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rifJK MOKJVIJNti OIHSUUJNIAN, SAT UJK DAY, OCTOBER, 6, 1D06.
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PORTLAND, SATURDAY. OCT. 6. 1906.
THE SINS THAT MAKE US MOCKS.
Mr. Rockefeller, through the columns
of the Cleveland Plaindealer, has fa
vored the country with some of hla
Opinions upon business and morality.
These opinions are important What
Mr. Rockefeller says about business de
serves weighty conaideration because
he is the most successful man of busi
ness of his generation. He has ac
cumulated the largest private fortune
of any man now living, and he has
done it by methods which are original.
Before he achieved his innovations, the
art of destroying competitors by the
rebate, the secret combination, the
control of common carriers and the de
bauchery of the courts was almost un
known. Mr. Rockefeller may not de
serve the full credit of Inventing this
method, but to him belongs the glory
of perfecting It and applying It upon a
great scale to commercial enterprise.
Upon the question of trusts, combina
tions and piratical commerce In all Its
phases Mr. Rockefeller is acknowledged
by the whole world to be a great au
thority whose wisdom combines the ad
vantages of profound theory and suc
cessful practice.
The Interview In the Plaindealer re
fers particularly to the late exposures
of dishonesty and fraud in American
business, and to the legislation enacted
by Congress to control the monopolies.
Mr. Rockefeller has not a word to say
about the gain to morality, decency,
commercial freedom and the public
health through these laws. All euch
things are to him of no consequence.
"Whether they flourish or fade matters
not to this great religious and economic
authority. What he sees and laments
In the -effect of this legislation and the
exposures which preceded it Is the
check they have given to what he calls
"development." He says the rate bill
and the meat-Inspection law "limit op
portunity and therefore check develop
ment." In a certain sense this Is true; but
these laws limit no opportunity which
any man may rightfully claim, and
they check no development which Is for
the general welfare. Laws against
burglary limit certain opportunities; so
do laws against murder and arson.
They limit the opportunities and enter
prise of large numbers of men and
check the development of Industries
which would otherwise flourish amaz
ingly. But is the country worse or bet
ter off for them? Likewise the rate
statute limits the opportunity of men
like Mr. Rockefeller to absorb the busi
ness and ruin the industry of their
rivals through discriminations and se
cret rebates; but will the community
in general suffer because such devel
opment as that of Standard Oil and the
beef trust is checked? In the book
which Mr. Rockefeller professes to
make his rule of life it is intimated
that tho man, or the nation, who gains
the whole world and . in the process
loses his own soul makes a bad bar
gain. That sort of development which
sacrifices honor, confidence, honesty
end all the goodly relatione of human
- kind for the sake of profit kills the soul
end obliterates the best life of the na
tion. The American people have decid
ed that the eternal laws of truth and
justice are of more consequence than
business, and when driven to choose
between secret sin and the loss of
money they confessed the sin and bore
the loss.
The revelations in the beef trust and
insurance investigations have injured
American trade abroad; there is no
doubt of it; and it will take a long time
to recover the lost ground. But it is
curious to hear a devout disciple of or
thodox religion like Mr. Rockefeller la
menting this national return to the
ways of righteousness because it has
cost money. "Seek ye first the king
dom of God and his righteousness and
ell these things shall be added unto
you," says the book which. Mr. Rocke
feller's Sabbath school studies year in
end year out. Was it the exposure of
the beef trust which harmed their busi
ness, or the thing exposed? Had there
been no rottenness in the business.
could exposure have injured it? And
since there was rottenness, which was
better, to leave it to fester or expose it,
take the consequences and build up
anew on a foundation of honesty? The
wages of sin, Mr. Rockefeller's Bible
-tenches. Is death. In business those
wages take the shape of financial ruin
The law Is as sure as fate, as lnevlta-
Mt as day: and night. This Nation has
sinned. "All we like sheep have gone
astray," to quote again Mr. Rockefel
ler's Bible. The road back to rectitude
Is steep and rocky, but travel It -we
must and shall; and, with our feet once
established In the straight and narrow
way of honesty which ls-inentloned In
one of Mr. Rockefeller's golden texts,
who will be sorry for the bitter experi
ence that drove us from the by and for
bidden paths of embalmed beef and se
cret rebates? Shall we not then all
Join In singing that good old hymn:
I hate the pins that made me mourn?
JANUARY AND MAT.
An old man who marries a young
wife is admitted to bo a fool. Ever
since there was such a thing as satire
he has been its butt. Still, he is not
always a fool. Young women In gen
eral like to trip the light fantastic toeN
and divert themselves with gauds and
kickshaws, but some of them like qui
etude and sweet meditation. For such
women a marriage with an old man is
not necessarily folly on. either side.
Young wives of old men have been
known to pass their years in a placid
happiness which made them the envy
of all tKe neighbors; but, for all that,
such happiness Is for the exceptional
woman. As a rule the girl whe marries
an old man must expect to suffer for it.
But the girl who marries a young
man must also expect to suffer for It.
Between being an old man's darling
and a young man's slave there- is only
a choice of evils, and sometimes the
choice Is dubious. The probabilities
are against an old man making a sat
isfactory husband; but it is by no
means certain that every young man
will make a good one. Old men are for
the most part too staid and prosy to
suit young wives; but young men are
not seldom too gay and frisky to suit J
the family fortunes. Between a sexa
genarian who loves quiet and has
plenty of money and a youth of twenty
who loves gaiety and lacks the where
withal to keep the wolf from the door
a maiden may be pardoned for hesitat
ing. If she chooses January instead of
May, few really blame her.
It is the old man who is blamed. If
his young wife makes a fool of him,
flouts his affection and wastes his
money, nobody pities him. Yet Brown
ing could make us pity such an one.
There is no pathos truer or more heart
breaking than that of his Andrea del
Sarto blinded and patient under the,
slights of his giddy wife. Age is sec
ond childhood, and may be expected to
repeat the follies of childhood in other
forms. As little boys fall in love with
old women, so old men fall In love with
girls. In either case they grasp vainly
for a happiness which Is beyond their
reach. He Is happiest at any age who
accepts the limitations and powers set
for him by nature and lives out his life
to its full capacity, not striving for the
impossible. Chaucer laughed at the old
man with a young wife. Fielding ridi
culed the old woman in love with a
young man. January and May are
ever ill-mated, though the snow does
not always chill the flowers of Spring.
If a man and a woman love each other,
let them get married, no matter if he
Is a hundred and she is sixteen; If they
do not love, then woe unto them, no
matter what their ages may be.
IN TRAINING FOR THEIR VOCATION.
The educational authorities of Yel
lowstone County, Montana,'- have decid
ed that a proper mission of the public
schools of an agricultural district is to
teach agriculture. Pursuant to this de
cision, a course in this oldest of indus
tries is to be arranged for the Billings
schools, study of which will, it Is be
lieved, make life on the farm more at
tractive and lend a new interest to the
ranges that form the basis of the
greater part of the productive wealth
of the Yellowstone Valley.
It Is believed, and there is good basis
for the belief, that agriculture can be
taught as thoroughly and practically In
the schools of farming centers as can
arithmetic, history or any other branch
of learning.
This step has been preceded by a
course in nature study in the common
schools, to which children have re
sponded readily and even with enthusi
asm. In our own state, where as yet
no effort has been made to teach agri
culture in the schools, pupils have been,
in many instances, encouraged by the
offer of prizes to grow sweet peas, as
ters and some of the more common
garden plants, the experiment in many
instances proving a source of gratifica
tion to teachers and of real pleasure to
the pupils. To this extent the subject
Is not a new one here, but It has not
been considered seriously as a possible
addition to the public school course.
In sections where a vast majority of
people make their living, through the
pursuit of agriculture, it is not unwise
ly held that Instruction in this, line is
of vastly more benefit to children than
a babbling course in French or a read
ing knowledge (no one learns to speak
German In the public schools) of Ger
man. In advocacy of this course the
Superintendent of Schools of Yellow
stone County says:
Our agricultural interests are paramount.
They govern 'practically our lnaustriai,
social and economic conditions. Far more
Important than this, he majority or our peo
ple lead country Hvee. Their Ideals are
shaped- by an agricultural environment. . The
most natural part or the environment of those
who do not directly live on tarms, or ranches.
Is nature, which is akin to agriculture. The
parks, the gardens, the earth, the very ma
terials which go to make up an agricultural
environment affect powerfully the lives of
the people of the cities and towns. There
are none of us whose lives escape the natural
world In which we live; consequently It seems
advisable to teach agriculture In the public
schools in order that the child may be
brought In harmony with his natural en
vironment. All of which Is well worthy the con
sideration of the promoters of educa
tion in the agricultural sections of any
state. It is not enough for the schools
of commercial centers to turn out each
year a crop of boys seeking "jobs" and
of girls who seek work In department
stores and offices. The country contin
gent may well be taught In lines along
which their life work will be, if their
inclinations are wholesomely directed.
x
FOR THE AMERICA'S CUP.
It may be expected that we shall
soon be hearing of conferences be
tween Sir Thomas Lipton and the
directors of the New York.Yacht Club
over the most Important and univer
sally interesting race that ever was
run. While denial as well as asser
tion has been made that the prince of
sportsmen comes to the United States
this time on cup business, we may
safely assume that he is not unwilling
once more to make an effort to cap
ture a trophy which shall add to Brit
ain's glory as mistress of the sea.
But preliminaries are not going to be
so easily arranged as the public would
wish. The stumbling block Is a new
rule for racing yachts which the cup
defender Reliance does not meet. She
was built to conform to a former rac
ing rule for ninety-foot sloops. It
costs a lot of money to build and sail
a racer, and the men who put up the
tfoin and did the work that kept the
cup at home In recent years have gone
on record as saying they do not wish
to finance and learn the whims of a
craft designed under the new rule.
Sir Thomas, it Is understood. Is de
sirous of racing under the new condi
tions, and has said he would challenge
at once if he were assured the chal
lenge would be accepted under the
present rule. The club holds that it
cannot announce conditions until it has
received a challenge, and there the
matter rests for the present But It
Is an open secret that an Influential
membership in the club is unalterably
opposed to the new rule of rating be
cause it makes the Reliance unavail
able and would require the building' of
a new defender.
While the New York Yacht Club is
a private organization, it cannot ig
nore the fact that National pride is at
6take In the proposed contest. Every
English-speaking man has a. personal
interest In It. The public will lose all
respect for the club if it keeps the
cup except by the means the cup was
won. As remarked by the New York
Sun, the powers of the club ought to
put their ears to the ground-.
CRABS.
During the last four months the Dun
geness crab, of Puget Sound, famed for
Its edible qualities, has been protected
from molestation by a new law of the
State of Washington, and epicures
have had to go without it or eat crab
from elsewhere. But this month
brought the crab food back again, and
during the last five days there has been
a big feast.
The crabs from elsewhere are said to
have come from Oregon and to have
been inferior. Such is the assertion of
the Seattle Times of October 3, -Which
says:
During the fast season for Dungeness crabs
the local market has been supplied by an In
ferior and, by some authorities, held to be
a much despised specimen of the scavenger
of the deep. This crab Is an Oregon product,
and Its Invasion of the local market Is held
by crab authorities to be an Imposition on
native resources which Is only made pos
sible by the mistaken Judgment of the Legis
lature. Ie this another exhibition of prejudice
at Puget Sound against things Oregon?
The Dungeness crab is of high quality
and far-famed, but there are others
just as good, in Washington and Ore
gon; in fact. Long Beach iru Washing
ton and Clatsop and other beaches in
Oregon produce identical crabs as fine
as the Dungeness or any other. It is
more than x likely that .the "Inferior
crabs from Oregon" came not from
Oregon at all, but from some beach in
Washington. Long Beach, Wash., a
favorite Summer resort for Portlanders,
and the best in Washington, has sup
plied Portland many years with crabs
that have no superior anywhere, and so
has Clatsop Beach, Or. . The best of
those exported have been consumed in
Portland this year, while the "left
overs" doubtless have been sent to Pu
get Sound, to take the place of the
Dungenees. Crabs must be carefully
Iced for shipping in Summer, and, as
this is rarely done, it is easy to see an
additional reason for the inferiority of
the "Oregon" crabs in Seattle.
The law for protection of the Dun
geness crab in Washington suggests
the need of similar legislation in Ore
gon. At Clatsop Beach, for example,
so many crabs are caught in Summer
as to make them scarce, and while cer
tain conjunction of tide and wind is
said to make them plenty, still it takes
no wide stretch of imagination to fore
see the time when they will be a rare
delicacy, unless means shall be taken
to curtail their destruction.
A MU CH-NEEDED BCII.DING.
Study has been resumed in the Uni
versity of Oregon by a large and en
thusiastic number of students. A vis
itor notes many Improvements in the
equipment since last year, the new
library building being especially con
spicuous in its prospective usefulness.
The great need of the university in
building equipment at present is a dor
mitory for young women. This class
of students finds it exceedingly difficult,
If not wholly impossible, to secure suit
able lodgings and board convenient to
the university. This condition of af
fairs should not be allowed to continue
for another year. The State of Ore
gon has undertaken to provide and
equip a university on a co-educational
basis. That means, of course, that
young women desiring to take up
student life in the university should
have opportunities equal all along the
line with young men. The first re
quirements In the case are comfort
able lodgings, warmth, food and light
at prices that men of moderate means
can afford to pay for their daughters
as well as for their sons. Ample pro
vision has been made for the latter,
while the former are left to "seek" such
accommodations as they can find and
accept such as are available, often
without regard to such comforts in
the-' way of fire, adequate' lights,
bath and convenient location as are
essential to health and good work.
No spasm of economy that may seize
the Legislature will warrant a con
tinuance of this state of affairs. The
coming Legislature will be asked for
an ' appropriation, made upon careful
estimates of the cost, sufficient to
build and suitably equip a dormitory
for sixty young women upon a site
already owned by the university. This
Is a plea that the representatives of
the educational interests of the State
cannot in justice refuse to grant. The
State of Oregon stands sponsor for
the university, that bears its name
and represents its advocacy of higher
education on co-educatlonal lines. No
favoritism, no parsimony or .mis
called economy should, be allowed to
Interfere In carrying on this work.
Let our legislators go to Salem in
January fully cognizant of the situa
tion as above outlined and prepared
to grant a sufficient sum to meet the
need, which Is here plainly and briefly
presented.
The whole civilized world will heart
ily wish success to the effort to be
made by the Chinese government to
eradicate the opium habit among the
people , of that country. A systematic
campaign is to be waged, hot with a
view of destroying the opium trade at
once, but with the hope of gradually re
ducing the consumption of the drug
and finally rearing a generation that
has not directly come under Its Influ
ence.' The plan contemplates govern
ment control of the sale of opium, with
a steady decrease from year to year in
the amount to be sold, and entire pro
hibition of the use of the drug by
young people. Though it may, and
probably will, take several generations
to exterminate this blight upon the Chi
nese race, the plan that has been pro
posed seems to be practicable, and If
persistently followed will at least re
sult in a vast improvement in condl-
tions. Until they have freed them- j
selves the Chinese, a heathen people,
rmist bear the burden forced upon them
by a Christian nation. -
Thursday, October 11, will be a great
day at Hood River. Naturally the peo
ple of that section are proud of the
fruit for which the name of Hood River
stands. Both for commercial reasons
and because of proper local pride, they
take pleasure in gathering a display of
thIr finest fruits and inviting every
body to come and see what the combi
nation of climate, soil. Industry and
intelligence can accomplish In the
realm of horticulture. To all who ac
cept this invitation a showing of ap
ples, grapes, pears, peaches and other
seasonable fruits will be made that will
be at once a surprise and a delight.
The State Irrigation Association -will
meet In conjunction with the fair, and
there will be experts on hand to tell
how water,' systematically applied, will
make the desert blossom and bear fruit
like unto a Hood River orchard. Music
will lend its charm to the occasion, and
altogether the fair will be an event at
once Instructive and entertaining a
combination of the commercial and the
ethical, the practical and the theoret
ical, that will be worth going far to see.
The way to encourage Inspectors to
do their duty Is to remove them when
ever they are too severe upon contract
ors. The duty of an Inspector is to see
what the contractor wishes him to see.
An inspector who is forever spying out
defects is not only annoying to the con
tractors, but he Is positively ill-mannered.
What we want above all other
things in city work and City Council is
the harmony that comes from courtesy
and good manners especially courtesy.
A hoodlum Is a boy whose mother
and father "have no time to fuss"
about him. They "guess he Is big
enough and smart enough to take care
of himself." If a neighbor complains
of hie mean acts, the parents think that
neighbor too low down to live. The
hoodlum begins his course by running
wild in the street; he ends it on the
gallows. But, as a general thing, his
parents deserve hanging better than he
does.
"To struggle with the evils springing
from our National progress, we need to
Increase the power of the Federal Gov
ernment." President Roosevelt has ap
parently been reading and digesting
Macaulay to some purpose. An anchor
has been often found to be a great de
pendence in a storm. All sail and no
ballast, or insufficient ballast, have sent
many a stanch vessel upon the rocks.
With a note of self-acclaim, one of
the "Big Three" New York life
insurance companies sends out a
circular to policy - holders showing
in detail how expenses had been
reduced $3,278,000 for the first six
months of 1906 as compared with the
same period in 1903. What woful waste
there must have been before the graft
ers were exposed and fired.
Freshmen have to do a cold-water
stunt before they are thoroughly initi
ated into Portland Academy. Doubt
less the senior classmen think it will do
them good. But there are some things
that these young hazers need more, and
that is good manners, correct training
and seasonable castigatlon.
Of course the Standard Oil tanks on
the East Side ought to be removed.
It is only a question of time when they
will be the cause, through fire, of wip
ing out all that part of East Port
land. They retard building in that vi
cinity, too, and will retard It more and
more.
The death-dealing tornado at New
Orleans following worse disasters puts
into strong contrast Oregon's freedom
from Nature's violence. Only once
since the white man came has there
been a wind storm destructive of hu
man life. This was in January, 1880.
President Palma threatened a month
since to resign and leave the Cuban re
public to its fate; but, when his bluff
Is called and he Is permitted to get out,
he sets himself up for a martyr. What
he wanted was for the United States to
intervene against the other fellow.
The Massachusetts Democrats grace
fully indorsed both Bryan and Hearst.
But there is no occasion for hilarity
about it. The Ohio Republicans in
dorsed Roosevelt and also "most heart
ily approved of the course of Senators
Dick and Foraker."
Mr. Halllwell, a tobacco magnate,
has married a trained nurse. She's
worth nothing but her lovely self, and
he's worth $20,000,000. Just think of
that when you put your nickel In the
slot machine to make a tobacco man's
honeymoon.
A fire escape with the access to it
barred, 6uch as was found in the High
School building, is like much of the
teaching in that noble Institution. The
theory suffices; practical use Is seldom
thought of.
It looks as If there were those who
are determined to administer punish
ment to Judge Tanner, or to take re
venge upon him, because he didn't per
sist In his perjuries to the end for pro
tection of Senator Mitchell.
We don't wish the docile Mrs. Piatt
any undeserved luck, but we move that
that Illinois bridegroom who chastised
his wife within five minutes of the
wedding ceremony be nominated and
elected Piatt's successor.
Miss 'Mae Wood, whom Senator Piatt
didn't marry, Is entitled to further pub
lic condolences. Think of the fine large
alimony the late Mrs. Janeway has de
prived her of.
Two Japanese bankers were held -up
in broad daylight at San Francisco,
brutally maltreated and their money
stolen. Has Van Auker now been vln
dlcated? - .
To the committees of the Y. M.-Y. W.
C. A., the venerable, yet effective saw:
If at first you don't succeed, go at it
once more, and then some.
Tf- costs 160.000 a day to intervene In
ruhg Rnt renllv. are Secretary Taft
and General Funston having so much
fun as that out of it.'
"Mr. Hearst will watch the ballot-
boxes this time," remarks the Wash
ington Star. So will Mr. Hughes, who
is a wise man.
Still, the Russians are not talking
of intervening In the South.
IDLENESS AS CAUSE OF RACE RIOT.
"Make the negro work" is the rem
edy for outrages by blacks, suggested
by a number of Southern newspapers.
Laws against vagrancy and Idleness
should be enforced, they say. In this
way they believe that vicious tenden
cies will be curbed.
"In nine cases out of ten," remarks
the Dallas News, "the negro who as
saults women Is the negro who does
not work, but who is supported by a
female admirer from the kitchen of
her white employer, or a negro who
roams through the country in search
of localities where he can the most
easily procure something to eat. . . .
Scourge the loafer to labor."
And likewise the reading spirit or
the white mob, the Dallas paper says,
Is the white Idler. A meeting in At
lanta of reputable white and black
citizens, declared that "the worst ele-
ments" of both races were responsible
for the cause of the outbreak and Its
results, the worst elements being of
the non-laboring, vagrant classes.
There can be no security," says the
Dallas News, "where there Is a pro
fessional Idle class." adding:
It rnuet be destroyed or it must be driven
away If there Is to be protection of life and
property. For It refuses to recognize the
right of the man to that which he works
for and creates. It will beg. and lr tne re
sults of begging are unsatisfactory It will
steal. If It is obstructed 4n Its thieving n
will murder. With no respect for the rlgnts
of property, it quickly reaches the point
where It has no respect for life. And having
come to this place In the lowest scale, riot,
bloodshed and murder are attractive to It,
and in such it la always- the most prominent
element, as It la charged to be In the de
plorable affair at Atlanta.
The Augusta Chronicle takes this
same view, saying: "Make the loafers
work and trouble is obviated." Do
away with the idlers, it remarks, and
the better class of negroes remain.
These latter are not the ones who
make trouble. It Is the loafing, drunk
ard class of negro men and negro wo
men who make the police do extra
work and entail so great expense on
the community through court costs
and Jail expenses. It is among the,
negroes principally that the chain gang
is recruited. . . . When the better
class of colored people and the better
class of white people are earnestly at
work together for better conditions
and better understanding, they ' will
surely attain them."
The Birmingham News calls for rigid
enforcement of the vagrancy laws.
"Let the authorities force every Idler
to go to work or to go to Jail," it says.
"A large proportion of the crimes
committed ih Southern cities can be
traced directly or indirectly to dives
ana Joints frequented by vagrants.
Let the dives and Joints where hun
dreds of loafers collect to drink and
carouse and gamble and hatch out
crime and mischief be broken up."
The same paper continues:
New Orleans.. Mobile, Montgomery, Chatta
nooga, Nashville, Memphis and other leading
Southern cities are full of Idle -negroes, many
of whom live by gambling, stealing or other
lawlessness. And yet In all of these cities
labor Is In great demand at good, wages. Here
In Birmingham there is complaint of the
scarcity of miners, hostlers, butlers, waiters,
cooks and dozens of other kinds of laborers.
The demand for labor was never greater and
the wages offered are higher than ever before.
Every idler In Birmingham who wants to
work and who knows how to do anything or
Is willing to learn can get work. And yet
the city la full of loafers and idlers. Walk
ing two block in the heart of the city where
there are negro barber shops, eating houses.
saloons and pool rooms It Is the exception
rather than the rule when not less than 100
Idle negroes can be seen during any hour
of the day lounging In front of these places
or blocking the pavements. These and others
like them should be made to go to work or
get out. There is no place for hundreds of
idle negroes and vagrants in this busy city
and district where labor of all kinds Is in
great demand.
On the border land between North and
South, the Washington Post gives this
same advice, saying "Root out the para
sites." Idle, vicious persons without le
gitimate means of support, frequenters of
low rum shops and companion schools of
degradation, the Post says are agencies of
the race conflicts, and adds.
What the South wants Is no sectional
ointment or prophylactic. The South needs
what all the other sections need protec
tion against the lawless, the Idle, the
vicious, the criminal, whether black or
white. Society has a right to defend Itself.
Society Is under no obligation to furnlsn
shelter, entertainment and opportunity to its
enemiea. Enact vagrant laws without ref
erence to race, color or previous condition
make the vagrants move on or set them to
hard work In the public service. There are
roads to build. Make, these parasites uue
ful. At all events, root them out of the
neighborhood and put an end to their sinis
ter activities. The ginmllls are not a cause;
they are a consequence. Eliminate their
clientele and they will perish naturally.
"These phenomena are not peculiar to
the negro In the South," goes on the Post.
"The same causes produce exactly similar
effects In white men and they operate as
certainly In New England as In Georgia."
The New York Times looks dubiously
upon the plan to put idlers to work, say
ing that while, If carried out, it would do
much to cheek the evil in both races, "It
Involves a serious improvement in public
sentiment, to support it in any real effi
ciency." The Times says further:
If the policy were strictly and impar
tially enforced it would do more to check
the double ell than any other. It tends
to meet, moreover, the one controlling
fact in the situation that the Bouth has,
needs, and cannot possibly spare ne
gro labor. If the non-workers among
the negroes and the whites as well, can
be reduced to the lowest practicable
number, the indispensable services of
the rest can be retained.
SAFE, SURE AND
DEMOCRATIC
FJLYiNCr lACHIIiE;
Mgs2
fem ov.6. n&a. rn
Krom the Chicago Chronicle.
AMERICAN FARMER "I WOILDVT GIVE THIS OLD THOROUGHBRED
FOB All. THE AIRSHIPS IN THE COl'JiTRY;"
PANAMA WANTS TERRITORY
Controversy With Colombia About
Division of National Debt.
WASHINGTON, Oct. 5 (Special.) Tho
negotiations in progress for the renewal
of friendly relations between Colombia
and Panama are likely to strike a rock
on questions of finance. Colombia de
mands that Panama shall assume a por
tion of her foreign debt. The proposition
is that .the debt be assessed on the basis
of population.
' The foreign debt of Colombia is about
$15,000,000 and the population of Panama
Is about one fifteenth that of Colombia.
The debt Panama would be required to
assume would be, therefore, about $1,000,
000. Panama has agreed to assume this
debt, but as an offset claims to hold cer
tificates of indebtedness to show Colom
bia borrowed money from her while she
was still part of that Republic to the ex-
1 oKn,, ei ATlft nnn Sho r-lnfms Pnlnm.
Kl' " ,h "T'VhV, rnn ov n th.
settle the Question.
Colombia Is stubborn In the matter, and
Panama Is unyielding except upon one
point. Panama is willing to pay the mil
lion dollars demanded in return for certain
land upon which Colombia has a lien, but
which Panama desires as part of her
territory. As this would involve the seg
regation of part of the territory of Co
lombia, the latter government has abso
lutely refused to consider the proposal.
In the meantime, Colombia declines to
recognize the independence of Panama.
NOT EASY TO SECURE CHINESE
Have Been Warned Against Deadly
Climate of Isthmus.
WASHINGTON, Oct. 5. The officers of
the Isthmian Canal Commission are busy
examining the proposals recently submit
ted by contracting firms for furnishing
Chinese labor for work on the canal at
Panama. Because of the peculiar condi
tions surrounding the importation of
aliens In this work, complicated In part
by the adjustment of some International
features which probably will arise, sev
eral weeks must necessarily elapse before
any conclusions are reached and the con
tract awarded.
Some doubt Is expressed whether con
tractors will be able to carry out any
contract which may be awarded for sup
plying coolie labor. On account of cli
matic conditions, the Isthmian Commis
sion desires that any laborers sent to the
isthmus shall come from the southern
provinces of China. In that section re
ports received at the Chinese legation
show that not a single Chinese newspa
per favors the emigration of Chinese to
Panama, as the experiences of those who
went there for the French Canal Company
are still fresh in the minds of the people.
The Chinese were unable to withstand
the conditions then, and it is said that
about 75 per cent of those who went there
died.
Petitions from Chinese residents In
Peru, San Francisco and at Panama
have been sent to the government at
Pekin, asking that it refuse Its sanc
tion to any proposition to permit con
tract laborers to go from China to
Panama. Thus far. however, the Chi
nese authorities have remained entire
ly neutral in tho matter and have made
no representations to the United States.
Several years ago the Chinese were
sounded by the State Department as
to their attitude toward sending coolie
labor to Panama, to which a polite
but unfavorable reply was received.
The suggestion has been made that If
the Chinese Government interposes
any objection, the contractors may
resort to the Philippines or to the
Straits Settlement, over which the Chi
nese Government has no Jurisdiction.
New Salvadorean Minister.
WASHINGTON. Oct. E. 9enor Jose
Rosa Pacas-, the new Mlnlter to the
United States from Salvador and Hon
duras, was presented to President Roose
velt today. Mr. Pacas Is well known In
Washington, having lived here for several
months in 1902 as representative of Sal
vador on the commission for the arbitra
tion of the claim of the Salvador Com
mercial Company, a California corpora
tion, against the Salvadorean government.
He also- represented his government at
the recent conference on the United States
cruiser Marblehead for the settlement of
the war in which Guatemala, Honduras
and Salvador were Involved.
Transfers of Army Officers.
OREGONIAN NEW9 BUREAU, Wash
ington, Oct. 5. First Lieutenant Chester
J. Stedman, assistant surgeon, now on
duty with the Eighteenth aBttery of Field
Artillery, upon arrival at Newport News
will return to his station at . Fort Ste
vens, Or.
Captain Jesse M. Baker, Quartermaster,
Is relieved from duty at Seattle and or
dered to St. Louis for duty as assistant
to the Depot Quartermaster at that place.
Portland Firm, to Build Dam.
WASHINGTON, D. C, Oct. 5. The Sec
retary of the Interior has awarded the
Pacific Coast Construction Company, of
Portland, the contract for the construc
tion of the Yellowstone dam and accesr
sory structures of the lower Yellowstone
irrigation project in Montana and North
Dakota, the work on which must be com
pleted by February 1, 1909.
Northwest Postal Affairs.
OREGONIAN NEWS BUREAU. Wash
ington. Oct. 5. William H. Jordan has
been appointed regular, William L. Lewis
substitute, rural carrier, route 2. at
Bickleton. Wash.
Jennie Swaim has been appointed post
master at Sauk, Wash., vice H. W. Sulli
van, resigned.
Appoints Kobb a Judge.
WASHINGTON, Oct. 6. The President
today appointed Charles H. Robb, of Ver
mont, at present Assistant Attorney-General,
to a Justice of the District of Co
lumbia" Court of Appeals to succeed Jus
tice Duell, resigned.
SWIFT ENOUGH
-Q,
SOME FEATURES
OF THE SUNDAY
. OREGONIAN
lirHt and fnremnnt, all the world
ne8 by Associated 1tch, FM-ial
correspondent ami mrnibert of Tho
Oregumnn staff, making the fullest
and most conipleto record of any
Facific Coast newKpuper.
FORCING HENS TO LAY
EGGS IN WINTER
A valuable article, telling of ex
periments in the culture of poul
try by a rortland scientist who
has dovoted twenty-five years to
improvement of domestic fowls
through a diet based on sound hy
gienic principles. Dr. Louis Decli
mann, phys'cian and chemist, h;is
made a deep life study of this sub
ject in order to demonstrate the
value to mankind of certain 1'oorts
notably those containing iron
which serve as makers of strength
as well as preventives of disease.
These experiments have resulted in
developing fowls that conihine the
best laying qualities with the finest
flesh an achievement considered
Impossible and really so under pres
ent shiftless methods. Dr. Dech
mann shows not only that this re
sult may be obtained by any one
who feeds fowls properly, but hens
may be developed that will do tjieir
best laying in winter when the
market price is highest.
Dr. Dechmann says that nowhere
else in the world do sueh ideal con
ditions exist for poultry raising as
in Western Oregon and he counsels
every orchardist to cultivate fowls.
He is no theorist: he has the fowls
themselves in his poultry yard.
Under an intelligent system of
feeding, Oregon's poultry product
can be Increased millions of dollars
a year.
LITTLE OLD NEW YORK AS IT
APPEARS TO A PORTLANDER
A. H. Ballard writes from Man
hattan, giving his impressions of
the great metropolis, after an ab
sence of several years. He then
tells what the theaters big and
little, are doing and outlines some
of the things Portland may expect
this season.
GOD'S RELATIONS
TO HUMANITY
A twentieth century Methofllst ser
mon by a man who imbibed ortho
dox views and then changed. It is
an address by Rev. C. fcl Cline,
D. D., before the rerent Oregon
Conference of tho Methodist iipls
copal Ciiurch bold and clear, In
which he declares that God's manl,
festations are in spiritual and in
tellectual life; not in miracles.
MRS. O. P. H. BELMONT, VICE
REGENT OF NEW YORK'S 400
A sketch of this noted . woman,
mother of a British duchess, whom
New York society resolved to turn
down, but who, taken up by Mrs.
Stuyvesant Fish, lias now become
second only to her patroness, to
gether with a snap-shot of Mrs.
Belmont. Sho hasn't had a photo
graph taken for ten years and
makes old ones serve for publica
tion. NIGHT RIDE IN A CAB
ALONG THE COLUMBIA
The prose and the poetry of a
mount on a man-forged steed that
strides the rails through the Cas
cade Mountain gorge a vivid word
picture by Ralph A. Watson -with
tine pen pictures by V. A Rout
ledge. TWO NOTED LIVING
SOLDIERS OF FORTUNE
One, of course, is Frederick Funs-
ton, whose career, familiar to every
American, reads like a romance.
The other? Brigadier-General John
J. Pershing, nine years aso an ob
scure instructor at West Point. But
he went into the war and then did
things to the natives in Jolo and
Mindanoa. He was promoted over
the head- of 802 oilicers of the
U. 3. A.
UNCLE SAM AS A
REINDEER FARMER
How the experiments In Alaska
turned out. While Rev. Sheldon
Jackson has not cleared himself
from serious charges, he did raise
reindeer. Some striking photo
graphs accompany the article.
WHERE OUR GEORGE
SUPPLANTED KING GEORGE
This was in the unconscious evolu
tion of geographical names in the
Pacific Northwest. Kdmond S.
Meany, professor of history. Uni
versity of Washington, writes an
interesting article showing how the
- Father of His Country supplanted
the discoverers' kins in the nomen
clature of Fuijet Sound and adja
cent waters.
CHUCKWAGON CAL. ON
POLITICAL BOOMS
The cook of the calf wras'lers" out
fit discourses on the early variety
and points out the danfjer of po
liticians setting too quick a start.
BOOK REVIEWS AND
NEWS OF LITERARY WORLD
Books are coming in now for the
Christmas and New Year trade,
and some of the best of them are
noticed on the book page, along
wirh gossip concernins men and
women prominent in the world of
letters. Among bonks reviewed this
week are: "The Pass." by Stewart
Edward White; "Talcs from He
rodotus," by H. L. Havell; "Stories
from Dickens," by J. Walker Mc
Spadden; "The Open Secret of
Nazareth," by Dr. Bradley Oilman;.
"Stories from Scottish History." by
Madalen . G. Kdgar; "William of
Orange," translated by George P.
Upton; "Gems of Wisdom for
Every Day," by H. B. Metcalf;
"Lincoln at Gettysburg," by Clark
E. Carr; "Beginners' Greek Book,
by Professors Bonner and Smith;
"Nine Orations of Cicero,' by Pro
fessor Harkness; "An Introduction
ary Course in Argumentation." by
Frances M. Perry; "Melodic Read
ers " iy V. H. Ripley and Thomas
TappeT; "Bob Hampton of riacer."
by Randall Parrish; "American
Character," by Professor Brander
Matthews; "Afloat on the Dosser
Bank." by H. C. Moore; "The
Beauty of Kindness," and "Heart
Garden," by Rev. J. R- Miller.
D D. ; "In Eastern Wonderlands,
bv Charlotte Chaffee Gibson;
"Playtime," by Clara Murray: "Ro
berta and Her Brothers." by Alice
W'ard Bailey; "Blackle." by Madge
A. Bagham: "Long Ago in Greece,
bv Dr B. J. Carpenter; "Pelham
and His Friend Tim." by Allen
French: "Tannhauser In Verse,
by Olive Huckel: "Saturday Morn
ings." by Caroline F. Benton;
"Gudrun, Barbarossa," and "The
Nihelungs." translated by George
r Upton; "A Hunt on Snowshoes.
by Edward 3. Ellis; "Holyland." by
"Gntav Frenssen; and Hearts
Triumphant." by Edith Sessions -Tupper.
Wields tlie Ax in Bay C ity.
RAN' FRANCISCO. Oct. 5. Frank M.
Macstretti. a member of the Board of
Public Works, was today removed from
office bv Acting Mayor James Gallagher.
In his letter to Maestretti. Mayor Galla
cher assigns Inefficiency and general dis
satisfaction with his work as the cause
for his removal. Supervisor George F.
puffy has been appointed to the vacancy
on the Board of Public Works