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THE MOHNING OEEGONIAN, WEDNESDAY,- JULY 6; 1904.
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PORTLAND, WEDNESDAY, JULY 6, 1004.
I
FOURTH Or JULY EQUALITY.
Of course the Fourth of July could
not pass without repetition of the ora
tory of '76. Yet In fact it comes to little
to assert that all men are created equal.
For it is not true, in any practical
sense. To say it Is true in this, that all
men are equal before the law, is to say
nothing, for this is a truism, and, since
nobody questions It, a barren one. No
body pretends that mea are equal In
talents. Nor are they equal in their
opportunities. Of course all have the
same Jiatural right to strive after for
tune and happiness, to self-preservation,
to the free control of their persons
and property, to resist oppression, to
hold and express whatever opinions
they please. But this isn't equality.
On the contrary, all the conditions of
inequality, and all its hard facts, exist
in this state of things, beyond remedy
or alleviation. The phrase, "All men
are created equal," is one of those ab
stractions, or idealities, by which men
deceive themselves, or are deluded by
others.
There is legal equality, indeed, which
is merely civil equality; by which Is
meant the possession of equal rights In
the sphere of law by all members of a
given body politic This phase of equal
ity is not challenged in any civilized
state, and needs therefore no assertion.
By political equality is meant an equal
ity of right to share in the direction of
public affairs, either by way of holding
office, or by selecting those who do. But
there is no state of society In which all
persons have these privileges, on equal
terms; for Inequality Is assumed at the
outset, and particular qualifications are
required both for civil and for military
life. The state will not take It for
granted that all men are created equal,
and that labor, merit, character and ex
perience are to count for nothing.
Nor can any diffusion of political
rights lead to an equal diffusion of po
litical powers. As FItzjames Stephen
says, in his "Liberty, Equality and Fra
ternity": "Legislate how you will, es
tablish universal suffrage, if you think
proper as a law that never can be
broken, and you are still as far as ever
from equality. Political power has
changed its shape but not its nature.
The result of cutting it up into little
Dlts Is simply that the man who can
sweep the greatest number of them into
one heap will govern the rest. The
strongest man In some form or other
will always rule. If the government is
a military one. the qualities which
make a man a great soldier will make
him a ruler. If government Is a mon
archy, the qualities which kings value
in councillors, in generals, in adminis
trators, will give power. In pure de
mocracy the ruling irien will be wire
pullers and their friends." And again:
"To try to make men equal by altering
social arrangements Is like trying to
make cards of equal value by shuffling
the pack. Men are fundamentally un
equal; and this Inequality will show it
self, arrange society as you like."
Economic equality, or equality in pos
session of articles of material value, Is
as impossible. So likewise Is equality
of opportunity to get good situations to
work in; for employment in most cases
goes largely by favor or Interest
Look at It how one will or may, the
assertion that "all men are created
equal" becomes a phrase that all men
know is not true, or true only in some
ideal or sublimated way, of no partic
ular practical value to any. It Is, how
ever, a proper doctrine for revolution
ary times, and In such times It had its
origin. But it is not a maxim of gov
ernment, nor of orderly society; never
can be.
The Hoqulam people, who subscribed
$25 as an inducement for the late
Taddy" McMahon to make a high dive
on July 4 are undoubtedly satisfied
with the expendrcwre. It was the ele
ment of danger and the possibility of a
fatal termination of the act that made
the feat such a strong attraction, and,
in catering to this desire for something
out of the ordinary, McMahon certainly
gave the crowd all that it was entitled
to for the money. The fact that he did
not live to enjoy the proceeds of his
work Is in a measure deplorable, but in
this respect he is no worse oft than
some of the old-time gladiators who
were "butchered to make a Roman holi
day." A superficial comparison of his
case with that of the afore-mentioned
gladiators might lead one to infer that
civilization had "been stalled on a slow
train for & few thousand years. Closer
scrutiny of the cases, however, reveals
a material difference In the Induce
ments offered McMahon as comDared
with those held out to the old Romans.
McMahon was to receive $25 for getting
killed, while the Romans went to their
fate without being bothered as to what
they would do with the money in case
they cheated death.
FROM EXTREME TO EXTREME.
In the latest Issue of his Commoner
that of July 1 Mr. Bryan puts forth
the following statement, in an editorial
entitled "The Democratic Opportunity":
If the Democratic party Is to have any
standing in the campaign, it roust take a hold
and aggressive position. Its platform utter
ances must be clear and definite, and its in
dictment of the Republican pojicies must he
strong and emphatic The Presidential can
didate must be a man with known opinions
and a record that commits him to the people's
side of public questions. The Republicans
have -nominated a ticket that stands, and
stands positively, for all that is bad; the
Democratic ticket must 6tand positively for all
that Is good. With Judgo Parker running on
a cowardly, straddling platform, there would
be no enthusiasm and no hope of victory.
This day the Democratic Convention
will assemble at St. Louis. Mr. Bryan
Is on the ground, leading the delegation
from his state. He has dominated the
last two conventions cbmpletely, dic
tated the platforms, and on both occa
sions appropriated to himself the honor
of the nomination. When, therefore, he
says that the party now "must take a
bold and aggressive position," avoid "a
cowardly, straddling platform," and
name a candidate whose "record com
mits him to the people's side of public
questions" that is to say, "if the party
is to have any standing in the cam
paign" his meaning is easily under
stood. The new platform must contain
the essential features of the last two,
and the candidate must have a "record"
known to the country.
All this is leveled particularly and
specially at Judge Parker, who has no
political record, no principles or opin
ions known to the country or for which
anybody can vouch; and at those who'
are trying Jo nominate him and to
make a platform that will reverse or
nullify the platform adopted at Kan
sas City In 1896, and again at Chicago
in 1900.
Here is the critical point In the game
at St. Louis. The candidacy .of Parker
Is an effort to cut the party loose from
its past, and to put it In such position
that the business and property Interests
of the country will no longer be af
frighted, either by platform or candi
date. To this end there is a direct bid
or motion thereto to the favor of the
great capitalistic combinations, sup
posed to be hostile to President Roose
velt, because of his action in sundry
very important cases against them.
But the "conservative" forces of the
party this time will triumph. The party
will abandon "the people's side of pub
lic questions," in Bryan's phrase, and
go over to "plutocracy." We shall see
whether the radical change will make
any difference In Its fortunes; or
whether the country will not still hesi
tate to Intrust direction of Its affairs
to a party that turns now to one ex
treme and again to the other.
DOES MR. CLEVELAND TORGET?
Mr. Cleveland, In his Fourth of July
letter to Tammany, employed such part
of his customary magniloquence as has
not fallen wholly into innocuous desue
tude to censure the "arrogance" of
those who think the Republican party
better for the country than the Demo
cratic. He puts It In this way:
Nor should It be forgotten that the fathers
of the Republic delivered the results of their
work unreservedly to the care and manage
ment of all the people. Nothing can, there
fore, be more startling, or can Indicate a
greater reliance hy designing hypocrisy upon
popular degeneracy, than the impudent asser
tion by a political organization seeking to
perpetuate Its ascendency, that none not with
in its folds Is either competent or honest
enough to be trusted with Governmental direc
tion. Mr. Cleveland does not state the mat
ter with his usual fairness. It Is not
asserted anywhere that men of one
party are more competent or more hon
est than men of another party. But It
Is asserted with great confidence, by
great numbers, that the policy of one
party Is better for the country than the
policy of another.
Mr. Cleveland himself is entitled to
great respect for several acts in his ca
reer, of capital value to the country.
His services In maintenance of the gold
standard were Immense. He forced his
party (or a sufficient number of Its rep
resentatives, joined with Republicans,
to make a majority), to repeal the silver-purchase
act. He cleared out the
riotous strikers who had tied up the
railroads at Chicago, Sacramento and
other important points throughout the
United States, and set the traffic of the
country free. -He bought gold at ajcrlt
Ical time, and prevented the threatened
slump to the silver basis. Yet for these
things and other things done by him his
party denounced him and has been de
nouncing him ever since. It was Indeed
his own party's Intense disapproval of
Mr. Cleveland's action that brought the
forces of Bryanlsm Into control of the
party; and then Mr. Cleveland himself,
believing that his party was not "com
petent or honest enough to be trusted
with governmental direction" at least
for the time drew away from it, refus
ing to support its candlda'tes or its plat
form. So after all, when the matter Is stated
fairly. It isn't quite so "impudent" a
thing to entertain the doubt about the
Democratic party which Mr. Cleveland
so indignantly resents. In "making
up" with his party he ought to be
somewhat more cautious In his state
ments, and indulge a little retrospection
and Introspection, too. Since he has
shown such distrust of his party which
his party has repaid with Interest may
not others be excused for like distrust
without provoking the weight of his
ponderous rhetoric?
CHANCE FOR A REAL REFORMER.
Marlon County officials have In cus
tody a man who has served two terms
in the penitentiary and committed a
crime for which he was arrested the
third time shortly after his last dis
charge from prison. It is far from
probable that the three offenses of
which he was convicted are the only
ones he has committed. Prison officials
do not hesitate to set him down as a
hardened criminal who will repeat his
crimes whenever he has an opportunity.
What to do with men of this charac
ter is one of the large problems of the
time. All will agree that he should not
be permitted to propagate his species,
but it is doubtful whether we have ar
rived at the stage of advancement
where this can be declared and en
forced by legislation. With little, if
any, hope of accomplishing his refor
mation, the first difficulty is to keep
him confined so that society shall be
protected. The statutory punishment
for the crime of larceny, which seems
J to be ilia failing, is & comparatively
short term of imprisonment, after
which he must be turned loose to repeat
his offense, endangering even the lives
of those whom he would rob. The
whole question of handling criminals Is
too large for any hasty determination.
If some member of the Legislature Is
ambitious to do something that will
give his name a permanent place in the
history of this state, he can attain the
desired end by devising a system of
punishment and restraint that will be a
better protection to society and a more
effective agency In the reformation of
criminals. A careless superficial study
of the subject and legislation based
thereon would probably be of more
harm than good. There are a number
of members of the Legislature who are
fitted by study, by native ability and by
knowledge of affairs, to formulate laws
of this kind.
MISTAKE OF CAPITAL AND LABOR.
The weekly commercial report state
that business In New York for the last
week in June was of smaller volume
than for any oorrespomlhig period in
many years. This report, except In de
gree, 13 not dissimilar to those which
have been coming from the metropolis
for many weeks, and the banl- clearings
statement for the first half year occa
sions but little surprise In the poor
showing it makes for New York. The
clearings at that city, the financial
headquarters of the New World, for the
first six months of the year show a de
cline of 14 per cent as compared with
those for a corresponding period in 1903.
For the same period the clearings for
the rest of the United States show a de
crease of but 4 per cent, and those of
Oregon and Washington show a gain.
These figures, which form an accurate
reflex of the business of the country,
prove that New York has not yet com
pleted her course of drastic liquidation,
on which she embarked when an awak
ened speculative public abandoned the
attempt to digest "undigestlble" securi
ties. The present dullness, which is reflect
ed so plainly in the bank statements, is
due to the -Raiting attitude of the great
mass of producers and consumers who
have been caught between the upper
millstone of combined capital and the
nether millstone of combined labor.
When the trust era began, a tide of
prosperity was flooding strong all over
the country, and the demand for many
manufactured products exceeded the
supply. This situation afforded an ex
cellent opportunity for combinations of
capital In order that the prices stimu
lated by the remarkable demand could
be forced to still higher figures. Then,
as the prices on articles produced by
the trusts increased, labor demanded a
share of the higher profits that followed
the economy of production and the sti
fling of competition.
This was particularly noticeable In
the Iron and steel Industry, and labor
encountered but little more difficulty In
enforcing Its demands with the steel
trust than the trust experienced in
making the public pay higher prices for
its products. In the end all of this re
acted on the cost of production and
caused a slackening In the consump
tion. The flood tide of prosperity which
had led many of the overcapitalized
combinations "on to fortune" suddenly
reached "high-water slack," and the In
evitable ebb swept many promising
trusts into bankruptcy and ruin. Those
which remain are facing the problem of
again getting their business back on a
basis where the consumption will be
Increased, and it is the serious nature
of this problem that has made stocks
of all kinds a drug on the market and
frightened timid capital Into hiding.
Capital is organized and labor Is or
ganized, and neither is pleased with the
prospect for a reduction of Its profits.
Between these two great commercial
forces He the millions of unorganized
consumers, farmers and small trades
men. The latter are demanding a re
turn to the prices warranted by the
law of supply and demand, unhampered
by any unnatural combinations of
either capital or labor. Their demands
are slow in being recognized. Labor is
making a fight for retention of high
wages and capital Is holding out for
high prices for its products. A notable
Illustration of this strained condition Is
shown In the market for pig Iron, a
commodity too plentiful to be controlled
by the trusts. This has fallen at Bir
mingham from $25 per ton, the highest
point reached during the boom, to $9.25
per ton, and steelmaklng Bessemer
stock has declined from $21 per ton to
$12 per ton at Pittsburg. And yet but a
very slight reduction has been made In
the manufactured product, nor will
there be until both capital and labor
make concessions.
Hesitation on account of the Presi
dential campaign Is frequently given as
a cause for the unsatisfactory business
situation In the East, but .the check
upon domestic consumption due to ab
normal prices Is a much more Import
ant factor In the situation. This con
sumption will not be Increased, and
may show a further decrease, until cap
ital and labor resume operations on a
supply-and-demand basis.
ENJOYMENT TOR FARMERS.
The farmers' picnic Is rapidly becom
ing one of the most important features
of agricultural life In Eastern Oregon
and Washington. Within the past
month these Interesting affairs have
been held at half a dozen different
points east of the mountains. Thy
supply something more than is implied
by the word picnic, for, in addition to
the pleasant social features of the meet
ings, an opportunity Is offered for the
exchange of views and the discussion of
matters of general good to all engaged
In the farming industry. At some
of these meetings quite pretentious-displays
of livestock are made, and pre
miums are offered by local merchants
In the towns near where the picnics are
held. At one of these gatherings held
near Pullman, Wash., last week, these
premiums aggregated In value nearly
$1000, the capital prize being a buggy
valued at $115. This was offered for the
best Individual milch cow of any age
or breed, the test to be made by keep
ing a record of the amount of milk and
butter given by each cow each day dur
ing the picnic. During the meeting ad
dresses were made by professors from
the Agricultural College and by others,
and there were also sports and games.
These periodical recreation days are
distinguishing marks of the era of di
versified farming that Is superseding
the period in which a greater portion of
Oregon and Washington's cultivated
lands were devoted to wheat. With fa
vorable climatic conditions the cereal
grew, ripened, was harvested, threshed
and sold without the necessity of the
farmer exercising any great degree of
ability. Careful preparation of the
ground, of course., produced better re
sults than were secured when careless,
slipshod methods were followed; but the
industry, as a whofet offered no such
opportunity for the use of brains as is
afforded by diversified farming. The
discussion of this industry at the farm
ers' picnic, together With the attendant
social features, makes these affairs both
profitable and pleasant, and they .should
be encouraged.
The wreck of the Wabash flyer was
one of the sad catastrophes of the
Fourth, of July in the Middle West. It
Is the old story of a passenger train
running at a high rate of speed Into an
open switch, where it collided with a
stationary freight train. The only ex
planation offered is that the open
switch was the work of vandals. While
the Fourth of July spirit throughout the
country verges upon lawlessness, one
can scarcely conceive that, this extreme
would be reached In the name of
"sport." Still, when we are told that a
cannon cracker was Ignited and thrown
Into a crowd of women on Multnomah
Field on the evening of the great day)
where it exploded, set fire' to a thin
dress worn by one of the women, and
caused a panic for several minutes, we
can hardly suppose that the person
guilty of this outrage, with Its possible
elements of death and disaster, would
stay his hand when the spirit moved
him If the "fun" for which he was look
ing lay In a chance to turn a swlfch
and wreck a passenger train. Wanton
disregard of the rights, feelings and
safety of the crowd has come to be
characteristic of Americans of a certain
grade on Independence day.
It is not supposed, or imagined, of
course, by any observant or serious
person, that the noise and din of the
Fourth of July are produced by any
exuberance of patriotism, or by any
patriotism at alL It is the spirit of
noise, of licensed ruffianism, of mall
clous mischief, tolerated on that day,
In the name of patriotism, to which, I
uuwevcr, it ueurs nu reiauun wuuicver.
In any National emergency the persons
who are foremost In making this clat
ter would slink away out of sight, and
you couldn't whip them up to the front
with cat-o'-nlne tails. This thing will
correct Itself after a while. But we
shall "pass through many vicissitudes
of untried being," first. Meantime so
ber people and serious people and de
cent people will have to grin and bear
it. But the way we encourage or toler
ate "Fourth of July observance" merely
encourages hoodlumlsm.
More passengers were saved by the
lifeboats of the steamer Norge than
were saved by the lifeboats of the
steamer General Slocum, which burned
In New York harbor about a month ago.
This corroborates the opinion expressed
by The Oregonlan at the time that the
loss of life on the Slocum would have
been much less had the accident hap
pened in mid-ocean. The heroes of the
Norge displayed some skill and much
bravery In attempting to save the lives
of their unfortunate passengers.
Neither skill nor bravery were In evi
dence on the General Slocum, and, had
the Norge been In sight of such a fleet
of tugs, steamers and launches as the
General Slocum ran away from, her
death roll would have been very light.
Mr. Raisull, of Morocco, whose meth
ods for raising money make the lock
trick or the three-shell game nice and
legitimate by comparison, is reported
to be active again, and is collecting a
following and stealing cattle just out
side of Tangier. It is believed that the
supply of Americans In that vicinity
who are rich enough to be worth steal
ing has been exhausted, and the next
ransom required will be for a victim of
some other nationality. The experience
of foreign brigands with Miss El.en
Stone and Mr. Perdlcarls has been so
successful that there will undoubtedly
be a liberal Increase in the number of
captives taken before the end of the
year.
Fourth of July celebrations In the In
land Empire were interrupted In a
number of places by heavy downpours
of rain. Ordinarily this would have
been very disappointing to the patriots
who gathered In honor of the day. This
year, however, the rain was so badly
needed in many sections that its ap
pearance caused universal rejoicing,
and, in adding thousands to the value
of the growing crops, made full recom
pense for all damage to the bunting and
other Fourth of July finery.
Further details of the wreck of the
emigrant ship Norge merely add to the
catastrophe. Through it all the officers
of the Ill-fated vessel remained at their
several posts of duty, and nearly all of
them went down with the ship. It is
gratifying to note, however, that Cap
tain Gundel finally reached one of the
lifeboats and Is among the saved.
As an Illustration of how other excur
sion steamers were equipped, It itt an
nounced that 25,000 new life preservers
have been put into service on New York
vessels since the Slocum disaster, and
from 1000 to 1500 preservers a day are
being added to the number, all factories
working overtime in a vain effort to
keep pace with the demand.
On August 19 there will be organized
at Salem a State League of Postmasters
of Fourth-Class Offices. We had al
most said fourth-class postmasters, but
this would be Incorrect, for many of
those who occupy fourth-class offices
are first-class postmasters. Here's
wishing the new organization success.
Rev. J. Whltcomb Brougher has
found another highly moral section of
a great city. The Whltechapel district,
whither he hied himself when he first
went to London, he foun.d In morals a
pattern for some of our Western cities.
A-namln of no names, of course. There
are Innocents abroad.
A partial list of Fourth of July cas
ualties shows 42 dead au-i 1372 Injured.
When the lockjaw returns are In It Is
likely that the high standard of former
years for a successful and patriotic
celebration will be maintained.
If the Democracy should finally de
cide to declare for the gold standard,
there Is a very satisfactory model on
that subject in another St. Louis plat
form. It will do for a starter.
The Sultan of Turkey is reported to
be golngjnsane. His subjects need not
, worry, however, as a few American
battleships never fall to bring him to
his senses.
Mr. Bryan need not remain without
a home. He will find a "Welcome" sign
over the door of the Springfield Conven
tion. The Thibetans appear to have con
cluded that it is better to be civilized
THE FIRST FOURTH' OF JULY.
American Magazine. Vol. HI, Boston,
1837.
The Declaration of Independence was
publicly proclaimed and celebrated In Bos
ton on the 18th of July, 1776. A British
officer, one of several who were prisoners
on parole In Boston at the time, gives the
following Interesting account of the occa
sion: "On the 17th we each received a card
from the Governor (sic) (Chairman Board
of Selectmen (?) requesting the honor
of his attendance at a specified hour on
the morrow, In the 'Town Hall (Old State
House). As rumors were already afloat
touching the decided stand that had been
taken at Philadelphia, we were not with
out a suspicion as to the purport of this
meeting, and we hesitated for awhile as
to the propriety of giving the sanction of
our countenance to a proceeding which we
could not but regard as traitorous. Curi
osity, however, got the better of scruples,
which, to say the truth, were not very
well founded; and it was resolved, after
a brief consultation, that the Invitation
ought f.o bo accepted. Accordingly, at the
hour appointed we set out, arrayed In the
full dress of our corps. As we passed
through the town we found It thronged
in all quarters with persons of every age
and both sexes. All were in their holi
day suits, every eyo beamed with delight
and every tongue was In rapid motion.
King street (State street), Queen street
(Court street), and the other streets ad
Joining the Council Chamber were lined
with detachments of two battalions of In
fantry, tolerably well equipped: while In
front of the Jail (site of the old Court
house on Court street?) a brigade of artil
lery was drawn up, the gunners standing
by their pieces with lighted matches; nor,
to do them justice, was there any admix
ture of insolence in the joy which seemed
to pervade all classes. Whether long resi
dence among them and the anxiety which
we displayed never wantonly to offend
their prejudices, had secured their esteem
or whether they considered It beneath
the dignity of a grave people standing In
a position so critical to vent their spleen
upon lndviduals entirely at their mercy,
I do not know; but the marked respect
with which we were treated, both by sol
diers and civilians, could not be misun
derstood. The very crowd opened a lane
for us to the door of the hall and the
troops gavo us as we mounted the steps
the salute due officers of our rank.
"On entering the hall we found it oc
cupied by functionaries, military, civil and
ecclesiastical; among whom the same good
humor and excitement prevailed as among
the people out of doors. They received
us with great frankness and cordiality and
allotted to us such stations as enabled us
to witness the whole of the ceremony,
which was a simple as the most repub
lican taste could have desired.
"Exactly as the clock struck 1 Colonel
Craft, who occupied the chair, rose, and
silence being obtained, read aloud the dec
laration which announced to the world
that the tie of allegiance and protection
which had so long held Britain and her
North American colonies together was
forever separated. This being finished, the
gentlemen stood up, and each, repeating
the words as they were spoken by an of
ficer, swore to uphold, at the sacrifice of
life, the rights of his country. Meanwhile
the town clerk read from a balcony the
Declaration of Independence to the crowd;
at the close of which a shout began In
the hall, passed like an electric spark to
the streets, which rang with loud huzzas,
the slow and measured boom of cannon,
and the rattle of musketry. The batteries
on Fort Hill, Dorchester Neck, the Castle
(Fort Independence), Nantasket and Long
Island, each saluted with thirteen guns,
the artillery in the town fired thirteen
rounds, and the Infantry, scattered Into
thirteen divisions, poured forth thirteen
volleys, all corresponding to the number
of states which formed the Union.
What followed may hp described in a few
words. There was a banquet In the Coun
cil Chamber, where all the richer citizens
appeared, where much wine was drunk
and many appropriate toasts given. Large
quantities of liquor were distributed
among the crowd outside, whose patriot
ism, of course, grew more and more warm
at every draught; and when night closed
In. the darkness was effectually dispelled
by a general and what was termed then a
splendid Illumination. I need not say that
we neither joined, nor were expected to
join, in any of the festivities. Having
sufficiently gratified our curiosity, we re
turned to our lodgings and passed the re
mainder of the evening in a frame of mind
such as our humiliating and irksome sit
uation might be expected to produce.
"G. B. R."
Afraid of Carrie.
Milwaukee Sentinel.
President Roosevelt is commonly re
garded as an absolutely fearless man,
and has proved his courage on many
and divers occasions. But it appears
that there is one terror before which
Mr. Roosevelt quails. He let slip that
fact to a gathering of newspaper men
at the executive office on the day of his
nomination. "I hope," said the Presi
dent, looking about anxiously as he
passed eround a box of cigars when the
glorious but not wholly unexpected news
was flashed from Chicago, "I hope Carrie
Nation won't hear of this."
That Carrie Nation will hear of It must
be set down to a clear breach of confi
dence on the part of the recipients of
the cigars. No doubt these gentlemen
felt that their duty to their papers was
paramount, and their chance discovery of
the one thing tho President Is afraid of
was certainly worth publishing.
Mr. Roosevelt has faced many perils
and trials without flinching. He has
fought the battle of honest government
against Tammany toughs and heelers In
New York primaries; he has busted
bronchos, roped steers, hunted b'ars, and
catamounts, tackled bullies and bad men
In the wild West; he has dealt firmly
with White House bores and cranks,
charged up San Juan hill, and faced a
four-hour speech by Senator Morgan on
the canal question; but when it comes to
another encounter with the eloquent Am
azon of the Sunflower state he frankly
says, no more for him. To what use
Mrs. Nation will put this disclosure of
her dread power over the President re
mains to be seen.
Start of an Iowa Lawyer.
Green Bag.
An Iowa lawyer tells the following story
of his first month's practice. He went Into
a small country town and secured an
office room. In front of which was placed
the usual sign. Then he sat down and
waited for his clients to appear, all the
while feeling very much the dignity of
his position. The day passed and no one
called, and another, and another, until
weeks went by and still there had been
no client.
One morning, however, he was at tha
depot to attend upon the arjrval of the
daily accommodation train, quite an im
portant function of the town, when a
handsome, well-dressed young lady ap
proached and Inquired, "Is this Mr.
Smith?" At once the feeling of Import
ance returned, and In his blandest tone
he replied: "It Is, madam. What can I do
for you?"
"Can you tell mo how much it will cost
to send a sow and pigs down to the next
station?"
The "Local Option" Law.
West Side Enterprise and.).
In an interview with the West Side En
terprise this week. Squire Farrar, a mem
ber of the State Senate, Intimated that
the next Legislature may take some ac
tion on the local option law. While some
members may feel a delicacy In dealing
with a law placed on the statute books
through the Initiative and referndum,
Senator Farrar Indicates that he is not
afraid to take some action on the local
option law, for he "believes tho people did
not voto understanding on It. He does
not expect the Legislature to undertake
to repeal the law outright, but thinks Jt
might amend It In such a way that the
referendum would again be invoked, and
with a second vote Senator Farrar is of
the opinion that Ideal option would lose
overwhelmingly.
'TEMPERANCE" AND ABSTENTION
New York Times.
Mrs. Mary H. Hunt, a lady whose name
we recall as somewhat prominently con
nected with the work of tho Woman's
Christian Temperance Union, announces a.
rather startling conclusion as to the dis
qualification of moderate drinkers to hold
or express any opinions on the subject of
alcoholic beverages. She Is quoted by the
Hudson Register as saying:
It eeems not to occur to the moderate
drinker that he is not competent to lt In
Judgment on any question connected with
the beverage use of Intoxicants. As a Juror
in a question of law of this nature ho
would certainly be ruled out by any fair
minded Judge. The distinguished German.
Dr. Forel. says on this point: "As long as
one drinks just one glass a month one feels
the Irresistible need of excusing and de
fending that glass, and unconsciously one
becomes an advocate of the alcohol habit."
If this view of the original and ac
quired disqualification of tho strictly tem
perate drinker of alcoholic beverages to
sit In judgment on any question connected
with the beverage use of intoxicants Is ac
cepted, but two classes remain from which
to make choice of competent jurors those
who drink intemperately, i. e., the sots
and "soaks," and those who eschew alco
hol In every recognized form, and are the
unconditional and possibly at times intem
perate advocates of total abstinence for
themselves and others, Mrs. Hunt and
her friends and colleagues would certainly
exclude the intemperate drinkers from
the panel of eligible jurors. They would
Insist that persons in this condition of
mind and bddy are incapable of weighing
evidence, and that their opinions are val
ueless, since they would Inevitably defend
their own course of conduct, being too
far gone in mental decrepitude to recog
nize its sinfulness. Hence, the only peo
ple who are competent to pass judgment
on the beverage use of intoxicants are
those who never use them In that or any
other way.
The advocates of temperance would
make more progress and do less harm If,
instead of repelling the co-operation of
the moderate drinkers, they would wel
come and utilize It. However, as this
would be regarded by them as a com
promise with the "Demon Rum," and a.
surrender of principle. It Is probably more
than we can expect. The misfortune of
their position Is that It deters so many
wise men and women from co-operating
with the movement for practical tempor.
once. .Of course there may be, and doubt
less are, many good business reasons why
such, co-operation is not desired. But In
view of the fact that such talk as we
have quoted above brings the whole
movement Into contempt and develops
strong antagonisms where none should
exist, its unwisdom is obvious.
Navigation of the Dead Sea.
Graphic.
Since the earthquake in Palestine last
April, some one circulated the story that
the mouth of the River Jordan has been
so affected by the shock that the level of
the river had been altered to such an ex
tent that at the place where the historic
river goes Into Dead Sea there was now
a waterfall of considerable depth and
strength. This Is altogether false, and no
change whatever has taken place at or
near the mouth of the Jordan.
The writer has just spent some days
there, and made it his special business to
Investigate this matter. Much has also
appeared In periodicals about steamboats
navigating the Dead Sea. This, too, is a
fabrication. The only boat on the Dead
Sea is a small sailing boat about 20 feet
long. This boat makes trips as the wind
allows, from the north end of the sea to
the bay on the eastern side of the tongue
that divides the water near the middle.
Here at this terminus some Jews are lo
cated. The whole concern Is, In fact, in
the hands of the Jews, who, at a low rate,
buy wheat and barley from the Arabs, to
be delivered on the seashore. From there
It is shipped to the Jericho side and car
ried on donkeys to Jerusalem, where It
finds a ready sale at a good price.
When adverse winds blow, the little
craft is in danger of being swamped, for
the 6o-called Dead Sea becomes a living
mass of waves. The writer recently spent
four nights such as never will be forgotten-
on these waters, and the smartness of
the old man at the helm and his boy with
the three salla saved us from being
wrecked again and again. A charge of
one mejedle (three shillings and four
pence) a trip Is made for each passenger,
and for such a unique voyage this is not
exorbitant. There is some talk about a
small steam tug being put on the sea, but
tho authorities are loth to grant permis
sion. It will be a great boon. If ever it
does arrive, as it will bring the east and
west sides of Jordan nearer to one an
other for communication and trading pur
poses. o
Cause of Petty Dishonesty.
London Saturday Review.
The reason appears to be connected with
an Imperfect development of honesty. O:
rather, one might say It Is some evidence
of want of Imagination. The falling may
be compared to that of the man who holds
his duties as a citizen lightly so far as re
lates to his responsibility to the commu
nity as a whole; and -thinks that the whole
of life Is summed up In his relation to his
family circle and himself. He falls to
realize, to imagine, a wider entity than
these. So in the case of our supposed rail
way traveler or clubman. He cannot real
ize or he disregards an entity which is not
embodied in a distinct personality; some
body he can see face to face. That which
has not a physical body to be kicked or
an Individual soul to be saved is with him
equivalent to nonentity. This he will rob
on the largo or the small scale, as It may
happen; but he will certainly be quite
ready to pilfer from It at every opportu
nity. It cannot be said, however, that In
all cases of this sort there Is an actual
moral dishonesty. There Is nothing more
curious than to observe the hold trifles
often have on otherwise well-regulated
minds. People who 6annot be suspected
of avarice or disproportionate selfishness
will be mean and penurious about trifles,
though they may be generous In larger af
fairs. The charge has frequently been
made against women that they are pecu
liarly liable to the fascination of trifles;
that they desire them more eagerly than
men; and especially that they are Indiffer
ent to the law of meum and tuum In small
things. But perhaps if there is any real
difference It Is that they are franker about
their little manipulations and less accus
tomed to conceal them. They have been
treated In the past as pretty things, but
terflies not to be held responsible, or as
entirely unreasoning menials. Naturally
they haye taken their lords at their word.
The White Rose.
Sent by a Torklsh Lover to His Lancustrlan
Mistress.
Anon.
If this fair rose offend thy sight.
Placed in thy bosom bare,
Twill blush to And itself less white
And turn Lancastrian there.
But If thy ruby Up it spy,
As kiss It thou mayst deign,
With envy pale 'twill lose Its dye,
And Torklsh turn again.
Fairy Song.
John Keats.
Bhed no tear! O shed no tear!
The flower will bloom another year.
Weep no more! O weep no more!
Young buds .sleep In the root's white core.
Dry your eyes! 'O dry your eyea!
For I was taught In Paradise
To ease my breast of melodies,-
Shed no tear,.
Overhead! look overhead!
Mong the blossoms white an fed,
Look up, look up! I flutter now
On this flush pomegranate bough. ..
See mej 'tis this silvery hill
Ever cures the good man's ill.
Shed no tear! O shed no' tear!
The flower will bloom, another year.
Adieu, adieu I fly adieu!
I vanish in, the heaven's blue, -Adieu
adlsul
NOTE ANDC0MMENTi-
Society Is Hard.
"Uncle Joe" Cannon tells of the tribu
lations of a Congressman from the West,
out for re-election, whose wife craved so
cial 'honors, says the New York Times. It
appears that the statesman referred to
was a man of very plain habits, little
given to the frivolities of the smart set:
but In some way his spouse managed to
convince him that his re-election depended
In a large measure upon his taking a more
prominent part In "society." So the West
erner energetically set about to meet his
wife's views. But It went hard with him,
and finally, he despaired of ever becoming
anything like a society man.
"One day," says Mr. Cannon, "he came
to me in great distress. 'I'll be hanged If
I'm not getting sick of it,' said he. 'The
social game has got me goln good, for
sure. But what makes me mad is that I
should be trying to make good a bluff like
this when I haven't mastered one of the
fundamental ideas of the scheme.'
" 'And what is that fundamental Idea?'
I asked.
' 'Simply this, replied the candidate for
re-election, 'the fundamental Idea in order
to be a society man Is, as I figure it, to be
able to talk while you eat. Now. It's abso
lutely ridiculous In a man like me trying
to make any one believe he Is a society
man. When I talk I have to stop eating,
and when I eat I have to stop talking. It's
no use,' he added, dejectedly, Til never
make a society man.' "
Roosevelt Is the first President to be
born In a city. How Is that for the farm?
Japan, it is eald, has a Young Men's
Buddhist Association on the linos of the
Y. M. C. A. More Oriental adaptability.
The best thing that could be done with
Raisull would be to make him Sultan
of Morocco. He would be assassinated
quicker in that position than any other.
A horse named Bad News won a race In
Chicago recently. Like Vanderbllfs Hard
Bolled Egg motor boat, which can't bo
beat, the horse Is not badly named, on the
strength of the proverb that bad news
travels fast.
At last a New York flat building Is to
be erected for the use of families with
babies. Special rooms are provided for
the storage of baby carriages, and netting
will prevent the youngsters from falling
out of the windows or down the stair
wells. This will be a hard blow to the
comic papers, which have found the baby
less flat a fruitful source of amusement.
A traveling salesman, says to the Now
York Press: "Surely there is nothing new
under the sun, and your tale of the Iron
cow Is proof. Last year, while going
through Guaqulto, near Santlpec, selling
smoked glasses to natives through which
to view the eclipses, an exiled American
inventor showed me a mechanical cow
which was fastened to a shaft in such a
way that It ran around in a circle at a
fearful rate. The result, by reason of cen
trifugal laws, was that the outside teats
furnished cream! and the Inside ones the
unadulterated lacteal fluid."
Georgia surely must be devoted to base
ball. Here is what a late Issue of the
Augusta Chronicle has to say:
Tou could do almost anything you want
at an Augusta baseball game. There's the
preacher and the congregation you could
have service. There Is the Judge and the
jury and the lawyers you could hold court
There are the editors and reporters you
could get out a newspaper. There are the
young men and the beautiful girls you
could have a "party." There Is the Demo
crat and Republican you could have a
difficulty. There Is the umpire and the
kicker you could have a prizefight. There
are the bleachers you could have a town
meeting.
Mrs. Dore Lyon, of tho National Fed
eration of Women's Clubs, was talking
about the servant question to a reporter
from the New York Tribune.
"A maid at my hotel." said Mrs. Lyon,
"told me last night a new servant-girl
story. She said that a St. Louis woman
engaged a new servant and gave her a
number of instructions about her duties.
In conclusion she eald:
" 'And, Hannah, we have breakfast at
8 o'clock.'
" 'Very well, mum, Hannah answered.
'If I'm not down by that time don't wait
for me." "
Representative Sheppard, of West 'Vir
ginia, has a constituent up in the moun
tainous country of his district who has a
queer idea of the range of perquisites that
members of Congress have at their dis
posal, eays the Pittsburg Dispatch. Mr.
Sheppard nourishes the conviction that If
the Government distribution of seeds Is
continued statesmen will be transposed
into eeedmen. and that some legislative
knight on whose shield is blazoned a
radish in its glory, or a turnip In repose,
will Introduce a resolution to oust tho
American eagle from the mace and sup
plant It with a package of vegetable seed
as the supreme emblem of tho genius,
character and principal occupation of
American statesmanship. The gentle mis
sive that atlrred this outburst of sarcasm,
uttered with all the formality of a politi
cal panegyric on tho floor of the Lower
House of Congress, was as follows:
"Der Sir I wish you would send me the
seed and other things I mention below
one peck of some good early corn, 1 bu.
of cotton seed and some good sorghum
seed and a union suit of clothes, a coat
38 In elze and pants 33-3-1 and anything
else you are a mind to have sent me. I
need all these things, wlch the same will,
be gladly received."
i m i
OUT OF THE GINGER JAR.
Belle Aren't they nouveau riche? Louise
Gracious, yes! The father started with only
ten millions. Princeton Tiger.
Hewitt I'm always happy when I'm smok
ing a good cigar. Jewltt Tou expect your
friends to contribute too much to your happl.
ness. Town and Country.
Wife Did you notice how full of his subject
our pastor was this morning? Husband Yes;
and I also noticed how slow he wa8 In empty
ing himself of It. Chicago Dally News.
"I pity the man who can't learn something
from bis own mistakes. Now. that's one thing
I can do," said Bragg. "Ah! You're always
learning something then, aren't you?" replied
Knox. Philadelphia Ledger.
"One of the carpenters who Is working on
my new house drove 123 nails in one minute
yesterday afternoon. "Hush! Don't let the
police hear about IU They'll arrest him for
fast driving." Cleveland Leader.
Fathet You're always wanting more money.
Now, I was always satisfied with the very
email allowance my father gave me. Son Teen
he would have been foolish to have Increased
It. Now, with me the case la different," Chi
cago Dally News.
"You look hot." said Slnnlck. "One would
think you had been running "a race." "Well,"
replied Falker, the reporter, "I have been
chasing around today, for a fact." "For a
fact? What possible use could you have for
a fact ?" Catholic Standard,
"Oh, George," sighed the romantic girl, "I
wish you were like the old-time knights;1 I
wish you'd do something brave to show your
loye for me." "Gracious!" cried her flnace.
"haven't I agreed to marry you, and me oaly
getting 820 a weekr Philadelphia Prsa.
Nf
I
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