Morning Oregonian., October 13, 1908, Page 8, Image 8

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VORTXA-M. TIESOAY, T. II. 1908-
A ntUl.
We hear much of the alienation that
men of the labor unions will vote
against Taft. The effort is. in fact, a
Bryan propaganda. Some of the labor
union men of Portland are active in
It. It 1 a question for the order with
which, they are associated, whether the
prder Is to be turned Into a political
or party machine.
But. no matter what the radical
leader of the Bryan movement among
the unions may do. It is certain that
there are many members of the
unions who will still maintain their
rights as Independent citizens, and re-fu.-e
to vote for Bryan. Not a few.
who are Republicans on principle, will
vote for Taft.
" In all associations, that deal with the
practical aftairs of life, there are radi
cal and revolutionary members. They
are aggressive and noisy; yet they may
not be a majority. The quiet mem
bers, however, are un willing to wran
"cle with them; and so the aggressive
and violent UJte the lead, and com
jnit the name of the order or associ
ation to purposes foreign to those for
which It was organized and exists.
Yet It -always has been the profession
jof the labor unions that they are not
loUtical or partisan organizations.
. However, if the labor unions of the
Vountry are to engage in political ac-
k. rxmnrlrpd that the
4.MIIJ, It ""J v . . J
hest and most needy of a'.l fields fori
their reform propaganaa is ine un
challenged Democratic states of the
South, where thus far labor unions
.have scarcely been permitted t exist,
and where ail legislation fo- improve
ment of the condition of the working
Classes Is steadily refused.
.lr. Bryan's party is in absolute
control of a dozen great states, where
all effort and all legislation for better
conditions for the working people are
Ignored. Child labor and long hours
mnd poor sanitary conditions and low
wages rule In those states, without a
protest from Bryan and his party,
i'roin Mr. Bryan's labor politicians In
Portland The Oregonlan suggests a
memorial to Sir. Bryan himself, on
his Interesting subject. It might be
made one of the most notable docu
ments of the campaign,
i
i
J EFKFXTS OF BIRTH RANK.
To be proud of a splendid line of
ancestry is very well may even be
commendaWe and yet good ancestry,
tike Inherited wealth, may prove to be
a detriment rather than a benefit.
Truly, the man who has In his veins
the blood of men and women who
ere in their day distinguished for
filgh character. Intelligence and
achievement, has a great advantage
over the man who Inherits a tendency
to evil ways and low ambitions. The
opportunities which await the former
pre Immeasurably greater than those
which open before the latter and pre
sumably his ability to grasp the op
portunity is far superior. Neverthe
less, there Is everywhere noted a ten
dency among young people to rest
upon the laurels won by ancestors and
not to strive for new attainments
themselves. When chided for their in
dolence and noisiness a flock of geese
responded that their ancestors saved
Rome, yet were forced to admit that
they had done nothing. In this re
spect they were not unlike many per
sons who cackle continually over the
greatness of helr fathers and grand
fathers. To be "well-born" places upon a
young; man or young woman an added
responsibility, for it may reasonably
be expected that one possessing inher
ited strength of mind and character"
will be able to accomplish more in the
world than one who lacks this Initial
advantage. Ancestors who became
are&t did not win renown because of
what their fathers did, but because
of their own achievements, and no de
scendant will ever be remembered long
after he Is dead, if he has nothing
else in his career worth mentioning
lave that he was well-born. Perhaps
It might be truthfully said that inherit
ed wealth is as often an Injury as a
benefit to a young man. for it tends to
make industry unnecessary and there
by encourages Idleness, and even vice.
To a less extent Inheritance of a great
family name exerts a similar Influ
ence, for descendants of great men
are likely to be lulled Into Inactivity
by the credit they receive merely
as sons of their fathers. If failure in
life Is ever a disgrace it is doubly so
In the case of the young man who has
the advantage of good birth.
Whether a man has reason to be
"proud of his ancestors depends upon
what they have done for him. and It
remains for him to prove what they
have done. If they transmitted to him
the qualities that made them great,
he has reason to be proud, but until
he has demonstrated his possession
of their commendable talents and
traits, r.o one will long concede that
he has them. And if he has them not,
noble ancestry has availed him noth
ing. The son of a great statesman, a
great soldier or a great enterpriser,
who spends his time in Idleness. Is as
fit an object of contempt as the thor
oughbred horse that balks In the har
ness. The horse that wor't work is
neither a useful animal himself nor Is
he a safe sire for a succeeding gene
ration. The same is true of men.
Pride of ancestry is commendable only
when accompanied by efforts which
ire calculated to make ancestors
proud of their descendants. To be the
mediocre son of a great father is far
less creditable than to be the great
son of a mediocre father.
Jt is frequently asserted that no man
should be condemned for the wrongs
.tommitted by his father or mother,
and in a sense, this Is true, yet every
sjtjioti wbo .a aA-evil ascostrx must
expect to be held in question until he
has shown that he did not Inherit or
has overcome the low characters they
possessed. A colt should not be
whipped, for the meanness of his sire,
yet a buyer of horses would be foolish
If he Invested In a eolt known to be
from vicious ancestors and failed to
guard against the mean traits likely to
be manifested. The man who has an
Ignoble ancestry must expect to be
watched and to be held under sus
picion, not, however, as a criminal,
but as one likely to become a criminal.
Because of his ancestry there rests
upon him the greater need of showing
by his own acts that he does not pos
sess the weaknesses or vices of his
progenitors. A man has occasion to
be proud or ashamed of his ancestry
only to the extent that he has inher
ited their characters and abilities,
which inheritance is presumed,
though not conclusively.
PIVOTAL. NEW YORK.
The registration In Greater New
York (City) is 33.428 lower, or less
than the registration for the same
days of 1S04. This may mean
and would seem to mean more
loss to the majority than to tne mi
nority, party. But there Is one more
day for registration.
It Is complained that the new regis
try law, and the questions required
by It, stop many persons, who are
"sensitive and nervous." when sub
jected to the tests. Very probably.
The man who wishes to vote Illegally
Is very likely to show embarrassment
If required to answer plain and sharp
questions when he goes to register.
In Greater New York Bryan must
get more than 100,000 majority to
win. Will he get it? He probably
must get. In Greater New York, 120.
000 majority, to win. Will he get it?
It is possible, but by no means prob
able. Careful estimates, from Impar
tial sources, place the Bryan majority
In Greater New York much 'below
100,000. This Is a Democratic major
ity very seldom exceeded. It was ex
ceeded In 1892, when President Cleve
land was elected. It was exceeded
again in 1902 on Governor when
the Republicans nevertheless carried
the state. But Bryan was actually
beaten In the City of New York In
1896, and In 1900 he carried it by
only about 26.000. Parker carried it
against Roosevelt in 1904 by a larger
majority a little over 40,000. Hughes
was beaten 1n the city by 67,000 In
1906, yet carried the state by nearly
64.000.
The election is in the cities of New
York and Chicago but New York Is
most important, Chicago merely sec
ondary. Unless he shall obtain in the
City of New York a majority exceed
ing 100,000, Bryan cannot be elected.
But the City of New York, more favor
able to Parker than to Bryan, gave
Parker only 40,000.
There la no Intent to predict any
thing. But how Is Bryan to get 100.
000 to 120,000 majority over Taft In
the City of New York?
TUX OVERDUE RAIN.
Oregon has had dry Autumns be
fore this, but of course this one Is the
"dryest ever," to those who are short
of memory and long when It comes to
complaining. Men who at that time
were engaged in the transportation
business on the Upper Willamette will
recall the -rainless Autumn of 1S63,
when December found the steamboats
tied to the banks above the falls wait
ing for water of sufficient depth to
float them. This was before the rail
road was built and, except for the long
hauls of farmers with their teams, the
river was the only means whereby
wheat could be got to the mill or the
market. The old Standard Mills at
Mllwaukie, after clamoring vainly for
grist, had to close down for lack of
it; stocks of village and country mer
chants ran low; farmers chafed be
cause of their dry fields and deferred
plowing and still the promise of the
leaden skies was unfulfilled. Finally
the rain came and so copiously did it
fall that the boating stae of the river
lasted far into the next Summer, crops
were abundant, and plenty, as usual
reigned.
This Is not one of the dry Autumns
of the past; such seasons have been
relatively few. So while the present
conditions are exceptional In the Wil
lamette Valley, they are not unprece
dented and they have never been fol
lowed by a shortage, still less a fail
ure of the next year's crops. So, while
rain Is long overdue, and we shall
all be glad when it comes, there Is no
occasion to worry over results of its
long delay.
MB. HABRIMAX S PROFITABLE HOBBY.
When the car shortage, locomotive
shortage and sidetrack shortage was
at Its height about two years ago,
complaint was made to Mr. Harriman
over his failure to provide more equip
ment. He acknowledged the shortage
but said that he had been remedying
the evil in an effective and permanent
manner by reducing curves, cutting
down grades, building heavier bridges
and laying heavier rails, thus increas
ing the hauling power of his engines
and the speed ax which traffic could
be moved. By this method an ad
ditional car or two on every train, in
the aggregate released a larca number
of locomotives. The saving in time
made possible the moving of an in
creased amount of freight over the
quantity that could be moved under
former conditions. Besides the loco
motives would wear out and the
grad s and curves would never be re
established. It was through this Improvement
of the physical condition of his roads
as well as In the strengthening of his
money reserves so that he was In po
sition to come to the rescue of the
Erie, the Gould system and a few
other lines that Mr. Harriman added
greatly to his reputation as a far
sighted railroader and financier. Noth
ing, however, in all of his spectacular
career has caused so much favorable
comment on his policy of maintaining
the physical condition of the Harri
man properties at the highest possible
standard as the remarkable showing
made in the report of Southern Pa
cific and Union Pacific earnings for
August. The latter road with gross
earnings showing a decrease of about
J 30.000 actually made an increase in
net earnings of more than 681,000.
The Southern Pacific In the amount
of Its net earnings did not show up
quite so well as the Union Pacific, the
increase being but $109,000; still, the
showing becomes even more remark
able than that of Union Pacific -when
it ts noted that this increase was ob
tained in the face of a decrease of
11.622.000 In gross earnings.
In other words, the operating ex
penses of these two roads were cut
more than 32.200.000 In a single
month, a saving that could not pos
sibly be effected were the roads In
other than the best physical condition.
When Mr. Harriman in but little more
tLaa Uicc roan' uUao cuaadjad sl7&-
000.009 in improving the physical con
dition of the Union Pacific and allied
lines, the wisdom of the performance
was questioned by many prominent
railroad men. Some of the stock
holders who were deprived of divi
dends while the work of reconstruc
tion was going on. made serious ob
jection. But the wisdom of the pol
icy has been quite plainly shown and
the proof comes at a time when it
will have great weight with other
railroad managers who have kept the
dividend rate up at the expense of the
maintenance and improvement ac
count. PCVAUZTNT, THRIFT.
"Penalizing Integrity and thrift," is
the term in which Professor J. Law-,r,r-o
T-niiB-hlin. of the Chicago Uni
versity, describes Mr. Bryan's plan for
guaranteeing bank deposits. Pro
fessor Laughlin Is not a banker but
he has a very clear understanding of
the sound business principles on which
legitimate banking is founded. In his
address before the American Bankers'
Association at Denver a few days ago.
Professor Laughlin maae a sirous
expose of the fallacies of the deposit
n..ohtv -rem The Dre-eminent
feature of the Bryan plan for insuring
deposits, as Is well Known, requires an
banks, good and bad alike, to con
iiHhit in nrorjortion to their deposits
to a fund to pay off depositors, in
bankrupt concerns. un ims poun
Professor Laughlin quite pertinently
says:
The mora euccaeaful tna bank, tne larger
lta depoaita. the more It must pay Into the
tund; the leas successful a bank la In lm-pr.asln-
the publio with lta security, the
leaa It pave Into the bank fund. The suc
cessful are to pay for the mismanagement
of the unsuccessful.
Professor Laugh-.
iin are so nlaln and reasonable that
they cannot be questioned by anyone
to whom the English language can
convey a clear meaning. But actual
m-nnt r,f th truth of the assertion in
plain official figures is supplied by
the Boston Transcript. ine xrajis
crlpt states that had Mr. Bryan's de
posit guarantee plan Deen in enecx tor
the past ten years, the depositors in
the Massachusetts banks would have
hoen nhlta-ed to Day into the guarantee
fund $14,198,411 while they would
have received $39,070. in otner
words. they would have been
nT,.ii7ri tr. the extent of $14. 000. 000
for their thrift and good judgment in
placing their money in weu-manageu
banks.
Similar results are noted In Con
necticut. The annual assessment or
one-eighth of 1 per cent, calculated as
necessary tinder the terms of the
Ri-van-Williams guarantee bill now
before Congress, In the past ten years
would have cost the Connecticut de
positors $4,285,547. and during tnat
period the depositors would have re
ceived but $31,387. This scheme to
maka rarefullv managed' banks re
sponsible for the losses caused by badly
managed banks will hardly appeal
with very great force to people who
believe that savings made possible by
thrift. Bfonomv and honesty should
not be used to liquidate the debts in
curred by dishonest or careless Bann
ers. Paternalism In some features
riaa run to irreat lengths in this coun
try, but we have not yet reached a
point where a majority or tne people
are in favor of penalizing thrift and
good management by making it liable
for dishonesty and bad management.
A PANACEA.
Dr. Samuel J. Barrows mentions
three remedies for "the social evil,"
all of which are mere palliatives and
not cures by his own account. "We
who have dealt with moral problems
In New York have never hit upon a
panacea for the evil," he admits.
Those who have dealt with moral
problems elsewhere are In the same
boat, though they are not always can
did enough to confess it. Some nine
teen hundred years ago a panacea was
proposed for this and all the other
evils of mankind. The world accepted
the panacea many centuries since and
with a good deal of pomp and parade
has been pretending to apply It all
these thousand years. But the evils
remain much as they were in the first
place. Either the remedy Is a failure
or in spite of our long experience, we
have not learned how to apply it.
Ever since Constantine saw the vic
torious symbol In the sky the Lamb
qui tollit peccata mundi has reigned
sole monarch of the civilized world,
and yet Dr. Barrows and everybody
else with him have to confess that our
sins and the sinners who commit them
still present an insoluble problem.
But let us not Judge hastily. It
would be rash to accuse Christianity
of failure until it has been tried. The
simple truth Is that the really funda
mental doctrines of Jesus Christ never
have been accepted in practice by any
considerable body of so-called Chris
tians, and we therefore know nothing
whatever of the way they would work.
The very sound of them frightens us.
We say they would confiscate - prop
erty, overthrow society, annihilate
government and so, with that sinuous
ingenuity which seldom forsakes our
spiritual guides in a pinch, these doc
trines are "interpreted" into thin air
and we complacently continue to seek
a panacea for the social evil as if none
had ever been found. Very likely
what we are after Is something easy,
some social remedy that can be ap
plied without sacrifice or trouble. By
and by such a one may be found, per
haps. That a problem never has been
solved is no reason for saying that It
never will be. It took the brightest
wits of the human race two thousand
years to find out exactly the relation
between the diameter of a circle and
the circumference. Every little while
some Archimedes gave out word that
he had found pi. the magic ratio, but
invariably somebody else soon proved
that he hadn't. Thus the game went
on century after "century until finally
a Gerrftan mathematician proved that
pi never could be found. Then, and
not before, the world gave a sigh of
relief and began to fuss about some
thing else. Next to solving a problem
the most satisfactory thing on earth
is to prove that It cannot be solved.
The social evil is like pi in some re
spects. Many great philosophers,
among them Mayor Lane, have fan
cied that they knew all about It only
to make the sad discovery presently
that they knew nothing at all.
But the social evil also differs from
pi, because, however difficult the so
lution may be. It has not been proved
that there Isn't any. Precipitate wit
nesses testify that there Isn't any, but
they do not know it. They are only
guessing. There may be a solution
and it may be a very easy one. Doz
ens of problems have puzzled every
body century after century and then
turned out to be the simplest things
imaginable. The problem of supply
ing mankind with clothing Is a case In
point. The ancients could not do it.
The rich could barely keep themselves
comfortably clad by the aid of slaves,
aad in av yrajui eiixaate, fat ttat. eVs
TUESDAY,
, ,, ,, . - -. - " " V nnvsW I nuvn ai fri nRFTI WAITERS
T- .!.,ki. nnnr it was never
thought of. any more than we tnlnK or
making our Magdalens respectable
matrons. But in course of time Watts
ferreted out the secret of steam
power, machinery to apply tt ln"
vented, and now mo have so many
garments that they glut the markets
and throw us Into panics.
The solutions of long-standing prob
lems are usually pretty simple. Very
often the plainest truths are the hard
est to perceive. The abhorred Mor
mons found a cure for the social evil,
though perhaps It was worse than the
disease. During their control of Utah
there was no poverty, no social evil,
no drunkenness. When the Gentiles
. . thav Introduced
all three in the good old civilized
style, but of course tne mincmci.
more than compensated by the' purer
faith which they also Introduced.
Some attribute the health and happi
ness of the Mormons to polygamy, but
inrh tn heiieve that Christian
matrimony necessarily entails vice and
disease. If it did then tne Monam
medan form of the family would al
most seem preferable.' The true se
cret of that individual welfare which
the Mormons attained is round rawier
In their Ingenious method of making
each mature person economically In
dependent.
It may be aourxea wnemer
weuld be a "social evil" if every
woman had a sure means of making
a comfortable living. There would be
loose females, of course, out mcy
would not lapse Into that grisly hor--nrhifk
nnv ennfronta us. They
would seldom fall past redemption.
Their case would De more line ui
men who sin end repent. Even now
repentance Is permitted to wealthy
Magdalens. It is only the poor who
are trodden Inexorably into the mire.
Dr. Barrows' suggestion of "educa
tion," therefore, lets in a ray of light.
Suppose we begin now and teacn
every girl henceforth born how to
enm an honest living and then see to
it that the chance to earn it never falls
her. The effect upon the "social evil
would be something wonderful.
The manner ln which the United
States is suffering for want of a ship
subsidy and the American ships which
it is supposed to bring with it Is sim
ply distressing. It might interest some
nf V.a riiinee. nf the SUbsidV bunCO
steerers who committed the Trans-Mis
sissippi Congress to an Indorsement oi
the graft to study an Ottawa dispatch
ln Sunday's Oregonian. This dispatch
tells of the movement of - 1,000,000
bushels of Canadian wheat to Ameri
can ocean ports for shipment to Eu
rope. It Is further said that 6,000,000
bushels more have been sold for ship
ment by the same route. This diver
sion of traffic, from the Canadian ports
Is due exclusively to the enormous
amount of ocean tonnage avaname in
all American ports. There is not only
enough of this tonnage to carry all
American products to the world's
markets at the lowest rates on record,
but as the movement of Canadian
wheat shows there Is enough for the
traffic of our less-favored competitors
ln the wheat business.
Eight years ago Debs got 87,814
votes for the Presidency, and four
years ago 402,283. His party now ex
pects to throw for him 1,000,000 bal
lots. This vote probably will be drawn
most from the Democratic party, and
the Prohibition vote will be drawn
chiefly from the Republicans. This
vote in 1904 was 258,550. It is not
possible to say -whether it will be
greater or less now. But probably It
will be greater. It was 209,062 in
1900.
It is Judge Gantenbeln's opinion
that the laws to prevent "Sabbath
breaking" in this state are unconsti
tutional. This, however, does not af
fect the police power of the state.
Again, the law discriminates in favor
of certain occupations, which clearly
are as "profane" as those inhibited.
It is recommended to all whom it may
concern to read the opinion through.
The football season has opened
again and many students will divide
their attention between books- and
sport. It might be well for them to
glance through the list of the world's
illustrious men and see how many
achieved enduring fame by Intellect
ual attainments and how many are
renowned because of superiority of
muscular power.
Seventeen players rendered uncon
scious and five eo badly injured that
they had to be taken to the hospital
was the record made In a football
game at Schenectady, N. Y., Satur
day. It is gratifying to note that the
brutal features of the game have been
so successfully eliminated without in
terfering ln the least with the busi
ness of physicains and surgeons.
"Is anybody," asks the New York
Sun, '.'publishing the receipts of the
Democratic State Committees, or
limiting the size of contributions to
them?" Nay, verily; and in New
York the receipts from gamblers of all
sorts, and ln Indiana the receipts from
the liquor men who are trying for re
peal of the local option law, pass all
precedents.
When your balloon bursts 4000 feet
ln the air there is nothing to do but
go down with It. It's different gen
erally when your ship is-wrecked.
The man who invents a successful
aerial lifeboat will meet a long-felt
want.
A bank at La Grande has failed.
We suppose banks of Portland ought
to have guaranteed. Its deposits, and
the money of depositors here used to
make the losses good. That would be
banking on the Bryan plan.
The colored voter who feels in
censed over the Brownsville affair
might do well to remember that "no
niggers ln the Army" Is the sentiment
of the controlling element of the Dem
ocratic party.
Among other great orators not sum
moned to take part ln the National
campaign Is Uncle Joe Cannon. How
ever, Uncle Joe is not being over
looked. He Is having troubles of his
own.
All those Balkan states, it seems,
were hungry for war until they
learned that the other fellow was .even
hungrier. Naturally the war cloud is
passing.
Editor Hearst didnt come, and so
he will not read any Standard Oil
letters ln Portland. But he has leave
to print. -
Well, this Is certain: "The Peer
less. 1" Is no longer claiming to be the
heir of Roosevelt.
Is the campaign in Oregon really
ppeq, os It Just clieat, 1
1908.
I A A.r a n. a a v . . -T -
Celebrated Cerraaeadnt's Views aa
sanation la Middle West.
Raymond's Letter in Chicago .Tribune.
Politically speaking, this 600-mlle
trip has unquestionably helped Mr.
Taft in his race for the Presidency. It
made him known to a million or two
people, and other millions were grati
fied that he came into their vicinity. It
is unfair to Judge of the prospects of
a Presidential candidate by the crowds
he draws along the route, but it is ab
solutely certain that Mr. Taft's great
campaigning tour has dispelled any
feeling of indifference which existed
In the states he visited, and has stirred
up the workers as nothing else could
have done.
Going back over the results of the
trip and making allowances for undue
local enthusiasm, I should be Inclined
to group the states ln the following
table:
FOR TAFT. 1 FOR BRYAN.
Illinois IT Missouri ..........18
Wisconsin 13 DOUBTFtjLr.
Iowa I3jlndiana 15
Minnesota ll;Kansas 10
Oa...v. T-.nl. a linirii,k& ...... S
V ,.-H. Tlabnla ' 4 Colorado .......... 6
Ohio 231
Total 5 - Total 88
Of these doubtful states, the Indica
tions are entirely favorable to Taft. In
fact, the Republican leaders in Nebras
ka and Kansas consider it an insult to
k,v thru ntates Dlaced anywhere ex
cept in the sure Republican column.
Colararla is doubtful, and I have yet to
ee anyone who can make an accurate
forecast of the result ln Indiana,
e e e
Unless all signs fail, Mr. Bryan ought
to carry Missouri by a comparatively
small majority, although Mr. Taffs re
ception in that "state was wonderfully
enthusiastic and the people there
seemed to be as much impressed as
anywhere with the danger or risicing
the period of prosperity to a change in
the Government. On the other hand,
the fight between Folk and Stope for
the Senatorial seat is likely to bring
out an immense Democratic vote, and
this will help Bryan, because the pri
mary ticket Is arranged In such a way
that It can be voted only by those who
cast a straight Democratic ballot.
Four years ago, when President
Roosevelt carried Missouri, many Dem
ocrats voted for him, but many more
stayed at home. This year, with a full
vote, Bryan will be the principal gain
er, and the best Judges in both parties
say he will carry the state beyond all
doubt.
Local leaders in Kansas and Nebras
ka, as has been said, insist that those
states are absolutely certain for Taft.
Thit mav be so. but the chances are, at
least in the case of Nebraska, that it
will be late election night before the
result la known. In Omaha, Lincoln
and other cities the early returns are
likely to be unfavorable to the Repub
licans. The same thing will be true of
Colorado and Kansas. In the latter
state, which is largely agricultural,
the labor population Is massed at the
irrunt railroad centers, and is largely
composed of railroad men. Many of
them, who voted for Roosevelt, will
vote for Bryan. Quite a large section
of worklngmen will vote for Debs, and
the Socialist vote ln Kansas is likely
to be two or three times as great as it
was four years ago.
e e
In Nebraska, state pride naturally
helpa,Mr. Bryan, and in addition to that
he has made an exceedingly effective
campaign among the laboring men. In
these two states, as well as in Colo
rado, the result will almost certainly
be decided by the extent of the rural
vote. Bad weather, heavy rain or snow
mirht cost the ReDUbllcane either Ne
braska, Colorado or Kansas. With a
bright day and the usual Indian Sum
mr weather, the chances are that the
agricultural vote, which is solidly for
Taft, including a large percentage ot
Democratic farmers, will overcome the
disaffection among the laboring men ln
the cities.
s o
LABOR IS ADVISED TO ORGANIZE
Mr. Taft Shows Where He Stands In
Economic Matters.
(From a public speech delivered by Mr.
T.n .t ntrnlt. Mich.. Auruat 2S. 1905.)
While It is in the common interest of
labor and capital to increase the fruits
of production, yet in determining a share
of each their interests are plainly op
posed. Though the law of supply and de
manri will rlmihtless In the end be the
most potent Influence in fixing this divis
ion, yet during the gradual adjustment,
capital will surely have the advantage.
unless labor taKes uniteu acuon.
T-t..-t V.n Wtannant nf hlialnPKS COll
ditions. organised labor, if acting with
.hi. icorAtlnn PAH HrUT much
greater promptness in the advance of
wages tnan it n were leit io uio wunci
operation of natural laws, and ln the
...v o hnrri tirr-nn come on. the
employer may be restrained from undue
haste ln reducing wages. The organiza
tion of capital Into corporations with the
position of advantage which this gave in
a dispute with single laborers over wages
made it absolutely necessary for labor to
unite to maintain itself.
For instance, how could worklngmen,
dependent on each days labor for a liv
ing, dare, to take a stand whioh might
.fcave'them without employment if they
bad not by small assessment accumulated
a common fund for their support during
such emergency?-'
Like corporations, labor organizations
do great good and much evil. The more
conservatively and intelligently conducted
they are, the more benefit they confer on
their members. The more completely they
yield to the dominion of those anions
them who are intemperate of expression
and violent and lawless ln their methods,
the more evil they do to themselves and
society. Unfortunately, there are large
organizations of the latter class, and. in
the heat of a bitter contest with employ
ers, rights of person and property ere
sometimes openly violated in avowed sup
port of the cause of labor.
A Great River Passing.
Cincinnati Times-Str.
Poor old Ohio River! The proud old
stream, formerly one of the most im
portant arteries of commerce In the
West, and the trade route that gave
Cincinnati much of her early Import
ance, is now shrHnk to the dimensions
of a mere creek. At Galllpolls the
channel Is eight Inches deep, while at
Cincinnati a S.9-foot stage was re
ported yesterday. Emali boys are
wading across the river to Kentucky,
while ln country districts farm wagons
easily can ford the stream.
Unique Collection Scheme.
Enterprise Chieftain.
J. C. Shackelford has dropped onto a
most unique scheme for collecting his
accounts, and the result will be
watchd with interest by business men
of this town who have bills to col
lect. At the end of this month Mr.
Shackelford will sell at public auction
all accounts which have not been paid
by that time, and will publish a list
of accounts sold, what he realized from
the sale. etc. If an account is not sold
It will be held over until the next
i-montU aj6 Kith, tie next touch.
And the Jefce Is That the Peerlewn One
Deesat Kiflw It.
New York Tribune, Rep. v
Dispatches from the West represent
Governor Hughes' audiences as delight
ed with his keen criticisms of Bryan
and Bryanism. With Western voters
no one Is likely to prove a more ef
fective exposer of the hollowness of
the Democratic candidate's pretensions
to leadership in the progressive move
ment of the day than the Governor
of New York. Mr. Hughes has done
things for the causes that are dear to
the hearts of the people. Mr. Bryan
has only talked. Mr. Hughes has
proved his sympathy and his sincerity
by the inflexibility of his course, re
fusing all compromises, bargains and
short cuts to results which sacrificed
principles. Mr. Bryan has trafficked
and traded and made his deals and bar
gains, once with Guffey, and now wltn
Sullivan and Murphy.
Mr. Hughes, too. Is a practical man.
with a long' record of workable re
forms to his credit, and when he
analyzes the fantastio proposals of the
Democratic leader the voters hear him
with respectful attention. The man
who has done things is always listened
to. Actual accomplishment challenges
attention and compels respect. Mr.
Bryan talks eloquently and volumin
ously about letting the people rule. Mr.
Hughes has enabled them to rule here
ln New York. Mr. Bryan talks about
regulating corporations. Mr. Hughes
has accomplished some' very notable
regulating. So the Governor speaks
with the prestige ot practical expert
ence, and when he rejects the Demo
cratic suggestions as Impracticable and
visionary his condemnation carries
weleht
The Governor devotes his attention
to the Democratic candidates record
and character, and that, af:er all, is
the dominating issue of the campaign,
as the response which is given to him,
and which Mr. Taft elleits when he
touches upon the same topic abundant
lv shows.
The people are alive to the absurdity
of Mr. Bryan s pretensions to states
manship. His blundering on the money
Question, his floundering on the Gov
ernment ownership of railways, his
trimming sails to every breeze of popu
larity, his eager and rather unscrupu
lous search for "Issues," his want of
firm convictions, the vagueness and
impracticability of his policies, all
show his lack of solid Intellectual and
moral qualifications for the Presidency.
The people are keenly aware of his
deficiencies. His twelve years before
the public have been described as a
prolonged hunt for an issue. While he
has been seeking desperately, tne peo
pie have found the Issue. It Is himself.
MAKING SALOONS ATTRACTIVE.
Cordial Endorsement of the Plan to
Admit Respectable Women.
PORTLAND, Or., Oct. 11. (To the
Editor.) I learn by reading The Ore-
gonian that my old friend Councilman
Baker is going' to pass an ordinance
which will allow respectable women
to visit saloons. Good for George.
He always was the right man in the
rlcht place. Why should not respecta
ble women visit saloons If they wish?
Their patronage certainly would not
harm the saloonman or nis nartenaer
and the association with such ladies
might do them some good. I might
visit the saloons more frequently my
self if I could be sure of always finding
resnectable women present.
The saloons in such cases would soon
become respectable places, where our
sons and daughters could spend a
pleasant evening and not be corrupted
by evil associations, provided of course
only respectable women were aiiowea.
The learned City Council, assisted
by our able and -distinguished Mayor,
will of course devise some means of
separating the sheep from the goats,
and thus prevent those women who
are not respeetable from -visiting the
saloons! We (you ,ond I, Mr. Editor),
would have to depend upon Mr. B. and
the City Council for some such pro
tection, for I will admit, and particu
larly after having had a drink or two,
that I might find It difficult to dis
tinguish between the two classes. But
I have every confidence that our friend
Mr. Baker will fix it, for in the lan
guage of Mr. Brvan, In re Mr. Haskell,
"He is oil right." Z. I. ZIPER.
Boomerang Effects of European War,
Wall Street Journal.
But if there should be war in Eu
rope in which two or more of the great
powers were compelled to take part,
what would be the effect upon the
United States? The first effect would
be to lead many investors in American
securities to sell them, not because of
lack of confidence ln the United States,
but because of the necessity of floating
the war securities. This selling of for
eign holdings of American securities
would have an unfavorable effect upon
our stock market. This would prob
ably be the immediate effect. Then
would come the Btimulus which war
always gives to speculation. The
United States would undoubtedly bene
fit by the misfortune of Europe. The
prices for our crop products would ad
vance. There would be a great demand
for our manufactured products. Our
commerce would be expanded by the
fact that other nations were too busy
fighting to give needed attention to the
expansion ot their own trade.
After this there would be a third effect
which would be the world exhaustion
as a result of the fearful waste caused
by war. This exhaustion would be
felt for the most part ln the countries
immediately concerned, but It would be
also reflected in the United States, for
ln one way or another the world has
to pay the penalty for the disobedience
to law and the penalty for waste.
Where Bryan Misses a Guess.
Kansas City Times, (Ind.)
Mr. Bryan's hope that he will retain his
last century strength in Kansas must be
based upon the queer theory that Kansas
got stuck ln the mud and stayed there.
When Mr. Bryan appealed to Kansas
in 18 he appealed to people who were
ln debt and distress and he glibly offered
them a remedy guaranteed to lift their
burden from their shoulders and the
mortgages from their farms. That, was
his source of 'strength in the old days.
Mr. Bryan was defeated and his remedy
was never applied, but- the debts have
been paid, nevertheless, and the mort
gages, canceled. The fallacy of Bryan's
paramount Issue ln 1898 has been demon
strated in no other state quite so clearly
as ln Kansas.
When Bryan returned in 1900 with an
other paramount issue which he urged
with equal seal and accompanied with
predictions as dire as in his first cam
paign, he made no headway ln Kansas.
He has far less reason for hope of suc
cess now, even, than in 1900. The source
of his strength has heretofore been with
the farmers, and in this campaign his
weakness Is in the rural communities.
The farmers are for Taft and they are
ready always to give an answer to every
man who asketh them for a reason for the
hope that is in them.
Ask a Kansas farmer why he intends
to vote for Taft in 190S and he will re
ply: "We remember the Bryan of "96."
It's a new Kansas, but not a new
Bryan.
Mr. Chamberlain's Ton at.
Mr. T. D. Chamberlain, Portland, Or.,
is the winner of a prize In the Toast
and Sentiment Contest of the National
Food Magazine, published ln Chicago,
for the month of October. His prize
winning toast is as follows:
"To Temperance.
Here's to' a temperance supper,
With water in glasses tall,
And coffee and tea to end wjth-
Reform Proposed hy the Geneva So
ciety will Eliminate the ero.
PORTLAND, Or., Oct. 12. (To the
Editor.) In an article which appeared
in The Oregonian, under the caption.
A New Union to Teach Waiters, which
told of the formation of a Geneva So
ciety the colored waiters of Portland
feel that they have been done an In
justice. Among the colored waiters
now at work in this city, there is a
feeling that the so-culled. Geneva So
ciety has been formed for the express
purpose of driving us out of the va
rious places where tor years we nave
w-orked as waiters. In stating the ob
jects of the Geneva Society. W. B.
Martlin, superintendent of one service
in one of Portlands leaaing noteis.
has not given the public the direct
motive of the society he intends to or
ganize here. Mr. Martlin says that the
object of the society is to select Its
members from every race, out i n
reasons to believe that this is not Mr.
Martlln's intention, or the, intention of
the society which he has brgamzea or
is about to organize. A number of
colored waiters have taken the matter
up and they are of the opinion that
the main purpose of the organization
of the Geneva Society is merely to
abolish the colored waiters.
For the good of the service at any
first-class hotel, perhaps It would be
better if its waiters could speak two
languages, but I disagree with Mr.
Martlin when he says that It Is neces
sary. I doubt very much whether Mt
Martlin, or any other member of the
Oeneva Society, unless he is foreign
born, can speak more than one lan
guage. Right here ln Portland there
are several colored waiters who can
speak French and some of them have
a slight knowledge of German, but I
have never known this to increase their
salaries or to make them more- valu
able as waiters.
Only since the Civil War, has
the negro been a paid servant in
America, and In this capacity there
Is no race that has been able to com
pete with him. With the growth of
education among them, they are be
coming more capable each year of un
derstanding and satisfying the publio
wants.
I must admit the negroes have no
system of organized labor, and that
negro labor has never In fact been
recognized by the American Feneration
of Labor until recently, at Birming
ham, Alabama. Thus the negro is com
pelled to depend for strength not upon
united effort, but upon Individual merit
and ability.
C. W. ROBINSON.
WOMEN I?f GOVERNMENT SERVICE
Their Proportion to Men Employes
Onrslde Wnehimrton City In 1 to 25.
Springfield (Mass.) Republican.
The latest statistics show 286.902 em
ployes in the civil service of the Fed
eral Government, exclusive of the con
sular and diplomatic service. The in
creasing employment of women has led
the Department of Commerce and Lu
hnr to nTpnarn some ficures relative
to the extent of their employment and
their comparative compensation. It
was difficult to obtain the facts In
several of the departments, and with
these and the Isthman Canal Commis
sion excluded, there remained a total
of 185,874 employes to be considered,
172,053 of whom are men and 13,821
women. The proportion of men to
women employes in Washington is 10 to
S. and In the service outside of Wash
ington 25 to 1. Both men and women
average higher pay at the Capital than
outside of it, the average for men bo
lng JH78 In Washington and $935 out
side; and for women $837 ln Washing
ton and $766 outside. In salary classi
fication the two sexes stand as follows:
Men. Women.
Under $720 2S.RJ2 J.51J
7:0 to $840 20.3S1 1.491
$840 to 300 1S-!?!! , 5i?
$900 to $1000: 42.4SO 1.80 J
11000 to $1200 J..32.69S 1.4S1
$1200 to $1400 IS. 814 1,457
$1400 to $1600 8,760 (,
$1600 to $1800 3.1S6 13
$1800 to $2000 2.911 3j
$2000 to $2 5 00 2.S14 9
$2500 and over 1,873 a
It is stated that this does not indi
cate that women are paid less than
men for the same kind of work, the
fact being that women are more large
ly employed in purely clerical or man
ual labor. Moreover, the table conveys
a false Impression because of the great
disparity ln the numbers of the two
sexes. Reduced to percentages it ap
pears that a relatively larger number
of women than of men draw some of
the higher salaries. Thus 23 per cent
of the women receive pay of from $1200
to $1400 a year, and 11.9 per cent of
the men; T. per cent of the women are
paid from $1400 to $1600 and 6.2 per
cent of the men: and 2.S per cent of
the women recehre from $1600 to $1800,
against only 2.2 per cent of the men.
American Army Is Overworked.
Army and Navy Life.
Strange as It may Beem, if the Army
were increased to 100,000 men, it could
be kept filled better than it oan today
at its 60,000 footing. The Army is
overworked, particularly the infantry,
which is ln danger of going to pieces.
It Is upon the infantry that the burden
of foreign service falls with undue se
verity. With the roster limited to 33
regiments, and the number of those on
foreign service irreducible, an infantry
regiment returns to the Philippines be
fore it has been three years in the
home station. As Major - General
Thomas H. Barry puts it: "For proper
training discipline and morale, troops
should have at least four years of
home service for every two years ot
service on foreign soil." It Is this ex
tended tropical duty which impairs
discipline, endangers health, weakens
family ties, piles up indebtedness and
otherwise depreciates the high stand
ards and efficiency of the Army, both
rank and file.
'An overworked, inadequate army 1
worse than no army at all, and the
sooner the people appreciate this and
Congress takes the action that it
should, the better for the country.
Betrlne Four to One on Taft.
Baltimore American, October 5.
Charles E. Cunningham, a well
known ' real estate broker, reported
yesterdav that he had placed for a
client a bet of $2000 to $500 that Judge
Taft would be elected President of the
United States. In addition. Mr. Cun
ningham reported tliat he had been
authorized -by clients to bet $20,003 at
the rate of three to one that Judge
Taft would be elected. Mr. Cunning
ham said none of the money was his.
but that all bets made would be sate
and secure. The advocates of Judgo
Taft are having much trouble ln mak
ing bets. The few Bryan men who are
willing to make a wager on the result
are demanding big odds, and the ma
jority of them want better than three
to one. From present Indications there
will not be much betting dn the result
in this state.
When Taft Scored Over Bryan.
PORTLAND, Oct. 12. (To the Ed
itor.) When Mr. Bryan was cam
paigning in California, ln 1903, he met
Mr Taft, who was en route to take
up his duties ln the Philippines. Mr.
Bryan was then trying to break into
the White House as an anti-imperialist,
and in his talk with Mr. Taft said
that there were a great many people in
this country who would like to have a
monarchy here with a titled aris
tocrat, etc.
Mr. Taft answered: "There may be
among your friends, Mr. Bryan, but I
am sure there are none among mine.
Mr Taft related this incident to a
friend la aiaplja, who now. passes it on.
- ' M.N..J,