Morning Oregonian., August 07, 1902, Page 6, Image 6

THE MORNING OREGON AN. THUKRDAY. AUGUST 7, 1902.
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u
PORTL.AXD, THURSDAY, AUGUST
THE DEAD OUTLAW.
The story of the career of Tracy, the
outlaw, is a twice-told tale, but the
man from the psychological point of
view is an interesting figure, for in a
small way he belonged to the same
type of bad men as Benedict Arnold,
men possessed of remarkable qualities
of courage, nerve, audacity, endurance,
power of will, qualities which, -when
subordinated to moral sense, always
serve to make their possessor a man
of mark and useful leadership. Had
Arnold been endowed -with moral sense
sufficient to hold his bad passions in
check, the hero of Quebec and Saratoga
would not have died a miserable exile
from the flag he betrayed. And there
are other famous historical figures who
afford as violent a contrast In their
barren moral endowments and their
sterling mental gifts. Marlborough
was as heroic in battle as Arnold, and
quite as corrupt, tor he betrayed James
II, his benefactor, atd he betrayed
"William as shamefully, at the first op
portunity, Byron said of Napoleon that
one step unto the right- had made him
tha Washington of his country.
In a small, obscure "way, Tracy mani
fested that he possessed to an unusual
degree native endowments that, up
rightly employed, -would have made him
a leader in any community. Men- who
rob on the highway and murder to es
cape arrest or punishment for crime are
common enough, but this outlaw has
been at large about two months. In
that time he must, in his doublings
and turnings, have traveled over a
thousand miles; he has had the officers
of the law at his heels during all that
time in Oregon and Washington; his
physical sufferings must have been
great; his mental disturbance great.
and yet in all 'that time the man's
courage, energy, endurance and nerve
never have failed him. He seems to
have been overtaken at last in a mo
ment when his success had made him
arrogant and careless. Wounded too
seriously to hope for escape, after fight
ing his foes "with courage when brougKt
to bay, he retreats into a thicket, -where
He Is found dead by his own hand, a
mangled -wolf surrounded by tireless
hounds.
There have been times when the ac
tions of ' this remarkable criminal
seemed to indicate insanity, but his
last act of suicide was the thing to be
expected. Napolepn, -when forced to
abdicate, in 1814, took poison; Freder
ick the Great carried poison In his
clothes, ready to take It In event of
final defeat Suicide on Tracy's part
was natural; as a captive he -would
have suffered greatly in mind and body.
and was sure to have expiated his
crimes upen the gallows. His suicide
-was a perfectly sane act. There are
murderers who are not Insane, but
seem to stand for "what Is termed "pure
cussedness." These murderers are never
suspected of mental or moral irrespon
sibility until they commit some fright
fully -wanton and coldblooded murder.
These murderers are not insane at all In
the sense of moral or mental Irresponsi
bility; they are only depraved, brutal
tempered folk, full to overflowing with
pure "cussedness." If they are outwit
ted in a trade, they get a gun and kill
the man that circumvented them; they
ease their burdens in life by killing
somebody; they believe in blood atone
ment for all their personal disappoint
ments. These murderous, vindictive
rebels against the peace, order and
eafety of society, -who resort to their
own inner consciousness .for a code un
der which they try, convict, sentence
and execute their real or fancied ene
mies, are a ceaseless terror to clvillza
tion. They are always exceedingly
"handy -with a gun," but are not handy
or useful in other directions of human
effort Decent and healthy human soci
ety is constantly plagued by the mur
derous antics of these abrltrators with
pistol.
To this class of murderous adventur
ers Tracy belonged, but, unfortunately
for the -welfare of society, his abilities
were above the average of his class; he
was prompt to kill, but he was exceed
ingly hard to catch. In boyhood he -was
?iot depraved, and possessed qualities
that "won him the esteem of worthy peo
ple. There are a good many questions
the criminologist cannot easily answer.
It is not easy to tell "why an accom
plished.' bank-note" engraver, whe."'can
earn at honest -work from $4000 tp $5000
a year, will not seldom do "crooked"
-work -which Is sure to 6end him ulti
mately .to prison for a ' long-term pf
years. "Is It an, old--drop" pf dishonest
blood, that -through heredity surges In
the veins? . Saxe perhaps was not far
from -wrong when he said:
In 'following v$ your' family line,
Tou may find It end In a bit of twine,
That hanged some old relation.
At ail events, there Is a deal of good
brains that is wasted In this world by
men who perversely work for evil with
ao Industry, energy, ability and cour
age that would Insure eminence and
Influence If exerted for good. Tracy,
who died as the fool dloth, had he
turned his .face to. good, might have
be'en a hero, a leader in peace or war,
on sea or land.
GRAIN HATES AND POLITICS.
The thory that the reductions In grain
rates announced at the Davenport and
Colfax 'meetings have resulted .from
these popular "conferences" is a very
pretty one, and since the human mind
dearly loves delusion, it seems almost
ungracious to disturb it But railroad
magnates do not depend for Informa
tion upon the settings-forth of mass
meetings, and they do not slash rates
upon Impulse or through the good will
which follows a picnic dinner and a
season of handshaking. What has been
done at Davenport and at Colfax -was,
of course, planned carefully cut and
dried before Mr. Hill left St. Paul. The
spectacular method by which the thing
was done had, of course, a motive and
a not unnatural one. Since the cut in
rates Is made to placate and please the
Eastern Washington farmers, Mr. Hill
takes the method best calculated to
make a "wide and gracious Impression.
He desired also, and very naturally, to
draw the fangs of the pending anti
railroad agitation, and this, it appears
plainly enough, has been done. The
farmers have been put in good humor
by the cut In the grain rate; Seattle has
been bound more closely than ever to
the Interests of Mr. Hill by the diver
sion of a great part of the grain busi
ness to her docks. The detachment of
the former from the anti-railroad flght
with the attachment of the latter to
the direct railroad interest are likely
for the present to put things in Wash
ington In "good shape" from the rail
road point of view.
What effect these events -will have
upon the coming Senatorial election In
Washington can only be surmiped, but
if It be true, as It Is commonly believed.
that Mr. Hill is friendly to ex-Senator
John Ii. Wilson's ambitions, there is
likely to be an advance in Wilson stock.
This will be a serious misfortune, for
Wilson Is the very last man In the state
who ought to be thought of for Sena
torial place. He lacks fitness at every
point, having neither the ability, the
knowledge, the character nor the man
ners which go prbperly or even decently
with Senatorial station. If it shall turn
out that John L.. Wilson In the Senate
and in command of Washington politics
under railroad Inspiration is the price
which Washington must pay for this
reduction In grain rates, then the price
Is too high. No state can afford for any
material advantage to foist a vulgar
and Immoral Influence upon its political
life.
THE 'SCHOLAR IX DIPLOMACY.
The retirement of Mr. White from his
high post at Berlin is not a matter of
vast practical concern, since the duties
of the German Ambassadorship at this
time are largely of a pprfunctory and
formal kind. The chief Interest
of the incident lies in the fact that it
closes the public and active life of a
citizen whose service has at all times
and in wide relations been -worthy and
creditable to the country. "Very great
public responsibilities have never fallen
to Mr. White,, though he has held sev
eral Important stations in the foreign
service, "but every duty -which has come
to him has been met -with fidelity and
ability, and long ago he came to be
ranked -with the strong men of the
country.
Mr. White's distinction In his public
career has rested chiefly upon his emi
nent personal character as a scholar
and as a man of the world In the high
est and best sense. While less person
ally distinguished for literary achieve
ment than some others who have gone
before him, he has admirably represent
ed our scholarly element and maintained
its pretensions to. a share in the higher
public life of the country. He has been
a fit successor to Motley. Irving, Low
ell and the other lights of our literary
life, who, through the wisdom of the
political powers at Washington, have
from time to time "been chosen to rep
resent the country in the field of diplo
macy.
It is in this field that the scholar and
literary man finds his best adaptation
to public service. Tour scholar and
student nineteen times out of twenty Is
a flat failure when he essays executive
duties, while in posts calling for prac
tical Insight and policy he Is usually
ridiculous or something worse. In con
structive statecraft the scholar Is al
ways a theorist and almost Invariably
he seeks to bend the condition to the
theory rather than the theory to the
condition, declining with the mulishness
of the Idealist to deal with things as
they are in his wish to have them as
they ought to be. There are, of course.
exceptional men and exceptional in
stances, but they are few, and political
authority Is wise In the general policy
which selects men of practical life for
practical duties.
But in diplomacy the scholar finds
scope for those accomplishments which
in other political relations are rather a
hindrance than an aid to success. The
ability to shine In the social circle, to
write and speak with elegance, to meet
men of the highest culture on their own
ground, to match every occasion with
the becoming mood, to be serious and
wise in season, and to dally with grace
these qualifications count at the older
and more polished courts far more than
the energy and force which mark the
practical and constructive mind and
habit In a great diplomatic post a
man who as Governor of his state or
as a Senator of the-Unlted States would
be a failure oftentimes achieves a
striking success.
The United States has been singularly
fortunate in Its scholarly diplomatists.
They have won golden opinions for
themselves and for their country in
every great court of Europe, and no
one of them ever cast upon us the
shadow of a scandaj. The practice
which more and more turns to them in
connection with places of great formal
and social responsibility is a good one;
and it will be fortunate If the race of
scholarship shall always find Itself rep
resented as worthily as it has been by
the large-minded and gracious man who
now celebrates his 70th birthday by lay
ing down his public duties and honors
to seek the repose of private station.
There can, of course, be but one ra
tional opinion with respect to the pro
posal to tax the billboard out of ex
istence in the cfty. The billboard is an
impertinence, an Irritation, a nuisance.
It seeks, of course, the most promi
nent situations, and there sets up a row
of gaudy and glaring presentments al
ways annoying and .very often vulgar
and disgusting. It -would be bad enough
If -only our own people had to endure
it, but this Is not the "worst of it since
It discredits the town in the eyes of
every visitor. There may be no Imme
diate remedy for our broken and rot
ting pavements and sidewalks, but we
can at least get rid of the billboard,
with its .offense to every decent sensi
bility. No vested or personal rights are
Involved in this matter; the mere fact
that the nuisance has been tolerated
until now implies nothing but that we
are a people of unreasonable and long
suffering patience; there can be no in
justice to anybody In denying the priv
ilege of annoying the public for private
advantage. Let the proposed tax be
put on, and let It be made high enough
to drive the billboard out of existence.
This was done long ago in all the self
respecting towns In California, and
pretty much everywhere in the East
COMMON-SENSE REFORMS.
Upon taking charge of the Treasury
Department Secretary Shaw began with
diligence and an open mind to Investi
gate some of the complaints of travel
ers in regard to the prevailing methods
of baggage inspection at our ports of
entry. A little inquiry convinced him
that a wrong or strained Interpreta
tion was being put upon the law relat
ing to the $100 worth of personal effects
which returning travelers are permit
ted to bring In free of duty. This law,
under Secretary Gage's administration,
led to the greatest annoyance. Its strict
interpretation left the traveler under
the Impression that he was the victim
of the offlciousness If not the persecu
tion of the Government's agents, or
that, if they were only fulfilling the in
tent of the law, this law was narrow,
utterly unreasonable, and a disgrace to
the statutes of a Republic. As inter
preted by the customs officers, the law
meant that the traveler could bring in
$100 worth of wearing apparel and arti
cles for the toilet for his personal use
alone. Under the new ruling the trav
eler may bring in $100 worth free of
duty, regardless of its character. For
merly, If a souvenir or other article
which to the mind of the Inspector did
not come within the wearing apparel
class was brought In, the tourist not
only had to pay the duty, but was sub
jected to delay and annoyance .which
frequently left him with the feeling that
he was regarded as a sort of genteel
sneakthief who would bear watching.
Now articles Intended for personal use
and not specifically named as subject
to duty may be brought in free, provid
ing they do not exceed 4100 In value.
There Is still another form required
of travelers coming into a port of entry
which might be abolished with credit to
the common sense of Secretary SJiaw.
This is the regulation which requires
the traveler to swear to his declaration
and then undergo a search of his per
sonal effects to substantiate his oath.
The law relating to the search of bag
gage is permissive, and not mandatory.
If a sworn declaration Is required. It
seems that a search In addition thereto
Is nothing more nor less than the dec
laration of suspicion that he has sworn
falsely. It Is well, of course, to insti
tute search in suspicious cases, but If
all travelers are to- be regarded with
suspicion, let everybody's baggage be
searched, but let the sworn declaration
be abolished as unnecessary. Every
traveler may be regarded as a possible
smuggler until search of his or her bag
gage proves the suspicion unfounded.
Search has made some astounding reve
lations in this direction, both at Atlan
tic and Pacific ports of entry. But pro
ceeding upon this possibility. It is
wholly superfluous and may Justly be
regarded as Insulting to require a
sworn declaration in regard to baggage
and then proceed coolly to search It for
evidences of perjury. Secretary Shaw
has placed the traveling public under
great obligations for removing one un
necessary annoyance. Let him extend
the simple magic of his plain common
sense a little farther and either make
the traveler's oath good for what it
stands for or proceed to search his bag
gage without requiring a sworn dec
laratlon of its contents as preliminary
to such search.
Ex-Mayor Hewitt, of New Tork City,
at 80 years of age, holds opinions con
cerning the relations of labor and cap
ital that are entirely worthy of his high
reputation as a very able man of busl
ness and a statesman. He holds that
It is the equal right of employers and
employes to make combinations among
themselves, respectively, or with each
other, to advance or reduce wages, or
to establish or resist legislation which
either or both may regard as essential.
desirable or objectionable. Neither
party has a right to coerce the other
Into submission, except through the
action of the courts or tribunals duly
constituted to hear and decide upon
causes of action submitted to them by
either or both parties. The right of
workmen to refrain from labor and the
right of the employer to cease to em
ploy are correlative rights, but no one
has the right to compel any other work
man to cease from labor, nor has the
employer any right to lock out his
workmen In order to compel submls
slon to obnoxious rules. Finally Mr.
Hewitt says:
The claim of any body of men that under
any circumstances they have the right to stop
the operations of business by the Issue of an
order in the name of organized labor or asso
ciated capital cannot be tolerated. When
such an order Is given In regard to any rail
way or any other means of communication. It
Is a direct assault, upon the common weal
and the failure to arrest and punish the of
fenders thus usurping the executive functions
of the state and the Judicial power of tbo
courts Is proof of cowardice -on the part of the
public officials and of degeneracy In public
opinion which excuses or permits the viola
tion of the principle of the common law, that
"not even the King can obstruct the high
way."
Mr. Gompers seems to be opposed to
compulsory arbitration. But without
resort to compulsory arbitration before
a court that is sure to be composed of
jurists elected by the votes of organ
ized and unorganized labor, we are sure
to have periodical strikes, injunctions
violence and failure In two cases out
of three. Great strikes as a rule always
end in a resort to violence. The mo
ment the employer begins to get new
men, violence on part of the strikers
becomes Imminent When violence Is
actually resorted to, then the military
are called out and sooner or later the
strike is abandoned. This is the expen
slve, disorderly course of every great
strike. Nevertheless, both labor leaders
and employers seem Indisposed to pro
mote or adopt means of arbitrating
labor disputes, and thus preventing out
breaks which are costly from an eco
nomic standpoint to both' parties and
injurious to the peace, good order and
business prosperity of society. Sooner
or later the public weal will assert Its
paramountcy and Insist upon- peace be
tween labor and capital through com
pulsory arbitration. There is no hard
ship to labor In qbliglng It to submit
its controversy to arbitration, for the
Governors and Legislatures and courts
are made by the votes of the organized
and unorganized wageworkers of this
country, and the laws of this country
today give labor the best of It "while
In England property has the best of It
Curiosity-seekers and sightseers
should be rigidly forbidden entrance to
the grounds and buildings of the State
Insane Asylum. It is an outrage upon
the unfortunates there confined to per
mit them to be stared at and their In
firmities and appearance commented
upon by the unfeeling and' the thought
less. An Insane asylum should be what
Its name Implies a retreat for those
whose mental unbalance entitles them
In humanity's name to seclusion, sym
pathy and care. It Is no part of the
purpose of humanity and generosity, as
exemplified in the building and mainte
nance of asylums or retreats for the
Insane, to provide also a place where
the idly curious may rally and gaze
upon human suffering and misfortune.
Some time ago a point was raised, and
justly, against making the official quar
ter of the Asylum a retreat for Summer
visitors friends and relatives of the
officers, who were fed for weeks at a
time at the expense of the state, carted
about in the state's vehicles, and waited
upon by the state's employes. This
practice, dishonorable as It was (and,
if It continues to prevail, still Is), was
not so utterly unworthy of upright
men and women as is the practice of
allowing excursionists to swarm the
Asylum grounds and file through the
great buildings, commenting on all they
see and hear with boisterous merriment.
Both are abuses which should be re
formedthe first in Justice to the tax
payers, the last In Justice to the In
mates of the Asylum.
The Democratic Congressional cam
paign is to be made on the trust Issue,
so we are told, but beyond this gen
eral statement there Is no Information.
In view of the fact that such positive
trust legislation as we have Is of Re
publican origin, and that beyond gen
eral protest there Is no Democratic rec
ord on this question whatever. It prom
ises to be rather a tame campaign.
Before commissioning the Democratic
or any other party to destroy the trusts
the country will very naturally want
to know what the Darfy nrocrramme is.
hovf the thing is to be done. The day
hen a political party could ride Into
power on the basis of a glittering gener
ality, without a definite plan for doing
the things It pledges Itself to do, Is past;
and It would seem that by this time
the Democratic party ought to know it
This Is a positive age, decidedly so, and
the people always want to know what
they are swallowing before they swal
low It
Alexander Pendleton, Jr., of Arizona,
cadet of the senior class at West
Point, was some time since found guilty
of hazing and dismissed from that in
stitution in accordance with a recent
law governing "such cases. Appeal was
made to the Secretary of War for the
reinstatement of the offending cadet
He. however, Indorsed the action of the
West Point authorities and transmit
ted the papers to the President for re
view. These have been returned to the
War1 Department with the President's
indorsement, and Cadet Pendleton Is
now and from this time henceforth plain
Alexander Pendleton, an Arizona lad
who made the grave mistake of sup
posing himself superior to the law, the
purpose of which is to stamp out the
unmannerly and unmanly practice of
hazing In the United States Military
Academy.
The anarchist's idea of a republic
seems to be in a fair way to be worked
out in Haytl. The law of might Is the
only one that appears to be recognized
there. Aspirants for office appeal to
the sword rather than the ballot-box
to comrjass their ends, and the pistol
Is efficacious in vacating offices that are
thu3 filled. A United States gunboat
has gone to the island to look but for
the interests of Americans there. Our
Government has. however, not the
slightest Intention or desire to Inter
fere in the domestic difficulties of the
citizens of the Black Republic There
Is, in fact, nothing to do but to let them
fight to the finish, which, since desper
ate blows are being given and taken,
may not be long delayed.
The qrdlnance passed yesterday by
the Council establishing wMe limits in
which wooden sidewalks must not here
after be laid looks like the beginning
of the good-streets movement which has
been too long delayed. The only fault
to be found with it Is that it will work
too slowly to give the city a uniform
system of good sidewalks before the
opening of the Lewis and Clark Fair.
But It will come In time in response to
this law, and in the meantime it is to
be hoped that many property-owners
not immediately subject to the law will
replace wooden walks with cement un
der the impulse of good example and
public spirit "
Mr. Hill is the -greatest "Jollier" of
large bodies of men and of whole com
munities that the railroad business has
ever produced. Mr. Huntington was not
without an amazing skill in winning
friendship, but his effectiveness was of
the closely personal sort, and he habit
ually operated upon one auditor at a
time. Mr. Hill, on the other band, bags
his game in the maea. At many points
the two giants of the railroad world are
much alike, and in nothing more than
in this,- namely, that, like mighty trees.
the closer you approach them the big
ger they seem.
The Tracy incident ends fortunately
in a quick tragedy which affords little
food for morbid Interest and will pass
out of the public memory in a few days.
Let us be thankful that he was not
taken alive to furnish in interviews and
a public trial excitement for weak and
unhealthy minds and a "heroic" exam
ple for the criminally and the morbidly
inclined.7
Marcus Island is not of much value
to anybody, and It matters little prac
tically who owns it But if it is ours
we want It, and if It belongs to Japan
she ought to have It. The contention
rests upon a simple question of fact as
to who first discovered and occupied
It. and that ought to be very easily
determined.
In giving thanks for the reduced grain
rates, the people of Washington ought
not to forget Governor McBrlde, whose
agitation succeeded in making Itself
heard far rv&y from bom.
CONDITION OF IRELAND.
Boston Herald. .
The condition of Ireland Is often dis
cussed in this country, and as a rule the
figures quoted are those in regard to pop
ulation. On that basis there Is no dis
puting that Ireland makes a very sad
showing, for she has almost steadily lost
ground for the last 50 years. But some
figures published by Mr. John D. Crim
mins. of New York, who has recently re
turned from Ireland, would seem to prove
that, in some respects at least, Ireland has
been gaining. He shows that while
there has been a' loss in population of
about 1.000.000 since 1871, there has In
that time been an Increase in the amount
of livestock In Ireland, which increase
for horses, cattle, sheep and pigs
totals 6ver 665.000. This he takes as
showing that there has been a change in
the agricultural interests of the Island,
farmers turning their attention to stock
rather than crop raising, and also to dairy
farming. That business has Improved of
late years he proves by comparing the
exports and Imports for 1SS6 ana istv, tne
volume of trade being $18,000,000 greater
in the latter than in the former year,
though the imports are still far in excess
of the exports. The figures for 1900 were,
roughly. Imports, $60,000,000. and exports
only $6,560,000. Since 1ST9 the number of
letters delivered In Ireland has practically
doubled, while the number of telegraph
messages has very much more than
doubled in the same period. There has
been In the last 20 years a substantial
gain In the deposits In Joint stock banks
in Ireland, and the doposlt in the Gov
ernment postofflce savings banks have in
creased from 2,438,000 in 18S5 to 5,055.000
in 1500. During this same period the de
posits In trustees savings banks have only
risen from 2,018.2S7 to 2.333.053. This,
Mr. Crimmins thinks. Is a proof of the
confidence in the Government, and It may
also be taken as significant of the mollifi
cation of the hostility to England. For all
these reasons Mr. Crimmins draws the
conclusion that Ireland Is enjoying a pe
riod of reasonable prosperity.
We have given these figures on Mr.
Crimmins' authority, and do not vouch for
their accuracy, though we do not doubt
that they are taken from the official sta
tistics of the Government In regard to
the Tather surprising difference between
the exports and Imports, It Is possible
that Mr. Crimmins' figures are those for
foreign trade, and do not make any allow
ance for the trade between Ireland and
the other parts of the United Kingdom,
that doubtless prove. the best customers
for the Irish agriculturists. The constant
drain on the population of Ireland, owing
to emigration, must, of course, have been
a great check to the growth of wealth In
that Island, for. as a rule, the emigrants
are young men and women of vigorous
health. Just the class to build up the
prosperity of a country. But these Irish
men and women find a better chance to
advance In this country and In some of
the British colonies than they could possi
bly have at home. This emigration has.
as we have stated, proven a great drain
on the island; but. If Mr. Crimmins' fig
ures are correct and we have no reason
to doubt them, they certainly prove that
conditions in Ireland are not as bad as
they have been painted by some of the
Nationalists who have visited this coun
try in search of funds to carry on their
political campaigns.
Progress In Trades Unionism.
New York Evening Post
It is something that the trades union
movement in this country has at last
reached the stage where violence Is rec
ognized by Its very leaders as fatal to It.
President Mitchell's condemnation of the
rioting at Shenandoah was a shade too
apologetic; but It was at any rate a con
demnation; and we shall not again see
the wild mob spirit which broke loose In
Pittsburg- and at Homestead tacitly, if
"not openly, approved by organized labor.
Strikes -we shall long have with us, ap-
parently, and labor unions are certain to
increase In number and power; but they
will have to be conducted peaceably. It
their cause and their demands are to
have a patient hearing from the American
people. Disorder and the rule of the
mob we cannot tolerate for a day, not
even In support of Just claims. The most
Just claims conceivable become Instantly
vitiated by a resort to violence. That this
should now bo so generally admitted is a
great gain. If trades unions would take
the next step, and become, like some of
the English labor organizations, incor
porated bodies, with well-defined legal re
sponsibilities, the gain would be still
greater.
Who Are Grent Writers!
International Monthly.
How do we as Individuals use the term
"rrreat" In literature? We use Is looseiy,
but no more loosely than we do In other
connections, and presumably we all use It
mainly of things or persons that do some
thing, not of things or persons that are
on the whole quiescent, no matter how
full they may be of potential energy.
The srreat statesman, for example, is to
each of us the man wno accompusnes
something In the sphere of politics, not
the man who has merely the potentialities
of success. And he must accomplish
something which In our view is large, im
portant Influential, comparatively per
manent more or less original ana unique.
or we shall not call him great Do we
not apply the term In literature In some
such way? The poem or the poet the
book or the writer, must actually do
something with us, and that something
must be large. Important Influential,
comparatively permanent, more or less
original and unique. Obviously there are
two spheres In which this large. Import
ant something may be done the sphero
of our emotions and the sphere of our in
telligence. One book stirs our feelings
deeply and permanently; another opens
out a range of new Ideas which make
an Impression upon our lives r we can
both these books great and rightly.
Antomoblllsts' Utopia.
Pall Mall Gazette.
According to some private Information
which I have received, the tourists who
started a week ago for Vienna, following
a somewhat different course from that of
the competitors In the great race, have
had a .most delightful reception In the
towns and villages tnrougn wnicn tney
pasaed. At Innsbruck, In the Tyrol, and
elsewhere, they were royally feted by
the Inhabitants. Even the Swiss peas
ants were moved to throw flowers In the
motor cars and without indeed demanding
payment! The road is most difficult; in
parts on the mountains the way Is over
deep snow, which la now beginning to
melt, and in another place It Is reported
that the mud is 30 centimeters, or a foot.
deep. Automobllism is wonderful for
breaking down social barriers. Every
class Is represented In the race men of
the greatest wealth piloting their own
cars, and humoie professional cnauueurs
representing some manufacturing house.
It was a refreshing sjght in the early
hours or morning to 6ee v. Jh vanaer-
bllt and Baron Henri de Rothschild
munching bread and rounds of sausage,
just as If they had never known, the Joys
of a good cuisine.
Man's Greatest Enemy.
Alnslee's Magazine.
Fatigue is one of the greatest enemies
of the human race. McTdern pyslology
shows that It Is the cause of nearly half,
and perhaps more, of the several hun
dred catalogued diseases that prey upon
man. In our age, with Its high pressure,
Its hot and bitter competition, and the
unrelenting struggle for survival, its
moral and physical ravages are steadily
Increasing. Cities, In which an ever larger
proportion of our people dwell, are bio
logical hothouses, and. for some, fur
naces, forcing development prematurely.
and encouraging late hours and excite
ment asd. consuming nerve sad. irain.
THE REAL TARIFF ISSUE,
Chicago Evening Post.
Ex-Secretary Vilas's letter to Ghalrman
Warden may or may not be a perfectly
spontaneous utterance. Possibly Judge
Griggs, manager of the Democratic Con
gressional campaign, may have had some
thing to do with this dramatic reappear
ance on the political scene of a leading
Democrat of the old school, and we may
perhaps expect to hear these voices from
the past at regular intervals as part of
the, fight for reorganization. This, how
ever. Is of minor Importance. Despite the
wriggling of the Bryan faction, the Issues
of this year's campaign for control of the
House will certainly be the trusts and
the tariff. This, letter from Mr. Vilas Is
symptomatic, and Mr. Babcock will not
miss its significance.
There Is no great difference between the
position taken by the ex-Secretary and
the famous Cleveland message on tariff
reform. Mr. Cleveland denounced the tar
iff as "the communism of pelf : ' Mr.
Vilas demands "the overthrow of the
grand, central governing conspiracy of
protection." There were few trusts In tne
S0s.but even then Mr. Cleveland. In al
most the same language as Mr. Vilas
employs today, warned the people against
the "confederacies of protection and the
conspiracies against popular liberty and
popular opportunity.
Recognizing the ability and political ef
fectiveness of Mr. Vilas's "keynote epls.
tie, the question arises as to how the Re
publican Congressional committee ought
to meet It. There is an Issue between tho
two preat parties here, beyond all ques
tion. but what form and shape shall It be
Klven? The Republican party cannot and
must not enter a general denial, ana
either expressly or by Implication assert
the sacredness of high protection as ex
emplified by the Dingley act. It must
admit the need of revision all along the
line. It must place Itself squarely on
"the Buffalo platform."
The Democrats, to be consistent must
advocate a revenue tariff pure and simple.
frf trnri hpinsr out of the Question. They
will have to descend to particulars ana
tell the people exactly what they propose
to do and how they propose to uemoilsn
"the Krand central conspiracy." Will
they. If returned to power, reduce the du
ties horizontally 50 per cent? Will they
withdraw protection from trust-controlled
Industries and leave the present rates of
duty where combination is still weak?
Glittering generalities will not answer;
the voters will demand definite sugges
tions and businesslike statements.
And the Republicans must meet this de
mand for definlteners and certainty. They
will naturally deny that protection Is
robberj "a. false and deceitful name," a
conspiracy, etc.. but they must admit
that the system has been misapplied and
abused. Certain schedules, as Mr. Mc-
Klnley said, are no longer needed cither
for revenue or for legitimate protection
they must be lowered, repealed or so
"employed." by means of reciprocity, as
to Increase our foreign trade.
In short, tariff revision Is unavoidable.
Shall It be undertaken by the friends or
opponents of protection? This Is the real,
the Immediate tariff lrsue. The fanatical
and militant high-protectionists in the
Republican party must be sent to
rear.
the
Whent Lands In Europe.
Export Implement Age.
We are told that tho South European
wheat lands constitute a broad belt of
prairie 600 to 700 miles In average width
beginning In Hungary and extending
northeastward to the Ural Mountains, and
then westward into Siberia to unknow
boundaries. On the north and the west
are tho "gray forest lands," and on the
south and west are salt and alkaline dls
trlcts and sandy wastes, and finally the
Caucasus and the Ural Mountains. By
both chemical and mechanical analyses the
soli Is shown to be remarkably similar to
that of our own prairies, also commonly
known by the similar term of "black
loam." The depth Is, on an average, prob
ably a little greater than that of our
prairie soil. From a chemical standpoint
the soils of the two regions are similarly
characterized (1) by an exceptionally large
amount of thoroughly humified organic
matter; (2) by the presence of an unusual
proportion of phosphoric acid, and (3) by
a great amount, comparatively, ot unc,
potash and other alkalies. These soils
are therefore alkaline, while others, espe
cially of forest regions, are acid. It Is
well known that the substances thus more
abundant In these soils than In others arc
Just those usually needed by the wheat
plant
A Sensation Spoiled.
Toledo Bee.
"Listen, sister! I believe I hear the
voice of a man!" exclaimed Prlncjpea, as
she tiptoed across the room and placed
her ear against the elevator shaft Mlra
posla Joined her aged spinster sister, and
together they heard these words, spoken
In dulcet tones, float up from the flat be
low:
"Ah. thirty love. Now let's make It
forty love."
"Horrors! Mlraposla! Do you thlnK they
are speaking of osculation?"
"Sister Princlpea, I nm snoexca at your
suggestion. The honor of the building
demands an Investigation. Come."
Together they stoically stalked down the
stairway to the flat below.
The door was open ana iiaroia aicawas
bade them enter.
We are having a delightful game of
ping pong. Miss Flatdweller has Just
won the game. Win you Jain us?"
The invitation was coldly declined and
tho spinsters sought the seclusion of the
apartments, crushed that the vernacular
of ping pong had roDDea tnem or a choice
bit of gossip.
Revercntlnl Mental State.
Philadelphia Times.
Devoutness rather than the gentle man
ner of punctual habits would seem to
have developed In a Kensington young
man of whom a correspondent tells. He
is coaxed from his bed with difficulty
each morning by a patient mother, who
long ago taught him to begin the day
with an Invocation for divine mercy. The
whistle of a neighboring factory Is a
signal by which he generally guides him
self in his matutinal progress toward the
down-town office In which he Is employed,
A recent morning was marked by more
than the usual number of maternal sup
plications that he awake and arise. She
tried again this time her voice full of
concern lest he be late.
"John! J-o-h-n!" she called. "When are
you coming down? The 7 o'clock whistle
has blown."
Certainly her bosom must have swelled
with pride as this reply was wafted down
to her:
"To h 1 with the whistle! I'm saying
my prayers, mother!"
"Volcanltls."
New York Town Topics.
This Is the latest fashionable disease.
The atmosphere Is charged with the dust
from West India eruptions; the sulphur
ous particles get Into the lungs and af
feet the blood. The Bymptoms are ex
treme lassitude, constant drowsiness and
Indisposition. The only remedy thus far
Indicated by leading physicians is change
of air. an immediate departure for
Europe, the country or the seaside.
have known the same disease to prevail
in other years, when there were no vol
canlc eruptions, but then It was called
Spring fever.
Slay Mornlnff.
John Milton.
Now the bright morning-star. Day's harbinger.
Comes dancing from the east, and leads with
her
The flowery Mar, who from her 'green lap
throws
The yellow cowslip and the pale primrose.
Hall, bounteous May. that dost Inspire
Mirth and youth and warm desire!
Woods and groves are of thy dressing.
HIU and dale doth boast thy blessing.
Thus we salute thee with our early sonto
Afifl wxlcoms the asd wish thea lanff
NOTE AND COMMENT.
Bryan 'hopes to get there In the long
run.
Tracy paid his debt as honestly as hs
could.
The Sheriffs
can now come out from
hiding.
Tracy did what nobody In Washington
had the courage to do?
We'll venturo to say plenty of Sheriffs
were there after Tracy died.
Perhaps If we should go for. a flreboat
In a hurry we should not know how to
begin.
The Portland team Is lucky for once. It
Is up against a team more unlucky than
Itself.
A sojourner among us complains of our
paved streets. He has never seen them
In Winter.
The only reason we doubt that Kitch
ener Is a horo Is that he Is not talking
for publication.
You are an honest man, but did you ever
look your household assessment blank
squarely In the face?
In dispensing the reward, how about
newspaper reporters, who chased Tracy
closer than did anybody?
If this Is a sample of the President's
life when "nothing Is doing," what la
his life when "something Is doing."
From the fact that "Hell-Roaring Jake"
is so near nervous prostration, we judgo
that Samar got off easier than he did.
An Eastern professor bequeathed $150,-
000 to an mstltutlon. but only J30.000 was
found after his death. Did he take tho
rest with him?
Governor McBrlde can lay claim to a
good share of the credit even If the people
shall determine that his railroad commis
sion Is not needed.
What the farmer doesn't know about
farming he knows about railroads, and
what Jim Hill doesn't know about rail
roads he knows about farming.
A great part of the quest for the north
pole Is hunting for those who have gone
to hunt for it. Perhaps Baldwin's un
usual good fortune In getting back made
him say he was baffled, but not beaten.
-
Tracy lived two months an escaped con
vict It was a race of life which ran
its course speedily. It Is for others of
his stripe to judge whether a two months'
career like his Is worth a lifetime in
prison. Perhaps it is.
"Mr. President." exclaimed a General
of the Venezuelan forces, "I have again
to Inform you that we have escaped from
the rebels and are completely victorious."
And President Castro Immediately started
out after another revolution.
Although President Gompers said labor
would demand "more and more," he rec
ognized the claim that brains has to a
goodly portion of the "fruition of labor."
"We desire to" give every encouragement
to the exercise of brains," said he In a
private conversation. "We admit that
labor can accomplish nothing unless di
rected by intelligence. It is the present
disparity between the share of the two
In the world's product that .we. would
correct'
They have a story In Boston that when
President Roosevelt was there Senator
Lodge asked him If he had heard "Sen
ator Depew's new story." Mr. Roosevelt
answered: "His new story? Impossible!
Depew hasn't had a new story since he
wrote about Jonah and the whale." Tho
Senator laughed as he said: "Oh, don't
blame that one on Chauncey. It was writ
ten some thousands of years before he was
born." "Pretty much the same thing
might" be said of all Depew's stories,"
was the President's retort
Many people are wondering if the pres
ent timber land boom Is Inflated. They
think they see unmistakable signs of It.
Vast tracts of land have been taken up
whose timber Is so remote that It will
not be near market for many years.
Upon these tracts present values are
built up, not upon any actual commercial
worth, "but on speculative worth. Then,
too, people are grabbing land who don t
know anything about timber, but whose
eagerness gives stiffness to the market
On the other hand, it may bo pointed out
that the Pacific Northwest contains the
only remaining large body of timber in
the United States, and that the East 13
bound to look this way more and more
for lumber. It Is encouraging .to remem
ber that 50 years In Oregon will restore a
forest
PLEASANTRIES OF PAUAGRAPHERS
He calls his office a 'dental parlor. Isn't
that ridiculous?" "It Is, indeed. He should
call It a, 'drawing-room. "Philadelphia Rec
ord.
Small farmers are reported by our agricul
tural expert as in doubt which is tho mora
expensive, playing gol or raising hens. Boa
ton Transcript.
To Their Liking. "Is your family fond of
cereals, Mrs. Jumpup?" "on. very: ero
reading several In 'The Parlor l'orttouo now,
nd can't hardly wait from week f week."
Philadelphia Bulletin.
Mr. Burger Do they set a good table up at
Country-Slde Inn? Miss CItybred Yes. In
deed they do! All their milk and cream, but
ter and eggs are sent out fresh from the city
every day! Chicago Dally News.
Magistrate Did I understand you to say that
the parties used high words? "Witness Yes.
Your Worship: their voices were unusually
high, and their language was extremely low.
Glasgow Evening Times.
No Amateurs. Summer Hotel Doctor I
hope there will be no mistakes in administer
ing these medicines. Servant Have no fear,
doctor. I am a professional nune. and madam
Is a professional Invalid. New York Weekly.
Looking Ahead. "The Rev. Dr. Knott was
Just grand, wasn't he?" exclaimed the Chi
cago bridegroom. "Didn't you like the way
he read our wedding service?" "Indeed I did."
replied the bride. "I'm determined to have
him on every future occasion of the sort."
Philadelphia Press.
Unnecessarily Cruel. "And did you have
you- maid Incarcerated for stealing your
Jewels?" asked Mrs. Oldcastle. "Oh. my. no!
Joslah was reading to me the other night
about the way a man's body was Incarcerated
at one of the crematory places, because he
made them promise to do It before he died;
but I'd never think of treating a person that
way for Just stealing." Chicago Record-Herald.
'
To the Nightingale.
John MUton.
O Nightingale, that on yon bloomy spray
Warblest at eve. when all the woods are still.
Thou with fresh hope the lover's heart dost
mi.
White the Jolly hours lead on propitious May.
Thy liquid notes, that clore the eye of day.
First heard before the shallow cuckoo's bill.
Portend success In love. Oh. If Jove's will
Have linked that amorous power to thy soft
lay.
Now timely sing, ere the rude bird of hate
Foretell my hopeless doom In some grove
nigh:
As thou from year to year hast sung too late
For my relief, yet hadst no reason why.
Whether the Muse or Love call thee his mate,
2cta thm I jxree. of their train am L