Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937, July 14, 1902, Image 4

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Morning Oregonian., July 14, 1902, Page 4, Image 4

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Newspaper Page TextTHE MORNING OEEGONIAN, MONDAY, TOLY 14, 1902. Jte rjegontcm Entered at the Postofllce at Portland. Oregon, &s eecond-cl&ss matter. REVISED SUBSCRIPTION BATES. Br Mall (postage -prepaid, in Advance) Dally, with Sunday, per month $ 3 Dally, Sunday excepted, per year t0 Dally, with Sunday, per year 9 00 Sunday, per year .............. 2 00 The Weekly, per year 59 The Weekly, S months ........... " JCo City Subscribers Dally, per -week, delivered, Monday excepted.ISc Dally, per week, dellered. Sundays Included Oo POSTAGE RATES. United States, Canada and Mexico: 30 to 14-page paper. ........... ........J0 1 to 28-page paper.............. ....2c Foreign rates double. JfewB or discussion Intended for publication In The Orecorjlan should be addressed Invaria bly "Editor The Oregonlan." not to the name of any Individual. Letters relating to adver tising, subscriptions or to any business matter ahould be addressed simply "The Oreponlan." Eastern Business Offlce. 43, 44. 45. 47. 4S. 43 Tribune building. New York City; 510-11-13 Tribune building. Chicago; the" S. C Beckwlth Special Agency, Eastern representative. For sale In San Francisco by I E. Lee, Pal ace Hotel new stand: Goldsmith Bros.. )230 Sutter street; F. W. Pitts. 100S Market street: J. K. Coocer Co. 740 Market street, near the Palace Hotel; Foster & Orear. Ferry news 5,nd; Frank Scott, SO Ellis street, .and N. Wheatley. S13 Mission street.- For sale In Los Angeles by B. F. Gardner. S53 So. Spring street, and Oliver & Haines. 305 o. Cprlpg street. For sale in Sacramento by Sacramento News Co.. 420 K street. Sacramento. CaL For sale In Chicago by the P. O. News Co.. 217 Dearborn street, and Charles MacDonald, C3 Washington street. For sale in Omaha by Barkalow Bros.. 3012 Farnam street; 'Megeath Stationery Co.. 1303 Farnam street. - For nale in Salt Lake by the Salt Lake News Co.. TTW. Second South street. For sale In Ogden by C H. Myers. For sale In Minneapolis by R. G. Hearsey & Co.. 24 Third etreet -South. For sale -in -Washington, D. C., y the Ebbett House news stand. For silo in Denver. Colo., by Hamilton Xendrlck. 00G-912 Seventeenth street: Louthan Jackson Book & BtatiaBef-Co-t 15th and Lawrence street; A Series. Sixteenth and Cur tis streets: and H. P. Hansen. TODAY'S WEATHER Cloudy to, partly cloudy; cooler; winds becoming southerly. YKSTETTrrA-r'S trrxTHSR-Miutimum tem perature, 73;, minimum. :jmpera"r!, 51; pre-4 cibltatlon, none". PORTLAND, MONDAY, JULY 1-1 190S. OREGON'S CORPORATION LAWS. The recent incorporation of. the. Ore-, gon "Water Power & Railway Company, with a capital of $2,000,000, and- the or ganization of 30 companies in the last two weeks wlth an, aggregate capital stock of over $7,50P,OOQ, draws attention to the meager provision the Oregon Legislature has' made' for the regulation of corporations.'. No evil results have thus far grown out of the laxity of our laws, but It would seem that the rapidly widening sphere of corporate activity makes it advisable that the laws be ex tended to meet the requirements of the times. A few years ago corporations qonfined their operations tb a few en terprises of such magnitude that owner ship and control by Individuals or part ners was practically Impossible. Now every kind of business, from the man agement of a syndicate of railroads to the keeping of a peanut stand, Is con sidered a proper field for the exercise of corporate powers. Incorporated' com panies were found so useful in carrying on -large undertakings of a eemi-publlc nature, such as the "building and opera tion, of, railroads, that the laws hae "been so framed as to permit men to as sociate themselves together as a corpo ration for any and all legitimate pur poses. The advantages to be secured by in corporating are so great that very fre quently an individual conducts his busi ness through a corporation, though he is In fact the sole owner, and in fonn is the owner of all but two shares of' the stock of his company. By incorpo rating, he loses his individuality in the corporate name and limits his liability J to the amount of his corporation assets. The great good that has been accom plished in the promotion of public en terprises through corporations is so well known as to need no discussion. No one who considers candidly and" Intel ligently the history of the development of this country will favor for a moment any Legislative action which would materially lessen the facilities for or ganizing corporations and carrying on their work. No such a one will permit even a frequent abuse of corporate powers t6 prejudice his mind against corporations In general. It is well that Oregon offers an attractive field for in- vestment by companies organized un der the laws of this and other states, and it is to be hoped that whatever leg islation may be enacted In the future will be' such as further to encourage incorporations of a desirable nature. "But because It is the part of wisdom to encourage corporations, It does not follow that they should be given the tree rein they have had in the past. Every man who reads the reports of articles of Incorporation filed from time to time knows that men who have not even 3o much property as they are en titled to hold as exempt from execu tion sometimes join In the formation of a company whose capital stock is J $1,000,000. This can accomplish no good and may result In much harm. The capital stock of a company, should rep resent paid-up cash assets or tangible property of an equal market value be fore a company is permitted to enter irito legal existence and transact busi ness In the corporate name. The laws of the state should specify the rights, powers, duties and liabilities of corpo rations, their stockholders, qfllcejs, di rectors, agents and creditors. The mode of transacting business should be regulated by law so as to protect stock holders and creditors. The require ments should be reasonable and not burdensome. They should be such as to Inspire confidence and thus attract investors. The drafting of a compre henslve corporation law. harmonious In its several parts, practical In its opera tion and applicable to the latest Jcom merclal methods of business, Is not the task of a day, nor of "a week, nor a. month. Corporation law has assumed a J magnitude and importance such as to command the exclusive attention of the ablest lawyers. The trial of corporation cases occupies much of the tlme-of our J courts... To study understandings the experiences of other states under their several laws, and' to solve the 'problems that haver arisen in - this branch of American jurisprudence since- the dawn of the 20th century will be the work of a practical man with a judicial mind. But of more pressing importance is the enactment of a law which shall re quire of corporations the "payment of a tax" commensurate with .. fhe special privileges they enjoy. These privileges ;&ave a valu&.to- therA possessors. The special rights and'-'powers are conferred "by the etate, and the state should ex act a reasonable, consideration, therfifor,- Forelgn corporations, in particular, should be reaulred to Day a license tax T for the privilege of transacting busi ness Jn this state. Such a license tax should be imposed upon those corpora tions, whose business Is such that they are compelled to pay no property tax proportionate to the protection they .re ceive from the state. Qregon has been among the last of the states to adopt the plan of requiring corporations to bear their share of the burdens of gov ernment, and the shifting of the weight should be delayed no longer. At the rate charged in New Jersey, which is a popular state with corporations, the receipts from the filing of articles of Incorporation within the last two weeks would have been 51500. In most of the states the fee for filing articles of In corporation varies according to the amount of the capital stock, but it Is sufficient to produce considerable reve nue. Oregon already charges insurance and surety companies an annual license fee of 2 per cent upon their net earn ings. There is no reason why this frule should not be extended so as to Include telegraph, telephone and express com panies and other corporations having a large income but paying only a small property tax. SHIPPING TRUST AND SUBSIDY. Senator Hanna and the Seattle Post Intelllgencer, both ardent advocates of a bill which la to take $9,000,000 per year from the producers of the country, and present It to millionaire shipown ers, take widely different views of the effect -of the Morgan shipping combine on their pet measure. Senator Hanna was recently quoted as blaming the Morgan combine for the failure to get the bin through the last session of 'Congress. The dhfo Senator, who Is something of a shipowner himself, was quick, to, see that while the -public iruht give up alms to a blind beggar clad in rags, it would become sus picious of an able-bodied solicitor togged out In broadcloth, diamonds, etc. TJie dear deluded public began to get the impression that men who were financially able tc-buy $150,000,000 worth pf ships were In no great need of alms from the Treasury. According to the Post-Intelligencer, however, Senafop-Hanna is wrong In his .deductions, for Instead of the ship ping combine proving an argument against the passage oj the shipping subsidy bill, the Seattle paper asserts that "It affords one of the strongest of all arguments for the passage of such a bill, in order that American cap ital, instead of going toward Increas ing the naval strength of a rival na tion, may be diverted again toward the upbuilding of an American mer chant marine which can be adapted as a portion of the country's naval force In time of need." The Seattle friend of the millionaire shipowners laments the fact that the vessels of the syndi cate will continue to fly the British Hag; that the great majority of the new vessels will be built in British ship yards; that the vessels already built will be available for use by the Brit ish Government in time of war, etc The first objection, which Is perhaps the greatest, can be overcome much more easily and economically than by taking $180,000,000 out of the public Treasury, and presenting It to men al ready rich beyond all earthly needs. Let the Seattle paper and all other patriotic organB who desire to find the American flag on every sea demand that Congress grant American registry to the big fleet that is now carrying American products to market and is be ing operated .by American citizens, and paying profits, when there are any, into American coffers. Follow the example of Germany, whose merchant marine has grown faster than that of any na tion on earth. No subsidies were asked by the patriotic citizens of the Vater land, but they went out into the ma rine highways and byways of the world, and they bought ships wherever they could find them, regardless of nationality. They sailed and steamed this fleet back to Hamburg, Bremen, Stettin, Kiel and other ports, and the government loaded the owners with honors, gave the ships free registry under the German flag, and sent them out to. make Germany famous' In the commercial conquest of the world. Ten years ago, or for the year 1891, out of a fleet of about 140 vessels from this port, but four flew the German flag; five years later. In 1896, there were nine representatives of the rising Bea power. Last year the number had in creased to 38 vessels, and of this num ber but a scant third were German built vessels, all of the others being foreign-bull t vessels bought by German owners and placed under that flag. As to the success of this plan of In creasing the American merchant ma rine, the Seattle paper is referred to the case of the American ship Kenll worth, now under engagement to load general -cargo at Hamburg for Seattle, from which port she sailed not so very long ago with wheat for Europe, both trips being made in competition with British. German, Norwegian and other vessels. The Kenllworth was a Brit ish, vessel until she was damaged by fire In San Francisco and bought by the late Arthur Sewall about a dozen years ago- Some.,,dlfllc.uJty Ytes ex perienced In obtaining American reg ister for her, but SeAvall worked Tier in, and she has been a credit to the flag phe flies, and has brought back to this country many hundred thousand dol lars which would still be in the posses sion of some foreign owners had she been refused American registry. Let tne' Seattle paper demand that Mor gan and his associates be given the same opportunity that was given Sew all with the Kenllworth, and that is given by Germany to her subjects, and the problem of a merchant marine will be quickly solved. As to the building of "the great ma jority of the new vessels," Mr. Morgan and his associates will probably do what any other sensible man would do build them where they can be built cheapest. As to that point, the Seattle paper 1b referred to Mr. James J. Hill, who is building the largest ships in the world at an American yard for the foreign trade. An American yard has also just finished the largest two ships ever built for the Pacific trade. The contract was let by the late C. P. Huntington after receiving bids from all of the big shipyards of Europe. America Is also building warships for some of the greatest nations on earth, in competition with old-established plants abroad. "We have equal facili ties with other nations for building a merchant marine, but our antiquated - navigation laws prevent us from secur ing one as rapidly as some of our rivals 'for tra"de on the high seas are getting 1 theirs. Stockholders of the Lewis and Clark Exposition who have not yet paid the 1 assessment which was due on July 1 should send in their money without delay and save the company the trou ble and expense of sending collectors after them. The less expense of an extraordinary nature the company will have to meet the more it will have for the purposes for which it is formed, and the less danger there will be of financial failure. If people will not pay up, the only thing the company can do is to compile a delinquent list and start after the delinquents. They who are slow to pay should remember that a subscription to the capital stock of a corporation is a contract to pay money, and that amounts due under an assessment bear interest the same as a promissory note. TOO 3IUCH C03IPLAISANCE. It is passing strange that attempts to debase children are so numerous in this community and that so little stir is made over them. Occasionally one Is reported to the police or gets Into the newspapers, and a wholesome effort la made to find the culprit and give him his deserts, and it is then that the great number of unreported cases is revealed to the anxious Inquirer. Al most every household knows of them, directly or indirectly, and there are clews Innumerable to follow. But as It is a somewhat difficult matter to bring the machinery of the law to bear upon men whose Intention is to commit a base crime, and a still more difficult matter to get direct evidence of actual commission, the tendency of the com munity seems to be to suffer In silence. But this will not do. Every attempt upon the purity of childhood should 6tlr somebody to action. It should be made plain to the slimy monsters! whose trails through the community leave no doubt of their Intentions, that they are In peril In peril from parents who will protect their children, not merely turn a. slender clew over to the police. These clews are now so numerous as to be confusing. And the offenders go boldly about, seeking fresh Innocence to de base and trusting to the difficulties of legal detection and to the complaisance of the public for their security. Every attempt should arouse Indig nation and active pursuit. Such stir should be made in every case as would convince these enaklsh moral lepers that neither their acts nor their pres ence will be tolerated, and that the community will not be too particular how Justice is meted out to them. This Is one of the duties that parenthood imposes, and if it were generally ob served we should be troubled less with the noisome creatures who prey upon childhood innocence and morality and contribute altogether more than their share to the depravity of the age and of the future. People must rise against such insidious and shameless assaults or sink on the scale of civilization. A SOUND VIEW. President Hadley, of Tale Univer sity, reaches a sound conclusion based on common sense in bis annual report when he declines to follow Harvard's lead In requiring the baccalaureate de gree as the condition to the law and medical schools of the university. Pres ident Hadley says that the logical out come of such an arbitrary standard would be "to reintroduce the old dis tinction, now abolished In America, be tween learned and unlearned professors; to shut out from the law men like Abraham Lincoln and John Marshall, and to degrade the college course by shaping it to the needs of those who do not want it, but take It as a compul sory stepping-stone to something else." President Hadley and Yale University have decided to "throw open the doors of our professional schools to all who have the necessary basis of knowledge, no matter where they acquired it." Yale deserves to be heartily congrat ulated upon Its common-sense decision. "Why Harvard should have established a different standard Is difficult to un derstand, for some of the most cele brated scientists and most eminent lawyers of Great Britain were not grad uates of any college. Neither Faraday nor Huxley nor Spencer were graduates of any college; and with the exception of Darwin, the majority ot Great Brit ain's most famous scientists of the nine teenth century were not men of univer sity education. Some of the greatest of England's jurists, like Lord St. Leon ards, were men without a college train ing. Roscoe Conkllng, George F. Ed munds and A, G. Thurman, the ablest lawyers who have served In the United States Senate within the last thirty years, were men without a college train ing. The men who have made the greatest contributions In this country to medicine, surgery, science, have few of them been men who dated from any college. The great English historian of Greece, George Grote, was not a univer sity man; neither was the Greek his torian, George Finlay. John Bright re ceived nothing but an English educa tion; neither he nor Cobden were college graduates, but their English was as masterly in Its clearness, force and pur ity as that of Daniel "Webster. The great astronomer, Sir VllUam Herschel, wa3 the son of a bandmaster, and was brought up a professional musician. Sir Humphrey Davy and John Dalton owed no debt to any college. These facts are not recited as any rea son why universities should not be nourished and maintained, but they are recited as a reason why no university that Is worthy o being nourished and maintained should ever establish a clas sical standard of admission to Its BChools of medicine, law, theology and Science. The tools belong rightfully to those who can use them. It is no fair test of a man's fitness for admission to the benefits of a school of medicine, law, science or theology that he has received a classical education. You might as well attempt to prove the na tive quality of a Bret Harte or a How ells or an Aldrlch, or his right to a place of honor In American literature, by asking If he .had ever obtained a baccalaureate degree. A most illuminative light is shed upon the seamy side of popular government by the increasing power of the Lafol lette faction of Wisconsin Republicans, one of whose darling projects Is the defeat of Senator Spooner for re-election. The irony of it lies in the fact that Spooner is probably the ablest man in the Senate, and the session Just closed has added tremendously to his prestige and ability to serve his state with dignity and effectiveness. All this, of course, does not concern the Lafol lette wing of Wisconsin Republicans, who derive only Increased resentment and determination from every triumph of their antagonist. As is not uncom mon in such'' cases, Senator Spooner was originally without animosity to ward the Lafollette faction, but has marshalled his forces and gathered re sources as best he could to defend hlm- self from their attacks. The Lafollette people may win, and if they do they are certain to elect Mr. Spooner to stay at home, though the result will be Irre parable loss to the state and nationally a calamity. Doubtless every state has chapters of similar fatuity and bitter memorlea . It Is one of the incidental hardships of popular government. Ev ery man must be equal before the law. An Innocent man is sure to suffer through the operation of the law nec essary to punish nine guilty ones. The statesman of real worth and power will sometimes be cast out by the machin ery we must maintain to enable us to get rid of the undeserving. Justice and law are not always' Identical. "Vox popull is sometimes the voice of a crazy fool. Civilized as we are In many ways, the approved method of celebrating Inde pendence day Is undeniably and Inde fensibly a display of barbarism. Its noise and dangers areunjustifiable, and it is curious that with all our antipathy to China we permit her savage fires and red paper to rule our National hol iday. Protest against this form of ob servance Is now almost universal with thoughtful persona The Brooklyn Eagle, for example, exclaims: There is sad work for the physicians and surgeons, hard work for tha firemen. Irritating work for the. police, it Is the tlmo of the Na tional agony. What are we to think of our selves, that we consent to put to death eo many, and to cripple so many, and to make so many homeless, for a holiday? Patriotism? No; that proteets and preserve, and alms to make a people better and happier, while the arming of children and the Irresponsible with weapons and power tends to a. shortening of life and destruction of property. Patriotism seeks the good of the country, while the Fourth of July has ceased to stand for much in the adult mind except a day of annoyance, weari ness, discomfort and harm. How long are we to continue this spectacle In our cities? The scientific and doubtless the only answer to the Eagle's question Is that gunpowder will continue to rule the Fourth until some other method of cel ebration Is enthroned in the popular heart. The way to eradicate a bad habit is by crowding it out with better things. There Is a chance here for In dividual or organized effort looking to a more civilized form of jubilation. The originator of the reform will deserve a monument. The always difficult problem of re straining gambling and regulating houses of prostitution is to some extent simplified when the Mayor of a city takes a determined stand for public decency and the enforcement of law. It Is still a problem, however, from which It is impossible to eliminate the con trolling factors the gambling instinct and debased human passions. Shifty, persistent, clamorous, these vices will most certainly live In the dark if for bidden to disport themselves In the light, and to force them under cover Is about the best that practical men In charge of municipal affairs can hope to do. But this is manifestly a great gain, since in this enforced retirement these vices attract only those who seek their haunts, and cease to offend public de cency or recruit the ranks of their at tendants through the agency of "sug gestion," that subtle force the power of which Is but dimly comprehended, but against which, wise people seek sedu lously to guard the young and the Ig norant, No one expects to eradicate vice from a city, but It is not unreason able to believe that it can be placed under restraint. The retiring Surveyor-General of Ida ho, Joe Perrault, Is making a brave kick against the decree that relegates him to private life, but It Is Ineffectual. It was hardly to be expected that he would be pleased. He says his action in suspending half the clerical force of his office on the day he enterd it and on the same day filling the vacancies thus created with an equal number of his personal or political friends, was warranted by the Incompetence of those removed. The authorities say it was a species of pernicious partisanship that Is not to be tolerated. There Is no middle ground for such opposltes to get together on. And when a series of official acts Is open to similarly va ried construction it is not surprising that those in authority should act upon their view of the matter. Moreover, those who know Mr. Perrault know that political unfaithfulness is not one of his faults, and that with him parti san reward rather outranks all other considerations in the public service. His experience will tend to Inspire re spect for the Civil Servlc Commission as not altogether a piece of Govern mental "millinery." It is a compliment to the intelligence of the public from which the Gladstone Park assembly draws support that a Lewis and Clark programme should be arranged for tomorrow. Not only Is It recognition of the historical Importance of the Lewis and Clark exploration, but It also testifies to the popularity of the subject and Its possibility even for entertainment. Stories of the hardy explorer and of pioneer achievement will never lose interest. They freshen the life of this workaday generation and give It ground connection that Is In every way beneficial. Of peculiar sig nificance to Oregon was the Lewis and Clark achievement, and it Is capable of inspiring the greatest popular in terest. First came the hops to the Puyallup Valley of Washington, then came the aphides and after them hard times. The hop industry was ruined by the lice, but the rich valley could not be aban doned, and the people took to raising berries In place of hops, and are doing well at it. Are Insect pests a device of nature for enforcing rotation of crops and conservation of energy? The coyote may be getting numer ously scalped In Oregon, but the tax payer Is doing the suffering and he is about due to howl. Forcxt and Rainfall. rfilcago News. An example of the persistence of error is the idea that the presence or absence of forest has an influence on the amount of rainfall. Some keen observer lorig ago detected the fact that forested regions en joyed a heavier rainfall than those not forested and Jumped to the conclusion that rainfall was produced by forests, and that the removal of forests diminished the rainfall. Looking over the earth he found many treeless desert regions and forth with instanced them as frightful examples of men's wastefulness. Syria, Northern Africa, parts ot Italy, are often quoted as illustrations of man's destruction of climate. In reply man can certainly plead not guilty. The geography of this Mediterranean region, the configuration of land and water and the direction of the prevailing winds are such as to give it a light rainfall forests or no forests. The situation Is really this: Want of rain pre vents the growth of trees; want of trees J does not prevent rain. A HISTORICAL FICTION EXPOSED St. Louis Globe-Democrat. In his recently published reminiscences Hon. George S. Boutwell exposes a his torical fiction which has done duty In the newspapers and books of two conti nents for more than 30 years, which ha3 deluded millions of persons, but whlcn never would have deceived anybody who took intelligent pains to learn the facts. This fiction is contained in an Edinburgh Review article which says that Lowell's "Biglow Papers," which appeared in the Mexican War period, and which were di rected against the war, sent many Nortn ern Democrats out of their party, and that after those "papers" appeared "It became creditable to advocate abolition in drawing-rooms, and to preach It from fashion able city pulpits to congregations paying fancy prices for their pews." In toa workshops, the barrooms and other popular-resorts," the Review adds, "the laugh was turned against the slave-owners, tne ground was prepared for the popular en thusiasm which recruited the armies that exhausted the South, and Lowell must share with Lincoln and Grant the glory of the crowning vlctorlt." " The Scotch magazine's delusion has ap peared In different words In many books, newspapers and periodicals since the Civil "War time, but that It is a delusion can be shown In many ways, some of whlcn are outlined by Mr. Boutwell, who was a Democrat of anti-slavery tendencies at the Mexican "War period, and who got ac quainted with Lowell shortly afterwanls. Lowell was a comparatively obscure per son at the tlmo the "Biglow Papers" be gan to appear: they were printed In a paper which had only a small circulation, and which did not go Into barrooms and workshops: there was no split among tha Northern Democrats until the Barnburner-Hunker fight o ISIS, after the close of the Mexican War, which fight, virtually, was confined to New York, and which had more to do with the Federal patron age of the Democratic party In that state than It had with slavery; abolition preaching In pulpits in Massachusetts did not become fashionable until after the opening of the Civil War, and. as a mat ter of fact, the majority of the people of Massachusetts, or of any other part of the North, did not begin to favor abolition- Ism until after Bull Bun. "Webster's peroration In his reply to Hayne In 1S30, especially that magnificent passage opening with "When my eyes shall be turned to behold for the last time the sun In heaven." which appeared In the reading books of all the schools In the North, and In most of those in the border states for almost a generation before Beauregard flred on Sumter, was read by 10,000 person? for every one who read the "Biglow Papers." Just before his death Henry W. Grady declared it was that speech by the man whom he called the "Lion of the North" that brought Ap pomattox. Webster may "share with Lincoln and Grant the glory of the crown ing victories," but no sane American in 1S61-1S63 thought of Lowell In that connec tion. Greeley said in the Tribune in the Summer of 1S54. Just after the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska law,- that Douglas and Pierce, by that act, which the former framed and the latter signed, had made, more abolitionists In the past three" months than Garrison and Phillips could have made in 50 years. Neither Greeley nor any other Intelligent American said or thought in 1S51. half a dozen years after the close of the Mexican War, that Low ell had any especial Influence, by any thing which he ever said or wrote, in the direction ot abolitionism. Not Lowell's "Biglow Papers," nor Garrison's "Liber ator," nor Wendell Phillips' fiery philip pics, but the ravings of the slavery ex tremists in Congress, the acts of the Southern madmen In the secession con ventions and the firing on the country's flag by Beauregard, Lee and Johnston made abolitionism "fashionable" In the loyal North. Difference Between Lee and Crom well. Minneapolis Tribune. The fact that sticks In most minds in relation to Robert E. Lee is that he broke his oath as an officer of the United States Army to take the command of a hostile army. Even this might be explaned away by Mr. Adams' logic. But back of ail that lies the fundamental moral division of the Civil War: the fact that the South rebelled, noOonly against a political gov ernment, but against the moral law of liberty and the light and leading of mod ern civilization. No disappointment with th Hpvplnnmpnt of thfi npcro race has ob literated the deep conviction that slavery was wrong and that no nation founded upon it could live and prosper. This, more than anything else, Inspired the stubborn resolution of the North and keeps alive conviction of the Justice of the Northern cause and the fundamental Injustice of the Southern. This convic tion, more than any other, will delay the hour when a bronze equestrian statue of General Lee will look across the Potomac to his ancient home. Cromwell has been rehabilitated in England because he be trayed his sovereign for Justice and hon or, for liberty and progress, for advance ment of the higher law of civilization. Lee enjoys a personal respect and admi ration never given to Cromwell. If he should not be rehabilitated in the United States, it will be because he betrayed his country to fight against all these things. AGUIXALDO. In lieu of a better Job, Agulnaldo might se cure several open dates for a lecture In New England towns. Pittsburg Gazette. Nothing but a penful of Ink in the signature blank of the oath of allegiance now stands be tween Colonel Agulnaldo and the American lecture platform. Boston Globe. General Agulnaldo ems to be reluctant to leave his present quarters, notwithstanding the amnesty proclamation. Evidently he knows a good thins when he is up against It. St. Louis Globe-Democrat. Those eminent Filipinos, Senators Hoar. Pat terson and Carmack, have not as yet signified their formal acceptance of .the President's generous amnesty offer. Toledo Times. Amilnaldo's liberation puts him in the same class with the man who drew the elephant at tha raffle. Now that he has It he doesn't know what to do with It. Atlanta Constitution. The opinion of Admiral Dewey clearly is that George Washington Agulnaldo would not only have cut down his father's cherry tree, but would have lied about It afterward. Philadel phia Press. History will be unable to provide amnesty for Edward Atkinson and the rest of the ecut tlers. The copperhead enemies of American ooldlers always drop Into oblivion. St. Louis Globe-Democrat. Now that Agulnaldo Is the bneflclary of am. nesty. It Is to be presumed that he can come to the United States If he wants to. We can not promise that there will he a series of bril liant dinners and other festivities in his honor, or that the Marine Band and a, detach ment of soldiers will be ordered out to ac company him to the tomb of George Washing ton, but nobody will be mean enough to be grudge him a nice quiet time. Cincinnati En quirer. Hrmn to the Spirit of Xatnre. Percy Bywhe Shelley. Life of Life! Thy lips enkindle With their love the breath between them; And thy smiles before they dwindle Make the cold air fire; then screen them In those looks, where whoso gazes Faints, entangled In their mazes. Child of Light! Thy limbs are burning Through the vest which seems to hide them, As the radiant lines of morning Through the clouds, ere they divide them; And this atmosphere dlvlnest Shrouds thee wheresoe'er thou shinest. Fair are others; none beholds thee: But thy voice sounds low and tender Like the fairest, for it folds thee From the sight, that liquid splendor; And all feel, yet see thee never Aa I feel now, lost for ever! Lamp of Earth! where'er thou movest, Its dim shapes are clad with brightness. And the souls of whom thou Iovest Walk upon the winds with lightness, Till they fall, as I am falling. Dizzy, lost, yet unbewalllng! TRACY, PRIMITIVE TYPE OF HERO San Francisco Bulletin. It Is just one month today since Dare devil Tracy climbed over the walls of the Oregon Penitentiary and began his mad game of hldc-and-seek with death. During that time he has practically held up two states. He has proved himself a desperado of the most astounding nerve and resource fulnessa sort of Wild West Napoleon for generalship. His deadly 30-SO Winchester and the con sternation Inspired by his utter lack of fear have combined to burn and bite a wide zone of terror from Salem all the way to Seattle. No dime-novel hero ever displayed more unshrinking courage and a greater con- I tempt for death than this sanguinary Out law, xue jLuuiitir uiuiut-is uiiu iuv mu boys in their palmiest days never did any thing to quite equal Tracy's recent esca pades. With the country swarming with armed head-hunters, he marches boldly through towns and spends days at farmhouses. meantime chatting brilliantly with the in mates and making the timid occupants "feel at home." Now and then, when he needs protec tion, he . presses into his service an un willing body-guard. Occasionally he steals a man or two to act as his valet. He displays a saving sense of humor, offers to dance with ladles whom he cap tures and treats them with Chesterfield Ian politeness and the chivalry of a Dick Turpln. Even the children are reported to have run to this most astonishing out law for protection from the prowling depu ties. This merry-hearted Robin Hood of the Puget Sound country feigns a contempt for the professional manhunters who with their bloodhounds keep him pretty con stantly surrounded, and Insists that he Is fleeing only from the reporters who are hounding hlra down In order to Interview him. At times he seems almost to bo hunting the Sheriffs, from whom his ex traordinary nerve and generalship have forced tributes of admiration. The fellow Is a crafty desperado of the worst type, having already killed nine men, most of whom stood between him and liberty. He keeps several counties In a chronic state of panic. The, railroads are running excursion trains of holiday-making junketers Into the seat of disturbance, each excursionist a walking arsenal, determined to rid so ciety of this Intrepid and resourceful peat, and incidentally to win the reward of J60CO. In spite of his wide deflection from rec titude, however, there seems to be that about this fellow of cool, dauntless cour age, who has so successfully played the desperate game with death a game In which the stake Is his own head to pro voke a feeling almost of admiration. The world loves the conqueror. The man devoid of fear appeals to that primi tive savage instinct within even the best people as a sort of hero. Mussalino, the Italian bilgand. was Idol ized and protected for years by the peas ants. The robber Barons and predatory Klngs of a thousand or two years ago be came the accepted leaders of the hero worshiping people by virtue of precisely the same qualities whose exercise in this age of the world causes Tracy to be hunt ed down as an enemy to his kind. Had this miracle of daredevil courage and self-reliance lived "in days of old, when knights were bold," Instead of being hunted through the chaparral labyrinths, a center of rifle shots, undoubtedly he would have sained a following more en thusiastic and more numerous even than he has today, who would have hailed him as a leader and celebrated his valiant deeds In song and story It requires the mellowing fog of tradi tion and of history to make these strenu ous and blood-letting leaders of ancient times, who ruled by virtue of brawn and Intrepid pluck, loom up as heroes. The click of the prosaic telegraph Instrument destroys the halo of this primitive type of hero. The influence of the Tracy brand of daredevil fearlessness on the mind of the average sober and respectable citizen pre sents a curious study for the psycholo gist. Nine out of ten men one meets on the streets forget their detestation of the cold-blooded crimes this crude reincarna tion of the mad Macedonian, who goes about unchecked, conquering his little world. In openly expressed admiration for his phenomenal nerve and the clever tac tics he displays in his triumphal march through the enemies country. No doubt much of this feeling Is a sur vival of the admiration for brute force that used to dominate mankind In the semi-savage days, when ruthless might was generally crowned. This feeling, in J spite of our highly polished civilization, lurks In the breast of every one. and Is sura to break out through our thin veneer of refinement and cultivation whenever the chivalrous, intrepid scamp with the unconquerable purpose appears. Besides, this attitude of mind in a meas ure grows out of the universal feeling of sympathy for the under dog in the fight. So that perhaps those misguided street corner philosophers who are predicting that if Tracy succeeds In looting a bank of sufficient money he may yet be elected Mayor of Seattle are after all displaying a considerable knowledge of the hidden springs of human nature. PLEASANTIIIES OF FAItAGnAPHERS Too Bad. "I think it was a shame for the Indians to bury their hatchets!" "Why?" "Just think how lovely they would be for decorative purposes." Detroit Free Press. Benedict Do you think automobiles are dan gerous? Bachelor Tes; I knew a fellow who took a girl out in one. and he's going to marry her. Yonkers Statesman. Flret Commuter So jou rode past your sta tion last night? Been drinking? Second Com muter (wearily) No; there was a new brake man, who called out the name ot the station eo distinctly that I didn't recognize It. Judge. The Status. Marie I have an engagement with Cholly. and 1 Jont know how to get out of It. Helen Haven't you any reason for breaking It? Marie Yes, I hae a reason Cholly la the reason but I want an excuse. Puck. Hope. "That merchant Is very unreliable!" exclaimed Mrs. Bllggins. "An Idea!" ex claimed Mr. Bllggins. "That's where we'll go to buy our fireworks. Mabe he'll palm oft a lot of worthless last year's goods on us." Washington Star. One Exception. Mrs. Wickler Did you ever see how all the necessaries of lite have gone up? Wickler No, they haven't all gone up. "Well, I should like to have you mention one thing that hasn't gone up." "Certainly. My salary." Brooklyn Life. Dark Waters. Reporter In describing this new drlnklns fountain, would you say "the water Issues from an ornate pipe In a 'little stream or 'Jet'?" Snake Editor It's Just Schuylkill water. Isn't It? Reporter Yes. Snake Editor Then ou'd better say "a little stream of Jet." Philadelphia Prcas. One Man's Wisdom. DIggs What became of your friend Waggs? Biggs He went out West about a ar ago and married a widow worth half a million. Dlggs Now. that's what I call taking time by the forelock. Biggs Hew so? DIggs Why, he celebrated his golden weddlnp 50 cars ahead of the schedule. Chicago Dally News. Truly Modern. "No." said the up-to-date penon, "we are not going to have any fire crackers or other fireworks In our town this year." Here we express our mild surprise, adding that It really seems unpatriotic. "Oh, possibly," he smiles, "possibly. But then, you know, since bo many of us have automobiles we find that we can Injure a great many more people with them than with the antiquated means you mention." Baltimore American. Snniraani Donum. Robert Brownins. All the breath and the bloom of tho year in the bag ot one bee: All the wonder and wealth of the mine in one gem: In the core of one pearl all the shade and the shine c! tha seai Breath and bloom, shade and shine wonder, wealth, and how far above them Truth, that's brighter than gem. Trust, that's purer than pearl Brightest truth, purest trust In the universe all were for me In the kiss of one clrl. NOTE AND COMMENT. It is unkind of Tracy to make the posse hunt him on Sunday. The Portland ball team can always be depended upon to lose. Chicago Is threatened with a famine. Nothing but a boom can live on wind. Kitchener, London: Bevare of vldders, and don't accept any houses. Dewey. People who are equal to the strenuous life are now taking their annual vaca tions. If Washington isn't careful, San Fran cisco will outbid her on the next Sena torial fight. If we could only pack this weather what a trade with the East we should be able to build up! If Tracy gets lonesome he can come back to Oregon. He was really surrounded once or twice over here. Topeka, Kansas, has a flood, and the Row Charles M. Sheldon at the same time. Truly Topeka Is being punished for abia Ing In Kansas. If King Edward Is wise he will cut the cables and pull off the coronation before another army of spectators makes the or deal too severe. James J. Hill was obliged to dodge ? sea eorpent that threatened his yacht the other day. Surely an octopus oughtn't to be afraid of a sea serpent. The Roosevelt children haven't torn their clothes for several days. If this thing keeps up, the correspondents will leave Oyster Bay In disgust. Emperor William's repeated conference with J. P. Morgan leads to the suspicion that His Imperial Highness wants to cell his empire and devote his remaining years to writing poetry, building yachts, paint ing pictures, inventing, and other quiet and dignified pursuits. Representative Southard, of Ohio, who admits that he does not know many sto ries, and that those which he tells are generally ancient, recalled lately an inci dent which happened up on Lake Erie, near his home. An excursion steamer was wrecked, and It was supposed that every body had been drowned. About midnight Mr. Southard received this telegram from one of the survivors: "I am saved, but please break the news gently to my wife." Marriages must be rare events in Stur geon, Mo., if one may judge from the elo quence with which a recent one Inspired a local scribe. "The wedding," says the village paper, "as though a thunderbolt had descended from a cloudless eky, was a great surprise to our people, and set the town to echoing and re-echoing the glad tidings." The courtship, too, was none of your modern commonplace woolngs. Note: "Little Cupid, with a burnished arrow, at once commenced his matrimonial maneu vers. Homer, young, strong and ambi tious, made a noble confession of love to the rosy cheeked maiden of his choice and was accepted." "Well," said the conductor, as he sat down by the drummer, "every one to his trade. I'd stood in front of a bar so often I thought it was just as easy to stand behind It. A friend of mine who ran a saloon wanted to see a man one day, and asked me If I'd 'tend b,ar for him a few minutes. 'Sure,' said I. I only had one customer. He said he'd take whisky, and I set out the bottle and two glasses. He poured out a big drink, and when he got it half down, I remembered that I was behind the bar. 'What'Il you have for a chaser?" said I. He looked at me hard, finished his drink, started for the door, and said, 'You'll do.' That finished my career as a barkeep. I concluded I wasn't simultaneous enough for the business." PEUSOXS WOItTII KNOWING ABOL'T. Not long ago a New Yorker, well known for his convivial habits, sent a box of candy to a girl uptown and wrote on his card the hack neyed sentiment, "Sweets to the sweet." Tha next day he received a brief acknowledgment, which read: "T'anks to the tank." John E. Mllholland Is trying to get the Fed eral Government to purchase for ?30,000 the ruins of old Fort TIconderoca and restore It to the exact status it bore when Ethan Allen demanded Its surrender. He formerly waa editor and proprietor of a Ticonderoga news paper. When Carnegie was an employe of the Penn sjlvanla Railroad, in Pittsburg, long years ago, one of his friends was a conductor named John Powers. The millionaire learned recently of Powers" whereabouts and circumstances, and has given him a pension ot $50 a month. Tho two old friends had had no communication for a long time. Miss A. E Bennett, of London, has attained the honor of "ecual to the 13th wrangler" at Cambridge this yeah. Miss Bennett Is a Glrton student. The significance of th success that has been attained by Miss Bennett In mathe matical study will be appreciated if It is borne in mind that there are only about as many hundreds of women students as there are thou sands of men at the university. It is stated by the Bookman that Bret Harte gave many of the last months of his life to work on an onera libretto for Emanuel Moor. a Hungarian composer The hero is an Amer ican who. for a lark, plajs cowboy In the wild West show and rresently drifts across an old French chateau and falls In love with its young heiress. Bret Harte is said to have greatly en Joyed the work, and some of his lyrics ara charming. It Is now declared that Jules Verne, tha French writer. Is not In danger of becoming totally blind, as has been reported. For soma tlmo he has been troubled by a cataract growth, but he 1 able to go on with his work, declar ing that he does not mean to stop until he has written 100 books. His latest work published Is the 82d. but about a dozen more are nearly or culte ready for the printer. M. Verne Is now 7i years old. Hardly a doubt exists that the Vermont Leg islature will re-elect United States Senator Dil lingham, for the Green Mountain State is slow to make changes In that office. Edmund3 might be serving now had he not resigned, largely to escapo from new Senators from the West, who kicked traditions through the skylights and in slated on oartlcinatlng In public affairs almost i as soon as they were sworn In. Mr. Morrill was retained until he died In tao last aecaae oc nearly a century of life. I.oon Bourreols, the new president of tha French Chamber of Deputies represented France at t!e Deace concress at The Hague, and sained there a reputation as a diplomat. He has been Minister of Public Instruction. He Is an orator, and possesses all the arts of tho trained parliamentary speaker. To M. Descha nel. whom he had beaten In his new office, ha said: "I succeed you: I shall never replace you." That was a delicate way of softening defeat, which Is not habitual at the Palais Bourbon. Poems as The- Were Not Written. University of Michigan Wrinkle. LONGFELLOW. I stood In the road at midnight No. the clock was striking three And my thought was sad of the wife so mac Waiting at home for me. GRAY. The curfew tolls the knell of parting day. The lowing herd winds slowly o'er the lea. I'm glad I don't know how to milk. I say. Perceiving all those cows draw nigh to mo BURNS. Willie brew'd a peck o malt; And Ttob and Allen came to pree. When there they got the brew was gone; But Willie was a sight to see.