Morning Oregonian., September 07, 1908, Page 6, Image 6

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PORTXA.VD. MONDAY. SEPT. 1. 1B0S,
EXTK.4.VACAXCE.-
It U notorious that all the forces of
official life, the number of' men em
ployed in the public service through
out our country, etate. county, muni
cipal, as well as in the service of the
United States have always been In
excess of actual requirements; and all
are still increasing, much too fast. It
Is one of the weaknesses of popular
government. Men employed in pri
vate business do twice as much work
as those employed in the various and
numerous branches of the public serv
ice, state and National; and the cry
everywhere is still for more places.
Mr. Bryan says that the numbers In
official life, under the General Govern
ment, are Increasing at an alarming;
rate. He might have said the same as
to all other branches of official life -in
our states and counties, municipal
ities, school districts and governing;
boards. But what then? There Is no
general disposition to stop the multi
plication of official places and Increase
of public expenditures. On the con
trary, most people want what the few
object to as public extravagance. They
want money raised and spent, and
more officials to spend It. The one
who objects is a fossil, skinflint or
mossback. He Is not "progressive."
One of the features of Bryan's
speeches is his denunciation of the ex
travagance of the Federal Govern
ment. It Is extravagant, to be sure.
But what part of the country, what
state or city, wishes appropriations for
its benefit cut down? Bryan says
that since Roosevelt became President
99,000 new offices have been created.
Well, the greater number are such offi
cials as post office employes, forest
agents. Irrigation directors, new em
ployes In the Navy, men engaged In
superintendence of erection of public
buildings and other works, etc., and so
on. There has been enormous in
crease of the number of city and rural
delivery postal servants, a multitude of
additional engineers, gunners, etc., in
the new Navy; vast projects for recla
mation of arid . Lands, In which many
men are employed and consequent in
crease of bureau work in most of the
departments at Washington. Some
think that, with the growing import
ance of our country, and with de
mands for maintenance and extension
of its service at home and abroad,
U will be necessary to continue this
policy, and that the expenditure will
Increase rather than diminish. Should
Mr. Bryan be elected it would be In
teresting to note how much and in
what directions it will be cut down.
THE SEW HARK IMA ' PROJECTS.
Mr. Harrlman's promise of Immedi
ate construction of the Tillamook rail
road and the line into Central Oregon
Is so plain and unqualified that there
is but little doubt of the early comple
tion of these two projects. In some
respects the construction of these two
new roads means more for Portland
than the coming of the new North
Bank line. The latter, of course, ad
mits Portland into a trade field which
for years has been exclusively at the
mercy of the Puget Sound ports.
With the completion of the North
Bank line our business Interests can
enter this rioh field on something bet
ter than even terms with their com
petitors on the north, but they will al
ways find a certain amount of compe
tition from the northern ports. But
in the Central Oregon and Tillamook
region the big traffic that will "follow
the completion of the road will not foe
divided with Puget Sound, but will all
come to Portland.
The same will be true of the Coos
Bay country, which will undoubtedly
receive the desired transportation fa
cilities very soon after the lines are
completed to Tillamook and Central
Oregon. The development of resources
In Portland territory, made possible
by the construction of these new
roads, will at every stage be reflected
in degree in the growth of Portland.
The grain of Central Oregon, and the
lumber of the coast country, when
sold foreign, will all find Its way to
market . through Oregon's greatest
seaport. Dairying, fruitgrowing and
diversified farming, which have sup
planted, to a considerable extent, the
growing of grain In the" Willamette
Valley, will, with the aid of the ex
tensive irrigation enterprises planned
for Central Oregon, support an ever
increasing population, which in turn
win aid in building op new cities and
towns in a long-neglected but rich
part of the state.
The Tillamook country includes
hundreds of small valleys and "draws"
in which small farming and stock
raising can be engaged with great
profit. From a traffic standpoint it is,
of course, the timber that is by far
the most attractive for the railroads,
and while the abundance of timber,
easier of access, may prevent the im
mediate marketing of the timber that
the new roads will make accessible, it
is but a question of a few years before
the latter will be In demand, and its
marketing will Insure for an indefi
nite period Portland's prestige as the
greatest lumber port in the world.
The completion of the various rail
road projects now under way or pro
jected by both Mr. Harrlman and Mr.
Hill will admit of arrest development
throughout the entire Portland terri
tory, but to profit to the fullest ex
tent by these Increased facilities it will
be, necessary for Portland to continue
the present work on the river and bar.
There will be no further trouble in
getting traffic down to tidewater, but
it is an absolute necessity that there
be no delays or unnecessary expense In
sending it on to sea. The channel
over the bar at the mouth of the river
is scouring out to a good- depth and
the depth between Portland and the
bar is perhaps sufficient for the pres
ent. But every possible effort should
be made to have a thirty-foot channel
from Portland to Astoria by the. time
the extensive system of new roads now
planned is completed.
' LABOR DAT.
It cannot be supposed that the con
flict between labor and capital ever
will cease. The conditions that make
the conflict inhere in the nature of
things. They are inseparable from
man's situation or position upon the
catth. Tet somewhere in the endless
.Jar between the opposing forces Jus
tice" must reside, and does reside; but
the dividing line Is a close one, and
either party exerts Itself, on the one
hand to get the best terms it can, and
on the other to prevent the opposite
party from getting advantage. In this
conflict there can be no general pros
perity without some approximation to
Justice for both sides.
Some writer has said: "Man has an
absolute right to the product of his
own labor, because it Is really a right
to- himself. Slavery was unjust be
cause it denied this right and took the
product of the worklngman's labor for
the slaveowner. Capitalism is unjust
in ap far as it takes too great a pro
portion of this product for the tool
owner. State socialism is unjust be
cause it takes the whole of the prod
uct for the community. It Is a form
of slavery, with the community f jr
the master."
Facts and p-.'nciples control in the
end though the struggle Is continu
ous. Economic laws are over all, and
right comprehension of them an!
compliance with them, if they could
be found, would always accord wit
Justice. But the struggle produces
conditions that make Justice exceed
ingly difficult to reach, and still more
difficult to maintain. It forces com
bination of capital on one s!de and of
labcr on the other: the conflict
crushes the small employer and builds
up the larger; and labor, therefore, in
Its endeavors to take care of Itself and
maintain Its rights and interests, has
been emoii; the most potent factors
in the creation of many of the colossal
fortunes of the country, if not th9
mot potent of them all.
This, of course, is not the intentioa
of labor, but it Is the result; for in
the conflict nearly all the small em
ployers are eliminated; the great
ones engross the business ar.d profits,
and some few become enormously
rich. The evil, then, apparently 13
aggravated by efforts made to con
trol it.
Such a problem can only "work out"
in its own way.. In the development
1. will continually present new phases,
but no final solution; for it is an in
terminable struggle, because condi
tions of industry and markets are con
tinually changing, and the disposition
of man himself amid these changes Is
no fixed quantity. One age is never
fully satisfied with the conditions or
achievements of another. Yet in the
long run there has been and always
will be some nearer approach to jus
tice, all round even though to ordi
nary vision scarcely perceptrble.
One is reminded of the figure known
to geometers as asymptote, in which
lines or curves seem to approach each
other and come Indefinitely near, but
never mett. Labor day may not seem
to have any positive use, or to produce
any real effect, but It helps to keep In
action the spirit of effort, which In
this matter is the spirit of man striv
ing for better conditions; for such
striving is the only way to Improve
ment or progress. Without activity
the human spirit is nothing; without
activity there is no human spirit, and
association Is a necessary spur to all
progressive action.
SOCIALISM A3TO CHMSTIAKIXT.
"Christian Socialism" Is the theme
of many a pulpit and platform. That
many of the sayings of. Jesus may
have an Interpretation profoundly
socialistic Is certain. But he always
held that his kingdom was not of this
world. Nor would it be possible to
maintain human society on close and
literal Interpretation of the altrulstlo
and mystical doctrines handed down
as spoken by him. It is attempted
by Christians of no denomination.
A recent book entitled "Christian
ity and Social Crises," by Walter
Rauschenbusch (New York: Macmil
lanL challenges attention. The thesis
of the author Is that the ruling pur
pose of Christianity Is social recon
structloa, that for various reasons this
prime object of the Christian religion
has been grievously neglected from
the apostolic age to the present, that
the church is now face to face with
a grave situation, and that her duty
as well as her opportunity is to turn
Socialist, atJure the present competi
tive system, ally herself with the prole
tariat and against the capitalistic
class, and march on in triumph in a
new order of the world.
The primary conviction upon which
the author has based his argument Is
that Christianity came Into the world
as a social movement, and that the
real aim of Its founder and his imme
diate successors was the reconstruc
tion .of society. The attempt is made
to draw a close parallel between the
political., .activities of the Hebrew
prophets and the career of Jesus. .Yet,
if any conclusion is established as the
result of critical study of the Gospels,
it Is that the reformation of society
was far from the thought of the Gall
lean teacher, and that anything like
a panacea for the ills of the world is
in direct violation of his spirit. His
message was for the inner life of the
Individual and he did nothing for so
ciety as a whole. That he did not
contemplate the abolition of poverty
Is shown by his remark, "The poor
ye have always with you," and the
equanimity with which he regarded
oppression and Inequality Is witnessed
by his counsel, "Render unto Caesar
the things that are Caesar's." The
socialist interpretation of the New
Testament is further from the truth
than the traditional and ecclesiastical.
Yet In Justice to this writer it
should be noted that He says "Jesus
was no mere social reformer," and
"no comprehension of Jesus is even
approximately true which fails to un
derstand that the heart of his heart
was religion," should be quoted. As a
teacher of hiBtory he Is well aware
that the apocalyptic ' atmosphere In
which the founder of Christianity
lived permeated all his thought. But
the Judgment of the historian gives
way completely before the passion of
the reformer.
It Is not possible to convert the
spiritual Idealism of the New Testa
ment into the doctrines of socialism,
which are wholly materialistic and
economic Yet it is easy in matters
of this kind to go far astray. The
standpoint and temperament of the
writer or speaker have everything to
do with It. It is clear that the spirit
ual persuasiveness of the Gospels be
longs to a state of mind wholly dif
ferent from that manifest In -the care
and thought of the material resources
of prosperous or comfortable living.
The two realms are at infinite dis
tances from each other.
Traditional interpretation often
shows similar misunderstanding of the
mission and purpose of Jesus. The
death of a great interpreter of the
modern school, .Professor Pfleiderer,
of Berlin," recently announced, calls to
mind his famous book, which pro
duced a profound interest throughout
the religious world, by proving that
the foundation of Christianity as a
theological system including the in
terpretation of the place of Jesus In
It was the work of the Apostle Paul,
without which that of Jesus would
have perished. Substitution of the'
historical for the ecclesiastical view
may seem to make no present differ
ence, but it will make a difference
in ultimates,' of profoundest - signifi
cance and Importance.
Again, comparison and Interpreta
tion of the Gospels with each other
compels a change of view, which is
producing & profound Impression upon
the religious world. The radical dif
ference between the Fourth Gospel
and the thre preceding ones Is now
known to every close observer. All
competent exegetes now admit that
the author of the Fourth Gospel has
dealt in the most arbitrary manner
with the facts of the life of Jesus; that
he had a theory to maintain, putting
Into the mouths of the Galilean disci
ples confessions of faith which were
made only bylater generations In the
Church, and reading into the life of
Jesus ideas to which his immediate
disciples and reporters were strangers.
Again, either Jesus was a controversi
alist with "the Jews," continually set
ting forth his claims and defining his
person, as In the Gospel of John, or he
was the preacher of "the kingdom"
and a teacher "by parables, as In the
Synoptics. He could not have been
both. And in any event, why try to
read Into the Gospels, or any of them,
ideas wholly foreign to the circle out
of which they came? Christianity
and Socialism may agree In some of
their aims, but they cannot agree in
their methods; for there is not a trace
of spirituality about Socialism and not
a trace of materialism about Chris
tianity. Even if not necessarily In
consistent, they cannot possibly be
identical. Socialism is an economic
proposition; not In the circle of relig
ious ideas, any more than guaranty
of bank deposits or free trade.
TAFT8 BIO SERVICE TO HIS COUNTRY.
. When the owner of a large estab
lishment has Important work of su
pervision and direction he wants per
formed, and this work requires execu
tive ability, he selects for that work a
man who has had experience particu
larly qualifying him for the task'.
While there might be occasionally a
man of Inexperience who could do the
work with no very serious mjshaps,
yet no proprietor with good Judgment
leaves Important affairs to one not
known to be qualified. It was' this
practice in private enterprise that
Governor Hughes was applying to the
problem of electing a President when,
in his address Saturday, he called at
tention to the experience of Taft and
Bryan in public affairs. .He gave each
credit for meaning well toward his
country, and then said:
Tha real queatlon la. Which candidate will
make the beat President Mr. Bryan never
has bandied a eingle foreign problem. Ha
haa governed no Philippines, regenerated no
Cuba, built no canal, avoided no alien dan
ger, saved us from no threatened peril.
It was Mr. Taft whose counsel President
Rooeevelt Bought at every crisis of his hls
torlo administration: ha who helped avert
war when little politicians and narrow
minds would have plunged us into conflict.
It was William H. Taft whom our President,
when confronted with foreign perpjexltlea
and with the awful weight of our ninety
millions' welfare on Ma heart, sought for
strength and wisdom; and It is William H.
Taft mora than any man ever called to the
leadership of the -American people, who has
had the beat training, tha wldeat experience
and tha wlaest teaching to fit him for that
glorious but serious task.
And such is undoubtedly the view
of the voters of the country, for there
is not the slightest indication of lack
of confidence in Taft nor of great con
fidence In Bryan. The country Is
strongly Republican, and in the ab
sence of signs of an uprising and an
overturning of policies, it Is safe to
predict that there will be no change of
administration. It is not to be expect
ed that Taft will poll as large a vote
as Roosevelt did, nor that as many
Republicans will be in the next Con
gress as in the last. Roosevelt's pop
ularity not only brought him a record-breaking
.vote, but increased .Re
publican strength everywhere. Should
Mr. Taft be elected, it will be because
he Is best fitted to perform the duties
of President. ' ,
GOOD OFFICERS DON'T COXFTJCT.
. The re-election of a public officer
who Jias rendered valuable service is
more Important as a triumph of nrin-
ciple than as a triumph of the individ
ual. Quite likely there are a number
of men who could carry out in New
York the policies that have been es
tablished by Hughes, but to elect any
other man than Hughes would leave
doubt as to the people's attitude re
garding his Idea of good government.
His re-election will be conclusive evi
dence that New York approves of ag
gressive work for reform.- It takes no
great mind nor strong character to fill
a Governor's jfflce, even in New York.
It does take both a great mind and a
strong character to whip a .rebellious
Legislature into line and bring dis
honest and tyrannical corporations
Into subjection.
Senator Foraker's assertion that the
executive department must not be per
mitted to interfere with the legislative
or Judicial sounds very plausible, but
It needs qualification. One depart
ment should not Interfere with an
other so long as that other faithfully
performs Its duty to the people who
created it. Whenever a Governor neg
lects to serve his employers the peo
ple faithfully, It is proper for a Leg
islature to pass acts or adopt resolu
tions which will call public attention
to his omissions. If the Legislature
of New York or the Insurance compa
nies of that state thought Hughes was
not acting In accordance with public
interest, they should have appealed to
public opinion. By so doing they
could have whipped him Into line pro
vided public opinion condemned him.
It was Just as proper for the Governor IL
to appeal to public opinion In an ef
fort to enforce his Jdeas of what
should be done to promote the public
welfare.. Public opinion will not con
demn any officer or public service
corporation If his or its acts have been
commendable. .
Mr. Foraker pursued such a policy.
He did not like the course of Presi
dent Roosevelt in a number of partic
ulars, and said so. He 'appealed to
public opinion, the people heard him
and decided' against him. In view of
the results of the Republican conven
tion he would appear to better advan
tage if he maintained a discreet si
lence regarding the administration
which has been so strongly approved.
As a member of the Senate Mr. Fora
ker protested against the acts of the
President, but Roosevelt pleaded that
members of the Senate should not in
terfere with the executive. Roosevelt
willingly submitted to the members of
his party the question whether his
course or, that of Foraker is prefer
able. And so In New York and every
other state where the executive and
legislative departments come into con
flict. Every legislator as well as every
Governor makes his own record, and
he should not complain if his record
does not compare favorably with that
of some other officer. The man who
gets credit for reforms is he who takes
the lead in aggressively advocating
them. It Is as easy for a legislator to
do this as for a Governor. The pub
lic servant who finds himself discred
ited Is he who opposes or delays re
forms. The man who Is right can
safely appeal to public opinion.
General Sickles is 83 years of age.
The story of his meeting with his wife,
after a separation of twenty-seven
years, is impressive almost pathetic.
It recalls the tragedy with which his
name was associated fifty years ago,
and starts many a recollection of the
politics of the period preceding the
Civil War. General Sickles entered
the Army at the beginning of the strug
gle, and was soon advanced to high
command. He was in all the battles
of the Army of the Potomac down to
Gettysburg, where he commanded the
Third Corps and was disabled by
wounds. After the war ha was re
tired, with the rank of MaJor-iGeneral.
Grant sent him as Minister to Spain
in 1869. He was one of the few Dem
ocrats in Congress there were not
more than one-half dozen who defied
secession and rebellion and took their
stand with President Lincoln for main
tenance of the Union.
The largest grain fleet ever assem
bled on the Columbia River for Sep
tember loading is now receiving cargo
at Portland. The largest grain dock
in the world Is nearlng completion in
this city, and the largest packing
house plant west of the Rocky Moun
tains is well under way in this city.
The amount of railroad mileage now
under construction or definitely
planned for early construction in the
state Is the largest In the history of
Portland. The wheat crop has been
exceeded In size In past years, but in
no former season has there been such
a large amount of the crop of the
three states tributary to Portland as
at this time. The building permits
for the remainder of the year promise
to break all former records, and real
estate transfers will make a similar
good showing. These are a few of the
principal reasons why Portlanders are
wearing "the smile that won't come
off."
"Our ministers of state divide their
time between playing ducks and
drakes with the British navy and run
ning amuck in the British army,"
says Editor Maxse, of the National
Review, in a political speech Saturday.
He then proceeds to point out the ad
vantage of the German national pol
icy. The contrast is not at all favor
able to the British. This exposure of
the weak points in the British armor
may make interesting reading for the
Germans, bvt the policy of Germany
is such that no political speaker would
be permitted to indulge in any such
language regarding a possible similar
situation in Germany. The people of
the Fatherland do much loud talking
about their greatness, but they are
silent regarding the weaknesses, leav
ing them for the enemy to discover.
Next state to vote is Maine Tues
day of next week. Vermont's returns
showed a slight fall from the Repub
lican majority preceding the lasfPres
idential election, tout nothing signifi
cant In Maine there may also be
some reduction. But Taft's support
ers think he might get somewhat
smaller majorities than those of
Roosevelt and yet be elected. Four
years ago, In the September election,
the Republican candidate for Gover
nor In Maine had a plurality of 26,800.
"Shall the people rule?" Bryan de
mands to know. He 1 behind the
times.- It Is known of all men (Mr.
Bryan and his close attendants like
Milt. Miller excepted) that the will of
the people has declared itself in the
last twelve years the years of
Bryan's ascendancy over the Demo
cratic party, by the election of Repub
lican Administrations and Congresses.
Pity that Bryan's speeches, in sup
port of his fads, fallacies and fool
eries, which were delivered when he
was a candidate in 1896, and again in
1900, couldn't have been "canned," for
repetition now. What tones they would
grind outl
"Bryan can do no harm if elected,
the Senate is Republican." is a strange
argument for Bryan. "Some of you
fellers hold "Bill, there," shouted one
who was Just about getting Into a
fight; "dad can hold me!"
The only law, evidently, which Co
lumbia River salmon men will respect
is Nature's law of supply, and they
don't respect that law yet.
Harrlman will be an even bigger
man next time he comes, since by
that time, of course, his promised
railroads will be materializing.
If Senator Bourne and Candidate
Cake can be induced to stump all Ore
gon for Taft. there's no telling what
the majority might be.
There's to be mighty great develop
ment in Oregon within the next five
years. Get In and help, or get out of
the way.
Trust the weather's knowing how to
prepare in. the Autumn for the winter.
1908.
DEATH IX PUBLIC DRINK" CCP9.
Grippe, Pneumonia, Diphtheria and
Tonallltla Germs Art Spread.
Professor Alvtn Davidson, of Lafayette Col
lego In tha Technical World.
'The evidence condemning the use
of the common drinking vessels upon
any occasion, whether at school, church,
or home, is derived from three sources:
1, the frequent presence of disease
produclug bacteria in the mouth; 2, the
detection of pathogenic germs on the
public cups; and 3, the discovery that
where a number of persons drank from
a cup previously used by the sick, some
of them became ill.
"Recent Investigations show that the
germs of diphtheria and grippe fre
quently remain from one to three
months in the mouths of the patients
after they have recovered from the
disease. - The very extensive arrd care
ful observations of the Minnesota
State Board of Health demonstrated
that in over half of the dlpntherla
cases virulent germs remained In the
nose and throat of the patients three
weeks after recovery. Most careful
examinations by expert bacteriologists
show that many of the common sore
throats are really light cases of diph
theria. Of the 2038 mild sore throats
examined in the schoolchildren of Hart
ford, Conn., 691 were shown to be due
to the true diphtheria germ. The
bacilli now universally employed In the
making of diphtheria antitoxin were
first isolated from a mild sore throat.
Bacteria which in one person cause
only slight illness may, when trans
ferred to another individual, produce
serious disease and death. This wide
ly different effect of the same germ
may be due to the variation of the
germ-killing power of the body tissues,
or it may result from,new association
with other germs.
"It is an established fact that a con
siderable number of well persons har
bor in their mouths the germs of
grippe, pneumonia, diphtheria and ton
sllltls. Examination of 4250 persons
by the Massachusetts Association of
the Boards of Health showed that over
100 of them carried in their mouths
virulent diphtheria germs. Pennington
in 1907, found virulent diphtheria bacilli
in nearly 5 per cent of a large number
of apparent healthy schoolchildren in
Philadelphia. In Minnesota, true diph
theria germs were found in the mouths
of TO persons In every 1000 examined.
The average results of a large number
of investigations demonstrate that
nearly one per cent of well persons
carry in their mouths true diphtheria
germs. In Boston, 60 per cent of all
cases of common catarrh examined
showed the presence of grippe bacilli.
Considerable evidence Is at hand show
ing that the germs of sore throat, pneu
monia and bronchitis are present In
many people who mingle with the well
and drink from the public cups.
"The mortality statistics of the
Census Bureau show that diphtheria,
meningitis, bronchitis, tuberculosis,
pneumonia and grippe, all of which are
likely to be acquired by the use of
the common cup, are responsible for
nearly 400,000 deaths annually in the
United States. This fact Indicates that
the germs of these diseases produce in
a single year more than a million cases
of Berlous illness. The financial loss to
the country and the mental anguish, as
well as bodily suffering, due to these
preventable diseases call loudly for the
banishment of the unsanitary and filthy
common communion cup as well as the
public drinking vessel befouled with
human excretions shielding the darts
of death.
"More than 10,000 churches have now
adopted tha Individual communion cups,
and many schools either provide a
sanitary drinking fountain or require
the pupils to use individual cups. In
many places in Germany, pasteboard
cups are furnished which, after being
once used, are destroyed. Wherever
hygienic measures have been adopted
in a community, sickness and death
have decreased. By living more in ac
cordance with the rules of hygiene
New York City reduced her death rate
from 25 per 1000 to 18 per 1000' during
the period from 1S90 to 1905. Within
the same years Chicago has reduced
her death rate from 19 to 14 per 1000."
Episcopal Clergymen Named Cnmmlnzs,
VANCOUVER, Wash., Sept. 5. (To the
Editor.) Please allow me a word with
reference to the Reverend (?) William
C. Cummings, of Michigan, who Is Bald
to have eloped with his sister-in-law and
whom the newspapers are representing
as an "Eplseopal clergyman." The sim
ple fact of the matter is that the fellow
te not a clergyman of the Episcopal
Church. The clergy list of that church
contains no such name. The only Cum
mingses among the Episcopal clergy are
Rev. Cassander S. Cummings, of Libe
ria, West Africa, and Rev. Charles A.
Cummings. of Chicago Heights, 111.
There Is one who bears the name of
Cummins, but he Is Rev. Alexander G.
Cummins, of Poughkeepsie, N. Y.
Furthermore, I have every clergy list
which has been published during the
last 10 years, and diligent .search fails
to disclose the name of William C. Cum
mings or Cummins.
W. C. SHEPPARD.
. IV o Reaction In Vermont.
Kansas City Star (Ind.).
So far as the Vermont election indi
cates National political sentiment the
Importance of the returns lies in the
fact that no change is Indicated by
comparison with the state elections of
the last two preceding Presidential
years. The Republican plurality Is
substantially the same as that of four
years ago, the difference being Insuffi
cient to denote any reaction against the
policies of the Roosevelt administra
tion or any weakness in the Taft can
didacy. Doubtless too much significance has
been attached to the Vermont election
in Presidential years, but so far as the
returns of yesterday are concerned they
offer no discouragement to Republicans
nor do they afford Democrats -any
ground -for elation.
. The Valne of Money.
Puck.
"Oh, yes," replied the mlllloned
matron, "we make a point of allowing
our boy pocket money regularly. Every
week his papa hands Bobby $1000 in
small change fifties and twenties. It's
only a trifle, but, do you know, it
teaches him the value of money? He
Isn't quite 10 years old, yet he manages
his little revenue with a great deal of
foresight. It would tmme you to hear
him try to beat down a Justice of the
Peace who is fining him for having
killed somebody with his automobile.
Yes, we insist on his paying for lux
uries out of his allowance. We buy his
automobiles, but the fines -he has to
take care of himself."
Wanted to Be Remembered.
Cleveland Leader.
The lawyer was drawing up Enpeck's
will. "I hereby bequeath all my prop
erty to my' wife," dictated Enpeck. "Got
that down?" "Yes," answered the at
torney. "On condition," continued En
peck, "that she marries within a year."
"But why that condition?" asked the
man of law. "Because," answered the
meek and lowly testator, "I want some
body to be sorry that I died."
Remarks.
How did we ever get the fool notion that
the ability to make a rattling public ad
dress was a real qualification for hold
ing public office? Nebraska State Jour
nal. Up to date, as the election returns of
the last IS years show, the voters, of the
country have not so regarded it, in all
caseev Chicago Tribune,
I UKUHL1U IjSEi "JT ... - " - -
May Revolutionise Lighting and Metal
Working;.
From a book notice of a bulletin on Cal
cium Carbide and Acetyllne. lued by the
Department of Chemistry of the Pennsyl
vania State College.
The use of acetylene commercially is
an evolution covering ten or twelve
years. The rapid strides which the new
lllumlnant has made, especially in
country homes, is making It a formid
able competitor for favor wherever
illumination is required.
The spectral analysis of the light
shows it to be a practical duplication
of sunlight, so that colors have their
true value when illuminated by this
brilliant gas. Recently the use of
acetylene for the headlights of auto
mobiles, its adoption by the Govern
ment for beacon lights, lighthouses,
forts and Indian schools, has given
acetylene new Impetus.
Professor Pond has shown that the
dweller In the country home can se
cure this excellent lllumlnant at a cost
which compares, to the advantage of
acetylene, with city gas when burned
in the open flame burner costing a
dollar per thousand cubic feet.
The board of engineers of the Na
tional Board of Fire Underwriters
have, after a year's examination of the
subject, declared that acetylene, when
installed with approved apparatus, .is
safer than the illumlnants which it re
places, and the National Board of Fire
Underwriters has revised its rules in
such a manner as to encourage its more
rapid introduction. Calcium carbide,
which haa In some quarters been re
garded as a dangerous substance, has
been investigated and declared to be
without hasard by the fire underwrit
ers. These - facts will come in the
nature of a great surprise to many
who have regarded acetylene aa dan
gerous. In dealing with this phase of
the subject. Professor Pond has given
thorough Information as to the safe
use of acetylene and the precautions
which must be taken with this sub
stance, the same as with any other
lllumlnant.
An Interesting phase of the subject
Is the remarkable use of what Is known
as the oxy-acetylene blowpipe. By
burning acetylene In an atmosphere of
pure oxygen, the highest temperature
In chemistry Is evolved, practically
equalling the electric arc A pencil of
flame two or three Inches long, and no
larger than the barrel of a fountain
pen. can be drawn across a piece of
sheet metal and literally melts the
metal in two. The process can be re
versed and sheet metal. Iron, brass,
copper, aluminum, and in fact any of
the ordinary metals can be literally
melted together and, curiously, the
Joint Is so perfectly formed that a
file will not disclose the point of frac
ture. Bridge girders have been cut
with great rapidity, and it Is stated
that this simple pencil of flame prom
ises a revolution In the methods of
metal-working establishments.
Another curious phase of the sub
ject is the fact that calcium carbide at
certain temperatures has the power of
fixing the nitrogen of the air and in
this way will produce a fertilizer called
cyanamlde, which Is found equal to the
Chilian nitrates. Few people realise
that 115,000,000 worth of Chilian
nitrates have been Imported into this
country and used by the farmers here
during the past year.
Calcium carbide is a rock-like sub
stance produced by melting together
lime and coke in the electric furnace.
It is hot affected by any substance ex
cept water, and when brought in con
tact with water it gives off rapidly the
gas known as acetylene.
The bulletin on calcium carbide and
acetylene can be had. free by applica
tion, accompanied by six cents post
age, to the department of chemistry,
the Pennsylvania State College, State
College, Pa.
One On the Jury.-
New York Times.
When Ella Van Dross, a young col
ored girl, was tried before Judge Ro
salsky. in General Sessions, on the
charge that, when Joseph Kayatt, a
white man from Yonkers, asked her In
the hall at 249 Second avenue whether
the Joneses lived on the floor above.
she stealthily removed a pocketbook
containing 110 from his pocket, the
Jury deliberated only a few minutes
and then returned with their verdict,
The girl, much disturbed, was led to
the bar. The foreman rose. "We find
the defendant not guilty." he said. As
the late prisoner was turning to leavs
court. Judge Rosalsky called out:
"One moment, Ella, Be careful not
to let any suspicion fall on you, wheth
er you are Innocent this time or not,"
"Oh, Judge," said the girl, "Ah nevah
done it before, an' to' da Lord Ah
nevah will again."
The Jury looked amazed.
"That's one on you, gentlemen," re
marked the Judge, and all the court
room laughed.
Debs vs. Gompers.
Springfield Republican.
Mr. Debs has his club swinging mer
rily over Mr. Gompers head; and he
can scarcely pose as an expert on in
junctions from the labor side having,
as he points out, had more Injunctions
Issued against him than any other man
in the strike business. Mr. Gompers
faces & direct challenge in Mr. Debs'
remark that "Gompers does not dare
to stand on any public platform in my
presence and defend his Democratic
gold-brick injunction plank, nor show
in what respect the Democratic party
is less a capitalist party or more a la
bor party than the Republican party."
Mr. Gompers wants the rules of labor
warfare loosened up; Mr. Debs would
abolish labor wars entirely by destroy
ing the capitalist system.
A FEW TRJFTJES.
"Our buelneaa Is all run down." "What
shall we do?'' "I gueea we'd better wind
It up." Loulavllla Courier-Journal.
Syndicate Manager Thla play haa a few
good situations. Playwright What would
yoh advlaef 8. M. Cut 'em out Puck.
"Mrs BUdad says that she talks In her
sleep." "That Isn't the worst of it, either.
Bhe talks when aha la awake." Life.
"Pa!" "Well, what Is It nowT" "Pa,
when I grow up. how will I keep from mar
rying the wrong woman?" "You won't"
Life.
Blobbs A politician always reminds me
of a piano. Slobbs How ao? Blobbs If
he's square he's considered old-fashioned.
Philadelphia Beoord.
Caller Is the cashier Int Bank Presi
dent Tes. I think he is, but we don't know
how much yet. Tha examiner la going over
tha booka. Puck.
"Ton wants to look out foh da man
dat'a alwaya glvin' advice," said Uncle Eben.
"De chances are dat he's one o' desa folks
dat likes to watch experiments while some
one else takes all de risk." Washington
6tar.
"You may put that back In the show
case?" said the Indignant Mrs. Lapellng to
the milliner. "I wouldn't even wear, much
leas buy. a hat named in honor of that hor
rid murderess, Charlotte Corduroy 1" -Chicago
Tribune.
"It 'pears tew ma." remarked the rural
philosopher, "that law air a heap sight like
a colt." "How's that?" queried tha hired
man. "Somebody haa tew break it afore
yew kin tell whether It's enny good or not."
explained tha old granger. Chicago Dally
News.
"Is your son-in-law, tha Duke, a good
conversationalist?" "Well," answered Mr.
Cumrox, "he'a willing enough. Buy my for
eign vocabulary la limited, I can never feel
sure whether he Is talking about his pedi
gree or thinking up a menu for dinner."
Washington Star.
Affable grocer (to local art master) Tea,
sir, I shall be sending Mm along to your
evening claaaea when 'e'a a bit older, and I
want you. to learn 'lm Jnst like you learned
his brother. Ton so trained that lad's eye,
air. ttaat 'e can cut the bacon to a quarter
of an ounce. Punch.
Pharaoh, the Oppressor, Was Thla Same
Colossus of Mle.
Robert HIchens, in Century Magazine.
If you have ever ridden an Arab
horse, mounted In the heart of an oasis,
to the verge of the great desert, you
will remember the bound, thrilling with
fiery animation, which he gives when
he sets his feet on the sand beyond the
last tall date-palms." A bound like that
the soul gives when you sit in the
Rameseeum and see the crowding sun
beams, the far-off groves of palm trees
and the drowsy mountains, like
shadows, that sleep beyond the 'Nile.
And you look up. perhaps, as I looked
that morning, and upon a lotus column
near you, relieved, you perceive the
figure of a young man singing.
A, young man singing! Let him be
the tutelary god of this place, who
ever lie be, whether only some humble,
happy slave, or he "superintendent of
song and of the recreation of the king."
Rather even than Amun-Ra let him be
the god. For there Is something
nobly Joyous In . this architecture, a
dignity that sings.
Like a cloud, a great golden cloud,
a glory impending that will not, can
not, be dissolved into the etn.-r
(Rameses) loomed over the Egypt that
is dead; he looms over the Egypt of
today. Everywhere you meet his traces;
everywhere you hear his name. You.
say to a tall young Egyptian: "How
big you are growing, Hassan!"
He answers. "Come back next year,
my gentleman, and I shall be like
Rameses the Great,"
Or you ask the boatman who rows
you, "Hew can you pull all day against
the current of the Nile?" And he
Bmiles, and lifting bis brown arm. he
says to you: "Look. I am as strong as
Rameses the Great T"
This familiar fame comes down
through some 3220 years. Carved upon
limestone and granite, now It seems
engraven also on every Egyptian heart
that beats not only with the movement
of shadow, or is not burled In the black
" .. .... , i , . , ifhn, nn Iti,
soil icrunzect oy rxnpi. ahu -
ordinate vanity prolong the- true
triumph of genius and impress Its own
view of itself upon the minds of mil
lions. This Rameses Is believed to be
the Pharaoh who oppressed the chil
dren of Israel.
Imagine the greatest figure in the
world such a figure as this Rameses
was In hl3 day with all might, all
glory, all climbing power, all vigor,
tenacity of purpose and granite
strength of will concentrated within
It, struck suddenly down and falling
backward In a collapse whose thunder
might shaka the vitals of the earth, and
you have this prostrate colossus. Even
now one seems to hear it fall, to feel
the warm soil trembling beneath one's
feet as one approaches It.
A row of statues of enormous size,
with arms crossed as If In resignation,
glowing in the sun, in color not gold
or amber, but a delicate desert yellow,'
watch near It like servants of the dead.;
On a slightly lower level than theirs it
lies, and a little nearer the Nile. On y
the upper half of the figure Is left, but
its size Is really terrific. This colossus
was 67 feet high. It weighed 800 tons.
Eight hundred tons of syenite went to
its making, and across the shoulders
Its breadth is, or was, over 22 feet.
But one does not think of measure-'
ments as one looks upon it. It Is stu-
pendous. That is obvious, and that Is
enough. Nor does one think of its -fin- i
ish, of its beautiful, rich color, of any, "
of its details. One thinks of It as a,
tremendous personage laid low, as the
mightiest of the mighty fallen. One:
thinks of It as the dead Rameses
whose glory still looms over Egypt like
a golden cloud that will not disperse.
One thinks of It as the soul that com
manded, and, lo there rose up above
the sands, at the foot of the hills at
Thebes, the exultant Ramesseum,
A1I strong souls cry out secretly for
liberty as for a sacred necessity of life.
Liberty seems to drench the Rames
seum. And all strong souls must exalt
there. The sun has taken It as a be
loved possession. No massy walls keep
him out- No shield-shaped battle
ments rear themselves up against the
outer world as at Medlnet-Abu. No
huge pylons cast down upon the ground
thtlr forms in darkness. The stone
glows with the sun. seems almost to
have a soul glowing with the sense, the
sun-ray sense, of freedom. The heart
leaps up in the Ramesseum not frivol-,
ously, but with a strange, sudden
knowledge of the depths of passionate;
Joy there are in life and In bountiful,'
glorious nature. Instead of the strength;
of a prison, one feels the ecstasy of
space; Instead of the safety of In-;
closure, the rapture of naked publicity.1
But the public to whom this place of
the great king is consigned is a publio
of Theban hills; of the sunbeams strik
ing from them over the wide world
toward the east; of light airs, of drift
ing sand grains, of singing birds, and
of butterflies with pure white wings.
Tipping: situation " In New York.
Whitman Bennett In the Bohemian.
The waiter in the average first-class
New York hotel ar restaurant, such as
Sherry's, or the Knickerbocker, or the
Holland House and In most of the oth
er "nice"' places receives from the pro
prietor . about $1 per day. The Income
of the waiters In these places averages
from $25 to 30 a week. The public
smilingly pays the difference.
The trouble with some of the large
places Is that the work of engaging
waiters and supervising them is handed
over entirely to the bead waiters and
favoritism takes the chance to creep
in via the vest pocket The head wait
ter has the same chance for "graft"
apart from his own large tips for spe
cial attention that cornea to any other
subordinate boss In any other position.
Because the peculiarity of his occupa
tion forces him to indulge in the sin
gularly bad taste of wearing full dress
in the morning his morals are not es
sentially different from those of other
petty tyrants.
Mr. Cleveland's "Last Words."
Hartford Courant.
The nublication of this article, "written
by the last of the country's Democratic
Presidents Just before his death, Is ona
of the most interesting events of the
year. We do not recall anything like it
In the country's political history.
What a Wonder!
Indianapolis Star,
m- v.4-ir ih.t tha hAnldnz experience
... i-1 ... . Dh.i,M hnve wa.ltrl in be
or aai nioiuijr r . .
set at naught by the powerful financial
genius OI UKianomm..
"Raise the Ante."
Los Angeles Times.
T -v-i. ramhiAn inv thev will raise
i j. i n ft' - j
a corruption fund of M.OOO.00O to beat
-.i w TJntrhe for Governor. Raise
your ante, boys! The pot Is not big enough,
for all tne Knaveo in your
Why They Leave the Farm.
New Tork Sun.
Reepected air. we've found It out
By aearch moat diligent:
To every farmhouse roundabout
And elsewhere too we went;
We spared no time., no pains, no skill
By Methods aan and wte.
And our report to you might fill
A book of wondroua s-
But having aeen the things we saw
And heard the things we heard.
And having read the books of law
We sum It in a word:
The folks who leave Cthe quod erst)
' Are those who go away:
The reason why they leave is that i
They do not want to rtay!
J. W. Foley.