Morning Oregonian., October 21, 1903, Page 6, Image 6

THE MOKNIXG OEEGONIAN, WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 21, 1903.
DECISION IN ALASKAN BOUNDARY CASE SIGNED BY ALL SAVE CANADIAN COMMISSIONERS
AWARD IS SIGNED
MAY WEAN CANADA
-Alaskan Commission . Con
Britain Held To Be Toadying
tcrAmerica.
cludes Its Labors.
'CANADIANS NEVER GIVE IN
MEASURE OF LOSS IS SERIOUS
tMnps Agrrced Oa hy the Majority,
HbTTcver, "Will Contain. Their
Signature" Entire Dominion
Shows Bitter Feeling.
LONDON, Oct. 20. The engrossed copy
-of the .Alaskan award" waV -signed at 2:10
J?. M. The Canadian commissioners,
Messrs. Aylesworth, and Jette, declined to
sign the awaru. They submitted their
contrary opinions to tho tribunal, so as
to officially go qn record. While they de
clined to sign the award, they signed the
snaps agreed on by the majority.
The award relating to the Portland
Canal gives the United States two Isl
ands, Kannaghunut and Sltklan, com
manding the entrance of the Portland
channel and the ocean passage to Port
Simpson, and destroying the strategic
value of Wales and Pearee Islands, which
are given to Canada.
The mountain line adopted as the bound
ary Is so far from the coast as to give
the United States substantially all the ter
ritory In dispute. The lino completely
clears all the bays and inlets and means
of access to the sea, giving the United
States a -complete land-iarrler between
Canada and the sea from the Portland
Canal to Mount St Ellas. Around the
head of the Lynn Canal tho line follows
the watershed, somewhat in accordance
with the present provisional boundary.
In consequence of the attitude main
tained by the Canadian Commissioners,
Lord Chief Justice Alverstone decided this
morning not to hold the proposed public
meeting of the Alaska Boundary Commis
sion, but to hand its decision to Messrs.
Foster nnd Slfton, respectively agents of
the American and Canadian governments.
Canadian. Commissioner WilhdraTT.
The Canadian Commissioner not only de
clined to sign the award, but said they
would publicly withdraw from the Com
mission. They, as well as the Canadians
connected with the case, are very bitter.
Telegrams from Premier Laurier and other
prominent persons in Canada show this
sentiment is shared generally throughout
the Dominion.
Messrs. Jette and Aylesworth, in a state
ment of their reasons for refusing to sign
the award, say they consider the finding
of the tribunal regarding the islands at
the entrance Of Portland Canal and the
mountain line is not a judicial one. They
add:
"We urged our "views as strongly as
we "were able, but we have been compelled'
tp witness the sacrifice of the interests of
Canada. We were powerless to prevent it,
though satisfied that the course which the
majority was determined to pursue In re
spect to the matter specifically- re
ferred to ignored tho just rights of Can
ada." SHOWED GOOD FAITH. ,
Canadian Minister of Interior Has
U?o Fault to Find With. America,
IONDON, Oct 20. In an interview be
tween a representative of the Associated
Press and Clifford Slfton, the Canadian
Minister of the Interior, and agent of
Great Britain, the latter said:
"The award "was substantially In favor
of the United States all along the line. Wo
ha(ve, it is true, succeeded in establish
ing two of our main contentions, firstly,
as to the Portland Channel, and second
ly, as to the existence of a mountain
boundary line, but while finding in favor
of our contentions upon these phases of
the case, the tribunal has worked out a
line in .such a way as to deprive us of all
practical benefits. While we get Wales
'and Pearse Islands, which the Americans
have been In possession of for some years,
they are deprived of value to Canada hv
the fact that two islands which lie imme
diately outside and command the entrance
to observatory inlets to Port Simpson are
given to the United States. I do not pro-
less to unaerstana tne principle upon
r "The mniintnln hminrlnrv Tin nhn
adopted as contended for by Canada is
drawn so far back that the United States
gets practically all she has seriously con'
tended for.
"As to our position on the subject of the
heads of Inlets, it has apparently received
no consideration from the majority of the
tribunal.
When questioned regarding the conduct
of the case by tho representatives of the
united States, Mr. Slfton said:
"I have to say that the agent and the
counsel of the United States acted -with
perfect courtesy and good faith through
out.
BEST FOR, PEACE AND HARMONY.
aeiv Brunswick: Senator Wants
Give Up No More Territory.
to
OTTAWA, Ont. Oct 20. The signing
of the award In the Alaska boundary com
mission, having been discounted In the
dispatches of the Associated Press, caused
no excitement and little additional com
ment here. Sir Wilfrid Laurier. the Pre
mier, declined to confirm or deny the re
port that he had cabled anything regard
ing tne reeling in tnis country.
In reply to a question by Dr. SorouleR.
who was leading the opposition in tho
House today, the Premier -would onlv
say he had information that the award
would ne signed, and It would not be unan
imous.
"It goes without saying, of course, that
noooay -will suppose that I presumed to
communicate with the commissioners re
garding their line of conduct"
Senator Poiriere. of New Brunswick.
in the Senate referred to the decision in
the Alaskan boundary. The commission
ers, he said, virtually, practically and
actually ceaed tne whole of the coast
in dispute to the United States. That
was no surprise. It could have been an
ticipated and very likely it is the best
thing that could have been done for an
arrangement Is often better than a suc
cessful lawsuit
"I And," said he, "no fault with the
tribunal: we can afford for the sake of
peace and harmony with our neighbors.
to give up a third slice of our territorv.
but I think It Is time to call a, halt and
look forward to how many other slices
-we may be called on to part with, and see
if wo cannot avert the primary dlsmem
oermcnt oi tne uominlon."
MONTREAL WILL SAY LITTLEl
People Are Disappointed, but Are
Guarded in Tlielr Expression
MONTREAL Oct 20. A strong feeling
or aisappomtment ana resentment per
vades the local atmosphere in recrard to
the Alaskan award, hut while In private
talk people express themselves as disgust
od, they guarded themselves 'very care
fully In their public utterances, and It Is
difficult to get much expression of dlsap
pointmcnt
Some of the prominent men, like Mr.
McNlcoll, one of the vice-presidents of
the Canadian Pacific Railway, openly
ridicule the Idea that the Canadian Inter
ests have not been looked after properly
and -cave teen sacrinced.
ALVERSTONE IN DEFENSE
NOTED JURIST TELLS WHY HE
WEXT AGAINST OWN NATION.
Xo Rule of International Law Would
by Implication Give Recognized
Meaning to Word "Coast"
LONDON. Oct 20. Special opinions
were submitted on the second and fifth
questions by Lord Alverstone, Secretary
Root and Senators Turner and Lodg
which will form part of the record and
in which the reasons for their conclu
sions are explained.
As the Associated Press has been in
formed that Lord Alverstone and the
American commissioners rely on these
opinions to answer the criticisms of the.
Canadian members of the tribunal, the
opinions arssume more than a legal and
technical Interest
Lord Alverstone, in dealing -with the
second question, recites his reasons for
believing that the entrance of tho Port
land Canal was at- 54.45 north latitude.
'After the most careful consideration
of -every document In the case," Lord
Alverstone says, "I have found nothing
to alter or throw any doubt on the con
clusion I have arrived at and there are
certain general considerations which
greatly strengthen it Inasmuch as the
question submitted to us only Involves
the determination of the channel de
scribed In the treaty by 'the words 'the
channel called tho Portland Canal,' subse
quent history can throw no light upon
this question; but I think it right to say
that the use in 1S53 of the name 'Portland
Unlet' in the British Admiralty charts.
upon which the United States much ro
lled, has, in my opinion, no bearing on
the question. I therefore answer the sec
ond question as follows:
".The channel which runs north of
Pearse and Wales Islands end the Island
of Sitklan and Jannaghunut and issues
Into the Pacific between Wales Island
and Sltklan Island.
"ALVERSTONE."
"Count" an Ambiguous Term.
On the vital question. No. 5, Lord Al
verstone submits seven printed pages.
Among other things the Lord Chief Jus
tice says:
"In my opinion It is certainly pointed
out on behalf of the United States that
the -word 'coast is an ambiguous term.
There is, as far as I know, no recog
nized rule of international law which
-would, by Implication, give a recognized
meaning to tho . word 'coast' as applied
to such sinuosities and such -waters dif
ferent from the coast Itself. After a
most careful examination I am unable to
find any passage In the negotiations con
nected -with the treaty of 1S25, which sup
ports the view that Great Britain was
directly or indirectly putting forward a
claim to the shores of ports at the heads
of Inlets.
"I have felt it my duty to express rea
sons which led me to the conclusion to
which I have come that the answer of the
fifth question should be in the affirmative
because I am constrained to take a view
contrary to that presented on behalf of
Great Britain."
"The considerations urged on behalf of
Canada," continued Lord Alverstone.
"strong as they are in favor of a lust
and equitable modification of the treaty.
ao not, in my opinion, enable one to
put a different construction upon the
treaty."
This, briefly, is Lord Alverstone's ex
planation of why ho decided against the
contentions of his own countrymen, and
tnereoy 'settled the long-standlngi dis
pute. It Is impossible to .deal adequately
by cable with the technical details he ad
duces in support of his belief.
Root and Turner File Opinions.
Messrs. Root and Turner also submit
long Joint opinions on questions Nos. 5
and 2. The opinion on question No. 5 Is
a peculiarly able and judicial expression.
aeniing witn tne contention of counsel on
both sides, with this result:
"It Is Impossible to resist the
slon that the construction of the treaty
jiuw conienueo. xor oy ureat Britain is
an afterthought never entertained hv
any officer of the British government dur
ing the lifetime of the makers of the
treaty and -which originated at least go
years after the treaty was signed."
j.ne opinion or Mr. Aylesworth has not
yet been turned in.
CONTROLS KLONDIKE ENTRANCE.
American Title to White and Chil
koot Passes In Confirmed.
WASHINGTON, Oct 20. Secretary Hay
today received a telegram from John W.
Foster, of American counsel before the
Alaska Boundary Commission, giving the
details of the award of that commission.
The cablegram shows the contention
of the United States haB been granted In
almost every case. It also stated that tho
Canadian Commissioners refused to sign
the award. Secretary Hay presented the
cablegram before the Cabinet at today's
meeting.
Mr. Foster did not undertake to supply
Secretary Hay with the text of the agree
ment reached by the Commission, but fur
nished & report of the articles of submis
sion. This outline Is quite sufficient to
enable the State Department officials to
form an accurate conclusion as to the
nature of the Commission's decision, and
they make no concealment of the satis
faction with which they look upon It The
diversions from tho American claim as set
out in the Hay-Pauncefote modus vlvendl
are even more favorable to tho American
case than the limitations set out In that
document '
One of the most important acquisitions
Is the confirmation of the American title to
tho White Pass and Chilkoot Pass, the
only practical available entrances to the
Klondike country from the head of the
Inland waterway. In the former of which
stands the Canadian custom-house, -which
must now give -way to American control.
The northern boundary stands exactly asjSuht swelte Trj- them. ess.
XEW ALASKAX BOUXDAR.Y, AS FIXED BY THE
it -was contended by the Americans SO years
ago, and as set out in the modus. On
the -western side there Is a slight diver
sion of tho boundary line to the east as
made by tho Commissioners, as compared
with the modus, so as to make the south
ern terminus at Cape Falrweather. This
Involves, It Is believed, a loss of a few
miles of territory from the extreme Amer
ican claim, but it is said this land
Is worthless for mining purposes and on
the other hand the American prospectors
have not confirmed their right to seal
claims upon the supposedly rich gold fields
at the JGehinl River.
The attitude of the Canadian Commis
sioners in refusing to sign tho Commis
sion's report Is scarcely a matter of sur
prise to the department -officials, for they
realize thai in the present heated state
of mind of (he Canadians a Commissioner's
lot would bo unpleasant If he made any
sort of concession to tho United States.
The fact Is that when the Commission was
created, Secretary Hay - felt It was
too much to expect of human nature to
look to the Canadian members of the Com
mission to take any but an extreme view
of the case, regardless of the proof pre-
seated by the Americans, and he relied
almost entirely upon the sound judicial
instincts of the great English jurist who
presided over the Commission properly to
appreciate the weight of the American
case, which the Secretary regarded as In
vulnerable. If it cculd ever have a fair
hearing.
What Mr. Foster has to say as to that
portion of the decision touching the Port
land Canal goes to diminish the impor
tance of even that slight Canadian victory,
for he confirms the London report to the
effect that free navigation of that -waterway
on thn western side, -with full control
of the western shore. Is retained by the
United States, -while the loss of Pearso
and Wales Islands from the extreme
American claim Is partially mot by con
firmation of title to two other islands
at the mouth of the canal, -which from a
military point of view dominate the pro
posed terminus of the Port Simpson Rail
road nnd the adjacent British forts.
COMMENT OF LOXDOX PRESS.
British Rights Surrendered on Al
tar o American Friendship.
LONDON, Xct 20. "From a British
view point, tho best that can bo said of
the settlement of tho Alankan boundary
dispute Is that it is over."
In the foregoing -words, the Graphic
strikes tho keynote of London press com
ment on the decision of the Alaska bound
ary tribunal. This decision Is generally
denominated "the surrender of British
rights on the altar of American friend
ship." While there Is no suggestion of
personal criticism to either Lord Chief
Justice Alverstone or tho American Com
missioners, the tendency Is to regard the
Canadian Commissioners as the heroes of
the hour for their refusal to sign the doc
ument surrendering what they considered
to be the rights of tho Dominion.
The question of the effect of the decision
and the attitude of Canada toward the
mother country Is seriously raised, and in
some quarters it is predicted that the find
ings will strike a severe blow at the arbi
tration of any future case where there
may bo a conflict of colonial and American
Interests. No doubt Is anywhere expressed
but that Canada -will abide loyally by the
decision.
FLING AT ROOSEVELT.
Toronto Paper Holds Commissioner
Had Minds Made Up.
TORONTO, Ont, Oct 20. Discussing
the Alaskan boundary decision, the Tele
gram (Independent) says:
"The Alaskan boundary controversy
has ended Just as all controversies In
which British diplomacy plays a port
must end. In a victory for a country that
Is unscrupulous enough to claim every
thing and cunning enough to trade on the
English good will that would sacrifice
anything rather than keep open a cause
of difference with the United States."
The Witness (Liberal) says editorially:
"It was as certain as any human ques
tion could be that no commissioner ap
pointed by the United States would go
back to their country having voted to
sacrifice Skagway and Dyea. To make
assurance doubly sure the President
sacrificed his dignity by selecting com
missioners who had already publicly and
determinedly committed themselves."
TURNER AND LODGE LEAVE TODAY
Ex-Washington Senator Will Xot
Discuss Stand of Canadians.
LONDON. Oct 20. Senators Lodge and
Turner will sail for New York tomorrow
on the steamer Cedrlc General J. M.
Dickinson will start for home Saturday.
All the commissioners and counsel ex
press natural satisfaction at the award.
In an interview with a representative of
the Associated Press Senator Turner said:
"I believe it to be a. fair and Just set
tlement as between two governments, and
i am very glad indeed that the majority
of the commissioners should see their way
clear to Join In such award, thus justify
ing the confidence of the two govern
ments, and. that a decision could be
reached by jurists wholly from the two
Interested countries."
Senator Turner declined to discuss tho
statement of the Canadian commission
ers, Messrs. Jette and Aylesworth.
MUST TRY TO GET IT BACK.
Canadian Lawmaker Promptly Called
to Order tor Statement.'
OTTAWA. Ont, Oct 20. When the
railway subsidies were under discussion
tonight Colonel Hughes suggested that
an all-Canadian road be built to tho
Yukon from the Pacific Sir Wilfrid
Laurier, the Premier, replied that Cana
da would have to do this, now that the
award had gone against her In the Alaska
boundary controversy.
Mr. Gourley, In a rather low tone, said
Canada would have to try to get back
the territory that is lost There was a
cry of "order" and that ended tho dis
cussion. Manv forms of nervous debllityin men
yield to the use of Carter's Little Liver
ARBITRATION COMMISSION, "WHICH
GIVE SIDE OF CANADA
COMMISSIONERS CONTEND AX IX
' JUSTICE HAS BEEX DONE.
Islands Avrnrded to Dominion of Xo
Strategic Valuei Xot So With.
Those Given to America,
LONDON, Oct 20. The statement of
Messrs. Jette and Aylesworth, the Cana
dian commissioners, regarding the award
is as follows:
"The decision of the Alaska Boundary
tribunal has been given, and In view of
Its character the people of Canada are, in
our judgment entitled to such explana
tion from us as will enable them to com
prehend fullv the manner In which their
IWtercsts have been dealt with. We take
P.e 4?,nt8 of tte aocJ;Ion n the order in
which they are presented under the treaty
under which the tribunal was constituted:
"First The Portland Canal: There are
two channels parallel with each other,
with four Islands between them. The
Canadian contention was that the north
ern channel should be adopted. The United
States contended for the southern chan
nel. On the result of the decision de,
pended the possession of the four islands,
Kannaghunut Sltklan, Wales and Pearse.
When tho tribunal considered this ques
tion, the view of the three British com
missioners was that tho Canadian con
tention was absolutely unanswerable. A
memorandum was prepared to read .to the
commissioners, embodying our views and
showing It to be beyond dispute that the
Canadian contention in this branch of the
case should prevail, and the bound
ary should run to tho northward of the
four islands, thus giving them to Canada.
Notwithstanding these facts the- members
of the tribunal, other than ourselves, have
now signed an award giving two of the
Islands, Kannaghunut and Sitklan, to the
United States.
Laclc Strategic Value.
"These two Islands are the outermost of
the four. They command the entrance of
the Portland Canal and the ocean passage
to Port Simpson. Their loss wholly de
stroys the strategic value to Canada qf
the Wales and Pearse -Islands. There is,
in our opinion, no process of reasoning
whereby the line thus decided upon by the
tribunal can be Justified. It was never
suggested by the counsel In the course
of argument that such a line was possible.
Either the four Islands belong to Canada
or belong to the United States. In the
award Lord Alverstono agrees with the
United States Commissioners that the isl
ands should be divided, giving the two
which possess strategic value to the
United States.
"Second The line northward from Port
land channel: Substantially the Canadian
contention regarding this line was that
there are mountains parallel with tho
coast within the meaning of tho treaty
of 1S25, and the tops of such moun
tains should be declared tho boundary,
the mountains nearest the sea being
taken.
"The United States contention was that
there are no mountains parallel with the
coast within the meaning of the treaty,
and the boundary must therefore bo
fixed under the provisions of tho original
treaty to ten leagues, and so be run a
distance of 33 miles from the shore, in
cluding In the term 'shore' tho heads of
all Inlets, bays, etc. The tribunal finds
the Canadian contention Is correct
as to the existence of the mountains with
in the terms of the treaty, but the fruits
of victory have been taken from Canada
by fixing as a mountain lino a row of
mountains so far from tho coast as to
give the United States substantially nearly
all the territory In dispute.
"Around tho head of the Lynn Canal
the line follows the watershed, somewhat
In accordance with the present provisional
boundary.
"We are of the opinion that the moun
tain line traced by King, the Dominion
astronomer, along tho coast should have
been adopted, at least so far as the
shores of the Lynn Canal. If effect were
given to the contention that Great Brit
ain had been acquiescent in depriving her
self of her right to claim the head of tho
Lynn Canal wo would have regarded such
conclusion as perhaps an open and rea
sonable justification. No such position
can, however, be taken regarding the In
lets lower down the coast King's line,
running along the coast to tho Lynn
Canal, and the line thence around the
head of the Lynn Canal, following the
watershed, would have given Canada the
heads of the lower Inlets, with at least
one fine harbor from which easier access
to the interior of tho Atlin and Yukon
country could have been had. It would
not so far as' we havo been made aware,
have taken any territory over actually
occupied by United States citizens; It
would have given the United States the
whole of the Lynn Canal, Including Skag
way. Dyea and Pyramid harbors, and It
would have, we think, been reasonably
satisfactory to Canada. Instead of taking
the coast line of mountains, a line of
mountains has been chosen far back
from the coast clearing completely all the
bays. Inlets, etc
"The mountain lino adopted as the
bundary line lies so far from the coast as
to give tho United States substantially all
the territory In dispute. The line com
pletely clears all the hays and inlets and
means of access to the sea, giving the
United States a complete land barrier be
tween Canada and the sea, from the Port
land Canal to Mount St Ellas.
"We have not been able to derive any
understanding from our colleagues on the
commission as to the principle on which
they have selected their line of moun
tains, and our observations of the dis
cussion which resulted In the settlement
of this line have led us to the conclusion
that Instead of resting an any-ntelllgible
principle the choice of this line Thas been
a compromise between opposing and en
tirely irreconcilable views of the true
meaning of the original treaty. The re
sult of this compromise has, we think,
been a distinct sacrifice of the interests
of Canada. When it was shown that there
were mountains parallel with tho coast
HAS JUST FINISHED ITS LABORS IX
within the meaning of the treaty, the only
logical course, in our judgment, was to
adopt as a boundary the mountains In
the Immediate vicinity of the coast
"Third Regardlng'the general questions
of Inlets the tribunal finds against the
contention of Canada. We are both
strongly of the opinion that this conclu
sion Is wrong and we have put on record
at length the reasons for our view In this
respect
"Finally, if the six members of the
tribunal had each given an individual,
judicial decision on each of the questions
submitted we would have conceived it to
be our duty under the treaty of 1903, how
ever much we might have differed with
our colleagues, to have Joined in signing
the document which constituted the offi
cial record of answers.
"We do not consider the finding of the
tribunal as to the Islands at the entrance
of Portland Canal or as to the mountain
line a judicial one. We have therefore
declined to be parties to the award.
."Our position during the conferences
of the tribunal has been an unfortunate
one. We have been in entire accord be
tween ourselves and have severally and
jointly urged our views as strongly as we
havo been able, but we have been com
pelled to witness tho sacrifice of the In
terests of Canada. We are powerless to
prevent It though satisfied that the course
which the majority was determined to
pursue In respect to the matters above
specially referred to. Ignored tho Just
rights of Canada."
FIXDIXGS OF COMMISSION.
Ansivcrx to the Seven Questions
Which Were Considered.
LONDON, Oct 20. The seven questions
submitted to the arbitrators were:
L What is Intended as the point of
commencement of the line?
Answer. Tho line commences at Cape
Muzon.
2. What channel 13 the Portland Chan
nel?
answer, xuo rurunna vaannei passes I
north of Pearse and Wales lHands and
enters the ocean through Tongas Passage,
between Wales and Sltklan Islands
3. What course should the lino take
from the point of commencement to the
entranco to Portland Channel?
Answer. A straight line tc the middle
of the. entrance to tho Tongas Pass.
4. What point on the 56th parallel Is
the line to be drawn from the head of
thfc Portland Channel, and what course
should It follow between these points?
Answer. A straight , line between
Salmon and Bear Rivers direct to the 56th
parallel of latitude.
5. In extending the line of demarcation
northward from said point on the parallel
of tho 56th degree of north latitude fol
lowing the crest of the mountains situ
ated parallel to the coast, until its in
tersection with the 3.41st degree of longi
tude west of Greenwich, subject to the
condition that if such line should any
where exceed the distance of ten marine
leagues from the ocean, then the bound
ary between the British and Russian
territory would be formed by a line
parallel to the sinuosities of the coast
and therefrom not more than ten marine
leagues, was it the intention and mean
ing of said convention of 1825 that there
should remain In the exclusive possession
of Russia 4i continuous fringe or strip
of coast on the mainland not exceeding Church convention reached Its climax to
ten marine leagues, which, separating the aay Dr- George W. Muckley made his
British possessions from the bays, ports, ; report on church extension, which showed
Inlets, havens and waters of the ocean, an advance over any previous year,
and extending from tho said noint on the ! Rev. J. H. Wagoner made his reoort
B5th degree of latitude north to a point
where" such line of demarkation should
Intersect the 141st degree of longitude
west of tho meridian of Greenwich?"
Answer. In the affirmative.
6. If the foregoing question should be
answered In the negative and In tho
event of the summit of such mountains
proving to be In places mdre than ten
marine leagues from the coast, should
the width of the llslere which was to
belong to Russia be measured, (1) from
the mainland coast to the ocean strictly
so called, along a line perpendicular
thereto, or (2) was It the Intention and
meaning of the said convention that
where tho mainland coast is Indented by
deep Inlets, forming part of the territorial
waters Of Russia, the width of the llslere
was to be measured (a) from the line
of the general direction of the mainland
coast or (b) from the line separating
the waters of the ocean from the terri
torial waters of Russia, or (c) from the
heads of the aforesaid Inlets?
Answer. Required no answer after the
fifth question had been answered in the
affirmative.
7. What, If any exist, are the moun
tains referred to as situated parallel
to the coast, which mountains, when
within ten marine leagues from the
coast are declared to form the eastern
boundary.
Answer. The majority of the tribunal
havo selected the line of peaks starting
at the head of Portland Canal and
running along tho high mountains on
the outer edge of the mountains, shown
on the maps of survey made in 1S93, ex
tending to Mount Whipple and thence
along -what Is known as the Hunter lino
of 1S7S, crossing the Sukine "River about
24 miles north, thence northerly along tho
northern peaks to Kate's Needle, from
Kate's Needle to the Devil's Thumb.
The tribunal, stated that there was not
sufficient evidence, owing to the absence
of a complete survey, to identify the
mountains which corresponded to those
intended by tho treaty. This contem
plates a further survey of that portion
by the two governments. From tho vi
cinity, of Devil's Thumb the line runs to
the continental watershed, thence through
White and Talya or Chilkoot Passes
westerly to a mountain. Indicated on the
map attached to tho treaty as 6S30 feet;
thence to another mountain 5S0O feet and
from that point in a somewhat curved
line across tho head of the' glaciers to
Mount Falrweather. lThls places the
Canadian outpost in upper waters of
Chllkat River In British territory, and
the minjng camps of Porcupine and Gla
cier Creeks In American territory. From
Mount Falrweather the line passes north
on high peaks along the mountains In
dicated on the map by Mounts PInta,
Ruhama and Vancouver to Mount St
X Ellas.
LOXDOX.
VIEW TAKEN BY CABINET
GREATEST DIPLOMATIC SUCCESS
FOR A GENERATION.
America's Title to Valuable North
west Territory Is Made Secure
lor AH Time.
WASHINGTON, Oct. 20. At tho meeting
of tho Cabinet today hearty felicitations
were exchanged between the President and
his advisers over the result of the delib
erations of the Alaska Boundary Commis
sion. Secretary Hay presented the decls
tlon of tho Commission as stated In the
official dispatch to the State Department.
Tho decision Itself Indicates more clearly
than anything else could how complete the
American victory.
By the President and the Cabinet
the result achieved by the American
Commissioners is regarded as far and
away the greatest diplomatic suc
cess the United States has had for a gen
eration. It is pointed out that tne decis
ion" of the Commission Insures to this
country for all time the only spot on earth
concerning which there was any question
about relinquishing, and the course pur
sued, by this Government Is regarded as
having been vindicated completely.
So confident were the President and
members of his Cabinet in tho justness of
their contention regarding the Alaska
boundary that they were perfectly willing
to refer the matter to any properly con
stituted commission for final decision. The
award made by the tribunal, which has
Just completed Its work. Is believed fully
to Justify the confidence of the Adminis
tration in the correctness of the American
claims.
President Roosevelt and his Cabinet were
v,if. ,, v, j.i .,,,, . .
b "anA Z?L JlS
B"A Z'X P
regard that territory as one of the greatest
possibilities, and one which in oerhans
a few years will be a very populous coun
try. The President who has nlwavs heen
very deeply interested in the development
of the Northwest Indicated to the Cabinet
how. much the decision meant to the en
tire belt f territory along the Canadian
border.
In considering the action of the Com
missioners both the President and the
members of the Cabinet expressed sincere
and cordial appreciation of the loftv and
fair-minded position taken by Justice Al
verstone the British member of the trl
bunal. Incidentally, too, attention was
directed to tho accurate and exclusive
forecast of the Commission's decision
given hy the Associated Press In its Lon
don dispatch, the first information of the
result of tho tribunal's work having been
receiveu tnrougn tne Associated Press
CHURCH FORGING AHEAD
Reports to Christian Missionary
Convention Shovr Progress.
DETROIT. Mich.. Oct 20. (SneciaU
The enthusiasm of the great Christian
on Christian Endeavor, and great prog-
ress naa Deen maae tnrough the year.
At the evening services evangelistic
addresses were made by the noted evan
gelists. Rev. S. S. Small, Dr. S. M. Mar
tin and Dr. J. V. Updike.
This was tho greatest meeting of the
convention. An evangelistic conference
was held at the service conducted by Dr.
Martin, at which Dr. A. P. Cobb, J. H.
O. Smith, Dr. Lord, of the Christian
Standard, and others made stirring ad
dresses. Evangelist J. V. Updike has
received 32,000 people into the fellowship
or tne cnurcn curing his 35 years' minis
try.
Rov. Charles Reigm Scpvllle made the
closing address. Great preparations are
being made for the convention at St
Louis next year at which 20,000 delegates
are expected.
In the statistical report. It was shown
that In the past ten years the church has
Increased 133 per cent making the entire
membership throughout the world, 1,236,
377.
VENEZUELA HAS LOST.
Umpire Decides It Has Xo Rijrht to
Collect Local Taxes Twice.
PORT OF SPAIN, Island of Trinidad,
Oct 20. Jackson JEL Ralston, of Wash
lngton, the umpire of the Italian Com
mission at Caracas, Venezuela, has de
cided against Venezuela In the case of
the government's claim for the double
payment of local taxes, which decision
applies In principle to the attempts now
being made by the Venezuelan govern
ment to collect a second payment of
taxes on goods imported at Ciudad Boll
var, under the recent revolutionary gov
ernment at that port.
When the decision of Mr. Ralston Is
known In Venezuela It will create a vivid
impression, as President Castro Is now
causing the prosecution at Ciudad Bolivar
of foreign merchants who are refusing
to pay to the Castro government duties
which they had previously paid to the
late revolutionary government
Storm Causes Loss of Life.
AUSTIN, Tex., Oct 20. Adiices received
here from Mazatlan, Mexico, state the
terrific storm which visited that city and
port a few days ago caused considerable
loss of life. In tho city 16 people were
killed and a number Injured. A number of
ships in the harbor suffered much damage.
The Danish schooner Clara was entirely
wrecked and the captain and 14 sailors
drowned. "
A GUARAXTEED CURE F.OR PILES.
Itching-. Blind, Bleeding or Protruding
Piles. Your druggist will refund money If
PAZO OINTMENT talis to euro you in 0
to 14 days. 00c.
Lord Alverstone Is Criticised on AH
Sides In the Western Part of tho
Dominion Some tor Annexa
tion to the United States.
VICTORIA, B. C, Oct. 20. British Co
lumbians have heard the news-of the set
tlement of the Alaskan boundary question
with a feeling bordering -on disgust at
what Is popularly termed the sacrifice of
Canada by Great Britain on the altar of
political expediency. The people of West
ern Canada axe bitter because of this.
and the general trend of opinion seems to
bo that the action of the British com
missioners has started a wave of popular
opinion which may be the opening wedge
of tho weaning of Canada from the pa
triotic reliance upon the mother country
which had marked- the Dominion .In the
past
The action of tho Canadian commission
ers. Sir Louis Jette and Mr. Aylesworth,
In refusing to sign the agreement Is
being applauded, although It Is realized
there Is no recourse for Canada but to
accept the decision. The people feel that
tne decision as a "comDromise" is a di
plomatic settlement arranged by the Brit
ish diplomats and acceded to by the Brit
ish Commissioner for the sake of main
taining friendship between Great Britain
and the United States. There Is a feellnir.
too, which bodes 111 for the maintenance
of the loyalty of the Dominion, for many
remarks can be heard on the street-corners
that It would bo better for the Domin
ion to tnrow In its lot with the United
States than have Its lands given awav
piecemeal by Great Britain for the sako
or imperial interests.
All Criticise Alverstone.
Tho British Commissioner. Lord Alver
stone, is being crJM?!ed on all sides. His
acuon in agree.ng with the Canadian
Commissioner. as they state In their mani
festo, and agreeing to compromise after
discussion with the American Commission
ers, is looked upon as a betrayal of
Canadian interests. In this connection, a
local paper says:
He conceded the Canadians had estab
lished their case and that the Americans
had failed. The boundary must be carried
along the crests of the mountains parallel
wun tne coast. The treaty did not con
template that It should follow the slnuosfc
tles of tho coast, but Instead of being run
along the range, nearest to the water,
the line Is to be carried back to somo
other range not distinctly specified, so
that our neighbors shall not be deprived
of one Inch of territory they at- present
claim. In other words we have won a
great moral victory, but the Americana
have carried off all the fruits of It .
Loses All the Profits.
"The case which was correctly described
in press dispatches as one of the most
complete and convincing ever presented to
an International tribunal In which the
conventions of American Counsel were ad
mitted to be weak and puerile, has ended
as we had some misgivings It would end.
Canadians have gained the' decision and
lost all the profits which were rightly
and legitimately theirs.
"Lord Alverstone had left It with the
American Commissioners to accept or re
ject the findings, as they saw fit Can
ada could not have been one whlt worse,
off than she will be under the terms of
the agreement Her neighbors would not
have yielded, but they would have been
convicted before the world of squatting
upon and retaining territory to which
they possessed no title under International
law. Britain would have retained her self
respect and the esteem and confidence of
Canadians. If tho acts be as stated in
the dispatches It will be a serious ques
tion as to the measure of loss, if this
she has sustained, over this boundary sac
rifice. We fully expect there will be somo
plain speaking by the public men and
public press of Canada upon this matter."
MARKS A SERIOUS EPOCH.
Canadian IXolds Relations With
Mother Country Badly Strained.
OTTAWA, Ont, Oct 20. A Canadian,
who has been most intimately and promi
nently associated with the Alaskan case,
said:
"It is the hardest blow the imperial tie
has ever received. The place Lord Alver
stone filled was clearly that of agent for
the British government. It will be a shock
to tho Canadian people to know that,
notwithstanding all professions of friend
ship and sympathy, the solemn formalities
of the international court have simply
been used for the purpose of handing over
Canadian territory to the United States.
"Canada has not only been spontaneous
but zealous In defense of British territory,
and has not hesitated to sacrifice blood
and treasure In defense of the motherland.
She must now face the fact that when
Imperial Interest or friendships require It
her territory may be handed over without
the slightest hesitation. This marks tho
most serious epoch In the relations be
tween Canada and the mother country."
Another Lesson in Self-Reliance.
OTTAWA, Ont, Oct 20. The general
opinion Is that Canada will havo to make
the best of It It Is declared It is another
lesson In self-reliance and consequently
people are already asking how long It
will take to build a railway to tho Yukon
and how much It will cost
Many speak strongly on the question
and recite Instances where Canada has
had to succumb to what has been po
litely called "English diplomacy."
Dynamite Suspect Is Held.
HELENA, Mont, Oct 20. Isaac Gra
velle, the man arrested .on -the charge of
being the Northern Pacific dynamiter,
was taken before a Justice today and
charged with assault In tho first degree.
His hearing was fixed for Saturday next
Ball was fixed at $10,000 which Gravello
was unable to furnish.
RAILWAY BILL PASSES.
Road From the Atlantic to Pacific
Through Farming Districts.
OTTAWA, Ont, Oct 20. The National
Transcontinental Railway bill was read a
third time In the Senate today acd
nassed. The bill provides for a now
rlalroad from the Atlantic to the Pacl
through tho agricultural districts
Northern Canada. It will parallel
Canadian Pacific for some-dlstance, qit
it will be so far north of that line trht
practically new territory will be tappll.
BUSIXESS ITEMS.
If Baby Is Cuttlnsc Teeth,
Be sure and use tb&t old and -well-tried remefr.
ilra. "W la alow" a Soothing Syruo. for chlldtsa
teething. It soothes tho child, solteas the suii
auya au pais, cures wuu coub asa aiaCTaew