Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937, January 11, 1908, Image 8

Historic Oregon Newspapers

Morning Oregonian., January 11, 1908, Page 8, Image 8

Image provided by: University of Oregon Libraries; Eugene, OR

About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Jan. 11, 1908)

Prev Page of 16 Next Prev Issue Next Text PDF JP2 (3.9 MB) Clip/Print Image

Return to Top

Prev Page of 16 Next Prev Issue Next

Newspaper Page TextTHE ' MORNING OKKtiUXIAN. SATURDAY, JANUARY 11, 1909. 8 SUBSCRIPTION BATES. INVARIABLY IN ADVANCB. (By Mall. ) ' Dally, 6unday Included, on year .$8 00 Dally, Sunday Included, six months.... 4.25 . Dally, Suuday included, three months.. 2.25 Dally, Sunday Included, one month.... .75 Dally, without Sunday, one year 6.00 Dally, without Sunday, alx montha.... 8.23 rjallx- without Simrisv. three montha.. 1.75 Dally, without Sunday, nm month.... -60 Sunday, one year ..... 2-50 Weekly,, one year (Issued Thursday)... 1 "0 Sunday and weekly., one year... 8-50 BY CARRIES. Dally, Sunday Included, one year. I.... 900 Dally, Sunday Included, one month To HOW TO KKMlf Send poetottlce money order, express order or personal check on your local bank, stamps, coin 'or currency are at the sender's risk- Give poMofflce ad dress In lull, including county and state. POSTAUK BATES. Entered at Portland. Oregon. FostoftHce as Second-Class atatler. 10 to 14 Pases ....1 cent 16 to 28 Pages cents 80 to 44 Pages 8 cents to tto Pases 4 cent Foreign postage, double rates. IMPORTANT The postal laws are strict. Newspapers on which postage Is not fully prepaid are not. forwarded to destination. EASTERN BUSINESS OFFICE. " Tha H. C. tteckwkh Special Agency New York, rooms 48-SO Tribune building. Chi cago, rooms S10-012 Tribune building. KEPT ON S4.T.K.. Chicago Auditorium Annex; Postoftlca News Co.. 17b dearborn street. fct. I' sol, Minn. St. Marie. Commercial Station. Colorado Springs, Colo. Bell.. EL H. Denver Hamilton and Keddrlck. 00S-912 Seventeenth street: Pratt' Book Store. 1314 Fifteenth street; H. P. Hansen. 8. Rice, Geo. Carson. Kansas City, Mo. Rlcksecker Cigar Co.. Kkith and Walnut; Toma News Co. Minneapolis M. J. Cavanaugh. CO South Third. Cleveland, O. James Pushaw. 807 su perior street. Washington, D. C. injbltt House, Penn sylvania avenue. Philadelphia, Pa. Ryan's Theater Ticket Office; Penn News Co. New York City L Jones Co.. Astor House; Broadway Theater News stand; Arthur- Hotallng Wagons; Empire News Stand. Ogden D. . Boyle;- Low Bros, 114 Twenty-fifth street.- Omaha Barkalow Broa, Union Station; Uageath Stationery Co. Des Moines, la. Moss Jacoba Sacramento. CaJL Sacramento News, Co.. 430 K. street; Amos News Co. Bait Lake Moon Book ft Stationery Co t Roaenfeld Hansen; Q. W. Jewett, P. O. corner. , Los Angeles B. H. Amos, manager ten . street wagona Pasadena, Cot, Amos New Co. Ban Diego B. E. Amos. Long Beach, Call B. E. Amoa Han Jose. Cal. St. . James . Hotel News Stand. Dallas, . Tex.- Southwestern News Agent. 844 Main street; also two street wagona Amarillo, Tex. Tlmmons ft Pope. boo Francisco Foster ft Orear: Ferry News fitand; Hotel St. Francis News Stand; 1 Parent; N. Wheatley; Falrmount Hotel News Stand; Amoa Newa Co.; United News Agents. 14H Eddy street; B. E. Amos, man ager three wagona Oakland, Cal. W. H. Johnson, Fourteenth and Franklin streets; N. wheatley; Oakland News Stand; B. E. , Amos, manager nve wagons Goldfield, Nov. Louis Follln; C E. Hunter. Eureka, Cal. U-Chronlcle Agency) Eu reka News Co. . . PORTLAND, SATURDAY, JAN. 11. 1908. . OUR BANK CURRENCY PROBLEM. Probably by this time the 1 eople of the United States have been educated out of or beyond the notion that when there appears to be a scarcity -f money, or currency for business, the Government ought to set Its presses at work to print all . that ' everybody wants; or, if not that, to coin silver at a false ratio in relation to gold, so as to make nor.i,y "easy." These phases of the subject probably- we shall not have to deal with again. The . fiatlst no longer clamors for greenbacks ".equal to business re quirements," and Mr. Bryan has ceased to lament the crucifixion of mankind, under a crown of thorns, on cross of gold, Still, nevertheless, there is debate on the methods of providing "eraer-. gency currency." In other countries Ihls has been settled by expedients adapted' to their several situations, or conditions. None of them would quite Suit us,' yet each and all of them sup ply taggestlons w'.Jch we mlht will consider. We probably shall not do the best thing, but sh ll try to get on by patching up our present system, so as to "make it do." It is a demonstrate' truth that gov ernment cannjt supply an emergency currency that is, a currency that can be expanded and contracted to meet requirements at one season "or an other. Th-t can be effected only through banks. Government may ex pand the currency, but cannot con tract it. The Invariable rule of gov ernment paper Issues Is that one be gets another,- until the entire volume exceeds- the legitimate demands of business, upsets values, and goes, be yond the reach of restoration to the metallic standard. A government is not only not under restraint of law when tempted to pass 'he limits of safety In its paper issues, but there are no natural and automatic limits, fixed by the conditions of note issues, as In the case of banks. A paper currency therefore should be a bank ing currency; under strict control of law, yet not too much interfered with by government. There should always be close relation and connection be tween the volume of the currency and commercial movements. In England, France and Germany, this problem has obtained practical solution. Our' prob lem is to solve it here. This is the -problem now before Con--press. We cann&t adopt the system of any European country, because our. conditions are unlike those which ex ist there. No country can cut- up everything by the roots. Hence in changing our system we &rg forced to have regard to the system that now is. We want automatic regulation of cur rency, to meet 'emergent needs, at one time and another; but this cannot be effected through Government paper currency, because government Is not In the banking business. Yet govern ment should pre vide ways and means for regulation of the banking busi ness. A letter before us by Mr. S. B. Wlghtman, vehemently denounces the bill proposed by the House commit tee of banking and currencythe Fo-ivler bill. ' The objection is that "it gives absolute power to "the gang to Inflate or contract the purchasing power of the dollar at their will." it !s remarked further thct "every American citizen should do his kick ing now, before the milking machine Is fastened on the country." Tet Just what is wanted, and that which exists In .countrio that deal i.i an enlightened way with a note or credit currency, is a system that may expand or contract to meet emergen cies or demands. Government can not supply such currency directly, but may regulate its supply Us timely expansion and contraction through a banking system. It may be doubted, however, whether any such measure can now be enacted. We haven't yet intelligence enough that is, we haven't yet had hard rubs and haTd experience enough to "force, it on us. A new and great country like ours learns very slowly. It hates the les-. sons of experience, and it defies them, as long as it can. ' " But the laws of paper currency are invariable. More currency is needed at one time or season than anothery Government Issues are, however, . all for expansion, never for contraction. What they call an elastic currency can be had only under a regulated bank ing system. In all other commercial countries they have It. . Why not In ours? . " - It Is not probable that the Fowler b.ill, or any other bill closely resem bling It, will pass now. It would ef fect a change for which, however ex cellent it might be, our' people are not prepared. It would not, however, put it in the power of a "gang" to "inflate or contract the purchasing power- of the dollar, at their will." .For expan sion and contraction - would be held under fixed rules; made and enforced by the Government,, on economic principles established In practice and . cpn firmed by experience. Under such system, rightly conducted, there could be no general inflation or .ruinous con traction; for the whole banking sys tem could not fall under control of any clique, and eaten and every part of the country would be In a measure independent. If currency were want ed to move the cotton .crop of the South, It would be forthcoming in that quarter; if it were wanted for the wheat crop of the West, "there would be means of getting It there. Tet the tax on the currency would force Us reduction or retirement as rapidly as lts function had been performed. Thus the bank currency of each section of the country would flow back to its own source, and ' if not In use would be retired to escape the taxation. It. is universal experience that this balance of paper can be maintained only through banking currency. It never can be effected through government notes. This is the next lesson In mon etary science that is to be learned by the American people. '. It is not much to their credit .that they are at the foot of the class here, for the lesson has been learned everywhere- else. . FIVE DECISION. In the performance of its duty to the public The Oregonian has had oc casion of late to comment upon cer tain shortcomings of the courts.- It Is easy to understand how a thoughtful citizen here and there may have been' disquieted by these comments. Most of us have been reared in profound respect for the courts. We have been taught from earliest youth to look upon them as the ultimate refuse of the . oppressed, the inviolable asylums of justice, the Indefatigable defenders of life and property. Whenever, there fore, it is suggested that the courts have stepped awry in the performance of their exalted duties to society, ve are doubly troubled. For one thing, it is by,no means pleasant to read re proaches against an Institution which we have reverenced all our lives. We are shocked, almost horrified, like the devotees of a religious cult whin its sacred symbols are defaced. But it is still more disagreeable to reflect that possibly the reproaches are deserved. Society as it is now organized could not exist without courts. We could make shift to dispense with Congress and the State Legislatures. Lawmak ing Is a business- which may lapse for long periods without Injury to -anybody; and, when a new law becomes necessary, it can be enacted by cus tom if there Is no special machinery at hand. But the administration of justice between man and msrn is a so cial function which .cannot lapse with out ruin to the state and -which must be performed by judges or not at all. The community can make laws by silent, unconscious processes of agree ment; but masses of- men have never yet been able to apply the law to par ticular cases with even a semblance of justice. The part which the courts play in a civilized community is so vital that no citizen can escape injury when they do their work badly; and It then becomes the duty of every intelligent person to It . -n, if hecan, what the wrong is, to study Its causes and aid In correcting It. It will never be ad-, mitted Jn a democratic nation that the courts are too dignified,, sacred or im portant to be criticised. Their sa credhess and their measureless Im portance furnish the very reason why they should be criticised with unspar ing candor and sleepless vigilance'. It is diamonds that men set guards over, not clods. If the courts were of no consequence In society, who would care whether their decisions were wise or foolish? We must have - courts. Qur com mon happiness depends' upon their wisdom and integrity. . Hence , every body is frightened when judges lose touch with the realities of life and wander off into scholastic subtleties; for Justice is neither scholastic nor subtle. It Is a plain, every-day aJair, and it is reached, not by analyzing words, b"t by observing men and things. When judges begin to split hairs justice "takes, a trip to Utopia. When corruption taints the courts, be it never . so faulty, the whole civic body Is poisoned. Fife decisions have been made by our-higher courts within the last few days which qutrage the common sense of mankind. Two of them came from the Supreme Court of .the United States; of these two, one holds virtu ally that. the law does not forbid fraud Upon the Government; the other, that employers in. dangerous trades can compel workmen to bear all the risks. Two of the decisions came from the Supreme Court of Oregon.. Of these, one annuls the sentence - f a confessed murderer on a minute technicality of law; the other declares that a leather strap Is neither a whip nor anything like a whip. The fifth decision, made by. the California Court of 'Appeals, holds that It is lawful for the Mayor of a city- to extort money from restaurant-keepers by threats, and sets free the notorious grafter Schmitz. Is not this a beautiful record? Does It tend to . fortify our confidence in ,the courts? Does it assure us that they are busy doing Jus tice or suggest that they are doing something else? Touching the Sc-mltz decision. Judge Dunne, who Is not a rash, man either in speech or act, ac cuses the Court of Appeals of some thing very much like corruption. The members, - he says, have friends and relatives among the gang of grafters to- which Schmitz belongs. If they were honest men, would they have undertaken, to decide his appeal? The truth Is' that these Judges were put-in place by. the same power that created Schmitz. They are creatures of -t Herrin-Ruef-Calhoun synfllcate-.Thelr authority Is part of a -conspiracy against civilization in California. They were put. in office to protect thievery and they . fulfill their - obligation by giving immunity to thieves. PORTLAND'S FINANCIAL STRENGTH. The business of the Portland post office last year reached the enormous total of $.11,013,174, an average of more than $30,000 per day, including holidays and Sundays, for'.the entire year. This was a gain of 19.26 per cent over .the figures for ? the; year 1906, and Is only one of the many trade features which Indicate the sta bility and' steady growth of Portland even at a time when financial disturb- ances were .quite' general. - There was a' pause toward the close . of 1907 which had the effect of reducing the volume of general trade, thus affect ing the bank clearings, but the Inher ent strength of Portland is quite clear ly demonstrated by a comparison with other Pacific Coast cities. . The New York Commercial and Financial Chronicle In Its issue of January 4. printed an', elaborate review of the year's bank clearings throughout the United. States. In the Pacific division, embracing twelve cities, San FrancKSco, Los An geles, Seattle and Portland are in the lead, and, for the month of December as well as for the entire year,, Portland makes a .much hetter showing than any of the other leaders of the Pacific division. It was In - December that financial affairs reached ft crisis, and, compared with December, 1906, bank clearings for all cities of the United States showed a decline averaging 34.1 ier cent. . The Pacific division as a whole made 'a slightly better showing with a decline of 33.6 per. cent. Com pared with December, , 1906, Los Attr geles lost 46.7 per cent,. San Francisco 36.7 per cent, Seattle 27 per cent and Portland but 18.4 per cent. Ori the entire year's business an even "better showing was made, for, despite the decreases . at the' close of the year,. Portland showed up for the twelve months, with a gain of 24.5 per cent, compared with 0.5 per cent gain in Seattle and Los Angeles, 6.8 per cent gain In San' Francisco a gain of 8.3 per cent for the entire Pacific division and a loss of 9.5 per cent for the en tire United States, Portland was the first large city ln the United States to resume business on a cash basis after the recent finan cial storm began to clear away, and there has been a steady gain from the low point reached while . the trouble was at ltfi height. The satisfactory showing made in bank 1 clearings merely reflects the condition of gen eral trade, and in nearly all branches business 'is swinging into line again: Building permits for dwelling-houses, which fell away to zero while the trouble was on last honth, are again going on record, the. first seven days of the new year showing forty of these permits at more than $1000 each, the total . being $75,000. Meanwhile t; e grain trade -is holding iy to such pro portions that Torelgn and coastwise shipments have averaged $100,000 per day since-January 1, and promise to hold up to that average throughout the month. There Is less of a desire to rush matters than was In evidence one year ago, but there has been no shrinkage in real estate values, gen eral trade is'holding up well, ant!, as disclosed by the bank clearing figures, Portland still remains In better shape financially than any other city on the Pacific Coast.- ' A SIMPLE SOLUTION. The old, old problem-represented by an arrnji of men standing upon the street corners with the plea "No man hath hired us" upon their lips con fronts this city With daily augmenting volume and force. " That to .do with m n who do not know' what to do with themselves, or, .knowing, have failed to put this knowledge to timely use, is a perplexing question, especially at a season of the year in which fore handed people have their work well In hand and' have little that they can give to the idle man who, hungry and 111 clad, asks for work. The weather is .not favorable for work upon the streets or roads; it is too early to work the ground around or to plant gar dens and the grass on the lawns Is taking its annual' rest. As for prun ing trees', ornamental vines and rose bushes, it requires an expert hand, to do this' intelligently and satisfactorily. What then ? Since there is -not- work in the city for these large numbers of idle men to do, what of. the country? There is land to be cleared, wood to be chopped, fences to be built and work about dairies to be done.' Why not encourage these men to move on a bit not in gangs, or to the next city or town, but Individually and out into the country? The line of unemployed men besieging the Board of Charities at the City Hall grows longer, every day, we are told, yet it Is doubtful whether men with land to clear within a dozen miles' of Portland can get men to do the work required at any price which the owner can afford to pay. The men who comprise the large body of the unemployed 'are appar ently willing to work. That they are sorely In need of work is evident.. But are they willing to do the rough work that Is waiting to be done in subju gating land? To depend upon their own resources for entertainment when the day's work Is over? Are. they willing to exchange empty pockets, the lights, the comradeship and the cheap amusements of the city bar-rooms and streets for steady wort In the country, with its attends: t loneliness and qui etude and a few dollars over and above expenses In. the 'pocket, at the end of the week? If so, many of these men can solve the problem of. the unemployed for themselves, retain their self-respect and relieve others, as all ablebodled men should do, of their support. Uncle Sam, easy-going and indul gent in the main, is a relentless prose cutor when he sets out to compel de linquent officials to make restitution. Witness the persistence with which, through his prosecutors, he has fol lowed the trail -of Captain Oberlin M. Carter, whose gigantic frauds while engineer In charge of Port Royal har bor Imprtvements, were disclosed sev eral years ago. In conjunction with Greene and Gaynor, contractors for this work, Captain Carter separated the Government from funds aggregat ing $2,225,000. Fort Leavenworth, Kan., was the enforced residence qf the peculating engineer for several years. He was cheered during his inr prlsonment by ,he thought that his portion of the funds stolen, aggr-egat- tag $700,0001 had been secured;to his perpetual use and benefit through' in vestment In unregistered railroad bonds and other securities,' which had been . deposited in safety deposit vaults In various cities. But the Gov ernment prosecutor was keen and sa gacious, the power behin I him relent--less, and the securities have been traced and will' revert to the coffers whenoe the purchasing funds were stolen. The litigation will pro: -lly. cost Uncle S-.n all he will recover, but that is neither, here nor there. He will wrest the stolen funds' from the hands of the arch-conspirator and his predaceous accompi.ces,1 which was what .he set out t- do, after having thrown them all In prison. Wlthout entering into a discussion as to the merits of the railroad end of the Harriman merger, it can be stated truthfully that Attorney-General Bo naparte is In error when he assumes that the merger "has resulted in elim ination of all competition from Pacific Coast ports to the Orient." Ships of all nations gather in practically un limited numbers in the Far Bast, and, as the Pacific Coast is the nearest point at which cargo Is obtainable, there is an abundant supply of ton nage available for Pacific Coast ex porters at all times.y end at rates which are lower per ton per mile than on any sea route in the world except the North Atlantic. The lack of steamship competition on the Pacific exists only In the minds of that busy band of subsidy-seekers who, in sea son and out of season, distort facts in an endeavor to work up ship-subsidy sentiment. , Mr. Armstrong, of Colfax, takes the Washington State Grain Commission too seriously. To be sure. It has placed the grain standard so low that it gives those who know what It is 'the impression that Washington grows very poor wheat,' but the foreign buy ers pay no attention to any standard except that established by the Port land Chamber of Commerce. The Washington Commission and its standards are of no consequence to Anyone but those who pay the bills. It is nice, of course," f r the men who grow poor wheat to have the com mission, by placing the standard suf ficiently low, make No. 1 stuff out of it, but the obtuse foreign buyer will insist on buying on. weight and quality which are shown in the samples of Washington wheat forwarded to all parts of the world by the Portland Chamber ot Commerce. Mr. Morgan's International Mercan tile 'Marine Company has Inaugurated a rate war with the Cunard line be cause the owners of . the express steamers Mauretania and Lusitania decline to increase the second and third-class, rates, on their steamers.' Thus far but two. slices of $3.75 each have been taken from the rates, but, as passengers are scarce and steam ships plentiful, there will 'probably be further reductions. The Cunard' line has always refused to Join .with the other lines in the making of rates or schedules, and, as It now has the fast est steamers afloat. It would hardly seem an opportune time- for forcing it to change its policy. There is a peculiar political situa tion. Representative newspapers of the Democratic South deplore the, prospect of Bryan's nomination. Here is Editor Hemphill, of the Charleston News and Courier, saying that with Bryan as the candidate there will'. bra no possible chance of success. But not a few Republican newspapers f the North believe Bryan the' strongest candidate his party could name. Dif ference in the point of view accounts for these opposites. Observe, how ever, that no doubt is expressed that the South will vote for Bryan. Twenty-four divorce decrees were granted by the Circuit Court yester day morning, and at least half of the Interested parties are the better for the change. And yet these tragedies of life .have left behind" them a trail of sorrow and regret which may be softened by time . but will never be eliminated. John A. Roebllng has given away his magnificent estate at Asheville, N. C, and moved away because the town, voted for prohibition. "What's the use of being a millionaire," asks the New fork Commercial, "where you cannot buy a drink?" As well be a thirsty logger-or a common tramp. The burglar who gets into your house is no gentleman. He won't wait till you have a chance to look about and get your gun Police don't catch . the robbers. Same trouble. When the robbers start out for busi ness they don't "tip off the Job" to the police. . Portland wants Btreet-cleanlng, of course; and this' work may afford some employment for needy men. But It needs macadam improvement on hundreds of streets, East Side and West Side. To '.the rock is the prob lem. ' . - Payment of fine fare ought to' enti tle a passenger to one seat; yet a ma jority of people would rather stand inside a car and ride than stand on the sidewalk waiting for the next'ear. Having been judicially vindicated, ex-Mayor Schmitz is now at liberty to go before his constituency for like ac tion. In a city like San Francisco a fourth elective term is not -Impossible. There 'probably Is no way in this country to stop the sale of revolvers, or to take revolvers away from per sons who buy and carry them; but it ought to be done, just the same. When 'the "no-seat-ho-fare" idea gets into street railway franchises, it will be interesting to watch how many passengers on an open car pay just after a ball game lets out. Roosevelt united all sorts of Re publicans In Oregon; but who except Roosevelt can 'unite them again? The tendency now Is to 'divide on the old lines of 1896. . ' The Appellate- Court of San Fran risco simply wanted to help Schmitz out. If could . have found four rea sons more, just as good. as. the many It alleged. James Hamilton - Lewis says - he didn't say women "couldn't be be lieved on oath." H thinks now they can be. believed on oath. ACTIVITY OP JAPANESE SPIES. Mayor Last's Discovery Seta the Whole Country Agog. ' New York Evennig Post. 'New . York. Mayor McClellan - was astounded, while on ,his way to lunch, 1 to detect two Japanese in the act of taking snap-shots of Broadway. Brooklyn. It is now generally known here that agents of the Japanese govern ment have been making a map showing Just where all the B. R. T- trolley cars go something which no native has ever' been able to grasp before. Boston. It has' been discovered that a Japanese spy took stenographic notes of Secretary Taft's speech. As he was very near the platform, it. is believed that he heard some things which the newspaper men failed to catch. Detroit. The police- have been showing unusual activity for the last 48 hours as it has been discovered that Japanese spies have walked around the Great Lakes and made a careful outline map, showing that Huron flows into Erie and Erie into Ontario. The Japs have made the St. Clair River and Niagara Falls about twice their proper slse', thus al lowing the water to get through more easily. Chicago. A mysterious Japanese, be lieved to be a spy, has been- arrested west . of the city on the Des Plaines River, for sketching a sunset. The. sketch was superior to. anything Chicago-born artists have, done and showed the sewage- canal, as well as all the principal colors used in sunsets around Chicago. Denver. A sensation- was caused - today by the announcement that a -party if three Japa'nese had been caught red handed looking at the top of Pike's Peak. They were warned, and, if caught again, will be conducted to the state line. - Tucson, Ariz. This section of the coun try is wrought up to a nigh pitch f ex citement over the discovery that two Japanese have been -making' minute In vestigations of the Gfrand Canon of the Colorado, evidently with a view to de termining whether a Japanese fleet could b8 sent up the river. PAST PRESIDENTIAL NOMINATIONS Some Candidates Found Nomination to . Reaemble the Irishman's Flea. . Leslie's Weekly. " Secretary Taf t and 'Mr. Bryan Lave been attacking and answering each other re cently on the assumption that they would be the leaders of their respective parties in the campaign of 1S0S. A year in ad vance of 1840, however, Clay. was more confident of getting the Presidency in that year than either of the present leading aspirants are of carrying off the prizes in the approaching conventions. But William Henry Harrison and not Clay waa nominated. . The country believed with Van Buren that he would be tue nominee of the Democratic Convention in 1840, yet a comparatively obscure man. Polk, was selected. After his defeat at the polls by a scratch in 1844 Clay be lieved he would - be given another chance in 1848, but the Mexican War obtruded it self and created a rival man of destiny, Zachary Taylor, and Clay was beaten in the convention. A year before the convention of 1860 Seward and Douglas were singling out each other for attack as Taft and ryan have been recently, and for the same rea son. Each of those two aspirants of nearly half, a century ago was assailed by the opposite party far more vigorously than Taft or Bryan is now, under the be lief that they would be-the persons who would have to be fought at the polls. Lincoln beat Seward in the convention and Douglas failed to get the nomination of a united party,, the South' repudiating him and putting-. up a candidate of its own. Breckenridge... Blaln'e was confident just before the convention of 1876, and Grant's friends were equally sanguine about their favor ite in 1SS0, but in each case the conven tion chose somebody else Hayes in 1876 and Garfield in 1880. After Blaine's with drawal froin the race early in 1888 Sher man thought that the prize was his, Just as Bland believed at the opening of the Democratic Convention in 189$, that th dominant silver Issue would make him the Candidate, yet Harrison carried off the prize in the convention in the former year and Bryan in the latter. Stock on the political exchange' sometimes has as swift mutations as anything on Wall street's list. A Fence Post, Not a Whip; Therefore . No Crime. Heppner Times. . Sheriff Shutt, who Is making war on horsebeaters In this county, learned last Monday -that John Carter,, a Monument freighter, who is. hauling wheat Tor the Eight Mile farmers, -had taken a fence post,' nearly beat one of his horses to death, punching the horses eyes out hi his rage. The Sheriff immediately in structed his deputy at lone, W. C. Cason, to arrest Carter and take him before Jus tice Perkins, which was done and Carter was fined $50 and costs, amounting to ISO in all. Boy's Patriotic Art Wins President. Worcester (Ma'ss.) Dispatch in N. Y. World.. Jacob Krlesfeld, a 14-year-old sartist. spent weeks on a patriotic calendar for the White House. A" large American eagle with the name of President Roose velt on a scroll in its beak is the prin cipal design. It is done in good taste. He has received a- letter from the Presir dent thanking him and congratulating him on his artistic work. As an incen tive to' take iv art. as a. study. President Roosevelt sent him a new $10 bill. . Changed His Mind. " Chicago News. "Well, what are you doing there?' asked the lady, addressing a tramp who had Just climbed a tree in time to escape a savage bulldog. "Madam," replied the hobo, "it was my intention to ask for a hand-out, but in the interest of humanity I now request that you give any surplus food you may have on hand to ray canine friend down there. An Interesting Calculation. 1 - Louisville Courier-Journal. According to Frederick J. Haskin, a ton of coal gives off 65,000 pounds of carbonic gas, and the consumption of coal In America makes three trillion pounds of. such gas in a year. . The human mind cannot comprehend that amount of- gas except by trying to imagine Mr. Davis, of Arkansas, fight ing 365 one-day rounds with Mammon. Something Doing. Marshfield News. ' About 40 dog fights In the same number of minutes were reported on Front street yesterday forenoon. Bird dogs, shepherd dogs, bulldogs, household pets and curs of high and low degree were mixea up, ana something was ooing ail me time. . . Rogue In Office. Washington Herald.' Jail 'em And' ball 'em And Jail 'em once more; Queer' 'era - And Jeer 'em Fight 'em Aira yell for their pn. . Fight "em lndlot 'em. Pile fine upon free; Chase 'em. Disgrace 'em, ' " Tbey' never resign. Boast 'em And post 'em , Aloft and alow; Soak 'em And poke 'em ' "Wherever they go. Rile em " Tbey whimper and whine; But' never Will ever ' rascal reslgni A MIGHTY OUTPUT. Mrtnls and Mineral of the United States. New York Sun. ' The value of the yearly output of metals and minerals in the United States has been multiplied by ten during the last generation. The record stands: isto $2is.508.!f4il!no tl.inT.010.352 1SHO 3Kt.938.2Wim . ... 1.623.8T7,ia 1890 .- 6oo,47,3SO;l07 2,10i,000,000 Estimated. During this, time our gold output has about doubled; our silver output some what more than doubled; our coal, meas ured in tons, has been multlpled by fif teen; our petroleum output, in gallons, is nearly tfiirty times what it was In 1S70; our production of pig iron has Increased from 1,700.000 tons in 1870 to about 26,000,- 000 tons at the present time, and our cop per output has grown from the paltry 12,600 tons of 1S70 to about 350,000 tons last year. Owing to the closing down of mines during the year the output of copper was about one-sixth less than it was In tne year 1906. This 2, 000,000,000 extraction ' includes stones used for a variety of purposes; clay used for bricks, tiles, piping and pottery; - lime, cement, slate, phosphate rock, salt, and sand for building and other purposes. These represent a value of several hundred millions of dollars. It includes natural gas of a value of some J40.O00.00O, and a long list of metallic and non-metallic substances having commer cial use and value. Some of these mate rials are merely changed to other than their original form and others are con sumed. Whether measured In billions ot dollars or in millions of tons, they repre sent a heap of stuff. No record of our total national wealth was made until 1S50. The total valuation of real and personal preperty in the United States at that time was a little more than 17,000,000,000. From such figures as are reported for the year 1800 it Is a fair . guess that we now dig out of the earth every year materials p whoso total value is equal to the entire wealth ot the country a hundred years ago. - '. ' We are undoubtedly drawing heavily ori our natural resources, but there will still be something left one or two hun dred years hence. DIRIGIBLE BALLOON IN WAR. Ia Destined to Play an Important Part, Says Lieut. I.a b m. Washington. Lieut. F. P. Lahm. IT. S. A., whb. In September of 1906, won for the United States the International dirigible balloon contest In France and who has returned to this country after four years spent in Europe, will report to Gen. Allen, Chief of the Signal Corps, for duty at Washington. Discussing aerial navigation and the progress mad,e in it as an applied science, Lieut. Lahm says the dirigible balloon as an instrument of warfare is destined to play an Important part in future operations on land and sea. "The chief war advantage of the diri gible or wind-Opposing balloon over the old spherical, or wind-driven tai lpon," ha. said, "is that the fbrmer after spying out an enemy's defenses and movements can put about and return to its "own lines with the Information gained, while the old style vehicle of the air had to depend on carrier pigeons, or make a more or less peril ous and uncertain descent and resort to ordinary means, to send back reports. "An agreement entered into by The Hague Conference prohibits the dropping of shells from war balloons, so the field of operation is that of the scout purely. .At the- same time The Hague conference failed to protect the aerial spy from land attack. However, the extreme difficulty of finding the range of a balloon sailing over an enemy's guns reduces the danger. in a great degree, for the dirigible Daiioon is practically immune from big gun fire, and a rifile ball would be of no consequence to the object itself though It might be to occupants of the car." Radium for the Philippines. Washingten Dispatch in New York Trlbr une. The Bureau of Insular Affairs haa Just paid the largest price ior the smallest shipment ever sent to the Philippines.. It has bought for $3000 one-thousandth of a gram of radium,, which is equal to .01543 of a grain, troy weight. The purcnase is for the Bureau of Science of the Philtp- -nlnes. which purposes to use the radium in a series of experiments it is about to conduct. i .When the requisition reached the Bu reau the acting chief called for quotations on radium by the pound or ounce, but tne New York purveyors disregarded the specifications: and quoted a price -of $3000 for the quantity above noted. Major Mclntyre sent the quotation by wire to Manila, but with little expectation that the offer would be accepted. How ever, he received a reply a few hours later saying, in effect, that the Bureau of Science would like J3000 worth, but would regard the price as too high if any extra charge 'was made' for boxing or shipping. Accordingly, the' radium goes forward.- Rah for Brynn and Bryan! Providence Journal. Again it is announced, that the South will make no effort to have a' Southern man named for the Presidency at the Denver convention. But what is the matter with this combination? For President. William J- Bryan of Ne braska; for Vice President, William J. Bryan of Florida. From a University Town Paper. Eugene 'Guard. There is one consolation in the theory of Professor Dodd, of Amherst College, that the wise men of Mars will soon be teach ing us by wirBess messages-they can't try to teach us more fool things than our college professors now do. Gargets and Graft. Chicago Tribune. One of the latest stories is that New York City stands on a vast bed of gar nets. Investigators doubtless would have to dig through several layers of graft to get at them. What Becomes of ItT . New York Evening' Mail. What becomes of;the money people save by 1. Not smoking? 2. Shaving themselves? 3. Teetotallne? To the Bat, Not on It. Milwaukee Sentinel. . "Prohibition goes to bat in the South in two weeks more," says the Detroit Newa Yes, and the pitcher will, be doing busi ness, we suppose. FOREIGN GOITt PRODUCTION, Beloch. the mining expert, says the Jo-mannesbtrrg- gold reef io good for at least 115.000,000,000. The Welcome Stranger, an Australian nug get ftf pure gold, weighed 2516 ounces and brought $51,000. . A South African prospector foun4 that part of bis claim was under an old Dutch church. He drove bis peg under the, altar. Mount Morgan. New Soo'th Wales, Is a verltabls mountain of gold. It has produced 2,471,303 ounces of gold, worth S20 an ounce. Ths stamps at Kalgurll's Golden Mill, New South Wales, have produced gold valued at . 000.000. It costs J25 to haul a cord of sage brush, tbe miserable fuel used at the batteries. Africa produces more than one-third of the world's, fenld. Its annual output in S150. 000,000: the United States gives out tffc'MioO, 000. Australia $8&,000.000 and New Zealand 10.000,000. The gold mine owners In South Africa have In three years spent over gl .000,000 recruiting laborers from Central Africa. They only got 17,000 negroes, and few of th-.ni could stand the Winter. Then 67,000 Chinese weTS brouabi. aborting the labor troubles. THCHOUSCJiOLD sffe. ifitm BY LILIAN TINGLE. I T wa a delicious concoction, served I In- soup plates; but for the eating of it both fo-k and spoon were pro vided, in a most unorthodox manner. A glance at the faces of the guests showed that it was something unfa miliar, to practically all of them, but that it met with general approval. Knowing our Hostess and her literary preferences. I made a silent guess at the identity of the dish before us a correct one as it proved; for prosently her - cousin announced: "Mary, be fore I leave this house I intend -by fair means or foul to obtain the name-and recipe of this remarkable luncheon dish of yours; so you had better tell, lest a worse thing befall you." Mary laughed and began elowly: "A street there is - in Paris fa mous -" and half a dozen voices ex claimed "Bouillabaisse." "Thackeray's Bouillabaisse !" "Is It just like the real thing?" "Where did you learn to make it?" Mary's face had exactly the expres sion seen on that of her small son when he has Just finished some inter esting piece of mischief and is ma'king up his mind to tell you about it. "The . recipe?" she said, "I don't know any; and I haven't the least' idea whether this is like the real -thing or not. I Just took the second verse of the bal lad, and some common sense and In spiration, and substituted herring and halibut for 'roach and dace' and that is all I shall tell you," and she recited: This bouillabaisse a noble dish is A sort of soup, or. broth, or brew, Or hotch-potch ot ail sens of fishes That Greenwich never could outdo. Green. herbs, red peppers, mussels, saffron. Solos, onions, garlic, roach and dace. All these you eat at Terre'a tavern In that ona dish of Bouillabaisse. Some of us are Btill trying to sum mon up courage to imitate her success, but we are not quite sure of the nec essary amounts of "Inspiration and com mon sense." It is .a pity. that Thackeray was not a little more definite as to thesa ingredients in his Bouillabaisse. Did you ever begin to make a coUection of rhynilng recipes? Of course, every one knows the famous one, by. Sidney Smith, beginning: . - Two large- potatoes passed through, kltchea sieve. Softness and smoothness to ths salad give, And ending: Serenely full the. pi curs may say. Fata cannot harm me I have dined today, s s The following recipe for "L'eau de la vie" belongs to the same period, and was sent to a lady who did not belong to the W. C. T. U. or any similar or ganization: Grown old ana grown stupid yon think ma Just fit To transcribe from my grandmother's book a receipt And comfort it Is to a wlgbt ia distress To bs still of some uswe could scarce be of less-. Hera greater his talents, fair Aane might com- mand . Hla bead of mora worth than his heart or his hand. . . Tour mandate obeying, ha sends with much glee The genuine receipt to make l'Bau de la Vie. So much for politeness I omit some of the compliments for lack of space, but no doubt "Anne" enjoyed them. Now to business: Take seven larga orangea, para- them as thin As a wafer, or, what is much thinner, your skin ; Six ounces of sugar next take: bear In mind ' That the sugar be of the best double refined. Clear the sugar in ' near half a pint of-spring-water In the neat silver aaucepan you bought for your daughter. (Did daughters bav chafing 'dishes In those days?) The fourth of' a pint you must fully allow Of new milk mads as warm as it comes from ths cow. Put the rinds of he lemons (?), the milk, and the- syrup . In a Jar with thai rum, and gl-va them a stir up, s A full quart ot old rum XYenah brandy is better. But w ne'er In receipts shouM stick close - to tha letter And then to your taste you may add soma . perfume, Goa-stone, or whatever you Ilka In it room. Let It stand thus tan days; but remember to shake It And tbe closer you atop It the richer you make It. Then filter through paper; 'twill sparkle and rise. Be as soft as your Hps and as bright as your eves, . s s Here is a more modern-Inspired recipe for clam soup written, I believe, by W. A. Croffut: First catch your clam along the abbing edges Of saline coves you'll find tha precious - wedges, With backs up. lurking tn the sandy bottom; Pull- in your iron rake, and lo! you've got 'em. Take 30 large ones; put a basin under, And cleave with knlle the stony', jaws asunder. Add water (three quarts) to the native liquor, Bring to a boil (and by the way, tha quicker It 'bolls- the better, if you'd do It cutely). Now add the clams, chopped up and minced minutely. Allow a longer boil of Just three minutes. And while it bubbles quickly stir within Its Tumultuous depths where still the mollusks mutter Four tablespoons of flour and four of butter, A pint of milk, some petpper to your notion: And clams need salting, although born of ocean. Remove from Are ,lf much boiled they will suffer. You'll find that India rubber isn't tougher): After 'tis off, add three fresh eggs well beaten. tflr once more, and it's ready to be eaten. Fruit-of tha wave! Oh, dainty and delicious! Food for ths godst Ambrosia for Apiclus Worthy to thrill the soul of sea-born Venus Or titillate tbe palate of Silenus. . The warning about overcooking calls to mind the story of the new mistress whoso now maid asked her bow long "they" liked their egss boiled. "It doesn't mat ter much. Maggie," she said, "so long as they are thoroughly cooked; but be sure to give them a good, long boiling, because we like them done until quite soft and tender." I have long cherished in an old scrap book some "kitchen couplets" which. I recently learned, were written by the lata Samuel Ward, of New York, though I had always believed them to be of Eng lish origin. The first quoted couplet should be engraved on the handle of every frying pan and in the heart of every cook: Broil lightly your beefsteak to fry It Argues contempt of Christian diet. a To roast Spring' chicken is to spoil m Just spilt 'em down the back and broil 'em. The cook deserves a hearty cuffing Who serves roast fowl with tasteless stuf fing. . It gives true epicures the vapors To sea boiled mutton minus capers. Always have lobster sauce with salmon. And put mint sauce, your roasted lamb on. Roast pork, -sans apple sauce, past doubt, Ia "Hamlet" with the Prince left out Egg sauce few make It right, alasl Is good with blueflsh or with bass. But one might rhyme for weeks th-is waj And still have lets of things to say. And so Til close, for reader mine. This Is about the hour I dine.