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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Oct. 6, 1906)
0 rifJK MOKJVIJNti OIHSUUJNIAN, SAT UJK DAY, OCTOBER, 6, 1D06. Entered at Portland. Oregon Fojtofflc Second-Claes Matter. SUBSCRIPTION RATES. IT INVARIABLY IN ADVANCE. f (By Mall or Express.) Tftlly. Funday Included, one year.., .S.' Dally. bunday Included, eix montns ... Dally, bunday Included, three monuii.. Daily. Sunday Included, one month.... Dally, Daily, without Bunriay, one year .. 6- wlthont Sundav. nix months.... 3. Daily, without Sunday, three months.... 1- Pally, without Sunday, one monin Bunday, one year Weekly, one year (Issued Thursday).. . Bunday and "Weekly, one year. ... BY CARRIES. Dally, Sunday Included, one year... Dally, Sunday Included, one month. . 8.00 .75 HOW TO REMIT Send postofttce money order, express order or personal check on your local bank. Stamps, coin or currency are at the sender's risk. Give postofllce ad dress In full. Including county and state. POSTAGE RATES. 10 to 14 papes c'n 1 to 28 pages .... cents SO to 44 pases - 46 to 60 paces cem" Foreign Postage, double rates. IMPORTANT The postal laws are strict. Newspapers on which postage Is nfct fully pre paid are not forwarded to destination. EASTERN BUSINESS OFFICE. The 8. C. Beckwilh Special Agency New Tork, rooms 43-50. Tribune building. Cal cago, rooms S10-512 Tribune building. KFT ON SALE. Chicago Auditorium Annex, Postofflee News Co., 178 Dearborn street. St. Paul, Minn. N. Bt. Marie, Commercial Station. Colorado Springs, Colo. Western News Agancy. Denver Hamilton Kendrlck. 906-9U Seventeenth street; Pratt Book Store, 1214 Fifteenth street; I. "Welnsteln; H. P. Han sen. Kansas City, Mo. Rlcksecker Cigar Co.. Uinta and Walnut. Minneapolis M. J. Kavanaugh, BO Gouth Third. Cleveland, O. Jams- Puahaw. 80T Su perior street. Atlantic- City, N. J. 111 Taylor. - New l'ork City U Jones 4fc Co., Aster House; Broadway Theater News Stand. Oakland. Cal. W. H. Johnston. Four teenth and Franklin streets. N. Wheatley. Ogden D. L. Boyle; W. O. Kind. 114 25th street. Omnha Barkalow Bros., 1012 Farnam ; Mageath Stationery Co.. 1308 Farnam; 240 South Fourteenth. Sacramento, Cal. Sacramento News Co., 43'J K. street. Salt Luke Salt Lake News Co., TT West Second street South: Kosenfeld & Hansen. Los Angeles B. E. Amos, manager seven street wagons. San Diego B. E. Amos. Drat Beach, Cal. B. E. Amos. Paxudenu, Cal. A. F. Horning. San Francisco Foster Sc Orear, Ferry Kews Stand; Hotel St. Francis News Stand. Washington, 1. C. Ebbltt House, Penn sylvania avenue. Philadelphia, Pa. Ryan's Theater Ticket Office. PORTLAND, SATURDAY. OCT. 6. 1906. THE SINS THAT MAKE US MOCKS. Mr. Rockefeller, through the columns of the Cleveland Plaindealer, has fa vored the country with some of hla Opinions upon business and morality. These opinions are important What Mr. Rockefeller says about business de serves weighty conaideration because he is the most successful man of busi ness of his generation. He has ac cumulated the largest private fortune of any man now living, and he has done it by methods which are original. Before he achieved his innovations, the art of destroying competitors by the rebate, the secret combination, the control of common carriers and the de bauchery of the courts was almost un known. Mr. Rockefeller may not de serve the full credit of Inventing this method, but to him belongs the glory of perfecting It and applying It upon a great scale to commercial enterprise. Upon the question of trusts, combina tions and piratical commerce In all Its phases Mr. Rockefeller is acknowledged by the whole world to be a great au thority whose wisdom combines the ad vantages of profound theory and suc cessful practice. The Interview In the Plaindealer re fers particularly to the late exposures of dishonesty and fraud in American business, and to the legislation enacted by Congress to control the monopolies. Mr. Rockefeller has not a word to say about the gain to morality, decency, commercial freedom and the public health through these laws. All euch things are to him of no consequence. "Whether they flourish or fade matters not to this great religious and economic authority. What he sees and laments In the -effect of this legislation and the exposures which preceded it Is the check they have given to what he calls "development." He says the rate bill and the meat-Inspection law "limit op portunity and therefore check develop ment." In a certain sense this Is true; but these laws limit no opportunity which any man may rightfully claim, and they check no development which Is for the general welfare. Laws against burglary limit certain opportunities; so do laws against murder and arson. They limit the opportunities and enter prise of large numbers of men and check the development of Industries which would otherwise flourish amaz ingly. But is the country worse or bet ter off for them? Likewise the rate statute limits the opportunity of men like Mr. Rockefeller to absorb the busi ness and ruin the industry of their rivals through discriminations and se cret rebates; but will the community in general suffer because such devel opment as that of Standard Oil and the beef trust is checked? In the book which Mr. Rockefeller professes to make his rule of life it is intimated that tho man, or the nation, who gains the whole world and . in the process loses his own soul makes a bad bar gain. That sort of development which sacrifices honor, confidence, honesty end all the goodly relatione of human - kind for the sake of profit kills the soul end obliterates the best life of the na tion. The American people have decid ed that the eternal laws of truth and justice are of more consequence than business, and when driven to choose between secret sin and the loss of money they confessed the sin and bore the loss. The revelations in the beef trust and insurance investigations have injured American trade abroad; there is no doubt of it; and it will take a long time to recover the lost ground. But it is curious to hear a devout disciple of or thodox religion like Mr. Rockefeller la menting this national return to the ways of righteousness because it has cost money. "Seek ye first the king dom of God and his righteousness and ell these things shall be added unto you," says the book which. Mr. Rocke feller's Sabbath school studies year in end year out. Was it the exposure of the beef trust which harmed their busi ness, or the thing exposed? Had there been no rottenness in the business. could exposure have injured it? And since there was rottenness, which was better, to leave it to fester or expose it, take the consequences and build up anew on a foundation of honesty? The wages of sin, Mr. Rockefeller's Bible -tenches. Is death. In business those wages take the shape of financial ruin The law Is as sure as fate, as lnevlta- Mt as day: and night. This Nation has sinned. "All we like sheep have gone astray," to quote again Mr. Rockefel ler's Bible. The road back to rectitude Is steep and rocky, but travel It -we must and shall; and, with our feet once established In the straight and narrow way of honesty which ls-inentloned In one of Mr. Rockefeller's golden texts, who will be sorry for the bitter experi ence that drove us from the by and for bidden paths of embalmed beef and se cret rebates? Shall we not then all Join In singing that good old hymn: I hate the pins that made me mourn? JANUARY AND MAT. An old man who marries a young wife is admitted to bo a fool. Ever since there was such a thing as satire he has been its butt. Still, he is not always a fool. Young women In gen eral like to trip the light fantastic toeN and divert themselves with gauds and kickshaws, but some of them like qui etude and sweet meditation. For such women a marriage with an old man is not necessarily folly on. either side. Young wives of old men have been known to pass their years in a placid happiness which made them the envy of all tKe neighbors; but, for all that, such happiness Is for the exceptional woman. As a rule the girl whe marries an old man must expect to suffer for it. But the girl who marries a young man must also expect to suffer for It. Between being an old man's darling and a young man's slave there- is only a choice of evils, and sometimes the choice Is dubious. The probabilities are against an old man making a sat isfactory husband; but it is by no means certain that every young man will make a good one. Old men are for the most part too staid and prosy to suit young wives; but young men are not seldom too gay and frisky to suit J the family fortunes. Between a sexa genarian who loves quiet and has plenty of money and a youth of twenty who loves gaiety and lacks the where withal to keep the wolf from the door a maiden may be pardoned for hesitat ing. If she chooses January instead of May, few really blame her. It is the old man who is blamed. If his young wife makes a fool of him, flouts his affection and wastes his money, nobody pities him. Yet Brown ing could make us pity such an one. There is no pathos truer or more heart breaking than that of his Andrea del Sarto blinded and patient under the, slights of his giddy wife. Age is sec ond childhood, and may be expected to repeat the follies of childhood in other forms. As little boys fall in love with old women, so old men fall In love with girls. In either case they grasp vainly for a happiness which Is beyond their reach. He Is happiest at any age who accepts the limitations and powers set for him by nature and lives out his life to its full capacity, not striving for the impossible. Chaucer laughed at the old man with a young wife. Fielding ridi culed the old woman in love with a young man. January and May are ever ill-mated, though the snow does not always chill the flowers of Spring. If a man and a woman love each other, let them get married, no matter if he Is a hundred and she is sixteen; If they do not love, then woe unto them, no matter what their ages may be. IN TRAINING FOR THEIR VOCATION. The educational authorities of Yel lowstone County, Montana,'- have decid ed that a proper mission of the public schools of an agricultural district is to teach agriculture. Pursuant to this de cision, a course in this oldest of indus tries is to be arranged for the Billings schools, study of which will, it Is be lieved, make life on the farm more at tractive and lend a new interest to the ranges that form the basis of the greater part of the productive wealth of the Yellowstone Valley. It Is believed, and there is good basis for the belief, that agriculture can be taught as thoroughly and practically In the schools of farming centers as can arithmetic, history or any other branch of learning. This step has been preceded by a course in nature study in the common schools, to which children have re sponded readily and even with enthusi asm. In our own state, where as yet no effort has been made to teach agri culture in the schools, pupils have been, in many instances, encouraged by the offer of prizes to grow sweet peas, as ters and some of the more common garden plants, the experiment in many instances proving a source of gratifica tion to teachers and of real pleasure to the pupils. To this extent the subject Is not a new one here, but It has not been considered seriously as a possible addition to the public school course. In sections where a vast majority of people make their living, through the pursuit of agriculture, it is not unwise ly held that Instruction in this, line is of vastly more benefit to children than a babbling course in French or a read ing knowledge (no one learns to speak German In the public schools) of Ger man. In advocacy of this course the Superintendent of Schools of Yellow stone County says: Our agricultural interests are paramount. They govern 'practically our lnaustriai, social and economic conditions. Far more Important than this, he majority or our peo ple lead country Hvee. Their Ideals are shaped- by an agricultural environment. . The most natural part or the environment of those who do not directly live on tarms, or ranches. Is nature, which is akin to agriculture. The parks, the gardens, the earth, the very ma terials which go to make up an agricultural environment affect powerfully the lives of the people of the cities and towns. There are none of us whose lives escape the natural world In which we live; consequently It seems advisable to teach agriculture In the public schools in order that the child may be brought In harmony with his natural en vironment. All of which Is well worthy the con sideration of the promoters of educa tion in the agricultural sections of any state. It is not enough for the schools of commercial centers to turn out each year a crop of boys seeking "jobs" and of girls who seek work In department stores and offices. The country contin gent may well be taught In lines along which their life work will be, if their inclinations are wholesomely directed. x FOR THE AMERICA'S CUP. It may be expected that we shall soon be hearing of conferences be tween Sir Thomas Lipton and the directors of the New York.Yacht Club over the most Important and univer sally interesting race that ever was run. While denial as well as asser tion has been made that the prince of sportsmen comes to the United States this time on cup business, we may safely assume that he is not unwilling once more to make an effort to cap ture a trophy which shall add to Brit ain's glory as mistress of the sea. But preliminaries are not going to be so easily arranged as the public would wish. The stumbling block Is a new rule for racing yachts which the cup defender Reliance does not meet. She was built to conform to a former rac ing rule for ninety-foot sloops. It costs a lot of money to build and sail a racer, and the men who put up the tfoin and did the work that kept the cup at home In recent years have gone on record as saying they do not wish to finance and learn the whims of a craft designed under the new rule. Sir Thomas, it Is understood. Is de sirous of racing under the new condi tions, and has said he would challenge at once if he were assured the chal lenge would be accepted under the present rule. The club holds that it cannot announce conditions until it has received a challenge, and there the matter rests for the present But It Is an open secret that an Influential membership in the club is unalterably opposed to the new rule of rating be cause it makes the Reliance unavail able and would require the building' of a new defender. While the New York Yacht Club is a private organization, it cannot ig nore the fact that National pride is at 6take In the proposed contest. Every English-speaking man has a. personal interest In It. The public will lose all respect for the club if it keeps the cup except by the means the cup was won. As remarked by the New York Sun, the powers of the club ought to put their ears to the ground-. CRABS. During the last four months the Dun geness crab, of Puget Sound, famed for Its edible qualities, has been protected from molestation by a new law of the State of Washington, and epicures have had to go without it or eat crab from elsewhere. But this month brought the crab food back again, and during the last five days there has been a big feast. The crabs from elsewhere are said to have come from Oregon and to have been inferior. Such is the assertion of the Seattle Times of October 3, -Which says: During the fast season for Dungeness crabs the local market has been supplied by an In ferior and, by some authorities, held to be a much despised specimen of the scavenger of the deep. This crab Is an Oregon product, and Its Invasion of the local market Is held by crab authorities to be an Imposition on native resources which Is only made pos sible by the mistaken Judgment of the Legis lature. Ie this another exhibition of prejudice at Puget Sound against things Oregon? The Dungeness crab is of high quality and far-famed, but there are others just as good, in Washington and Ore gon; in fact. Long Beach iru Washing ton and Clatsop and other beaches in Oregon produce identical crabs as fine as the Dungeness or any other. It is more than x likely that .the "Inferior crabs from Oregon" came not from Oregon at all, but from some beach in Washington. Long Beach, Wash., a favorite Summer resort for Portlanders, and the best in Washington, has sup plied Portland many years with crabs that have no superior anywhere, and so has Clatsop Beach, Or. . The best of those exported have been consumed in Portland this year, while the "left overs" doubtless have been sent to Pu get Sound, to take the place of the Dungenees. Crabs must be carefully Iced for shipping in Summer, and, as this is rarely done, it is easy to see an additional reason for the inferiority of the "Oregon" crabs in Seattle. The law for protection of the Dun geness crab in Washington suggests the need of similar legislation in Ore gon. At Clatsop Beach, for example, so many crabs are caught in Summer as to make them scarce, and while cer tain conjunction of tide and wind is said to make them plenty, still it takes no wide stretch of imagination to fore see the time when they will be a rare delicacy, unless means shall be taken to curtail their destruction. A MU CH-NEEDED BCII.DING. Study has been resumed in the Uni versity of Oregon by a large and en thusiastic number of students. A vis itor notes many Improvements in the equipment since last year, the new library building being especially con spicuous in its prospective usefulness. The great need of the university in building equipment at present is a dor mitory for young women. This class of students finds it exceedingly difficult, If not wholly impossible, to secure suit able lodgings and board convenient to the university. This condition of af fairs should not be allowed to continue for another year. The State of Ore gon has undertaken to provide and equip a university on a co-educational basis. That means, of course, that young women desiring to take up student life in the university should have opportunities equal all along the line with young men. The first re quirements In the case are comfort able lodgings, warmth, food and light at prices that men of moderate means can afford to pay for their daughters as well as for their sons. Ample pro vision has been made for the latter, while the former are left to "seek" such accommodations as they can find and accept such as are available, often without regard to such comforts in the-' way of fire, adequate' lights, bath and convenient location as are essential to health and good work. No spasm of economy that may seize the Legislature will warrant a con tinuance of this state of affairs. The coming Legislature will be asked for an ' appropriation, made upon careful estimates of the cost, sufficient to build and suitably equip a dormitory for sixty young women upon a site already owned by the university. This Is a plea that the representatives of the educational interests of the State cannot in justice refuse to grant. The State of Oregon stands sponsor for the university, that bears its name and represents its advocacy of higher education on co-educatlonal lines. No favoritism, no parsimony or .mis called economy should, be allowed to Interfere In carrying on this work. Let our legislators go to Salem in January fully cognizant of the situa tion as above outlined and prepared to grant a sufficient sum to meet the need, which Is here plainly and briefly presented. The whole civilized world will heart ily wish success to the effort to be made by the Chinese government to eradicate the opium habit among the people , of that country. A systematic campaign is to be waged, hot with a view of destroying the opium trade at once, but with the hope of gradually re ducing the consumption of the drug and finally rearing a generation that has not directly come under Its Influ ence.' The plan contemplates govern ment control of the sale of opium, with a steady decrease from year to year in the amount to be sold, and entire pro hibition of the use of the drug by young people. Though it may, and probably will, take several generations to exterminate this blight upon the Chi nese race, the plan that has been pro posed seems to be practicable, and If persistently followed will at least re sult in a vast improvement in condl- tions. Until they have freed them- j selves the Chinese, a heathen people, rmist bear the burden forced upon them by a Christian nation. - Thursday, October 11, will be a great day at Hood River. Naturally the peo ple of that section are proud of the fruit for which the name of Hood River stands. Both for commercial reasons and because of proper local pride, they take pleasure in gathering a display of thIr finest fruits and inviting every body to come and see what the combi nation of climate, soil. Industry and intelligence can accomplish In the realm of horticulture. To all who ac cept this invitation a showing of ap ples, grapes, pears, peaches and other seasonable fruits will be made that will be at once a surprise and a delight. The State Irrigation Association -will meet In conjunction with the fair, and there will be experts on hand to tell how water,' systematically applied, will make the desert blossom and bear fruit like unto a Hood River orchard. Music will lend its charm to the occasion, and altogether the fair will be an event at once Instructive and entertaining a combination of the commercial and the ethical, the practical and the theoret ical, that will be worth going far to see. The way to encourage Inspectors to do their duty Is to remove them when ever they are too severe upon contract ors. The duty of an Inspector is to see what the contractor wishes him to see. An inspector who is forever spying out defects is not only annoying to the con tractors, but he Is positively ill-mannered. What we want above all other things in city work and City Council is the harmony that comes from courtesy and good manners especially courtesy. A hoodlum Is a boy whose mother and father "have no time to fuss" about him. They "guess he Is big enough and smart enough to take care of himself." If a neighbor complains of hie mean acts, the parents think that neighbor too low down to live. The hoodlum begins his course by running wild in the street; he ends it on the gallows. But, as a general thing, his parents deserve hanging better than he does. "To struggle with the evils springing from our National progress, we need to Increase the power of the Federal Gov ernment." President Roosevelt has ap parently been reading and digesting Macaulay to some purpose. An anchor has been often found to be a great de pendence in a storm. All sail and no ballast, or insufficient ballast, have sent many a stanch vessel upon the rocks. With a note of self-acclaim, one of the "Big Three" New York life insurance companies sends out a circular to policy - holders showing in detail how expenses had been reduced $3,278,000 for the first six months of 1906 as compared with the same period in 1903. What woful waste there must have been before the graft ers were exposed and fired. Freshmen have to do a cold-water stunt before they are thoroughly initi ated into Portland Academy. Doubt less the senior classmen think it will do them good. But there are some things that these young hazers need more, and that is good manners, correct training and seasonable castigatlon. Of course the Standard Oil tanks on the East Side ought to be removed. It is only a question of time when they will be the cause, through fire, of wip ing out all that part of East Port land. They retard building in that vi cinity, too, and will retard It more and more. The death-dealing tornado at New Orleans following worse disasters puts into strong contrast Oregon's freedom from Nature's violence. Only once since the white man came has there been a wind storm destructive of hu man life. This was in January, 1880. President Palma threatened a month since to resign and leave the Cuban re public to its fate; but, when his bluff Is called and he Is permitted to get out, he sets himself up for a martyr. What he wanted was for the United States to intervene against the other fellow. The Massachusetts Democrats grace fully indorsed both Bryan and Hearst. But there is no occasion for hilarity about it. The Ohio Republicans in dorsed Roosevelt and also "most heart ily approved of the course of Senators Dick and Foraker." Mr. Halllwell, a tobacco magnate, has married a trained nurse. She's worth nothing but her lovely self, and he's worth $20,000,000. Just think of that when you put your nickel In the slot machine to make a tobacco man's honeymoon. A fire escape with the access to it barred, 6uch as was found in the High School building, is like much of the teaching in that noble Institution. The theory suffices; practical use Is seldom thought of. It looks as If there were those who are determined to administer punish ment to Judge Tanner, or to take re venge upon him, because he didn't per sist In his perjuries to the end for pro tection of Senator Mitchell. We don't wish the docile Mrs. Piatt any undeserved luck, but we move that that Illinois bridegroom who chastised his wife within five minutes of the wedding ceremony be nominated and elected Piatt's successor. Miss 'Mae Wood, whom Senator Piatt didn't marry, Is entitled to further pub lic condolences. Think of the fine large alimony the late Mrs. Janeway has de prived her of. Two Japanese bankers were held -up in broad daylight at San Francisco, brutally maltreated and their money stolen. Has Van Auker now been vln dlcated? - . To the committees of the Y. M.-Y. W. C. A., the venerable, yet effective saw: If at first you don't succeed, go at it once more, and then some. Tf- costs 160.000 a day to intervene In ruhg Rnt renllv. are Secretary Taft and General Funston having so much fun as that out of it.' "Mr. Hearst will watch the ballot- boxes this time," remarks the Wash ington Star. So will Mr. Hughes, who is a wise man. Still, the Russians are not talking of intervening In the South. IDLENESS AS CAUSE OF RACE RIOT. "Make the negro work" is the rem edy for outrages by blacks, suggested by a number of Southern newspapers. Laws against vagrancy and Idleness should be enforced, they say. In this way they believe that vicious tenden cies will be curbed. "In nine cases out of ten," remarks the Dallas News, "the negro who as saults women Is the negro who does not work, but who is supported by a female admirer from the kitchen of her white employer, or a negro who roams through the country in search of localities where he can the most easily procure something to eat. . . . Scourge the loafer to labor." And likewise the reading spirit or the white mob, the Dallas paper says, Is the white Idler. A meeting in At lanta of reputable white and black citizens, declared that "the worst ele- ments" of both races were responsible for the cause of the outbreak and Its results, the worst elements being of the non-laboring, vagrant classes. There can be no security," says the Dallas News, "where there Is a pro fessional Idle class." adding: It rnuet be destroyed or it must be driven away If there Is to be protection of life and property. For It refuses to recognize the right of the man to that which he works for and creates. It will beg. and lr tne re sults of begging are unsatisfactory It will steal. If It is obstructed 4n Its thieving n will murder. With no respect for the rlgnts of property, it quickly reaches the point where It has no respect for life. And having come to this place In the lowest scale, riot, bloodshed and murder are attractive to It, and in such it la always- the most prominent element, as It la charged to be In the de plorable affair at Atlanta. The Augusta Chronicle takes this same view, saying: "Make the loafers work and trouble is obviated." Do away with the idlers, it remarks, and the better class of negroes remain. These latter are not the ones who make trouble. It Is the loafing, drunk ard class of negro men and negro wo men who make the police do extra work and entail so great expense on the community through court costs and Jail expenses. It is among the, negroes principally that the chain gang is recruited. . . . When the better class of colored people and the better class of white people are earnestly at work together for better conditions and better understanding, they ' will surely attain them." The Birmingham News calls for rigid enforcement of the vagrancy laws. "Let the authorities force every Idler to go to work or to go to Jail," it says. "A large proportion of the crimes committed ih Southern cities can be traced directly or indirectly to dives ana Joints frequented by vagrants. Let the dives and Joints where hun dreds of loafers collect to drink and carouse and gamble and hatch out crime and mischief be broken up." The same paper continues: New Orleans.. Mobile, Montgomery, Chatta nooga, Nashville, Memphis and other leading Southern cities are full of Idle -negroes, many of whom live by gambling, stealing or other lawlessness. And yet In all of these cities labor Is In great demand at good, wages. Here In Birmingham there is complaint of the scarcity of miners, hostlers, butlers, waiters, cooks and dozens of other kinds of laborers. The demand for labor was never greater and the wages offered are higher than ever before. Every idler In Birmingham who wants to work and who knows how to do anything or Is willing to learn can get work. And yet the city la full of loafers and idlers. Walk ing two block in the heart of the city where there are negro barber shops, eating houses. saloons and pool rooms It Is the exception rather than the rule when not less than 100 Idle negroes can be seen during any hour of the day lounging In front of these places or blocking the pavements. These and others like them should be made to go to work or get out. There is no place for hundreds of idle negroes and vagrants in this busy city and district where labor of all kinds Is in great demand. On the border land between North and South, the Washington Post gives this same advice, saying "Root out the para sites." Idle, vicious persons without le gitimate means of support, frequenters of low rum shops and companion schools of degradation, the Post says are agencies of the race conflicts, and adds. What the South wants Is no sectional ointment or prophylactic. The South needs what all the other sections need protec tion against the lawless, the Idle, the vicious, the criminal, whether black or white. Society has a right to defend Itself. Society Is under no obligation to furnlsn shelter, entertainment and opportunity to its enemiea. Enact vagrant laws without ref erence to race, color or previous condition make the vagrants move on or set them to hard work In the public service. There are roads to build. Make, these parasites uue ful. At all events, root them out of the neighborhood and put an end to their sinis ter activities. The ginmllls are not a cause; they are a consequence. Eliminate their clientele and they will perish naturally. "These phenomena are not peculiar to the negro In the South," goes on the Post. "The same causes produce exactly similar effects In white men and they operate as certainly In New England as In Georgia." The New York Times looks dubiously upon the plan to put idlers to work, say ing that while, If carried out, it would do much to cheek the evil in both races, "It Involves a serious improvement in public sentiment, to support it in any real effi ciency." The Times says further: If the policy were strictly and impar tially enforced it would do more to check the double ell than any other. It tends to meet, moreover, the one controlling fact in the situation that the Bouth has, needs, and cannot possibly spare ne gro labor. If the non-workers among the negroes and the whites as well, can be reduced to the lowest practicable number, the indispensable services of the rest can be retained. SAFE, SURE AND DEMOCRATIC FJLYiNCr lACHIIiE; Mgs2 fem ov.6. n&a. rn Krom the Chicago Chronicle. AMERICAN FARMER "I WOILDVT GIVE THIS OLD THOROUGHBRED FOB All. THE AIRSHIPS IN THE COl'JiTRY;" PANAMA WANTS TERRITORY Controversy With Colombia About Division of National Debt. WASHINGTON, Oct. 5 (Special.) Tho negotiations in progress for the renewal of friendly relations between Colombia and Panama are likely to strike a rock on questions of finance. Colombia de mands that Panama shall assume a por tion of her foreign debt. The proposition is that .the debt be assessed on the basis of population. ' The foreign debt of Colombia is about $15,000,000 and the population of Panama Is about one fifteenth that of Colombia. The debt Panama would be required to assume would be, therefore, about $1,000, 000. Panama has agreed to assume this debt, but as an offset claims to hold cer tificates of indebtedness to show Colom bia borrowed money from her while she was still part of that Republic to the ex- 1 oKn,, ei ATlft nnn Sho r-lnfms Pnlnm. Kl' " ,h "T'VhV, rnn ov n th. settle the Question. Colombia Is stubborn In the matter, and Panama Is unyielding except upon one point. Panama is willing to pay the mil lion dollars demanded in return for certain land upon which Colombia has a lien, but which Panama desires as part of her territory. As this would involve the seg regation of part of the territory of Co lombia, the latter government has abso lutely refused to consider the proposal. In the meantime, Colombia declines to recognize the independence of Panama. NOT EASY TO SECURE CHINESE Have Been Warned Against Deadly Climate of Isthmus. WASHINGTON, Oct. 5. The officers of the Isthmian Canal Commission are busy examining the proposals recently submit ted by contracting firms for furnishing Chinese labor for work on the canal at Panama. Because of the peculiar condi tions surrounding the importation of aliens In this work, complicated In part by the adjustment of some International features which probably will arise, sev eral weeks must necessarily elapse before any conclusions are reached and the con tract awarded. Some doubt Is expressed whether con tractors will be able to carry out any contract which may be awarded for sup plying coolie labor. On account of cli matic conditions, the Isthmian Commis sion desires that any laborers sent to the isthmus shall come from the southern provinces of China. In that section re ports received at the Chinese legation show that not a single Chinese newspa per favors the emigration of Chinese to Panama, as the experiences of those who went there for the French Canal Company are still fresh in the minds of the people. The Chinese were unable to withstand the conditions then, and it is said that about 75 per cent of those who went there died. Petitions from Chinese residents In Peru, San Francisco and at Panama have been sent to the government at Pekin, asking that it refuse Its sanc tion to any proposition to permit con tract laborers to go from China to Panama. Thus far. however, the Chi nese authorities have remained entire ly neutral in tho matter and have made no representations to the United States. Several years ago the Chinese were sounded by the State Department as to their attitude toward sending coolie labor to Panama, to which a polite but unfavorable reply was received. The suggestion has been made that If the Chinese Government interposes any objection, the contractors may resort to the Philippines or to the Straits Settlement, over which the Chi nese Government has no Jurisdiction. New Salvadorean Minister. WASHINGTON. Oct. E. 9enor Jose Rosa Pacas-, the new Mlnlter to the United States from Salvador and Hon duras, was presented to President Roose velt today. Mr. Pacas Is well known In Washington, having lived here for several months in 1902 as representative of Sal vador on the commission for the arbitra tion of the claim of the Salvador Com mercial Company, a California corpora tion, against the Salvadorean government. He also- represented his government at the recent conference on the United States cruiser Marblehead for the settlement of the war in which Guatemala, Honduras and Salvador were Involved. Transfers of Army Officers. OREGONIAN NEW9 BUREAU, Wash ington, Oct. 5. First Lieutenant Chester J. Stedman, assistant surgeon, now on duty with the Eighteenth aBttery of Field Artillery, upon arrival at Newport News will return to his station at . Fort Ste vens, Or. Captain Jesse M. Baker, Quartermaster, Is relieved from duty at Seattle and or dered to St. Louis for duty as assistant to the Depot Quartermaster at that place. Portland Firm, to Build Dam. WASHINGTON, D. C, Oct. 5. The Sec retary of the Interior has awarded the Pacific Coast Construction Company, of Portland, the contract for the construc tion of the Yellowstone dam and accesr sory structures of the lower Yellowstone irrigation project in Montana and North Dakota, the work on which must be com pleted by February 1, 1909. Northwest Postal Affairs. OREGONIAN NEWS BUREAU. Wash ington. Oct. 5. William H. Jordan has been appointed regular, William L. Lewis substitute, rural carrier, route 2. at Bickleton. Wash. Jennie Swaim has been appointed post master at Sauk, Wash., vice H. W. Sulli van, resigned. Appoints Kobb a Judge. WASHINGTON, Oct. 6. The President today appointed Charles H. Robb, of Ver mont, at present Assistant Attorney-General, to a Justice of the District of Co lumbia" Court of Appeals to succeed Jus tice Duell, resigned. SWIFT ENOUGH -Q, SOME FEATURES OF THE SUNDAY . OREGONIAN lirHt and fnremnnt, all the world ne8 by Associated 1tch, FM-ial correspondent ami mrnibert of Tho Oregumnn staff, making the fullest and most conipleto record of any Facific Coast newKpuper. FORCING HENS TO LAY EGGS IN WINTER A valuable article, telling of ex periments in the culture of poul try by a rortland scientist who has dovoted twenty-five years to improvement of domestic fowls through a diet based on sound hy gienic principles. Dr. Louis Decli mann, phys'cian and chemist, h;is made a deep life study of this sub ject in order to demonstrate the value to mankind of certain 1'oorts notably those containing iron which serve as makers of strength as well as preventives of disease. These experiments have resulted in developing fowls that conihine the best laying qualities with the finest flesh an achievement considered Impossible and really so under pres ent shiftless methods. Dr. Dech mann shows not only that this re sult may be obtained by any one who feeds fowls properly, but hens may be developed that will do tjieir best laying in winter when the market price is highest. Dr. Dechmann says that nowhere else in the world do sueh ideal con ditions exist for poultry raising as in Western Oregon and he counsels every orchardist to cultivate fowls. He is no theorist: he has the fowls themselves in his poultry yard. Under an intelligent system of feeding, Oregon's poultry product can be Increased millions of dollars a year. LITTLE OLD NEW YORK AS IT APPEARS TO A PORTLANDER A. H. Ballard writes from Man hattan, giving his impressions of the great metropolis, after an ab sence of several years. He then tells what the theaters big and little, are doing and outlines some of the things Portland may expect this season. GOD'S RELATIONS TO HUMANITY A twentieth century Methofllst ser mon by a man who imbibed ortho dox views and then changed. It is an address by Rev. C. fcl Cline, D. D., before the rerent Oregon Conference of tho Methodist iipls copal Ciiurch bold and clear, In which he declares that God's manl, festations are in spiritual and in tellectual life; not in miracles. MRS. O. P. H. BELMONT, VICE REGENT OF NEW YORK'S 400 A sketch of this noted . woman, mother of a British duchess, whom New York society resolved to turn down, but who, taken up by Mrs. Stuyvesant Fish, lias now become second only to her patroness, to gether with a snap-shot of Mrs. Belmont. Sho hasn't had a photo graph taken for ten years and makes old ones serve for publica tion. NIGHT RIDE IN A CAB ALONG THE COLUMBIA The prose and the poetry of a mount on a man-forged steed that strides the rails through the Cas cade Mountain gorge a vivid word picture by Ralph A. Watson -with tine pen pictures by V. A Rout ledge. TWO NOTED LIVING SOLDIERS OF FORTUNE One, of course, is Frederick Funs- ton, whose career, familiar to every American, reads like a romance. The other? Brigadier-General John J. Pershing, nine years aso an ob scure instructor at West Point. But he went into the war and then did things to the natives in Jolo and Mindanoa. He was promoted over the head- of 802 oilicers of the U. 3. A. UNCLE SAM AS A REINDEER FARMER How the experiments In Alaska turned out. While Rev. Sheldon Jackson has not cleared himself from serious charges, he did raise reindeer. Some striking photo graphs accompany the article. WHERE OUR GEORGE SUPPLANTED KING GEORGE This was in the unconscious evolu tion of geographical names in the Pacific Northwest. Kdmond S. Meany, professor of history. Uni versity of Washington, writes an interesting article showing how the - Father of His Country supplanted the discoverers' kins in the nomen clature of Fuijet Sound and adja cent waters. CHUCKWAGON CAL. ON POLITICAL BOOMS The cook of the calf wras'lers" out fit discourses on the early variety and points out the danfjer of po liticians setting too quick a start. BOOK REVIEWS AND NEWS OF LITERARY WORLD Books are coming in now for the Christmas and New Year trade, and some of the best of them are noticed on the book page, along wirh gossip concernins men and women prominent in the world of letters. Among bonks reviewed this week are: "The Pass." by Stewart Edward White; "Talcs from He rodotus," by H. L. Havell; "Stories from Dickens," by J. Walker Mc Spadden; "The Open Secret of Nazareth," by Dr. Bradley Oilman;. "Stories from Scottish History." by Madalen . G. Kdgar; "William of Orange," translated by George P. Upton; "Gems of Wisdom for Every Day," by H. B. Metcalf; "Lincoln at Gettysburg," by Clark E. Carr; "Beginners' Greek Book, by Professors Bonner and Smith; "Nine Orations of Cicero,' by Pro fessor Harkness; "An Introduction ary Course in Argumentation." by Frances M. Perry; "Melodic Read ers " iy V. H. Ripley and Thomas TappeT; "Bob Hampton of riacer." by Randall Parrish; "American Character," by Professor Brander Matthews; "Afloat on the Dosser Bank." by H. C. Moore; "The Beauty of Kindness," and "Heart Garden," by Rev. J. R- Miller. D D. ; "In Eastern Wonderlands, bv Charlotte Chaffee Gibson; "Playtime," by Clara Murray: "Ro berta and Her Brothers." by Alice W'ard Bailey; "Blackle." by Madge A. Bagham: "Long Ago in Greece, bv Dr B. J. Carpenter; "Pelham and His Friend Tim." by Allen French: "Tannhauser In Verse, by Olive Huckel: "Saturday Morn ings." by Caroline F. Benton; "Gudrun, Barbarossa," and "The Nihelungs." translated by George r Upton; "A Hunt on Snowshoes. by Edward 3. Ellis; "Holyland." by "Gntav Frenssen; and Hearts Triumphant." by Edith Sessions -Tupper. Wields tlie Ax in Bay C ity. RAN' FRANCISCO. Oct. 5. Frank M. Macstretti. a member of the Board of Public Works, was today removed from office bv Acting Mayor James Gallagher. In his letter to Maestretti. Mayor Galla cher assigns Inefficiency and general dis satisfaction with his work as the cause for his removal. Supervisor George F. puffy has been appointed to the vacancy on the Board of Public Works