THE MORNING OREGONIAX, WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 1, 19081 11 OREGON FAMOUS FOR ITS Reputation Not of Recent AcquisitionState for Been Noted for the Breeding of Fine Horses, OREGON LIVESTOCK TICS. STATIS- Kind. Cattl . Horses , Mulwi . ioat . Swine . iSS.tf&. 124.717.375 ' ... 2toH.Z:2 . , . 3, X) ... 162. .Vm ... 30U,9 14,4iH,rtK 2,479.512 Total valu .$72,635,087 Bjr Dr. James Withy comb. I l rector Oreffon experimental Station. OREGON is rapidly becoming famous for its livestock. This reputation is not of recent acquisition, but is the result of a lonjr series of demonstrations of the superiority of our horses and other domestic animals. In the early "70s Fos ter was nourished by the nutritious feed and Invigorated by the pure air of the Inland Empire or the great four-mile race that won for him the admiration of the Nation. Later the great sire Alta tnont by his Individual performance and the phenomenal speed of his progeny at tracted the attention of horsemen throughout the American continent. Many celebrities of the turf and harness events have since been developed whose reputations have extended far beyond the confines of our state. Climatic and- soil conditions in Oregon are the very best for the production of the finest types of draft horses, carriage horses and the most durable light harness and racehorses that can be found any where. It Is nothing unusual to find two-year-old draft horses weighing . 1G00 pounds. Not only have they the weight, but likewise a development of bone and muscle that makes them the envy of Eastern horsemen. At our recent State Fair the Oregon-bred Percheron Moco was awarded the grand championship for the bopt draft stallion of any breed. Since then this same horse has won the grand championship at the great horse show given under the auspices of the Port land Hunt Club, thus demonstrating the superiority of the Oregon horee. A trip through the farming districts will quickly impress one with the qual ity and character of the draft horses pro duced In this state. Many a farmer dur ing the past few years has realized from $1100 to $S00 Tor a team of these horses. This is almost like finding money. The colt is usually broken when a two-year-old, and by the time he is four, a salable aso, he has earned for his owner prac tically all he has cost. Our farmers arc certainly to be congratulated for the ex cellent progress they are making in the improvement of the draft stock of the country. There are dozens of stallions throughout the state that have cost them $1000 each. This ppeaks well for their en terprise, 4nd is also a true indication of the grand uarvest of draft horses to ma terialize in thevfuture. Equally good results have been attained In the field of the light harness horse. Oregon has produced horses which have earned a National reputation. Among them are Chehalis, Alteo, Klamath, Par rott, Jane L. and many others. With out doubt the finest cavalry horses in the world are raised on the hills and -plains of Kastern Oregon. Horses from this sec tion have the finest of limbs and fe;t and possess- wonderful powers of endurance. Under such climatic and soil conditions the very best of light harness and saddle horsey" can bo produced. Practically every condition favortiblo for the production of all Classen of horses prevail in this stat. thus showing conclusively that there is a very wide field of opportunity for the horsebreeding industry. The field of opportunity for the breed ing of hlgh-clasu cuttle is equally large and inviting. In this class of livestock the breeders have won a National reputa tion. Such an linn Is as Kolando, Ixretta D. and Orange Blossom, of Fairview III, have by their showing and achievements won National fame. The same enterprise which ' characterizes our draft-honse breeders Is found even to a greater de gree among our cattle brooders. With out doubt the largest and most valuable herd of Jersey cattle in the world Is maintained at Portland, and it Is a cmdit to the State of Oregon. It Is doubtful if there is a state In the I'nion that can boast of as many high-class herds or cat tle in proportion to the populntion as can Oregon. This is pre-eminently a cattle country. The whole of the Oregon coun try west and much of it east of the Cas cades is Ideal for dairying. It is not un common for herds of dairy cows to yield a gross return of $100 a cow annually. There are millions of acres in thee sec tions, and with modern tillage each acre can be made to supply the rough feed for ono cow, thus making a gross return of $.0 an acre annually. What Is true of the dairy cow is equal ly tru of tho beef animal. We have many first-class herds of the beef breeds, some that have -earned a National repu tation. Thre are two general systems of grow ing beef cattle In this state. The more general is the raising of cattle on the range aiid selling them as beef direct from the range, or selling them as feed ers, or finishing them on alfalfa and wild hny and selling them for beef in the late Winter or early Spring. Many fodders depend wholly upon alfalfa hay to finish their beeves. However, a slight supple mentary grain rationjSuch as ground bar ley or headed wheat materially improves the quality of the beef. In the southern portion of " the state much grassfed beef is produced for 'the Spring and early -Summer market. There Is a steadily growing field of op port unity for th small farmer to make good returns from well finished stall fed beef. Tho. demand for a better quality of beef, even better than can ordlnarny b produced in range districts is steadily growing. The beef market is gradually becoming more diserlTuiimting and tho well finished beef will cnmnwi a price that is encouraging c the producer. krevv Is pre-eminently a sheep coun try. The world cannot produce better long-wool sheep than can be produced in Western Oregon. Here we have every condition for the production of tho hlgh est types of these sheep. They are large with good character and excellent fleeces. There is no doubt the day will come when this section will be generally recognized as the breeding ground of the best long ,wool sheep on the continent. There is now a golden opportunity for a great number of farmers to engage in the pro duction of pure-bred, long-wool sheep for . the range districts. The middle woris also do well in this section. There ;..e a number of noted flocks maintained -in Western Oregon. Many of the breeders have shown great enterprise in securing very hUh-class sheep to head their flocks. A number of winners at world fairs have found their way to this section. The field for mutton production -s equally inviting. With the luxuriant growth of clover, vetch, alfalfa, rape and kale this section cannot be excelled for the 'economical production of high-class mutton. With proper systems of Winter feeding the small farmer can secure ex cellent returns from a small flock of mut . ton sheep. They do not require expen sive buildings for the long-wools do best In the open field. Sheep husbandry in Eastern Oregon Is conducted upon a much larger scale than In Western Oregon. Here Is where the flockmHSter . counts his sheep by the thousands. Wool is beld above mutton in this section. Where large flocks are maintained there is no breed that excels the merino. They are healthier and herd better than any other breed under simi lar conditions. - Merino blood is predomi nant in practically all of the flocks of this -section. There are a num,ber oC noted flocks of pure-bred sheep main tained as stud flocks. Hay creek is the home of one of the largest nd most valu able flocks of the Ramboullleta in the world. There are over 3,000.000 sheep kept in Eastern Oregon. The surplus animals are mainly sold as stock sheep and are taken to the Middle States and fattened on corn for the Eastern markets. Many, however, are fattened at home for the local markets and Coast trade. 'It would be better if a larger proportion were fat tened at home. The great wheat produc ing belt of the Columbia basin Is well adapted to mutton production. Instead of the bare fallow much better results in the long run would accrue from grow ing rape "and peas and feeding these to sheep. In this way a perpetuity of pro duction would be insured; thus farming in this section would be placed upon a more stable basis. This state is capable of maintaining 2,000,000 goats. Goats are the most eco nomical livestock .found on the farm, wherever there is brush land. They not only destroy the brush and thus help the farmer to clear his land, but at the same time yield a handsome revenue from mo hair. A well-graded band of goats will yield from 51 to $2.50 annually for their fleece. The mohair generally produced In this state is of a high-grade and in good demand In Kastern factories.- The following letter written by a large Massa chusetts plush manufacturer to an Ore gon correspondent, a few years ago. TILLAMOOK CHEESEMARERS By Fred C. Baker. Kdltor Tillamook Headlight. ISKTEEX HUNDRED AND SEVEN was the banner year for cheese making- in Tillamook County, as well as for high prices for this prod uct, many of the dairymen making J100 a cow from their dairy herds, and half a million dollars came into the county from the manufacture of cheese. Considering that the dairymen raise most of their own feed for their herds, and do not have to buy mill feed, this is a remarkable and flattering record for Tillamook as a dairying section. The great demand for Tillamook cheese the whole "year, with not enough to supply the demand at times, and with little fluctuation in price, made this possible. This accounts for tfie general pros perity among dairymen in Tillamook, most of whom have bank accounts to pay their bills with checks, while many have money to loan. In brief, this Is how the dairymen in Tillamook County are situated after several years of suc cessful and profitable dairying. They own valuable dairy farms which as sure them a safe and independent liv ing every year, for there are no crop fallurts, no cyclones, no blizzards, no severe cold, no intense heat to be con tended with in Oregon. In every sense of the word the Coast counties of Ore-goi- are ideal for dairying, admirably adapted by climatic conditions to,pro duco cheese and butter of splendid flavor and which is always at a premium on the market. On this account Tillamook County Is an exceedingly interesting and pros perous section of Oregon, for it was by true Western grit, hard work and per severance that the sturdy settlers made this the great cheese-producing county of Oregon, turning primeval forests witn trees of Immense growth into beautiful green meadows, where large dairy herds graze the year around. Although it took years of hard toll to bring this about, it is certainly won derful how Tillamook County has de veloped with so sparse a population and without railroad, connections, and LIVESTOCK Many Years Has Cattle and Sheep. plainly Indicates the quality of the mo hair grown in this state. , Wa have received from 'you a sample lot -of mohair. The one fleece sample Is extra long, well bred, white stock, -and would class as pure breed, equal to the best Turkey mohair, which is an exceptional thing to say of American mohair. This fleece Is a little heavy In grease, so that in scouring it will shrink a little more than the average Tur key mohair. As to fineness -of quality. It Is medium fine. Regarding- the balance of the sample lot. the condition is extra good, average length, seven Inches. It has all the characteristics of the purest Turkey mohair. It is soft, white, lustrous stock, strong in the staple and elastic, and Is free from oil. It Is finer In fiber than average Turkey mohair. We are not comparing this with other do mestic hair; only with the best bre.. Turkey hair, and it Is only-by very careful selection Dut of a good many bales of the best Tur key that we would pick out a number of fleeces that would be as good as this sample lot of fleeces.- If the climate and feed of Oregon wlll permit the goats from which this mohair was taken to retain the quali ties which have been bred in them, the re sult will nurpass anything that we have yet seen In the way of American bred Angoras. "We believe that we have already received, or have on the way to us, more than half of all the best Arfterican mohair "that 'has been sheared this Spring:, and. it has been very satisfactory to us to find so much im provement in quality In many of the '.are lots, and .such exceptional success as we find in the sample lot you have just sent us, and in similar lots which we have re ceived from other growers who have asked us for an expert opinion. The value of this mohair Is 43 cents. We would instantly close a trade for 100.000 pounds of the same quality at the same price. , Since this letter was written an Ore grort goat has been sold at public auc tion at Kansas City for $800, which numerous transportation difficulties to be, 'contended with. Yet with patient, plodding, individual and united effort, Tillamook County has gained a reputation for cheese making that is known all over the Pa cific Coast. The salt air, cool climate, abundance of green feed and pure mountain water are some of the prin ciple features which help to give Til lamook cheese a rich, peculiar flavor not to be found in' cheese manufac tured in less favored sections of the country. A more intelligent and in dustrious class of farmers cannot bo found anywhere in Oregon than in Tillamook. They commenced by pack ing butter in tubs and sending it to Portland whenever an opportunity pre sented itself. The advent of the cream cry soon brought about a wonderful change, and since then the industry has increased every year. A few of the large creameries, when the largest flow of milk was on. manufactured a ton of cheese every day. There are about 41 creameries, large and small, in the county, while a num- ber of individual dairymen do their own manufacturing. These factories are scattered ail over the county, so that it is but a very little distance that dairymen have to drive to a factory. Moat of these are co-operative .con cerns, and the patrons are paid once a month for the amount of buttter fat shipped in. Tillamook County cam boast of a number of experienced cheescmakers who have helped to make Tillamook cheese what it is today. Complete returns of the actual amount of cheese manufactured, and the returns therefrom, in Tillamook County for 1907 will not be available Name of Factory Maple Leaf Creamery Tillamook Creamery Clover Leaf Creamery Fatrview Dairy Association Three Rivers Creamery Meda Co-operative Creamery Pleasant -Vai'ey Creamery Aider Vale Creamery Long Prairie Brick Creamery Total . The average price received for cheese for shows how our groats are regarded by breeders at a distance. . . , There is no state where the hog is a better mortgage-lifter than he is in Oregon. It is simply amazing; that the industry has not made a better devel opment. Not only can the hogs be grown economically, but the product is of the highest quality. The wheat and barley fed pork, of this state equals the best pork produced in Canada and Denmark, which tops the markets of the world. Danger from disease i very remote here. This Is due to the fact that the hog can get green, succu lent feed throughout the year. Stock hogs can be wintered easily on kale and roots with a small supplementary grain feed, which need cost but little. Kale will yield from 20 to 40 tons of green feed an acre, and in western Ore gon it can be fed at least nine years in every ten from the open field all Winter. It uas been demonstrated at the Ore gon Agricultural College Experiment Station that hogs can ue produced for 3 cents a pound, and they rarely sell lower than 6 cents, thus giving a net profit of 3 cents per pound, or $7.50 profit on an averaged sized hog. This is not an ideal corn country, yet with good methods from 20 to 40 bushels an acre can be produced. Many farmers grow annually a few acres of corn - Vnd fatten their hogs witn the product. There is, however, no need for depending upon corn, for TYPICAL CATTLE ? INCH, EASTERN OREGON. barley can be produced economically, and this is even better than .corn for putting on a good finish. Wheat is the ideal fattening food for the hog, but barley is a close second. In fact, when cost is considered, barley is the better. With plenty of cover, vetch, rape, kale, peas and barley, there is no rea son why Oregon should not become as famous for. her bog products as she is for her fine horses, cattle, sheep, goats, wool and mohair. Seventy-two million dollars' worth of farm livestock may seem large, .but this is nothing to what the value of the livestock interests of the state will be at the close of another decade. PROSPEROUS untll the end of January, but what has been done in a few of the factories up to date will prove highly interesting" to those who may desire, to see actual figures from some of the cheese fac tories. We give below returns from five large and four small factories. By the end of the year these factories will have handled a quarter of a million of dollars of the dairymen's money. For Instance, these seven cheese factories have brought $208,276 into tbe county, with December to be added. The Maple Leaf Creamery (a comparatively new factory), located on the Wilson River, received the largest amount of milk, 3,433,795 pounds, which made 365,611 pounds of cheese, for which the patrons received 151,984. This was followed closely by the Tillamook Creamery, one of the first co-operative factories started in Tillamook with 3.243,887 pounds of milk, 348,127 pounds of cheese, 'and a payroll of $49,410. The average price for butter fat paid the dairymen for 1907 was nearly 35 cents per pound in tne large factories and 33 cents per pound in the smaller. The average price for cheese will be a little over 14 cents a pound. Tillamook County never had a more prosperous year than last in the pro duction of cheese, and from a conserva tive estimate of the output from all the other factories in the county, it will amount to $500,000 from the manufac ture of checee alone. Tillamook County also turns out a splendid quality or brick chees. for which there is a growing demand. Following are the amounts of milk received at nine factories, amount of cheese made, and amounts received for the same: Xo. lb. mi:k Dec. 1, '07. 3,433,795 3.243.S87 1.4ti8.773 2,390.713 1.351.755 716.4.17 45S.Oo8 , 432.4S1 202.433 ONE OF TILLAMOOK'S MANY DAIRY HERDS. I No. lbs. Value of checpe product to Dec. 1. '07. Dec. 1. '07. 865.611 $ 81,984.34 348.127 49.410.31 156.712 - 22,131.19 259.6.18 36.SB2.09 146.201 20.492.72 78.999 11,024.35 48.32 6.721.28 46.050 8,503.15 21,580 3.117.38 1.471.218 t208.276.82 .13.638,284 these nla factories is 11.15 cents per pound. RANGE CATTLE A SOURCE Beef Steers Fattened on the Hills and Plains Are Shipped East, West, North . and South- By J. Garfield Crawford. I ' . T ONE TIME in Oregon the beef l ... ,i 1 steer was King. oaay " m Hnfriiv tmo hut still cattle-rals- ing is one of the principal industries. Forty years ago,' even less, the Willam ette Valley was known far and wide as a paradise for the cattleman, but the large influx of people from the Eastern states; in this now famous garden spot, drove the cattlemen over the Cascade Mountains to the plateaus and valleys of Eastern Oregon and here is where the range wranglers have rested. The Blue Mountain district of Eastern Oregon is an ideal cattleman's country. The mountains are rough with an occa sional small valley of most fertile soil, where nhe cattleman can build himself a home and raise plenty of hay to feed his stock through the winter months. These mountains, like a large part of the rest of the eastern division of the Cascades are peculiarly adapte'd to the 6tock in- dustry, and beyond a doubt always will be a stock country. In Baker, Wallowa. Union, Umatilla, Morrow, Grant, Wheeler, Malheur, Crook, Harney, Gil liam, Sherman and Lake Counties, there is a great deal of grazing land that never can be used for agricultural purposes, and in these counties the stock busi ness of Oregon, in years to come, will be one of the state's most valuable as sets. What the stockman of Oregon, wants and needs is a stronger local demand for his product, that is, a market that will take his surplu.s of beef animals at any time they are in condition to be placed on the market, which is not now the case with the counties far removed from the railroads1. More transportation in Ore gon will not hurt the stock business, as is sometimes feared by the cattlemen of the. Interior, but will have a tendency to increase the demand as well as the sup- AVERAGE PRICE OP BUTTER FAT FOR TEX MONTHS IX TILLAMOOK CHEESE FACTORIES. Name of Factory Jan. Feb. Maple Leaf Creamery ...32.2 S4.0 Tillamook Creamery . ...30.4 3o.3 Clover Leaf Creamerv 37.0 Kalrview Dairy Ass'n... 29.4 30.0 Three Rl-eiw Creamery Meda Co-operative Cr'my.... ... Pleasant Valley Creamery Alder Vale Creamery ... Lons Prairie Breck Cr'my Mar. 35.3 33.2 34.7. 34 8 36.0 37.0 Most of the returns for October In this table early to obtain November and December returns, ply. Take, for example, the great Har ney -Valley, which is now the greatest stockman's paradise in Oregon. It is Isolated and far from any means of transportation, and .the naturar conse quence is tliat nothing, broadly speak ing, is produced in this fertile valley that cannot walk to market, so cattle, sheep and horse raising are tho principal in- 1 d us tries. This valley is surrounded by a rough mountainous country that will never ' be cultivated and will furnish summer range for as many stock as are now piipduced in this region and the cat tle can be and will be fed during the Winter in the valley, where wild hay grows in unlimited quantity. . When such immense concerns as Miller & Lnx. who own township after township from the Snake river, on the northeast ern border of the state, to the California line on the south, are divided up and their range and ranches stocked, and handled properly, this land will graze nearly one-third more stock than it does at the present time. Give Harnejj and Crook counties a railroad with a terminus In a city like Portland, with a packing plant that is capable of handling the thousands of head of cattle that these two counties turn oft each "year, and this business will thrive In these localities as it never has before. The large percentage of Malheur and Harney County stock go East, as this Is the natural ' course and drive at the present time. The cat tle are . gathered Into the Harney and Malheur Valleys and driv down the Malheur to Ontario, on the Oregon "Short Line, and loaded aboard cars for the stockyards of Chicago and Kansas I Citv. A drawback to the Eastern market I (- Ant is that it only calls for stock once year and is generally supplied after the Fall round-up, which allows the cattle man to realize only once a year on his Investment. The forest reserve policy, if carried out as dictated by the Federal Gov ernment, will do much . to perpetuate the cattle business in Oregon, as well as all other live-stock industries. It furnishes a Summer range for all kinds of stock and saves the range from the land-grabbers and big stockmen can not' hog it all. It also does away with the range wars that Oregon was yust about to become famous for. It is a fact well known to many res idents of Eastern Oregon that not many years ago a man took big chances when he moved into many of our stock raising communities and announced his intention of going into the same busi ness. Many men have been ordered put of Harney. ' Crook .and Malheur Coun- Photo by Sigsbee, Heppner, Or. ties, who went there to settle upon a piece of land and go into business for themselves. If they refused to go, they received all kinds of threats an humiliations. I have been told by more than one man in the Harney Valley that this condition existed in these counties only a few years ago. The condition Is entirely different now. It has been proved that the range is capa ble of supporting more stock , than were grazed on it during ,those times. Range land will support double the amount of stock when it is relieved from grazing about the last of October and -not used until May of the fol lowing Spring. This .is the Govern ment's policy. It keeps stock oft the grass when it is weak, thus giying.it a chance to get a good start and gain a new foothold. The valleys along the streams will produce enough hay to Winter-feed all the cattle the moun tains and "scab land" will graze in Apr. .14.8 3H.0 SS. 3 30 35.8 S.1.3 a s May. June .13.0 84.2 34.0 33.8 33.1. 31.5 31.5 32.2 32.0 July 3.1.5 34.3 .14.5 3.1.5 33.0 3.1.5 32.5 . 3.1 0 33.0 Aur. 35.3 35.2 36.2 34.4 35.0 34.0 32.0 3.1.5 30.0 Sept. 36.2 35 4 .16.2 35.0 34.3 .13.5 30.0 33.5 34.0 Oct. .15.0 34.0 34.5 34.6 3.1.0 3t.O 30.0 33.0 33.0 too 3.V7 as. 8 34.0 85.1 31.7 3.1.5 34.0 31.7 are estimated, and It is the Summer, and this phase of the stock industry is becoming generally accepted among the stockmen of Oregon. The Wallowa Valley Is the great feeding ground for Wallowa County and is capable of supporting one-third more stock than it is now feeding. Umatilla.' Morrow, Gilliam and Sher man Counties are the feeding grounds for a large share of the beef cattle that now supply the state's demand. These cattle are bought in Crook, Har-" ney, Grant and Wheeler Counties in the Fall and driven into the stubble fields and alfalfa lands along the creeks to fatten for Spring delivery. Thous ands or. head ol cattle are fed everyS Winter on Butter and Willow Creeks in Umatilla and Morrow Counties." The stockmen of the Paulina country in Crook County, and as far south as Riley, in Harney, sell their Fall feed ers mostly to Morrow County cattle men, as do those of Spray, Wheeler County, and those of northwestern Grant county. Of the 700,000 head of range cattle in Oregon, about 200,000 are turned oft for beef each year, netting the stock men close to $5,500,000. Owing to the lack of transportation facilities through Central Oregon, the herds of the south ern part of the state are driven south to California and Nevada. For the Al vord and Denio country, Winnemucca, Nevada affords a marketing point and many thousands of Oregon cattle and sheep find their way to the markets of OF WEALTH of Eastern Oregon Climate Is Ideal. the East on board the cars from this place. All kinds of stock are found in the fteins Mountains, which country is recognized by stockmen to be one of the greatest grazing sections in the state and able to sustain in good shape a great many more stock than are pas tured there at present. The Owyhee Valley and ' tributaries are famous grazing spots and the pres ent market point "is Boise, Idaho. If the Oregon Central railroad were built across the state from Vale to Natron, these cattle would be marketed in Portland and Instead of the raw ma terial being sent East, Oregon woutd receive the benefit of the finished pro duct. Baker and Union Counties play their part in this industry and market many thousand cattle every year in Port land and Seattle. The Burnt River and Powder River Mountains are Sum mer ranges for the Valleys of the sama name and also furnish range for the ranchers of the Grande Ronde Valley. The past year has been in the stock man's favor, so far as range conditions go, and if the market were at all sat isfactory, the stockmen would record one of the most successful years In the history of the industry in Oregon. Forest flres have recently destroyed thousands of acres of grass in the Cas cade Mountains each year and laid low many millions of feet of Oregon's best timber. These fires would not be half so prevalent if the stock industry were allowed to flourish in these sections. The grass would be eaten down and not allowed to dry up to help spread fires. Stock do not injure forest tree, and this fact has been thoroughly proved In the Blue Mountains. Lum bermen, after they have acquired titb to land, desire that it be grazed as protection against flres. A bigger and stronger local mark will again bring Southern Oregon into the cattle business as strongly as It was In years gone by. The Siskiyou and Cascade Mountains are capable of supporting many times the number of cattle that are at present ranging upon their slopes. WILL MAKE CITY LIVESTOCK CENTER ' Portland's New Country Club to Have Buildings and Grounds Specially Arranged for Exhibit tlon Purposes. By Tom Richardson. Manacer of the Port land Commercial Club. WHILE people of the Pacific North west disagree about many things they are a unit in declaring that the Lewis and Clark Exposition was the supreme success- of all such efforts in this part of the United States: and they further agree without a dissenting voice" that the livestock show at that Exposi tion was its crowning feature. Since the Exposition the business men and property holders of Portland, co operating with those engaged in the live stock industry throughout this section of the United States, have determined that no one move is so absolutely necessary fdr "the development of this section as an annual live stock show to be held in Portland, and of sufficient importance to attract International attention and bring here the best horses, cows, sheep, goats and swine bred upon the American con-, tinent. On three different occasions the busi ness men have organized and appointed special committees on location, but they failed Xo get exactly what was desired until the present Ideal site In the north eastern part of the city was chosen, and all agreed that from every possible stand- . point it approached perfection. A tract containing eighty-seven acres was there fore bought and paid for and is to re main forever freo from debt or incum brance of any kind. A mile track is now being constructed and will be ready for Spring training; stables will also be constructed during the early months of 1908. The amphitheater, clubhouse and other buildings will be built upon the crest of a hill, overlooking the track. Audience therefore can see the feet of every horse at every inch of the entire track, and the sun will shine over the crest ot the hill and not in the faces of the spectators. The site commands a magnificent view of Portland and much of the surrounding country, including a horizon crowned by the towering snow-capped peaks, Hood, St. Helens, Adams, and Rainier; the drainage is about as near perfect as it could possibly be. Taken all In all, the home of the Portland Country Club and Live Stock Association could not well be improved upon regarding its availability, and when -the builders and landscape gardeners get through with it it will be a place in which all of the people of the Pacific Coast can take a genuine and sincere pride. The success of great outdoor entertain ments always depends upon transporta tion facilities and this is particularly true with livestock shows. The main line of the O. R. & N. Company runs within a few feet of the grounds and a short spur will put the stock; upon the grounds, an arrangement which will be appreciated by stockmen. The Portland Railway, Light & Power Company has a franchise for a double track into the grounds, and from the heart of the city vast crowds can be moved in from 16 to 20 minutes. To accommodate automobllists ' and horsemen a splenflld driveway known as "The Alameda" will connect with' the city boulevard system, making the drive through the grounds one of the very best obtainable either in the city or its suburbs. The business men of Portland are In tensely in earnest in their effort to make Portland a great livestock center, and of the $ir.O,O0O of stock subscribed over 3100,000 has been paid in in cash ar.d purses "amounting to 340,00 have been voted for a livestock show to be held during the Fall of 1908. M. D. Wisdom was sent as a delegate to the Inter national Livestock Association meeting held in Chicago, to arrange for dates, which it is hoped will be In September. At that meeting he met the officers of the different breeders' associations and was assured co-operation and assistance and additional prizes wnlch will probably make the total $50,000. or one of the most important livestock shows held on this continent. The local or city part embraced especi ally in the Country Club features offers a variety of fascinating entertainments that will keep the grounds a busy scene for at least eight ' months in the year. Portland is fortunate in counting among Its automobile enthusiasts some of its best citizens, and in having a splendid Hunt Club, which pYoved its mettle in a Horse Show in 1907, which has not been equalled anywhere West- Both Swift and Armour own large tracts of land at Portland and. are ar ranging for the building of enormous packing houses. This means the develop- . ment of the livestock industry in the Pacific Northwest upon a splendid scale. With an abundance of pure water, a mild climate and green grasses, the stockgrower will find his Eden here, and to hasten the day the Portland Country Club and Livestock Association has been organized- .