THE MORNING OREGONIAX, WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 1, 19081
11
OREGON FAMOUS FOR ITS
Reputation Not of Recent AcquisitionState for
Been Noted for the Breeding of Fine Horses,
OREGON
LIVESTOCK
TICS.
STATIS-
Kind.
Cattl .
Horses ,
Mulwi .
ioat .
Swine .
iSS.tf&. 124.717.375 '
... 2toH.Z:2
. , . 3, X)
... 162. .Vm
... 30U,9
14,4iH,rtK
2,479.512
Total valu
.$72,635,087
Bjr Dr. James Withy comb. I l rector Oreffon
experimental Station.
OREGON is rapidly becoming famous
for its livestock. This reputation is
not of recent acquisition, but is the
result of a lonjr series of demonstrations
of the superiority of our horses and other
domestic animals. In the early "70s Fos
ter was nourished by the nutritious feed
and Invigorated by the pure air of the
Inland Empire or the great four-mile
race that won for him the admiration of
the Nation. Later the great sire Alta
tnont by his Individual performance and
the phenomenal speed of his progeny at
tracted the attention of horsemen
throughout the American continent.
Many celebrities of the turf and harness
events have since been developed whose
reputations have extended far beyond the
confines of our state.
Climatic and- soil conditions in Oregon
are the very best for the production of
the finest types of draft horses, carriage
horses and the most durable light harness
and racehorses that can be found any
where. It Is nothing unusual to find two-year-old
draft horses weighing . 1G00
pounds. Not only have they the weight,
but likewise a development of bone and
muscle that makes them the envy of
Eastern horsemen. At our recent State
Fair the Oregon-bred Percheron Moco
was awarded the grand championship for
the bopt draft stallion of any breed. Since
then this same horse has won the grand
championship at the great horse show
given under the auspices of the Port
land Hunt Club, thus demonstrating the
superiority of the Oregon horee.
A trip through the farming districts
will quickly impress one with the qual
ity and character of the draft horses pro
duced In this state. Many a farmer dur
ing the past few years has realized from
$1100 to $S00 Tor a team of these horses.
This is almost like finding money. The
colt is usually broken when a two-year-old,
and by the time he is four, a salable
aso, he has earned for his owner prac
tically all he has cost. Our farmers arc
certainly to be congratulated for the ex
cellent progress they are making in the
improvement of the draft stock of the
country. There are dozens of stallions
throughout the state that have cost them
$1000 each. This ppeaks well for their en
terprise, 4nd is also a true indication of
the grand uarvest of draft horses to ma
terialize in thevfuture.
Equally good results have been attained
In the field of the light harness horse.
Oregon has produced horses which have
earned a National reputation. Among
them are Chehalis, Alteo, Klamath, Par
rott, Jane L. and many others. With
out doubt the finest cavalry horses in the
world are raised on the hills and -plains
of Kastern Oregon. Horses from this sec
tion have the finest of limbs and fe;t and
possess- wonderful powers of endurance.
Under such climatic and soil conditions
the very best of light harness and saddle
horsey" can bo produced. Practically every
condition favortiblo for the production of
all Classen of horses prevail in this stat.
thus showing conclusively that there is
a very wide field of opportunity for the
horsebreeding industry.
The field of opportunity for the breed
ing of hlgh-clasu cuttle is equally large
and inviting. In this class of livestock
the breeders have won a National reputa
tion. Such an linn Is as Kolando, Ixretta
D. and Orange Blossom, of Fairview III,
have by their showing and achievements
won National fame. The same enterprise
which ' characterizes our draft-honse
breeders Is found even to a greater de
gree among our cattle brooders. With
out doubt the largest and most valuable
herd of Jersey cattle in the world Is
maintained at Portland, and it Is a cmdit
to the State of Oregon. It Is doubtful
if there is a state In the I'nion that can
boast of as many high-class herds or cat
tle in proportion to the populntion as can
Oregon. This is pre-eminently a cattle
country. The whole of the Oregon coun
try west and much of it east of the Cas
cades is Ideal for dairying. It is not un
common for herds of dairy cows to yield
a gross return of $100 a cow annually.
There are millions of acres in thee sec
tions, and with modern tillage each acre
can be made to supply the rough feed for
ono cow, thus making a gross return of
$.0 an acre annually.
What Is true of the dairy cow is equal
ly tru of tho beef animal. We have
many first-class herds of the beef breeds,
some that have -earned a National repu
tation. Thre are two general systems of grow
ing beef cattle In this state. The more
general is the raising of cattle on the
range aiid selling them as beef direct
from the range, or selling them as feed
ers, or finishing them on alfalfa and wild
hny and selling them for beef in the late
Winter or early Spring. Many fodders
depend wholly upon alfalfa hay to finish
their beeves. However, a slight supple
mentary grain rationjSuch as ground bar
ley or headed wheat materially improves
the quality of the beef.
In the southern portion of " the state
much grassfed beef is produced for 'the
Spring and early -Summer market.
There Is a steadily growing field of op
port unity for th small farmer to make
good returns from well finished stall fed
beef. Tho. demand for a better quality
of beef, even better than can ordlnarny
b produced in range districts is steadily
growing. The beef market is gradually
becoming more diserlTuiimting and tho
well finished beef will cnmnwi a price
that is encouraging c the producer.
krevv Is pre-eminently a sheep coun
try. The world cannot produce better
long-wool sheep than can be produced in
Western Oregon. Here we have every
condition for the production of tho hlgh
est types of these sheep. They are large
with good character and excellent fleeces.
There is no doubt the day will come when
this section will be generally recognized
as the breeding ground of the best long
,wool sheep on the continent. There is
now a golden opportunity for a great
number of farmers to engage in the pro
duction of pure-bred, long-wool sheep for
. the range districts. The middle woris
also do well in this section. There ;..e
a number of noted flocks maintained -in
Western Oregon. Many of the breeders
have shown great enterprise in securing
very hUh-class sheep to head their flocks.
A number of winners at world fairs have
found their way to this section.
The field for mutton production -s
equally inviting. With the luxuriant
growth of clover, vetch, alfalfa, rape and
kale this section cannot be excelled for
the 'economical production of high-class
mutton. With proper systems of Winter
feeding the small farmer can secure ex
cellent returns from a small flock of mut
. ton sheep. They do not require expen
sive buildings for the long-wools do best
In the open field.
Sheep husbandry in Eastern Oregon Is
conducted upon a much larger scale than
In Western Oregon. Here Is where the
flockmHSter . counts his sheep by the
thousands. Wool is beld above mutton
in this section. Where large flocks are
maintained there is no breed that excels
the merino. They are healthier and herd
better than any other breed under simi
lar conditions. - Merino blood is predomi
nant in practically all of the flocks of
this -section. There are a num,ber oC
noted flocks of pure-bred sheep main
tained as stud flocks. Hay creek is the
home of one of the largest nd most valu
able flocks of the Ramboullleta in the
world.
There are over 3,000.000 sheep kept in
Eastern Oregon. The surplus animals
are mainly sold as stock sheep and are
taken to the Middle States and fattened
on corn for the Eastern markets. Many,
however, are fattened at home for the
local markets and Coast trade. 'It would
be better if a larger proportion were fat
tened at home. The great wheat produc
ing belt of the Columbia basin Is well
adapted to mutton production. Instead of
the bare fallow much better results in
the long run would accrue from grow
ing rape "and peas and feeding these to
sheep. In this way a perpetuity of pro
duction would be insured; thus farming in
this section would be placed upon a more
stable basis.
This state is capable of maintaining
2,000,000 goats. Goats are the most eco
nomical livestock .found on the farm,
wherever there is brush land. They not
only destroy the brush and thus help the
farmer to clear his land, but at the same
time yield a handsome revenue from mo
hair. A well-graded band of goats will
yield from 51 to $2.50 annually for their
fleece. The mohair generally produced
In this state is of a high-grade and in
good demand In Kastern factories.- The
following letter written by a large Massa
chusetts plush manufacturer to an Ore
gon correspondent, a few years ago.
TILLAMOOK CHEESEMARERS
By Fred C. Baker. Kdltor Tillamook
Headlight.
ISKTEEX HUNDRED AND SEVEN
was the banner year for cheese
making- in Tillamook County, as
well as for high prices for this prod
uct, many of the dairymen making
J100 a cow from their dairy herds, and
half a million dollars came into the
county from the manufacture of cheese.
Considering that the dairymen raise
most of their own feed for their herds,
and do not have to buy mill feed, this
is a remarkable and flattering record
for Tillamook as a dairying section.
The great demand for Tillamook cheese
the whole "year, with not enough to
supply the demand at times, and with
little fluctuation in price, made this
possible.
This accounts for tfie general pros
perity among dairymen in Tillamook,
most of whom have bank accounts to
pay their bills with checks, while many
have money to loan. In brief, this Is
how the dairymen in Tillamook County
are situated after several years of suc
cessful and profitable dairying. They
own valuable dairy farms which as
sure them a safe and independent liv
ing every year, for there are no crop
fallurts, no cyclones, no blizzards, no
severe cold, no intense heat to be con
tended with in Oregon. In every sense
of the word the Coast counties of Ore-goi-
are ideal for dairying, admirably
adapted by climatic conditions to,pro
duco cheese and butter of splendid
flavor and which is always at a
premium on the market.
On this account Tillamook County
Is an exceedingly interesting and pros
perous section of Oregon, for it was by
true Western grit, hard work and per
severance that the sturdy settlers made
this the great cheese-producing county
of Oregon, turning primeval forests
witn trees of Immense growth into
beautiful green meadows, where large
dairy herds graze the year around.
Although it took years of hard toll to
bring this about, it is certainly won
derful how Tillamook County has de
veloped with so sparse a population
and without railroad, connections, and
LIVESTOCK
Many Years Has
Cattle and Sheep.
plainly Indicates the quality of the mo
hair grown in this state. ,
Wa have received from 'you a sample lot
-of mohair.
The one fleece sample Is extra long, well
bred, white stock, -and would class as pure
breed, equal to the best Turkey mohair,
which is an exceptional thing to say of
American mohair. This fleece Is a little
heavy In grease, so that in scouring it will
shrink a little more than the average Tur
key mohair. As to fineness -of quality. It Is
medium fine.
Regarding- the balance of the sample lot.
the condition is extra good, average length,
seven Inches. It has all the characteristics
of the purest Turkey mohair. It is soft,
white, lustrous stock, strong in the staple
and elastic, and Is free from oil. It Is finer
In fiber than average Turkey mohair.
We are not comparing this with other do
mestic hair; only with the best bre.. Turkey
hair, and it Is only-by very careful selection
Dut of a good many bales of the best Tur
key that we would pick out a number of
fleeces that would be as good as this sample
lot of fleeces.- If the climate and feed of
Oregon wlll permit the goats from which
this mohair was taken to retain the quali
ties which have been bred in them, the re
sult will nurpass anything that we have yet
seen In the way of American bred Angoras.
"We believe that we have already received,
or have on the way to us, more than half
of all the best Arfterican mohair "that 'has
been sheared this Spring:, and. it has been
very satisfactory to us to find so much im
provement in quality In many of the '.are
lots, and .such exceptional success as we
find in the sample lot you have just sent
us, and in similar lots which we have re
ceived from other growers who have asked
us for an expert opinion.
The value of this mohair Is 43 cents. We
would instantly close a trade for 100.000
pounds of the same quality at the same
price. ,
Since this letter was written an Ore
grort goat has been sold at public auc
tion at Kansas City for $800, which
numerous transportation difficulties to
be, 'contended with.
Yet with patient, plodding, individual
and united effort, Tillamook County
has gained a reputation for cheese
making that is known all over the Pa
cific Coast. The salt air, cool climate,
abundance of green feed and pure
mountain water are some of the prin
ciple features which help to give Til
lamook cheese a rich, peculiar flavor
not to be found in' cheese manufac
tured in less favored sections of the
country. A more intelligent and in
dustrious class of farmers cannot bo
found anywhere in Oregon than in
Tillamook. They commenced by pack
ing butter in tubs and sending it to
Portland whenever an opportunity pre
sented itself. The advent of the cream
cry soon brought about a wonderful
change, and since then the industry
has increased every year. A few of
the large creameries, when the largest
flow of milk was on. manufactured a
ton of cheese every day.
There are about 41 creameries, large
and small, in the county, while a num-
ber of individual dairymen do their own
manufacturing. These factories are
scattered ail over the county, so that
it is but a very little distance that
dairymen have to drive to a factory.
Moat of these are co-operative .con
cerns, and the patrons are paid once a
month for the amount of buttter fat
shipped in. Tillamook County cam
boast of a number of experienced
cheescmakers who have helped to make
Tillamook cheese what it is today.
Complete returns of the actual
amount of cheese manufactured, and
the returns therefrom, in Tillamook
County for 1907 will not be available
Name of Factory
Maple Leaf Creamery
Tillamook Creamery
Clover Leaf Creamery
Fatrview Dairy Association
Three Rivers Creamery
Meda Co-operative Creamery
Pleasant -Vai'ey Creamery
Aider Vale Creamery
Long Prairie Brick Creamery
Total .
The average price received for cheese for
shows how our groats are regarded by
breeders at a distance. . . ,
There is no state where the hog is a
better mortgage-lifter than he is in
Oregon. It is simply amazing; that the
industry has not made a better devel
opment. Not only can the hogs be
grown economically, but the product is
of the highest quality. The wheat and
barley fed pork, of this state equals
the best pork produced in Canada and
Denmark, which tops the markets of
the world. Danger from disease i
very remote here. This Is due to the
fact that the hog can get green, succu
lent feed throughout the year. Stock
hogs can be wintered easily on kale
and roots with a small supplementary
grain feed, which need cost but little.
Kale will yield from 20 to 40 tons of
green feed an acre, and in western Ore
gon it can be fed at least nine years in
every ten from the open field all
Winter.
It uas been demonstrated at the Ore
gon Agricultural College Experiment
Station that hogs can ue produced for
3 cents a pound, and they rarely sell
lower than 6 cents, thus giving a net
profit of 3 cents per pound, or $7.50
profit on an averaged sized hog.
This is not an ideal corn country,
yet with good methods from 20 to 40
bushels an acre can be produced.
Many farmers grow annually a few
acres of corn - Vnd fatten their hogs
witn the product. There is, however,
no need for depending upon corn, for
TYPICAL CATTLE ? INCH, EASTERN OREGON.
barley can be produced economically,
and this is even better than .corn for
putting on a good finish. Wheat is the
ideal fattening food for the hog, but
barley is a close second. In fact, when
cost is considered, barley is the better.
With plenty of cover, vetch, rape,
kale, peas and barley, there is no rea
son why Oregon should not become as
famous for. her bog products as she is
for her fine horses, cattle, sheep, goats,
wool and mohair.
Seventy-two million dollars' worth
of farm livestock may seem large, .but
this is nothing to what the value of
the livestock interests of the state will
be at the close of another decade.
PROSPEROUS
untll the end of January, but what has
been done in a few of the factories up
to date will prove highly interesting"
to those who may desire, to see actual
figures from some of the cheese fac
tories. We give below returns from
five large and four small factories. By
the end of the year these factories will
have handled a quarter of a million of
dollars of the dairymen's money. For
Instance, these seven cheese factories
have brought $208,276 into tbe county,
with December to be added. The Maple
Leaf Creamery (a comparatively new
factory), located on the Wilson River,
received the largest amount of milk,
3,433,795 pounds, which made 365,611
pounds of cheese, for which the patrons
received 151,984. This was followed
closely by the Tillamook Creamery, one
of the first co-operative factories
started in Tillamook with 3.243,887
pounds of milk, 348,127 pounds of
cheese, 'and a payroll of $49,410. The
average price for butter fat paid the
dairymen for 1907 was nearly 35
cents per pound in tne large factories
and 33 cents per pound in the smaller.
The average price for cheese will be a
little over 14 cents a pound.
Tillamook County never had a more
prosperous year than last in the pro
duction of cheese, and from a conserva
tive estimate of the output from all
the other factories in the county, it will
amount to $500,000 from the manufac
ture of checee alone.
Tillamook County also turns out a
splendid quality or brick chees. for
which there is a growing demand.
Following are the amounts of milk
received at nine factories, amount of
cheese made, and amounts received for
the same:
Xo. lb.
mi:k
Dec. 1, '07.
3,433,795
3.243.S87
1.4ti8.773
2,390.713
1.351.755
716.4.17
45S.Oo8
, 432.4S1
202.433
ONE OF TILLAMOOK'S MANY DAIRY HERDS. I
No. lbs. Value of
checpe product to
Dec. 1. '07. Dec. 1. '07.
865.611 $ 81,984.34
348.127 49.410.31
156.712 - 22,131.19
259.6.18 36.SB2.09
146.201 20.492.72
78.999 11,024.35
48.32 6.721.28
46.050 8,503.15
21,580 3.117.38
1.471.218 t208.276.82
.13.638,284
these nla factories is 11.15 cents per pound.
RANGE CATTLE A SOURCE
Beef Steers Fattened on the Hills and Plains
Are Shipped East, West, North . and South-
By J. Garfield Crawford. I
' . T ONE TIME in Oregon the beef
l ... ,i
1 steer was King. oaay "
m Hnfriiv tmo hut still cattle-rals-
ing is one of the principal industries.
Forty years ago,' even less, the Willam
ette Valley was known far and wide as
a paradise for the cattleman, but the
large influx of people from the Eastern
states; in this now famous garden spot,
drove the cattlemen over the Cascade
Mountains to the plateaus and valleys of
Eastern Oregon and here is where the
range wranglers have rested.
The Blue Mountain district of Eastern
Oregon is an ideal cattleman's country.
The mountains are rough with an occa
sional small valley of most fertile soil,
where nhe cattleman can build himself a
home and raise plenty of hay to feed his
stock through the winter months. These
mountains, like a large part of the rest
of the eastern division of the Cascades
are peculiarly adapte'd to the 6tock in-
dustry, and beyond a doubt always will
be a stock country. In Baker, Wallowa.
Union, Umatilla, Morrow, Grant,
Wheeler, Malheur, Crook, Harney, Gil
liam, Sherman and Lake Counties, there
is a great deal of grazing land that never
can be used for agricultural purposes,
and in these counties the stock busi
ness of Oregon, in years to come, will
be one of the state's most valuable as
sets. What the stockman of Oregon, wants
and needs is a stronger local demand for
his product, that is, a market that will
take his surplu.s of beef animals at any
time they are in condition to be placed
on the market, which is not now the case
with the counties far removed from the
railroads1. More transportation in Ore
gon will not hurt the stock business, as
is sometimes feared by the cattlemen of
the. Interior, but will have a tendency to
increase the demand as well as the sup-
AVERAGE PRICE OP BUTTER FAT FOR TEX MONTHS IX
TILLAMOOK CHEESE FACTORIES.
Name of Factory Jan. Feb.
Maple Leaf Creamery ...32.2 S4.0
Tillamook Creamery . ...30.4 3o.3
Clover Leaf Creamerv 37.0
Kalrview Dairy Ass'n... 29.4 30.0
Three Rl-eiw Creamery
Meda Co-operative Cr'my.... ...
Pleasant Valley Creamery
Alder Vale Creamery ...
Lons Prairie Breck Cr'my
Mar.
35.3
33.2
34.7.
34 8
36.0
37.0
Most of the returns for October In this table
early to obtain November and December returns,
ply. Take, for example, the great Har
ney -Valley, which is now the greatest
stockman's paradise in Oregon. It is
Isolated and far from any means of
transportation, and .the naturar conse
quence is tliat nothing, broadly speak
ing, is produced in this fertile valley that
cannot walk to market, so cattle, sheep
and horse raising are tho principal in-
1
d us tries. This valley is surrounded by a
rough mountainous country that will
never ' be cultivated and will furnish
summer range for as many stock as are
now piipduced in this region and the cat
tle can be and will be fed during the
Winter in the valley, where wild hay
grows in unlimited quantity. .
When such immense concerns as Miller
& Lnx. who own township after township
from the Snake river, on the northeast
ern border of the state, to the California
line on the south, are divided up and
their range and ranches stocked, and
handled properly, this land will graze
nearly one-third more stock than it does
at the present time. Give Harnejj and
Crook counties a railroad with a terminus
In a city like Portland, with a packing
plant that is capable of handling the
thousands of head of cattle that these
two counties turn oft each "year, and this
business will thrive In these localities as
it never has before.
The large percentage of Malheur and
Harney County stock go East, as this
Is the natural ' course and drive
at the present time. The cat
tle are . gathered Into the Harney
and Malheur Valleys and driv down
the Malheur to Ontario, on the Oregon
"Short Line, and loaded aboard cars for
the stockyards of Chicago and Kansas
I Citv. A drawback to the Eastern market
I (- Ant
is that it only calls for stock once
year and is generally supplied after the
Fall round-up, which allows the cattle
man to realize only once a year on his
Investment.
The forest reserve policy, if carried
out as dictated by the Federal Gov
ernment, will do much . to perpetuate
the cattle business in Oregon, as well
as all other live-stock industries. It
furnishes a Summer range for all kinds
of stock and saves the range from the
land-grabbers and big stockmen can
not' hog it all. It also does away with
the range wars that Oregon was yust
about to become famous for.
It is a fact well known to many res
idents of Eastern Oregon that not many
years ago a man took big chances
when he moved into many of our stock
raising communities and announced his
intention of going into the same busi
ness. Many men have been ordered put
of Harney. ' Crook .and Malheur Coun-
Photo by Sigsbee, Heppner, Or.
ties, who went there to settle upon a
piece of land and go into business for
themselves. If they refused to go,
they received all kinds of threats an
humiliations. I have been told by more
than one man in the Harney Valley
that this condition existed in these
counties only a few years ago. The
condition Is entirely different now. It
has been proved that the range is capa
ble of supporting more stock , than
were grazed on it during ,those times.
Range land will support double the
amount of stock when it is relieved
from grazing about the last of October
and -not used until May of the fol
lowing Spring. This .is the Govern
ment's policy. It keeps stock oft the
grass when it is weak, thus giying.it a
chance to get a good start and gain a
new foothold. The valleys along the
streams will produce enough hay to
Winter-feed all the cattle the moun
tains and "scab land" will graze in
Apr.
.14.8
3H.0
SS. 3
30
35.8
S.1.3
a s
May.
June
.13.0
84.2
34.0
33.8
33.1.
31.5
31.5
32.2
32.0
July
3.1.5
34.3
.14.5
3.1.5
33.0
3.1.5
32.5 .
3.1 0
33.0
Aur.
35.3
35.2
36.2
34.4
35.0
34.0
32.0
3.1.5
30.0
Sept.
36.2
35 4
.16.2
35.0
34.3
.13.5
30.0
33.5
34.0
Oct.
.15.0
34.0
34.5
34.6
3.1.0
3t.O
30.0
33.0
33.0
too
3.V7
as. 8
34.0
85.1
31.7
3.1.5
34.0
31.7
are estimated,
and It is
the Summer, and this phase of the stock
industry is becoming generally accepted
among the stockmen of Oregon.
The Wallowa Valley Is the great
feeding ground for Wallowa County and
is capable of supporting one-third more
stock than it is now feeding.
Umatilla.' Morrow, Gilliam and Sher
man Counties are the feeding grounds
for a large share of the beef cattle
that now supply the state's demand.
These cattle are bought in Crook, Har-"
ney, Grant and Wheeler Counties in
the Fall and driven into the stubble
fields and alfalfa lands along the creeks
to fatten for Spring delivery. Thous
ands or. head ol cattle are fed everyS
Winter on Butter and Willow Creeks
in Umatilla and Morrow Counties."
The stockmen of the Paulina country
in Crook County, and as far south as
Riley, in Harney, sell their Fall feed
ers mostly to Morrow County cattle
men, as do those of Spray, Wheeler
County, and those of northwestern
Grant county.
Of the 700,000 head of range cattle
in Oregon, about 200,000 are turned oft
for beef each year, netting the stock
men close to $5,500,000. Owing to the
lack of transportation facilities through
Central Oregon, the herds of the south
ern part of the state are driven south
to California and Nevada. For the Al
vord and Denio country, Winnemucca,
Nevada affords a marketing point and
many thousands of Oregon cattle and
sheep find their way to the markets of
OF WEALTH
of Eastern Oregon
Climate Is Ideal.
the East on board the cars from this
place.
All kinds of stock are found in the
fteins Mountains, which country is
recognized by stockmen to be one of
the greatest grazing sections in the
state and able to sustain in good shape
a great many more stock than are pas
tured there at present.
The Owyhee Valley and ' tributaries
are famous grazing spots and the pres
ent market point "is Boise, Idaho. If
the Oregon Central railroad were built
across the state from Vale to Natron,
these cattle would be marketed in
Portland and Instead of the raw ma
terial being sent East, Oregon woutd
receive the benefit of the finished pro
duct. Baker and Union Counties play their
part in this industry and market many
thousand cattle every year in Port
land and Seattle. The Burnt River
and Powder River Mountains are Sum
mer ranges for the Valleys of the sama
name and also furnish range for the
ranchers of the Grande Ronde Valley.
The past year has been in the stock
man's favor, so far as range conditions
go, and if the market were at all sat
isfactory, the stockmen would record
one of the most successful years In the
history of the industry in Oregon.
Forest flres have recently destroyed
thousands of acres of grass in the Cas
cade Mountains each year and laid low
many millions of feet of Oregon's best
timber. These fires would not be half
so prevalent if the stock industry were
allowed to flourish in these sections.
The grass would be eaten down and
not allowed to dry up to help spread
fires. Stock do not injure forest tree,
and this fact has been thoroughly
proved In the Blue Mountains. Lum
bermen, after they have acquired titb
to land, desire that it be grazed as
protection against flres.
A bigger and stronger local mark
will again bring Southern Oregon into
the cattle business as strongly as It
was In years gone by. The Siskiyou
and Cascade Mountains are capable of
supporting many times the number of
cattle that are at present ranging upon
their slopes.
WILL MAKE CITY
LIVESTOCK CENTER
' Portland's New Country Club
to Have Buildings and Grounds
Specially Arranged for Exhibit
tlon Purposes.
By Tom Richardson. Manacer of the Port
land Commercial Club.
WHILE people of the Pacific North
west disagree about many things
they are a unit in declaring that
the Lewis and Clark Exposition was the
supreme success- of all such efforts in
this part of the United States: and they
further agree without a dissenting voice"
that the livestock show at that Exposi
tion was its crowning feature.
Since the Exposition the business men
and property holders of Portland, co
operating with those engaged in the live
stock industry throughout this section of
the United States, have determined that
no one move is so absolutely necessary
fdr "the development of this section as
an annual live stock show to be held in
Portland, and of sufficient importance to
attract International attention and bring
here the best horses, cows, sheep, goats
and swine bred upon the American con-,
tinent.
On three different occasions the busi
ness men have organized and appointed
special committees on location, but they
failed Xo get exactly what was desired
until the present Ideal site In the north
eastern part of the city was chosen, and
all agreed that from every possible stand- .
point it approached perfection. A tract
containing eighty-seven acres was there
fore bought and paid for and is to re
main forever freo from debt or incum
brance of any kind. A mile track is
now being constructed and will be ready
for Spring training; stables will also be
constructed during the early months of
1908. The amphitheater, clubhouse and
other buildings will be built upon the
crest of a hill, overlooking the track.
Audience therefore can see the feet of
every horse at every inch of the entire
track, and the sun will shine over the
crest ot the hill and not in the faces of
the spectators.
The site commands a magnificent view
of Portland and much of the surrounding
country, including a horizon crowned by
the towering snow-capped peaks, Hood,
St. Helens, Adams, and Rainier; the
drainage is about as near perfect as it
could possibly be. Taken all In all, the
home of the Portland Country Club and
Live Stock Association could not well be
improved upon regarding its availability,
and when -the builders and landscape
gardeners get through with it it will be
a place in which all of the people of the
Pacific Coast can take a genuine and
sincere pride.
The success of great outdoor entertain
ments always depends upon transporta
tion facilities and this is particularly
true with livestock shows. The main
line of the O. R. & N. Company runs
within a few feet of the grounds and a
short spur will put the stock; upon the
grounds, an arrangement which will be
appreciated by stockmen. The Portland
Railway, Light & Power Company has a
franchise for a double track into the
grounds, and from the heart of the city
vast crowds can be moved in from 16 to
20 minutes.
To accommodate automobllists ' and
horsemen a splenflld driveway known as
"The Alameda" will connect with' the
city boulevard system, making the drive
through the grounds one of the very
best obtainable either in the city or its
suburbs.
The business men of Portland are In
tensely in earnest in their effort to make
Portland a great livestock center, and
of the $ir.O,O0O of stock subscribed over
3100,000 has been paid in in cash ar.d
purses "amounting to 340,00 have been
voted for a livestock show to be held
during the Fall of 1908. M. D. Wisdom
was sent as a delegate to the Inter
national Livestock Association meeting
held in Chicago, to arrange for dates,
which it is hoped will be In September.
At that meeting he met the officers of
the different breeders' associations and
was assured co-operation and assistance
and additional prizes wnlch will probably
make the total $50,000. or one of the most
important livestock shows held on this
continent.
The local or city part embraced especi
ally in the Country Club features offers
a variety of fascinating entertainments
that will keep the grounds a busy scene
for at least eight ' months in the year.
Portland is fortunate in counting among
Its automobile enthusiasts some of its
best citizens, and in having a splendid
Hunt Club, which pYoved its mettle in a
Horse Show in 1907, which has not been
equalled anywhere West-
Both Swift and Armour own large
tracts of land at Portland and. are ar
ranging for the building of enormous
packing houses. This means the develop- .
ment of the livestock industry in the
Pacific Northwest upon a splendid scale.
With an abundance of pure water, a
mild climate and green grasses, the
stockgrower will find his Eden here, and
to hasten the day the Portland Country
Club and Livestock Association has
been organized- .