party has carried most of the states and a great majority of the Presidential electors. Incidentally, also, there is an Immense popular vote behind him'. But are any Bryan electors to vote for Taft? Are they to fall in and make it unanimous? It would seem they must do so, if the principle is to he maintained and the mandate of the people obeyed. Then the business would bear close, resemblance to the election ot a Dem ocratic Senator by a Legislature strongly Republican, backed, more over, by a mighty Republican major ity on the popular vote. But the elector's of Nebraska, of South Carolina and of the other Bryan states dovbtless will refuse obedience to the popular will. They are not, nonpartisans. INCREASING OUR POPULATION. The big land deal, reported in yes terday's news dispatches from Albany, means much more for the state than half a dozen timber land transactions involving ten times the acreage In cluded in the Albany transaction. By this deal Eastern capitalists have se cured 30,000 acres of the old Corvallis and Taquina Bay wagon road grant, and will place It on the market in 10, 20 and 40-acre tracts. The lands purchased are located in a very rich and productive portion of Lincoln and Benton counties, and are admir ably adapted for fruit culture, dairy ing and small farming. Anyone who has ever visited that portion of the state can readily understand how small tracts can easily be made to support large families. The class of Immigrants who twill take kindly to this small farming will do much to ward the upbuilding of the state. Lack of population Is one of the greatest drawbacks to the growth of the state, and our population will not be greatly increased in the immedi ate future by purchase by Eastern syndicates of our timber lands. Nor Is -there much opportunity for an in crease in population in the big wheat districts of Eastern Oregon, where individual land holdings have stead ily increased, with a corresponding re duction In the number of small farms. These Lincoln and Benton County lands and there are a number of similar enterprises before the public In other parts of the state are not being sold for their timber, nor for wheat farms, but are intende'd to make homes for practical farmers. who will some day become sufficient ly numerous In our state to stop the enormous drain of Oregon money that now goes East for butter, eggs, pork, nuts, honey and numerous oth er commodities which can be pro duced in this state to better advan tage than anywhere else in the coun try. Oregon still has vast areas of tim ber land for sale, and also immense tracts of wheat land; but the class of immigrants we now prefer are. the small farmers who will produce as much Dew wealth from a 20-acre tract as the wheat farmer can get from his quarter or half section of wheat land. This kind of farming means from five to fifteen families on a quarter section, instead of five or six quarter sections to one family, as Is too frequently the case in Ore gon and Washington. Best of all, there Is nothing experimental In this kind of small farming, for its suc cess has been repeatedly demon strated. HOGS AS MONEY-MAKER!. Among the many talks to farmers by Dr. Withycombe, director of the experiment station of the State Agri cultural College, at various points where the farmers' demonstration train halted In its progress up and down the Willamette Valley, that in which he introduced hogs as money makers for Oregon farmers was one of the most practical and easily under stood and applied. Every careful farmer has demonstrated from time to time on a small scald the fact that excellent pork can be produced, even though, in the sense in which corn grows In the Middle West, Oregon is not a corn state. In past years when the price of wheat not Infrequently fell to 50 cents a bushel, and when to get the surplus to market meant a long haul and sometimes a night encamp ment by the roadside, the thrifty farmer "turned his wheat into pork" with substantial profit. The product was firm and sound; the lard, as the housewives said, "sweet as a nut," and the hams and bacon turned out of the farm smokehouse were toothsome and well-preserved. These methods of curing pork be long, of course, to the past, and are cited simply to show that Dr. Withy combe spoke truly when he said that corn is not necessary to produce the best grades of pork. Barley, wheat chop, peas and skim milk, supple mental to a Fall run hi clover, alfalfa and stubble fields, will make excellent hogs not to be butchered on the farm in the old way, but hogs that will stand shipment in good shape and make first-class pork. Canvassing the matter thoroughly and taking every detail of feed, care and handling into account. Dr. Withy combe assesses the hog as next to the cow, Oregon's best mortgage-lifter. The truth of this estimate has been proved in times past when the mar ket for grain was at a low ebb and It became necessary to lift the mortgage or vacate the old farmhouse. The hogs could always be depended upon to do their full share, and pork was always in demand, even when a day's receipts of fruit and vegetables would glut the Portland market. Mary McLane Is reported to have mysteriously disappeared from Bos ton last week. It Is perhaps need less to mention that the eccentric young iwoman disappeared from pub lic view several years ago. Mary won considerable fame of a questionable nature about eight years agc( by writ ing a book, which to insure comfort able handling, demanded a much bet ter .grade of asbestos than was need ed by Amelia Rives, who Is regarded as the founder In America of that particular school of literature which is corrupting to the young and gen erally nauseating to the old. It has been more than "Three Weeks" since Elinor Glyn has been heard from In the newspapers, and, unless she Is ashamed of herself and desires to re form, there will be no widespread and universal mourning If she re mains In obscurity as long as Mary McLane. She might also satisfy the public by following Mary's example in disappearing again, either mysteri ously or otherwise. A 7-year-old Tillamook boy fatally wounded his 10-year-old brother Sat urday with a close-range discharge of a shotgun. Comment on a case of this nature is perhaps superflu ous. It might be said, however, that the Tillamook parents and guardians who permit 7 and 10-year-old beys to play with loaded shotguns are not much different from those of other parts of the state or Nation. There Is not a man or woman in the coun try, possessed of sufficient intelli gence to read the newspapers, who has not frequently noted tragedies of this nature; but the effect seems to be lost on them, and the lives of In nocent but careless children continue to be snuffed out because no one seems to take enough Interest In them to place these deadly weapons beyond their reach. Anna Gould has probably learned by this time that her latest investment in foreign titles was worse than the first. She at least believes that the court will force her to give her chil dren over to the care of their father, because her present husband Is not a fit person to be a stepfather. A long-suffering public, which has viewed with Increasing disgust the antics of this half-witted American girl, and the French reprobates whom her money attracted, will have but small sympathy for Anna, no matter what fate befall her. But the poor little children, brought into the world under such awful circumstances, and being reared in such an atmosphere, are certainly entitled to pity. Their case is fully as pathetic as that of their parents is disgusting. The surplus reserve held by the New York banks Is gradually disap pearing, and is now but 330,000,000 in excess of legal requirements. The reduction of this surplus, however, reflects a healthy condition in the financial world, for it is attended by an increase in loans, which means that investors are no longer afraid to extend their borrowing powers and assist in getting this idle money into circulation. The reserve which the law requires shall be held hy the New York banks amounts' to 3350,000,000, and in comparison with this amount the 330,000,000 surplus seems small. Yet 330,000.000 in active circulation, frequently turned over, can keep the wheels of trade moving in a consider able number of Industries. Quite a number of divorce decrees have been set aside recently on the ground that they were procured by fnlcA sa-eflrin?. One or two of the persons who thus procured divorces have been prosecuted for perjury ana one went to prison, though he did not stay long, thanks to a liberal pardon ing policy. But despite the ease with which a pardon may be secured, it seems likely that false swearing will become dangerous if it be demon strated that a divorce procured by that means can be set aside. Mayor Rodgers, of Salem, says in an address to the voters of his city that he would be ashamed if he could not boast that his administration has spent more money than any of Its predecessors. That is a very good policy, provided previous administra tions have spent money wisely. Some cities have seen administrations that spent money so freely and so extrava gantly that no cne would deem It commendable to spend more. What is wanted, what is necessary. In order to carry out the principle of the law revealed through URen and Bourne, in Oregon, Is the deliberate vote of Nebraska for Taft, and of the Bryan states of the South. Then we shall see Indeed the rule of the peo ple established. Unless Nebraska shall come up with her vote for Taft there is no logic In the insistence of the vote of the Legislature of Oregon for Chamberlain. In order to carry out the Oregon idea the great state of Oregon has a right to demand a solid vote of all the states for Taft. Bryan has been beaten. Every state should be ex pected to cast its electoral vote for Taft. "Shall the people rule?" Mr. Bryan asks everybody to write him and tell him how it all happened. This Is the great between-election paramount issue. Or. perhaps the Commoner Is. Now is the time to subscribe. People who delight In the Oregon egg are wondering what manner of feed is given the poultry that produce the Eastern eggs now flooding this market. Prosecuting grafters may be a more popular, undertaking in the future than it has been in the past, and should be less dangerous. Where is "Wheat King" Conley, the prize lecher of La Grande? Is any one really trying to find him? Miss Anna Gould seems to be un happy though married to a second prince. All America told her so. CATHOLIC VOTE SOLID FOR TAFTf Oae Explanation tilvea for Cundldnte's Great Strena-th. F. B. Sanborn In Springfield Republican. Two explanations instantly occur for the loss of Bryan's vote and the gain for Taft in most of the cities. Foremost Is the increasing Catholic vote, won for Taft by his diplomatic dealings with the Pope and the friars in the Philippines. There can be no mistake about this; it does not account for the whole slump in the Democratic vote of Boston or -New York, but It was the chief element there. In the Congressional elections it is far less noticeable, yet visible enough In some districts. The approach of Mitchell fo election over Tirrell was forced by the same Catholic interest, aided by some vote-trading a vote for Mitchell being giveft In return for a Democratic rait vote. The election of Democratic Governors In several states that went for Taft Is another Indication of how the Catholic vote went. They are chosen In Indiana, Ohio and Minnesota, not in Rhode Island, and not In Connecticut, where the Catho lics largely voted for Lilley. In New Hampshire they did the same for Carr. who has almost thrown the election Into the Legislature, as was done two years ago. In Maryland, where there Is a large Catholic vote, it seems to have Deen neu tralized by the pjitl-Roosevelt negro vote. In Michigan the close vote for Governor was due to one of those faction ngnts among Republicans that tfave distin guished this campaign, and which, but for the heavy Catholic vote for Taft, would have given Bryan the election in spite of Hearst. In the South generally the Democrats had their own way, as usual. In distrust of Taft, Roosevelt. Adams and the unfriends of tiie negro among Republicans. In Massachusetts "and Rhode Island the anti-Roosevelt ne gro vote was overslaughtered by the Catholic rush to elect the friend of the Philippine friars. LIFE IX THE OREGON COUNTRY I Big- Things In Oregon. Salem Statesman. Talking about the 50,000 boxes of apples raised and packed by Millard O. Lownsdale on his Yamhill County farm, what is the matter with the 550,000 odd pounds of prunes raised and cured this year on his Yamhill County farm by E. P. McCornack, of Salem? Holding; the Owner's Own. McMlnnvllle Register. They Impose a great many extra duties on our good-natured day police man not prescribed in the city charter, but the most arduous task of all was that of holding the dog Tuesday morn ing while its owner got aboard the train and out of sight. Playing It Low Down on Dave. Weston Leader, Fred Young is rather congratulating himself on getting rid of the poorest cow In Umatilla County an animal scarecrow that he took up as an estray and has since been trying to give away. He bet the cow on Bryan, Dave Laven der taking the Taft end of the bet without investigating the stakes. Young now insists that Lavender shall take prompt possession of his property. Valley Girl Captures Bunebgrass. Irrlgon Irrigator. Miss Mamie Susbauer, of Cornelius, daughter of Michael Susbauer. and niece of Peter Susbauer, of Irrigon, is here visiting at the home of her aunt " and uncle on their fine ranch west of town. Mrs. Susbauer says she will try and teep the young iady all Winter. If the editor of the Irrigator was 80 or 40 years younger lie would not only second Mrs. Susbauer' motion, but see that it was adopted, for Miss Mamie Is a most charming young lady. Putting: I'p the Proper Front. Echo Register. Recently a citizen of our village was wheeling home a load of old oyster cans, bottlesi etc., and curious to know what use he could put them to, we made inquiry. "Going to throw them over in my backyard," he replied. "We are going to have some relatives from the city visit us. We may not have much to eat, but if they see these cans, bottles and boxes lying around, they will thinks we've had oysters, cham pagne, figs and nuts till we've got tired of 'em. and are now living on bread and liver and beans for a healthy change." ' Bryan's Decline In New England. New York Evening Post. The Hartford Times has brought out very clearly the blighting effect of Bryan Ism in New England. Bryan polled this year 1100 less votes in Massachusetts than he did in 1900, 5S00 less In Connecticut, 1000 less in Maine, and 1200 less In Vermont. He gained 2949 votes in Rhode Island; but, taking the three growing states of New England, Massachusetts, and Connecticut, the Republicans gained more than 54,000 votes, while the Democrats lost 3000. Tom Stuten's Great Scheme. Klamath Republican. -Tom Staten has established a farm for the raising of mink at Rattlesnake Point on the Upper Klamath Lake. About a hundred of the animals are housed In cages or cabinets, and seem to do well and thrive in captivity, as they are all fat and sleek-looking. The animals are so tame that they will take food from the hand, although one has to be careful in handling them, as the mink is treacherous and has very sharp teeth. As mink in this county increase about fivefold, Mr. Staten ex pects to have something over 600 in his cages next year. The value of their fur alone will aggregate about 33000, but live female minks sell for a much higher figure than their hide alone is worth. Shoemaker. Stick to Yonr Last. New York Mail. Hereafter, bankers will be bankers, pure and simple, not would-be "Napoleons of finance." So the law has always contem plated: so a public opinion no longer blinded by the glare of quick success and meretricious method will insist; so the Federal courts have decreed by successful criminal prosecution; so this state has or dered by statutes which make further chain banking impossible. Iron Arm Jerks Up Farmer. New York Sun. When H. M. Hulbutt, a mail clerk on the Erie Railroad, threw out, near Greenville. Pa., the iron arm of the mail-catcher on his caf. he picked up a farmer, who was loading a car of po tatoes In a direct line of the car. The train was running 40 miles an hour, but Hulbutt dropped the arm and the farmer was released, none the worse except for a few scratches. Odd Results. Boston Transcript. If the Democrats have 175 members of the Sixty-first Congress, as the latest re turns Indicate, It will be the largest num ber that they have elected since the Cleveland Presidential vote of 1892. This Is one of the odd results of so sweeping a Republican victory. Two new states have added six members to the House since tfhat time, and no third party ap pears to be now represented there. Bryan's Failure. New York Evening Post. No panic, no depression, nc conceivable industrial cataclysm could make the American people elect Bryan. So much is now perfectly clear to everybody liv ing, except Mr. Rryan. Yet he has lost to his party fully 700.000 votes, as proved by the voting for Democratic sta.t tickets. Duty to Choose U. S. Senator Rests Where? Legislature Moat Act la Accord With Constitution and Federal Law. for There la No Other Way If "People"' of Orraos Have Hlsrht to Say How to Elect a Senator Why Don't They Prescribe How Many Shall Be Elected and What His Pay and Office Shall Be t COQUILLE. Or- Nov. 12. (To the Editor.) I see that Stephen A. Lowell, of Pendleton, says that he dot not wish to reach the United States Senate "over a pathway of broken pledges or disregarded laws." That does sound like a rough road to travel, but I would like to say a few words to the Judge and to others like him. Perhaps I can make the way more smooth. Judge, I think you have overlooked something. You know that a United States Senator is an officer ot the United States not an officer of this state. The office Is created by the Constitution of the United States, the officer Is paid by the United Stales and the United States tays how he shall be elected. The "pcopli" of Ore gon did not make the office, cannot say whether there shall be twD or alx Senators from Oregon, whether they shall hold office one or ten years or whether they shall be selected by the President like a postmaster or chosen by tne Legislature. When Ore gon was admitted into the Union she acquired the right, under the Constitu tion of the United States, to send two men to the United States Senate. I presume no one would contend that the people of Oregon could adopt a law (by the Initiative or otherwise) that should provide that Oregon could send three men to the United States Senate and make It stick. But the same Constitution that made it possible for Oregon to send two men to the United States Senate, also provided how those two men should be selected. It did not say that the "people" of Oregon might select these men. It did not say the President of the United States shall ap point them. It might bave done either, but it did neither. It said then and It says now: "The Senate of the United States shall be composed of two Sen ators from each state, chosen by the Legislature thereof. The people of Oregon can no more change or nullify the Constitution of the United States in one particular than in another. That Constitution provides that Senators and Representatives shall be selected In each state in the same manner. The people at large must choose the Rep resentatives, the Legislature must choose the Senators. The language is plain. a In order to choose, the person choos ing must indicate his choice. If he does not name the man of his choice he does not choose. If he names a man because someone else tells him to, it is not his choice. To choose, a man must exercise his owrf will, express his own desire, guided by his own intelli gence if any. I recently saw upon the stage of one of the theaters In Portland an automaton. It was com posed of diverse wheels and wires and dressed up in the guise of a man. It couid walk about and gesticulate some what after the manner of a Legislator. If this machine were sent to Salem with a ballot for George Chamberlain in Its hand, and when the Multnomah delegation is called upon to vote for United States Senator It should arise and deposit that ballot In the Speaker's hat. would it be contended that this machine hail "chosen" a United States Senator? It sounds rather absurd, doesn't it? as Every man. before he takes his seat as a member of the Legislaure. must take an oath to support and obey the Constitution of the United States. That oath means something. It means that he will choose a United States Senator. After taking this oath what is he going to do when it comes time to vote for United States Senator? Shall he obey Pendleton Tribune. CE. S. WOOD has given his opinion as to the difference between the Oregon "law" on the election of United States Senators and that of North Dakota, which has recently been pro nounced unconstitutional by the Su preme Court of- that state, and in doing o confines himself entirely to the di rect primary law of Oregon, which contains Statement No. 1, and wholly Ignores the "corripulsory law" Initiated last June by the people, and which was Intended to supersede Statement No. 1 altogether. But this quibbling on the question does not in the least touch the unde niable fact that all such attempts to interfere in the election of United States Senators are clearly In violation of the plain terms of the Constitution of the United States. That instrument says the people of the several states shall elect the Repre sentatives in the lower house of Con gress, and that the Legislatures of the several states shall elect the Senators. That Is a constitutional pronuncia mento, and all the attempted halr-spllt-tlng on the question cannot make It anv different. If the new "law" in Oregon is any thing at all, if it Is not the sheerest farce, there will be no need during the next .Senatorial campaign for any pledge of any kind on the part of the legislatlve'candldates. The people will not require any, for there stands the "compulsory" law, which will - catch H.amKae ttrhofl thA T .effl S 1 a t II T 8 convenes both comln and 'gwine. Even Mr. Wood will agree to mis. Speaking further on the question, Mr. Wood says: The North Dakota law makes it obligatory on the legislator to take an An4-t. a irtttt tni- the npnnle'R choice for United States Senator. He cannot qual ify without taking sucn oatn. inis ni only violates the state constitution, wV.lh nrnflfrlhtiq What Oath Of OfflCO the legislator shall take, but perhaps violates the United States Constitu tion by compelling the legislator as a condition of being seated to surrender his constitutional right. "The Oregon law does none of these things. It imposes no new oath, no condition of office, interposes no bar to the legislator being seated and In no way forces him from any constitutional fa Violin Now Worth WOOO. Gloucester (N: J.) Despatch. James H. Rowland, a farmer who lives near Eatontown, N. J., bought an old violin at an auction sale two years ago for 33 which an expert now says is worth $6000. Patrician Enlists aa Teomaa. Indianapolis News. Glenn W. Corre. 24 years old. a wealthy young Cincinnati man, enlisted at Cincinnati, O., as yeoman In the United States Navy at a salary of 317-50 . month. Corre is the son of the late Tweedledum and Tweedledee for Senator his oath and the Constitution, or shall he obey the Statement No. 1 law? Shall he vote for the man of his choice or shall he be Influenced by some power over him to vote for a man who i not his choice? Shall his vote b "free." or controlled? How can a Legislator choose If he have no choice: and after taking an oath binding him to choose, how can he say I will not choosu. because someone else haa chosen for ine? You see. It won't do. Mr. Legislator can't get out of it in that way. The Constitution places the responsibility of choosing upon him and he cannot so escape it. He must remember his oath. No doubt, tne "statement" men, find ing themselves "between the devil and the deep blue sea," would be glad to "take to tho woods," but it won't work. An honest man, who does not believe that George Chamberlain Is the proper man to represent mis staw in ins United States Senate, must choose someone else. It rests with his own conscience, of course, but if his con science requires him to keep his oath, he must vote for the man of his choice, whether be baa promised to vote for that man or not. a If ha thinks, way down In his heart . or whatever he thinks with that "Our George" is the proper man to represent this Republican state, in the United States Senate, let him so choose; but If he thinks that Judge Lowell is the proper man, then let him choose him. Imagine Mr. Legislator who has promised to vote for Chamberlain, but wants to vote for Fulton. When called upon at Salem to name his choice for United States Senator, he rises In his place and says: "My choice' for United States Senator is Charles Fulton. I be lieve he is the beat man for the place and I believe that a majority of the people want him; but I am not frea to choose as I choose. I have promised to vote for George Chamberlain. My choice is for Fulton, but my vote Is for Chamberlain." What kind of a figure would he cut before his own conscience and before the world? And what do you think would happen to Mr, Cham berlain when he presented himself at the door of the United States Senate, armed with credentials based upon a vote of that sort? Would the Senate decide that he had been "chosen" by the Legislature of Oregon? It la to be doubted, is It not? a a Suppose a Legislator has pledged ahlmself to vote for an appropriation to build an insane asylum at Pendleton, but after election he finds that the state constitution says that all state Institutions shall be located at Salem. When this bill comes up in the Legis lature what is he to do? Shall he vio late the constitution or try to do so) or shall he break his promise? He must break something. What shall it be? It will, perhaps, be easier for the man who has made pledges to shirk all re sponsibility by saying, "the people have taken this matter out of my hands"; but if he has a conscience, which is not rusty from disuse, he will not satisfy it In that way, because he will know that It ia not so. He will know, first, that the "people" can no more tell him whom to choose than they can tell him how many to choose, and. second, that the people of Oregon do not want George Chamberlain for United States Senator. It seems to me that this so-called "law" that undertakes to nullify the . Constitution of the United States is no law at all. There was no power to make It, and there is none to enforce It. The pathway looks straight and smooth to me for someone but not for George. AUSTIN S. HAMMOND. prerogative. The Oregon law permits a candidate voluntarily to declare him self in one or two statements or to re main silent altogether. No conditions are forced on him and the obligation on him is wholly moral, not legal." How is that? Did you say, under the Dakota law a member Is "compelled to surrender his constitutional right?" What right? Clearly the "constitution al right" to use his own individual judgment as to whom he would sup port for United States Senator, Of course. But if this Is a "constitutional right" which a member should not surrender, what defense can be offered for either Statement No. 1 or for its successor, which pretends to even take away the right of the member to refuse to make a pledge at all? Practically every Republican candi date for the Leg-ialataxe In the entire State of Oregon laat Jane who sub scribed to Statement No. 1 did so for the admitted reason that he tbounjit he would be defeated If be refused. And waa he not thereby "compelled to aur reader bla constitutional rlsrht, of which Mr. Wood apeaka, through the power of Intimidation f In other words, wasn't hla "constitutional right" to use his own Judgment ns to his eholre for Senator as fully surrendered for the sake of grettlus; votes aa the Dakota member was who found himself in pre cisely the same situation f As to Mr. Wood, however, it may be said that the difference between him self and Governor Chamberlain is that when he was the Democratic candidate for United States Senator in 1903 under popular vote, and was defeated, he ad vised the Democratic members to sup- port the successful candidate, and this would have been done, resulting in his election, but for the emphatic objec tion of Chamberlain himself, who said It would "be good Democratic polities' if the successful Republican candidate should be turned down by a Republi can Legislature. For some reason, the Democratic de mand for a religious observance of the popular vote on United States Senator is much more Insistent In 1008 than It was In 1A03, C hamberlain himself tak Inff a radically different view of the "moral force of an expression by the people now than when In 100S to refuse to reeoarnlae It would be "sood Demo cratic politics." A. G. Corre, and the estate owns the Bigson House and the Grand Hotel. He rode to the station, on his way East, in one of his own automobiles. Preacher Gets Gifts of 78,3O0. Buffalo (N". Y.) Despatch. Rev. Dr. Barclay, pastor of St. Paul's Church, in Montreal, and one of the leading Presbyterian ministers in Can ada, has just had presented to him by the congregation a purse of 35000. At the same time he received a gift from Lord Mount Stephen, a former member of the congregation, of $73,300.
