Morning Oregonian., March 13, 1902, Page 6, Image 6

THE MORNING ORfiGONIA THURSDAY, MARCH 13, 1902.
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TODAY'S WEATHER Occasional rain, with
brisk-gusty winds, mostly southerly.
YESTERDAY'S WEATHER Maximum tem
rerature, CO; minimum temperature, 42; pre
cipitation, 0.17 Inch.
PORTLAND, THURSDAY, MARCH 13.
ENTITLED TO THE BEST SERVICE.
Probably it will not be denied that
Oregon is entitled to the best service
she can get, in the United States Sen
ate. Has she that service now?
The Oregonlan is xvnwllling to go over
the ground it haa heretofore traversed.
But, elnce Oregon Is now to elect a
Senator of the United States, it certain
ly is in order to ask whether more effi
ciency could not be secured there than
Oregon finds In the etandlng and work
of the Senator whose time is soon to ex
pire. This Is the real question. Oregon
wants so much at "Washington that the
efficiency of her representation there be
comes a matter of first and highest im
portance. Again, the voice of Oregon should be
spoken in the Senate on large questions
of National and international policy; on
our new and larger relations with the
outer world, resulting from the Spanish
"War; on our policy towards our new
possessions in the two hemispheres.
Tet we have many persons here in
Portland, -where this is especially the
leadrng-v Question, setting this- leading
question aside, turning it down, show
ing willingness' to subordinate it .to
ouch"' petty consideration as a minor
local office, or even to the position of
a deputy in it.
Undoubtedly if there is- any man who
Thinks that Mr. Simon is an able and
efficient man in the United States Sen
ate has served the state aa well as
anybody could; that the Senate Is a
proper place for him, that he is a proper
man for the place, and that Oregon
couldn't do better with that man we
can have no controversy. Let him en
joy his opinion. But he will be fortu
nate in one thing. He will not be
troubled by the press of the crowd abou
him.
No man whom the people want for the
United States Senate will ever find it
necessary to "work up" the local admin
istration of a city and county in his
behalf; will think himself compelled to
resort to the use of a police force, a fire
department and the local service of all
grades, as a means of carrying a pri
mary. He will not require the services
of the Road Supervisors, the street
cleaning department and the poorhouse.
Think of a Senator like Hoar, or one
like Allison, "working" these forces to
secure a re-election!
It ia the decent thing in any man,
even -if he wants a position of honor
and importance, to allow the people to
call him to it, or at least to present
his desires with modesty and modera
tionnot to devote his days and nights
,to working a machine to carry him.
When a man does this, or feels that he
naa to do this, or fail; it is proof posi
tive that the people do not want him;
also proof positive that he ought to fall.
AUSTRALIAN EXCLUSION ACT.
Among the first legislation enacted by
the first Parliament of the Australian
commonwealth was a statute whose
purpose Is the exclusion of the Chinese.
For the last twenty-five years there has
been a steady stream of Immigration
frori China to the settled districts of
Australia, which Various legislative ex
pedients have served only very par
tially to check. The Influx of Japanese
has been more recept. There are al
ready a good many Chinese In every one
of the states of the Australian common
wealth, forming a percentage of the
population at least five times as great
as it docs In America. The whites of
Australia are hostile to the presence of
the Chinese. They concede that the
Mongolians are hardworking, frugal,
and on the whole fairly Inoffensive and
law-abiding people, but they are essen
tially a people apart, Incapable of
really adopting or adapting themselves
to the standards of the white Tace. The
same objections are felt to apply fo the
Japanese, who are present in much
smaller numbers.
In'America the re-enactment of a Chi
nese exclusion act Is a simple thing, but
the Incorporation of Australia in the
British Empire made it difficult for its
Parliament directly to legislate for the
exclusion of Mongolian immigrants.
The exclusion of the Chinese had been
tried by the separate colonies of Aus
tralia by the" imposition of special poll
.tax.es and the requirement of capital in
the hands of immigrants, but all had
been cleverly evaded by the Chinese.
The exclusion bill enacted by the Aus
' trallan Parliament contains no mention
of either China cr Japan. It is an act
which applies, or in the discretion of
the executive can,, be made to apply, to
immigrants from Germany, France,
Italy or Americaas well as from China
end Japan. The only safeguard pro-
vided is a simple educational test which
requires that every Immigrant shall be
compelled to make written application
for admission In "one of certain Euro
pean languages, or in English, before
the proper official.
All objections to this measure weredlfficult to get up and send a credit-
met by the statement that In the inter
ests of the trade of the empire it was-
consldered most unwise to antagonize
either China or Japan at present If
the Australian Government had refused
to consider this fact, the assent of the
crown would probably have been with
held from the exclusion statute. Rather
than embarrass the Imperial Govern
ment the majority in the Australian
Parliament accepted the measure as
proposed. The government professes to
be confident that thiB statute will an
swer every practical purpose of exclu
sion; that the demand of a written ap
plication In one or other of five Euro
pean languages will prove an effectual
barrier to the Mongolian Immigrant.
A COMPLETE ANSWER.
Mr. Tongue's letter to the Baker City
Chamber of Commerce, printed on an
other page, is a complete answer to
those at Baker City and elsewhere who
have questioned the justice of massing,
practically, the allowance for Columbia
River improvement fox. work at the
river's mouth. Mr. Tongue puts the
matter plainlv The willingness of Con
gress to take up projects for Improve
ment of the upper river is based upon
the relationship of the upper waters to
the lower channels which lead to the
sea. The unvarying policy of Congress
in thess matters is to work from the
mouths of rivers up stream; and Mr.
Tongue adds impressively that to con
vince Congress of the uselessness of
work at the mouth of the Columbia
River "would end forever and ever any
Improvement of the upper portion of
the river."
Mr. Tongue's plea for unity on the
part of the Northwest in the matter of
river and harbor demands Is well timed.
It will increase our standing and influ
ence with the committee which has
these matters In hand, and by it we
shall In the long run get vastly more
than by appeals from divided counsels
In conflict with 'each other. Further
more, we will do better from the stand
point of our own interest to work In
harmony with the Congressional idea
to improve the mouth of the river first
and work up stream than to so divide
the bounty of the Government, even if
that were possible, as to accomplish no
particular wcrk. Mr. Tongue argues
clearly that improvement of the Colum
bia River bar is a benefit to every part
of the Northwest, which finds its way
to general markets through the Colum
bia River gateway. Better conditions
at the bar, reflected in cheaper and
more expeditious navigation,, have a
definite relation to the price of every
commodity which we sell to the world;
and Mr. -Tongue points out that the in
terests of the farmers of Eastern Oregon
in this connection is precisely the same
as that of the Western Oregon farmers,
who always support In every possible
way the project for Improvement at the
bar.
In one form or another all this has
been said before, but it comes with es
pecial meaning and force from one who,
as a member of the Congressional com
mittee in charge of river and harbor
aftalrs, has all the elements of the sit
uation before him. Mr. Tongue is espe
cially qualified, for Impartial judgment
in this matter, for be has studied It
from every point of view, and with ad
vantages growing out of his connections
at Washington not available to any
other Oregonlan.
TRUSTS NOT BENEVOLENT INSTITU
TIONS.
President Harrlman is quoted as ex
pressing the belief that if President Hill
or any other man owned all the rail
roads of the United States much better
rates would result. "We often have
conditions where we could Induce the
shipment of certain commodities when
we have got a prevailing movement of
empty cars cne way or the other," said
Mr. Harrlman. "and with a freer hand
I believe the railroads could increase
the movement of commodities from one
part of the country to the other or to
Japan or to any other foreign country,
If they had less restriction."
Mr. Harrlman is entirely right when
he says that with a freer hand the rail
roads could Increase the movement of
commodities from one part of the coun
try to another and from one country to
another. Andlf all the transportation
lines were owned by one man or one
corporation, the carrying service of the
world might be much better and
cheaper than it is. Nobody has yet de
nied that consolidation of transporta
tion lings or other Industrial properties
would not render possible better Service
or lighter charges. That is not the
point of the complaint against the
trusts. It Is not doubted that in this
time of prosperity transportation
charges might, without threatening the
solvency of the various companies, be
reduced materially and the various
properties, maintain their independence.
They are not forced Into mergers and
community deals In order to confer
greater benefit on the public. They
could do more for the public, but they
don't. Consolidation enables them to
do more, to save expenses and reduce
the cost of service. But does anybody
"suppose they will do 'this merely be
cause they can?
The great objection is not that combi
nation, disqualifies these great forces for
better serving mankind. The power to
do better by combining cannot be doubt
ed. But the hard fact remains that
such power is not exercised solely for
the public good. So long as human na
ture Is what It -Is, so long as men strive
for private gain, they will use the power,
which gigantic combinations of capital
give them, for the advancement of per
sonal and private ends at the expense
of the public The element of human
selfishness cannot be eliminated from
this problem. That is why it is inex
pedient and unsafe for the people to
permit such power to be exercised by
agencies whose chief aim Is private
gain. Mr. Harrlman and Mr. Hill are
fond of declaring what benefits can be
conferred on the public by coalition of
transportation Interests and elimination
of competition. But these men are not
actuated wholly by benevolent impulses.
They are shrewd men of business, and
their aim is to get money from the pub
lic and turn It into private channels.
They will grant the public such benefits
as will best serve the private interests
they represent. It is not what they can
do, but what they will do. that con-
cerns the public, and the ptfwer theyTployment at any price on certain kinds
ask is too much to be safely granted.
The appeal of Colonel Dosch for sam
ples of fine fruit, to enter for competi
tion for prizes at Charleston, comes at
an unseasonable time, as March is de -
cldedly an off month for fresh fruit in f
Oregon. However, there is still an abun
dance of fine apples In the state, and
since Mr. Dosch considerately Includes
turnips and carrots in his fruit order
for exhibition purposes. It should not be
able display. If only the mammoth
squash were a keeper, we could aston
ish tho world with a fruit display at
Charleston, but, alas! that famous prod
uct of the vine does not survive until
March, even In this glorltfus climate.
But send on the turnips and carrots,
brother horticulturists, and set the
world of sightseers agape with aston
ishment. . A REMARKABLE MAN.
Ex-Governor oJhn P. Altgeld, of
Illinois, who died in his 55th year
yesterday, was a man of superior
intellectual power, an able lawyer,
a unique political force. His only
nominal education was what he re
ceived at the public, schools of Ohio
and what he obtained by the study
of law books and the practice gf his pro
fession. He. rose to distinction as a
lawyer; was a Judge in Chicago from
1886 to 1891; was defeated for Congress
In 1886; was Governor of Illinois from
1S93 to 1897; was beaten for Mayor In
1S9D. He incurred gi eat odium as Gov
ernor for his failure promptly to call
out the militia for the suppression of
the terrible railway riot of 1S94, which
; was only quelled finally by the In
terference of Federal troops by order
of President Cleveland. This odlumj
was further increased by his pardon of I
the anarchists Flelden, Schwab and
Neebe, and his wholesale clemency to
criminals during his term of office.
The political Influence of Governor
Altgeld at the time of the Democratic
National Convention was very great.
It is not too much to say that Bryan
owed hla nomination In 1896 to Altgeld,
who could have turned-the scale for
Richard P. Bland If he had not pre
ferred Bryan. Altgeld was an apostle
of free silver, but only because he was
a Populist; Populism included free sil
ver, and a good deal else beside, and
Altgeld shrewdly judged that Bryan's
talent as a platform speaker, would
malte more converts than could poor,
dull. dry. old Richard Bland.
Of all the speakers of the Democratic
campaign of 1896, Altgeld was easily the
ablest man; he was a man of ideas, a
man of logical habit of mind, and he
spoke always clear,admirable English,
the English he had learned from the
study of the opinions of great English
and American jurists. He was the only
speaker on the Democra'Ic side that the
Republican press or party orators
treated with any respect, for he was
clearly a man of native Intellectual
force and sincerity. Altgeld was of
German birth, but came to this country
when he was but three months old; he
Is reported as having been a Union sol
dier during the Civil War, but as he
was born In 1847 he could not have en
tered the service legally before 1S65, so
If he served at all his term of service
must have been short.
It is difficult to make a Just estimate
of Altgeld. He was an Intellectual man,
a studious man, a well-trained lawyer,
but he was a dangerous man because
there was a bee of radical socialism
closely approaching anarchism always
buzzing in his bonnet. It is hard to
believe that so studious a man, so in
telligent and well-read, so clear-minded
a man, was 'ever sincerely an apostle
of free silver. He was a natural-born
Populist; his studies had made him a
radical socialist, if not an anarchist,
and as a shrewd, practical politician
he was willing to bait his Demo-Popu-Hst
trap with free-silver bait. Altgeld
was not a demagogue; he was not a
"1 greedy man nor a corrupt man. There
is reason to believe that his clemency
to criminals had its root in a sincere
spirit of extravagant philanthropy. He
was a man of honest and upright pri
vate and public life, and he was re
spected for his ability by his profession.
Altgeld's speeches, of course, date
from false premises In finance, but his
diction Is always that of a forceful man.
He could always get an audience in
New York or Brooklyn when Bryan
could not. The reason was that Bryan
was always believed to be talking "bun
combe," while Altgeld was always in
teresting because he was believed to be
an able man sincerely gone wrong. In
telligent Americans listened to Altgeld
just as they might lead one of Tolstoi's
"madcat" novels, not because they hud
any sympathy with its ideas, but be
cause of the Intellectual vigor of the
man. He had a fine choice of clear
English worfis; he had a fine, intellect
ual method in his discourse, and he
doubtless had an honest hate for robber
trusts and swindling corporations, an
honest dread of the drift of our Repub
lic to a, wretched, sordid plutocracy.
But while Altgeld had many kinds
of personal merit, he was a very dan
gerous man in his public relations. His
personal and Intellectual force was In
deed .large, but, practically, this fact
added to his power for mischief. As
Governor of Illinois he was something
worse than a failure, for his radical so
cialism made him so sympathetic with
the rioters in 1894 that he failed to do
his duty as the official head of the state.
He was an official calamity in the hour
of riot, when he ought to have been
the still, strong arm of law and order
In a riotous land.
MINIMUM TEACHERS' WAGE.
A minimum wage scale for teachers
Is one of the newest legislative at
tempts in Ohio. The demand represent
ed by this effort is not an unreasonable
one, if the teacher's vocation Is, in con
junction therewith, protected, as it
should be, from the work of persons
who are not properly qualified to en
gage in it. The objection to the iron
clad wage scale as commonly demand
ed by labor unions for their members U
not based upon" the reluctance of em
ployers to pay good men'rtl they are
worth in the mechanical vocations, but
In the very exasperating fact that In
competent men receive equal rating
with good and experienced workmen.
Thus, for example, a multitude of
"wood-butchers" belong to the carpen
ters' unions, who are required by the
terms of their membership to demanc
"full wages" for a very bungling day's
work. The same is true of men in
other mechanical vocations, perhaps,
for obvious reasons, to a less extent.
Thus the carpenter who has served i
proper apprenticeship to his trade Is
worth $3 a day to the builder and the
owner of the house upon which he is
employed, while the "Jackleg" Is worth
a. third Ipks to thf former, nnrt Tii m-
of work Is a positive detriment to the
Interests of the latter, who sooner or
later must pay to have his bungling
work made good. The teacher's wage
scale, a bill to establish which is now
J pending before the Ohio Legislature,
is carefully graded on the basis of ex- T
perience, and the grades of certificates
held, running from $2 a day for teach
ers who hold certificates for one year,
without experience, to $3 25 a day for
those who have had five years' experi
ence and over and hold- five years' cer
tificates. This arrangement seems to
be equitable, and if the bill becomes a
law It will save school authorities much
annoyance through Importunity, while
it will encourage teachers to persist In
and strive to excel In their work.
VOTING ON PRIMARY DAY.
No primary election ever held in Port
land has attracted so much attention as
the cne to be held on Saturday next.
Tho reason Is that there Is now a pri
mary election law, under which It will
be possible, for the first time, to get an
approximate expression of the will of
the people as to the selection of candi
dates for office.
By far the greater number of our elec
tors are worklngmen, employed about
the factories, mills, shops and commer
cial houses of the city. There is no
body of men who take a more constant
and intelligent interest in public affairs.
But their time Is not their own. During
working hours It belongs to their em
ployers. It would be a gracious and proper
thing on the part of employers to give
their men time to go and vote on pri
mary day. Any part of the day will do;
but since It will be Saturday, the sug
gestion Is offered that time be given,
by general consent of employers, In the
afternoon.
The great moral force of the country
Is Its Industrial class. Its interest is
wholly on the side of good government.
It ought to have the fullest opportunity
to use Its power for moral and decent
ends, in our public affairs; for it is cer
tain' that the bulk of the votes of the
Irresponsible and least worthy will al
ways be found In the ballot-box.
Bear In mind that it is not a party
primary election, but a primary election
for all parties. It is the electionwhose
result will completely control the course
of events In the city and county, and
to a large degree In the state. Hence
tho necessity of getting out our best
vote. It may be hoped employers will
bear this In mind.
The plan to erect a monument, suit
ably inscribed, In the soldiers' plot In
RIvervIew cemetery has been very gen
erously Indorsed by the late comrades-in-arms
of the dead of the Second Ore
gon who sleep their last sleep In this
beautiful spot. What Is known as the
"soldiers' monument" will be erected on
a site-yet to be chosen in this city, the
rendezvous of the Second Oregon Volun
teers, and from whence they departed
for duty In the Phillppinea The pur
pose of this monument Is not to mark
the place of interment of those who
came not back, but to honor, before
passing, multitudes of the entire regi
ment, and to preserve in granite the
events of its history. Not the less fit
ting and important will be the monu
ment that will mark the resting-place
in RIvervIew cemetery of the early dead
of the regiment, fifteen of whom al
ready He fn silent comradeship
upon a sightly eminence near
the souttem entrance to the cemetery J ere has been too much coloring of tho
grounds. The sum of 2000. which It isT"Pi f!"? ?"! ?
hoped will be promptly raised for this
purpose, should, under careful direction,
furnish an enduring and suitable monu
ment to mark the place that, as time
goes on. will be a historic spot.
The Mayor of Oregon City, admitting
that gambling Is practiced in his town,
still declares that he cannot prevent it.
He says he must have proof sufficient
to convict before he -can stop gambling.
Six years ago Oregon City had a Mayor
who did not talk nor act that way.
Whtfn he was elected the town was af
flicted with various metropolitan slna
That Mayor didn't ask the assistance of
the preachers, nor did he embark on any
spectacular crusade against vice. He
conceived it his duty to enforce the
laws, and the vices that had flourished,
gambling among them, ceased at once.
The citizens were so well pleased with
the proceeding that they re-elected this
Mayor until he positively declined to
serve longer. Mayor Caufleld did it
with the same police force the town now
ha3. For the Mayor cf a town like Ore
gon City to say he cannot close gam
bling that he knows to exist is to speak
nonsense.
It is, doubtless, a very important mat
ter whether an Assessor a few years ago
committed an (alleged) error In the as
sessment of somebody's lot; and a very
important thing whether a man once on
the police force was somebody's second
cousin; and a very important thing
whether the wife of a Judge on the
bench is a niece of somebody's step
mother. A great deal of "political lit
erature" Is now being circulated, deal
ing with these and similarly Interesting
Inquiries and Important subjects. But
the bearing of It all on the question
of Mr. Joseph Simon's fitness for the
United States Senate, and whether he
is a man whom Oregon should re-elect,
Is really not apparent.
A "machine" man remonstrates. He
wants to know why The Oregonlan says
that a change of local administration Is
necessary, in the interest of economical
government. Taxpayers who have been
visiting the Courthouse during several
weeks can tell him. They can tell him
that they are paying In now Just about
one-thlrjl more taxes on the same prop
erty than they ever have paid hereto
fore. The taxpayer finds the boasted
reduction of the levy a delusion, when
In fact his total sum Is 30 to 40 per cent
more. Here is a demonstration that no
fine words can upset.
Among Republicans In Congress there
is very serious dissension over Cuba.
"Wa nr nlpdced to favor Cuba with
reciprocity, so far as a nation can befna"nalA Wury
committed to anything by a moral obli
gation; and yet the extreme protection
element in Congress thus far bars the
door. From the Independent (New
York) we reprint today a clear and
strong argument on our obligations To
Cuba, by General Leonard Wood, Mili
tary Governor of the Island. Than this
article we have seen no better exposi
tion of the conditions existing there.
There is no little Indignation through
out the city at the attempts made, to
deceive the people by spurious "inde
pendent" tickets. These so-called Inde
pendent tl-.kets, put forth by the Simon
machine, have placed a number of good
men, unsuspecting. In a false position.
The bogus tickets make them appear
merely as decoys a character wholly
foreign to them.
The Issue Is "Simon" and "Anti-Simon."
There is but one "antl" ticket
in each precinct. All others, save this
one, are up on false pretenses;
THE NEED OF RECIPROCITY WITH CUBA.
BT LEONARD WOOD, MILITARY GOVERNOR OP CUBA.
Independent.
The relations of the United States with
Cuba are not for today alone; they are
for the near future, and for the distant
future as well. They are the relations
between two people, near to each other
hitherto in location, but only recently
brought .close to each other In thought
and In Interests. The sentimental as well
as the material relations which these two
people bear to each other now, and will
bear In time to come, should be taken
earnestly into account, arid should be con
sidered with not only a wise, but with a
kindly solicitude, if wo would arrive at
conclusions, and If we would form de
cisions which shall have consequences
worthy of our traditions and be of genu
ine advantage to the people of the con
tinent on the one hand and of the Island
on the other. I lay stress upon the con
siderations of sentiment as well as upon
the material aspects of the question of
reciprocity with Cuba, because at this
Juncture there comes the fortunate possi
bility of removing much that has been
misapprehension, and the more that has
been Intentional misrepresentation.
In Cuba, the personal relations between
Cubans, as Cubans, and Americans, as
Americans, have never been better than
they are today. The references which
have been frequently- made to the exist
ence of 111 feeling have no foundation
whatever in fact. Reference may be made
merely in order to adhere to the strict
letter of the truth to the existence in
Cuba of a radical element, very weak nu
merically, whose members are approached
by eome politicians that made bids for
votes on the score of declarations of opin
ion that Is Intensely anti-American. The
declarations of theso politicians are not
considered 'in Cuba, and are not -worth
considering here; every one on the Island
understands thoroughly that they are de
signed for campaign purposes merely, and
no one on tho Island pays any attention
to them. In effect they amount to appeals,
for election purposes, formulated for tho
ears of the totally Illiterate class, and
they are summed up in the oft-repeated
phrase: "The Americans aro not going
to leave."
Throughout the island all social Inter
course and all personal acquaintance are
on a very excellent footing. The Cubans
as a people have a very natural desire to
form their own government and to see
their flag fly over Cuba's fortresses. So
far as the question of Independence Is
concerned, the national spirit of Cuba Is a
pronounced one, yet there are many who
believe that at some future time annexa
tion will not only be desirable, but will
be the most effective form of solution for
the several problems which the young
country finds of vital moment. It must
always be understood, however, that tho
Cuban national spirit feels that an Inde
pendent government, free to deal with the
Island's affairs according to the will of
the majority, is their right.
The tranquillity and good order that
have existed -during the term of Cuba's
occupation are remarkable when it is re
membered that the occupation brought
Into contact two peoples distinctly differ
entdifferent in religions, in traditions
and in ways of thinking. For the first
two years, perhaps, neither party to tho
occupation Cubans and Americans un
derstood the other thoroughly. But cour
tesy, kindness and tact invariably bring
from Cubans ready response to any reas
onable demands or requests.
Colored Reports.
Instrumentality of men whose knowledge
of the Cuban peoplo has been obtained
through the medium of disgruntled ad
venturers in Havana and other seacoast
cities. In Havana, especially, we find great
numbers of disappointed American, Cuban
and other people of the adventurer type
who are bitter toward both the Cuban
people and the military government. It Is
the way of human nature very often. In
stances cannot fail to happen where men
are checked In their greed for some con
cession which Is Irregular, or undeniably
fraudulent. Disappointed, chagrined, and,
perhaps. In some small degree hopeful
of retrieving lost enterprises, they make
it their special purpose In life to de
nounce as tyrannical and oppressive the
authorities of the island Cuban and
American. The same special reason for
existence seems also to actuate every man
who has been dismissed from Government
employ because of incompetency or dis
honesty. The views of men like these are
no criterion. The actual feeling of the
Cubans can be ascertained only by meet
ing them. In all parts of the Island, i
have yet to meet the government officer
or the reputable citizen who has any com
plaint to make on the ground of discour
teous or unfriendly treatment.
One aspect of the government, bearing
directly upon the attitude of the Cuban
people toward tho United States and upon
commercial and other relations. between
Cuba and this country in the future, Is
the complexion of the government Itself
Is It stands at present. Probably not
more than 1 or 2 per cent of the em
ployes of the island government a3 a
whole are Americans. The Government
of Cuba has been so established and devel
oped that It can be turned over to the
Cuban people with hardly a perceptible
change in its personnel. The feeling of the
Cubans toward tho United States Is evi
denced In no more unmistakable way than
In the constant and ever-present express
Ions of good will for American officers
and Americans representatives of the mil
itary government which are met with
throughout the island.
There are few people In the United
States who will .dls"pute the premise that
a stable government must be maintained
A Tax on KnoTrledce.
New York World.
There Is not In the entire tariff" sched
ules a more needless and hurtful tax
than that on print paper and wood-pulp
used in its manufacture.
The tax Is not needed for revenue, for
the House passed a bill to cut off '$77,
000,000 of surplus.
It is not needed for "protection," for
our papermakers last year exported
57.324,073 worth of paper and our pulp
mills sold abroad 45,9S8,606 pounds of
the raw material.
In so far as the tariff Increases the
cost of newspapers and cheap books
it is a tax on knowledge the most inex
cu'able and harmful of all taxes In a
Republic.
In so far as It prevents the importation
of wood-pulp from Canada and North
ern Europe it puts a premium on the
destruction of our forests or spruce
and other pulp woods, which Is a serious
The American Newspaper Associa
tion at Its recent meeting in this city
adopted a resolntion asking Congress
"to abolish the duty on wood-pulp,
mechanical ground wood and lumber
used In the manufacture of paper, and
that tho duty on news print paper be
reduced." Against the united demand
of the press, regardless of party, upon so
obvious a basis of reason and of Justlco,
this "tariff for monopoly only" a tax
upon knowledge for the benefit of the
Paper Trust ought not to stand for
another month.
The "31achlne" In Multnomah.
Corvalll3 Gazette.
If the political machine lp Multnomah
County were simply a local Institution we
might calmly observe the contest and
find food for mirth. But it Is not local;
everybody knows It Is not and never was.
Its Influence is not confined to Portland
and Multnomah County, but Is felt In ev
ery county in the state. This Is no new
thing, nothing strange, but the most nat
ural and apparent thing in the growth of
personal politics. For this reason other
counties are interested spectators of the
contest in Multnomah.
in Cuba. We have promised as a Nation
to establish such a government, and
must see to It that our promises are
made good. A stable government Is an
expensive thingf It Involves .the main
tenance of a good system for the admin
istration of Justice, from Judiciary to
police; schools, public works, charities
and hospitals, which are necessarily gov
ernment institutions; and, above all, an
elaborate system of sanitation, which Is
Imperatively required If North America
would keep under contrbl the dreaded
yellow fever, so many times transported
from Havana and other Cuban cities to
the communities of the Southern States,
with such enormous losses of life and
expenditures of money. A government
that Is to perform the functions I have
here too briefly given can be organized
and maintained under those conditions
alone which guarantee a reasonable in
come for all Its great and varied needs.
Its establishment and its maintenance
are predicated primarily upon the, estab
lishment and the maintenance of busi
ness confidence among the producers and
.traders of the Island. And If a govern
ment of this type be not established and
well established we shall speedily find
the conditions In Cuba, in all that per
tains to public education and to public
health, reverting to what they were when
first we went there. The objectionable
and dangerous conditions for the re
moval of which we Intervened must re
turn In full force and vigor, and -we shall
be constrained to do one of two things,
either permit them to continue as men
aces to the public health and as inter
ferences with our commerce, costing us
thousands of lives every Summer and
millions upon millions of dollars; or we
must intervene, to do afresh the great
work we are now completing.
Cuba purchases at present material
from foreign countries amounting to near
ly 570,000.000 per year. Under conditiono
that will encourage her planters to more
extensive operations, and will give cap
italists confidence in the resources of
the country and in the ability of Its in-
habitants to sell their products at a profit,
the purchasing capacity of Cuba within
a few years will rise to hundreds of mil
lions. That trado we should have, and
will have If we formulate plans for deal
ing with Cuba which are Just and intelli
gent. It would be dishonorable and In
bad faith to attempt to force political
oplnlonin Cuba for the purpose of chang
ing her relative position In reference to
the United States by maintaining ob
stacles to trade relations, which will re
sut In producing a condition of ruin ana
disorder through the failure of her two
Industries, sugar and tobacco. Such an
attempt would be in direct contradiction
to our promise to establish a stable gov
ernment. It might produce a result which
would necess4tate another Intervention,
but It would destroy Cuba's confidence in
us as a people and -would put us In a very
undesirable light before the world.
Our Next Duty.
We have only partially completed our
obligations toward Cuba. We must now
give her an opportunity to build up such
trade relations as will render a stable
government possible.
Her two principal products are tobacco
and sugar. She purchases from abroad
everything her people wear, much of
what they eat and use In their house
holds. She actually Imports a large pro
portion of her building material. There Is
little, except among those articles classed
as luxuries, which she purchases that we
do not produce. She Is only 90 miles
removed from our coast, and such has
been the destruction wrought by wars
and a bad government that for genera
tions to come Cuba will continue to be
a purchaser to the full extent of her abil
ity to buy. There are town and palatial
country residences, almost entirely de
stroyed, which are to be rebuilt and re
stored to their former beauty; there are
railroads which must be built and others
which must be reconstructed, and huge
amounts of structural iron and of
machinery of all kinds to be Imported.
From our situation and by reason of the
sincere and earnest friendship her people
have for us, we should control practi
cally all of this trade of Cuba. The Island
today has a population of only 1,500,000.
It can carry easily 12,000.000. This large
population of the future should be If
proper means be now employed composed
of Industrious and enterprising planters
and developers, a large proportion of
whom will probably come from this coun
try. With time, a strong, prosperous peo
ple will be built up In the Island. It will
be a people who will not be a menace to
us, who will not be a tax upon us; It will
be one whose trade and whose good will
should be of the greatest value.
Cuba's geographical position Is such
that she practically controls the entrance
to the Gulf and the approaches to the
Isthmian Canal, and she stands In the
line of trade between North and South
America. It Is most Important that her
government shall be stable; that her pop
ulation, financially and politically, shall
be sound and self-sustaining, and that
the disposition and spirit of her people
continue friendly to us as a Nation. The
wise provisions of the "Piatt amendment"
have done much to guarantee a stable
government, and I believe that what is
needed to bring about the desirable condi
tions referred to is to make it possible
for Cuba's great industries to live and to
return a reasonable profit to their pro
moters. The United States will gain as
much by developing Its trade with Cuba
a3 Cuba will gain by the increase of its
trade through more favorable relations
with the United States. We can send her
everything she requires to maintain,
clothe and feed her people. We can ad
mit her products with n reasonable re
duction on tho present duty without In
juring the Interests of our people who
are now at work on similar lines. And,
In doing It. we shall greatly benefit our
people as a whole, and we shall have
carried out our promises In good faith.
The Ivory Market.
The London News.
Our Ivory supply, according to the an
nual reports Juat issued, continues to
show signs of a steady decrease, the total
quantity Imported last year being only 232
tons, against 272 tons In the preceding
year, and an average annual Importation
of 232& tons since 1SS9, eo that, naturally,
there has been a good demand at higher
prices. In the face of the continued email
receipts, prospects are described as being
decidedly favorable that is, from the sell
er's point of view. East Indian cut points
suitable for billiard balls realized, as
usual, the highest price, selling up to 85
103 per hundredweight, against 75 last
year. The West Coast or Africa was tne
only center that snipped us more ivory
last year than during 1900, but still tho
10S tons received thence are below the
average quantity 112 tons shipped dur
ing the last four years.
The quantity received from the Cape
was extremely small, only three-quarters
of a ton, while last year no Ivory came to
us through that port. One may say that
Cape Ivory is a thing of the past, for
even before the present war the country
had been so thoroughly explored that the
big game formerly to be met with In those
districts had either been exterminated or
gone further north, and their Ivory, If
still obtainable, must now be shipped
through the more Northern ports. This
makes one wonder where we shall draw
our supply of Ivory from when Africa Is
denuded of elephants, which at the pres
ent rate of progress must soon occur.
Would It be feasible to reserve an. area
iarce enough to allow tne wild elephants
to wander about and breed, undisturbed
"by the hunter, until the time arrives to
obtain their tusks?
Sentiment In Lane.
Eugene Register.
We aro confident that nine-tenths of the
Republican voters of Lane County are ep-
posed to the return of Joe Simon to the
United States Senate. This we consider a
fairly correct diagnosis of the Senatorial
i situation in Lane.
NOTE AND COMMENT.
Last call to register.
If you don't want to vote, don't regis,
tcr today.
There Is still room for your name on the
registration books.
Wc now turn our humble an.l reverent
eyes toward Sir Thomas Lipton.
Every honest citizen who registers can
cels the registration of some hobo.
The President has sent in his first veto.
He undoubtedly has others in stock.
Has the Kaiser any more brothers whom
he would like to have see a little high
life?
Aguinnldo n.sked if his capture was a
Yankee Joke. It certainly was the theme
for a good many of them.
Now comes the news that the Meteor
was not built to race. Then why did the
Kaiser have her built In America?
Another bunch of Southern Democrats
has arisen to-inake interesting the pages
of the once prosy Congressional Record.
Kruger Is still confident of ultimato
Boer success, and It looks as If the feel
ing was beginning to be shared by the
Hon. John Bull.
There Is a nice, substantial jail in
Multnomah County with ample accommo
dations for all the repeaters who engage
in business Saturday.
Unless J. P. Morgan gets the atmosphere
in the meantime, Marconi ought to bo able
to run his lines with little trouble about
right-of-way privileges.
The Countess Waldersce will not allow
her husband to come to America. Per
haps she thinks his capacity Is not a3
great as Prince Henry's.
Rumors of a flood in the Columbia are
again afloat, but residents of Portland
Heights havp not yet seen fit to tie boats
up to tnelr front porches.
General Funston says the Philippines
are as placid as the State of Kentucky.
And when he first went over they were as
turbulent as the State of Kansas. Truly
clvllizatlon has been making strides over
there.
Not very long ago the general agent
of the Saturday and Sunday Hospital As
sociation In New York, Frederick Cook,
wrote to one of the wealthy parlshioners(
of All Angels' Episcopal Church, on
Eighty-first street and West End avenue,
suggesting that the parish make a contri
bution for the association. Tho parish
ioner replied that he would look after the
matter as aoon as he had time, meanwhile
Inclosing a check for $20, and asking that
It be credited to "All Angels." Mr. Cook,
acknowledging the receipt of the check,'
thanked the donor and added: "I prefer,
however, to credit It to one angel."
The Palatka (Fla.) Nows relates a re
markable story of an error made by Gov
ernor Jennings in filling out a warrant
for the execution of J. B. Brown, a negro
murderer. By some unexplained blunder
the Governor omitted the name of Brown
from the document and Inserted In Its
place that of Noah J. Tllghman, of Palat
ka, a Methodist minister, a white man
and one of the most respected citizens of
the town. The Sheriff was directed In the
warrant to nans the Rev. Mr. Tllghman
on January 25. Of course, he did not do
so, but the minister is very much an
noyed over the 4ncident and feels that an
apology is due him a view which, srange
ly enough, the Governor refuses to take.
The Impresario.
Spectator.
The genesis of the impresario may be
traced back logically enough to the in
herent necessities of the operatic environ
ment. Opera came to Its birth in inly,
the land of song, of the "bel canto,"
where the ingrained tendency of the people
Is (or was) to prefer charm to character,
beauty of sound to dramatic intensity of
expression. This led Inevitably to the long
and tyrannous predominance of the solo
singer, male and female, which lasted for
the best part of two centuries, and from
which we are only at last beginning tD
extricate ourselves; and this tyranny ne
cessitated a class of strong yet supple
personages capable of controlling, humor
ing and reconciling the lions of the mu
sical menagerie. For it should never be
forgotten that the qualities rcqulrtd In
the old impresario included personal cour
age as well as diplomacy. He had not
only to console the prima donna for the
death of her pet monkey, but to deft nil
himself against the heels of an asU? a -id
Infuriated tenor. Apart from what imy
be called the physical necessity for tha
Impresario, there was an economic neccc
slty as well. Co-operation among singers
themselves was Impossible, their maxim
Inter se being homo homini lupus; busi
ness details were to them distasteful cr
repulsive; hence the paramount need for
the practlqal outsider with a head for fig
ures, a faculty for organization and a
love of adventure. For there were few
more "swltchbacked" careers than that
of the Impresario. Ultimate financial dis
aster eeems. on the whole to be the rulo
rather than the exception."
PLEASANTRIES OF PARAGRAPIIERS
Employer-What are you idlins your ttma
away for? CiorU-I'm not; it's your time.
Chicago DaKy N'ews.
Barber That's strance. You say you have
been here before. I don't seem to remember
your face. Victim Probably not. You se: It
has all healed up now. Glasgow Evening
Times.
Elderly Lady Aren't you ashamed to be seen
smoking cigarettes, little boy? Little Boy
Sure I am: but wot's a feller to do when he
ain't got do price of a cigar? Philadelphia
Record.
Patience I saw that handsome Mr. Styles wo
met at the ball. In his automobile, today.
Patrice Did he speak to you? "Yes; he yelled
for mo to look out as I was crossing the
street." Yonkers Statesman.
Lady What on earth, Mary, have you been
doing with that dog? He Is dripping with
water. Mary It's all Master Tom: he's been
and tied him to the end of a pole and cleaned
the winders with him. Tlt-Blts.
Absence Accounted For. The Vicar's "Wife
I did not see your parents at church yesterday,
Thomas. Thomas No, mem. Mother's sprained
er back throwin father down stairs, and 'e
couldn't come 'cos 'is leg's broke. Pick-Me-Up.
Merely a Phrase. "Of course, you were given
the freedom of the city." "Yes," answered
tho distinguished visitor. "But I had to Icce?
so close to a regular schedule under the strict
surveillance of so many committees that It was
hard to realize how free Ivwas." VVashingtcn
Star.
The Fatal Rope. "Ah!" said the prison vis
itor to the convicted murderess, "when you
think of your Impending doom, does not your
memory revert longingly to the days of your
Innocent childhood?" "Well," replied th"
doomed creature. "I .surely would like to skip
the rope." Philadelphia Press.
Coming to This? Senator Blank Mr. Pres
ident, will the gentleman from South Carolina
A Dozen Voices Point of order, Mr. President!
Senator Blank '(catching on) Mr. President, I
yield the point. If tho Chair will permit me I
will amend. "Will the Senator from South
Carolina, etc Chicago Tribune.
The Reason for It. "Why do men flock after
the wldcws?" "Because." explained the sweet
young thing, without a touch of bitterness,
"tho average man lacks confidence in his own
judgment, and in the case of a widow he feels
that he is merely backing the Judgment of an
other man." Chicago Post.