THE MORNING OREGOXIAX, WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 5, 1908.
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roltTLAND, WEDNESDAY. FEB. 5. 1908.
THE ritoviN-ciAi-s. I
This story, is told in an English
newspaper. There is pith in it, and
point onough, to engage the reader's
attention?
Mr. TVoodrow Wilson, president of the
Princeton University and a notable American
historian, expressed Interesting views- In a
lecture at Columbia University yesterday. He
said: "If you live in a place where you can
sit around a stove in a country store you
ate much more likely to have opinions than
If you lived in New York." .
He accordingly argued that Senators from
the Western . States . were of more genuine
value to the country than Eastern people.
In the East there 'was no time for original
thought. People mere formed ideas from
newwpapena.
He thought that a National newspaper
should be established, -'-as the papers In great
cities were provincial not a National mediuiri.
This is not wholly true; very few
statements, in which opinions are ex
pressed, are truth absolute. And yet
in this anecdote there is near approx
imation to truth. 7
But there are' difficulties, on both
sides. You may hear a I09 of good
stuff in the talk arouml'a stove in a
country . store. Original ideas crop
out there; Thie talkers may survey
mankind from China to Peru. But
there may be lacking actual knowl
edge of the practicability and limita
tion of their ideas. There is too
much tendency to overlook the les
sons of human experience. Those Its
sons, indeed, are not before the minds
of the speakers; who are too apt to
think the ideal and the possible U
one. And yet large ideas and im
pulses come out of such a situation,
and the world of thought and action
Is continually refreshed by the effort.
On the other hand, the great city
is centered in itself and upon itself.
It becomes provincial; and the bigger
it grows the more provincial it be
comes. Take, the great capitals- Lon
don, New York, Paris. To the great
body of the people of each of these
capitals, their city is the whole world.
But you do- not fipd Xorth Yamhill,
or Prineville, with all their rusticity,
imagining so vain a thing.. Around
the stove in the Country store you will
hear discourse on affairs of the wide
world, such as you never will hear in
the tig cities that deem themselves all
in alt. The provincialism of the great
cities is one of the chief hindrances
of all 'civilizations. Yet' it is no new
thing. It always has been so. It
was quit as much so in Rome two
thousand years ago. as it- is now. in
Xew York, London or Par?.
The suggestion that a national
newspaper should be established to
cure our big cities of their provincial
ism is not practicable. It wouldn't
cure them. Their people wouldn't
read it, nor understand ' it if they
should read it. Everything about
them tends to concentration of their
thoughts upon themselves. On the
other hand, the philosophy you hear
in the discourses about the stove in
the country store deals with all things
in the world of man and mind and
matter, of potential energy and sim
ple existence and whys and where
fores, and some other things. It
isn't ultimate wisdom, we may admit;
but it is a surer road to ultimate wis
dom .than the average thinking, of
New York and London seats of the
provincial and ' parochial press of the
English-speaking world.
The aflempt of the New York
Hoard of Aldermen to stop women
from smoking in public by municipal
law has been turned down by -Mayor
McClellan's veto. While there can be
no diversity of opinion among repu
table men and- women, who honor
clean, dignified, lovable, old-fashioned
womanhood, in .1 regard to women
smoking either In private life or in,
public places, the discrimination at
tempted against a habit in women
that is indulged everywhere unre
buked by men savors too much of
class legislation to pass muster in an
American city or commonwealth. The
young woman with a cigarette is er
roneously held to be a menace to the
moral sense and the physical stamina
of posterity. Apprehension in this
line Is diminished by. the reflection
that girls of this type. are not In train
ing for motherhood. They may and
do marry, it is true, but the one re
deeming feature of these lives is that
their sins of omission or commission
are not visited upon posterity. They
do'not have children.
STATEMENT ONE NOT OBLIGATORY.
Nowhere in the direct primary law
is it ordained that candidates for the
Legislature shall "take" Statement
No. 1, The effort of Democrats and
of the U'Ren clas of Demo-Republicans
to make the public believe that
the primary law requires the taking
of Statement No. 1 by all candidates
for the Legislature ignores the pres
ence In the law of Statement No. 2,
which is as important a part of the
law as Statement No. 1. 1 Nor, as a
matter of fact, does the primary law
declare that candidates for the Legis
lature must subscribe to either state
ment; the law allows them discretion,
either to pledge themselves to vote
for the so-called "people's choice" or
their party's choice, or to consider the
"people's choice" as nothing more
than a recommendation, or to .sub--scribe
to no pledge at all. Statement
No. 2, contained in the same part of
the primary law as Statement No. 1,
is as follows:
During my term of office I shall consider the
vote of the people for United States Senator
In Congress as nothing more than a recom
mendation, which I shall be at liberty to
wholly disregard If the reason for doing so
seems to me to he sufficient.
Suppose a Republican candidate for
United States Senator should be nom
inated by a minority of his party
against the will of lie majority, and
rejected by the majority in the gen
eral election (a likely outcome) in
that case, should the Democratic can
didate, winning the general election,
be designated the "people's choice,"
that is, the choice of 30,000 or 40,000
Republican majority in this state?
Should a Republican aspirant for the
Legislature bind himself to vote for
the Democratic candidate for Senator,
merely because the minority Repub
lican candidate was rejected, and
make this state to be represented in
Washington in the most intensely
political office that Oregon possesses
by a Democrat?
If Republicans -qf Oregon could
nominate for Senator a man the ma
jority of them want elected, then in
the general election, In running
against the Democrat, he would be
the "people's choice" in the true sense
of the name and the Legislature
ought to elect him. But -in the June
election the 65,000 Republicans of
Oregon may have to pick between two
nominees, neither of which they really
want elected the Democratic nomi
nee and the one named by a minority
of the Republicans. In that case will
it be fair to call the winner "the peo
ple's choice?" Manifestly, the win
ner would not be the people's choice.
These matters are mentioned sim
ply for the purpose .of pointing out
the humbug of th "people's choice"
doctrine. The people should elect
their United States Senators. Their
delegates in the Legislature should
have nothing to do with this function.
The change can be effected, however,
only .by amending the National Con
stitution and many of the states
have called for it. ,
The Or.egon method does hot enable
the, people to name their choice for
Senator. And aspirants for seats in
Ihe Legislature are not obliged by the
law to bind themselves to that
method. The law allows them a vari
ety of pledges, besides adherence to
Statement No. 1.
Not another state in the Union has
Oregon's Statement No. 1, or any
thing like it. Not another state of
the Union proposes to set aside, in the
method of electing Senators, the pro
visions of the Constitution of the
United States. The method of . the
Constitution must prevail till the
Constitution shall be changed. To
lake the popularfvote on Senator is
very proper as a guide. But it can
not control the Legislature, nor .will
it, to the extent of causing a Demo
cratic Legislature to elect -a .Repub
lican Senator, or a Republican Leg
islature to elect a Democratic Senator.
It is really childish to think of it.
SHERMAN ACT INADEQUATE.
. The unanimity of opinion regarding
the outcome of the suit against the
Harriman merger is so pronounced
that it seems strange that 'any at
tempt should have been made to at
tack it on the lines which Attorney
General Bonaparte rs forced to follow.
"In logic and as a measure of public
policy," says -the New York Times,
"the suit is senseless and without
warrant. But the law has apparently
been violated, and that justifies the
Attorney.General. He has no choice;
he must sue, though his suit can have
but a sterile' and empty triumph." No
denial which the Harriman people
can make w ill "convince any one that
competition between the Southern
Pacific and Union Pacific has not been'
eliminated. We have the prima facie
evidence ;ever fcefore us. We do not
ven expect that Mr. R. B. Miller, in
charge of traffic for the O. R. & X."
Unton Pacific, will engage in any vro
lent competition for business with Mr.
R. B. Miller, in charge of traffic for
the Southern Pacific.
The. only semblance of an excuse
why competition' should be indulged
in under such circumstances might lie
in the. fact that hot all of the stock
holders ' in the Union Pacific are
stockholders in the Southern Pacific,
and vice verpa.- But, even in this
case, :Mr. Harriman is like the man
who was uncertain as to his destina
tion In the next world, for he "has
friends In both places,", and to avoid
offense it Is but natural that he should
divide the territory just as Mr. Hill
divided the territory of the Great
Northern and the Northern Pacific
before and after the celebrated mer
ger suit which resulted in divorcing
the properties but failed to restore
competition.
But while It is expecting too much
to look for any tangfble results that
will benefit the people, the prosecu
tion of Mr. Harriman for violation of
the Sherman act will , bring to light
the shortcomings of that act, and, thus
show the vital importance of a substi
tute under which proseevftions can be
carried on with some assurance of
success. Enlargement of the powers
of the Interstate Commerce Commis
sion might accomplish something on
these lines, and. If that should not
prove practicable, effects similar to
those conferred on shippers by active
competition might be secured through
local maiiraum rate bills in the states
traversed by these roads.
The people, of the Pacific Northwest
have suffered most by this Union Pa- J
cific merger, and they are becoming
extremely dissatisfied with the divis
ion oS territory whioh gives Califor
nia the corn and Oregon the husks.
The outcome of the pending suit
promises to be somewhat farcical, but
there will be nothing farcical about
the measures that may be invoked
to replace the inoperative" Sherman
law.
VOTERS AS LAWMAKERS.
Now we may see how extensively
the people of Oregon have embarked
on the business of making their own
laws. Nineteen measures are' ' to be
submitted under the terms of the ini
tiative and referendum. The time ex
pired Friday when such bills might be
filed with the Secretary of State at
Salem; so we know that there will be
just nineteen, no more, no less. It is
enough, far more than enough. -.The
voter has ample time, perhaps, be
tween now and the June election to
acquaint himself, with the provisions
of these bills. But will he? He will
not. '-Very few will take the time or
trouble to know what these things are
about, or what vital and far-reaching
effect they will have on the legisla
tion and life in Oregon. For these
measures are Important, every omr of
them, and some of them are revolu
tionary. Take, for example, the ex
traordinary constitutional amendment
proposing 'in effect the single tax as
the sole method for all future prop
erty tax In' Oregon. It proposes to
exempt from taxation all manuiictur
ing establishments and all dwellings
and to impose the chief tax burden
hereafter on land. If this measure
shall pass there w-ill be 'readjust
ment and reform of all values in Ore
gon that will shake and undermine
the whole property structure at its
very foundation. Here is. an innova
tion that no sane community would
adopt, if at all, without careful con
sideration and long preparation; yet
here in Oregon a few agitators and
reformers- propose that it shall be
done by the mere scratch of the care
less or. uninformed voter's pen.
. The facilities for law-tinkering and
lawmaking in Oregon are too easy,
and we'are beginning to see that they
are dangerous, or at least that they
may be employed In dangerous and
ruinous ways.
MR. WALTON'S EUCK.
Charles Walton is an enterprising
young man who mounted a streetcar
four years ago and proceeded, to rob
the passengers. Policeman Nelson
venturing to interfere with the busi
ness which he had initiated, Walton
shot him. We have learned of. late
from Dr. Day and other great moral
ists that business must not be inter
fered with, no matter though It be
robbery; but at that time the world
was not so advanced in its standards
and Walton was . arrested. He was
taken before the udge and ordefed to
say whether he was guilty or not of
the two charges against him. One
that he had attempted to rob the pas
sengers in the car, the other that he
had tried to murder the policeman.
Walton seems not to have been quite
certain whether he was guilty or not,
and accordingly asked for time to
make up his mind. The court gra
ciously " allowed him several weeks
which he spent in meditation, and,
possibly, in. prayer. Then he was
again haled before the bar of justice.
At this momentous point' in the
proceedings a lapse occurred. It
seems that the Judge forgot to ask
him again whether he was guiy or
not. It is difficult to understand how
the omission injured Mr. Walton. At
the w-orst it only deprived him of an
opportunity to say that he was guilty,
which opportunity he did not desire;
for clearly he had made up his mind
to defend himself, and this he was
permitted to do. By his conduct Wal
ton pleaded not guilty; his plea was
accepted and the trial proceeded on
that basis. He . was deprived of
nothin'g but the privilege, of confess--ing
his guilt, a privilege which he had
no intention of using. There is no
intimation that the trial was not per?
feqtly fair. The evidence was such as
the law demands for conviction, and
the judge's charge to the jury seems
to have been impregnably proper.
The prisoner's guilt was established
beyond all possible doubt; the jury
brought in a verdict of guilty on both
charges, and Walton was sentenced to
thirty years in the penitentiary. Of
this sentence he has served four years.
The Supreme Court now intervenes
and declares that the omission to ask
Walton a second time whether he was
guilty or not was fatal to the v&lidity
of the trial. The sentence is an
nulled and the whole must be begun
again from the beginning.
One exquisitely Humorous phase of
the subject is that the evidence taken
in the former trial has lost all its vir
tue and cannot be used again. Evi
dence is like wine. After the bottle
Is once opened it goes stale. The only
way to convict Walton now is to make
the witnesses say all over again what
they said before. The verbatim re
port of their former testimony has
lost all its veracity. This beautiful
provision for the protection of crime
is important to Walton, sln$e two of
the principal witnesses against him
have gone ' to parts unknown. Very
likely his lawyer waited for thi3 in
teresting contingency to occur before
he moved upon the fortress of the Su
preme Court. The grant of a new
trial before the hostile witnesses had
vanished might not have been so
much of a favor as it is now.
Students of jurisprudence as it is
practiced should note two or three
significant facts about the Walton re
versal. In the first place' nobody,
either in' court or elsewhere, enter
tains any doubt whatever that he is
guilty as charged. Secondly, his guilt
was adequately proved, as the law re
quires. Thirdly, Walton was deprived
of no right in the course of. his trial
which was of the slightest aidvantage
to him. The omission to ask him
whether he was guilty or not was the
omission of an empty ceremony. If
he had been asked the question and
had not answered, the law would
have ' presumed him innocent. It
made the same presumption when the
incantation was left out altogether.
Fourthly, although the jury in. the
former, trial held the testimony true,
it cannot be used in the new. trial.
Finally, a conviction now becomes al
most Impossible because the witnesses
have disappeared. Is not the farce
delirious? Were such a train of inci
dents presented on the stage, critics,
would say that it was wildly Improb
able. AVhat makes this blow ,at practical
justice more significant is the fact
that it is one of many almost precisely
alike. The Washington Post thinks
The Oregonlan must have- had a bad
digestion because" it animadverts upon
the love of some of our courts for
scholastic subtleties. But the belief
that they prefer ingenious technicali
ties to the substance of justice is no
nightmare arising from a disordered
stomach. . 'Would it were; but the evi
dence to the contrary is too abundant
and too big with, dangerous import to
society.
Although by his own statement
Coroner Finley knew that the girl
Gol'da Rowland died at the Radium
quackery, and although ' he had Dr..
Locke's report that she died from a
criminal operation, still he can. say
that he held no nquest because
"there could be no evidence secured
on which to base a reasonable belief
of convicting anybody." -What did
Coroner Finley do to get the evidence
or lay it before the proper officers?
Mr. Finley's account of that extraor
dinary death certificate fails to ex-
I plain it; nor is it clear to the ordinary
intellect how he can separate himself
into two distinct individuals as he
does, one being Coroner and the other
a mere undertaker with no public du
ties whate.ver, even when a patent
crime lies under his very eyes. TlrS
single item in these transactions
which Is above reproach is the con
duct of Dr. Locke. He appears to
have done his whole duty where duty
was unpleasant and perhaps danger
ous. ' If others had acted with his
promptitude and courage, justice
might -have reached the criminals who
have now escaped, perhaps forever.'
A Newburg, N. Y., dispatch an
nounces that in spite of the Winter
weather work on the new palace
which E. H. Harriman is building
near Arden, N. Y., is still in progress,
with a payroll of $19,000 per month.
The house is built in the form of an
old English castle, and will cost about
$4,000,000. It will be pleasing to the
people of Oregon to learn that the
vigorous swing of the big stick has
not deprived the railroad king of the
right to spend the money wrung from
the producers of Oregon and other
states in $4,000,000 palaces. There
is, o'f course, no money for opening
up the isolated regions of Oregon,
but the times will never get so hard
that the Harrimans and all .of their
kind will not have enough to gratify
their own selfish inclinations for
pleasure. If the recent upheaval has
disturbed the financial condition of
the men it was aimed to reach, it is.
not in evidence that success has been
achieved.
Old Mars oug-ht to feel fairly com
fortable over the outlook for the fu
ture. A London dispatch from Tan
gier announces that the French and
the Moors have been getting so close
together that 10,000 of -Othello's
countrymen were killed In a little sor
tie with the French a few days ago.
Russia has just dispatched 5000
troops to the Turko-Persian frontiv
in anticipation of trouble which may
make necessary a Russian bluff at
Turkey. The situation in India is in-.
creasing in gravity, and the anarchists
are stirring up matters throughout
Europe. These diversions, while the
mighty white squadron is, plowing its
way- through the Straits of Magellan
In anticipation of police dvfty in the
Pacific, are sufficient in their way to
cause some anxiety in the mind of the
dove of peace, as well as elsewhere in.
the camps where men would rather
have peace without being obliged to
fight for it.
The Japanese Diet, after a heated
debate. ha3 decided to increase the
taxes on sugar, sake, alcohol, beer and
kerosene. As the people are already
groaning under the weight of an enor
mous war debt, it is not surprising
to learn that this added burden was
not agreed to without a struggle. The
acting Minister of Finance, in explain
ing the measure, stated that the in
crease in taxation was absolutely nec
essary, and that he believed the peo
ple would be willing to pay it. This
action confirms previous reports that
the Nippon Empire, through .its ex
travagant subsidies and other wild
schemes , of industrial expansion, had
reached the limit of its credit abroad.
It now remains to be seen to what
lengths the patriotism and patience of
the people will, permit the leaders to
go. . .
The ancient measure providing for
the payment of claims of the Amer
ican sealers who had their property
seized in Behrlng Sea before the
American Government discovered
that such seizures were illegal is
again before the- Senate. Unlike some
of the claims which bob up at each
session, the chances of this sealing
claim seem to improve as the years
go by. . In view of the treatment
given British sealing claims for danT
ages' which were , inflicted by Ameri
can revenue cutters at the same time
the America seizures were made, it
is a disgrace, to this country 'that
American sealers should have been
deprived of their Just remuneration
for more than twenty years, and it
now seems probable that the. Govern
ment may right the wrong done.
One hundred hopgrowers have an
nounced their willingness to co-operate
with the Pacific Coast Hopgrow
ers' Union and cut down the acreage
of their yards 30 per cent. . This will,
of course, restrict the output, and,
other conditions remaining un-
changed, prices should improve. But
suppose that ; the oncoming wave of
prohibition sweeps over more than 30
per cent of the beer drinkers? Will
it then be necessary! still further to
reduce ' the acreage of hops, or will
some wise man discover a method of
converting, them, into a new kind of
breakfast food? The possibilities for
trouble in. the hop market and the
hop fields are unlimited, so lonr; as it
is impossible to determine where the
prohibition wave will establish its
high-water mark.
It Is ,one of the beauties of illus
trated journalism that the' portrait of
a coming theatrical celebrity may also
be employed when the subject re
ceives two weeks' notice.
One cannot help but admire Bourke
Cockran's ingenuity in using praise of
Roosevelt to boost the Bryan boom.
They who hold oratqry not as a lost
art may take comfort in the Congres
sional proceedings of Monday.
We see only one way out of. it:
Invoke the initiative on the crematory
site.
OM3 VIEW OF BRYAN'S CHANCES
He Moat Make V.nins In the Eant, or
a Revolutionize Middle Weat.
New York Sun.
While Mr. Bryan Is adamant In In
sisting upon a single term of the Presi
dency for any incumbeht, there is no
reason why he should not be a candidate-
as often as the Democratic party
can bo persuaded to nominate him
For his desire to make a third cam.
palgn he can cite the- Cleveland prece
dent. It is trun that Mr. Cleveland
was elected the first time, missed elec
tion the second time by loslns New
York State and swept the country the
third time. Mr. Bryan has sustained
two sweeping dffeats, but the buoy
ancy of 'his nature Is such that he
eoulrt stand a third defeat,' as he has
frankly announced, out of considera
tion for the Democratic party, whirh
loves a winner but seldom is lucky
enough to get one. .
To students of Presidential elec
tions since 1880 it seems clear enough
that a Democratic candidate can scarce,
ly hope to reach the White House un
less he carries both Eastern and West
ern States. Even with his re"markable
gains in the West In 1892, when he re
ceived electoral votes from Illinois,
Wisconsin, Michigan Ohlo and Califor
nia, as well as f rorrFlndiana, which he
had carried In 18S4, Mr. Cleveland's to
tal of 276 electoral votes would have
been reduced by the loss of New York,
New Jersey, Connecticut, Delaware,
Maryland and West Virginia to 207,
and the' electoral votes of these states
transferred to general Harrison would
have elected him. . In neither of his
campaigns did Mr. Bryan carry a sin
gle one of these six Eastern States; in
fact.' he lost all of them by large ma
Jorlties that could be Interpreted only
as determined repudiation of Mr. Bryan
and the principles he stood for. It is
most significant of the v.ant of faith
of Mr. Bryan's friends in him as the
Presidential candidate that they are
never heard to say that he would have
a flighting chance to carry one or more
of these Eastern States if he should
obtain the nomination again. With the
exception of Maryland, which Mr
Bryan lost in both of his campaigns,
they have continued to elect Republi
can Governors and Legislatures since
1S96.
To justify their opinion .that his can
didacy would not be entirely futile, Mr.
Bryan's friends must claim for him a
large number of Western States which
have been as regularly Republican
since 1896 as the Eastern States which
have always declared against htm. Al
lowing Mr. Bryan the solid South, In
cluding Kentucky, he would have 135
electoral votes; add Missouri, Oklaho
ma, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada,
Utah and Wyoming, the number would
ba 180; give him Indiana, Nebraska and
South Dakota, it' would rise to 207;
throw in Kansas and California, which
would increase his tally to 227 votes,
and he would still be short 15 of the
number required to elect, which will
be 242; transfer Michigan's 14 votes
to his column and he would still be
in the minority in the electoral col
lege. Thus it may be seen how utj
terly vain would Mr. Bryan's candi
dacy be unless he could convert the
East, which no intelligent observer be
lieves for a moment lie could do. If
the East rejected Mr. Bryan, there
would be no hope tor Hiim unless he
brought aliout a political revolution In
the great Middle West, of which there
is no sfgn at all.
It is to be noted that Mr. Bryan made
a very much worse showing in 1900 than
in 1896 In Western states which are al
lowed him, for the sake of exposition, In
the above calculation. In Indiana the
Republican plurality Increased from
18,181 to 26.470; Kansas changed from a
Bryan plurality of 12,269 to' a McKlnley
plurality of 23,354, and Nebraska from a
Bryan plurality of 13,576 to one for Mc
Klnley of 7822, while South' Dako.ta s;ave
McKlnley In 1900 a plurality ot 14.9S6 In
place of a Bryan advantage of 183 in 18;
in California the Republican plurality In
creased frbm 2797 to 39.770; and in Mis
souri the Democratic plurality fell from
58.727 to 37.830; Michigan gave McKlnley
56.868 in 1896 and 79.384 in 1900; Wyoming,
which had recorded a Bryan plurality- of
583 in -1896, gave McKlnley 4318 in 1900;
and Utah, which went for Mr. Bryan by
51,033 plurality in 1S96, turned Republican
by 2133 in 1900. In snort, Mr. Bryan was
a much weaker candidate In the West In
1900 than he was in 1896, and In both
campaigns he polled almost the entire
Populist vote.
.The Middle West today, outside of Min
nesota, where John A. Johnson is Gov
ernor, is Incorrigibly Republican. In
vain will the election statistics be
scanned for a vestige of evidence favor
able to the fortunes of Mr. Bryan as a
Democratic candidate. With the East
remaining the enemy's country and the
West unchanged, no candidacy more fu
tile than Mr. Bryan's could be conceived
by the student of contemporary, politics.
Dog and Alligator Close Friends.
Memphis Dispatch to the New York
Herald.
Jim,. an alligator, and Towser, a dog,
the property of C. C Merz, ot 178
South Front street, have formed a
friendship which is one of the most re
markable in animal -.life. They even
sleep together under the platform
where their master has his work
bench. - vh' .
The alligator, which is now six feet
long,, has been the property of Mr.
Merz ever since it was a baby, 17 years
ago. It is a pet and travels all over
the house.
He stops eating about the 1st of De
cember and fasts until June. During
this period he remains in a sluggish
condition Ills usual diet during his
"eating period" consists of raw beef,
Varied with an occasional rat.
In the Summer he is active and has
established a reputation as a pigeon
catcher. When - an. unwary pigeon
lights near Jim in the back yard, there
is a quick snap and the pigeon is
gone.
JndKe Telia Wife to Don Breeches.
Atlanta Dispatch in New York World.
"Mrs. Jackson," said Judge Broyles
recently, "you should certainly don the
breeches in your home. Let your hus
band wear the dresses. You are the
one who should rule." The case was
brought to court through the action of
the husband in ordering from his wife's
boarding.house Mtfs Ida Thompson, a
pretty young .woman, who went to
church on Sunday with a young man
who did not meet the approval of Mr.
Jackson. Mra. John Jackson objected
to the course of her husband, and he
slapped her face Then she picked up
a chair.
"I tried to kill him.", said the wife.
"I am quiet and peaceable so long as 1
am treated right, but when my anger
is aroused the very old Nick is In me."
Mrs. Jackson is the mother of 10 chil
dren. The Judge fined the husband.
Wealthy Man na Car Conductor.
Kalamazoo, Mich., Dispatch in New
York World
Superintendent Garrett, of the Kala
mazoo Street Railway has received an
application for a position as car con.
duiitor from A. S. Armstrong, of Mex-
'ico, Mo. The. men are old friends, and
Garrett says Armstrong owned an en
tire "downtown block in the Missouri
town and enough other real estatu to
make his fortune $200,000. Armstrong
gives no reason for seeking a $2.a-day
job except that he has sold his real
estate to his brother.
'ARB PARTIES A NECESSITY f
Primary Law Say They Are, bat State
ment No. 1 Says) Not.
Eugene Rcsrister.
The primary election law says polit
ical parties are a necessity, then State
ment No. 1 is injected declaring they
are not. But the primary law is right
In Its declaration that political parties
are a necessity, and being a necessity
they should be maintained, and in order
to be maintained. Republican Legisla
tors should vote for a Republican can
didate for Senator and Democrats for
a Democratic Senator. But to sifrn
Statement No. 1 is to deprive the Dem
ocrat or Republican of the privilege
of standing by his party, which the pri
mary law declares is necessary to do.
Some candidates and many'voters have
an idea that a legislative candidate
must sign Statement No. 1 In order to
conform to the law. This is a mis
take. Any candidate can make his own
statement and the statement every Re
publican candidate for the Legislature
should make, to be consistent with
himself and his party, should be to
the effect that he will support for
United States Senator the Republican
-lsen as such aX the June election.
Every Democratic legislative candidate
sjiould do likewise, then the United,
States Senator would be elected on the
first ballot from the two Sunatorial
candidates presented to them by a
popular vote of tho people.
That feature of the primary law
which gives the voters the right to
make . choice of Senatorial candidates
within their own party lines to he
voted on by the Legislature, is all right
and should be continued until such
time as, by Federal enactment we shall
hftve ' a constitutional amendment, vest
ing In the voters the solo authority in
naming direct the choice for United
States Senator. It eliminates political
bosses and admits free expresslnn of
the public will In the matter and event
ually, when the Federal amendment is
adopted, both the old parties will be
purged of bosses and scheming poli
ticians and party lines will be drawn
more closely in the Senatorial struggle
than they are today, for the Individual
voter will take pride in the power his
vote exercises just as he now exem
plifies that pride in eloctlon of Presi
dent of the United States, and there
fore clings more closely to his parti
sanship in a Presidential election than
in any -other party contest. But until
such time as this Federal change takes
place, the only way to prevent degen
eracy of both parties is for the legis
lative candidates in this state to stand
by -party principles which the primary
law declares .is necessary and utilize,
that principle In voting for United
States Senator.
PROTECTION FOR VANISHING EI.KS
Uerer for Hunted Anlmnla ' la Asked
by Oreeoo Audnbon Society.
PORTLAND.' Feb. 4.-(To the Editor.)
In last Sunday's Oregonlan I read kn
account of an "Exciting Elk Hunt in the
Nehalem Mountains." It described how
three men, aided by dogs, killed an en
tire family the bull, the cow, and the
calf. This was exciting from some points
of view, interesting from other stand
points, but I can't help saying it was full
of pathos to me.
I have no criticism to offer against the
hunter, when he keeps within the limits
of the law. The Oregon law permits the
killing of elk. . Our sister states know
well that the elk needs protection to
save It from extermination. It is a crime
to kill one of these animals in California
or Washington. Not so. in Oregon.
Some people even thought the last Legis
lature would give protection to the scat
tered remnants of this noble species.
It Is commonly known that elk are ex
ceedingly scarce In this state. Dr. T. S.
Palmer, of the Biological" Survey, has
been making an effort to locate the last
few bands that are now left In our moun
tains. A few were reported in tho Ne
halem country, but this number is evi
dently reduced. A band was reported
about the head waters of the Clackamas,
but some of them likely fell during our
last open season. ' Some were 'seen in the
Alsea country, but a number of skillful
hunters went after these. .
Our last few bands of elk are wild and
are making a stubborn fight in the wild
est mountain haunts where they have
been driven. But to every elk in the
State of Oregon, there are hundreds of
hunters equipped with. the best long-range"
rifles, and dogs well trained to do the
work.
I have no doubt we shall in the future
elect law-makers who will protect our
elk. As the years pass, sentiment crystal
lizes until we get results. Even It the
last wild elk has been shot, a few of his
weakened brothers may still find a lin
gering existence in' our park. The name
will always be perpetuated in the Benev
olent Protective Order of Elks. Our chil
dren can read historie.3 and visit the mu
seums to see the mounted specimens. But
even then, I suppose, some of us will
not be satisfied, but will turn from the
pictures, the statues, and the well
mounted specimens and go back into the
rugged mountainous parts and try to find
some pleasure tramping the trails the
elk have trod.
WILLIAM L. FINLEY.
President Oregon Audubon Society.
Snveu and Taken Home a Marooned Dos;
Philadelphia Inquirer.
Into the ice cold water of Cooper
Creek, Samuel Floyd, of Sixth and Leid
streets. Camden, N. J., plunged and
swam to the opposite bank, a distance
of 200 feet, to rescue a stranded dog
that was almost dead from starvation
and exposure. Floyd' is employed In
the Camden Iron Vv'orks, and while eat
ing his dinner he saw the dog ma
rooned on a small island. It aroused
his sympathy, and putting aside his
dinner pail, he removed his coat and
Jumped into the water, seized the dog,
swam back with him, gave him part
of his meal, and took him home when
he quit work.
Scbumann-HeinU'fi Sonn to Sing,
New Yox-k Times.
Madame Schumann. Hoink, the fa
mous contralto, says: I have a secret
for.yoxi. Two of my sons, Henry and
Hans, are at present studying in Chi
cago and both are going to have won
derful bass voices. Thoy will both be
sinjring in opera before I myself have
finished. Isn't it marvelous? I am so
happy about it. All. my life I have
worked hard, but at lust I have ar
rived at my goal. I have a home for
my' family and I am thoroughly hap
py. And I think that It has made my
voice deeper and more settled, the
knowledge that I myself am settled at
last."
A FEW SQVraS.
"Only a million. I got the Duke cheap."
"But you mus remember, dear, that it
isn't the first cost that counts." Louisville
Courier-Journal.
I always try to treat my maid as if she
.were a member of the family." "Gracious,
how do you fret her to put up with it?"
Chicago Record-Herald.
"Is your husband a-erse to taking the
initiative in ' any energetic action?" "Xo.
sir. he nln't not h in' o the kind. He's" jest
plain down lazy." Baltimore American.
.Passenger Boatman, hadn'-t we better
bail her, out? She's half full of water.
Irish boatman Och, niver mind, mt. Sure
she'll run over when she's quite full
Punch. "It's just an ordinary bolt, , vou sej,"
said the man. "You .ought to be able to
duplicate it for 25 cent or so." "Oh.
guess, bo." replied the machinist. It for
Mr, RicMey's motor car, you know," con
tinued the man. "Oh. er that bolt will
cost you $2.30" Philadelphia press.
"There have been times," said the actor
manager, "when I have alied, real tears."
"An. when you" have been in jrreat sympa
thy with the part you were playing," sug
gested 'the matinee girl. "No, when T .have
biid my own money in the show." replied,
the actor-manager, with a tinge of sad
remembrance In his tone. Philadelphia
Record.
BOOKS
BSBNT - MINDKDXESS larsely
rules the life of an eminent Berlin.
Germany. philosopher-author, so
much so that It is with difficulty his wife
can Induce him to attend to his meals
and even pay slight attention to his so
cial duties.. The professor can't bear any
social function that means separation
from his beloved h oks. Not so vrvy
long ago, his wife announced that theif
sliver wedding anniversary would occur
on a particular day. and suRsestPd that
a society tea be given in honor of the
occasion.-
"Excellent idea," said the professor,
and he graciously promised lo lend di
tinctlon to the event by attending in
person. The fateful evening came, and
the guests began to arrive, when it was
discovered that the lion of the occasion
wasn't there. The professor's wife etartcd
to search for him and discovered him in
the library, with the door locked.
"Hcinrlch." she called in a stage
whlftpcr, as sht vigorously rattled the
door, "come out. The people have ar
rived." "Johanna," answered a deep, bass
voice, "I am busy finishing such-and-such
a chapter of my new hook, and I don't
want to bo so oft,en lniprrupted. Tell
those people to come back when wo have
our golden wedding, and I Khali then try
to attend. Auf wledersehcn'."
Harper's Weekly has a great drawing
caul for the ensuing year when It an
nounces the serial publication in i'i
columns of a new novel by Robert
Hlchens, entitled "A Spirit In Prison."
After "The Garden of Allah." anything
that Mr. Hichens writes In fiction, is of
more than ordinary moment.
Some of the humor in Rndyard Kipling,
the novelist, must surely- be traced to his
maternal grandfather, Rev. G. B. Mac
Dnnnld. The story is told that as a young
man. Mr. MacDonald wooed and won tho
daughter of a strict Methodist. The latter
was a man of ice-cold propriety, and
looked on demonstrations of affection a3
acts of the devil. One evening, this ultra
moralist happened rather suddenly to
enter his family 'parlor, where young
MacDonald and his daughter were, and
was inexpressibly shocked to find ' that
the two young folks were occupying the
same chair!
"Mr. MacDonald," said the agitated
father, "when I courted my wife she
always sat at one side of the room, and
I at the other."
"Well," said the unabashed lover, with
outting sarcasm, "that's what I should
have done, if I had courted your wife."
Of the combination of Tutnam's
Monthly and The Reader, now under,
the management of the Bobbs-Merrill
Company, of Indianapolis, the Publishers'
W'eekiy says: It is announced from
Indianapolis that a reorganization has
been effected in connection with the
Bobbs-Merrill Company which will bring
$130,000 new capital into the business and
provide for its continunnce under the
same management. The amount involved
In ' the settlement is, approximately,
$750,000, and most of tho merchandiee .
creditors have acceded to the proposition
for settlement of 25 per cent tn cash
within '30 days and 25 per cent in one.
two and three-year notes, with interest.
It is understood1 that the hanks of In
dianapolis, which are Involved to the ex
tent of about $250,000, have also made
arrangements whih will Insure their con
tinuous support of the concern. The
tangible assets, exclusive of plates, are
understood to be approximately J'ioO.oOO,
leaving a deficit of $125,000 to be offset
by plates, copyright and- other Intangible
assets estimated as high as $300,000, and
by the new working capital. The busi
ness of the. firm especially in law books
and miscellaneous books, has shown a
profit approximating on the average $15,
000 a year for the past nine years."
Justin McCarthy in a Iyondon letter to
tho Independent tells of some remarkable
novels Just published there, the ohlof of
which he considers to be "The Dance of
Love," written by Dion Clayton Calthrop,
a grandson of Dion Bouclcault, the actor.
Quite a group of new books on econom
ics and sociology is promised before
long. In a measure, Professor A. Iaw
rence Ijowcll's "England" belongs to the
same mental class as Bryce's "The
American Commonwealth." Professor
Archibald Cary Coohdgc, of Harvard,
makes a critical study of the. interna
tional position of the United States in
"The United States as a 'World Power."
Putnam Weale has written with his ac
customed insight concerning "The Coming
Struggle in the East." Dr. liannis Taylor
has gathered the fruits of many years'
study into his book on "The Science of.
Jurisprudence." in sociological works,
the discussion of socialism Is naturally
prominent. H. G. Well's "New Worlds
for Old" and Robert Hunter's "The So
cialists at Work" are specifically devoted
to phases of this topic. Professor Ed
ward A. RifKS' "Social Psychology" opens
up a new field, while Professor Hutton
Webster's "Primitive Secret Societies" Is
a notable study In anthropology. John
Graham 'Brooks' "As Others Sec Us" is
primarily a critical work from a novel
point of view. Professor William Ben
nett Munro's "Tho Government ot Euro
pean Cities" is supplemented by Pro
fessor John A. Ualrlie s "Essays in Muni
cipal Administration." Practical con
siderations are to the fore in 1'rofet.snr
Charles Sumner Loblngler's "Popular
Participation in Law Making," and
Robert H. Fuller's "Government by the
People."
-
So, Jack Iondon has turned up, with a
new novel of 140,000 words. To tell the
truth, he arrived frr.m the South seas
sooner than expected.-
The title of Winston Churchill's new
novel, which Is to be published this
Spring, is "Mr. Crewe's Career."
' . .
Tlfe publishers of Miss Zona Gale's
"The Loves of Pcllcas and Etarre" have
Just sent the book to press for a new
edition. They report that Miss Gale's
book, which was published early " in the
Fall, is now selling better than at any
time before Christmas.
' Readers who remember the book culled
"An American Girl in London," and a
great many will reincmher it. for it was
one of the popular books of ten years
ago, will welcome the announcement that
Mrs. Everard Cotes has written another
story on a theme not altogether different,
"A Canadian Girl In London." The new
book is said, however, to differ not'only
as to plot, hut In' point of view, and to
contain In the form of a witty story.
Sir Gilbert Fc.rkor recommends a simple
method whereby one may possess tho
books one would like to possess. "I have
often said- to myself," ho remarked re
cently to a London audience, " 'I cannot
afford to buy that book." And then I
have said again, 'My dear fellow, if
you will fast for one day you can buy
thrpe of them.'- It is a book for a meal."
The Chicago Madrigal Club is offering a
prize of 50 for .an' original poem to bo
u.:ed In its musical competition uf 10w.
The conditions of the competition, which .
should Interest all poets, whether they
mean to try for the prize or not. may
be had by addressing D. A. Clippinger,
410 Kimball Hall, Chicago.