Morning Oregonian., July 05, 1902, Page 8, Image 8

THE MOENIN& DREG015IAK,, SATURDAY, JULY 5, 1902.
NATION'S POLICY JUSTj
BISHOP THOBURN APPROVES 3IAX
AGEMEXT OP PHILIPPINES.
TVcII-Known 'Authority on Oriental
Affairs Favorx Retention of
the Islands.
Bishop J. M. Thobum, who spent 40 years
as a missionary in India, and -who for the
past three years has been in the United
States recruiting from his long and ardu
ous service in the foreign field, has" taken
up his residence on East Pine, near East
Fourteenth street, -where he will, remain
with his invalid wife for the next two
months. The bishop will remain as quiet
as possible during this time, and in No
vember will return to his Held in India.
Bishop Thobum has taken great interest
in the measures adopted by the Govern
ment in the Philippine Islands. His long
stay in India and close observation of
the methods employed by the British Gov
ernment In handling the many tribes there
give weight to his views as to the policy
towarl our new possessions. On his re
turn trip to America three years ago the
bishop stopped at Manila several weeks,
and he then made a careful study of the
cltuation, and on his return gave an in
terview in Tho Oregonian, in which he
described tho policy which had been fol
lowed by the Government. In speaking
of the proclamation of President Roose
velt, as published yesterday morning,
Bishop Thoburn said:
"I think all these measures are in the
right direction. The intelligent Filipinos
will accept the amnesty extended in the
Blands in tho broad, liberal spirit in wheh
It is given, and its effect is Kolng to be
far-reaching. President Roosevelt has a
complete grasp of the situation in the
Philippine Islands. I had the pleasure of
a personal Interview with him on the sub
ject, and he struck me as having a com
plete understanding of the true situation,
'and his views are now being worked out.
His proclamation is in line with his sin
cere desire to grant liberty to the F1U
KPlnos. In my conversation with the Pres
ident he struck me as being thoroughly in
earnest, backed with a determination to
do what he considered right and to act
for tho best interests of our new posses
sions. "Secretary Root I regard as one of the
strong men at Washington. He is a quiet
man, and, Uko General Grant, has little
to say, and has never made reply to any
of the criticisms that have been made on
.him and his official acts. Jn my Judg
ment, the criticisms have been harsh and
unjust. They are about the same as were
made on General Grant, and Secretary
Root has met them the same way in
ellence. Secretary Root is a man thor
euehlv in earnest and sincere. Ho has sup
ported President Roosevelt with the same
loyalty that he gave President McKlnley
in. the policy of the Government in the
Philippine Islands.
"The establishment of civil government
1n the islands will result in the final paci
fication of all the islands. It will tend
to establish confidence among the educated
and Intelligent Filipinos, of whom there
are many. It will show to this class that
the United States Government is sincere
in its efforts In their behalf. However,
there Is a large class In the remote dis
tricts who will not accept the amnesty
offered them by the President. The isl
ands, it will be remembered, aro occupied
by a great variety of tribes, the
same as this country was occupied
by the Indians. Their languages are
different, and they are wholly different.
These must pass away and their children
will pass away, and another element, in
touch with the class who have- been edu
cated and Christianized, will take their
places. How long will it be before the
savage element is eliminated from the
iclands? Well, it will be a long time, per
haps 100 years.
"In India the British Government ,hae
successfully enlisted the natives In the
army, so that in that country, with a
population of 250,000,000, there are only
about oO.OOO British coldlers, and the
remainder of the army, amounting to over
S00.O00, are .native troops. The suggestion
I made that native troops be employed in
the Philippines was opposed by the mili
tary authorities, but this is now being
done. In course of time only a few Amer
ican troops will be required to garrison
the principal places, whjle the duties re
quired of the Army may be performed by
the native troops. In the civil govern
ment in the Islands, the General Govern
ment will retain the appointment of the
Judges, for the natives have small con
ception of Justice and honesty.
"Regarding the friars and their lands.
Judge Taft seems to have tho right con
ception of the situation. When the Ro
man Catholic church comes to under
stand that it would be better for the
islands that they be removed, it will be
better for the church. The Government
will purchase and pay for their property
and sell It, likely to Catholics. "In my
Judgment It would be better for the Vati
can to send American priests to the Pbll
Jpplne Islands, for they have a better
.understanding of the temper and spirit of
American institutions than foreign priests.
Indeed, the foreigner cannot understand
our methods of absolute, unselfish jus
tice. I am sure that the American Gov
ernment -has adopted the true policy
toward the new possessions, a policy that
is both humane and just, and that will
result in the best Interest of the natives,
although much time will elapse before the
redemption of the islands from the effects
of so many centuries of Spanish rule.
'Shortly the missionaries will extend their
posts Into the more remote districts, and
take up the work of Christianizing the
savages. Already a beginning has been
made in JIanlla, where we are reaching
32,000 people who listen to the gospel.
The Masons are helping In this work
among the Filipinos, for when they be
come Masons they are willing to listen
to sermons and addresses."
It may be interesting to quote tho re
mark of Bishop Thoburn made in the
course of his interview published in The
Oregonian July 23, 1699. He then said, in
speaking of the pacification of the islands:
"This country must establish law and
order and good government in these isl
ands. We owe this much to civilization
and the world. The people of most of
the islands are incapable of self-government,
and were the Filipinos given au
thority In Luzon, anarchy- and ruin and
assassination would sweep over and
drench the islands in blood. It will be
several generations before these people
will be capable of self-government. Most
of the present generation will have passed
away before that time shall have ar
rived. It will bo a matter of slow educa
tion and Chrlstlanlzatlon, by which the
seeds of treachery planted during the S0O
years of Spanish rule will be eradicated
entirely, and then there will be a new
race and a new civilization In the Islands.
The United States roust first establish
good government and extend protection
to all the people of the Islands. This
they have not had from their Spanish
rulers, and they have been schooled in
treachery, and hence are not to be trusted
yet. But It will not be long before they
will acquire confidence in the intention
of the United States to protect them in
their pursuits andJn their homes."
Bishop Thoburn, although here to rest
before starting for India, will make sev
eral addresses. He will speak tomorrow
mornln; at Grace M. E. Church on "The
Present Outlook for Missions," and next
Tuesday evening In the same church he
will speak on "The Philippine Islands and
Their Relations to the Pacific Coast."
On Sunday. July 20, In the morning, he
will participate In the reopening of Cen
tenary Church, of which his son. Rev.
C. R. Thoburn, was pastor at his death.
Bishop Thoburn was called to Washing
ton, and was before the' Senate investigat
ing committee looking Into -the conduct
of Philippine affairs, and gave his testi
mony. He has had personal talks with
President Roosevelt and Secretary Root,
both of whom he holds in high admira
tion as thoroughly sincere and patriotic
men.
His personal Interest in Portland lies in
the fact that his, daughter-in-law. Mrs.
C. R. Thoburn. and his four little grand
children live on the East Side.
RUSSELLVILLE SCHOOL MEETING.
It Will Be Held Tb.1 Erenlng to Dis
cuss Proposed Nevr Schoolhouxe.
The Directors of the Russellvllle school
district, on the Base Line road, have
called a meeting of the citizens of the
district at the schoolhouse this evening
to pass on the question of a new school
house. Owing to the crowded condition
of the present building, which contains
three rooms, It was decided to submit the
natter of a new building to the taxpay
ers. It is proposed to rebuild the present
structure by adding three rooms. Includ
ing an assembly hall, composed of two
rooms. The cost is estimated at from
$4000 to 55000.
The Directors say that while realizing
the great need of the additional rooms
for the accommodation of the increased
number of school children in the district,
the-"' will take no steps without the sanc
tion and instruction of the property-owners,
who have to foot the bill. It is
thought that a U-mlll tax will raise
enough money to make these Improve
ments and leave no debt. The Directors
IN TOMORROWS OREGONIAN.
Afldltlonal to all the news and the customary departments. The Sunday Ore
gonian tomorrow will publish:
SEVEN NEW WONDERS OF NEW YORK CITT Engineering undertakings
that were regarded as impossible 20 years ago. Illustrated.
SCENIC BEAUTY OF PORTLAND HOMES, NO. 3.
MR. DOOLEY'S LETTER The Archer-road philosopher tells of one advantage
of poverty.
HOMES AND HAUNTS OF FAMOUS AUTHORS First of a scries of articles
by English, men of letters; "Wordsworth, by Canon Rawnsley.
THE GREATEST COLLEGE IN EUROPE-Oxford, where 100 American boys
will have scholarships; Illustrated.
UNCLE SAM'S NEWLY CONSTRUCTED COIN FACTORY Mint at Philadel
phia that cost 12.400.000; Illustrated.
ETHICAL SERMONS BY CLERGY AND LAITY Five well-known men and
women contribute.
PRETTY ROMANCE- OF ALICE "HAY Etory of the engagement of the great
diplomat's daughter: Illustrated. ,
ADES FABLE IN SLANG Of the Summer vacation that was too good to last.
PRICELESS ARCHIVES OF THE SENATE Volume containing messages of
tho country's first Presidents.
i--
desire that there should be at this meet
ing a full and frank expression from
those Interested.
The Russellvllle school district never
carried a debt, and while every district
around Mount Tabor was loaded up with
bonds, the Directors steered clear of all
bond Issues, and paid all current expenses.
This was largely due to the conservative
policy of Deander Dew Is, who was re
elected Director at the Tecent election,
after he had served 15 years.
CENTENARY IN GOOD SHAPE.
Money for Extensive Improvements
and to Meet All Current Expenses.
Tho congregation of Centenary Metho
dist Church Is looking forward with inter
est to the time when the auditorium may
be occupied. This will be Sunday, July
20. At that time all the repairs will be
finished. The cost will run up to about
000, all of which has been provided for.
After a great struggle, dating almost
from the dedication of the stono edifice,
the church is on a sound footing. There
are no floating debts and current expenses
o m.t nmmtntlv. Thn old mortsrara
held by the Church Extension Society has t
been adjusted by means of property re
ceived from the Abraham estate, so that
It Is no longer regarded as a burden. On
completion of the auditorium improve
ments the changes in tho basement may
be taken up, but no contracts will be let
until the money to pay for the work Is in
sight. It Is estimated that the improve
ments to the basement will cost about
11200. It Is proposed to enlarge tho base
ment room.
Preparations have been started for the
reopening. Bishop Thoburn will preach
In the morning, and Bishop Cranston in
the evening. There will bo special music
for tho occasion.
GULF STREAM MARKS.
Its Course Through the
Plainly Indicated.
Ocean
National Geographic Magazine.
Tbe color of the stream Is perceptibly
deeper blue than that of tho neighboring
npa. this hlueness formlnc one of the
standard references of the nautical novel- I
lsts. The depth of color Is due to the high
percentage of salt contained, as compared
with the cold green water of higher lati
tudes, observation having shown that more
salt held in solution by sea water the
more intensely blue its color. Thus even
In extra tropical latitudes wo sometimes
observe water of a beautiful blue color,
as, for instance, in the Mediterranean and
in other nearly landlocked basins, where
the influx of fresher water being more or
less impeded, the percentage of salt con
tained is raised by evaporation above the
average.
Another important fact in connection
with the stream is its almost tropical tem
perature, due to the fact that Its high ve
locity enables it to reach the middle lati
tudes with very little loss or heat. Upon
entering its limits tbo temperature of the
sea water frequently shows a rise of 10
dcg., and even 15 deg. It was this fact
that gave to the stream in the later years
of the 18th century and the earlier years
of the 19th an Importance in the minds of
navigators that it nb longer possesses. In
those days the chronometer. Invented by
Harrison in 1765, was still an experiment.
Instruments were crude and nautical
tables often at fault.
The result was that the determination of
tho longitude was largely a matter of
guesswork, a vessel after a voyage from
thp Channel to America often being out of
her reckoning by degrees instead of by
minutes. The idea, first suggested by Ben
jamin Franklin, that the master of a ves
sel, by observing the temperature 'of the
surface water, could tell tho moment of
his entry into the Gulf s'tream, and could
henco fix his position to within a few
miles, was hailed with delight- The meth
od was published In 1799 by Jonathan
Williams In a work lengthily entitled
"Thermometrlcal Navigation," being a
series of experiments and observations
tending to prove that by ascertaining the
relative heat of the sea water from time
to time, the passage of a ship through the
Gulf stream and from deep water Into
soundings may be discovered in time to
avoid danger. In this work he makes the
patriotic comparison of tbe Gulf stream
to a streak of red, white and blue, painted
upon the surface of the sea for the guid
ance of American navigators.
COMMUTATION TICKETS
COAST.
TO THE
The O. R- & N. Co. has made a $15 rate
for individual five-ride, round-trip com
mutation tickets, Portland to North
Beach and Clatsop Beach points. These
tickets will be good any time from date
of sale up to October 15. 1902. and will be
honored In cither direction between Port
land and Astoria on the boats of the Ore
gon Railroad & Navigation Company, the
White Collar Dine, the Vancouver Trans
portation Company and on trains of the
A. & C. R. R. Tickets now on sale at O.
R. & N. office, Third and Washington.
PORTLAND-CHICAGO.
Seventy hours and thirty minutes (70VS)
is the time of the "Chicago-Portland Spe
cial" from Portland to Chicago. Leaves
Portland every day at 9 A. M. Ticket
office Third and Washington, O. B, & N.
Co.
A LETTER AND AN ANSWER
EDITOR OF BROOKLYN EAGLE RE
PLIES TO HIS BROTHER.
They Discuss Northern nnd.- Southern
View of the Righteousness or
Wrongfulness of Secession.
A letter and an answer. In the Brooklyn
Eagle, both dealing with the righteous
ness or the wrongfulness of secession,
forms an interesting Journalistic episode.
The letter was written by A. J. McKel
way, a minister of Charlotte, N. C. pre
senting the Southern view, and the an
swer by his brother, St. Clair McKelway,
the brilliant editor of the Brooklyn Eagle,
Is a vigorous and successful defense of
the Northern position. The correspond
ence was called forth by the proposal of
Charles Francis Adams that the Wash
ington Government might with propriety
some day erect a monument In memory of
Robert E. Dee. The letter of Mr. Mc
Kelway follows:
To the Editor of the Brooklyn Eagle I
have read with care the Eagle's edi
torial on the proposition of Charles Fran
cis Adams, who argues from the case of
Oliver Cromwell, that the National Gov
ernment might some day erect a statue,
in Washington, of Robert E. Dee. It
1
seems to me that the Eagle belittles the
change In English feeling toward Crom
well. There was a time when his dis
honored head rotted upon "a pike where
now his statue stands, and there Is very
little difference in principle between the
granting a site for that monument by the
English Government and the granting of
the money to pay for the statue itself.
It seems to be also that one point
made by Mr. Adams was missed by the
Eagle, namely, the constitutional right of
secession, which was possessed by the
states, before it was decided otherwise
by an appeal to arms. It 13 hardly fair
to represent Dec as having fought for the
principle of secession and the system of
human slavery- A more accurate state
ment Is found later along" In tne' edi
torial, which speaks of Lincoln, Grant
and Thomas as having fought to preserve
the Union, "and, " incidentally, to end
slavery-" The abolition of slavery was
a war measure not dreamed of. except
by a few fanatics, at the beginning of
the war. The South, as a whole. Is glad
xoaay mat slavery is ended, and with
" exception of Intermittent spells of
anger at the outbreak of sectionalism at
the North, is devoutly glad that this Na
tion i3' one.
At the same time the truth remains and
it is becoming more and more acknowl
edged by American' historians, that as
this Union was originally constituted, the
states had the right to secede from the
Union which they had formed. I doubt
that any well-informed man of the nexc
generation will dispute that proposition.
Conditions of "physical geography" can
not alter an historical fact. The power
of the men of the West to hew their way
to the sea, by the line of the Mississippi,
does not change the fact that the fathers
of the Republic, however much we may
blame them for their unwisdom, created
a Union that was dissoluble; nor do the
supposed troubles about tariffs (we have
some of them now), nor of standing
armies (we still have tho pension roll to
contend with), or other matters of a pro
phetical nature, diminish the truth of
history.
The right of secession Involved the right
of self-government Tho Southern States
did secede. The right of self-covern-
nient. therefore, inhering in the seceded
states, the duty of self-government de
volved upon them. Including the duty to
resist foreign domlnitlon. And when
once tho Union was dissolved by the se
cession of the Southern States, the at
tempt of one nation, as represented hv
the Federal Government, to exercise au-H
thority over any part of the other na
tion, as represented by the Confederate
Government, was that which has always
called forth the resistance of patriotic
men. We do not believe that "Dee would
have been a larger Dee" if he had cast
in his fortunes with the North. Instead
of with the South. That was what Gen
eral Thomas did, who was also a Vir
ginian. Thomas was a greater soldier
than Grant, according to English author
ity, and yet we do not believe that
Thomas will ever bo considered as be
longing to the same class with Dee, by
the North, or will ever be so honored
as Is the memory of Grant by the South.
As for Abraham Lincoln and tho possi
bility of some monument to him In tho
South, we beg to Inform the Eagle that
there Is one city In North Carolina whoro
a School Board of Southern men ordered
a bust of Lincoln to be placed In tho
city school building, at tho suggestion
of the principal, another Southern man,
and If the board had been a little moro
extravagant with public funds, It might
as well have been a mounment as a bust
While it was not the Intention of the
Confederacy to perpetuate the Union, It
can be certainly said that the bitter and
protracted struggle which It waged tor
Its Independence was the best guarantee
that could have been given against a fu
ture division of this Nation. Granted
that tho truest patriotism of the North
was engaged in the effort to prcsorve the
Union, it should be also granted that ex
actly the samo sentiment of patriotism
in the South was engaged in maintaining
those conditions which alone could make
union either tolerable or possible. If the
lesson has been learned that one section
may not withdraw from the Union, It was
also learned through four long and bloody
years, that one section must not provoko
another Into separation. Granted that tho
South would have been "nobler and better
South." If It had been able to foresee the
essential oncnes of this republic, it should
be granted that the North would have
been a better and a nobler North If It had
taken a different course before the war
.began: If. for example. It had not hailed
as a hero, and a martyr the misguided
fanatic who died at Harper's Ferry, after
having attempted to Incite an Insurrection
of the slaves. The war was. Inevitable,
as any one who reads the history of the
later '50s can understand, but that does
not mean that the war. ought not to have
been Impossible. The sections did not
know each other as they do today. It
was a costly experience for both the as
certainment of the facts that the average
Northerner was not a coward, and the
average Southerner not a boasting blath
erskite. Stranger things have happened than the
erection of a statue of Robert E. Lee In
Washington by the National Government:
one of those things is the proposition tor.
tnat effect oy Mr. Charles Francis Adams,
of Massachusetts, and another that there
have been so few cases of hysteria re
ported as the Tesult of the proposition.
When, m March, 1773, the English Parlia
ment declared that a state of rebellion ex
isted In the Province of Massachusetts,
the news of that act of tyranny sent a
thrill of sympathy throughout North Caro
lina, and the committee of Mechlenburg
County Interpreted it as meaning that "the
American colonies are in a state of re
bellion." The watchword was "The cause
of Boston Is the cause of us all." On the
same historic day. May 20, In the year
1E61. North Carolina seceded from the
Union. Was It all the fault of North
Carolina and none the fault of Massa
chusetts? In 1775 the North Carolina
counties forbade the Importation of ne
gro slaves and argued against the system
of slavery itself. And later than that Mas
sachusetts cast her vote against the ab
olition of slavery- Was the continuance
of the system all the fault of North Caro
lina, and none the fault of Massachu
setts? Let ua rather welcome every generous
sentiment and every magnanimous utter
ance th&t helps to make us feel once more
that tho cause of Carolina or of Massa
chusetts, is the cause of us all.
A. J. M'KELWAT.
Charlotte. N. a, June 20, 1902.
"Secession was" not "constitutional till
decided otherwise by an appeal to arms."
"Arms" were "appealed to"at all only be
cause In the forum of argument and of
votes the decision had been against the
constitutionality of secession. Opposition
from New England to Jefferson's admin
istration and Madison's, in what preluded
and produced the 1812-1815 war with Eng
land, suggested that section's withdraw
al from the Union, whlbh the South was
then ready to put down that Is the sug
gestionwith arms. The South sustained
Jackson and Van Buren against nullifi
cation, which was virtual secession. A
law is presumed to be constitutional till
It is judicially declared to be otherwise.
The Union was to be supposed to be
permanent till by adjudication or arms It
was declared to be otherwise. Secession
ists, avoiding an appeal to adjudication,
made one to arms and were beaten.
The correspondent's assertion that only
a "few fanatics" at the beginning- of the
war dreamed of "abolition"- does injustice
to all those errorlsts and they were many
who In the" South violently charged ab
olition as an Intent or as an effect of Lin
coln's election. He would better draw
conclusions from records Instead of from
theories. Lee fought for what he. could
but know would be secured by his success,
"the principle of secession and the system
of human slavery." The correspondent's
allusion to "the outbreak of sectionalism
at the North" is unhappily quite as Bour
bonlsh and as provincial as were the Boers
before they were beaten out of their
claims, among other things, to hold the
Kafllrs In virtual slavery. The theory'
that the founders and makers of the Union
thought It to be dissoluble can only be ac
ademic. They never tried to dissolve it.
They stood ready to smash those who
might try to do so. They made such a
constitution that Its friends did preserve
It, and now those who sought to break It
up soy that they are glad they were
whipped.
A cause of which the catastrophe glad
dens Its losers can hardly be defensible In
the forum of morals or of reason or of
foresight. There never was any "right of
secession." There was a claim of right.
The principle of secession, far from in
volving "the right of self-government,"
elmply involved the immoral or Insane
claim of the righteousness of the repudia
tion of a compact. Indeed it held In itself
the negation of all government by stamp
ing lmpermanency on it. When Joe Brown
threatened to pull Georgia out of the Con
federacy, the Confederacy let him know
that it would fall on him like a freight
car on an eggshell if he didn't stop his
"treason." He stopped It. Secession from
secession was an extreme of nonsense
that showed recession Itself to be abso
lutely illogical. The correspondent asks
us to accept the vigor. with which the
South sought to break up the Union as
proof that, had It succeeded, that "would
have been the best guarantee that could
have been given against a future division
of this nation." When disunion becomes
an insurance against disunion, then will
drunkenness become the bulwark of total
abstinence. The correspondent's proposi
tion Is clotted sophistry. "The best guar
antee against a future division" was
found in the" utter defeat of the first ef
fort to effect division. But a writer who
can assume that the North, not the South,
was the aggressor or that the South did
not have "self-government," In the Union,
or that the North as a whole shared the
estimate of John Brown, by his few fel
low cranks here, can believe anything he
wishes to believe.
Besides, there was no reason In or for
secession. The South and the Northern
Democracy practically controlled the Fed
eral Government, Except the Presidency,
which was given to Lincoln by Demo
cratic division. He was no Abolitionist.
All the South had to do was to stay In the
Union and hopple him. It tried to get out
and the present Governor of North Caro
lina, contrary to this correspondent, told
Roosevelt at Charleston that It never suc
ceeded In getting out, and was mighty
glad it didn't- The correspondent's talk
about the "provocation" of the North to
the South to secede Is nonsense. The
North went on .its belly to the South to
beg It to stay In the Union, and got raer
Itedly kicked for Its crawling. It re
deemed Its manhood by get'tlng up and
kicking back. The correspondent's at
tempt to liken the Revolution to the Re
bellion will succeed, when he can show
that the North sought to tax the South
without representation, or sought, by Lin
coln's election, to Impose on It any of the.
evils for which Great Britain was Indicted
In the Declaration of Independence. That
cannot be done. Till It can be done, the
attempt would be better abandoned, save
as It may Illustrate the causelessnces of
secession and the magnanimity of the de
scendants of those who put It- down to
the descendants of those who tried to put
it up. Ed. Eagle.
The Royal Family.
Whether the condition of King Edward
has been minimized In the official bulle
tins or has been exaggerated by the
fears of the British people It Is impossible
to judge. The operation to which he sub
mitted and the character of. the disease,
however, are such as naturally suggest
thoughts of the posrlble succession and
tho recent deaths in the royal1 family.
King Edward is the second . child and
the oldest son of Queen Victoria, whom
he succeeded on her death January 22.
1901. His eldest sister was the Dowager
Empress of Germany, the mother of tho
present Emperor, who died August 5, IDOL
King Edward's death would be the fourth
to afflict the royal family within two
years, Victoria's fourth son,-Alfred, Duke
of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, having died July
CO, 1900. It would also be the fifth death
among the nine sons and daughters of the
Que?n. leaving only Helena, Princess
Christian of Schleswlg-Holsteln; Doulse,
Duchess of Argyle; Arthur, Duke of Con
naught; and Beatrice, widow of Prince
Henry of Battenberg. Previous to 1900
the only death In the Immediate family
of Victoria was that of Deopold, Duke of
Albany, the eighth child, 1SS4.
In case King Edward does not recover
the crown goes to his second son, George
Frederick. Duke of York, and Prince of
Wales, the oldest son, Albert Victor, Duke
of Clarence, having died In 1S92. In this
event the queen consort will be the former
Princess Victoria May of Teck, who Hke
her husband Is deservedly popular. The
Prince of Wales Is about 37 years old, and
Is. furthermore, the only surviving son
of the six children of King Edward, the
sixth child, Alexander, having died In
Infancy in 1S7L Of his three sisters, one
Is the Duchess of Fife, one Is unmarried
and one is the wife of Prince Charles of
Denmark. .The Prince of Wales himself
has had foui children Edward Albert,
born In 1S4, who would become, heir-apparent;
Albert Frederick, Victoria Alex
andra and Henry.
Thp wprilr iini tlrpfl nrff-nna of fl-i Tinrtt?
are built up by Hood's Sarsaparilla, the
great blood tonic.
SHEEP CROWD THE RANGE
INCREASE OF SEASON BRINGS NUM
BER UP(TO 5,000,000.
No Large Shipments Have Gone East
-Wool Clip la Unnsnal as to
Quantity and Quality.
Livestock Agent C. J. Mlllls, of the O.
R. & N., says there are more sneep on
the Oregon ranges than they ever knew
before at one time. Comparatively few
were sent to market last year because
the price was not so high as the year
before, and this resulted In a large ac
cummulatlon of sheep that would havo
moved under other conditions. The large
Increase this season has still further
crowded the range and brought the num
ber of animals well up toward 5,000,000.
This Is more than there Is range for or
dinarily. The season thus far has been exception
ally favorable for the sheep, however,
and .there has been comparatively little
trouble where In an ordinary season there
would have been great slaughter of the
Innocents, and there has not been entire
harmony this year. But the cool, moist
weather has made grass plentiful and
there has been little occasion to fight
for pasturage. But It Is also early In
the season. It Is expected that the sheep
will experience considerable difficulty In
getting feed along In dog days or latter.
Then will come the real test to see how
many sheep can be maintained on the
Oregon range. And the conditions are
such that the market Is rather expecting
the price of sheep to fall.
No large shipments of sheep have gone
East this year. If the corn crop of Kan
sas, Nebraska and Iowa shall turn out
good, a considerable sheep movement In
that direction may be looked for, for
the price of screenings, on which sheep
are fattened. Is governed by the price
of corn, and a large corn crop will mean
cheap screenings and a heavy demand
for range sheep to fatten. The present
prospect for corn Is good, and it is cer
tain that the overpressure on the Oregon
ranges will welcome the relief that will
come from an active demand In that
quarter. A few bands of sheep have been
driven into California this year and many
more are likely to go that way. but the
100,000 or so sent to adjoining states are
hardly missed from our millions.
The wool clip has been unusual for both
quantity and quality. The quantity Is
not adequately represented by figures of
weights, for the wool Is so clean that the
fleeces are lighter than common. But the
woo. Is there, just the same, and It is of
long, even fiber that gives it added value.
Favorable weather during the growing
season accounts for the extra quality and
the large number of animals shorn ac-
I counts for the extra quantity. Satisfac
tory prices are paid for the clip and the
wool Is moving oft to market freely and
even without the rate disturbances that
have characterized the business hereto
fore since railroads began competing
for It. y
Neat cattle have brought too good a
price In the Coast markets to permit much
of a'movoment East. Prices have been
so high that Wyoming. Montana and the
Dakotas, which formerly drew heavily on
the Oregon ranges for feeders, have this
year been stocked from Texas, and they
are likely to continue to draw from that
source.
A few thousand cayuses have been
taken from the ranges for Army use
In Afrlcaand for the Llnnton pickling
and fertilizer works, but there are still
a vast number of animals at large that
ought, In the Interest of the stock busi
ness, to be gotten out of the country.
An ornery cayuse pony that will hardly
bring enough In the market to pay his
freight to the boneyard consumes as
much pasture as would be required for a
ICOO-pound steer. Many thousands of
these worthless animals cat out the range
of Eastern Oregon and make hard pick
ing for cattle. And, of course, they in
crease faster than the useful and profit
able animals, for which there Is a good
demand at all times.
The prosperity of the livestock men
tends to overgrazing of the range. They
do not care to sell until they can get the
top prices of the year before, and often
the market will not Justify them. Then
the stockmen, not needing the money,
hold their animals for better offers. And
the stock accumulates and the range
suffers.
PAPER AND INKS.
Papyrus Might Be Plnnted in the
Southern Bayous and Everglades.
Springfield Republican.
Papyrus, supposed by many to be an ex
tinct plant, nevertheless does exist In
some of the lake margins of Lower Egypt,
and occasionally Is found elsewhere, as,
for example. In the famous fountain of
Arethusa, In Sicily. Whether this be the
real papyrus antlquorum. from which the
paper of Egypt and Greece was made, or
the papyrus corymbosus, abundant in In
dia, and used for mats, is not so sure.
But why should not the papyrus be added
to our paper stock resources? It could
propably be domesticated In Florida
swamps and Louisiana bayous. Moreover,
It might be planted In the vast marshes
of the Amazon system. Something must
be done to Insure the constant supply of
paper; the forests of spruce and poplar
are not going to last forever, under the
drain of the pulp mills; and attention
should be turned to the rank marsh
grasses and sedges, among which there
must be many which are capable of use
and so of cultivation. It may prove a
mistake to drain and bury all our marshes
even In the North; and the apparently
Irreclaimable Gulf Inlets, swamps and
everglades might as well be experimented
with by cultivating tbe papyrus. The
papyri that are found are brittle, after
some thousands of years, but It Is possible
that the resources of chemistry may bet
ter that tendency. At all events, why Is
It not worth trying?
There Is als6 a fortune waiting for the
man who can make a ,good Ink. A good
many skilled chemists have devoted their
lives to the problem, which seems almost
as Impossible of solution as the philoso
pher's stone or the squaring of the circle.
The trouble is that the demands of mod
ern life are many and incompatible. It
is easy to make an Ink that will flow
easily, or an Ink that has good color, or
an Ink that Is Indelible, but the difficulty
comes In getting all these qualities at
once. The moet usual compromise Is found
In the various "commercial writing fluids,"
which are somewhat more pronounced
than pure water, but not enough so to en
title them to be called ink. "Commercial
writing fluid" is the right term. It is still
possible to get a good black Ink. if one
knows where to look fpr It, an ink solid
and emphatic and without that detestable
glossy shine which most genuine black
ipks have. Music copyists and others
who must have a strong and positive Ink
have their own secret sources of supply,
obscure stores where a few bottles of the
real thing are still to be had, black as a
raven's feather, and warranted not to
shine at any angle, and never to fade.
But such inks do not fit In with modern
conveniences. They do not consort with
the fountain pen, and it Is difficult to
keep them from spoiling when exposed to
the air. What is wanted is an ink of this
sort with the modern virtues added, and
after all the problem ought not to be so
much harder to solve than wireless teleg
raphy, say, or X-ray photography.
No Money In Chess.
Brooklyn Citizen.
.There Is no game in the world at which
it is so difficult to make money as chess.
Ches3 is unquestionably the most scientific
pastime in existence, and requires a high
degree of intelligence to excel at it; but
professional chessplayers, says Answers,
are a singularly Ill-paid body of men.
Putting aside Jockeys, who are more or
Brewed in a plant as clean ai the deancst home kitchen always open to 3
Brewed in a plant as clean as the
your inspection 58,971 nkorf last year.
CHAS. KOHN fc CO.,
PIANOS :
lerrinnlntr with this month,
iucements in the wav of
July one of the busiest months of the year. While it
ha ever been our object to sell on the closest margin.
vet we will give a special discount this month on our
entire line. We have a number of sample pianos of
standard factories, as well as some shop-worn Instru
ments, that we will sell at about factorv cost. See
our pianos at $200, $226, S23S and $256. They are beauties.
FACTS AND FIGURES
FACTS are realities, circumstances that exist. When
we say we have the largest line of old. established
makes of Pianos ami Organs of any house In the
United States. It Is an undisputed fact. FIGURES aro
the basis of all computation, and do not He. The figures
show that we handle more pianos than all other Coast
dealers put together. There Is a reason for this. Call
at our store and you can readily see for yourself.
ALLEN & GILBERT CO.
Successor to the Wiley B. Allen Co.
the-Bicr Piano Dealers. 200.
211 First St.,
The
FIX!
BV EVERY TEST,
THE BEST.
less rich men. fourth-rate players of many
games earn far more than the most distin
guished chessplayers.
.Manuel Lasked. the world's greatest j
v.wo..uju, wua liiieiy ucen appointed to
a professorship of mathematics- at Owens
College, Manchester, and Dr. Tarrasch
makes a comfortable Income aa a medical
man in Germany; but their Income has
nothing to do with their chess. Many
of the competitors in the last great tour
nament are men of world-wide fame; but
most of them are glad to compete for
prizes of which the highest is only worth'
a few hundred pounds, and such tourna
ments only occur once In two or three
years.
A professional chessplayer's earnings for
the most part consist of such fees as he
receives for teaching chess or from play
ing exhibition games at a local club, and
any- prizes he may- win at a chess tourna
ment, and the former of these fees often
amounts to less In a year than a decent
bllllard-playcr would receive in a month.
E. W. broTer-
Thls name must appear on every box of, the
genuine Laxative Bromo-Qutnine Tablets, tho
remedy that cures a cold tn one dav. 25 cenu.
DAILY METEOROLOGICAL. HEl'OUT.
PORTLAND. July'-!. Maximum temperature.
02: minimum temperature, 53, river readlns at
11 A. M., 14.5 feet: char.se in 21 hours; rise
0.2 foot; total pre'clptatlon. 5 P. M. to 3 P. M..
.11 Inch; total precipitation since September 1,
1001, 40.CS Inches; normal precipitation since
September 1, 1001, 45.84 Inches; deficiency, 5.16
inches: total sunshine July 3. 1002. 47 minutes;
possible sunshine July 3, 1002. 15 hours 42 min
utes. "WEATHER FORECASTS.
Portland and vicinity Fair and warmer.
Northwesterly winds.
Oregon Fair; warmer except near coast.
North oterly winds. .
"Washington Fair west, showers followed by
fair extreme east portion. "Warmer except near
coast. Northwesterly winds.
Idaho Fair south; showers followed by fair
north portion. "Warmer.
WEATHER CONDITIONS.
The rains In the North Pacific States have
practically ceased In all sections except In
Eastern "Washington and Northern Idaho, where
they still continue. Showers occurred generally
throughout tho district during Friday forenoon,
and come light sh&wers fell during the after
noon In the "Willamette "Valley.
Fair and warmer weather will prevail" Sat-
PRESSED HARD.
Coffee's "Weight on Old Age.
"When prominent men reillze the In
jurious effects of coffee and the change
in health that Eostum can bring they are
glad to lend their testimony for the bene
fit of others.
Mr. C C. Wright, Superintendent of
Public Schools in North Carolina, says:
"My mother, since her early childhood,
was an inveterate coffee-drinker, and
had been troubled with her heart for a
number of years, and complained of that
'weak-all-over feeling and sick stomach.
"Some time ago, r was making an of
ficial visit to a distant part of the coun
try and took dinner with one of the mer
chants of the place. I noticed a some
what peculiar flavor of the coffee, and
asked him concerning It. He replied that
It wjs Postum Food Coffee. I was so
pleased with it, that after the meal was
over I bought a package to carry home
with me. and had wife prepare some for
the next meal; the whole family were so
well pleased with it that we discontin
ued coffee and .used Postum entirely.
"I hid reaily been at times very anx
ious concerning my mother's condition,
but we noticed that after using Postum
for a short time she felt so much better
than she did prior to its use, and had lit
tle trouble with her heart and no sick
stomach; that the headaches were not so
frequent, and her general condition much
Improved. This continued until she was
as well and hearty as the rest of us.
"I know Postum has benefited, myself
and the other, members of the family, but
not In so marked a degree as In the case
of my mother, as she was a victim of
long standlaz."
KMJTTSO I
W QUART
deancst home kitchen always open to
TragnfrjjiMMMJ
Distributers. Portland.
we DroDose tn offer such In-
Drice and terrr as to make
PORTLAND.
Royal Fruit Jar
MADE IN FINE FLINT GLASS
WITH GLASS COVER
- , 1&-PINT, QUART,. 2-QUART
ASK TOUR DEALER FOR THEM OR
SEND YOUR ORDER TO
PRAEL, HEGELE & CO,
Apents for Incorporated
Oregon, Washington and Idaho
100-106 FIFTH STREET, COR. STARK
Puck'
Rye
For:
Mcdlclnal
Purposes.
Household
Necessity.
Beneficial
to Young
and Old.
H. FLECKENSTEIN & CO.;
DISTRIBUTERS.
urday In Oregon. Western Washington and
Southern Idaho. In Eastern Washington and
Northern Idaho the weather will clear by after
noon, probably being preceded by showers In
the morning
PACIFIC COAST WEATHER.
jNE old Rl
C Wind
" i-sL 2. r
2 i:- o n
STATIONS.
So
Astoria
Baker City
Bismarck
Boise
Eureka
Helena
Kamloops. B. C.
Neah Bay
Focatello
Portland
Red Bluff
Roseburg
Sacramento . . .
Salt Lake City ..
San Francisco ..
Spokane- ...
Seattle
Walla Walla ...
154 0
.121121 mv
021 8tNW
00 W
.10 NW
0018N
01 12 SW
.00 Oi
, 00I2C sw
.12I sw
.10 c,w
Pt, cldy
Cloudy
Cloudy
Pt. cloudy
Clear
u
ilO
JCCO
os o
52
Cloudy
iCIoudjr
Cloudy
Pt. cloud
Cloudr
0
58
02
C2
82
001 5,N
02 12' NW
Clear
4
Cloudy
800
18 S
IO'N
18! W
Clear
C2iO
(Kj0
Cloudv
Cle&r
5i0
600
ij Rtir
Raining;
Cloudy
!o2lNE
.041 SW
(500
naming
Light.
EDWARD A BEALS. Forecast Official.
MEETING NOTICES.
M. E. B. A.. NO. 41. Regular meet,
lng this evening, at 8 o'clock. Every
member expected to be present at thlj
meeting. J. W. COLLTER. Sec'y.
ALBINA LODGE. NO. 101. A F.
& A. M. Stated communication thli
(Saturday) evening, at 8 o'clock.
Work In F. C. degree. By order W.
M. A. J. LNDLAN. Sec
FL'XERAL NOTICES.
CARROLL Mrs. Mary Carroll, a native of
County Limerick. Ireland, In the 50th year of
her age. Funeral from her late residence.
Third and Grant sts.. Saturday morning, July
D. thence to St. Laurence's Church, where a
high requiem mass will be offered for the re
pose of her soul at 0 A. M. Interment Mount
Calvary cemetery.
HARRIS In this city. July 2, Fanny, beloved
wife of H. E. Harris, and mother of Carrie.
Lena, Tllla., Hennle, Frances. Sarah. Ike and
and Sol Harris; a native o Bavaria. Ger
many: aged 71 years 2 months 1 day. Fu
neral Sunday, 10 A. M., from her late resi
dence, 500 Hoyt st.
STEVENSON In this city, July 3. Alice, tw
' loved daughter of Mr. and Mrs. J. B. Stfr
venson. Funeral Sunday, at 2 P. M.. at the
home of Mr. and Mrs. M. York. 453 East
Sherman st. Interment at Lone Fir. Friends
Invited.
HENDREN Friends and acquaintances aro re
spectfully Invited to attend the funeral of
Walter Hendren. from the home of hla par
ents. 343 N. 17th st.. today, at 2 P. M. In
terment at Lone Fir cemetery.
J. P. FIXLEY fc SON. Prosreanive
Fanernl Director and Embnlxners.
Cor-. Third and Jeffer-ion Sta. Com
petent lady rnts't. Both phones No. 9.
EDWARD HOIjMAX. Undertaker. 4th
and Yamhill ata. Rena Stlnson, lady
assistant. Both phones No. p7.
&