THE MORNING OREGONIAN. FRIDAY, OCTOBER 16, 19Q8.
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PORTLAND. rKlBAT, OCTOBER IS. HQS-
MONEY, POLITICS AU BUSINESS.
The bank of the country hold an
extraordinary amount of money. There
are overflowing reserves and dull or
very moderate trade. It is a "waiting"
season. Latest report on condition of
the banks ot Philadelphia shows that
never before was there such a glut of
money in them. It is the same in
most cities. People ere "holding off
till after the election."
This circumstance reduces for the
present opportunities of considerable
classes of -wage-workers, especially
those in and about the cities. Yet
the general thrift and prosperity of
the country are extraordinary. Sta
tistical reports show that from 1903
to 1908 the value of livestock on the
farms of the United States increased
from $5,917,000,000 to $7,411,000,000;
gold production Increased from $ i 4,
000 000 to $90,000,000: coal produc
tion increased from $3U,000.000 to
$40 000.000; savings bank accounts
increased from $2,815,000,000 to $3,
495 000.000: bank deposits of ail kinds
increased from $9,553,000,000 to $13.
000 000 000: exports of manufactures
Increased from $468,000,000 to $740.
000.000 and imports of raw materials
used in manufactures increased from
$330,000,000 to $447,000,000.
Figures like these do not support
Mr. Bryan's lajnentation of loss of
thrift or loss of prosperity. Howe
ever. it is certain, from congestion of
money in the banks, and from the gen
eral inclination to "wait.' that wage
workers here and there must lack
employment, and that speculative
movement in real estate and in new
undertakings must be slack and slow.
This accords, moreover, with the facts
that fall within every one's observa
tion. All this will partly right itself after
the election soon or late, according
to circumstances. Few expected this
hesitation, as a consequence of the Po
litical situation this year. But it has
come: it exists, and it is Impossible
not to tnke note of It.
But the great agricultural classes,
the producers from the soil, the grow
ers of crops and cattle, never were so
prosperous as now. It is complained
in all the towns and cities that prices
of staple fooil products are high. But
who makes the exactions? .Who gets
the money? The farmer doesn't think
it out of the way to get the best prices
he can for his wheat, potatoes, eggs,
meats, poultry and apples; and he's a
working man too. But workers in the
city can't get cheap f.wd stuffs with
out oppression of the workers in
the c untry: and the farmer paying
the wages he must pay for his help,
usually has little, often nothing, left.
The whole question is an economic
one. and can only be mixed up with
politics when a situation arises which
causes men to hait their Investments
and to entertain apprehensions for the
future. A year ago there was a
money panic, resulting from tho
action of a class of speculators and
plungers. It lasted only a short time.
Now there is a glut of money in the
banks and little disposition to use It.
For this a single cause Is assigned,
ever-where.
SMiNS OF THE TIMES.
The steerage quarters of the incom
ing liners show an Increasing number
of immigrants, and it Is no longer an
uncommon incident for one of tho
great Atlantic Ocean ferries to bring
In more than 1000 steerage passen
gers. Two theories are advanced for
the back flow of this immigration,
which was going away from us in
such large numbers about a year ago.
Tho theory generally offered Is that
the news of returning prosperity has
spread to Europe, and that many of
those who tied at the first breath of
hard times last year are coming back
to make another fortune, and are in
cidentally bringing some of their
relatives with them. Tho other rea
son given for this rising tide of im
migration Is that the move to escape
hard times in this country by fleeing
to Europe was a leap from the frying
pan ihto the fire.
The Old World lost some of its
charm while the aliens were over
here picking up easy money, and.
when they returned to the land o
their birth. It was much too slow
after the lively pace at which they
had been moving In the land of the
free. Not only was there no oppor
tunity to add to the hoards that were
taken back from America, but tho
difference in the cost of living was
not as great as it was expected to be,
especially when the comparison was
drawn between the same kind of liv
ing i the two countries. But there is
no doubt that returning prosperity is
drawing many of both old ai.d new
workers to our shores. Good -etvs
travels fast in thes. dny. of electric
ity, and the demand for labor Is pick
ing up all the way from the Atlantic
to the Pacific.
Among other unmistakable signs
of this improvement In the dem ind
for labor, is the sudden falling off in
the number of applications for enlist
ment in the Army and Nary. Last
Winter, when the great Industrial en
terprises of the country were dis
charging men by the thousands, both
the Army and the Navy recruiting of
fices had plenty of good material from
which to make selections. The aver
age American citizen looks upon
service in either of these branches of
our Government as a last resort, and
it is only when other employment is
unobtainable that the applicants for
Any and Navy enlistment are at all
numerous. There was a decidedly
large number of men offering for
these positions last Winter, but with
in the past two months there has
been a growing scarcity, and. if the
change continues. It will be but a
shor' time until we shall hear the
old complaint of an insufficient num
ber of recruits to fill the demand.
This scarcity- of material for sol
diers and sailors, while in a manner
unpleasant and expensive for Uncle
Sam. will not awaken any regret,
however, for ft signifies that there is
a steadily Increasing demand for re
cruits in our grreat industrial army
and the latter Is in many respects
preferable to the former.
THE PACIFIC STATES.
It begins to be apparent that
Brvan will not get a sinjjle electoral
vote in a state of the Pacific Coast.
Yet "of course there is the sagebrush
pocket. Nevada, bent on mining
gambles, and therefore still devoted
to 16 to 1. It will take a long time
vet for Nevada to escape this environ
ment and arrive at a condition of
rational civilization. Till then it al
ways will be open, to the seductions of
Bryanism.
But let Ne.vada pass. It is not a
Pacific Coast state. Such waters as it
has flow into the. interior desert and
sink there type of the aridity of
Bryanism.
But the Pacific Coast states) Ore
gon. California. Washington, and their
neighbors on the north and east, Idaho
and Montana. Wyoming and Colorado,
and Utah too, that tends through
Inductive forces to the Pacific are
awake and alive to the advantages of
Pacific Ocean commerce. The live
Pacific stales -want intercourse with
the Pacific islands and the Orient.
They want a Pacific American Navy.
They want an American policy that
will include the Pacific as well as the
Atlantic.
Taft is the man for it; end there
fore Taft will get every eJectoral vote
of the Pacific states and of the West
ern Mountain states too with the
possible exception of Nevada, which
may cling to Little America and
16 to 1.
I?f M.ff EGXA"D.
Greatly elated were the Democratic
managers by the vote in Maine In
September. That is. they pretended
to be: but they know the state will
go for Taft by an overwhelming ma
jority, and Bryan now is not men
tioned at ell in the state. The New
York Herald's canvasser reports that
the only interest in the election Is the
conjecture as to Tafts majority; it
may be 30,000 or more. A Democratic
leader, consulted by the Herald's rep
resentative said:
We are all through. I have nothing to
av on estimates. Our Issues ended prac
tically with the state election.
The correspondent makes this com
ment: Mr. Bryan wa sacrificed by the Maine
remocrata In the hope of winning the state
election en the liquor question. Bryan and
"boose." the Democrats knew. Is a combi
nation that coald never net by the Fine
Tree polls. Hence they abandoned Bryan
absolutely. National Issues were practically
unmentloned by the Democrats In the state
campaign.
The Herald's canvasser finds that all
New England will be for Taft Mass
achusetts by 65.000. Connecticut by
ic nnn nd New Hampshire by 12.000
or' more. In Vermont and Rhode
Island there will be no effort for
Bryan.
tin TIME FOR PETTY POUTICS.
Public utility and public improve
ment propositions now pending and
pressing before and upon the citizens
r nwi.nH a r a nf wide scope and
large proportions. Their adjustment
on terms that will do Justice to con
tractors and taxpayers alike calls, not
for the play of petty politic, but for
a wise, well considered public policy.
The occasion is not one for wreaking
rito nnnn nolitlcal opponent. nor for
the dogged display of power through
the medium of arDitrary votes in nio
fnnnril: neither 1-3 it one
that should find expression in person
alities i,r the wonting out ot p jmica..
feuds. We have bridges to ouuti; win
rim. rinc nnrl manner of their con
struction are matters of moment.
The city water service must soon be
ovtonrleri and Increased: political chi
canery cannot be relied upon for the
work. City streets must oe paveu
are being paved leagues of them,
and those who pay for the work are
well entitled to the protection neces
sary to keep them from being ftet.ced
by paving companies; fire protection
at various points is necessary and
hydrants fcr this purpose nnoiua dc
promptly installed,
"in of all this and much more
that Is of vital importance to the tax
payers and to the municipality, uie
nnnlle would like to see is anxious to
see members ot the Common Coun
cil and the Mayor quit sparring ror
advantage. so to speak, eschew
personalities and give careful consid
eration to the matters in nana, mina
ful of the fact that Portland is no
longer a village, but a large and rap
Idly growing city, in the wide-awake,
modern acceptance of tltnt term.
MR. ZKI.L IX SEARCH OF A WIFE.
How often it is that the blessings
which we vainly rove the sandy desert
and the sounding sea to find lie unob
served at our very feet. Thus It was
with Fred Zell. of Madras. Mr. Zell
Is not the author of the more or less
famous cyclopedia which bears his
name. He is a rugged farmer who
lures golden wealth from the fertile
soil of Crook County. Like Adam In
Paradise, however, he discovered once
upon a time that it is not good to be
alone, and cast about to find him a
wife. But he committed an error at
the outset of his amorous search.
Instead of perusing the blooming
faces and pondering the enchanting
forms of the girls of Oregon, he
turned his quest to Nebraska, a land
which is known far and wide for its
race of virtuous but homely women.
Incredible as the tale may sound, Mr.
Zell offered the Omaha postmaster
$20 if he would induce one of these
moderately attractive damsels to come
to Oregon and share the luxuries of
his farm, while all around him thou
sands of beautiful maidens were pin
ing for husbands that is, for desira
ble husbands.
Fortunately for Mr. Zell the Omaha
postmaster entreated his request
harshly. Not only did this haughty
official revile the young man for his
matrimonial zeal, but he gave his let
ter to the newspapers, and made him
the laughing stock of the Nation.
Such was the reward of virtue. But
it was all for Mr. Zell's good, as he
now acknowledges. "Blessed are ye
when men shall persecute you," is
now his favorite text, for the mal
treatment he received from the
Omaha postmaster turned his wander
ing heart homeward. He set himself
to observe carefully the treasures of
beauty he had been despising, and
finally, after prolonged Journeyings up
and down the state from The Dalles to
Klamath and from Ontario to New
port, he found the star of his hope
and the light of his life In Harrisburg.
The girl whom Mr. Zell is to marry
i. ..u tn ha the nrertiest in Oregon,
n Viorfpr rioerves her than he.
after all his persevering efforts? In
these days when most men are trying
o-ot riil nf their wives. Mr. Zell
has gone through fire and water to
find one. He deserves a statue in tne
market-place and a crown of wild
olive.
WIIAT DID THE IAWTERS MEAN?
There are a half-dozen prominent
lawyers in Oregon who must feel a
little embarrassment over the threat
ened Jail delivery as a consequence of
a constitutional amendment which the
people adopted upon the advice of the
lawyers. The amendment provides
that no person shall be charged In the
Circuit Court with any criminal act,
except upon indictment found by a
grand jury. At the time this amend
ment was adopted there were pend
ing for trial a number of cases against
men who had been charged with
crime by the District Attorney. The
amendment did not make provision
for cases which had already been
commenced, and now the defendants
contend that they cannot be prose
cuted for the reason that the law
under which they were Indicted has
become void.
Quite likely the lawyers who
drafted the amendment will say that
their meaning was clear that they
did not Intend to Interfere with cases
already started. And undoubtedly they
didn't intend to leave a loop-hole for
criminals to escape, but some attor
neys contend that they did leave a
loop-hole and it will - require a Su
preme Court decision to determine the
question.
It is surely a sad state of affairs
when it takes a Supreme Court de
cision to determine what six or eight
lawyers meant when they drafted a
constitutional amendment. Even then
It might not be learned, if there were
a court of appeals to which to take
a decision of the Supreme Court.
KEEPING OCT THE JAPANESE.
Mr. Tumano, resident Consul of
Japan, makes the gratifying state
ment, backed by statistics, that there
has been a marked decrease in the
number of Japanese Immigrants of
the laboring class to tire United States
during the last half year. Not only
is this fact clearly shown, but the
number of Japanese returning from
this country to Japan since last
April has been' twice as large asthe
number of incoming Japanese.
This statement is Interesting, first
as showing that the government of
Japan has use for its subjects at
home; and second as allaying the
alarm of timid people through whose
dreams a phantom labeled "yellow
peril" has stalked for several years
past. In the words of Consul Tu
mano, "'It Is clear from this statement
that the uneasiness regarding the
Japanese immigration question Is
more imaginary than real."
The truth is that Americans, na
tive and naturalized, can have the
labor field In the United States to
themselves if they will but take pos
session of it with earnest, tranquil,
purposeful determination. The work
has got to be done, either by them
selves or others. If not by them
selves, they will be to blame.
MB. BRYAN'S PAST.
Of campaign literature the greater
part by far is trash. Few read it and
those who do get little profit from it.
It abounds in false statements, malig
nant Inferences and reasoning which
would disgust an intelligent child of six
years. One cannot help speculating
whether the money which Is spent on
campaign literature does not as a rule
injure the cause which it Is supposed
to aid. Does not the bored reader
often ask himself, "What shall I think
of a party whose leaders thus misrep
resent facts and seek to pervert my
mind by such idiotic logic?" To
pretty nearly the whole of a pam
phlet on Mr. Bryan's political past by
Charles O. Whedon, of Chicago, the
above strictures unreservedly apply.
We seriously doubt whether anybody
will ever have the patience to read
the pamphlet, ' it Is so insufferably
dull; but If any person should read it
he will be likely to finish with a bias
for the man whom It misrepresents.
Mr. Whedon has badly mistaken the
proper method of gaining political
converts, his appeal being made to
Ignorance and the direst prejudice,
whereas the average voter of our day
is neither ignorant nor greatly given
over to prejudged conclusions. What
he desires above all things is candid
statements and fair reasoning.
But there Is one part of Mr. Whe
don's pamphlet which Is amusing in
spite of its dullness. It is the section
which gives an account of Mr. Bryan's
ancient loyalty to the cause of free
silver. Inasmuch as he has deserted
this cause for which at one time he
professed himself ready to die at the
stake, these professions shine with
an entertaining light. We know
what Mr. Bryan now thinks of free
silver. He declared at Denver that it
was a dead Issue, a matter which
could no longer interest an Intelligent
voter, a ghost, a relic, a phantasm.
Gladly would the peerless orator for
get that he was ever its vowed knight.
Fain would he have everybody .else
forget it. But the Inexorable past
dogs his footsteps. The specter of his
past will not down. In the glorious
days of the pristine blossom of Mr.
Bryan's fame, when he probably set
more store by his oratorical gifts than
he does now, he Imagined the cause
of liberty and progress to be Inextri
cably entwined with the coinags of
silver money. " Just why that queer
fancy should have beset him It is hard
to decide. Why did he think silver
money so much preferable to money
made out of tin or copper, or cowry
shells? Heaven alone knows, but the
fact Is Indisputable that he erected free
silver into a fetich and dedicated to it
his heart, his soul and his tongue.
Very likely he deemed the last of
these offerings 'the most valuable. "I
believe that the gold standard is a
conspiracy against the human race,"
he said in 1896 in his speech of ac
ceptance. In the course of the cam
paign he said at Newark: "The gold
standard makes the rich richer and
the poor poorer; it decreases the num
ber of those who are happy and In
creases the number of those who are
In distress'.'; and some time afterward
he said at Minneapolis: "While the
gold standard is a good thing for the
few. It. is a bad thing for the great
majority of the American people."
Today Mr. Bryan accepts the gold
standard which he so bitterly de
nounced eight or ten years ago. This
change of opinion on his part does not
necessarily involve either Intellectual
weakness or moral depravity. Most
public men change their minds on
public questions before they fnish
their careers. Gladstone completely
reversed himself between his youth
and his old age. When he was young
Maeaulay described him as the "rising
hope of the stern and unbending
Tories." When he was old there was
n nn whom the Tories so feared and
t,ttri Mr Brvan's excuses for nis
change of mind on the silver ques
tion Is that new gold discoveries have
augmented the currency. Just as free
coinage of silver would, ana-inus me
desired effect has been obtained- In a
different iway. This sounds plausible
to some minds. It accounts for
Devon's altered nutnlon. perhaps, ana
le It waeA the on lv alteration he had
suffered, nobody would make much
ado over it. The trouble is tnat n
Is one among many flops, all of whicn
noort eirnlanatlon. so that Mr. Bryan's
time is mostly consumed in telling
people why he has aDanaonea so
many old views and welcomed so
many new ones.
But that Is not the worst of It. Mr.
Bryan's adventures with free silver
betray a fundamental defect in his
mind which unfits him for high ad
ministrative office. Ten years ago he
vowed eternal loyalty to a cause
which bv its verv nature was evanes
cent. He could not then and he can
not now distinguish between funda
mental issues and transient questions
of expediency. He is Just as liable
now as he was then to devote himself
for all eternity to some cause which
has but a day to live and utterly ig
nore those basic Issues whose decision
Involves the destinies of civilization.
The discovery of a new gold mine
reduced his heroics upon free silver to
rubbish. How long will It be before
some equally trivial event makes rub
bish of his trust theories, injunction
promises and writhings over campaign
contributions? What great, funda
mental problem has Mr. Bryan taken
up and persistently discussed In this
campaign? Does he even know that
there are such problems
Andrew Furuseth, of San Fran
cisco, "labor organizer of the Pacific
Coast," who spoke at Portland rn
Wednesday night for Bryan, has been
for many years the chief disturber of
the shipping business of Pacific ports,
and has done more than all others to
paralyze it. His specialty has been
the sailors' union, over which for a
long time he had such control as to
make it practlcallyvlmpossible for ves
sels to do business. Sailors lost im
mensely more in wages than he
ever gained for them. But Furuseth
did well for himself. It is the gen
eral history of work of this kind.
The New York Herald's report
(Sunday last) says that the state
(New York) will be won by the great
silent vote. Bryan must get it, or he
cannot win. All tests are in favor of
Taft, with persistent betting In his
favor by 3 to 1, 3 to 1, and even 4
to 1. These odds may, however,
"represent the gambler's chance."
"On the surface," the report says,
"Bryan apparently will be beaten."
But there Is uncertainty as to the de
termination of large classes of voters
In the great centers of population.
There always is.
F. J. Parker, an old Democratic
newspaper man, known all over the
Coast, now a resident of Portland, de
clares for Taft, and will vote for him.
He 'says Bryan Is a disturber of the
regular and orderly movement of in
dustry, business and ' prosperity;
and wherever he goes he finds men
saying, "Wait till we see whether
Bryan is defeated or not. Then we'll
talk about it." In Parker's opinion
they who wish to see development of
the country, yet are supporters of
Bryan, stand very much in their own
light.
A noticeable condition that has fol
lowed the late rain, is the improve
ment in the general health of our
people. Oregonians are never at their
best in a too long dry spelt of weather,
nor yet when the mercury falls below
the freezing point. But give them, in
its proper season, the warm, soft rain,
breaking occasionally into a heavy
shower and they are - healthy and
happy.
One who has lived In Oregon fifty
years and more says he never before
saw Portland paralyzed by a rain
storm. The "old settler" wasn't. Be
sides this rain storm Is not extraordi
nary. A steady sunshine of six months
had caused a lot of people to forget.
The streets will not be deserted in
consequence of a trifling rain, from
this on.
Governor Chamberlain's pet argu
ment, that the lawmaking body and
the executive should belong to oppos
ing political parties, may have con
vinced him that the Presidency and
the United States Senate should not
be Democratic both at the same time.
At any rate, the Governor declines to
take the stump for Bryan.
Henry Standing Bear, the former
Carlisle halfback, accused by his white
wife of bigamy, is the victim of edu
cation. If he had remained a blanket
Indian, his Sioux wife and three
papooses, multiplied to the full extent
of his band of ponies, would have
been the least of his troubles.
In the one year since the break-up
of the Ross bank, the idea has seized
many" persons that the Government
should stand the losses. They have
forgotten the 'punishments for Jug
gling the school fund and for receiv
ing deposits In an Insolvent bank.
Now that District Attorney Cam
eron is relieved of the necessity of
prosecuting a person who buys a cigar
or candy or a shoe shine on Sunday,
he will have more time to prosecute
Bankers Ross, Aitchison and Burk
hart. With Oie other National contests
over and Detroit still on the map, the
United States may now center its emo
tional energy on the November strug
gle. Football can wait.
In the interests of peace and good
government, why can't our quarreling
Councilmen compromise on an ordin
ance prohibiting "ladies" from enter
ing saloons?
Oregon should be thankful that
vital questions other than politics pre
sent themselves for discussion. The
apple season is on full blast.
The old aphorism, "Them as has
gits," is once more illustrated by the
fact that campaign torchlight proces
sions must use Standard oil.
It Is said that conditions of life are
so bad in Russia that the masses of
the people rather welcome cholera as
an easy way out.
If you growl at the weather, re
member the rain stayed away a long
time Just to please you.
With the rainy season comes
the nuisance that cannot be abated
the sidewalk bicyclist.
The 223th Anniversary of the FouudlBa;
of Philadelphia.
On Monday, October 5. the people of
Philadelphia began the celebration of
the 225th anniversary of the founding
of their city. The celebration was for
a week a continuous performance.
Historically the city bears a close
relation to the growth and greatness
of the United States. There the
Colonial Convention adopted the Decla
ration of Independence, which marked
the birth of the republic, which has
grown in 132 years to be the great
est nation on the globe. There also,
the convention called to frame a con
stitution for the new Nation met on
May 17, 1787, and on September 17
adopted the Constitution, which, with
Subsequent amendments, is now the
highest law of the land. The Congress
of the United States, which had been
v.oii .nmiallr for five years previous in
the City of New York, was moved to
Philadelphia in 1800, and remained
there until the National Capital was
moved to Washington in 1808. I
Trr.r ma.nv vears Philadelphia was me
r,,i eltv in noDUlatlon in the Union,
New York being the first, but within a
few decades past Chicago, rapiQiy out-c-rnwinz
ail others, became the second,
and left Philadelphia third. For the
last half century Philadelphia nas Deen
a quiet city by comparison with others,
its people being devoted to manufac
tures, in which it has led all others
in the country.
The Inquirer newspaper of Philadel
phia, sounding the praises of the city,
declares that it is a city of homes,
having more than 300,000 separate
dwellings owned by Its people, and
chiefly by their occupants, and it con
tinues: "For the real American city you must
tn Thiia1rlnhia. Anarchy never
can gain a foothold here. It is the am
bition of everyone to own nie uu
home, and when a man becomes a property-holder
his first idea Is to protect
that property. It is his. He wants
It. He is going to keep it. And the
fact that he owns his little home makes
him a good American citizen. He isn't
constantly ag-Uatlng. He isn't running
after strange gods."
He does his work and is steadily
prosperous, doesn't take to socialistic
and Brvanesque theories: and the city
will throw, for maintalnance of Its
present prosperity not less than 100.500
majority. Setting forth how the Phlla
delphian earns his living the Inquirer
says:
"He makes 28.000,000 yards of woolen
goods In the course of a year; 12,000,
000 dozen of hose and half hose; 34,
000,003 yards of worsted goods; 4,800,
000 hats; 45,000.000 yards of carpet;
2.000.00.1 suits of underwear; 180,000,
000 yards of cotton piece goods.
"These are' only examples of what
the Philadelphian does. He manufac
tures the best clothing and the best
shoes in the United States: builds be
tween 2500 and 3000 locomotives In the
course of the year; constructs battle
ships and cruisers. Why. there is
nothing thai he does not manufacture,
and on such a tremendous scale does
he do things that he produces one
twentieth of all of the manufactured
products of the country." .
These figures give some idea of
what it is to be a manufacturing city,
for Philadelphia, with nearly or quite
2.000.00D inhabitants, cuts a small fig
ure In furnishing sensational news to
the balance of the country. It shows
that this vast population is kept em
ployed and earning fair wages at many
and varied productive Industries, most
of the workpeople living In their own
homes and not in overcrowded tene
ment houses, or in unwholesome cellars
and vermin-infested garrets. There Is
room for a city of many more millions,
with work for all, and it Is going to
be one of the world's greatest hives of
human Industry. Plainly, it is good for
the people who inhabit and create
manufacturing cities If they can make
them like Philadelphia.
To Sell Ills Head for 910,000.
Amherst (Mara.) Dispatch to Philadel
phia Inquirer.
Professor John Mason Tyler Stone,
professor of biology at Amherst Col
lege and son of America's greatest
Greek scholar, Is reported to have made
an extraordinary compact with scien
tists of wealth, whereby he has sold
his head after death for $10,000.
At the college here the report was
circulated, and Professor Tyler was
asked for its verification. He declined
to make a direct statement, but said
that during his student days at Leip
zig he believes he made some such
agreement.
It is because he is reputed to have
the best-shaped head in America, with
a most extraordinary brain develop
ment, that the question becomes of in
terest to science. All the experts In
America are familiar with Professor
Tyler's head, and it Is common knowl
edge that they regard It of great value
to the scientific world.
Heavy Odd la New York on Taft.
New York Times, Oct. 10.'
What little election 'betting on the
Presidential fight is heard of still varies
from 2 to 1 to 3 to 1 on Taft. Despite
the report from Washington yesterday
that $10,000 had been bet on Taft to
2 to 1, an offer of $3000 to $1000 on Taft
was made on Wall street yesterday
with no takers.
Sympathetic.
Philadelphia Inquirer.
TounR wife (rather nervously) Oh. cook,
I must really speak to you. Your master
Is always complalnlnir. One day it Is the
soup, the second day it is the fish, the
third day It Is the Joint In fact. It is al
ways something- or other.
Cook (with feellne:) iWell, mum. I'm
sorry for you. It must be quite hawful to
live with a gentleman of that sort.
The Timid Office.
, "Washington Star.
"Tne office should seek the man," re
marked the idealist.
"Perhaps." answered Senator Sorjrhum;
"hut an office doesn't get much encourage
ment In prowling around seeking anybody.
In fact, it has to roost high to keep from
being grabbed off the perch."
Zlon" Dewle'i Estate .$S4,000,000 Shy.
Chicago Dispatch.
The estate of John Alexander Dowle,
the once-famous prophet or lon City,
111., owes $4,000,000.
, THE NEMESIS.
TfamAH J. Montague.
Bryan had a little Past he thought had
Deen luib1".
But everywhere he wandered It was John
nl. on the Knot.
When he cried, "I'm conservative! Tm
strong tor nonest meni
His Past rose up and wildly yelled. Rah!
Rah! bixieen to one.
When he said. "Labor ought to have a
fair and honest chance." -The
Past" bawled. "Yes. but Wtorklngmen
are public mendicants!"
When he said. "Down with Trusts that
would the populace despoil!"
His Past observed. "Save Haskell and his
friend, the Standard Oil!"
When Bryan yodled. "Railroads are a
thing that men mourn buiu.
Hla Past remarked unfeelingly. "They're
mighty good to Kern!"
When he said. "I have never sought my
private purse to nu:
Hla Past exclaimed. "Except, of course,
from Mr. Bennett's will!"
"I stand upon my record." often Bryan
would declare.
And then hla Past would whisper. "Boys.
there ain't no record there!"
He dodred about and in and out. and
when men saw him last.
He still was vainly seeking to eecape from
Utile Past.
New York American.
Offers to Bet Bb Momey Ohio Will
Give 50,000 to Taft.
Cincinnati Enquirer, October 10.
George B. Cox said yesterday that Taft
will carry Ohio, New York and Indiana,
thus disposing of the three states that
Chairman Hitchcock regards as doubtful
and in which the chairman has concen
trated the efforts of Mr. Taft for the re
mainder of the campaign.
"Ohio," said Mr. Cox, "will, give 125.000
for Taft and T5.0O0 for Harris for Gover
nor. Hamilton County will give Mr. Taft
15.000 plurality, but It is likely that Gov
ernor Harris will lose It. on account of
the liquor question.
"New York will give a good plurality
for Taft, but I think that Hughes will
run way behind the ticket and will be de
feated unless Taft's plurality is sufficient
ly big to pull the Governor through. There
is no question that there is Intense feel
ing against Hughes in the cities, and he
must rely on the country to pull him
through..
"Now, It is not tne popularity ui juubj
Taft that will carry these states. It is the
fear of Bryan. Had Gray or Johnson
been nominated by the Democrats, either
would have carriea ivew ium u vmv.
inntpd. the DeoDle will
choose the smaller of the two evils."
Mr. Cox was asked II ne oeiievea mat
the fear of Bryanism was still a tangible
quantity, as in 1SS6 and 1900.
"It is growing every day," said the boss.
"And the thing that has made it strong
i t n famcnt thAt he WOUld not
take a second term. You can get to a
man who wants -to succeru imuwcu. uu.
you can t get any line on what a man
like Bryan a one-man President for one
term will do.
"I have no doubt in the world. Mr.
Ann,tnA that -Tndfl- Taft will car
ry Indiana. The calling of the extra ses
sion Ot the legisiaiure aim m
of the local-option law has united all the
church and temperance people, and has
eliminated the temperance question from
the campaign. I know that Governor
Hanly was denounced by his own party
as a fool for having done this thing, but
I regard it as a stroke of genius, and the
election will prove it, I am sure. What
will happen to the state ticket I don't
know, as I understand they have other
local troubles in the state that I am not
familiar with.
"But It is a cinch that New York will
go Republican for the National ticket
Hughes may be beaten, but his nomina
tion was a good piece of pollticls. It
solidified the up-state Republicans that
might have split on the National ticket
If Hughes had been turned down.
r-,v.t ...ill wwf T?Ar,i,hlinn with the fttr-
lMllu n in e," --Tt
ures I said before. - I will take all the
two-to-one money tney want io oner on
these figures, and all the even money
they can get together on 60,000 for Taft."
PROTECTION FROM FOREST FIRES
Reform In Present Laws ecesary If
Timber la Not to Be Destroyed.
DRAIN. Or.. Oct. 7. (To the Editor.)
As I have been a reader of The Ore-
gonian for several years, and read so
much about forest fires, l nave con
eluded to give my views to the public
once more through the columns of your
DaDer.
In the first nlace. there have been the
most destructive fires to timber and
human life during the past, Summer
that I have any knowledge of, and so
long as the same policy is followed up,
it will be no better and very likely a
great deal worse in the future.
Most people know what the law is in
regard to forestry, and there are some
of us who know that the laws are rad
ically wrong, and if there are not some
different laws put on our statute books
and a different policy adopted there
will be no end to the destruction of
forests and human life within the next
10 or 15 vears.
Now. I know something of the condi
tion of the forests of Oregon, as well
as other states. Instead of putting
men In the timber to keep the fire out.
put more men in the timber early in
the Summer, just as soon as tne tnicK
est of the brush will burn, and before
the fire will run, and burn out the
thick patches first and later In the 6ea
son burn the thinner places, and by
this means the underbrush can be kept
out and very little damage would be
done to any kind of timber. By this
means. In a very few years the danger
of fires would be very much less. When
It becomes necessary for persons to cut
timber, they should be compelled to
burn up after their work at least once
eacn year, under penalty.
But If the same conditions prevail
for the next 10 or 15 years that have
prevailed for the last few years, and
the fire Is kept out of the brush and
the dead ferns and brush and other
trash is allowed to accumulate, it will
only be a few years till there will be
such a mass of dry brush and leaves
that the time will come when the fire
will get a start and the breeze will be
right and then the inhabitants of our
great country will begin to realize
their condition.
But If our lawmakers will take this
matter up and the Government will see
that their part of the work is done, as
above mentioned, there Is no doubt in
my mind but what there will be a great
deal more protection to life and proper
ty than under the preBent system.
M. R. RYAN.
BIG DEMOCRAT BOLTS BRYAJT
Congressman From Xeiv Jersey Goea on
Stump for Taft.
From Circular of Republican National
Committee.
Eugene Walter Leake, Democratic Rep
resentative in Congress from New Jersey,
called at Republican National Committee
headquarters today to offer his services
on the stump for William H. Taft.
Though he has been a stanch Democrat
all his life, he is bitterly opposed to
William Jennings Bryan and because he
believes that the election of Bryan to
the Presidency would mean the greatest
calamity to the country since the Civil
War, he Is ready to exert himself to the
utmost to aid the election ol judge rait.
In speaking about the National cam
paign today. Representative .LaKe assert
ed with emphasis that Bryan had In
grafted upon the Democratic party the
principles of Populism and Socialism, and
virtually had wrecked the party. He
called Mr. Bryan a fanatic, a cratty seeK
er after votes, and finally "a political
brainstorm." Despite the picturesque
terms which he applied to Bryan, Rep
resentative Leake discussed logically
and clearly his reasons for bolting the
Democratic party. . The keynote to his
talk was patriotism, and he pointed out
that regard for the Nation's Interest
was higher than mere party loyalty,
The young Congressman, who was
elected by a large majority from a Jer
sey City district, has been a keen stu
dent of politics and government all his
life. On the stump he has voiced his
principles with telling force, being an
orator of ability, and has a manner that
wins friends for him everywhere. He
will speak at Republican rallies
throughout the Eastern States during
this month.
Eggs Hatched la a Slck-Ded.
Cincinnati (O.) Dispatch.
Mrs Samuel Wilcox, of Triumph, O.,
believing that eggs placed in the bed
of a typhoid fever patient would cure
the disease, tried the plan on her hus
band, with the result that the eggs
were hatched, tjut her husband did not
Improve.
Dwarf Camel, Sise of Goat.
lummlA IWvo.l Disnatch.
T7iAAne ti TT T.nnmi of ATnhernt
College, says he has discovered a dwarf
camel, the size or a goat, near jusk
Wyo.
Fault la the Normal School System
Poleted Out i Remedies Suggested.
Recent discussion of the normal
school problem has brought out several
important assertions, which, because
they come from authoritative sources,
may be accepted as true and which may
form the basis for a few suggestions
as to remedies for existing conditions.
Here are some of the facts set forth
by those who believe that the people
should more liberally support the nor
mal school system:
Only ten per cent of the teachers in
the public schools are normal grad-
yates.
Over half the teachers in the public
schools have had no preparation for
their work except what they received
as pupils in the eight grades of the
common schools.
The average annual salaary of teach
ers is about $300. '
The average length of service of a
teacher is about three years.
The real problem is to change our
normal school system so that as large
a proportion of the teachers as pos
sible will secure special training for
their work before they begin teaching.
In other words, it is desired that these
young men and women who now enter
the public schools as teachers with no
other preparation than that secured as
pupils in the common schools, shall be
Induced to pursue special courses for
teachers after they have completed the
eighth grade. The demand in Oregon
la not only for more teachers but for
teachers who are better qualmed tor
their work.
Before considering remedies a few
words of historical review may be
profitable. Ten years ago, and even
within a shorter time, the laws of this
state permitted each of the four nor
mal schools to manage its own affairs
and to graduate students after they
had completed a three-year course and
passed an examination satisfactory to
the members of the several iacumcs.
which students were given upon grad
uation a diploma that authorized them
to teach in the public schools without
further examination. The paper thus
obtained was a life diploma.
Much fault was found with this sys
tem because the normal schools turned
out many teachers who were incompe
tent but who, nevertheless, held life
diplomas. At that time the normals
had no training departments such as
have been established since. As a
remedy against the practice then ex
isting the laws were changed from
time to time and the work of the nor
mals was altered until now we have
what is practically a five-year normal
course at the completion of which the
student may receive a diploma which
stands as the equivalent of 30 months
teaching experience. A normal grad
uate having such a diploma has no au
thority to teach, but by taking the re
quired state examination may secure a
state certificate in. the usual form, the
normal diploma merely taking the place
of the required experience. Attendance
at the normals has steadily decreased
and, under present regulations, is like
ly" to continue to decrease.
It seems very probable that the man
agers of the normal school pystem have
been dicouraglng these eighth-grade
teachers from pursuing a normal course
which would better fit them for work
in the public schools. When a boy or
girl completes the common school course
under present regulations there are two
ways in which the teaching profession
may be entered:' first by taking the
countv examination for a third-grade
certificate; second, by taking a five
year normal course, securing the nor
mal diploma and then taking the state
examination for a state certificate. Let
any person imagine himself In the po
sition of the graduate from the eighth
grade and ask himself what he would
do if he wanted to become a teacher.
Few would begin that five-year course.
Nearly all would seek to begin teaching
at once, thereby gaining through ex
perience, while drawing a salary, the
practical knowledge of pedagogy that
the five-vear course is designed to im
part A five-year course that does not
terminate with a teacher s diploma has
few attractions to the boy or girl who
has a living to make.
It may be granted that a student who
has completed a five-year normal course
Is better prepared to teach than is one
who has completed only a three-year
course.- But the real problem is not
to secure the best possible teachers.
The problem is to Induce these BO per
cent of all our teachers, who go Into
the public schools after completing the
eighth grade, to take some special
training for their work. Instead of
providing a normal course which wilt
meet the needs of these Inexperienced
and untrained teachers the managers of
the normal school system have lifted
the normal school beyond the reach
of these voung people and removed
the strongest Inducements to the pur
suit of a normal school course.
Instead of depriving the normal
schools of the power to grant a diplo
ma which .would be an authority to
teach, the laws and regulations should
have been changed so that the exami
nations for graduation would be reas
onably strict and then the diploma
should have been changed from a life
diploma to a short term diploma which
would become a life diploma if the
holder should continue in the work of
teaching in the public schools.
In establishing the five-year course,
the normal school board has made com
pletion of the ninth grade a qualifi
cation for admission and has prescribed
a four-year normal course on top of that.
This makes the five years above the
eighth grade. The ninth grade work
is purely high school work with no
pedagogical training. Many of the
young people who complete the eighth
grade have no ninth grade within their
reach. After the present year they
cannot enter the normal without com
pleting the ninth grade. This in itself
encourages eighth grade graduates to
begin teaching without special train
ing for their work. Moreover, the
first year of the normal course con
tains only two recitations a week In
pedagogy and prescribes no Practice
teaching whatever. Thus It will be
seen that even If an eighth-grade grad
uate should pursue the ninth grade
and then enter, a normal. It would be
two years before any practical train
ing for teaching would be secured.
There Is no Inducement for a boy or
girl to- take even a short course in a
normal.
These observations suggest the fol
lowing changes: Let the normal
schools admit graduates from tne
eighth grade; let the three-year normal
courses be restored: let the first and
every year of the course have a peda
gogical training as its strongest feature-
let the completion of the course
result in a diploma which constitutes
an authority to teacn ior icwu
thr
iree years, wnicn aipioma win
j j iAeinitAiv if the holder con-
te
iUUCll --
lot an additional tWO-
tl
year course be provided for those who
can and will pursue it tn umoi
to prepare themselves for work as
tcftohr8e
These suggestions will probably call
from the normal school people the cry
that it is proposed to lower educational
standards by changing a five-year
course to a three-year course. But
this will be a raising of educational
standards if it induces young people
to take a normal course instead of be
ginning work as teachers without any
preparation except completion of the
eighth grade. , And that is the desired
result.