Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937, January 08, 1908, Image 8

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Morning Oregonian., January 08, 1908, Page 8, Image 8

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Newspaper Page Text8 THK OREGOXIAX. WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 8, 1908. SUBSCRIPTION BATE& INVARIABLY IN ADVANCE. (By atoll.) " Dally, Sunday included, one Tea' $5 00 I-ally. Sunday included. six months.... 4.23 L'ulJy, Sunday included, three month. 2.25 Iluily, Sunday Included, one month.... .75 llatly, "without Sunday, one year........ 6-00 lally, without Eunday. six months.... 3 25 Dally, without Sunday, three months.. 1.T5 Dally, without Sunday, one month 00 Sunday, one year. ......... j 960 Weekly, one year (Issued Thursday)... I SO Gunday and weekly, one year H.50 BY CARK1EK. nally. Sunday Included, one year BO Dally, Sunday Included, one month ?o HOW TO KKMIT Send postottlco money order, express order or personal check on your local bank, stamps, coin or currency are at the sender's risk. Give postofflce ad dress in full. Including- county and state. POST AG K BATES. Entered at Portland. Oregon, Postofflcs as Second-Class Matter. 10 to It Pages. . - 1 cent . . . . .. . O ..nil SO to 44 pageau 8 cents ' ta to so Page- " - cenl Foreign postage, double rates. IMPORTANT The postal laws are strict newspapers .on wnicn postage im uv. prepaid are not forwarded to destination. EASTERN BISINKSS OFFICE. The 8. C. Beck wild Special Agency New York, rooms 48-60 Tribune building. Chi cago, rooms 010-5X2 Tribune buUulng. hi.IT 0.1SALE. Chicago Auditorium Annex; Postofflce News Co.. 178 eaj"born street. 6t Paul, Minn. N. St. Marie, Commercial Station. Colorado Springs, Colo. Bell. H. H. Itenver Hamilton and Kendrlck. B06-91Z Seventeenth street; Pratt Book Store, 1214 Fifteenth street; H. P. Hansen. 8. Rice, Geo. Carson. , Kansas City. Mo. Rlcksecker Cigar Co., Klnth and 'Walnut; Toms News Co. Minneapolis M. J. Cavanaugb, 60 Booth Third. leveland, C-samea Pushaw. SOT Su perior street. ' Washington, D. O. Ebbltt House, Penn sylvania avenue. Philadelphia, l'a. Ryan's Theater Ttoket Office; Penn News Co. New York City Jones & Co.. Astor House; Broad-way Theater News stand; Ar thur Hotallng Wagons; Empire News Stand. Ofcdt-n D. L. Boyle; Lowe Broa, 114 Twenty-fifth street. Dmslu Barkalow Bros., Union Btatlon; Mageath stationery Co. Ies Moinee, la. Mos Jacobs. ' hacramento, Cal. Sacramento Newt Co., 430 K street; Amos News Co tialt Lake Moon Book A Stationery Co.; Rosenfeld a hiansen; G. W. Jewett. P. O. corner. - '. . Los Angeles B. B. Amos, manager ten street wagons. rasndenn, t'aL Amos News Co. ban Iliego B. E. Amos. ' Long Ueacb, Cal. B. E. Amos tnn Jose, Col. St. James Hotel News Stand. Dallas, Tex. Southwestern News Agent. 844 Main street; also two street wagons. Amarlllo. Tex. Tlmmons Jk Pope. Ban Francisco Foster & Orear: Ferry News Stand; Hotel St. Francis News Stand; Li. Parent; N. Wheatley; Falrmount Hotel News Stand; Amos News Co.; United News Atrents, 14 hi Eddy street; B. E. Amos, man ager three wayons. Oaklund, Cal. W. H. Johnson, Fourteenth and Franklin streets; N. Wheatley; Oakland News staud; B. E. Amos, manager nve wagons , (ioldrlcld. Not. Louie Follln; C B. Bunlur Knreka. Cal. Call-Chronicle Agency; En tka News Co. PORTLAMJ. WKDXE8DAY. JAN. 8, 1908. - OCR MAJESTIC RULERS. Two venerable bodies that occupy certain conspicuous places In our Uovernrrlent the Senate and the Su preme Court have great dislike' of Innovations, and naturally also ol thoso persons whs attempt them. Never mind abuses. "What was good enough for our fathers remains good enough for us. To propose to correct or abute an abuse, or even a custom, which has existed from antique time is to attack the Constitution Itself. President Roosevelt Is extremely ob noxious to the ancient sensibilities of the Senate and of the Supreme Court. Hence the gray-beards of those bodies rebuke him ' henever they can! They may make him President for another term. The Senate and the Supreme Court have always been the defenders of the old order. Consequently they are obstacles, invariably, to the removal of henry abuses that grow up under our Government, as under all others, in course of time. Customs,' institu tions, u.es and abuses, claims of prop erty and wealth and usages of busi ness, insisting on freedom from con trol of law, find their strongholds in the Senate and in the Supreme Court. Methods of the' early time, which, with the new and vast developments of our industrial and commercial life, have grown into enormous abuses and oppressions, are now defended as vested rights. Through the Senate and the Supreme Court our Govern ment, since the vast growth of wealth, has taken on an aristocratic and plutocratic character. The plain peo ple and tho common people find the Senate and the Supreme Court stand ing ns barriers against changes and reforms. Yet there is nothing new about this. It has been so from an early day. Monuments of these ob structions arc planted along the whole highway of our. National progress. Tho Dartmouth College case, which long was supposed to have established a theory of vested rigit.s forever, was one; the Dred Scott case was an other; others still were found in the difficulty- of forcing the Senate to give up the defense of slavery and the support of the silver fallacy. Again, the Supreme Court became the citadel of the greenback delusion, and now it takes its stand against the jvstice of the effort to enforce a , asonable re sponsibility on employers for the pro tection and safety of the working people of the country. The old patricians and aristocrats of the Sen ate hate Roosevelt, as the old slave holders and their apo'.oglsts hated Lincoln. And the Supreme Court of today is anchored, as firmly in its devo tion to wealth and to the interests of the wealthy classes as It was in the days when all Its authority was de voted to support of slavery and to the doctrine that the negro had no rights that the white man was bound to respect. Whether, In the long run, we shall still have a Senate and a Supreme Court will depend. These branches of the Government are now the rulers of the people, and l-oog-nize little or no responsibility to them. President Roosevelt has repeatedly urged a reasonable law for enforce ment of liability of employers for ac cidents to men in- their employment. The movements of modern Industrial life have become so complex and bo vast that no man employed in these great services can take care alto gether of himself. His life depends at every movement on the vigilance jjnd fidelity of others. In his mes- sagea to Congress President Roosevelt has repeatedly presented this situa tion, lie has urged that the Govern ment, in all its own work, should pro vide limited but definite compensa tion to all workmen, within the scope of Federal power; and he has be lieved that the constitutional power of Congress io regulate jtomouroi should be employed also for enforce ment of reasonable measures of pro tection against accidents to such as may be engaged in these duties or services, and for reasonable compen sation for accidents therein. A weak law to .this effect now stands on the statute book; and the President in his latest message pointed out its inade quacy and urged thut in justice , to employes the law should be strength ened and made more effective. He cited the practice or usage in other countries In this class of cases; and said that "our practice of putting the entire burden of loss of limb or life upon the victim or the victim's family was a form 'of social Injustice in which the. United States stands in unenviable prominence." But the Supreme Court now steps In to declare that this mode of pro tection to life and limb, and compen sation for loss of the same, is not within the right of Congress under the constitutional power given. It to regulate' commerce among the states. Congress may indeed regulate com merce between the states, but not the relations between master and servant engaged in such commerce. ' The Sen ate, , of course, will agree with this. but the people of the United States will not; nor will the House of Repre sentatives, which does not feel Itself so far beyond the reach of the people to ignore or defy them. But it Was only a bare majority of the Sirpreme Court that thus laid down the law to the people of the United States. Of nine Justices four dissented. More will dissent, after a while; and the common sense and necessary doctrine that specific grant of a power carries ' with it the right and the ppwer to do everything neces sary to render it effective, will be enforced here'in also. This is an iniquitous decision, as Iniquitous as that In the Dred Scott case, and will have as profound an effect on the country. First, the peo ple will resent anew this assumption of the Supreme Court that it is the absolute ruler of the country, above their power. Second, they will insist on justice for working people in em ployments necessarily dangerous, yet employments that are indispensable to the commerce, industry and wel fare of the country. - If anything could 'create a universal demand for Roosevelt for another term It is the attitude of the Senate and of the Supreme Court towards measures that he has urged for the welfare of the .industrial workers of the country against the pretensions and assump tions of corporate wealth and power. Every old institution, that feels no re sponsibility to the people, is a sup porter of every old. abuso. It is uni versal history; verified again and again In our own history by the Sen ate and Supreme Court of the United States. a gratifying report. Patrons of the State University, and, indeed, the citizens of Oregon generally, will read with satisfaction the report of Dr. J. TV'., Harris, health officer of Eugene, covering .the year 1907. It is shown that there were relatively few cases of contagious dis eases in the locality covered during the year, while the death rate was but 5.03 to 1000 population. The presence and menace of ty phoid fever have hung heavily over Eugene for-several years, owing to 'a contaminated water supply. . Two years ago the disease was epidemic and many deaths resulted from It. This conditions of afairs bore heavily upon the attendance at the State Uni versity and caused the sorely beset faculty much concern. Together with leading citizens, however, the faculty faced the situation boldly. Students were advised and even enjoined to drink only the boiled water that was provided for their use and an earnest effort was made to purify the water supply in the reservoirs and mains. The result is shown in the constantly lessening number of cases of typhoid in Eugene during the past eighteen months and finally in the report of the health officer, which records but nine cases during the year covered. This, to be sure, is nine too many, and shows that typhoid germs still haunt the water supply presumably that taken from wellB, of which there is still a number in use in the city. But it shows a marked advance over the conditions two or three years ago, when there was a typhoid patient in almost every house In the principal residence streets. RAILROATJ DELINQUENCY. The report of the Interstate Com merce Commission, transmitted to Congress Monday, is an Interesting document, but it throws no light on and offers no encouragement con cerning two features which are of vital interest to the Pacific North west. The advance in freight rates is one "which the Commission is wholly without power to prevent" under ex isting statutes, and the other is in adequate facilities for handling the business of the country. While mak ing no suggestions for the relief of future freight congestion due to car shortage and Inadequate trackage, the report admits that "if business under takings proportionately Increase dur ing future years, the railroads of the country must add to their tracks, cars and other facilities to an extent diffi cult to estimate." With striking fit ness for the Oregon situation the re port continues: Manlfestedly. It is an economic waste for the farm, the mine or the factory to put labor and capital into tie production of commodities which cannot be transported to market with reasonable dispatch. If the present output cannot In many instances be transported except after ruinous delay It Is not reasonable to (resume that capital will readily seek investment In new under takings. It may conservatively be stated that the Inadequacy of transportation facili ties Is little less than alarming. ' In so far as this part of the country is concerned, we have for the past two years been suffering all of the Ills that have been pointed out by the Commission, and It is somewhat dis appointing that the report contains, no hopeful' suggestion by which, relief might be invited. The position of the railroads is not dissimilar from, that of the individual in the story who could see no necessity for repairing his leaky roof in dry weather and was unable to make the needed repairs when it rained. For years the roads have been working up to the limit of their facilities and something in ex cess. . This pleasing condition' of af fairs made it unnecessary to put forth any effort to secure business, and in cidentally made it possible to main tain rates far in excess of-what would prevail had the roads. been obliged to encourage business. Enormous earn ings were reflected in big dividends, and big dividends in turn encouraged stock speculation, which seemed' a more alluring game than railroad building. ' .Why Increase the facilities or re pair the roof, when everything was running smoothly under a Summer sky? But now the pendulum is swinging the other ray. The long sidings of many of the big railroads are crowded with cars, but they are no longer watting for the over-worked motive power to move them on. They are laid up to await the return of bet ter times. There are more cars avail able than are needed, and the de creased earnings of the road3 have cut down the dividends and reduced the funds which might have been available for new construction. T'-e rainy season has set in and repair of gie roof at '."-is time is too difficult a task to be attempted. But so far as . Central and South eastern Oregon, the Coast regions, and other neglected parts of the state, are concerned, there is aversion to dwell ing under the leaky roof of existing facilities,' and, if the Government can find no plan by which we can secure relief, it may be necessary to go back to first principals and trom a small beginning work into a broad and comprehensive railroad system of our own. The domain of the railr"oa ends at tidewater, and all sections of Oregon are reasonably close to places where the ships come for Ore gon products which are distributed throughout the world. FANTASTIC JUSTICE. The decision of the United States Supreme Court 1n . the Williamson. case is one of those feats of judicial prestidigitation which make the cynic smile and the lover of his country weep. But smiles and tears are alike ineffectual to stay the "consequences of this triumph of fantastic logic eveV commonsense, or to prevent similar social catastrophes in the future. The decision ilustrates the truth which is gradualy dawning upon the country' that the Supreme Court is an absolute ruler, above public opinion, above all considerations of the common 'wel fare, and .subjeot solely to its , .vn in terpretation of what the law is or should be. No ruling body ever exist ed in any other country with a power so nearly unlimited as thaA of our Supreme Court. The Williamson de cision naturally excites jubilation among those who have had a hand in the land frauds, but . all other law breakers find encouragement and comfort in it. It strengthens thefeeling which so many other recent judicial decisions have fostered that our courts of last resort may be depended upon to Interpose every possible obstacle to the punishment of crime and make the administration of Justice as intri cate and expensive as Ihey can. The point of law upon ; which the Williamson verdict was reversed is one of those delicate scholastic subtle ties ' which lawyers . delight . In and which the. common mind detests. A person who wishes to acquire public land under the timber and stone act of 1878 must begin by "filing" upon the tract. Later he makes his "final proof." . The statute forbids him to agree to sell the tract before he files upon it; but be is not forbidden by the timber and stone actito agree to sell it at any time between filing and final proof. When a man files upon a tract he must swear that he has not previously agret 1 to sell it, and if he swears falsely he has committed per jury! because this oath is required by law. But when he makes final proof he can swear falsely that he has not agreed to sell the land and this will not be perjury because the latter oath Is not required by law. It Is required by a rule of the land office, but the land office cannot make laws. The courts draw a clear distinction be tween falsehood and perjury. Now perpend. The Williamson in dictment charged the defendant with conspiracy to suborn perjury. In other words, he was accused of hiring men to commit perjury. The indict ment alleged that the perjury was committed by divers persons in swear ing falsety, when they filed upon land ufider the timber and stone act, that they had not alreudy agreed to sell it. If the evidence at the trial had been confined to this accusation all would have been well. Or, rather, all might have been well, though perhaps some loophole would have been discovered even then. To swear falsely, at the time of filing, that no agreement to sell has been made, is perjury; and it was proved at the trial that certain persons had so sworn and that the defendant ha 1 hired them to do it. Hence he had actually suborned per jury. All this we say was ' proved. The charge made In the Indictment was verified by the vidence, and if the prosecution had only stopped at that point the Supreme Court would have had ' to .seek for some other logical evasion and lerhaps none could have been discovered, though that Is supposing a great deal. But the prosecution did not stop at the psychological point. It went fur ther. It called witnesses to prove that applicants ' for . land . had also sworn falsely when they made their final proof; and this was fatal. The dull brain of the layman naturally conceives that-this ought to have strengthened the case. To prove that the applicants swore as many false oaths as they possibly could, swore falsely both ,ln filing and In making final proof, would seem to mak'e assurance doubly sure. But the Su preme Court is of a different opinion. This august tribunal : holds that, no matter how much perjury you prove at the time of filing, if you go on to the time of final proof and show that falsehood was committed then, you vitiate all that you have accomplished. In other words the trial of a' land fraud case is a trick of legerdemain where it is vastly worse to do too much than It Is to do too little. It Is like the athlete in the vaudeville show who tries to grab a .handker chief in his mouth Cs he turns a summersault. 'If he. grabs it all Is well. If he touches it with his nose instead of his teeth he must try again. Looked at somewhat otherwise, the Williamson case stands thus: Suppose a man is accused of twelve misdeeds. Eleven of them are" crimes under the law of the land. One of them is not a crime, though it is an offense against the mora.1 law. You make good your proof of the eleven crimes. Tou also make good your proof of the twelfth act, which' is not a crime. Now in all reason, ough. your proof of the. twelfth act to annul and de stroy your proof of the other eleven? The Supreme Court says it ought. The game must be. played exactly so. The magic rites must be performed precisely according to the set formula. If there is a variation of one lota, then the ghosts will not walk. and the incantation must be begun all over again. This is the sort of justice we enjoy in America. Is it any wonder that our record of crimes scandalizes the civilized world? The Trans - Missouri Dry Farming Congress will hold its Becond annual session at Salt Lake, January 22 to 26. Dry farming holds a place sepa rate and distinct from irrigation farm ing, and the Trans-Missouri organiza tion is engaged In promoting plans for bringing under cultivation vast areas olJ land remote from water courses and unavailable for Irrigation work. Scientific soil culture and the saving of the moisture which falls in the form of snow have demonstrated that there are great possibilities for dry farming, and the time is coming in the . not far distant future when . reclamation of lands available for irrigation will have reached a point where dry farming will become a necessity for those who are no longer able to secure good locations either naturally or artificially irrigated. Both Oregon ancj Washington have much land that will some day be devoted to dry farming, and for that reason the efforts of the Trans-Missourians will be appreciated. Four of the largest diamond and jewelry firms in New York have batfn forced into bankruptcy on account. of the unprecedented falling off in the demand for high-priced gems. This liquidation calls attention to but one of. the many forms of suffering that the rich have been, obliged to endure since the financial stringency began. Not only are they unable to buy dia monds for favors at their card parties, etc., but, in many cases, they have been so haTd hit that entire families are unable to live in New York City and have fled in despair to European Winter resorts, where the standard of expenditure needed to keep up ap pearances' is much lower than in New York. Dollars are scarcer in Manhat tan Island than they were last Sum mer, but it is consoling to know that there will also be- a -shrinkage In the number of cads made snobbish through wealth. The Port of Portland has for the past three years beSi singularly free from the sailor abuses which gave this port such a hard name through out the .world. There have been oc casional complaints of minor offenses, but they have been speedily correct ed by the boarding-house men who have at all times been under the watchful eye of Captain Hoben of "the Boarding-hou-e Commission. A num ber, of ex-prizefighters are now en deavoring to secure a license to en gage in the business. The competi tion thus engendered might result ad vantageously to some of the ship cap tains, but not to the shipowner, and the port would hardly gain anything by the numerous rows that would re suit from two sets of boarding-house men pulling and hauling at "Poor Jack." There is some merit in the rule of letting well enough alone. The British ship Port Patrick, find ing insufficient room on the Pacific Ocean for herself and the Columbia River lightship, collided with the lat ter, which was stationary, and could not get out of the way. As a result, the Port Patrick has limped Into Esquimau, British Columbia, with head gear damaged, plates sprung and ' cargo damp with sea water. Viewed on its merits, this is a plain case of disaster due to poor naviga tion and for which no port can be held responsible. But the able sea men who conduct underwriting estab lishments in . Europe will charge the trouble up against the. Columbia bar, and their time-honored course in the matter will, of course,-be approved by one- or two Puget Sound newspapers, which never miss making opportuni ties for saying something "unpleasant about the Columbia stiver. A committee of schoolgirls at Pen dleton, engaged in the study of litera ture, and wishing to know about the writers of Oregon, are to have '.'An Oregon Day" on or about February 7 They request the editor of The Ore gonian to give them some information about his life and writings, for use on that occasion. His life has been too uninteresting and uneventful for par ticular mention. - As to his writings, during the past forty-three years he has done something on the editorial page of The Oregonian and has sent sundry articles, Ofi request, to various magazines. His other works haven't amounted to much, just a few such productions as Gray's Elegy, Bunyan's Pilgrims' Progress, Goldsmith's De serted Village, and a few novels, such as The Vicar of Wakefield. Tom Jones and The Last of the Barons. A special committee of the New York School Board, after due Invest! gation, has decided that the rod judi ciously wielded Is not only a good but a necessary adjunct to school disci pline. This decision is based upon opinions that represent the experience of hundreds of teachers in the public schools of the larger cities of the United States. This is a return, under proper restrictions, to the old methods by which unruly boys were molded into law-abiding men. Says a San Francisco dispatch con cerning the California Safe Deposit & Trust Company: "Investigation by the grand jury revealed a . course of frenzied finance and reckless banking almost without a parallel." Probably the members of the grand jury had heard of the Title Bank in Portland therefore qualified their report by in serting the word "almost. The nomination of "Chris" Schuebel to be United States Attorney for Ore gon is a fine Joke a Joke on three- fourths of the delegation in Congress and the entire Republican party of Oregon. Moreover, it almost equals the Joke on Schneider. There are some Republicans who will complain ' that President Roose velt" listened to Senator Bourne in the Schuebel matter. If they didn't ex pect the President to listen to Bourne why did they send Bourne there to be listened to? - Let the unholy carpers at Law Giver TTRen understand once for all that he is the real" thing. He is run ning the state, including the so-called Republican party. Ask Schuebel. Treasurer Steel and Secretary Ben son are going to put out Superintend ent Looney, of the State Reform School, to make room for one of their friends. Brother Ross, perhaps. . PROHIBITION THAT IS IMPROVED l'a like South, Sober by Law, 25,000 Railroad Men SIsn Fledge. New York Tribune. While in Alabama, Georgia and Okla homa officers of the law were pouring uptold gallons of . spirits Into the gutters on New Year s Eve, a very aitrerent sort of prohibition campaign was moving to ward Its culmination In the North. It is reporte that' 25,000 employes of the Northwestern Railroad Company have signed the total abstinence pledge, a mon ster copy, cif which, .with the 25,000 signa-1 tures affixed. Is on its way to the pres ident of the corporation. The Teason for this ' wholesale resolution is said to be found in the rule adopted by the rail way officials in reducing their forces to the usual A'inter basis. All total ab stainers, according to this rule, were re tained; only drinking men were stricken from the payrolls. When those accus tomed to indulge in alsoholic stimulants learned of this policy they took thought among themselves, and the earnestness of their self -searching is reflected in the great New Year's resolution. Of these two prohibition campaigns we prefer the Northern one. Its advantages appear both In the efficacy of its tactics and in its freedom from any suspicion of injustice. Prohibition by statute Is diffi cult to obtain, even in outward form, be cause abstainers and nonabstalners are equally concerned in the enactment of laws. And the enforcement of law-made prohibition is still more arduous because citizens of different proclivities and habits are found among the police, on the juries and on the bench. But when an employer, seeing the greater efficiency of abstainers, decrees that the permanent jobs in his business shall go to such men abstinence acquires a new motive and at tractiveness. The drinking man cannot complain that his rights are being tram pled upon by this office rule, as he plaus ibly may Under a prohibition law. The employer simply asserts his right to pick the men whom he thinks best fitted for his business. If he fancied that vege tarians were the best bookkeepers no carnivorous accountant could well pro test. If applicants for places resent the rule they are free to seek employment where, drinking is not supposed to be detrimental. The fact that many rail roads and other large industrial corpor ations have adopted policies much like that of the Northwestern may have more Important consequences than all the pro hibition laws ever enacted. BTEW YORK'S SKYSCRAPER AREA Each New Building Erected Brings . RuHlmesa to the Others. Chicago Record-Herald. In an account of the recent addition to the skyscrapers in a small area just above the Battery in New York there is a list which, includes- one building 41 stories high, one 32 stories, one 28 stories, two 23 stories, two 22 stories, one 21 stories and three 20 stories. The owest of these buildings would rank with the tallest in Chicago and, of course, they have added enormously to the. city s office space. But It is said that there is a demand for the new offices as soon as the buildings .are completed, and there must be a steady encouragement to builders since the tendency apparently is to coyer all the available lot with' skyscrapers, and there are several under construction in addition to those that have been re cently completed. The theory of a possible oversupply is met by a writer for the New York Evening Post with the declaration that in that particular section of the city building cannot be overdone, and the further assertion that each new build ing actually brings business to the others. He then justifies his belief as follows: When the writer sold the Lord's Court building for John T. Williams, he recalled the fact that he originally built it 15 stories high, with plans ac cepted for four stories more, but. never had it filled until the Broad-Exchange building was erected, adjoining, which Immediately Increased the demand for space In both buildings to such an ex tent that it was found necessary, to add the four stories, and. the 19 etories were thereafter fully rented. Birds of a feather flock together in office buildings, as elsewhere, and ten ants naturally bring tenants, because as the occupants increase the building gains in reputation as a business cen ter. This is noticeable in Chicago, as well as in New York, and there in the necessary condition here for building activity In a vigorous growth. The downtown district, which. is very small, in comparison with the area of the city and the business needs of the popula tion, must be largely rebuilt to pro vide the accommodations that will be required, in the -near future. Senator Knox Resembles Grandson. Pittsburg Dispatch in New York World. Senator P. C. Knox, who has Presi dential aspirations, has just seen for the first time Philander Chase Knox 3d, his grandson, and son of Mr. and Mrs. Reed Knox. The baby is 3 weeks old. ' The Senator was holding it gin gerly on his lap when Judge James Young,, who accompanied him, de clared enthusiastically: "Senator, that child is the very ijnage of you;" Senator Knox blushed proudly, gazed at the baby and said: "Yes, we do resemble each other about the. head." . There isn't a hair on the top of the head of either. The Oldest Peer. Kansas City Journal. The oldest . British peer is Lord Gwydyr. aged 97. He was 6 years old at the time of the battle of Waterloo and enjoys the distinction, probably unique, of being the only person now living who was present at the coronation of four mon archs. It Is related of this venerable In dividual that when a boy 10 years old he went from the gardens of Gwydyr House, Whitehall, to the Speaker's steps at Westminster in his grandfather's state barge, manned by liveried oarsmen, and was present in Westminster Abbey when the crown tu placed on the head "of George iv; acting as page to bis grand father. Lord Gwydyr. Jilted, but She Doesn't Cry. Washington (Pa.) Dispatch in New York World. Charles Davis failed to appear at his intended wedding. Hie bride-to-be, Elizabeth Clark, was ready, and nearly 200 guests were at the residence of Mrs. A. H. Bover, Miss Clark s step mother. Instead of breaking down and crying. Miss Clark, when Informed that the wedding must be postponed Indef initely, . told the guests she was glad she had discovered Charlie is a quit ter" before it was too late. The Dawn of Peace. Selected. Put off, put off your mail, O Kings, - And beat your brands to- dust! Your hands must learn a surer grasp. Your hearts a better trust. Oh, bend aback the lance's point. And break the helmet bar; A noise is in the morning wind But not the note of war. Upon the grassy mountain paths The- glittering hotits Increase They cornel They come! How fair their feet! They come who publish- peace. And victory,' fair victory, Our enemies are ours For all the clouds are clasped In light, Ad all the earth with flowers. Aye, still ' depressed and dim wltb dew; 'But wait a little while, hd with the radiant, deathless rose The wilderness shall smile. WHITE LAW RKID AS DIPLOMAT Newspaper Editor's Success as Speech maker at LohiIob Embassy. Washington (D. C.) Star. . The presence of Whitelaw- Reld in the country on leave makes It timely and agreeable to refer to the distinguished success with which he is meeting the ob ligations of the most important of our diplomatic posts. We have for years sent of our best to represent us in Eng land, and their services have largely con tributed to the establishment of the very eordial and desirable relations that now exist between the two great English speaking nations. In 50 years our com mission has been in the hands of Adams, the publicist and statesman; Lowell, the poet and critic: Welch, the great mer chant; Phelps and Choate, leaders of the bar: Bayard, the political leader, and John Hay. .the poet, journalist and-man of wide- and general accomplishments. The list is a source of pride to all Amer icans. Mr. Reid, in all that he has done in England, has fully Justtfied the choice which added his name to this roll of honor. His course in office, has been careful, and his part In both the diplo matic and the social life - of London played with the ease and finish of a trained man of affairs, thoroughly grounded in both the history and the conventions of the times. The American embassy in London during his occupancy has been representative of our best estate,' and our best feelings toward our British cousins. The British public has grown to expect, and apparently to enjoy, addresses from our representatives, and it calls upon them In circumstances demanding their best powers of response. Mr. Reld has met this obligation quite as felicitously as he has any of the others. His addresses have been marked by taste and wide reading, and a gift of expression which years ago won him a place in the front rank of American Journalism. .Mr. Reid certain to receive during his visit or. this side many evidences of the high ap preciation in which he la held by nis countrymen. TELLS ABOUT HIS "JACK-POT." Mr. Johns Says He Doesn't Want to Get Into Another. BAKER CITY, Or., Jan. 7. (To the Ed itor.)! have been patiently waiting for one of my. associates to give The Orego nian the desired Information 83 to what is meant by "jack pot." Under the facts . stated by him, I do not think Dr. Moore makes a correct use of the term. He Is quoted as saying that all the fees paid to the State Medical Board are placed in a "Jack pot and divided equally among its members. This must be sui ' generis with the Medical Board. It . Is certainly an exception to the rule to have an equal division ot tne funds in a "Jack pot." I am at a loss to know why The Ore gonian should refer this question to East ern Oregon; Judging from the past, it Is very apparent that people In eastern Oregon have but little knowledge about "jack pots. Personally, my own knowledge has been, limited and very expensive. Ac cording to my understanding of the term. about two years ago I got into a "Jack pot" with my friend Mr. Withycombe, Mr. Geer, ITr. ' Schelbrede and the late lamented Harvey Brown. 1 have always thought that- "pot" was mine until Brown came In and that then both Mr. Withy combe and Mr. Geer, etc., run out on me. In my Judgment, when a Republican becomes a candidate for a primary nom ination to a state office, he will get into a "Jack pot," especially if he is an Eastern Oregon man. While I thank The Pregonlan and my other friends for hon orable mention as a candidate tor cong ress, I have no desire at this time to get into another "jack pot" and prefer to practice law and live In Baker Citv. CHARLES A. JOHNS. . King Edward as a Farmer. Westminster Gazette. The rich crop of prizes which ' the King's cattle and sheep have won at the Bingley Hall show, Birmingham, is the latest demonstration of His Majesty's success as a farmer, of which he is so deservedly proud. When the King be gan breeding, nearly 40 years ago the Sandringham farm lands were in an al most hopeless condition, barren and barely capable of cultivation. Today, ac cording to Rider Haggard, ' "It is a won derful farm, for nowhere is so much high-bred stock to be seen on the same area." But probably nowhere will you find such an rrray of plates and cups won. at ' shows as that whicli Sandring ham boasts. At a single exhibition His Majesty once won no fewer than 14 first prizes. In 1903 he captured five first prizes and cups, In addition to numer ous seconds and thirds: in 1904 his prizes numbered 20, In 1905 he won a champion plate, a challenge cup and 18 other prizes, including four firsts, while last year he took at the Smlthfield show ten firsts, nine "breed" cups and plates, six other prizes and several "highly com mendeds." and every prize winner he has bred himself. . Too Little Money for Him. Prineville Review. "In order to become rich," says Life, "it is necessary merely to follow the perfectly simple 'procedure of any king of finance. Thus: Borrow all the money you' can upon the property you already own. Ith the money buy more prop erty. Combine the two properties, float a loan, and with the money buy a third property. Merge the three properties, use the merger for security for a loan, and with the money buy another large proper ty. Consolidate this with the others, select a board of directors, and authorize your. self to float twice as muoh stock as there already is. Sell this stock and with the money buy nve or six more properties. Yes: and if the sucker crop falls and there is a crash, you can always claim there isn't enough money in the country, New Rooks Received. Chicago Journal. "How to Use a Pitchfork" By Senator Benjamin R. Hlllman. A handy guide on the use of sharp sentences and speeches. Very pointed. For sale at all agricultural supply stores. "Colored Vocabulary" By Bob Evans. Gives the reader an insight into the use of variously, colored words, mostly pur- nie. On sail around the Horn. "How to Become Famous" By Gee Bernard Pschaw. Tells how to artistic ally knock newspapers and how to use the pronoun "I." Author admits it Is a good book. For sale wnerever it is Kept. "Me, Me, Me" By Elbertus Hubbard. A story of the author by himself. Be gins with "I" and ends with "Me." Makes the reader feel like a period. Very Hayloftle. All tin shops. The Zany . " London Outlook. I remember when a circus clown was spoken of as -a "zany" a word found only in colored alphabets for children disinterred from the dictionary to meet the exigencies of the letter Z. This is, I think, a beautiful word. It is,' of course, the soft Venetian form of Giovanni, as S3. Giovanni e Paelo is "Zanipolo" in the speech of the gondoliers. Fastidious Burglar's Critical Taste. Washington (D. C.) Dispatch. A thief who robbed the house of J. Edward Hurlock. of Millington, Md., left a note saying: I have called again, and hoped to get money and a dress for my wife. Don't care for your silverware." 5s Silk Hat," Says Speaker Cannon. Baltimore News. Speaker Cannon has never worn a silk hat, and says He would not wear one should he become President. POTPOURI BY NANCY LEE. One of the best-known Captains in the Navy, who for years has been identified -with California, was originally from the Blue Grass State, and holds an enviable record for the apparent ease with which he consumes unlimited quantities of al cohollo beverages. After the San Francisco fire many of ficers arid their wives were stationed tem porarily at the Mare Island Navy Yard and in the adjoining portion of the town, Vallejo. In the latter burg the aocommo- , dations were extremely poor and a ' gaudily furnished apartment over a saloon fell to the lot of Captain and Mrs. Y. Here a wife of a brother officer called one afternoon, and in the course of the conversation condoned with Mrs. Y.', owing to the fact that she was forced to live over a saloon. "Oh." said the Captain's wife, amiably, "you wouldn't mind it in the least, after having lived with one for 20 years." . When a woman has a will of her own, she also has amonopoly on wont's. Evolution of one "department" store: Lowif, blowit, owit, goit. One of Tacoma's wealthiest citizens was in Portland not long ago and was invited to take an automobile ride with a friend. This Tacoman bears the reputation of having the almighty dollar first in min above all things, and an incident on this occasion seems to prove it. Going at ter rific speed, the motor became unmanage-. able and the chauffeur called out that he would have to run Into something that he couldn't stop it. Whereupon the Ta coman cried out: "For heaven's sake (or words to that effect), pick out something cheap." The crematory is earning dividends by burning the dead. Now, wouldn't that incinerate you? An old colored preacher in the South was discoursing one evening on the sub ject of the flight of the children of Israel across the Red Sea, and he addressed his hearers as follows: Bruthers and sisters, when de chlllun ob Israel rushed down to the Red Sea, pursued by Pharaoh's army, der was a thick coat ob ice friz ober de sea, an' de chillun was able to rush 'cross de ice and save theirselves. But jes as Pharaoh army reached de middle ob de stream de sun come out an' melted de ice.' an', all de army was drownded." At this moment a long, raw-boned negro slowly arose in the oongreation and ad dressed the minister, saying: "Look heah. Mister. Fa-hson, ain't yo' sorter mixed in yo' discou'sa? Now, 'cord In' ter de geogtry, de Red Sea is somewhar neah de equator, an' dey nebber was no ice friz down neah de equator." The old minister smiled a knowing smile, and. leaning forward, replied: Now, look heah, brudder, I 'spected some ob you . Booker T. Washington smart Elick niggers to 'spute my discou'se. but I wants tec tell you all one thing. At de time er de flight ob de chillun ob Israel ober de Red Sea dar warn't no geogfry and der warn't no equator, neidder." Man wants but little here below. Hs usually gets it. 'Did you ever 'sit in' and get froze out'?" "No; but cine time I 'antled up' and fell down." ' Too many cooks. spoil the broth. I've known one to do it. . e On Ralph Stuart's recent visit to Port land he told this story on his boys: Upon the birth of the youngest boy the proud father escorted the eldest lad (aged 5 years) to the crib where the slecpii z in fant lay. - "Aren't you proud of your little broth er?" he was asked. "Yes," he -replied, .hesitatirufly; "but, gee! ain't he sunburnt!" - "I've got a dog," said Brown, "with more Intelligence than most people. The other day I was walking doiwntown, when suddenly I stopped abruptly and said: 'Fido, there's something I should have attended to, but I can't, to save my life, remember.' Would you believe me, that dog sat right down on the sidewalk and scratched his head and tried to help me think." A Portlander who was frequently gui..y of errors In grammar at one time cher ished ambassadorial honor and finally obtained a flattering position In one of the foreign countries. Two men were discussing the situation, when one declared: "I hear Blank was desirous of being made Minister to Eng land, but, of course, he couldn't make it." ' . "Why not?" ' "Well, he couldn't speak the language." Hymn of the depositors: "When I can read my Title clear," . Colonel J. ."Ham" Lewis as a Jest. Chicago Tribune, Jan. 2. Robert Emmet Burke wished everybody good luck yesterday except Colonel .James Hamilton Lewis.- Even during the season of good cheer Colonel Burke tould not bring himself to see Colonel Lewis as the Democratic nominee for Governor. It la not a case of ill will towards Colonel Lewis; merely a case of skepticism. What will make this the more irritating to Colonel Lewis is the fact that no less a person than Colonel William Jennings Bryan considers Colonel Burke's poli tical judgment as the most sane, safo and sound in Illinois. ' If he had given a moment of reflection to it he would have realized that nothing crude or brief could dismiss Colonel Lewis from public attention, or sum marily dispose of him as a possible Gov ernor of Illinois. What Colonel Burke meant to intimate was that Colonel Lewis was too effervescent and volatile to be effective politically in districts not acquainted wth him and his art. Colonel Burke expressed the fear that Colonel Lewis would be regarded as a Jest. An Apron String. Elizabeth Payne In Harper's. I'm a foolish little apron Lawn and lace, you know the kind "WiTh blue bowknots on my pockets. And pert strings that tie behiad; But I wreak the deadliest havoc That the heart of maid could wish. When she wears me, superintending Barehits In a chafing dish. Be it boys of gay and twenty. Or grave widowers, twoecors. Be It benedict, or even The elusive bachelor When they mett my ways beguiling. Oh, I chuckle" while I win! For they all says she is, somehow, "So Intensely feminine!" She has giv-n up athletics: It's no lonptT worth hr while To acquire tan and freckles Coif meant many a weary mile! I'm a foolish little apron. ' But there's nothing that can vie In man's heart with such a combine As that chafing diah and I.