Morning Oregonian., August 13, 1902, Page 6, Image 6

THE MORNING OREGONIAN, WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 13, im. "
foe rsgxmtan
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TODAY'S WEATHER Partly cloudy, unset
tled weather, with moderate temperatures.
Variable winds.
YESTERDAY'S WEATHER Maximum tem
perature, 71 dear.; minimum tenjerature, 57
deg ; no preclHtatlon.
I'ORTLAN D, WED.VRSDAY, AUG. 13.
PETULANT AXD ILL-TIMED.
Cuba, It appears, Is preparing to
"strike back." Since the United States
through Its Congress has declined Imme
diately to rearrange its tariff rates In
the Interest of the island sugar planters,
the island Congress will "retaliate" by
such adjustments of its own tariff as
will bear hard upon some American In
terests. The new Cuban schedules are
not proposed In the .interest of a larger
revenue; in truth they are calculated
rather to cut down than to promote cus
toms receipts. Their whole object Is to
"punish" the United States for Its fail
ure to make concessions In the interest
of Cuba. The new rates are made to
apply only to products which Cuba Im
ports from the United States, and, com
pared with tlie present rates, they run
from 50 per cent to 533 per cent higher.
They are, in truth, higher than In the
worst days of the Spanish tyranny, and
are plainly designed to shut out cer
tain classes of merchandise from the
Cuban market. In detail the propossd
advances are as follows: Shoes and
boots, from 10 to 17 per cent; coal, 75
cents per thousand kilos; pine lumber,
40 per cent; stearine beef in cans, fresh
ieef, fresh rnutton, salt beef. Jerk meat,
hams, herring, coffee, cider, beer, 50
per cent; hats. 00 per cent; butter,
liquors, wine, 70 per cent; poultry, fcesh
pork, salt pork, bacon, lard, cheese, con
densed milk, wheat flour, codfish, rice,
alimentary preserves, eggs, beans and
peas, onions, potatoes, olive oil, 100 per
cent; common soap, 150 per cent, and
corn, 233 per cent
The figures of American exports of
merchandise above named are not avail
able, but they are considerable. Amer
ican flour, for example, which will prac
tically be shut out by this proposed
tariff, monopolizes" the Cuban market,
and is of-Iteelf a very considerable busi
ness. In short, the purpose of the Cu
ban Congress appears to be to destroy
such trade as we have and have long
had with Cuba, unless we shall make
such terms for sugar as were proposed
in Congress and denied by the action of
that body over the protest of President
Roosevelt.
There is, too, another motive. The
Cubans are extremely sensitive concern
ing the relationship in which their coun
try stands with reference to the United
States. They would be glad to have
such tariff concessions as would amount
to an annual gift of 59,000,000 or $10,
000,000 per year, but since a proposition
to that effect;hag been declined on our
part, they want none of us-; and they
would like to show the world arid pos
sibly convince1 themselves by an act
of bravado against the United States
that they are a .nation on their own
account. They resent the Piatt amend
ment, with Its limitations, and . would
like by some notable 'act to illustrate a
purpose to proceed In Ignorance of its
spirit if not of its letter. - -
This game of retaliation, conceived In
petulance and enforced In bad temper, is
one which may easily be carried too far.
The Cuban statesmen ought to know a
fact plain to all the rest of the world,
namely, that full powers wlb respect
to the future of the islands' lie in the
hands of the United States; that we
have twenty claims which the world
would declare sufficient where only one
would suffice, to legitimately wipe their
little government off the face of the
earth and put their Island In the same
territorial boat with Porto Rico. That
we have no disposition In our Cuban
dealings to use a giant's strength like
a giant, ought to be plain; we, are dis
posed to be patient and long-suffering;
but there are limits to what we will
accept In the way of affront and down
right bad usage.
If there be any statesmanship In
Cuba, It must know that the 'In
terests and the future of Cuba are con
nected with the United States in one
way or another: for with all Its natural
wealth, the island, if abandoned by us,
would be bound to poverty along with
Jamaica and other members of the Car
ibbean group. It must know that a pol
icy of petulant "retaliation" will surely
break down and destroy the universal
good will felt for Cuba In the United
States, a good will which came near
being largely effective in the last session
of Congress, and which, If nothing shall
occur In Cuba to embarrass its opera
tions, is certain In time to have its way.
Cuba should have a care how. In the
effort to wear the look of "Independ
ence," she does not make her independ
ence an Impossibility.
The new law providing for the re
demption at the rate of 75 cents per
hundred of spoiled postal cards went
Into effect the first of the present month.
"When the law Was enacted It was' not
suspected that aa3v great .quantities of
such cards- were In existence, but it
now transplreo that. In anticipation of
the passage of such a law, many busi
ness Arms have been saving theae cards
for the past twenty years, or since the
expiration of the old law, which pro
vided for their redemption at the rate
of SO cents per hundred. Such evidence
of thrift Is astounding. It is moreover,
distinctly un-American, and can hardly
be supposed to be found west of the
Mississippi River. It belongs, in fact,
to the cheeseparing type of economy
that took root la the rugged soli of
..New England through the pinch ana
poverty of early Plymouth. The Postal
Department Is reckoning with this ele
ment by redeeming scores and hundreds
of postal cards that have served their
first purpose, and in doing so it has its
hands more than full, temporarily.
A LAME JUSTIFICATION.
Mr. Hawks' letter, printed in another
column, attempting to Justify the posi
tion of the reigning Republican machine
In Wisconsin In Its purpose to break or
bend Senator Spooner on the wheel of
local and factional Issues, unconscious
ly exposes the malice and pettlnees of
the whole business. Mr. Spooner, It ap
pears from Mr. Hawks' statement of the
case, did not use his authority with cer
tain Republicans of the state to sup
port the plans of the La Follette crowd
In respect to certain matters of minor
and state concern: and for this failure
to fall In with the purposes of a local
ring and to crack the whip of ja factional
slave-driver over men as much entitled
to independent views as himself, the
National leader of the Republican Sen
ate Is to be denied re-election or humil
iated to the point of seeking re-election
upon terms of personal discredit
and humiliation.
Not the least Interesting feature of
Mr. Hawks' letter Is Its naive assump
tion that an "explanation" whose effect
Is to stamp the whole Incident as on
the part of the La Follette faction a
piece of arrogance, to confirm the worst
that has been said about It. will be
taken In justification of the act by
which Mr. Spooner Is made to choose -between
his self-respect and his seat
In the Senate. The La. Follette crowd,
or at least Mr. Hawks, who speaks for
them, is unable to comprehend. It ap
pears, the fundamental ground of the
protest which the country has declared,
since its plea In defense Is nothing more
or less than an acknowledgment of the
gross facts ef the case. Politics must
have- sunk low In Wisconsin when it can
be urged seriously without sense of its
humor or of its Infamy by the spokes
man of the ruling coterie, that a Sena
tor of the United States, and the most
distinguished man of that body, de
serves discipline at the hands of his
home party organization because he de
clines to "take programme" In trifling
concerns and to play the part of a vul
gar factional dictator.
But we are not willing to believe that
the sentiment of the people of Wisconsin
has sunk to the level of this political
faction. Surely there is a sentiment In
Wisconsin that will support Senator
Spooner In the only ground possible for
him to take, namely, that of contempt
for a dictatorship which seeks to force
upon him personal discredit or political
retirement. Surely there is a sentiment
In the state which will not basely fol
low a leader who, to quote from the
Milwaukee Sentinel, "brooks no Indi
vidual action on the part of his lieuten
ants, who puts the scourge to them for
breach of discipline, who gives no quar
ter, whose orders are to kill and burn
everything and everybody In the path
of his supremacy and ambition." Tyr
anny of this sort has never long been
borne by Americans in the past, and we
shall be surprised if Governor La Fol
lette shall long be able to carry author
ity with so high a hand.
If It shall turn out that this arrogant
dictator has power to prevent the re
election of Senator Spooner as we
think he will not there will be an un
fortunate vacancy in the Senate, but It
will hardly be for long. No political
boss thus setting himself against the
wishes of a people can long retain the
reigns of power. The vote which de
clares Spooner's defeat. If it shall come
to that, will mark the beginning of
Governor La Follette's speedy and mer
ited decline.
ELECTRIC TRAIN'S FOR ISHW YORK.
The science of applied electricity Is
making rapid If not altogether satisfac
tory advancement toward the point
where the electrical current will displace
steam in the propulsion of suburban
railway trains. In a talk on municipal
affairs recently, Mayor Low announced
that the New York Central Railroad
had agreed, under certain conditions,
to substitute electric for steam motive
power on Its through trains as well as
on suburban roads within the city lim
its. This is surprising, since but a few
months ago this great railway com
pany declared the change to be Imprac
tical, not only for the present, but, so
far as could then be seen, at any time
in the near future. Said Mayor Low:
When the Legislature was In session the New
York Central Company was under the Impres
sion that it could not undertake to change the
motive power of Its through traffic from steam
to electricity for many years to come. It ad
vocated then plans tor a change of power of
Its suburban traffic I am now authorized by
the president ot the New York Central Ball
road to say that his road Is ready to enter
Into a stipulation with the city to substitute
electricity for steam, not only for their aub
urban, but also for their through traffic.
The stipulation involves permission to
make certain changes at the Grand
Central depot, so that suitable and
necessary power-houses may be erected.
Incidentally the company also agrees to
remove every grade crossing In the
city.
This proposition means much to New
York City. It means the prospect of
freedom from smoke and Immunity
from accidents resulting from the ob
scuration of signals by smotfe In tun
nela Local Interest Is, however, ab
sorbed In the general Interest which Is
felt In the process of replacing steam
by electricity on railroads. At the most
but a few miles of the New York Cen
tral will be operated by electricity, the
long-distance transmission of electrical
power not being yet solved. But prog
ress In every line of electrical work Is
rapid. Experts may work for months
and even years on plans whereby elec
trical power may economically be trans
mitted long distances", but, on the other
hand, the revelation may come at any
time, and there Is no reason to suppose
that it will be long delayed. However,
with the mastery that steam has ac
quired through what Eeems to "be the
vers' perfection of mechanical contriv
ance and construction, long-distance
transportation will not suffer If elec
tricity Is slow to overtake steam in the
"long haul," or if it falls to overtake It
altogether. That suburban traffic In
great cities can be more safely and
economically conducted with electricity
than, with steam, as the motive power
has been fully demonstrated. But when
It comes to traversing states and conti
nents, electrical scientists will be very
fortunate. Indeed, If they succeed In
substituting electricity for steam with
any great gain to the vast Interests
served.
THE NEGRO AST
E PHILIPPINES.
The returned
soldiers of the
regular Army re'
at they find the
climate of the Ph
e Islands agree-
able and the environ
t desirable as
the natives have no
ce prejudice
against the negro. It la not likely, how.
ever, that there ever will be any large
exodus of negroes to these Islands unless
there should be an Increased demand
for labor that cannot be met by the
Chinese already resident In the islands.
The American negro has never mani
fested much disposition to leave the
South for Liberia, or even for the North
ern States. The drift of the negro to
day is rather away from the border
states to the lower South. There are
not as many negroes In all New Eng
land as there are In two counties of the
State of Mississippi. In the North the
negro finds Industrial exclusion which
Is more odious than political suppres
sion at the South.
In the thirty-one Northern and West
ern states and territories the. negroes
are not as numerous as in the State of
Alabama. The census of 1900 shows that
9L5 per cent of the race are In the old
slave states. There was an absolute
decrease In the negro population of Cali
fornia, Oregon, Nevada. Nebraska, New
Mexico and the two Dakotas. There
have been race riots In New York and
Illinois, lynchlngs In Ohio and Indiana,
and burning at the stake in Kansas and
Colorado. During the last twenty years
the negro population In the border
states has done scarcely more than hold
Its own, while the whites have Increased
40 per cent. The border states are sure
to become a white man's country. The
negroes go to the lower Southern States
because they find thero mere of their
own kind and color. There are eight
Southern States, with more than half a
million of negroes, viz., Virginia, North
Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Ala
bama. Mississippi, Louisiana and Texas,
a total of 6,10S,7B8. There Is a marked
tendency In the negro to gather Into
"black belta" There are 279 counties In
the South, covering an area of 150,000
square miles, In which the negroes con
stitute the majority of the population.
Fully half of the negro race Is found In
these counties.
On the other hand, there are ten coun
ties In Virginia In which the negro con
stitutes less than 10 per cent of the
population. As manufacturing Indus
tries move southward, the country
whltes will be more and more drawn
to the cities as operatives along the
lines of higher mechanical skill, leaving
the blacks In numerical preponderance
In the rural districts. This process will
continue until there are but few whites
left In the black belts. The negro can
live In the bottom lands along the
Lower Mississippi and its tributaries,
where the white man would perish as
an agricultural laborer; the negro Is
gregarious and with as strong love of
locality as a cat. As an agricultural
laborer he will always be Indispensable
at the South, while the negroes who
flock to the cities will perish through
vice and degradation, since the only
work they can obtain Is that which no
whlto man will touch. There Is a good
demand for competent colored female
servants as domestics, but the negro
man has no fixed place In the Industries
of the larger cltlea -
The picked negroes who compose our
colored regular regiments. .would, of
course, be valuable immigrant's In the
Philippines, but the average 'Southern
negro, who Is fit to go to the?Bhlllpplnes,
would not leave the South, and to 'help
the worthless negroes to Luzon would
be an economic blunder and a wrong
to both races. We do not Imagine,
therefore, that American negrpes will
ever flood the Philippines. Negroes of
exceptional energy. Intelligence and
ability may go thither from America
and from Africa, but they will not go
In large numbers for many years to
come.
THE OLD AND THE NEW IN AGRI
CULTURE!. The term "as good as wheat" Is now
applied to many products of Willam
ette Valley farms without In the least
discrediting the status of the old, relia
ble staple of pioneer agriculture lh Ore
gon. A stinted local market and slow
methods of transportation to foreign
ports made wheat the staple In the early
years of farming In this section. The
land, fresh from the hand of Nature,
yielded of this staple abundantly, and
without very careful or thorough culti
vation. The product would stand ship
ping by slow methods, hence the farm
ers' efforts, after seeing thousands of
bushels of the finest fruits rot In his
orchards year after year, because there
was no market for It, were directed al
most exclusively to wheatralslng. The
inevitable followed. The soil was, to a
great extent, exhausted of Its wheat
producing properties, and demanded
through diminished production rest and
restoration. Fortunately, this demand
was preceded by Improvement in our
transportation facilities; by improved
methods In dairying; by new develop
ments In frultdrylng and canning and
by the Increaslngdemand of a local mar
ket, due to Increased population. Pio
neer farmers rose somewhat slowly to
meet the changed and steadily chang
ing conditions. This was to be expect
ed. The routine of life Is a fixed prop
osition on the farm. The habits of
years are slow to change, and wheat,
with yearly dwindling yield to the acre,
was still almost the exclusive product
of many worn-out fields long after mar
ket conditions called for a diversified
agriculture.
Of late years, however, a change for
the "better In farm tactics has been .ob
served in the Willamette Valley. The
doctrine of rotation of crops has been
strenuously urged by men whose words,
backed by figures, commanded atten
tion, and as a result dairying has taken
advanced ground where once wheat hejd
absolute sway; the fruit Industry has
attracted capital and dispensed Its fa
vors to labor; hops have become a sta
ple In some localities; forage crops as an
adjunct t6 dairying is raised In con
siderable quantities, and advanced
views In regard to drainage, ensilage
and the benefits to be derived from ro
tation of crops prevail to a greater or
less extont, where a few years ago farm
ers plodded, along In the old ruts
marked out by isolation and worn by
habit. The teachings of the Agricul
tural College have been timely, perti
nent and useful in bringing about this
change. Farmers' institutes held under
the auspices of the college have been
well attended and much valuable In
formation has been thereby dissemi
nated. Briefly, the old haa f Iven. or is
n5fc
rapidly giving place to the new, to the
distinct advantage of the producers and
consumers of the state. Methods dear
to memory, as representing the maxi
mum of comfort and contentment with
the minimum of exertion and worn",
belong distinctly to Oregon's past.
GOOD SOLDIERS DON'T SHIRK.
It Is reported that prominent Demo
crats are not disposed this year to ac
cept positions on the Washington state
ticket; because the honor of a nomina
tion Is likely to be their sole reward. A
shrewd man, who expects to stay In
politics, never refuses to carry his party
flag on the plea that he carries it to
certain defeat The nomination always
keeps the candidate's name before the
people; If he makes a speech, the people
get familiar with his personar qualities;
he increases his acquaintances and en
larges his personal following. The day
Is sure to come when his party flag will
triumph, and then the man who has
endured the heat and burden of battles
that ended In defeat Is likely to be re
membered. '
Furthermore, It is not always a lost
battle that begins In premonitions of
defeat When Grover Cleveland was
nominated for Governor of New York In
1882 he was given the candidacy after
It had been contemptuously refused by
the leading Democrats of the state, be
cause they had no hope of success. But
the Republican State Convention quar
reled bitterly because of the nomination
of Secretary Folger, of President Ar
thur's Cabinet, for Governor. The
Blaine or "halfbreed" Republicans bolt
ed the ticket, and Cleveland was elect
ed Governor by n very large majority.
If there should be any bitter Internal
dissensions In the Republican party of
Washington this year, the Democrats
might profit by them as they have be
fore in the hjstory of that state.
At all events, a shrewd politician
never declines an honorable nomination
on the ground that he cannot be elected;
he can be seen and heard, and that Is
a good advertisement and Investment
for the future'.
Farm laborers are on a strike In Ga
llciafc Austria, for an increase of 100 per
cent In wages. If the strike Is success
ful, the men working In the fields will
receive from 16 to 32 cents a day; the
women, who bear the field burdens side
by side with men, will receive from 8
to 16 centa Contrasted with conditions
under which these laborers struggle and
starve, the status of the lowliest la
borer In this country Is princely. The
peasants who ask that their meager
wage be doubled rarely taste bread, and
exist chiefly on soup made of herbs and
water. According to the Vienna Neue
Frele Presse, the annual mortality from
famine In Galicia for several years past
has aggregated 50,000. There have al
ready been conflicts between the strik
ing peasants and the military, in which
a large number of the former have
been killed or wounded. Late advices
are to the effect that the strike shows
signs of coming to an end, compromises
having been reached In several districts,
and the military authorities having
quelled the strikers in others. Think
of It! A compromise on a demand for
an increase of wages to 8 and 16 cents
a day! There are some conditions that
are worse than that of the anthracite
coal miner in the Shenandoah Valley.
But happily they do not exist in the
United States.
It Is said that the pope has notified
the reigning powers of Europe that no
more dispensations for consanguineous
marriages among them will be granted.
His holiness deems it essential that
these marriages be discouraged, and,
as far as possible, disallowed, In order to
stop the physical degeneracy and fre
quont mental weakness so noticeable in
royal families. Since neither England
nor Germany asks consent of the Catho
lic Church In arranging royal mar
riages, the Interdiction from Rome will
fall short of effecting reform in this
matter where reform Is most needed.
England, with a sick King upon the
throne; Germany, but now standing be
side the bier of an Emperor and an
Empress who died, from hereditary
weakness, due to a long line of consan
guineous marriages; Bavaria, maintain
ing a mad monarch in solitary grand
eur, having burled his brother, who was
many years Insane; Belgium, keeping
one of the fairest daughters of her
royal house in a palace dedicated to
the mimicry of a mad court; Spain, fac
ing the possible contingency of physical
and moral degeneracy In her young
King these are a few examples of the
evils that have followed Intermarriage
In the royal families of Europe for gen
erations. President Mellen gives assurance that
he values Portland patronage when he
plans to spend 53,000,000 to get Northern
Pacific trains from Vancouver Into
Portland. This Involves bridging two
large rivers and boring a tunnel through
the backbone of the peninsula between
the two streama It may be read In
these preparations that the Northern
Pacific Insists on maintaining Its Inde
pendence of the O. R. & N., though the
two railroads do cpme Into rather close
relation at several points. The enter
prise of the Northern Pacific Is gratify
ing, and It Is evident from President
Mellen's statement that it meets public
appreciation.
All good cltlrens hope that the per
son or persons who smuggled the guns
Into the Penitentiary with which Tracy
and Merrill did such deadly work will
be apprehended and properly punished.
Convicts Inside the prison .walls have
had a salutary lessen In the return of
the bodies of the outlaws to the prison
graveyard. It will be fortunate If crim
inals in instinct and purpose on the out
side can be given the lesson which the
apprehension and punishment of these
conspirators will furnish.
The corn crop promises to be the
heaviest ever produced. When the
enormous proportions of this crop In
some preceding 'years are remembered,
this statement almost staggers com
prehension as to bulk and returns in
money, through the multitude of the
products and by-products of this great
staple of Western agriculture.
Under the projected retaliatory plan
of the Cuban Congress the Cubans will
hurt themselves a good deal while they
are hurting us a little. Our staying
powers under punishment will .proba
bly be found as good as theirs.
The plans of the Cuban statesmen
looking to retaliation are not wisely
calculated to win favor for the reci
procity scheme.
Permits were Issued yesterday for a
mile of cement sidewalks. Good! And
further peed, the food work,
THE SPOOXER INCIDENT!
An Extraordinary Letter la Its Jhs ti
tration. MADISON, "Wis..Aug. 8. To the Edi
tor.) My attention has been called to the
editorial In your Issue of August 1, en
titled "Breakers Ahead," and realizing
that the political situation In Wisconsin
Is misunderstood by certain Influential
organs, I feel that a brief statement of
the situation as it exists In the state
will be appreciated.
The platform adopted by the Republican
state convention held In Milwaukee on
August 8, 1300, contajned the following:
"Primary elections The great reforma
tion effected in our general elections
through the Australian ballot Inspires us
with confidence to apply the same method
In making nominations so that every voter
may exercise his sovereign right of choice
by direct vote without the Intervention or
Interference of any political agency. We
therefore demand that caucuses and con
ventions for the nomination of candidates
for office be abolished by Legislative en
actment, and that all candidates for state,
Legislative. Congressional and county of
ficers be nominated at a primary election
upon the same day by direct vote under
the Australian ballot
"Tax Commission Indorsed The estab
lishment by the last Republican Legisla
ture of a State Tax Commission for the
purpose of an exhaustive Investigation of
the complicated questions ot taxation was
In accord with principles of sound public
policy. Thl3 commission will be able to
present the facts essential as a basis to
sound legislative judgment, and to the
enactment of such laws as may be neces
sary to compel each individual and every
corporation transacting business within
the state except such fraternal and other
associations as are now expressly exempt
ed from taxation by law to bear a justly
proportionate share of the burden of tax
ation. To the Immediate accomplishment
of this end the Republican party of Wis
consin stands pledged."
The opposition to the plank In tho plat
form which called for a reform In our
primary election methods was led by tne
Collector of United Stutes Internal Reve
nue for the Western District of Wisconsin
and the United States District Attorney
for the same district, assisted by the post
master and nearly every other Federal
official in this city, all of whom are ap
pointees ot Senator Spooner. The United
States Collector of Internal Revenue led
the fight made an exhaustive argument
before the committee and lobbied on the
floor of the Assembly and Senate, with the
result that the bill was defeated and the
platform promised to the people was
broken.
Much the same Influence was brought
to bear to defeat the taxation measures
which were drawn and introduced by the
Tax Commissioners in both houses of the
Legislature. These Federal officials were
all appointees of Senator Spooner. and the
slightest expression from him would have
caused them to cease their efforts. When
the campaign this Summer opened there
was a demand for these principles made
by certain leaders In the party, and on
these principles the present executive was
a candidate for rehomlnation. The same
influence which defeated these measures
In the Legislature opposed his renomlna
tlon. After a campaign In which there
was a free and exhaustive discussion ot
the principles and the men, the delegates
were elected, and when the state conven
tion met there was a generally expressed
opinion among the delegates that while
Senator Spooner should be returned to the
United States Senate, men should be elect
ed to the Legislature not alone for tho
purpose of voting for Senator Spooner,
but also who were pledged to enact these
measures. Consequently resolutions were
adopted by the committee on resolutions
which reaffirmed substantially the planks
I have quoted above, and which demanded
that the men elected to the Legislature
should bo elected, not for the purpose
alone of re-electing Senator Spooner, but
also for the purpose ot enacting such laws
as would no In harmony with these two
planks.
This I submit is entirely logical and
fair. The citizens of this state are all
proud of the distinguished position taken
by Senator Spooner In National affairs,
but we feel that he should not allow per
sons who stand for him to placo him In
the position of appearing antagonistic to
theso measures". JARED HAWKS.
VERMONT'S QUEER CAMPAIGN.
St Louis Globe-Democrat
It Is easy to understand why this year's
canvass In Vermont is more interesting
than any other which that state has had
since the foundation of the Republican
part-. The Republicans are split on the
prohibition question, and it Is believed that
the division will strike them pretty near
the middle. McCulIough, the candidate of
the party, who was regularly nominated,
leans toward the maintenance of the pro
hibition policy, though both convention and
candidate have made some concessions to
the sentiment which favors local option
and high license. Clement the lndepend-.
ent Republican, stands on a local option
platform.
In the election of 1900 McKInley received
42,000 votes In Vermont as compared with
12,000 for Bryan. In 1S72 Grant got 41.000
In that state and Greeley 10.000. The pro
portion between the Republican and the
Democratic vote in Vermont has not varied
much from the mark of 1872 and 1900 since
the foundation of the Republican party.
McCulIough could lose half the normal Re
publican vote without giving the Demo
crat a chance to win tho election. Tho
Democrat seems to be out of the race in
any event. The contest Is botween the two
Republicans.
Clement relies on getting some Demo
cratic votes. Most of the Democrats, as
shown by the spirit manifested in their
convention, will vote for their own candi
date. Tho proposition to indorse the bolt
ing Republican got very little support in
the Democratic gathering. A few Demo
crats, nevertheless, are likely to vote for
Clement. The contest is between him and
McCulIough. with the chances strongly In
favor of the latter. The Independent
however. Is making an active canvass. He
says ho expects to get nearly if not quite
as many Republican votes as the regular
nominee, and to get many Democratic
votes In addition. This gives a little un
certainty to the situation, and arouses the
country's interest On the night of threo
weeks from next Tuesday, for the first
time In the memory of anybody now alive,
hundreds of thousands of people through
out the country will stay up to hear the
final returns from Vermont
Old-Time Menus.
Chicago News.
Dinner was a substantial affair In the
reign of Queen Elizabeth, who was. by no
means Indifferent to the pleasures of the
table. The first course on great occasions
would probably be wheaten flummery,
stewed broth, spinach broth, gruel or
hotchpotch. The second consisted of fish,
among which may be noted lampreys,
stock fish and sturgeon, with side dishes
of porpoise. The third course comprised
quaking pudding, bag pudding, black pud
ding, white pudding and marrow pudding.
Then came veal, beef, capons, humble pie,
mutton, marrow pasties, Scotch collops,
wild fowl and game. In the fifth course
came all kinds of sweets, creams In all
their varieties, custards, cheese cakes, jel
lies, warden pies, junkets, syllabubs, and
so on. to be followed perhaps by white
cheese and tansy cake. For drink there
were ale and beer, wine, sack and numer
ous varieties of mead or metheglln, some
of which were concocted out of as many
as flve-and-twenty herbs, and were redo
lent of sweet country perfume.
THE CUBAN LOAN.
Washington special to New York Evening post.
All speculation concerning the course the
Government will take In regard to the
proposed Cuban loan Is vain. Nothing will
be settled In any event without consulting
the President, and no one is qualified to
judge what he will approve or suggest.
The situation Is very embarrassing, as tho
Administration, if it denies Cuba's right
to borrow 30 much money on the ground
that its revenues are not sufficient to war
rant the burden, will be met with the re
sponse that the revenues from Imports
must depend on the consuming capacity
of the island, and the neglect of Congress
to provide a market for Cuban sugar has
reduced this consuming capacity to tho
point where the revenue must necessarily
be small. Of course, the executive branch
of the Government will reply that it is not
responsible for the acts or omissions of
Congress, and that it did the best it could;
but such a controversy, In the eyes 01
the world outside, will not inure to the
dignity of the United States.
It has been suggested that there is no
way in which this Government can ascer
tain of its own motion purely whether
Cuba is violating the pledges of the Piatt
amendment or not. It would be Imprac
ticable to do. as has been suggested, and
send a special emissary, an expert in book
keeping, to Cuba to examine the books of
the republic and ascertain its financial
status and prospects, for there Is no ap
propriation out of which he could be paid,
nor Js there any assurance that Cuba
would spread its accounts open to his ex
amination. The Piatt amendment makes
no provision for its own enforcement, and
does not operate automatically; it is lamo
in these particulars.
The Secretary of State might address a
note to the "Cuban Foreign Office, saying
that In view of the understanding reached
on the Piatt amendment, he would bo
pleased to receive for the inspection of our
Government a statement of the finances of
the republic and data from which it could
be judged whether Cuba was in a position
to Issue such a loan as it proposed. This
would bring matters to a head pretty
promptly, at least as far as the informa
tion itself is concerned, and Cuba would
cither decline to be catechized or produce
the telltale figures.
But even with the figures at hand, what
could we do? We might use either force
or arbitration to bring our late ward to
terms. Arbitration seems to be out of the
question, holding the peculiar relation we
do to -her future, an obligation with which
we deliberately saddled ourselves while as
suming to try to get rid of all relations
except such as we maintain with other na
tions. Force would be regarded by the
outside world as proof that we had never
made anything better than a pretense of
giving Cuba her Independence, and that
we had intended to annex the island from
the start. And there we are.
So it is entirely within the range of prob
ability that we may do nothing at all for
the present, as to 00 anything would put
us in a moro or less awkward position, at
least at this stage. We have made a com
pact with Cuba whereby she Is to do cer
tain things. If she deliberately refuses to
do them, we may be compelled to pocket
the affront and let the island and Its cred
itors take the consequences.
The assumption here Is, that If we made
manifest in advance our disapproval of
Cuba's course In the bond matter, no one
of responsibility would take any share In
getting her the money. Any speculators
who took chances on the gamble would, it
is reasoned, have their fingers burned and
find no sympathy on any side. But the
situation Is awkward all around, and there
vlll be a good deal of administrative pow
wowing before the end Is reached.
Sunday in England.
Chicago News.
Few people are aware how strict a Sab
bath Is still legally ordained In England.
The Lord's day observance act forbids not
only Sunday trading, but also every possi
ble occupation walking, riding, rowing or
any game and strictly enjoins upon all
subjects over 9 years of age attendance at
church. At the opening ot every assizo
the King's proclaamtlon for the preserva
tion of morality is read. People who are
then present for the first time are aston
ished to hear that the King forbids and
calls upon the magistrates to punish ab
sence from divine service on Sundays, any
playing of cards or other games of chance,
or haunting of public houses on the gamo
day. Everybody found in an Inn during
service hours Is liable to a fine of SO cents,
the landlord to a penalty of $2 40, and for
a successful prosecution church wardens
are entitled to a reward of $10. As recent
ly as 1S64 Isaac Walton, a manservant
was fined J2 30 for refusing to attend
church on Sunday when ordered there by
his mistress. About the tame time a
mother was prosecuted by her son and
actually imprisoned for not. attending
church.
Its Attractiveness.
"You have made as high as (10,000 In
one season out of your Summer resort
hotel!" exclaimed the passenger In tho
check suit "How do you manage it?"
"By advertising it In this way," replied
the passenger with the heavy gold watch
chain, handing him a card Inscribed thus:
SYCAMORE BEACH INN,
Black Bass Lake, Mich.
None of the Comfort3
of Home.
Everything Different
Struck Him as Fanny.
"It took me an hour and a half to call
up a man through the long distance tele
phone tho other day."
"Wasn't It tiresome waiting?"
"Not at all. I amused myself reading
tho framed announcement: The malls
are fast, the telegraph is faster, but the
long distance telephone is Instantane
ous.' "
His Impression.
Unexpectedly the sporting reporter had
been called upon to write up a wedding.
"The bride," he wrote, "was .enveloped
ip a dense fog, but moved down the aisle
at a leisurely cinter nnd looked every
Inch a winner."
Quite Correct.
"Is my hat properly dirty and bunged
up7" asked the owner of the $50 panama.
"Yes, sir," replied his valet Inspect
ing It
"Then hand me my cane. I am ready
to walk out."
Jock of Hnxeldcnn.
Sir Walter Scott.
"Why weep ye by the tide, ladle?
Why weep yd by the tide?
I'll wed y& to my youngest son.
And ye sail be his bride:
And ye sail be his bride, ladle.
Sae comely to be seen"
But aye she loot the tears down fa
For Jock of Haseldean.
"Now let this wllfu grief be done.
And dry that cheek so pale:
Young Prank la chief of Errlngton.
And lord of Landey-dale;
His step Ik first In peaceful ha'.
His sword In battle keen"
Bat aye she loot the tears down fa'
For Jock of Hazeldean.
"A chain of sold ye sail not lack,
Nor braid to bind your hair,
Nor mettled hound, nor managed hawk.
Nor palfrey fresh and fair;
And you the foremost o' them a
Shall ride our forest-queen"
But are she loot the tears down fa
For Jock of Haseldean.
The kirk was deck'd at monilng-tlde.
The tapers nllmmer'd fair;
The priest and bridegroom wait the bride.
And dame and knight are there:
They sought her balth by bower an ha';
The ladle was not seen!
She's o'er the Border, and aw?'
WIT Jock of Hazeldeaa.
NOTE AND COMMENT.
Tracy reposes in ths Hole-ln-the-ground
country.
Is anybo'dy out of breath, trying to keep
up with the 1905 fair?
Tracy's character had many aspects
according to his pictures.
Kitchener needn't be afraid of being a
hero. It won't last long.
Luckily It does not take a brave man
to fight for the Tracy reward.
If we can believe the latest peace re
ports from Hayti, they are not true.
Bryan Is the latest live Issue of th
Democratic party. The others are gone
before.
The running-down of Tracy would
surely have been a marvel had the Sher
iffs done It
A man' never fully appreciates himself
until he sees how his work Improves
without him.
The days of our youth are the days of
our glory, especially when we read
"Huckleberry."
The microbe responsible for boils Is
the slaphylococcus. We thought It was
something like that.
An earthquake report comes from Skag
way. Why not let Mayor Schmitz decide (
whether it was a fake or not?
No battle was ever won by a debating
society. But In the fight over a fair site
is the Lewis and Clark Board a debating
society?
The only way for the Civic Improve
ment Association to abolish the nuis
ances that affect the city Is to make It
self a bigger nuisance than them all.
Bryan was not fooled by 16 to 1. Tha
way he holds to the fallacy proves ha
wa3 not. He is just as sincere now as
he ever was In his life; he wishes to be
President
The tariff Is said to be needed In order
to enable American manufacturers to sell
down to European prices. But Americana
are selfish enough to want the low prices
for themselves.
The Influx of Chinese into this country
was once called the, "yellow plague." It
the "yellow plague" can get any help
from Prince Cheng's visit It will coma
from the yellow Journals.
Although "Huckleberry Finn" has been
a standard boy's book since the present
young generation of Denver has grown
up. that city must seek out the Immoral
ity of Its youth In some other cause.
The American Consuls at Porto Cabello
and Barcelona are In danger from Ven
ezuelan rebel3"and warships are In de
mand. Unfortunately warships can't get
into Missouri, where the latest lynching
took place.
Benjamin Andrews. Chancellor of tha
University of Nebraska and ex-superintendent
of .Chicago schools, defends tha
game of football. This would be a set
back to the game if Professor Andrews
really had any influence.
The Cuban Government thought It was
getting trade concessions when It got the
"Piatt amendment" If tho United States
broke that compact why should not '
Cuba? People who think the obligation
rates entirely on Cuba, now have a chance
to take the question up in their hand and
look at it
Pension Commissioner Ware Is getting
unpopular also. There is a timid notion
that if the public had as much say aa
Is coming to it, raids would not be made
upon the treasury of the Government A
grateful man, who receives a gift, takes
what Is coming to him. In the eyes of an
Indian a gift is the same as plunder.
Bryan did not mean that he was not
willing to be a candidate nor that he was
willing not to be a candidate, but sim
ply that he was not willing not to be a
candidate. He supposed, of course, that
everybody knew two negatives made an
affirmative. There are some nice distinc
tions in language, and some of them ara
so Impalpable and intangible that they
can help a man to be President Mr. Bry
an's bad luck was that the public failed
to understand him more explicitly than
he spoke.
A Eugene paper prints the following
marvelous explanation of the Mount
Pclee calamity. For lucidity and ratio
cination it beats anything yet uttered. It
is from the lips of a colored preacher:
"De earf, my fr'en's, resolves on axels,
as we all knows. Som'fin suah, am needr
ed to keep cm axels greased, so the good
Lawd In his wisdom and fo'slght. put lots
of petrolyum in de bowels ub de earf
for dat purpose. De Stan'ard Oil Comp'ny
comes along an 'strax dat petrolyum by
borin' holes in de earf. De earf sticks
on Its axels an won't go 'round no more.
Dere is a hot box. Jus as tho de earf
wuz a big railroad train an then, my
fr'en's, dere am trublc."
Bonnie Wee Thing:.
Robert Burns. t
Bonnie wee thing!. cannle wee thing!
Lovely wee thing! were thou mine,
I wad wear thee In my bosom.
Lest my Jewel I should tine.
Wishfully I look, and languish
In that bonnle face o thine:
And my heart It stounds wl anguish.
Lest my wee thing be na mine.
Wit and grace, lovo and beauty.
In ae constellation shine:
To adore thee Is my duty.
Goddess o' this soul o mine!
Bonnie wee thing, cannle wee thing;
Lovely wee thing, wert thou mine,
I wad wear thee In my bosom.
Lest my Jewel I should tine.
PLEAS ANTItlES OF PARAGRAPHERS
Only One, Probably. "I've got two sura
things on tomorrow's races." "Going to play
both?" "Yes; If I have anything left after I
play the flrat one." Puck.
Bacon So you. believe marriage is a lottery?
Egbert Why, certainly; you can't tell what
sort ot a cook your wife will prove until you.
marry her. Yonkers Statesman.
At Newport. She You must not kiss me un
til we are formally engaged. He Bo you mean
to say that you always Insist upon that ru!o?
She I've always tried to. Judge.
Natural Failure. "Yes, poor fellow; be was
once very prosperous, but he failed In busi
ness." "How so?" "Tried to establish a
'quick lunch' restaurant In Philadelphia."
Baltimore Herald.
Losing the Match. Captain Goldlng Play
cricket? Why. I haven't touched a bat or ball
since I was at school. Harold But this morn
ing mamma was telling papa what a good
catch you were! Punch.
"I see," remarked the Observant Boarder,
"that King Edward was able to witness a min
strel show given by the yacht's crew." "Then
he won't mind & little thing like a corona
tion." commented tho Cross-Eyed Board ea.
Pittsburg Chronicle-Telegraph.
While She Performs. 'Tm always at a dis
advantage out In company," she sighed.
"Why?" somebody asktd with surprise. "You
see. I play and elng." "I should think that
would give you a distinct advantage." "No; I
sever get a chance to hear any of tho sonic"
Chicago Record-Herald