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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (April 24, 1902)
THE MORNING OBEGONIAN, 5HT7KSDAY, 'APRIL 24, 1902. Entered at the Postofflce at Portland, Oregon, as second-class matter. REVISED SUBSCRIPTION RATES. By Mall (postage prepaid. In Advance Daily, with Sunday, per month $ 85 Dailr, Sunday excepted, per year 1 CO Daily, with Sunday, per year 0 OO Sunday, per year 2 00 The Weekly, per year 1 50 TLc Weekly, 3 months 00 To City Subscribers Dally, per week, delivered, Sundays exccptcd-lSe-Daily, per week, delivered. Sundays lncluded.20c POSTAGE RATES. United States. Canada and Mexico: 10 to 14-page paper ,...lc 14 to 28-page paper . 2c Foreign rates double. News or discussion intended for publication In The Oregonlan should be addressed invaria bly "Editor The Oregonlan." not to the name of any Individual. Letters relatlngo adver tising, subscriptions or to any business matter should be addressed simply "The Oregonlan." Eastern Business Office, 43, 44, 45, 47, 4S, 4D Tribune building. New Tork City; 400 "The Rookery," Chicago; the S. C. Beckwlth special agency. Eastern representative. For sale in San Francisco by L. E. Lee, Pal ace Hotel news stand; Goldsmith Bros.. 230 Sutter street; F. "W. Pitts, 1008 Market street; J. K. Cooper Co.. 74C Market street, near the Palace Hotel; Foster & Orear. Ferry new3 eiand. For sale In Los Angeles by B. F. Gardner. 239 So. Spring street, and Oliver & Haines, 305 So. Spring street. For sale in Sacramento by Sacramento News Co., 429 K street, Sacramento, Cal. For sale In Chicago by the P. O. News Co., 217 Dearborn street, and Charles MacDonald, 63 "Washington street. For sale In Omaha by Barkalow Bros., 1612 Farnam street For sale In Salt Lake by the Salt Lake News Co., 77 W. Second South street. For sale In New Orleans by A. C. Phelps, 609 Commercial Alley. For sale in Ogden by C. H. Myers. On flle at Charleston, S. C, In the Oregon ex hibit at the exposition. For sale in Washington, D. C, by the Ebbett House news stand. For sale in Denver. Colo., by Hamilton & Kendrlck. 90C-912 Seventeenth street; Louthan & Jackson Book & Stationery Co.. 15th and Lawrence streets; A. Series, 1053 Champa street. TODAY'S WEATHER Probably showers; slightly cooler; winds becoming southerly. YESTERDAY'S WDATHER-Maximum tem perature, 01; minimum temperature, 40; pre- i-jj"iauon, none. r PORTLAXD, THURSDAY, APRIL 21. EVERY VOTE NEEDED. It is a matter of relative indifference to The Oregonlan who occupies the places on the local tickets of the Re publican party. So that they are hon est and competent men, this paper has no quarrel with their personal predilec tions. Whether one machine or another is In the ascendant, the recognized ex ponents of the Republican party and of those National principles for which the Republican party stands are rec ognized as the men through whom these results must be attained if they are to be attained at all. It has been a long time since The Oregonlan felt obliged to oppose the local nominations of the Republican party in a general election, and it hopes the time will be long before it has to oppose them again. Measures are more than men, and prin ciples than personalities. In 1890 the struggle for supremacy between the two factions in Multno mah County resulted in the victory of James L-otan, who became chairman of the Republican State Central Commit tee, D. P. Thompson, of Portland, being the nominee for Governor. The Orego nlan supported the ticket. In 1892 a compromise was effected between Simon and Lotan and The Ore gonlan supported the Republican ticket against a "Citizens' " ticket growing out of the campaign for consolidation. In 1894 the party was united upon the basis of Lord for Governor and Dolph for Senator. The whole ticket was sup ported by The Oregonlan. In 1896 the Simon ticket was declared the regular Republican ticket in this county, and The Oregonlan supported It. It did not support'the Republican nomi nee for Congress in the Second District, a silver man, but tried to elect an inde pendent Republican nominee who was pledged to the gold standard. In 1898 the Simon ticket Was again recognized as the Republican ticket, though the Mitchell men forced the nomination of Geer for Governor, and The Oregonlan supported it. before 1900 Mr. Simon had secured his own election as United States Senator, an office The Oregonlan never advocated him for and never desired or approved his election to. He insisted upon the ticket that year being named with pri mary reference to his own succession, and though this was contrary both to The Oregonian's judgment and its de sire, it nevertheless supported the ticket as vigorously as it could find means to employ. This year the opponents of Mr. Simon have secured control of the party or ganization, and The Oregonlan sup ports the ticket, and asks Republicans to do the same, for the same reasons and on the same grounds it has ap pealed to heretofore namely, the need of indorsement of the position taken by the Republican party throughout the Nation. Men come and go, machines rise and fall, but the purposes of the Repub lican party, towards foreign and do mestic affairs, towards our Industries and our trade and the National honor, must be maintained. They can only be maintained by united and unwavering support of the Republican nominees. The welfare of the American people needs every Republican vote in Oregon this year for the Republican ticket. NUMBER 85. Number 85 was out yesterday to the joy of hundreds. Whenever it appears there is a rush for it, and it gjoes on its way the comfort of Its fellow travelers and the cynosure of every observing eye. Every Spring there comes one bright, warm day when number 85 ap pears and spreads happiness all about Old maids sigh for it and children cry for it What is this prodigy? Well, Number 85 is simply the finest street-car in Portland, It is an open car about 40 feet long. There is a shut up box for the motorman, where pas sengers cannot crowd in to step on his feet or get in the way of the brake. The seats run- crosswise, so that the traveler is not jerked against his neigh bor every time there is a stop or a start. and through the whole length of the- car runs a center aisle, so that the con ductor can collect fares without hav ing to hang on the sides by his teeth and toenails. Number 85 is an able toodied worker that will go .down to First street and take 150 people up to the top of Washington street without turning a hair. The Nob Hillers will miss two cars to get on Number 85, and it is crowded to the steps before it has gone six blocks from the foot of Washington. It is a pleasure to know that the street-car company that owns Number 85 is building it a Iqt of companions. The car is costly, expensive to maintain and hard to run. It carries ' lights enough to illuminate a torchlight pro cession, it makes the motorman sweat to stop it in a short block on a down grade, and In the f&ick hours of the forenoon it makes the manager sick with its array of empty seats. "There fore it takes a good deal of nerve to put more money into such expensive establishments. But the times are rush ing, trai-el is increasing, and unless the road reaches out for business, a competitor will get it. Number 85 and those other magnificent new Portland made concerns on the Third-street line; the big piles of heavy new rails lying about the streets ready to be put down; the new lines projected in all directions, the increases of wages and shortening of hours; the more frequent trips and later cars, are all marks of Portland's progress and evidences of the faith its street-car men have in its future. Get out of the old bobtalled horse-car mossback spirit and organize on the basis of Number 85. Get your Ideas of what a city ought to be lengthened QUt and widened out and raised up. Figure on a 200,000 population, make your ar rangements accordingly, and first thing you know it will be at hand. Don't be scared out by slack hours now and then, or heavy grades, or the cost of light and power. Nobody ever got passen gers by cutting down equipment and looking glum. Nobody ever built a great city by taking despondent views and preaching gloom. The spirit that is to make a greater Portland for 1905 is revealed In these hopeful Investments In street-cars, business blocks, dwell ings and pavements. Take a hint from Number 85 and get a onove on. The town is growing. Portland is all ritrht BE CHEERFUL, KIND SIRS. The man who makes a disastrous mistake is apt to be fertile In invention of reasons outside his own judgment. Somebody was ungrateful or perfidious. As for the party in error, he is the victim of circumstances. Certain excel lent gentlemen hereabout made a mis take relative to a recent political epi sode in Multnomah County. They had to choose between Simon and anti union, and their choice was wrong. They couldn't guess right They hesi tated, they took counsel, they debated and then they took the leap. The se quel showed that they jumped the wrong way. They found themselves to the windward of shelter in a freezing gale. Against this stroke of fortune they rebelled mightily, and found vast quantities pf blame to bestow in every quarter but upon their own misguided judgment Disastrous as were the consequences of this mistake, they were not more serious than the nature of the error justifies, for their miscalculation in this case betrays an estimate of popular brains and conscience that is far from flattering to its authors. These men knew very well that Mr. Simon had been a failure in the Senate and that his failure was universally recognized. They had the opportunity to join in the popular movement to unhorse him from his control of the party throughout the state, in Marion and Wasco Counties as well as at the Multnomah County Courthouse and in the City Hall at Portland. But they could muster neither the courage to antagonize his machine nor the strength Qf vision to see that upon an appeal to the party at a fair primary he was certain of defeat Their confidence In the Simon machine was supreme, their confidence In the people was nil. It Is a serious misadventure in polit ical me to rate an intelligent and aroused people as helplessly bound in the web of a discredited but Indefatiga ble boss, when a secret ballot and an honest count Is put into their hands for their redemption. It is a mistake "that may well add to the poignancy of regret over defeat But a mistake al most equal in magnitude is that of im puting the result to other than Its real causes, and of cherishing resentment against those who had faith in the peo ple and acted accordingly. The men who identified themselves with the Simon machine in the late struggle for control of the party have themselves to blame for their defeat They were their own masters, they ex ercised their own choice, and bound themselves to abide by its resulta The Oregonlan would suggest to them that they are not helping matters any by resentment against all who chanced to be- the humble instruments of Provi dence in attendance upon the upper and nether millstones of Its grinding mill. Anybody may make a mistake: but few have the hardihood to expect the same results whether their choice Is right or wrong. DANGER IX LEXIEXCY. When General Chaffee telegraphed the War Department from Manila that "to withdraw all our forces from Mindanao will ruin our prestige; to withdraw part of our forces will be dangerous," he proved himself to be the right man for his place, for the President has replied directing him to "do nothing that will impair our prestige," and gives General Chaffee full discretion to enforce peace and order in Mindanao. General Chaf fee is an old Indian fighter who knows that swift, sure and stern punishment after peaceful redress has been refused is the only sound policy In dealing with a barbarian foe. To temporize, to do anything that looks like showing the white feather, Is to Invite contempt and Insure ferocious warfare. The British, warned by bitter experience, have adopted this policy .In dealing with the wild "Hill tribes" of India. They treat them justly and kindly, but when de mand for the surrender of murderers Is refused, the British Government sends its soldiers against the contuma cious tribes and makes- war without mercy until they submit and surrender their criminals. This was always our policy in our dealings with the Indians. A barbarian foe must be made to feel at once the weight and power of the arms of the government when he begins to rob and murder, or he will become a chronic rebel. The Island of Mindanao Is the largest of the Philippines, with the ex ceptionof Luzon. It Is inhabited by Moros, who are Malays, and In the past have been the most desperate and fero cious pirates that ever infested the Eastern seas. They never acknowledged Spain's, authority, and were never re duced to subjection by that power. These Moros, who are Mohammedans, were sure sooner or later to come Into collision with our military forces, and General Chaffee should be allowed to curb and crush them without any check on the part of our Government. These Moros plume themselves on their ability to stand off Spain, and Imagine that our American officers and soldiers are of the same quality in military, skill and Intelligence. If General Chaffee Is dyea a free ( hand with these Moros, he will quickly tame them by the same methods that were employed to reduce to submission the wild tribes of marauding Sioux, Cheyennes and Apaches. But If a tem porizing policy is adopted, we shall have a long and expensive contest If General Chaffee should withdraw our forces? from Mindanao or greatly reduce them, the whole group of the Philip pines would begin to smoke and steam with the heat of latent fires of Insur rection, and In a few months all Luzon would be In a blaze up to the gates of Manila, The whole work would have to be done anew under most difficult and discouraging circumstances. It should not be forgotten that General Anderson ascribed the early success of the Fili pino Insurrection to President McKIn iey's mistaken policy In refusing the military authorities permission to at tack Aguinaldo's forces promptly after the surrender of Manila, the moment he assumed an attitude of hostility. Mindanao needs to be thoroughly re duced to a state of peace and order; If we fall to do It we shall, as General Chaffee predicts, lose our prestige In the Philippines so completely that it will be most difficult ever to regain It No greater blunder could be made by our Government than to Impose a temporiz ing policy upon General Chaffee and tie his hands at a most critical moment when he proposes to teach the Moros by stern punishment that they cannot mur der American soldiers with impunity. Our Army in the Philippines has been shamefully traduced by misrepresenta tion and exaggeration. This Army of 60,000 men in three years of warfare against a mest barbarous, treacherous foe, has behaved with remarkable self restraint, and en the whole with a hu manity never surpassed in any con flict If we are to keep our promise to enforce peace and order in Mindanao, we cannot afford to show the white feather to a nest of Malay pirates. EXPANSION AS A BUSINESS. It is well set out In the philosophy of Antl-Everythlng that In consideration of expansion It Is proper to urge the financial cost of the undertaking, but nisjniy improper to advert upon any profits that may arise out of It This one-sided arrangement evidently ap peals wijh very little force to Senator Beveridge, whose speech In opening the Indiana campaign, appears In our news columns this morning. He has been travestied by the antls as resting the whole case for Pacific expansion upon Its monetary aspects, but that Is a mis representation, as his speech of yester day attests. He fully apprehends the moral and patriotic considerations In issue, but he Is not blind to the eco nomic uses of new territory. The economic necessity of expansion has been developed by scientific stu dents of racial and Industrial problems. In the books of Charles A. Conant and Josiah Strong and Benjamin KIdd are set In convincing detail the phenom enon of congested capital In London and New--Tork and the necessary employ ment of it in distant fields now waste and Idle. The hoarded millions of civ ilization, earning perhaps 2 per cent in home Investments, must be put to work in the development of Asia, Africa, South America and the Islands of the sea. Deserts must be watered, swamps drained, streams bridged, mines opened, railroads- built. harbors deenened. All these vast unproductive ex panses must be covered with busy peo pie, supplying the tropical products needed In the temperate zone and buy ing manufactures In return. These are the dry bones of the expansion frame which Senator Beveridge clothes in the garments of his graceful and Inspiring speech. We are wont to think that the pros perity of five years past has been due almost wholly to the gold standard. But oeuaior jaevenages speech suggests that perhaps we have been too little observant of the effects of expansion. We are a world power since Dewey came to his opportunity, and especially a Pacific power. They have heard of us in Asia, they know us and they re spect us. They have heard of our arms and our diplomacy In the courts of the Old World, and they have" a wholesome fear of our wrath and our labor-saving machinery. Perhaps the greatness of our trade and manufacturing Is not to be sufficiently explained without refer ence to the Impulse given us by the Spanish War and the opening of the Pacific upon our view. The awakening is not unlike that which followed the voyages of Columbus 400 years ago. Perhaps the kindred effects have a kin dred cause. At any rate, as Mr. Beveridge says, it' Is but fair to Judge the venture by the. record. Despite all the war has cost, our public debt Is smaller, our Interest Is less by $7,000,000 a year. All sorts of business are thriving, and in the general movement Pacific activity has no Inconsiderable direct and indirect share. If times had been hard, we should have been pointed to the disas ters Incident to the Philippine policy. It is equally pertinent to cite our pros perity as an exhibit In favor of expan sion. It Is fitting that Indiana's attention should be thus pointedly directed at the Philippine question, for It Is the dominant issue of this campaign. In passing judgment upon the course pur sued there, the voter will judge by its fruits; and he cannot Ignore, even if he would, the activity and thrift with which this era of expansion has been so strongly marked. Upon the material benefits conferred as well as upon the principle of loyalty Involved, the Re publican policy la entitled to approval. NO VIOLATION OP NEUTRALITY. : The President has decided on reading the report of Colonel Crowder, IT. S. A., that there has been no 'violation of our neutrality laws at New Orleans. For many months past mules and horses have been shipped from that point to South Africa, and the purchase and forwarding of the animals has been su pervised by officers or agents of the British Army. General Samuel Pearson, an ex-officer of the Boer Army, and now a Boer representative In this country,. demanded the suppression of this traffic, threatening to "commit a breach of the peace In New Orleans unless the buy ing was stopped by state or Federal authority." Thereupon Governor Heard of Louisiana, made this stupid, Ignorant threat of General Pearson a text for the proclamation of his own views re garding the Boer War, and appealed to the Government at Washington to know If he had any jurisdiction In the matter or whether the case was solely one for the Federal authorities. President Roosevelt requested Attorney-General Knox for an opinion In .the matter of this alleged violation of our neutrality laws. Attorney-General Knox advised that the complaint against the British caraD near New Orleans be investi gated, and k Colonel E. H. Crowder, U. S. A., was directed to make an in vestigation. On this report of Colonel Crowder the President ha9 decided that there has been nonviolation of our neu trality laws. Itr -was- found1 that Gen eral Pearson had not made a correct statement of the facts, save as to the shipment of horses and mules. There was no British post with men and soldiers established at Port Chal mette; there was no recruitment of men for the British service. The Investiga tion ordered by the President was proper and necessary, because General Pearson specifically alleged a plain vio lation of the United States statutes re specting neutrality when he Informed the President that British officers at or near New Orleans were making en listments for the army In South Africa. This charge is found to be without foundation. An American citizen can lawfully enlist In a foreign army when he Is once without the territory and jurisdiction of tfie United States, but under our law a man enlisting on American soil for service In a foreign army In time of war Is guilty of a high mis demeanor, which subjects him to fine and Imprisonment, and foreign officers or agents making such enlistments on our eoiL are also subject to punlshmant under this statute. The report that the British Minister, Sir John Crampton, was privy to an attempt to enlist men on our soil for service In the Crimean War of 1854-56 caused our Government to request his recall. He was at ohce recalled by the British Government, but was not disgraced, for he was on the return of peace sent to Russia as the English representative at St. Peters burg. The shipment 'of animals to South Africa, whether for use by the British Army or not. Is not a violation of our neutrality laws The exportation of mules and horses on unarmed vessels Is not a military expedition In the sense of the statutea Attorney-General Knox said, In his opinion, that "earning on commerce with the belligerent in the manner usual before the war Is not giving such aid. The mere Increased demand for warlike articles and their Increased quantity In commerc6 do not make that commerce cease to be the same as before the war." Count Sclo pls, one of the arbitrators under the treaty of Washington, ruled that "It Is not a violation of the law3 of nations to furnish arms to the belligerents." During our Civil War all the commer cial countries of Europe sold arms to both belligerents, and the Boers have bought arms on all sides; they could buy horses and mules today and ship them from New Orleans If they cared to do so, but do not buy what tfiey can not hope to deliver. If they had the same railway line open from Delagoa Bay to the Transvaal that they had at the outbreak of the war, they would be buying arms and horses If they needed them In America, but the for tune of war has placed the railway from Komatlpoort In English hands, so the Boers do not buy what they cannot hope to deliver. The whole matter was taken up by Governor Heard originally because he wanted a pretext for swelling the pres ent party cry of the Democracy con cerning our policy toward the Boers of South Africa. He has failed miserably, because the only charge worth consid ering for a moment was that there have been enlistments In Louisiana for serv ice In the British Army In South Africa. This charge was socn found to be utterly uithcmt foundation. The pur chase and shipment of mules or horses are legitimate under our neutrality laws, so the President promptly an nounces thta the ex-Boer General Pear son has no case that calls for inter ference. Colonel Henry L. Turner, of Chicago, is reporiea in the Chicago Record-Herald as saying that nothing In the an nals of our Indian warfare under Sher idan, Crook or Custer equals In atrocity the conduct of Major Waller In the Island of Samar. Did Colonel Turner ever hear of the massacre of a whole village of Blackfeet Indians, men, women and children, by a party of United States Cavalry under'Major E. M. Baker? The attack was made on a Winter night upon a camp of Indians practically defenseless through the presence of smallpox, which had pros traated the majority of the Indians. Major Baker acted Under orders from General Sheridan, who held that "the only good Indian was a dead Indian." Did Colonel Turner ever hear of Gen eral Custer's attack on the sleeping camp df Black Kettle, In which massa cre the women and children were not spared? General Custer acted under orders, from General Sheridan. In the Indian wars Governor Stevens, of Washington, a graduate of- West Point, was so stern and swift in his punish ment of guilty Indian prisoners that.old General Wool pretended to believe that he was too severe, but experience proved that .Governor Stevens' policy was the highest wisdom. The prompt hanging of captured Indian murderers In Washington and Oregon was ap proved by the settlers, and military len ity was always followed by bad results. Major Waller had these savages shot because he knew them to be essentially land pirates, brigands, robbers. He had no time for formal military court An object-lesson was necessary, and he" shot these savages, who belonged to the same people that had recently, through treachery, murdered an unarmed de tachment of the Ninth Infantry. The operatives j)t the Oregon City Woolen Mills, who went out yesterday on a demand for an Increase in wages, precipitated. It appears, by a change In the working rules hat gives one weaver charge or two looms Instead of one, without Increase In pay, seem to have just cause for grievance. These woolen mills have been run on close business principles and with a keen oversight of methods which alone. It Is asserted, have kept them going, with relatively slight intermission, as a distributing industry in a thrifty wage-earning com munity, for more than a third of a cen tury. Their operatives have been dur ing all this period largely' of the Home building, home-sustaining class Indus trious, frugal and tractable. With such an Industrial element it should be easy to deal, on the basls'of equity and good will. So far as noted, the present de mand of the weavers for art increase of. pay Is the first demand of the kind that has been made since "hard times" prices gave place to the higher pchedule of living expenses. If this Is true, the de mand can hardly be considered an un reasonable one, especially as' the mill Is crowded with orders, Indicating that the company Is sharing the general prosperity In business now prevailing, the proceeds of which It Is merely asked to share equitably with labor. Public sympathy in Oregon City being with the employes, and 'the. managers -being tii imureu anq just uusinuse mew, there Is the best of reasons to expect that all differences between the operat Ivesand managers of this well-respected pioneer manufacturing industry will be speedily and- amicably adjusted." - ' Carnegie's view that "hard work made Shakespeare the- greatest dra matic genius" Js absurd. The finest poetic imagination of modern literature, which is the foundation of the supreme and universal excellence of Shakespeare was not obtained "by "hard work"; It was a beautiful gift from God.. It would be quite as reasonable to say that "hard work" made Homer the greatest poet of antiquity. The truth Is that Shakespeare probably gave more "hard work" to his duties as an actor and a theatrical man ager than he ever did to his plays. He wrote with extraordinary rapidity and often at a kind of fever heat, as dd Byron and Shelley and Keats. Shakes peare was sometimes called upon by his manager or his company en brief notice to excise passages, rewrite passages and supply entirely new matter. Such fa cility of, mind Is the gift of great nat ural powers, and cannot be created by "hard work." . Coos County Is a region wonderful In resources. Of that no one who Is reasonably well Informed has the slight est doubt. It Is less isolated than Tilla mook County only because of Its greater shipping facilities and Its nearness to the fSan Francisco market Its isola tion fromr the state of which it is a part Is. at certain seasons of the year, complete, as far as ordinary means of communication go toward Its relief. Yet It Is a state In Itself as far as nat ural resources, the development of which lead to prosperity, may be held to constitute an independent or sover eign community. The Coast counties of Oregon well deserve the attention of Investors and builders -of railroads. It is marvelous, indeed, that the real sources of wealth In these sections have been sa long practically unknown and undeveloped. The number of immigrants arriving at the port of New York In the fourth quarter of 1901 was 93,623, as compared with 74,432 for the corresponding period of the previous year. Of this immigra tion, 20 per , cent was from Southern Italy. The Hebrews followed with' 11 per cent, the Germans with 10 per cent, and the Poles with 9 per cent. The proportional Increase of the latter since 1900 has been larger than that of any .other nationality. The significance of these facts and figures Is only serious when the Immigration laws are not vig ilantly enforced. An Inspection that de tects and turns back from our shores the pauper, criminal and defective classes will sufficiently guard American citizenship from undesirable foreign material. The fruit prospects In the state- were never better than at the present time. Unless cold! rains prevail during the blossoming period, preventing polleniza tlon, or later cause the young fruit to drop, the yield of all orchard, fruits will be enormous throughout the fruitgrow ing districts of the state. Italy Is Grovrlnfir Fast. Chicago Chronicle. Italy Is almost the only Latin country In Europe which shows a steady growth of population. France has for years been on the decline, but latest statistics show It Is nearly stationary, the death and birth rates being nearly equal. The returns of the recent census in Italy are now pub lished and they show a gratifying though not extraordinary growth of population In the peninsula, despite the large emigra tion and the hard times which have pre vailed there In late years. In round umbers the population of Itajy Is now !,500,000. That Is an Increase of more than 4,000,000 In the last 20 years. That Is not a larce Increase, but It Is, on the whole, satisfactory. It Is not, of course, the whole increase of the, Italian race. In these 20 years more than 2,000,000 Ital ians have emigrated to other lands. The actual growth of the race has, therefore, been more than 6,000,000 In 20 years, or more than 1 per cent a year. This does not, however, confirm the common idea that the Italians are an ex ceptionally prolific race. The growth of other nations has been proportionately more rapid. That of France has not been. That of Russia has been effected by con quest and wholesale annexation. That .of the United States has been due to enorm ous Immigration, as well as to a high;) birth rate. But while Italy in the 19th century Increased from 16,000,000 to 32,500,. 000, or only a little more than doubled, Great Britain, grow from 36,000,000 to 41, 000.000 and Germany from 24,000.000 to 56, 000,000, and each of these countries suf fered as great a loss from wars as Italy and a considerably greater loss through emigration. The Answer to Cushmaa. Minneapolis Tribune. Before the new rules were adopted it was Impossible to get legislation through the House that was opposed by even an insignificant minority. More than that it was difficult to enact legislation to whloh there was no great objection, because the multitude of it offered clogged the channels of action. The House had grown powerless to do what it distinctly wanted to do. The Legislative machine had grown too big and unwieldy to do its work. The first House over which Reed presided adopted the new rules, which resemble the organization of society for purposes of government, in that members surrender large power of Individual Initiative in order to arm the whole body wjth power to do business In the general interest The new rules have accomplished the purpose for which they are designed. They have enabled the House to legis late. Previous experience proved that this could not be done without paying the price of surrender of individual privi leges. Most members are entirely content to make this surrender except when Irri tated by some special case of denial. It is not probable that even Mr. Cushman would consent to return to the old rules. It Is certain that a majority of the House would not consent, and It is still more certain that the people of the country do not desire, it. The House can't do everything It desires now, but It can do something. Under the old system it could do praotlcally nothing. 1 m Lumber Wealth of Washington. Chicago Tribune. Professor Henry Gannett, chief of the Division of Forestry In the Agricultural Department, makes the statement that the forests of Western Washington are the heaviest and most continuous of any In the United States excepting the1 redwood forests of California. iThe timber Is mainly red or yellow fir, mixed with spruce, hemlock and cedar, the trees reaching from 12 to 15 feet In diameter and 250 feet In height, with clear trunks for 100 or more feet. The entire area of Washington is CC.8S0 square miles, and of this 23,165 square miles are covered with merchantable timber. The standing tim ber, by counties, is 114.78S.000.OCO feet, rep resenting an. approximate value of $650. 000,000. Sixty, per cent of the, standing timber Is Douglas fir, a strong, durable wood, superior fq all other varieties. The immense value of these forests Is shown by the great number of lumber mills at Tacoma and elsewhere, which are among the largest manufacturing plants in the world. - - -KEEP.IT IN SIGHT. CorvaKIs Gazette. Not to be lost sight of by Oregon Re publicans is the influence our state -election" will have not only on Congressional elections to follow in other states, but also on the next Presidential campaign. There Is little doubt that the question of retaining or ultimately abandoning con trol of the Philippines will then be the chief contention between the parties. The State Democratic platform, the"" attitude of leading Democrats In Congress, and the tone of the Democratic press, fore shadow that this ig to be the issue. It is true, Oregon Democrats have not the courage to declare for the policy of "scuttle and abandon" In clean-cut, con cise language, yet It is so plain this is their purpose, that It must be discussed before the people In our state campaign and receive their approval or disapproval at the pollg next June. - A Democratic victory then would be haralded to the world as evidence that the people of Ore gon are In favor of the Democratic pur pose of abandoning the Philippines to whatever fate may overtake them. Of course. In the almost certain event of Republican victory, the Democrats would claim their platform preecnted no such Issue. It Is worded, they hope, to be equal ly useful In cither event. We have no thought that the American people can be Induced to embrace a pollcy so unpatriotic and cowardly even though Indorsed by the people of this etate, and It is equally unthinkable that Oregonians are less patriotic and courageous than the mass of American people. Republi cans of Oregon are not to ba deceived as to Democratic purpose. It is abandonment of the Philippines. Without doubt there are scores of patriotic Democrats In th atate who will not follow their party leaders one step In a course which can only end In National humiliation and shame to ourselves and Irretrievable disaster to the Filipinos. Since the opposition are doing their ut most to confuse and mislead the people on this subject, it may clarify the situ ation if we remember that under Inter national law we have a clear. Indisputable right of sovereignty over and title to the Philippines. The war we waged was against Spain, not against the Filipinos. For whatever of conflict we have had with them they alone are responsible. Be fore the treaty of Paris was ratified they made war on our Army and our flag. We had a right It was our duty aa well, to suppress their insurrection. But other duties are laid upon us. It Is plain there Is ifnposed upon this nation, as a sacred trust, the duty of leading thesa people to a higher and better social and political life to a civilization of which at present they have no intelligent conception. No more oacred trust was laid upon the Is raelites of old. We dare not falter. Hav ing accepted the trust and entered upon our cfuty. and having already made sub stantial and gratifying progress, shall we now, or at any time, cower and draw back and Ignomlnously abandon our duty? This Is Just what the Democratic party contemplates doing. After all our expendi ture of blood and treasure; notwithstand ing the plainest evidences of our bene ficent influence upon and rule over these people, that party would renounce our sovereignty, haul down the American flag, declare these Islands foreign territory and abandon them to the cup.idlty and rapacity of whatever nation might seize them. The American people are of a race that never shirks duty, never abandons its efforts for the elevation of mankind. The record of our splendid Second Ore gon appeals to us. By the memory of its achievements and Its heroic dead, Oregon ians cannot accept the cowardly policy of Philippine abandonment. We are confi dent this will be the verdict recorded at the polls In June. Gloomy for Portland. Astoria News. It 'Will require at least Ave years after the passage of the Jetty appropriation to complete the Jetty extension. During that period, the Oriental commerce will have been secured In Seattle or Everett, so that the natural ad vantages of the Columbia water levels will not avail to restore It to its natural channels along the Columbia. The City of Seattle will havo become a metropolis of 500.000 people, with such a volume of incoming- trade that the ocean charters will be far cheaper tnun they can bo made on the Columbia River, with only a small Inward traffic from the marts of Europe. 'The above Is reprinted with glee by Seattle newspapers. It Is amazing that anything bearing the name, of a news paper printed at Astoria should utter such a statement though Its direct object is to injure Portland. But If the outlook Is "gloomy for Portland," what Is It for As toria? There are Astorians, we. do still trust and believe, who can see an Inch beyond their noses; but you wouldn't think so If vou depended for your Information on any one of the four or five little news papers printed there, or on all of them. But They've Not Warmed Up Yet. Joseph (Or.) Herald. In our write-up of candidates several weeks ago, we intentionally slighted the Republican candidate for Justice of the Peace for Joseph District for the very good reason that we could say nothing good of him (except that he Is the editor of this excellent family Journal) and enough bad Is already known of him. With our Democratic opponent it is differ ent We can say nothing bad about him (except that he Is a candidate for the same office that we are) and enough good is already known of him. In fact, he is about the best man on earth. To the Skylark. William Wordsworth. Ethereal minstrel! pilgrim of the sky! Dost thou despise the earth where cares abound? Or -while tho wingB aspire, are heart and eye Both with thy nest upon the dewy ground? Thy nest which thou canst drop into at will. Those quivering wings composed, that music still! To the last point of vision, and beyond Mount, daring warbler! that love-prompted b train 'Twlxt thee and thine a never-falling bond Thrills not the less the bosom of the plain: Yet mlghfst thou seem, proud privilege! to sing All independent of the leafy Spring. Leave to the nightingale her shady wood; A privacy of glorious light Is thine, Wh.nrn thnii dnqt nniir tinnn tho wn.T1 . rt., Of harmony, with Instinct more divine: Type of the wise, who soar, but never roam True to the kindred points of Heaven and Home. Post Mortem. William Shakespeare. If Thou survive my well-contented day When that churl Death my bones with dust shall cover. And shalt by fortune once more re-survey Theso poor rude lines of thy deceased lover; Compare them with the bettering of the time. And though thiy be outstrlpp'd by every neii Reserve them for my love, not for their rhyme Exceeded by the height of happier men. Oh then vouchsafe me but this loving thought "Had my friend's Muse grown with this grow- lng( age, A dearer birth than this his love had brought. To march in ranks of better equipage: "But since he died, and poets better prove, Theirs for their style I'll read, his for 'his lOVOr" T - NOTE AND COMMENT. If Santos-Dumont finds a good soft place to light he ought to notify General Miles. There still are several good openings in Portland for countrymen who are anx ious to be robbed. A Wisconsin woman values her kisses at $5000 each. At last accounts she had not closed out her stock. I All the veterans who have written poet ry will now step forward and demand ln-J creases In their pensions. J. P. Morgan seems to have risen from the rank of captain of industry to that of lieutenant-general -of industry. The Democratic candidate for the may oralty is still sawing wood and saying nothing about his resignation. Marconi will have to suspend overland operations until Santos-Bumont stops chasing around through the air and short circuiting his wireless currents. Senator Simon is probably taking more interest in what is going on In the Second and Third Wards in Portland than he is in. what is going on In Washington. General Funston has discovered that he was not made a Major-General because the War Department wanted to be enter tained by reading Interviews with him In the papers. Carolina probably Incurred the displeas ure of Senator Tillman by, making the President welcome, but there Is not a great deal of evidence to show that South Carolina cares. That Chicago professor who says the wedding ring is a relic of barbarism has attracted so little attention that he la about due for some observation to the ef fect that bridal trousseaus are out-of-date. The Orthodox Church of Russia has la its elementary schools 1,500,000 children, about 40 pupils in each school, and the av erage sum for a school is about $105 a year. Of the teachers, 94 per cent are uneducated, and they are paid next to nothing. The schoolhouses are huts, and there are no books, pens or ink furnished. Dr. Solomon S. Schechter, lately elected president of the faculty of the Jewish Theological Seminary, has arrived In New York with hi3 wife and family. He re signed from the faculty of Cambridge Uni versity to take this place, which is se cured by a fund of $200,000 provided by Jacob H. Schiff, the late Leonard Lewl sohn and the Messrs. Guggenheim. When William K. Chandler was Secre tary of the Navy he issued an order that officers should not permit their wives to reside at the foreign stations to which their husbands were attached. The order was promptly rescinded upon the receipt by the Secretary of the following from Commodore Fyfle, in command of the Asi atic squadron: "It becomes my painful duty to report that my wife, Eliza Fyffe, has, in disobedience to my orders, and in the face of regulations of the- department, taken up her residence on the station and persistently refuses to leave." King Victor Emmanuel of Italy had a curious adventure the other day in an automobile tour in the Roman province. At Conflgut his car was stopped, and a summons for furious driving was served upon his chauffeur, Giuseppe Farulli. At the famous falls, near Terni, the King after admiring the scene, distributed a quantity of newly minted silver pieces among the peasants. The people, who had never seen the new coinage, angrily gathered around the King, shouting that the money was counterfeit "Well," said the King, "If the coins are false, so is your King. Do you not recognize your King?" Thereupon an ex-soldier, who had served in Rome, stepped to the front, and after a good look at the young sovereign took off his ragged cap and called for three cheers for Victor Emmanuel, which wero given with much enthusiasm. Some pa pers In telling the story express displeas ure at the King's Imprudence In thus mix ing with the people. As a matter of fact the- poflce charged with safeguarding hl3 royal person are sometimes driven to the verge of despair by the King's reckless ness. He Is continually giving his special police the slip, for, next to books and his wife and child, his greatest delight is to mix unrecognized in the crowd of his sub jects. This story is told to illustrate the pope's dislike of spending money on himself: The other day PIo Centra, his old and tried personal attendant, opened the dis cussion, while dressing him in the morn ing, by remarking that his gown was not as new as It might be. "I suppose I have your hollness's permission to order your gowns for the jubilee?" he added. "What gowns for the jubilee?" replied Leo XIII, sharply; "I have three sets already, and certainly Require no more. Why should I spend .good money for what I do not want?" "But. Holy Father," protested Centra, who knows his master's weak ness, "supposing some one of the great personages who are received by your holiness should notice a defect such aa this" pointing to an Invisible spot on one sleeve "he might think you had put on your old clothes, not considering him worthy the best" After a pause Leo XIII said, with a sigh: '"Well, perhaps you are right Order them but only one, mind you: and my poor people will have to go without so much bread. How dread ful it Is to be obliged to spend so much on one's clothes." PLEASANTRIES OF FARAGRAPHERS Sympathy. Dudely I'm really hardly myself since my valet left me. Miss Cutting Yes, I should think you'd feel lost without a man in the house. Chicago Dally News. A Back Number. Helen Is that the latest book you are reading, dear? Mis" Reeder Oh, dear, no! "Why. this book has been out since noon yesterday. Ohio State Journal. First Actor Boothby had a tremendous audi ence last night, and they were very enthu siastic. Second Actor Yes. at the box office, trying to get their money back. Detroit Free Press. "Why will you women persist in shop ping until you are completely exhausted?" "It isn't the shopping that tlre3 one. dear; it Is taking the things back and changing them." Harper's Bazar. High Praise. "Marie has a wonderful knack for grayles and dressings." "Han't she? I really believe that mayonnaise of hrs would make a doormat palatable." Cleveland Plain Dealer. Saw the Mourning. "Mamma, here's a letter from the dead-letter oHlce." said intelligent little Clarence. "How do you know, dear?" "It has a black border all around the en velope." Judge. Next. "Yes," said the funny barber, "we're up to date here. We shave you while you wait." "Indeed!" replied Pepprey, "I've usu ally found that you shave several other fellows while I watt." Philadelphia Press. He The last time I played football, I remem ber my face got so knocked about wasn't like a face at all in fact I thought It never would get better; She And did It? I mean er of course. I see It didn't erer I mean" Punch.