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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Oct. 3, 1908)
THE MORXTXG OKEGOXIAX. SATURDAY. OCTOBER 3. 1903. fOKTUXD, OREGON. Entarad at Portland. Orecoa. Poatoe cood-Caaa Utuw. hsoaoriotkia Batra larariably la Adraaea. (Br MalL Daily. Bandar tneiudad. ona yrar $9 00 a:lr. Sunday included. ix months..-. 4 Jjn.r. Suodar Included. threa moclna. Z Xial.r. feunday includad. ona ronth.... Xjally wltnout Sunday, ona yar J Daily, without Sunday, six xnontha 9 i a::r. without Sunday, thrca montha.. J-jr. LaJ:y. without Sunday, ana month - V,'kly. ana yaar J ?" aunday and Waakly. ana yaar (By Carrier.) DaIT. Bandar tnclndad. ona yaar JO Daily. Sunday InUudad, ona month.... . Bow to Ranil Band poatofnea monay ardar. axpraaa order or paraonal chock on your local bank. Stamp coin or currency ara at tbe aeuder'a rlak. Olvo poatofnea ad draaa In full. Includlns county and slata. Poatara Balra in to I pagea. 1 cent: 11 to 28 paarea. 2 eanta: 0 to 44 pacta. canta: 40 to 40 pacca. 4 caota Foraisn yoml asa doubla rataa Eaatera Baalaeaa Offtee Tha B. C Beck will Fpaclal Agency New York, rooma 4S (0 Tribune building. Chicago, rooma 10-612 Trlbana building. FORTLAD. SATlTtDAY, OCT. 1. la OS. "Bsm TO DITEUICESfl." . What men call campaign expenses appear to be necessary; and hence campaign contributions ara solicited and welcomed by all parties. Mr. Bryan's committee rejoices In the con tribution of some J0. 000, or there about, secured through the appeal of newspapers that support him. The nonpartisan Bryan newspaper of Portland Is in this business, with the rest. Whether an account of the contri butions should be made public before or after election is a matter of some debate, but not an Important mat ter. Taft says that publication of the names of contributors before election would be a disclosure of party prefer ence which many men whether the sums given, be large or small would not want to make, and moreover that candidates would be subject to the unjust suspicion that they were under the control or Influence of those mak ing the contributions. These objec tions belong to the same line as the argument for secret ballot. Publica tion after election, as Taft says, will be an effective guard against favorit ism by officials to contributors to the fund. However, it isn't important. What is surprising Is that any man profess ing the purity of Bryan's principles should want a campaign fund. What for? The newspapers furnish, without other charge than their subscription price, the dally campaign matter of all parties. What Is one party or an other to do. legitimately, with big sums of money? But Bryan breaks here into one of his petulant moods, and says that Taft's statement on this subject Is "an Insult to the intelligence of the voters." Coming from such source this Is worth notice. What Is Brian's entire political career, what has It been, but an In sult to the Intelligence of the voters? This is the reason why the voters have -always turned him down. What so great Insult to the Intelligence of the voters ever was offered as the attempt to persuade them that they could profit by debasement of money, or government ownership of the rail road.", or the loose, half-socialistic Ideas that run through the whole of Bryan's political schemes? The platitudinous pretender of the Platte has been Insulting the Intelli gence of the voters these many years. In most things he talks about he Is merely a charlatan or mountebank, and he never can be anything else even If he should become President of the United States. It always has been recognized as a mistake to suppose that a mere spouter was a great man. WASHINGTON'S FIRST rRlMAKY. Scores of defeated candidates all ever the State of Washington who spent from a few hundreds to many thousands of dollars In an effort to win office are now In a position to offer Indisputable evidence that the poor man has no show to secure office under the direct primary law. The result of the first primary election in Washington not only demonstrated that In nearly every case the man won who spent the most money, but Jt also proved quite conclusively that In some cases the winners lackod many of the qualifications for the office that were possessed by the losers. The Washington direct pri mary law contains no such provision as the sacred Statement No. 1, under which Democrats ride into office In Oregon by the aid of Republican votes, but as a stand-off for that pro vision. It has the second choice vote, which. In the contest Just closed, has proven a perfect success In landing In nomination a number of candidates who on a straight first choice vote of the people would not have got within shouting distance of success. ' The prestige of the office, as under the old regime, proved to be an lm--porta nt factor where candidates were up for re-election, but. In case of the Lieutenant-Governor, even this was insufficient to offset the free ex penditure of money by the success ful candidate. Mr. Hay won, but Is not yet elected, and must necessarily spend considerable more money be fore he Is elected; but his certified expense account for the primaries Is already In excess of the amount of salary that he will receive for the four years' term. It stands to reason that no poor man, regardless of his personality or qualification for the office, can enter any contest that must be fought out on such expensive lines. There ara very few men who would care to serve the state for four years with no remuneration, or In fact to pay for the privilege. In the case of the Attorney-General. Easterly: the candidate who received the greatest number of first choice votes and a man to whom the State of Washing ton owes a debt of gratitude for his tax reform measures, was defeated by a man who was never seriously con sidered as a winner, but who floated In with ease on the "second choice wave." Many a poor man not only spent all of his savings, but embar rassed his friends in an unsuccessful attempt to secure office under tlra new law which was fondly expected to place office strictly within the reach of those who had more merit than money. The British steamship Mag.lala crossed Into the Columbia River Sep tember II and arrived at Portland epumbr 11. At this port she load ed S720 tons of wheat, which,' with 1600 tons of bunker coal, gave her a draft of more than twenty-five feet. The steamer finished loading Septem ber 30 and left down the river a day later, crossing out to sea yesterday afternoon, after a stay in the river of but ten days. The showing is a re markably good one for the port, and the exporters who gave the vessel such quick dispatch and the pilots who hustled her through from Port land to the sea are entitled to great credit for the achievement. With vessels of twenty-five feet draft going through from Portland to the sea I without detention, at a period of the lowest 'water of the season, the port of Portland is making an exceptional ly fine showing. PEOPLE "OCT OF A JOB." "If the policy of the Republican party has been so good for the coun try why ara so many people out of a Job?" The Inquiry is made by a Bryan paper. The policy of a party may be good for a country, and yet every inhabi tant may not have employment, or the employment he wants, or the wages he demands. ' In a new coun try like ours if one Is "out of a Job" It Is usually his own fault. He Is unwilling or Inefficient; he work! only In a fitful way, quits and leaves his employers at a critical time, loafs and spends his money, then can't at once find employment again, and would not stay with It if he could find it. But perhaps he thinks that If Bryan should ba elected he will have an easy Ufa and good times. Many tell him so. The Bryan argument now, as In former years. Is addressed mainly to this class of persons. If they con stitute a sufficiently large proportion of the voters Bryan will be elected. But do they? It always has been the assumption of the Bryan cam paign managers that they do. Here tofore, however. It has not been so. The steady and purposeful workers have not voted for Bryan. Any pinch or stringency In money, like that which occurred a year ago, Is sure to affect these classes of irreg ular and indifferent workers. At such times their services are not wanted, and their demands will not be com plied with. When they have not made themselves useful to the em ployer, or rather have studied how not to ba useful to him. the employer, who can wait, lets them go. Then they are told that the policy of a po litical party la at fault, and the rem edy is, "vote for Bryan." But the financial reverse of last year was confined chiefly to specula tors In Eastern cities, and little affect ed the general workers of the coun try, except such as were employed In irregular Jobs financed on credit by large exploiters. The greater pro portion of the workers are those en gaged in agricultural and correlated pursuits; and these were scarcely af fected at all. The farmers of the country have been getting and now are getting almost exceptionally good prices for their products. "The policy of the party In power" does not ap pear to have hurt, them. In most of the cities the industries are in full activity. Here In Portland there Is much more work In progress than at any former time. But there always will be people "out of a Job." Mostly, however, they are of those who lack the purpose of steady work and fore sight. The "policy" of no political party will do such any good. LLOYD'S TXPARDOXABLE 6H. The great profits in the fire Insur ance business have proved so attrac tive that some of the foreign com panies operating in the United States are accused of the unpardonable sin of cutting rates. The chief offender Is no "tuppenny" affair, for it is no less important a concern than the mighty Lloyd's, an institution found ed so long ago and so firmly in trenched throughout the world that its integrity and responsibility are never questioned. The alarm has been sounded by the Insurance Index, of London, which charges the great marine Insurance company with de veloping into a gambling institution. The remarks of the Index have been widely reprinted in this country so widely. In fact, that the excessive publicity smacks of a prearranged plan. "Lloyd's underwriters," says the Index, "through their questiona-, bly careful representatives, have en tered upon a deliberate rate-cutting campaign, making reckless bids for business on the basis of 20 or even 40 per cent reduction of rates." The Index argues that Lloyd's un derwriters are not "Justified In med dling with fire Insurance business at all." and that, even If it were -proper for them to do so, they have no right to be cutting rates below those of the "regularly constituted United States branches." It is grudgingly admitted that Lloyd's paid all of their losses at the San Francisco, Baltimore and Ot tawa conflagrations, the greatest in modern history, but no mention Is made of the fact that a great many other companies which have not been accused of cutting rates, even a frac tion or 20 to 40 per cent "welched" on their San Francisco losses, al though they had collected millions in premiums from the stricken city. Considerable stress is laid on the al leged gambling phase of Lloyd's un derwriting so far as fire insurance Is concerned, although complimentary mention is made of the legitimacy of the marine underwriting. "Gambling" Is a word on which many changes are rung, and It is dif ficult to understand why an under writing transaction which is regarded as strictly legitimate at a certain fig ure becomes a gamble when the rates are reduced from 20 to 40 rer cent. The element of gambling and the principle involved are the same, re gardless of the rate. The companies which mulct property-owners for such havy premium rates In effect wager the amount of the policy against the amount of the premium that the house will not burn down. Lloyd's does the same, though from the complaint made It seems clear that they, were not taking such heavy odds In their own favor as other companies have been Insisting on. What constitutes a reasonable and a safe rate of fire Insurance Is easily arrived at by simple mathe matical calculations made In connec-.-.r, wh knowledge of the exposure J of the property involved. Llovds have for more than a cen tury enjoyed a world-wide reputation as shrewd calculators of the risk In volved In shipping, and they have ap parently applied the same common- sense rules to their fire Insurance business. Perhaps, if some of their competitors were Inclined to give the property-owners more favorable odds In the betting, there would be less op portunity for Lloyd's to take away their business at reasonable rates. A celebrated American pugilist, in refusing to meet another lesser light In the staked arena, once said "Go and get a reputation before challeng ing me." To most of the companies operating on either side of the ocean Lloyd's could aptly apply the same words. THE ULTIMATE OBJECT. The records show that If a bank wrecker wants to escape the discom forts of his situation, he must stay at home, attend church and put up a big bluff of Injured innocence. In that way he can escape trial; or. If brought to book, convicted and sentenced in accordance with his crime, he can still enjoy his liberty and court the possi bility of ultimate exoneration. If he yields to sudden panic and decamps, he is pretty certain to be pursued, brought back and punished as the law directs. We need not, leave our own city to find examples of the success of the first method of procedure, nor go far for an example of the latter. It will be remembered by those who followed the financial mishaps of 1907 that one William Walker, of the New Britain, Conn.,- Savings Bank stole something like7 half a million dollars from that Institution. Just prior to the discov ery of his defalcation he disappeared, and after a time detectives were set upon his trail. After sixteen months of wretched liberty, spent In eluding pursuers and enduring the hardships of a Mexican miner. Walker was cap tured, taken home In Irons, tried, con victed and sent to prison for a lonjj term of years. ... , Photography, the telegraph, the Bertillon method, Pinkerton's system and the subtle forces set to work by the American Bankers' Association are able to make the life of the most artful fugitive from Justice anything but secure. The money, time and ef fort expended In capturing a bank swindler or dishonest express messen ger are not measured entirely by the sum stolen. It cost $200,000 to catch William Walker. The ultimate object or principle In pushing the pursuit and capture of the bank thief at great expense Is to make the budding scoun drel who aspires to become rich by dishonorable methods turn to some deal more sure and safe than the loot of a savings bank. TAFT AND I.ABOB. - As a campaigner Mr. Taft improves with practice. In some respects his speech at Omaha on the first of the month was the best he has made. Not that it was more logical or judicious than many others, or that It pre sented a more imposing array of fact and argument; it was better because It was mora passionate. Campaign speeches are addressed to multitudes from the nature of the case, and multitudes are not so much persuaded by strict logic as they are by an ap peal to their emotions. It may be that the unjust accusations which have been made against Mr. Taft in refer ence to his feeling toward laboring men "may have done some good after all in arousing him to a more fiery species of oratory than he had reached before. The Judicial calm of the courtroom and the statesman's office Is not best suited to the stump. Mr. Taft's friends who were listen ing must therefore have thrilled with satisfaction when he forsook the dignified ' traditions of the bench and called the person a liar who had said that he (Taft) thought a dollar a day enough pay for any laboring man. The lie was a singularly fool ish one because every reader of "the newspapers knows that Mr. Taft has stood for high wages and hygienic conditions on the Isthmus and in the Philippines. But falsehoods flourish sometimes even when they are fool ish, and it is well to have Mr. Taft's explicit denial of this one, since much depends in this Presidential election upon the vote of labor. Strenuous efforts have been made to divert the labor vote from the Re publican party and turn it to Mr. Bryan. Mr. Taft's record as a Federal Judge has been depended upon to make him enemies among working men. He Is denounced as "the father of the Injunction." He Is railed at because he truthfully declared that he knew of no adequate remedy for the panics which throw labor out of employment. It is sedulously at tempted to cast upon him the odium of being a "corporation Judge." These efforts to prejudice the labor vote against Mr. Taft are utterly un fair. They are without any basis of fact. Still Presidential campaigns are not supposed to be fair as a rule, and Mr. Taft has been wise to take up the matter and deal with it candidly In his speeches at Omaha and else where. Last week Mr. Taft reviewed be fore an audience all the cases in which . ha had Issued Injunctions against organized labor when he was a Judge, and explained exactly why he did what he did. Not one of them forbade workmen to strike or per suade others to strike. Indeed, Judge Taft explicitly held that the right to strike is inviolate and he recalls an Instance where an Injunction by a New Tork Judge forbidding a strike was withdrawn when his own decision permitting it In a previous case was cited. All the labor injunctions of which he was the author were di rected against boycotts. For these he declares he has no apology to make. He Issued them because the law required it, and he thinks no apology is necessary for doing his duty. Probably most American citi rens will think as he does about it. To show that injunctions are used to control capital as well as labor Mr. Taft cites what he did in the case of a combination of Iron pipe manufac turers who sought to monopolize the trade In eleven states. He enjoined the combination and broke it up. This case Is conveniently forgotten by those who rail at.hlm for enjoining boy cotts. In reciting the friendly acts which he has done for labor, Mr. Taft under states the facts. For example, he says nothing about the Xarramore case, of which The Oregonian gave an ac count the other day. In this decision he held that if an employer Illegally neglected to protect dangerous ma chinery and a workman was injured by it, the employer could not escape damages by claiming 'that the work man had made an Implied contract to assume the risk. This is one of the most advanced decisions on the side of humanity and justice ever made. It was so far ahead of the 'general opinion of the Judiciary when It was written that some Judges have not caught up with it yet. Mr. Taft's record shows that he has been uni formly a friend to labor both on the bench and everywhere else. There is great force In his remark that the facts are persistently Ignored and that he has to bear the blame for the acts of other men. It has become the fashion to attribute every un righteous injunction ever Issued to Taft, although many of them are squarely contrary to his views. Thus the insidious "temporary in junction," which forbids certain acts until after a hearing and then puts off the hearing for three or four months, has justly excited Indignation, and this Indignation is frequently di rected against - Mr. Taft, though he never in all his career issued such an order. In his Omaha speech he called that species of Injunction "an out rage," which ought to be definite enough to settle the doubts of any man about his position. Nobody who wishes to be fair can hold It against Mr. Taft that he does not say right is wrong and wrong right merely to please his hearers. Upright citizens respect one who stands by his opin ions even If they do not agree with him. Hence. It can hardly be supposed that he will lose votes by stating his position on the question of Injunctions exactly as it Is. If the Democratic programme were carried out, he says it would effectively break down the power of the courts to enforce their orders. Who wants the power of the courts destroyed? Who wants to see the judiciary paralyzed? Mr. Taft desires to see every Injustice which arises from injunctions remedied, but he is not willing to have court orders made dependent upon the verdicts of Juries. Perhaps, before the campaign is over, the majority of American workingmen will agree with him. It is announced that the Harrlman lines will place steel passenger cars in service on all of their lines, an order for 220 of the new type having been placed with the Pullman com pany. A steel car will not prevent accidents when a careless engineer runs past danger signals and collides with another train, but in the ensu ing smash the steel car will undoubt edly be the means of saving many lives which, with the wooden cars now In use, are either crushed out of existence or consumed with Are that nearly always accompanies a bad trainwreck. Safety appliances have worked wonders on many of our rail roads, but, so long as there is so much dependent on the Individual, and the individual Is subject to the occasional fatal lapse, there will be disasters In which a steel car will be the means of preventing loss of life. Alaska, which a few years ago as tonished the world with the magni tude of its gold discoveries, no longer leads the list of American gold-producing states and territories. It may be surprising to many thousands who have rushed into the dangers of the Far North and suffered all of the dis comforts and expense of an Alaskan trip to learn that civilized, easily ac cessible Colorado last year produced 20,897,000 in gold, compared with $18,489,400 produced in Alaska. Even California, a state in which gold min ing can be followed with at least some of "the comforts of a home," was very close to Alaska with an output of 116,858,500. These official figures, which have just been issued by the Government, show that it is not yet necessary to go beyond the confines of the United States in order to find gold In paying quantities. There seems to be a hitch some where in the attempt to compel state officers to pay back compensation re ceived In violation of the constitu tion. The suit against ex-Secretary of State Dunbar, a Republican, was prosecuted with vigor, but for some reason no suit has been brought against Chamberlain, a Democrat. Is there party politics back of this, Mr. McMahan ? If Mr. Bryan did not know the character and business affiliations of the man whom he chose as treasurer of his campaign, is he a safe person to be trusted with the duty of forming Cabinets, appointing Judges, District Attorneys and filling all the other ap pointive offices of the Government? District Attorney Cameron will en force the Sunday law "because It Is the law." Mayor Lane will drive out the women from the tenderloin "be cause it is the law." The law is a great thing. We are a righteous peo ple. We never have any buncombe about law enforcement.. If the officers who are charged with the duty of cleaning out the North End will declare the intention to take tha-names of all men who might be available as witnesses, the task of putting an end to an unlawful occupation would be made easy. A meeting of an Irrigation cong ress without an attack on Glfford Plnchot would resemble an emascu lated production of "Hamlet." And yet, on second thought, it may be Mr. Plnchot understands the art of advertising as well as forestry. At one moment our Democratic friends declare that by his interfer ence President 'Roosevelt has helped Bryan and at the next moment they denounce him as a dictator. But if he is helping Bryan, why be so indig nant over his activity? Democrats must go clear back to Jefferson and Jackson for their politi cal Ideals. Republicans can go back and point with pride if they wish, but need not go back of the present ad ministration The "Health Department" of the city, including the public schools, is growing rapidly into a big machine. Its main function evidently is to make sinecures and salaries. Apparently the present campaign will be noted in history for the po litical leaders it has unmade. "Dick" asked the Great Candidate of the editor of the Commoner, "what does Haskell rhyme with?" Why not take Colonel Stewart to Africa next year and lose him? BRYAN'S STAND OX "LAW HOXESTT" Some Juat Observations oa This Speelea of Error. Kansas City Star, Ind. The President, In his answer to Mr. Bryan, makes the Important distinction that the Democratic candidate takes his stand on "law honesty" in the case of Governor Haskell, and he reminds Mr. Bryan that respect for mere "law hon esty" has "been the bane of this people in endeavoring to get equity and fair dealing as they should obtain among high-minded men from great business corporations and from individuals." Tou are on dangerous ground, Mr. Bryan. To stand by a man until the I courts shall prove him guilty may be to stand by a man whose guilt Is morally certain, and yet wnose conviction Is le gally Impossible. For instance, why should Mr, Haskell have been asked to resign from his posi tion on the National Committee? Or, If he was not asked, why should his vol untary resignation have been accepted? The answer Is simply this, that public sentiment within the party, the moral convictions of the masses of honest Dem ocrats, would have resented his reten tion. It Is wholly improbable that any court will ever prove Senator Foraker guilty of the charges brought against him. Weuld Mr. Bryan stand by Foraker, if he were In Mr. Taft's place, until the courts- should be heard from? Presumably ha would. He has never repudiated Senator Bailey. Ha stands by Governor HaskolL. There are many rascals clever enough to stay within the bounds of "law hon esty" while defiantly violating the rules of moral law and incurring public con tempt for their rascality. Mr. Bryan oan hardly afford to fall short qf the average publio standard of morality in his display of loyalty to a favorite who happens to be under heavy fire. MR. BRYAN'S ACROBATIC CAMPAIGN In the Weat He la Mr. Roosevelt's Heir, and In the Eaat He'a HIa Own. New York Evening Post, Ind. In the West, Mr. Bryan was at pains to prove that he was Mr. Roosevelt's sole legitimate political heir. In the East, he Is now devoting himself to ar gument that the inheritance is not worth having. Whether or not this acrobatic reas oning results from the fact that the Roosevelt craze is more violent In the West than In the East, or from the mere fact that Mr. Roosevelt has de clared that Bryan's election would be a calamity, It Is none the less bewild ering. "What has the President done?" was the note to which Mr. Bryan tuned his Buffalo speech. Has he imprisoned a "trust magnate?" Has he "disturbed the steel trust?" Has he "done any thing to punish the Standard Oil?" "Can he, in short, escape his own record?" Mr. Bryan apparently foresees the answer and the inference. If he is sent to the White House, "trust magnates" will languish In chains, no trusts as yet "undisturbed" will be allowed to rest in fancied security, and no Circuit Courts will reverse his $29,000,000 fines. How will he do this, he was somewhat pertinently asked, with a necessarily hostile Senate? First, by that simple and easy "plan" of prohibiting corport ations from controllng more .than 50 per cent of the country's output; sec ond, by showing triumphantly, to the Reubllcan Senate, that " 'Shall the peo ple rule?' is declared by our platform to be the overshadowing Issue in this campaign." No Senate would dare to defeat a measure with such an argu ment attached to it. This strikes us as mere buncombe and the only really significant thing about it is Bryan's plain declaration of his own intended role as the arch agi tator. We wonder what ex-Secretary Olney will have to say of this declara tion. For ourselves, we Imagine that such parting of company with conserv ative men of Mr. Olney's sort will con tinue at an Increasing rate with the progress of the canvass. It was not ably so in each of Bryan's other cam paigns; no one can have forgotten how the mild and beneficent statesman of August and September, 1900. became the firebrand agitator of October. Per haps this Is one disadvantage, politi cally speaking, of the plan of the Bryan campaigns. A candidate who does all the talking, and who sets out to ba all things to all men throughout the country, is reasonably sure to end by displaying himself exactly as he Is. HaakeM Haa "Plied" Himself. Chicago Evening Post. From Oklahpma, a state of whloh, by virtue of votes and no other virtue, Charles N. Haskell Is Governor, the man who was treasurer of the Demo cratic National Committee, sends forth a threat against Theodore Roosevelt, President of the United States. "I'll have a new chapter dally on Theodore the First, from now until election day, showing him to be the greatest crook that ever sat in the Presidential chair." This Is the threat. And the country will continue to love the President more and more for the enemies he has made and is making. The Governor of Oklahoma has been driven Into a dark retirement, but his voice has not failed him, and he Insists on making a noise in the darkness to draw attention to his whereabouts. Ha ought to be grateful for a chance to ba forgotten. Governor Haskell calls President Roosevelt a crook. It la the last dirty resort of the dishonest. Theodora Roosevelt a crook! Mr. Haskell has dona for himself mora certainly and completely than any man could do for him. Just the Walter Who Waited. Philippines Gossip. A man who called himself George Ar nold was before a Police Court Judge on the charge of stealing a ride on a train to Dagupan. "Where were you?" asked Judge Low, referring to his former place of abode. "In Manila," was the reply. "I was waiting." "Waiting for whom?" "Juat waiting." "What were you waiting for? "To get my money." "Who from?" "The man I was waiting for." "What did he owe It to you forT' "For waiting." "How did you start in waiting?" "By beginning to wait" "What do you mean? Explain your self." " "I thought you knew I was waiting In a restaurant." "Oh!" gasped the Judge. What a Yankee la. PORTLAND. Oct. 2. (To the Editor.) Will you please tell us what a real Yankee Is, or what is the difference be tween an American and a Yankee, If any? TWO DISPUTANTS. "Yankee" Is a very elastic nickname. Three hundred years ago It was applied to all white men by native Indians as the niarnt thev could twist their tongues to pronouncing the word "English," or Its French equivalent, Angiais. Nowadays, west of the Allegheny Mountains, all residents of New England are nicknamed Yankees. South of the Ohio River, our brethren call all North erners Yankees. In England and In other British possessions, all inhabitants of the United States are Yankees. BRYAN AND HIS BEAR New Tork Sun. The gentleman who had the bear by the tail and was afraid to let him go was pleasantly occupied as compared with Mr. Bryan during the last few days In his relations with Haskell of Okla homa. Evidently It was" a real love match from the beginning. The airy fairy Haskell and the flamboyant Bryan, shepherds both. We can under stand that Haskell, with his gift of speech, his innumerable and gaudy schemes, his loud talk and his formid able, not to say resplendent front, was nicely calculated to produce a favorable Impression upon the equally windy and pretentious Bryan. Easy to see that it has been hard to unlock the loving grip and send him adrift. Haskell dawned on the Denver con vention a thing of noise and truculence. All his fruitless manipulations were be hind him. He seemed a tower of strength. Colonel Jack Abernathy caught wolves with his hands, and doubtless ate them, hair and all, thereby enthralling the simple soul of Theodora Roosevelt. Haskell chased predatory corporations, despoiled them and left their bones to whiten on the plain, whereby he came to nestle In the midriff of the Peerless. Wasn't It Haskel who fell upon Colonel James Guffey tooth and nail, eviscerating his claims to communion and dismissing his paltry fragments to 'the four winds? Wasn't it also Haskell who presided over the perihelion of Bryan with that white souled reformer, Roger Sullivan, of Chi cago? It seams to us that In all those preliminaries Haskell was the right hand, the twin and most of the vocal cords of the Nebraska Prophet, and did all things to his satisfaction. And If he had been at Borne time In his panoramic past a brother or a henchman of the Octopus, surely failure had erased the trail and new pursuits and ecstasies had sealed him to the Cause. Years have dealt kindly with Mr. Bry an In the matter of his bank account, but they have not Increased his capacity for holding a bear by the tall. He has taken on a paunch, and by the same token released a shining and an oily dome where once the lovelocks sprouted freely. Ho Is no longer fitted for violent athletics. Tried by that standard, he is given to redness behind the ears and a Jerky dia phragm withal. And even if the ado lescent ardors of 1896 were with him still and he believed in himself with real en thusiasm. Haskell would nevertheless have been a weary and distressing drag. VARIED VIEWS OX OREGON PAIRS What Shonld Be Done About Salemf Also About Portland T Tha Dalles Optimist. It la all nonsense attempting to main tain a great Fair at Salem. That loca tion was good in the early days, when there were no people in the state worth mentioning outside of the small area west of the Cascades; but wa have outgrown that day, and now the large population east of the Cascades Is practically shut oft from the Fair, for It Is very inconvenient to get there from this section of the country. As a result, but few of those east of The Dalles attend, and a very small number make exhibits. The Fair should ba moved to Port land, and the sooner the Salem people read the handwriting on the wall the better it will be for them, for If they do not do this there will ba a movement made in the near future to remove the capital, and then their citizens will go into a losing fight. . If they will gracefully let the Fair go where It be longs, they may hold the capital In definitely, but If they try to hold fast to the Fair, they will lose much more than that. If the question comes to an Initiative vote, as It soon will, Salem will be left out In the cold, and no one to blame but themselves. Too Soon After State Fair. Albany Democrat. After It Is all over, the people of Portland are indorsing the recent big stock show and horse races; but during the show they failed to attend properly. Coming right after tjhe State Fair, it was not an easy thing to get people there from the rest of the state. No Reaaon for Removal. Newberg Graphic The lack of Interest on the part of the Portland people in the big Btock ehow held In that city last week, as shown by the meager attendance, did not furnish much ammuifltlon for the hinted proposal to try to get the State Fair removed from Salem to Portland. Is This Really the Cause t Eugene Register. Portland is very much exercised over light attendance at the recent stock show in that city. The cause Is not far to seek. It followed too close upon the heels of the State Fair. Expenses of the Board of Health. PORTLAND, Oct. 2. (To the Editor.) After reading the editorial in last Tuesday's Oregonian relating to the ad dition of two physicians and a nurse to the Health Department of this city, I ask that you publish a list of the em ployes of the Board of Health, together with the salary of each. I understand that we have a County Physician, and a State Board of Health, which has a bacteriologist, who also is bacteriolo gist for the City Board of Health and draws a salary from both. For the City Board of Health, we have these officials, at these monthly salaries: Health Officer, $250; Assist ant Health Officer, $125; City Physi cian, $125; Fumlgator, $100; Bacteriolo gist, $75; Market Inspector, $80; School Inspectors (two) $100 each, $200; and School Nurse, $75; making a total of $1030 per month. Besides this, there is the expense of an office clerk, an ambulance and the keep of a horse and buggy, also $300 a year carfare for the Health Officer. E. F. WILLIAMS. Gets $1000 Interest on $50 Principal. New York Herald. The happiest man In New York is Adam Brede, chef In a lunchroom. Over 20 years ago Brede deposited $50 In the Seamen's Bank for Savings. With a friend he attended a festival that night, and when he left the hall he found that both his friend and his bankbook had disappeared. The other night he encountered his friend, who greeted him effusively, and said: "Here is that bankbook, Adam. It has hurt, my conscience for 20 years, but it was the means of saving my life. After leaving New York I went to Albany, N. Y. From there I drifted out to San Francisco, where I started a fruit business. I prospered, and at the end of 18 years was worth about $50,000. I arrived here last Sunday and have been looking for you ever since." He then handed over the bankbook and $1000 for the Interest Cow Falls 70 Feet to Coal Mine. Pittsburg Despatch. A cow owned by Reuben Lord, of Plymouth, Pa, fell 70 feet from a field into a hard-coal mine, due to a cave-In, and badly frightened two miners on their way to work In the shaft. M ' BRYAN AND HIS HASKELL New York American. Mr. Bryan Is composing his countenance to that amus hypocrisy which ever man tles there on what occasions he appe-s in his great specialty, "Pecksniff in Poll tics." . . . The evil Mr. K-askell thrown out. Mr. Bryan sporting his best Pecksniff manner softly takes the cen ter of the stage, and with hands palms outward as denoting nothing to conceal, exclaims: "To think I shoud have been thus deceived!" Lest emotional ones in the audience be carried off their feet of sentiment by the acting of this truly wonderful arttet. cer tain facts of the hard and fast variety should be heedfully borne In mind. Mr. Haskell for years has been no secret to Mr. Bryan. The latter astute gentleman, with eyes to see and ears to hear any thing and everything that should have a slightest bearing upon his own for tunes, was all through Oklahoma in tha Haskell gubernatorial campaign. He was aiding Mr. Haskell, whom ho knew anil loved like a brother. Ho beard every charge made against that industrious friend of Standard Oil. The devious Mr. Haskell, full of an Ok lahoman energy, had made himself a greatly talked-of man. Sentimental, he had written verses. , Imaginative, he was for exalting alfalfa as the flowery emble.n of Oklahoma, even as Is the sunflower of Kansas, the briar bush of bonnie. Sco' land. Mr. Haskell was the exponent. If not the author of the "Oklahoma Idea," and It was from his hands Mr. Bryan ac cepted It for the Democratic party. Also, Mr. Haskell had been the bug under the chip In framing the Oklahoma constitu tion. By thesa signs Mr. Bryan knew him for a kindred spirit, and had him home o Lincoln to aid In drafting the Denver platform. Ho knew Mr. Haskell is mothers know their children before ever he drew him to his bosom of politics. Is Mr. Bryan one to ask an unknown man to be his treasurer? Is he of the frank and foolish sort that invites a stranger to assist in building a platform? Mr. Bryan tells Mr. Roosevelt that he him self made Mr. Haskell his chairman on resolutions and afterward asked him to collect the campaign cash. Mr. Russell, the editor of the Ardmoro (Okla.) Democrat, tells In print how he himself notified Mr. Bryan of the crooked past of Mr. Haskell, and also what Mr. Bryan did on that notified occasion. . . . "At that time (a year ago) I per sonally presented to you ten typewritten pages of charges against Mr. Haskell covering his operations In Ohio, New York, Arkansas, Texas and Oklahoma. You did me the courtesy of tearing them up and throwing them out of the train window without reading them." Just as the pitcher that goes often tJ the well Is broken, so Is that Pecksniff who goes too often before his audience driven with final hisses from the stage. VOTING MACHINES LOSING GROUND Allegation That They Deatroy Secrecy. Back to tbe Hnllot. Philadelphia Press, Rep. Pennsylvania passed a constitutional amendment to enable the people to use voting machines if the Legislature au thorized them. Though the chief ob stacle to their adoption In this state was thus removed nothing further has been done to bring the voting machine into use. Some New York and New Jersey towns accepted them and though the machines found admirers and warm advocates the movement for their adop tion seems for tho present to have lost its force. .The last Legislature of New Jersey authorized the cities and towns using machines to vote on the question of retaining them, and in nearly every Instance the vote has been overwhelm ingly in favor of discarding them, and as a result about $500,000 of voting machines purchased for the use of New Jersey voters bave been put out of service. After giving the machines a test, the people in these towns decide to go back to the old method of voting by ballot. This looks like a backward step, "but the machine as presented to voters has some serious disadvantages. Secrecy In voting Is destroyed in a measure by it, as the straight voter pulls one lever and gets through quickly, while he who cuts his ticket must remain much longer and pull a separate lever for each candidate voted for. The voter, too, must take on trust that the ma chine does what it is expected to do, as ha cannot sea the result of the ma chine's action and know with certainty that his vote is cast as he intended. Altogether, voters as a class do not take very kindly to machine voting. They prefer a ballot which they can read, and mark and see dropped In the box. Perhaps, however, since the vot ing machine, like the flying machine. Is still In its infancy, the present ob jections to It will disappear as it Is t still further perfected. HASKELL AND MR. BRYAN. Pertinent Queaiiona, bnt So Far There Is No Anawer. Chicago Tribune. The Tribune asks Mr. Bryan to answer the following questions: 1. Is It true that C. N. Haskell was ap pointed chairman of the committee on resolutions at Denver and treasurer of the Democratic National Committee with your "approval and Indorsement?" 2. Is It true that C. N. Haskell has de nied that he was a member of the Citi zens' Alliance of Muskogee, Okla., and that his name appears first on the list of those who signed the agreement through which the organization of that alliance was brought about? 8. Do you, while asking union men for their votes, on the ground that at your and your party's hands their Interests will bo furthered more actively than at those of Mr. Taft and the Republican party. Justify your selection of Mr. Haskell, who, by the evidence so far uncovered, was a member of the Citizens' Alliance formed to destroy unions in Muskogee? 4. Is it true that C. N. Haskell, as a railroad promoter In Ohio, was interested In "peculiar" methods of railroad finance? 6. Ib It true, or can you prove It untrue, that Mr. Haskell when in Ohio was inter ested, directly or Indirectly, in the affairs of the Standard Oil Company? . Is It true that Mr. Haskell has been unduly friendly to the. Standard Oil Com pany, or the companies which belong to it In Oklahoma? 7. Is it true, as alleged by Editor Rus sell, of Ardmore, Okla., that you refused to read the charges presented by him to you on your visit to Oklahoma last Fall, which charges filled 10 typewritten pages and covered "his deals in Onto. New Yorfc Arkansas, Texas and Oklahoma"? 8. Inasmuch as Mr. Haskell, with your consent and that of the managers of the Democratic campaign, has resigned as treasurer of the Democratic National Committee and, by implication at least, has confessed that he Is guilty of the charges preferred against him, do you think that you aro competent to select men for positions of responsibility in the National Government? Broken Finger Follows Seven-Cp. Indianapolis News. John W. Ott, of Lawrenceburg, Ind., becoming excited In a game of seven up by catching his partner's Jack, struck the table so bard that he broke the middle finger on his right hand, from which injury blood-poisoning has resulted, and his life Is in danger. Paraon Leavea Wedding to Fight Fire. Baltimore News. Rev. C. L. Kitter, of Hanover. F, leaving a couple In his parlor waiting to be married, exchanged his clerical garments for an old suit and rushed out to fight a fire.