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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Feb. 28, 1907)
THE MORNING OKEGOXIAN, THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 28, 1907. SUBSCRIPTION RATES. ET INVARIABLY IN ADVANCE. By Mall.) Tally, Sunday Included, one year $S 00 Tally, Sunday Included, six month!. ... 4 25 Dally, Sunday Included, three month!.. 2.25 Dally. Sunday Included, one month 78 I'ally. without Sunday, one year 600 Dally, without Sunday, six montha 8.23 Dally, without Sunday, three month.. ITS Dally, without Sunday, one month 0 Sunday, one year 2-50 Weekly, one yttT (iBIUed Thursday)... 1.60 Sunday and Weekly, ono year 8.S0 BY CARRIER. Dally, Sunday Included, on year 8 00 Pally, Sunday Included, one month TJ HOW TO REMIT Send poatofflce money eider, express order or personal check on your local bank. Stamp, coin or currency r at the eender' risk. Give postofttce ad dress in full, including county and atata. POSTAGE RATES. Entered at Portland, Oregon, Postofflca a Second-Class Matter. SO to 14 Page 1 " 18 to 28 Page 8 cent 0 to 44 Page 3 cent 46 to 60 Page cent Foreign Postage, double rate. IMPORTANT Tha postal laws are strict. Newspaper on which poBtage Is not fully prepaid ar not forwarded to destination. EASTERN BUSINESS OfTlCE. Tha 8. C. Beckwith Ppeclui Agency New Tork, room 4S-S0 Trtbun building. Chi cago, room 610-512 Tribune building. KEPT ON SALE. Chicago Auditorium Annex, Postofflc New Co., 178 Dearborn street. ft. Paul, Minn. N. St. Marie, Commercial Station. Colorado Springs, Colo. Western New Agency. Denver Hamilton & Hendrlck, 000-912 Seventeenth street; Pratt Book Store, 1214 Fifteenth street; 1. Welnstein; H. P. Han sen. Kansas City, Mo. Rlcksecker Cigar Co, Ninth and Walnut. Minneapolis il. J. Kavanaugh, SO South Third. Cleveland, O James Pushaw, SOI Su perior street Atlantic City, X. J. Ell Taylor New York City U Jones & Co., Astor House; Broadway Theater News Stand. Oakland, Cul. W. H. Johnson, Four teenth and Franklin streets; N. Wheatley; Oakland News stand. Ogden D. L. Boyle, W. O. Kind, 111 Twenty-fifth street Hot Springs, Ark. C. N. Weaver St Co. Omaha Barkalow Bros., 1612 Farnam: Mageath Stationery Co., 1308 Farnam; 240 South Fourteenth. Sacramento, Cal. Sacramento New Co., 4oW K street. Salt Lake Moon Book Tk Stationery Co., Rosenfcld & Hansen. Los Angeles B. E. Amos, manager seven street wagons. San Diego B. E. Amos. Long Uracil. Cal B. E. Amos. Pasadena, Cal. A. F. Horning. San Francisco Foster & Orear, Ferry News Stand; Hotel St. Francis News Stand; L. Parent, N. Wheatley. Kureka, Cal. Call-Chronicle Agency. Washington, I). C. Ebbitt House, Penn sylvania avenue. Norfolk, Va. Jamestown News Co. Pine Bfsrb, Vs -W. A. Cosgrove. Philadelphia, 1'a. Ryan's Theater Ticket Office. PORTLAND, THURSDAY, FEB. 28, 1907. THEY NEED WATCHING. Tour legislator Is a slippery fowl. He need watching. The People's Lobby is an organization of New York citizens which makes it a special business to keep a sharp eye on him. It was orig inated by a committee of metropolitan i lawyers, wno nad noticed for some J years the delicate Insinuation of rail- j road legislation into the statute-book, ( by ways that were dark. Laws of the titmost importance crept though the Legislature under false names. They went -in as harmless amendments or riders; they emerged as fundamental ... changes. They were Introduced as In nocent or even beneficial measures par ticularly designed to benefit the public; they came out as grants of enormous privileges to special Interests. The committee of lawyers determined to do their best to stop this nefarious prac tice, and one of them, Mr. Julius Henry Cohen, devised the People's Lobby to accomplish the end The People's Lobby of New Tork gives Its services free to the public to prevent paid legislators from robbing the public. Its very existence ought to be an insult to the Legislature, and doubtless some of the members say that It Is; just as some Congressmen say that Mr. Roosevelt's checks upon the land thieves are an insult to the entire West. But, insult or not, the lobby froes serenely on and does Its work. Many thieving bills it has smit ten with blight in the nascent bloom of their youth. Many corporation leg islators it has retired to the contem plative 6hades of private life, there to meditate upon their sins and reap the fruits of repentance. The Citizens' I.'nlon of New York co-operates with the- lawyers In maintaining the lobby, which keeps a secretary at Albany while the Legislature is in session and attains its ends chiefly through pub licity. Publicity is what the shady legislator dreads above all other things. He loves a secluded nook. He seeks by preference a modest veil of darkness. In this he resembles the violet. The ' People's Lobby rudely tears away his veil and persecutes him with the ray of an electric searchlight. The secretary makes an abstract of every new bill which affects the. inter ests of New York City. Thls abstract is ready within an hour after the prom ising infant has been born into the Legislature, and goes promptly to the newspaper correspondents. One of the favorite devices of the corporate plun derers is to slip bills through the Leg islature secretly. The lobby makes this impossible. As soon as the newspapers publish the abstract of the bill the re i forming organizations of the city get busy. The Citizens' Union holds it up to scorn. The. People's Institute exe crates It. The City Club pours out upon It the vials of its wrath. All this the newspapers print with big head lines, and to peruse these headlines the '"quaking legislators at Albany do eerl outy Incline. Moreover, the lobby keeps a record of how each legislator votes jpon the various steals as they appear one after the other; and the correspondents send the record back to the newspipere) In his home county. The people read and ponder, and it happens now and; then that some blooming career is nipped because the "unthinking mob" of constituents have made up their minds that they prefer an honest man to a thief or a coward In the legislator. In theory the members of the Legis lature are hired by the people end paid wages to enact laws to promote the general welfare. In practice they com monly enaet laws for the welfare of Borne special gang of plunderers. Hence It becomes necessary for the people to watch their servants. It Is es much a necessity in Oregon as in New York, and perhaps more so. The legislation which waa enacted and whjch failed to be enacted at Salem by the late Legis lature would have been very different from what it actually was had there been a vigilant people's, lobby on the ground to take notes, demand public hearings and publish results. For example, the Legislature Imposed new burdens upon the state to the fcmount of $1,000,000; but It sedulously shunned the selection of new objects of taxation. The additional burden will fall upon the same old and weary shoulders which have ever hitherto borne the weight of taxation. The wealthy corporations escape, as usual. The land barons go scot free. The tim ber magnates luxuriate as of yore in almost complete exemption from taxes. The man whose property is in sight, who is without Influence, who has no money to create influence with, he is the one who must pay this additional million, just as he has paid all the other millions of taxes in Oregon. The Legislature had no bowels of mercy for him; but for the millionaire their com passionate tenderness was limitless. A people's lobby might have changed all this. It might have seen to It that the taxes were laid upon those who were best able to pay them, not upon the man of small property alone. Watched by a people's lobby, the Senate would not have dared to kill the bill of the Tax Commission' to tax public-service corporations on their capitalized net earnings. The defeat of this bill will go down among the black infamies of legislation in Oregon his tory. The corporations in selling al ways compute the value of their prop erty upon capitalized net earnings. Not a Senator at Salem was Ignorant of this. Every man of them knew that the bill was Just. They knew that to defeat it was a piece of outrageous class favoritism. Yet they killed it. Likewise they killed the bill to tax the vast timber holdings which have ac cumulated in private possession. The farmer must pay taxes on his wood lot. For him there is no exemp tion. No cow of his can escape. Not even his wife's chickens are exempt from the tax-gatherer; but the timber magnate, with his million acres, goes scot free. ' This is the kind of Justice that we get from our Legislature when there is nobody on hand to watch Its doings. Certainly If a people's lobby is needed anywhere, it is needed In Oregon. OREGON'S MATCHLESS WATER POWER. Cheap coal, oil and other fuel near the great manufacturing centers of the United States have done much In en abling capital to place on the market at the smallest possible cost for power finished products f.all descriptions. But no other power on earth possesses the economic advantages of that pro vided by Nature in the wonderful waterfalls and rapids of our large streams. The formal opening of the great power plant of the Portland Railway, Light &. Power Company at Cazadero Tuesday is a reminder of the prodigality of Nature in supplying Portland and Oregon with an abun dance of everything needed to make this a great manufacturing city and state. There are vast forests of timber throughout the state, extensive coal de posits within eaey reach north and south of Portland, and at the present time an abundant supply of fuel oil at low prices. But from an economical standpoint none of these power-producing agencies can equal Nature's own, and long after the earth ceases to yield up coal and oil and the forests have vanished, the wheels will turn with the water which flows on forever. The falls of the Willamette were first brought into use In the development of Port land's manufacturing industries, and the demands made on that power have not yet exhausted it. With the addi tion of the mighty power generated at Cazadero we will be guaranteed a re serve which will be sufficient to permit the installation of hundreds of large and small manufacturing enterprises in which cheap power is a necessity. Best of all Is the fact that the mighty plants for harnessing thi3 power have not eVen approached the limit In possi bilities for development along these lines. Tributary to Portland alone is enough of this latent power to operate all of the industries that could be massed in the largest manufacturing city In the United States. What this means for Portland's commercial great ness can be but faintly understood at this time, but it is an asset which will prove Incomparably more valuable than our wonderful forests of the. present day. With the equipment of such power plants as that which was opened Tuesday, Portland will come into its own more rapidly than ever before. MISUSE OF THE OLD FLAG. The halls of Congress have resounded this week with stirring appeals for "the old flag and an appropriation," with the accent heavy on the appropriation. The subsidy-hunters are at the close of a last-citch campaign for a bill which, were It correctly labeled, would state that it provides for the taking of money from the many for still further enrich ing the few. Despite the opportunity which months and years of preparation have given them, the ship-subsidy pi rates have no new arguments to pre sent in extenuation of their proposed raid on the Treasury. The House bill bears as sponsor the name of Repre sentative Littauer, of New York, who, having fathered the vicious measure, felt in duty bound to say something in its favor. Among the wild statements contained in his speech favoring the bill Is this: "The Japanese are subsi-' dizlng their lines heavily, and it is an absolute necessity that we do what we can to keep our trade with the Orient on our side of the ledger." The idea that we must tax ourselves to maintain a costly transportation scheme, which is apparently, unable to stand on its own merits, will not appeal to the common sense of the American people. If Representative Littauer had been familiar with the subject, the ri diculous nature of his Insinuation that granting of a ship subsidy would affect In any way our trade with the Orient would never have been made. Out here on the Pacific, where we are closer in touch with the Oriental trade than is any other portion of our country, we can understand the uselessness of en gaging In the carrying trade so long as we can employ others to do It for less than it would cost us. ,If Mr. Littauer has misgivings about Japan's trade and "our side of the ledger," he may es well get rid of them. There are three Japanese steamships now loading in Portland harbor. They are taking on cargo that was bought by Japanese merchants for delivery at "ship's tackle." The purchasers' of this cargo very properly reserved the right to ship In any kind of craft they cared to send after It. The rates which they are paying and which do not concern the seller beyond the fact that the lower the freight thet higher the price for the goods re lower than have ever been quoted on the Pacific, except dur ing Tjrlef periods when rate wars were on. Instead of hampering or restrict ing our trade, these low rates which the Japanese make actually increase the volume of trade and Improve the showing- on "our side of the ledger." Having brought up the subject of Japanese shipping, Mr. Littauer might have gone a little further into the mat ter. Had he done so he would have learned that this Japanese fleet, which Is now taking such low freight rates, le all British or German-built vessels, which were bought by the Japanese at bargain prices. The first cost to the Japanese of these ships is so low that all of the subsidies which could be squeezed out of the American people for expensive American-built vessels would not equalize the difference in "fixed charges" that will run against the vessels as long as they are in ex istence. If Mr. Littauer is so anxious to com pete with the Japanese, why has he not worked for a hill which would give American citizens the right to buy ships at as low a price as they could be secured by the Japanese and other nations? This method would pre sent some assurance of success in re storing the American flag to the high seas, and It could be put into effect without additional cost to the taxpay ers. The bill before Congress Is simply a raid on the Treasury for the purpose of increasing the wealth of a little band of predatory pirates who wish to build, own or operate ships at a heavier cost than they can be built, owned and op erated by people whose opportunities for Investment are more restricted than our own. WHEN THE SEA GIVES VP THE DEAD. The public already knows the facts about the extraordinary meeting o? the Union Pacific directors last August. A dividend of 10 per cent was declared, but was concealed from the stockhold ers. A panic resulted. The stock fell and it is asserted that Mr. Harrlman and his fellow-conspirators reaped a harvest of many millions by buying it in at a low price and selling It at an enormous advance after the dividend had been made public. The Interstate Commerce Commission Is now investi gating, or trying to investigate, Mr. Harriman; and this queer transaction is one of the things which they have asked him to explain. It was supposed by those who believe that Mr. Harriman sets a high value upon his reputation as an honest man that he would eagerly seize the Oppor tunity to explain 'a deed which looks so black; but. not he. When he was re quested to explain he "declined to an swer." This, it appears, is one of those sacred secrets which our trust masters believe to be unsuitable for the un thinking mob to learn. It comes under that "higher law" which makes robbery holy when It runs up Into the millions and sanctifies theft when it is exten sive enough to endow colleges. - . Always at the critical point when a question would elicit something that really ought to be known, our plunder bloated magnates "decline to answer." The president of our own domestic gas trust was quite In the fashion in this respect when his turn cam.e. He was entirely willing to tell everything that was of no consequence. His tongue was as glib as Sarah Gamp's upon matters of little moment. But when it came to revealing the actual history of the deals by which the gas company bought its franchise from its predeces sor by opening an aqueous fount and causing the streams to gush forth, he "declined to answer." 'He had nothing to tell about the manipulations and piracies which have formed the kernel of the history of the monopoly from Its birth Ho the present time. All this, like Mr. Harrlman's purchase of Union Pacific stock while the dividend was concealed, is included among: the holy secrets of our anointed rulers. Perhaps on the day of Judgment. we shall know all about these sacred mysteries, but if Mr. Adams and Mr. Harriman can have their way about it we shall never know any sooner. THE PANAMA MUDDLE. 1 The magnitude of the task or build ing the Panama Canal'is reflected in the unsettled and unsatisfactory con dition of affairs now coming to lights When the plan of letting the great work, out by contract was proposed and practically accepted, there was reason for believing that the last great obsta cle to early and economical construc tion had been removed. But simultane ously with the retirement of Chief En gineer Stevens comes the announce ment that all bids on contracts will be rejected and the Government will un dertake to put the work through under the direction of its own engineers, se lected from the regular service. It is, of course, immaterial to the people, who are anxious to have the canal com pleted, what methods are followed in its construction, so long as the work is done, 'but the experience of the Gov ernment with work handled under di rect Government supervision, has not been, as a rule, such as to inspire the confidence of the people with a belief that completion of the canal will be early or economical. .The magnitude of the task was so great that it was impossible to secure any but the, best contractors in the United States to bid or. the work. The bids were rejected because the con tractors of this class were obliged to enter into partnership with the banks in order to secure the financial aid re quired. In order, to secure this capital, the President Is of the opinion that "the contractors who are actually to do the work have arranged to accept a comparatively small proportion of the profits." While this might have been the result of the proposed plan for let ting the work out 'by contract, it must have been satisfactory to the contract ors or they would not have entered into it, and the President's solicitude for their welfare teems hardly warranted So long as these constant shifts of pol icy and plans are continued, and there are such frequent changes in the actual administrative heads ,at the Isthmus, very poor headway will be made. The situation at this time is vastly more pleasing to the enemies of the canal than to Its friends. POTATOES. A recent hulletin on "The Cultivation of the Potato," published by the Gov ernment, contains much interesting in formation alaout this important tuber. In tl favorable year, for example, an acre planted to potatoes will produce four times as much food as any cereal crop, fifteen tons to the acre being sometimes obtained in Germany, where scientific cultivation Is practiced. Of the potato product of the world, about one-half is consumed for, hitman food; the remainder Is disposed of for fodder, In the manufacture of starch, and late ly for the distillation of alcohol. The full value of potatoes for stock feed is not so well known as it should be. They may be fed raw, steamed or dried; but are moot valuable as they come from the ground. Most animals relish them, and they furnish a fair substitute for hay," oil meal and even grain: To cheapen transportation, a cheap drying process is desirable, and, the German farmers having offered arge prizes for the Invention of one that would prove satisfactory, several manufacturers competed. The ma chine which won the first prize costs about $15,000 to erect. The tubers are sliced and subjected to the direct ac tion of a current of heated air. In this an'd similar machines a. hundredweight of potatoes can be dried, for about 5 cents. When dried., potatoes will keep In definitely, so that the process saves much of the crop that would otherwise be wasted; and .they are almost as val uable for fodder as when fresh. Dried potatoes, according to the bulletin, con tain about the same constituents as Indian corn. They would therefore be especially valuable for fattening swine. In Germany the distillation of alco hol from potatoes is an important in dustry. "Thousands of farms owe their existence to these distilleries." Some of it is used for drinks, some for fuel and technical purposes. It can be em ployed like gasoline In motors and also for producing light and heat. "The use of spirits for driving motors, lighting rooms and public places, cooking food and producing heat has a great fu ture." For lighting purposes the al cohol is applied to a mantle like gaso line. For cooking special apparatus has been devised; also for various other domestic uses. One of the most ingenious Is a spirit flatiron which never cools. The bulletin believes that this will prove a great boon to house wives and we concur in the opinion. Nothing Is more trying to the temper than a cold flatiron, and nothing in jures the health worse than a bad tem per. The testimony of Mr. Harriman is the most Interesting story that has come out of New Tork for many days. It will be read, in fact, by a number of people who touched lightly on the Thaw trial. It is of peculiar interest to the people of Oregon, who have at times been wondering why Mr. Harriman did not fulfill some of his promises and build a road down into Central Oregon. In comparison with some of his high finance deals, the Central Oregon prop osition was a good deal like the white chip in the high-rolling poker game. But while it might not 'be large enough to be interesting down on Wall street, there are several thousand settlers who have been waiting in idleness for years for transportation facilities and who regard It of even greater importance than Harriman regards the acquisition of a transcontinental road. There were perhaps thirty or forty subjects upon which there was public demand for legislation In Oregon, yet the members introduced 700 bills. They wasted time on frivolous matters, neg lected some of the most Important measures, defeated many of the bills for which there was most demand, and then made the largest appropriations in the history of the state. The people expected the appropriations to be large, but did not expect the Legislature to adjourn without providing for the taxa tion of classes of property which have heretofore escaped their just proportion of the burdens of government. Now there is a movement on foot to initiate a constitutional amendment which will permit the people to recall public officials who have proved unsat isfactory. In view of the records of a number of the members of -the recent legislative session, such a constitutional amendment would probably be adopted by the people, yet what's the use of re calling a member of the Legislature after he has betrayed the people? Re calling him will not undo his work unless- the Governor calls a special session as soon as the successors of the un faithful have been elected. Secretary Shaw, having taken charge of a Wall-street financial institution, announces that unless the Shaw Presi dential sentiment continues to grow, his name will not be mentioned in the National campaign. If the Secretary had earnestly sought to kill off what few chances he might have had for be coming a candidate, he chose the right course by entering Wall street. The year 1908 will 'be an off season for can didates with Wall-street affiliations. General Smirnoff makes some decid edly sensational charges against Lieu tenant-General Stoeesel, who had to perform the unpleasant duty of sur rendering Port Arthur to the Japanese. It seems to be necessary that some one shoulder the blame for the blundering campaign made by Russia, but nothing in the public narratives of the last days of the siege would seem to warrant the making of a scapegoat out of Stoeasel Those who object to following a trust in order that the Stars and Stripes may float over more ships, says the Satur day Evening Post, "must bear the taunt of lacking patriotism." Old king, craft, it is added, was essentially a sinr pie art. It consisted in amusing the people with National glory, and so keeping their attention diverted from the fact that they were being plun dered. The device has lost some of its force, but it is still tolerably effective. We are convinced at last that Gover nor Chamberlain is in a hole. The Leg telafcure put him there. He may not know it, and people generally do not seem to have recognized the situation, so the announcement is here made. Having been put In a hole by a Legis lature that in the main protected all the special Interests, the Governor should be Informed of the fact. And he should "stay put." The quickest and surest w-ay to cause the repeal of pernicious or meddlesome laws is to enforce such laws to the let ter. By all means let the streetcars. the telephone -service and the Sunday newspapers be stopped in Tacoma, where the campaign for blue laws Is in progress. Dairy Commissioner Bailey shows the value of Oregon dairy products last year to have been $15,000,000. No won der Governor Chamberlain vetoed the bill for a. dairy Inspector, providing a "measly" salary of $1500 a year. The legislator whose record Is such that he must deny being a knave should produce evidence that he isn't a fool, for no one will take hie word for it. Harriman has been too busy grabbing railroads to build a line through Cen tral Oregon. Were a line already built, doubtless he would have grabbed it. Mr. Harriman has but one year more to build his new railroads in Oregon. He Is 59 years old and has prom feed to retire at 60. ANOTHER CURE FOR PNEUMONIA Serum Dlicerered by Italian Scientist Teated With Wonderful Success. Derby (Conn.) Dispatch to the New York World. Dr. George L. Beardslev. of Derbv. Conn., will in the near future contribute an article to the medical journals detail ing an Interesting and successful experi ment with serum called antl-pneumococcic in the treatment of a case of pneumonia. Dr. Beardsley, who for the past 22 years has been medical examiner of the town and until recently health officer, has just declared out of danger as the result of the use of this serum a young woman who had apparently reached the stage where dissolution begins Owing to the prevalence of the disease here and the large number of deaths recently the city is greatly stirred over the outcome of the experiment. Airs. William Dreisow. 31, and the mother of two small children, was the patient. Saturday evening, January 26. Dr. Beardsley was called to attend her. He at once discovered that she was suf fering from pneumonia and began treat ment along the old lines. On the third day the woman's condition became des perate. She had suffered for years from asthma, a fact which made the case even more serious. Hot water bottles were placed about her and a trained nurse was at once sent for. It was evident that the patient was dy ing. She lay in a stupor and could be aroused . with difficulty. The pulse was 168 beats per minute, her respiration 5S, and her temperature 103?;. The stetho scope was applied, to the chest and the right lung was found to be congested, while the left was badly diseased. The physician expressed regret that he was not called earlier and left the house. The clergyman hastened to call the relatives from a distance, and then returned to as sist the nurse. Dr. Beardsley returned to the Dreisow home at noon, bringing with him the latest discovery of medical specialists, antl-pneumococcic serum. He injected two vials of this into her back, under the right shoulder blade, gave directions that the patient should be kept in posi tion on her left side for an hour, and urged the faithful use of all prescribed remedies. In a very short time the patient began to show signs of improve ment. She took nourishment and heart stimulants, and when the physician re turned at 3 P. M. she was decidedly bet ter. Her pulse had dropped 22 beats, her respiration had dropped to 48, and her temperature to 102 degrees. At 8 o'clock that evening still further gains were shown. Her pulse was 137 and tempera ture 101. A second injection of the serum was then given, and the paMent rested comfortably all night, being aroused only to receive medicine and nourishment. This is the ninth day of the disease and the patient's temperature was only one half a degree above normal and her pulse an even 100. The many sudden deaths in Derby dur ing the past few weeks from pneumonia have made this case a notable one. Lo cal reporters have tried to obtain the facts for publication, but Dr. Beardsley declined to be Interviewed. To the cor respondent of the World he admitted that the facts obtained elsewhere were as stated, and reluctantly consented to tell about the new serum. "In the first place." said Dr. Beadsley, "It must be understood that the serum Is responsible for the apparent rajracle. It was discovered by Professor Pane, of the Royal University of Naples, some years ago, and has been used with ex cellent results by Italian and French physicians on the continent. I became interested in it while visiting Paris, but this is the first time I have ever used it, or that it has been used in this sec tion of the country to my knowledge. It has been used at Goldsboro, Md., how ever, with success, there being a record, of only 72 deaths out of 465 cases treated, or a mortality of only 15 per cent. I sent for some of the serum after hearing of the experiments in Maryland. Dr. Osier maintains that the mortality rate for pneumonia runs from 25 to 35 per cent. "It was the celebrated bacteriologist. Dr. William H. Welch, of Johns Hopkins University, who was a classmate -of mine in Yale, who directed the attention of the medical fraternity to the fact that In pneumonia we had a germ at the bot tom of the trouble just as we have in diphtheria and in consumption. It was this discovery that directed attention to the search for a serum for destroying the germ. I am confident that we now have it in this Italian discdvery. It has been recognized for a number of years that pneumonia was contagious. At a recent medical congress held In Turin the value of the serum as a destroyer of .the germ was proved, but after its ad ministration the physician must rely upon the usual treatment to pull the patient out." That Fnlrbankn' Bald-Spot. Washington ID. C.) Herald. A visiting newspaper man In the Sen ate press gallery the other day occupied a seat immediately above the Vice-President's dais. The visitor was surprised by the revelation forced upon his conscious ness by a square look from above at the Vice-Presidential head. It Is a well shaped organ, tout it is utterly devoid of hair at the top. Persons who get only a longitudinal view of the distinguished Hoosier, who was hailed at a great as semblage in Baltimore on Lincoln's birth day as "the next President of the United States," are not aware of his baldness. The reason is that they cannot see the top of his head, and the Vice-President artfully conceals its real condition of hirsute destitution by permitting the hair on the left side of his head to grow long, and this he combs carefully over the wide expanse of baldness. If he did not do this he would be shown as one of the baldest statesmen in the country. As viewed from above, the long.Wsilken fleece seems to be laid with great accu racy over the denuded surface, each hair apparently having been placed separately in its proper position. The length of the hair thus employed must be at least six Inches, whereas the rest of the hair on Mr. Fairbanks' head is kept down to the proper length. By Motor to the South Pole. London Cable to New York World. "To the South Pole by motor car. If this is a dream, the new British South Polar expedition, which will leave this country in October, will try to make it reality. The expedition will be commanded by E. H. Shackleton, who was third lieutenant of the Discovery In the Na tional Antarctic expedition.' He will take with him a powerful automobile. Many polar explorers believe a motor car can be used most advantageously In traveling over great expanses of ice. The car will be modified from the ordinary type, but an automobile it will be, with body, engine and wheels. The Lover Who Ptaonea. Puck. The bards of old In lyric lays The maids of ancient ages Bang, For in those pagan Bacchic days There was no breach-of-promlse tang. Well Iante might his Laura chant In billet-doux with love o'errraugnt. Well might he rave and write hie rant. There was no breach-of-promlse court. But think of Dante In distress, Alive today and of our own. He'd love his laura none the lees. But write? Oh, no, he'd telephone. And thus to all the ages lost His deathless odes had ne'er been writ, But gurgled over wire crossed With "Central" chipping In a bit. And so it 1, as I opine. We've poets great among us still, But prudence says, "Write ne'er a line; Go phone and save the damage bill." Let scoffers not with sneering Jest Proclaim, "We have no bards today," We've Danles', Mlltons and the rest Who phone whate'er they have, to i&r. SHOTS AT OREGON LAWMAKERS. More tVaalr Than Savlnar. Albany Democrat. Members of the Legislature claim that the compulsory pass bill was passed In order to save the taxpayers $20,000 to $40. 000 a year. Mighty little they cared about saving the taxpayers, judging from the manner in which salaries were raised and appropriations increased so high as to make the little on the pass bill an Insig nificant matter. Besides it is probably unconstitutional. Passes Are Overworked. Albany Herald. Perhaps the most unpopular measure passed by the late Legislature was the compulsory pass law. The Herald has endeavored to find some justification for those who supported this measure, and carried their support to the extent of over-riding the Governor's veto, but for a satisfactory explanation, readers will have to be referred to members of the Legisla ture who voted for It. Last June the peo ple voted ror abolition of all passes. The Legislature, through pressure from with out, passed the Chapln bill, which effec tively abolished all passes. Then the anti pass feature of that law was nullified by another act compelling roads to furnish transportation free to all state, district and county officers during their term of office. The fact is the pass business has been overworked in Oregon and the people wanted, and voted in June, to clean It out root and branch. The Legislature has attempted an apology for past practices and left passes, by compulsion, in the hands of the very class the people would see deprived of them. It seemj to be the preponderance of legal opinion that the compulsory pass law, although it contains the "eminent domain" clause, cannot be enforced. If it is it will hardly stand before the people at the next general election. Vale! I.rKlalators. Astorian. The Oregon Legislature has adjourned; the people of the state breathe freely once again, and. casting a critical eye on the sum of the work of 90 men in 40 days, devoutly thank God that affairs are no worse. The acquisition of a Railway Commis sion endowed with fairly liberal authority to correct many, and abate some, of the transportation evils, is the one thing of value out of the interminable . mass and mess. There has been some pretence made to minify the appropriations with the illogical result that the sum of them ex ceeds anything in her history. The ses sion is notorious for the worst organiza tion ever known, and the procedure, gene erally. the most complicated and ineffec tive in long years of assembly record. Neither house has been ably controlled, and if any credit is awardable. it should go to Haines of the Senate, and in re stricted doses at that. There has not been an atom of states manship evinced In any direction; politics of the rankest sort have prevailed always, save when that cult gave place to sec tional domination; and one of the most conspicuous results will come with the new elections, when Republican prestige in Oregon will be found to have suffered irretrievably from the blunders and worse than blunders, of the past 40 days. Daughter of 00 Mourns Aged Father. Ashevllle (N. C.) Dispatch. Frederick Messer. who was the oldest man in North Carolina, recently died near Waynesville. Mr. Messer was 112 years old. He had lived in three centuries and was familiarly known as "Uncle Fred" Messer. The only surviving member of his family is one daughter, who is 90 years of age. A Gnlde to Italy. Catholic Standard and Times. Eh? You are sail for Eetaly? Oh. my I weesh I gon' weeth you! 1 show you all do place to see An' all da besta peopla, too; An avratheeng you want, my frand. So you could know, w'en you are through. All theenga een dat so granda land Oh, my I weesh 1 gon" weeth you! Eh? Sure! I know da lan' so wal I geeve advice bayfore you go; I tal all you want me tal, Wat ees eet you weell like for know? Da churches? No, not Rome, my frand. I tal you eef you want for see Da fines' wana een all da land You wusta go for Napoll. Da music? You are fond of eet? Wal den, baylleve me eef I say Ees no wan play so grand', so sweet l.1ke Banda Napoll ees play. Wat klnda wine? Chlantl! Oh! My frand, you must have taste of dat. Da best ees mak' from grapes dat grow By Napoll. so beeg, so fat Eh? Where da besta peopla leeve? Wall, now I want you com' to me Bayfore you sail an' I weell geeve You names som, frands een Napoll Eh? Where da prltta ladles ees? Ah. my! Ravenna ees da place. Not Napoll, for flndln' dees. Havenna girls ees gotta face So sweet, an' teeth so white as snow, So brighta eyes, so black da hair Ravenna ees my town? Oh, no. My Rosa shee ees com' from dere. You know, I com' from Napoll. Dat's how I know so mooch to tat About da besta theengs to see; You see, I know dem vera wat. Eh ? Wal; good day, my frand. Oh, no, I glad for tal you w'at to do Een Eetaly bayfore you go Oh. my I weesh 1 gon' weeth you! PICKING A DEMOCRATIC "Now, gentlemen, X wish Bryan'Ne"cert IteTerl Independent Voter "Neverl -JKS.TTflfc I I . I IT A XL. . V aWJrfii-'H,Vi I ! I I. '! ' Hearst "Nerer t Never I yOnDJtfJ WHACKS PHRENOLOGY Sara Science off Head Bumpa la Full ot j Flaws and Nonsense. The a latomico-morphological objections to phrei.ology are universally known, and It suffices to mention them briefly, says Dr. Max Nordau, in the Iondon Graphic. The skull Is not an exact reproduction of the brain surface. The brain, lifted out of the cranial cavity and covered with its mebranes, shows no bumps whatever; It Is smooth, unless It contains it pathologi cal tumor. After the meninges have been taken off, one sees manifold circumvolu tions, which may be more or less devel oped, convex or flattened, but rise in no single spot so far above the general level as to form what might be called a bump. Physiology has to say against phreno logy that it supposes an exact localization of the different human faculties in the brain. Now this supposition is far from being proved. Hitzig and Ferrier think they have demonstrated that there are differentiated centers in the cortex of the brain, at least for the muscular contrac tions. Goltz denies even tbs. A consta tation apparently beyond discussion seemed to be that of Broca. according to which the seat of the faculty of speech should he the foot of the third frontal circumvolution. In all the classical works on cerebral physiology you could read during these last 40 years that a morbid condition of the circumvolution of Broca causes aphsia. Now this dogma has just been overturned by Pierre Marie. He. Mouth ier. and Sougues, have shown the brains of three persons that had been stricken for years with total aphasia, yet at whose post-mortem examination no lesion of Broca's circumvolution could be discov ered. By this demonstration the only lo calization of a mental function on the brain surface that seemed certain has be came dubious perhaps has been proved lnexlstent. But the most striking objection to Phre nology is the psychological. The notion that there could be a seat, of say, haughti ness, musical gift, imagination, faithful ness, resolution. Is simply childish. It Is precisely as if an intelligent foreigner came to England and endeavored to dis cover in London the seat of Knglish lib erty, free trade, civic pride, love of sport, spirit of enterprise, respectability, etc. These words express abstractions which are composed of numerous concrete ele ments. The concrete elements may have a determined seat; the abstractions can not have one. Let us take one of those abstractions that Indicate a particularity of human character for instance, resolution. The psychological analysis will show that it Is a mere verbal summary of a whole lot of psycho-physical elements; it implies good memory, facility and quickness of association of ideas, will power, self-reliance, the faculty of rapidly suspending Inhibitions, the whole enveloped In an at mosphere of optimism and habitual hope fulness which admits no doubt of success. Even those composing elements are part ly also abstractions that may be reduced to further concretisms. The organic sub stratum of these divers psychical ele ments are to be looked for in all the sys tems of the body. Integrity of the heart, the lungs, the vessels. the peripheric nerves, is as much a condition of resolu tion, genial mood, or pride, as the normal function of certain glands, the undisturbed circulation of the blood in the brain, the good chemical duality of the brain plas ma, and the absence of tnxines. He who has present In his mind the fact that each particularity of the character is the result of the correct or perverse, energetical or slack working of all parts of the brain, and, in fact, of the whole organism, will not pursue the absurd idea of rendering responsible for them a deter mined portion of the brain, and of expect ing to see and to palpate this portion on the brain surface, or even on the skull. Worth of a Boy'i Life About 400O. . New York World. A new valuation on the life of a 10-year-old boy was made by a jury in the Su preme Court before Justice Ford, In which Mary Netelsky was awarded $3958.33 for the killing of her son Harry. The boy was run over by a wagon owned by the Hudson Coal Company, of New Jersey. January 19, 1904. Verdicts In similar cases have run from $1 to-$10,000. In charging the Jury Justice Ford admon ished them that if they found a verdict for the mother they could award only such sum as the value of the boy's serv ice would be to her up to the time of his majority. The Jury took 15 minutes to consider its verdict, and then awarded Mrs. Netelsky $c958 33. Canada) Oldeat Man la Draft. Ottawa Dispatch in New York Sun. Timothy Collins, ased 111 years, has Just died at Montreal. He was born near Cork. Ireland. In 1796, living in the reluns of five sovereigns. George III. George IV. William IV. Victoria and Edward VII. When he was born Washington was Pres ident of the United States. He lived In New Y'ork City several years, marrying there Miss Brown, of Queen's County, Ireland. Later he moved to Montreal and went Into business there. Collins never used an umbrella In his life. He was a constant smoker, and used to have a smoke before breakfast every morning up to the illness that led to his death. CANDIDATE FOR MAYOR mi m. '1 ii i !; h i mm you to select a candidate." r. "T 1E3I NeTerl" From the Chicago Tribune.