Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937, January 27, 1902, Image 4

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Morning Oregonian., January 27, 1902, Page 4, Image 4

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Newspaper Page Text- THE HfOMING OKEG'ONIAS, ttfttfDA?, JANUARY 27, 1002. W&Z : VBQ0XtltXa .Entered at the PostofSce at Portland. Oregon, as ecccnd-class matter. RKVISED SUBSCRIPTION RATES. By Mail (postage? prepaid),. In Advance Daily, with Sunday, per month 5 85 Dally. Sunday excepted, per year 1 M Dally, with Sunday, -per year. 0 00 Sunday, per year 2 00 The Weekly, per yean..,.., 1 & The Weekly. 3 months 60 To City Subscribers Dally, per week, de,lryerfi, Sundays excepta.l.c Daily, per week. delIvcrd..Sunaays lncludcd.20c POSTAGE RATES. United States Canada ana" Mexico: 10 to 14-page paper...,. ,. c 14 to 23-paoe paper.. ....-. -c Foreign rales -dpuble. Xews or discussion Intended for publication In The Oregonlan should ho addressed invaria bly "Editor The Oregonlan.". not, to be name 7 of any indlv.dua:. Letters relating to adver tising, subscriptions or to any "business matter should b addressed Mmply "The Oregonlan." The Oregonlan does not buy poems or iorlcs from Individuals and cannot undertake to re tort any hianuscrlpls Rent to it without solici tation. No stamps should be Inclosed fer this .purpose. Eastern 'Business Ofllce. 3. 44. -45. 47. 4S. 40 Tribune building. New York City; 409 ."The Rookery." Chicago, thq S. C. Beckwlth Bpeclal agency. Eastern representative. For-.sal In San Francltco by .L. E. Lee. Pal ace Hotel news stand: Goldsmith Bros.. 230 Gutter street; FW. Pitts, 100S Market street; J. K. Coopet Co.. 740 Market street, near the Palace Hotel; Foster & Orear, Ferry news stand. For sale In Los Angeles by B. F. Gardner. 259 So. Spring street, and Oliver & Haines, 100 So. Spring fetreet. JFor sale. In Sacramonto by Sacramento 2Ccws Co., 429 K. street. Sacramento. Cal. For sale In Chicago by the P. O. News Co.. 217 Dearborn street. For sale in Omaha by Barkalow Bros.. 1012 JTarnam street. For sale in Salt Lake by the Salt Lake News Co.. 77 W. Second South street. For -ale In Ogden by W. C. Kind. 201 Twenty-fifth Btreet. and C. H. Myers. On file at Charleston, S. C, in the Oregon ex hibit at the exposition. For sale In -Washington, D. C. by the Ebbett House news stand. For sale in Denver, Colo., by Hamilton & Kendrlck, 900-912 Seventeenth street; Louthau & Jackson Book & Stationery Cos, 15th and Iawrence streets. TODAY'S WEATHER Partly cloudy and oc casionally threatening, with possibly light snow. North to cast winds. YHSTERDAY"S WEATHER Maximum tem perature, 24; minimum temperature, 15; pre cipitation. .18 inch. I . ORTLAKU, MOXDAl", JANUARY 27, COMMON SENSE ON THE RIVER PROBLEM. It is not to be supposed that any newspaper of Puget Sound desires Im provement of the navigation of the Columbia River, or of any part of It. 2Tor, though the Columbia, the second river of the United States, forms the Whole southern boundary df the State of Washington, and bisects the entire Btate from northeast to south-southwest, yet navigation of the Columbia Biver, either in its upper or lower courses, will contribute nothing to the commerce of Puget Sound, but, on the contrary, will turn commerce from that direction. Aid, therefore, to the im provement of the Columbia River is not to be expected from that quarter. But the nature of the opposition ought not to deceive anybody. It consists just now in efforts to play one part of the great -plan of improvement against an other, so as -to hinder all. The Seattle Post-In telllgencer does not misunder stand, the problems of Columbia River improvement, but it persists in misrep-i. ressntlng them. It persists in this course because it desires no Improve ment at all. Here is Its latest screed, put forth under the title, "Portland Wins Again": The people living In the country east of the mountains drained by the Columbia Rler have had the opportunity afforded them to test the value of the professions made by the Portland Chamber of Commerce, that Portland was heartily In favor of the opening of the Co lumbia River to navigation. The test of the cood faith of the Portland people in this mat ter came when the members of the House com mittee on rivers and harbors announced that the sum to be appropriated to the Columbia would "be devoted to one of two purposes either the Improvement of the lower river, or the im provement of the upper river, but not to both projects Forthwith, every influence which Portland could exert, and particularly the un divided support of the entire Oregon delegation In Congress, was enllbted on behalf or the low or river, and. It Is reported, with complete .suc cess. I appears that a decision has been sub stantially reached to continue the old policv which has prevailed for the past generation, and to give all of the appropriation for the benefit of PorUand, and nothing for the Inte rior, The Oregonlan Is modestly Jubilant over this result, for which It is largely responsible; and hypocritically condoles with the people of the Inland Empire, assuring them that they really do not know what Is good for them, and that as a matter of fact the Improvement of the lower river Is vastly more Important to the people of the eastern part of Washington and Oregon than an open and free river from the arm to the sea. This Is intentional misrepresentation; it is positively dishonest, and every one sees the indention of it. The assump tion is.that Portland is insisting that Improvement of the upper river be post poned, and that the appropriations be confined to the river below Portland, or between Portland and Astoria.' This Is not true; it Is an Invention directly op posite to truth, put forth for purpose as transparent as malicious and insin cere. What Portland and The Orego nlan say is this, namely, that a deeper channel, at the mouth of the river is the first necessity. Money should be spent for improvement of the bar, first of all things; for, until the mouth of the river is supplied with a channel for passage of ships suited to the heavy trade of the Columbia Basin, river navigation, from the farms to the bar Will have little value. The first step for "a free and open river from the farms to the stea" is the extension of the jetty at the mouth Qf the river, and a deeper channel on the- bar. We must have a channel for deep-sea ships at the -bar before any Improvements on the upper river, or on the river below Portland, will be serviceable to the country at large. But the Seattle paper, desiring to prevent or delay improve ment of the channel at the mouth of the river, makes pretense of urging im provement of the upper river, in the hope of setting the people of the in terior "and their representatives against extension of the jetty at the mouth. . A rational view of the subject Is taken by the committee of rivers and harbors. The committee is reDorted as holding the opinion that the first thing to be done is to open a deeper passage for vessels over the bar, to and from th?e sea. In this conclusion of the com mittee the City of Portland and The" Oregonlan fully concur. It is the only sensible and effective thing. We should be glad to see. work begun at once, if possible, at all points of obstruction, on the xtpper river as well as at the bar; but it seems unlikely that Congress will appropriate the money necessary for work at all the places at once; and since it Is absolutely indispensable to brave' a channel for ingress and egress of ships at the month of the river, as a means of getting the commerce of the country to the sea, we advise improve ment of the oar, first of all things. The channel there must be deeper and fit for a heavier class of vessels; and It must be so Improved that vessels can enter and depart without the detentions so commonly experienced there. Common ..sense therefore directs that ;ntll this improvement shall be made, or until It shall be put under way, other work on the river, whether above or below Portland, shall wait To take the other course would be like beginning with the upper stories". Instead of at the foundation, in the erection of a house. One more remark, in reply to the as sertion that Portland wants "all of the appropriation for the benefit of Port land and nothing for the interior." The appropriation for the ship channel at the mouth of the river is for the benefit of the whole Columbia Basin, not for the benefit of Portland alone. If there is not to be a deep ship channel at the mouth of the Columbia, no improve ment on any part of the river can be necessary, for the railroads will do the business of the country in connection with ports north and south. Naviga tion of the river or of any part of it will be unnecessary without a deep ship channel at the place where it pours into the sea. First of all necessary im provements, therefore, is a deeper chan nel at the mouth. POWERLESS TO DECEIVE. Mr. Harriman's specious pleading for "community interest" delivered to the Interstate Commerce Commission on the heels of similar pretenses on the part of Mr. Hill makes sickening reading, com pared with the bold utterances of Gov ernor McBrlde, of Washington, who shows in unanswerable terms the utter absurdity of expecting reduction of rail road rates through the merger method of stifling competition. "No self-respecting community," he says, "can ac cept as a favor what it Is entitled to as a matter of right. Instead of the people being dependent for fair treatment upon the good will or the whim or the mere caprice of this combination, they should be in a position to regulate and control these railroads." There is the rub of the whole busi ness. These immense corporations as sume superiority to the lawmaking power that made them, and that must find some way to keep and show poten tially, at least the right and the power to unmake them. When a private con cern gets so powerful that It defies Gov ernors, buys Legislatures and laughs at the courts, it is drawing perilously near the point where the people will begin to ask themselves whether the law Is longer adequate as means to the end of good government, or whether some other means must be found to compel obedience to the popular will. , Mr. Harrlman says if he or Mr. Hill owned all the railroads, rates would be lower than they can bo under competi tion. It Is absurd. The than who makes such an assertion must be a fool himself or else thinks he can fool everybody else. Mr. Kill says that a monopoly Is necessary In order to pro mote new railroad construction. This Is equally absurd. Everybody knows what harmony between Hill and Har rlman means as to rales. The rates will be nil that the traffic will bear. The interests served will not be the In terests of the country traversed by the "roads, but the Interests of the owners of the roads. They will reduce rates When they can make more money from larger traffic than from less. When they can't, they will keep them up They will build lines, reduce rates, make betterments, when the interests of the owners and the interests of the tributary territory coincide. When they do not coincide, the owners will be fa vored and the country will suffer. Everybody knows what Messrs. Hill and Harrlman, In combination, would do regarding the building of new lines. They will not build any till they are forced to. When will they build Into 'he Clearwater or the Nehalem? They will build there when somebody raises money independently and proposes to build In. Then they will get ready, promise, and, if they are forced to it, build. What has caused the railroad building we have already? Nothing but the desire to get ahead of the other fellows, or to protect territory from the aggression of the other fellows. Put them all under one management, and this competitive reaching out for terri tory, this competitive reductions of rates to capture business, dies away. Mr. Hill said that the law and the courts are the proper sources of rem edy for railroad injustice; and when somebody called his attention to the miscarriage of justice that results from such appeals, he laughed. It seemed funny to him, and doubtless the joke was not without point. But this defi ance of law and this sport at the ef forts of sworn officials to enforce the law may result some day in the laugh being on the other side. If there is, no other way to control these corporations, the Government will some day take their property, and It will not pay the prices or the promoter's commissions that make life for our Morgans and Harrlmans today one glad, sweet song. It is better for the Government to own the railroads than for the railroads to own the Government. THE SYSTEM'S GItEATEST'DEFECT. Any thoughtful person who reads the comprehensive statement of the pro posed new charter provisions, printed yesterday, must have reflected upon the grave injustice to the public welfare In volved In the fact that at the time when so important a matter "lor the city's future is hanging in the balance the choice of men who are to pass upon It in the Legislature Is apparently to be determined as usual by the strug gles of certain candidates for the United States Senate. This charter is to be voted upon by the people at the com ing June election; but its enabling act requires. It tp be enacted at the coming Legislative session. A good deal depends upon the fate of the charter. It locates power and re sponsibility ir the Mayor's hands. It conserves the city's rights in franchises. It takes the" municipal elections out of the hands of the bosses by fixing them at different times from the general elec tions. It enables us to improve streets with less regard than hitherto for the wishes of unprogres3lve property-owners. It gives larger maximum of taxa tion for our growing fire and police needs. It establishes a chil service sys tem in all departments of the city gov ernment, thus curtailing the power of partisan machines. These are Impor tant matters. They ought to be settled on their own merits. We do not say this charter should be adopted. When It Is completed, discus sion will bring out Its weak points. But we do say that if It proves satisfactory, and if it is adopted by an overwhelm ing popular vote, it will still be in the power of machine politics to defeat it through the selection, of men chosen for fidelity to a Senatorial candidate, rather than for fiaelity to the public welfare. Whoever Is triumphant In this county In the June election will not want the patronage of city offices taken away. Others will want offices continued that are abolished by the new charter. All sorts of unworthy deals may be carried through, looking to aid to a Senatorial candidate on the one hand In return for betrayal of the city's good on the other hand. The only remedy for this dishearten ing situation Is the election of Senators by popular vote. Then the Legislature will stand some chance of being elected for fitness and fidelity toward the sub jects of legislation. Instead of being chosen as instruments of Senatorial am bitions, with local affairs in every city and county serving simply as trading stock for the bosses on each side. It Is but Just to Senator Mitchell to say that he has always'favored and worked for the direct election of Senators. It might not be bad for the next Legislature to show some mark of appreciation of his efforts In this respect, and certainly it should memorialize Congress for such an amendment to the Constitution. MYSTERIOUS OCEAN TRAGEDIES. Shipping returns for 1901 show that a total of thirty-two vessels, carrying crews of 800 men, were posted as miss ing within the twelve months. The ag gregate value of the vessels and cargoes which thus disappeared was nearly $5,000,000. As the number of mysterious disappearances which go to make up the underwriters' "missing" lists Is small in comparison with the number of vessels that are lost but leave a record of their disappearance, complete returns of the ocean disasters will undoubtedly show i loss of life running Into the thousands and a property loss of ap palling proportlona AH of the safe cuards which the Ingenuity of ynan has provided for the prevention of disaster at sea seem at times Inadequate to pre vent the destruction of even the atanch est ships afloat, and there Is not much In the record of disaster for the year just closed to warrant the self-ccngratu-lation which seafaring men sometimes Indulge in "because they are sailors." The year just closed was undoubtedly very prolific of dlrasters on shore as well as sea, an epidemic of wrecks on the rail especially marking the closing day 3 of the year with a fearful loss of life and property. No heart-rending ac count of loss of life in a railroad wreck, however, can cause the anguish for those who are left to mourn that is pro duced by the single word "missing" fol lowing the name of a ship on the mari time records. ' In the railroad wreck the Intense shock caused by the sudden and terrible death of those who are near and dear Is soon over. It may leave a life long sorrow for those who are left be hind, but the grief Is not intensified by the awful mystery that surrounds the fate of the ships that never return. O'er the grave of the victims of dis aster on land loving friends find a sor rowful pleasure In placing flowers, "though they smile in vain for what once was ours." Even" this solace Is de nied the relatives and friends of the men who perished with the missing ships, and for months and years after the name of the ship has been eliminat ed fiom the records, with aching hearts they have waited and hoped In vain for tidings which never came. In recent years the North Pacific Ocean has been the scene of more of these ocean mys teries than have occurred in any other part of the world. This 13 partially due to the fact that the number of vessels plying In these waters Is com paratively small, and the opportunities for rescue In case of disaster are ac cordingly lessened. Another factor Is the laxity of regulations governing the loading of vessels at certain porta on the Pacific. Over 150 men were lost on the three colliers Mcntserrat, Keeweenah and Mat teawan, which mysteriously disappeared within the past seven years, and over loading at a time of year when 6evere storm were almost certain to be en countered la the only reason given for these three tragedies which left life long sorrow In many a home. With the Cadzow Forest, Andrada, Rathdown, Cape Wrath, Midas, Laurelbank, Do minion, Bertha and a number of other vessels which sailed into the North Pacific and were never afterward heard of, an Insufficiency of ballast Is blamed for the disaster. These tragedies, taken Individually or collectively, are sur rounded with an atmosphere of terrible mystery which will always be lacking In fatal disasters on shore, and for that reason all of the statistics that can be printed showing ocean travel to be safer than by rail will not change the senti ment which some people feel against It The active opposition to the Mitchell Chinese exclusion bill is due largely to the Chinese Government, which through Minister Wu Ting Fang is making a determined diplomatic fight against it and against the re-enactment even of the Geary exclusion law. When the delegation sent to Washington from California to work up sentiment in favor of the Mitchell exclusion bill called on Secretary Hay, they learned, accord ing to the Washington correspondent of the New York Sun, that China has In timated that the re-enactment of the exclusion law would be regarded as an affront that would require retaliation, and that the Pekin government would decline to grant "most-favored-nation" treatment to the United States in the commercial treaties which are to be ne gotiated by China with this country. Should other nations secure tariff ad vantages which America will not pos sess, they would be able to send their goods Into the Interior of China, where a great market awaits them. California Is vitally Interested in the Chinese mar ket, and the prospect of a considerable curtailment of Iter lucrative trade with the Orient naturally disturbs her dele gation, which is working for the new exclusion law. It Is believed that China will be willing to compromise on the basis of certain modifications In the exclusion law. The Eastern firms en gaged In the China trade, and the rail road and steamship companies on this Coast, are strongly opposed to the Chi nese exclusion law, and, while not strong at the ballot-box, they are al ways strong in the lobby at Washing ton when they have anything at stake. The success of the transcontinental railroads and the steamship companies In blocking the Nicaragua Canal bill for years shows how formidable Is the opposition of a powerful Washington lobby energized by vast corporate in terests. The whole struggle today over the choice o routes, whether by Nica ragua or Panama, Is merely the work of an able lobby, which skillfully plays one project against the other In order to kill the canal. If there is a lobby of similar strength and skill behind the opposition to the Mitchell exclusion bill. It will have a hard fight to become a law. The Southern Democrats are not as amenable to the Influence of organ ized white labor as are the Congress men of the West and the Pacific Coast, and It Is quite possible that the new exclusion bill has a long and hard battle before It to become a law. The discontinuance of the woman's college of medicine of the Northwestern University of Evanston, near Chicago, finds no Just explanation In the state ment of the president that women are not equal to medicine and cannot be taught It Women are taught medicine successfully elsewhere in America and Europe, Elizabeth and Emily Black well, Charlotte Lozler and Mary Put nam Jacobl were physicians conspicu ous for scientific medical learning and skill many years ago, and the Univer sity of Zurich, Switzerland, gives diplo mas annually to women whose medical and surgical scholarship Is quite up to the highest masculine standard among the graduates. The woman graduates from medical schools In New York and Philadelphia are numerous and of good quality of scholarship. The Springfield Republican says that In that city a woman has held rank among the first three or four physicians in the extent of her practice and the quality of her work. Of course, there are worthless. Incompetent physicians among women as there are among men, but there Is really no intellectual deficiency peculiar to women that should, make them more incapable of mastering medicine and surgery than men, provide'd they are equally well taught. In capital surgical operations a woman might not have as much nerve as a man, but there Is no good reason why a woman could nnt master anatomy, physiology, materia medlca, chemistry and microscopy as well as a man, and if she could she ought to be able to practice medicine with Intelligence and success. She could at least keep her practice within the bounds defined by the witty doc tor who said the chief thing essential to the successful practice of medicine "was to find out what would kill the patient, and then be sure not to give it to him " The Oregonlan is asked to decide the question, "What is the oldest newspaper In the United Stales?" It Is hard to answer with certainty. The Massachu setts Spy, published in Boston before the Revolution, was removed at the outbreak of the Revolution to Worces ter, Mass., where it is still published as the Worcester Spy. The Newport (R, I.) Mercury has an ancestry that runs back to ante-Revolutionary times. So has the Saturday Evening Post, of Philadelphia, which is the successor of the Pennsylvania Gazette. The Balti more American, likewise, Is the de scendant in direct line of a newspaper of another name that dates Into "the far backward and abysm of time." There Is dispute as to what Is the old est newspnper In the United States. The Worcester (Mass.) Spy is probably entitled to the honor. Though removed from Boston to Worcester, It retains the original name, and Is no descend ant or successor of another paper. Governor Geer'a answer to the peti tion for commutation of the sentence of Dalton, one of the murderers of" James Morrow, was excellent. No statement could be more clear and cogent! We reprint this part of It, viz: " When these young brigands started out on this midnight raid for the earnings of others, and their blood. If necessary, they agreed to keep faith with each other, no matter what happened. When it resulted in murder thej were equally guilty before the law, and when Dalton confessed, with the hope cf getting at least a part of the reward and salvation from the gallows, he merely added to his former guilt that of perfidy to his fellow criminal. That it was Wade's pistol that went off "ac cidentally" instead of Dalton's was the result of mere chance as to which one .was at the moment doing the thing they, had both agreed to do. This class of hobos should not be en couraged to believe that when an "accident" of this kind occurs, clemency Is held out to him who can make the Quickest time to the District Attorney's offlce A discourse delivered recently "by Bishop Potter, of New York, on the op portunities and duties of wealth was a very practical 3ort of sermon. This was one of his Illustrations: A lady with an income of $500,000 wrote me recently that she was bored to death and very restless. "You tell me to look after my chil dren," she said, "but the nurses and gov ernesses can do It all much better than I can. You tell me to visit the poor, but I am afraid of microbes. You tell me to study. I have studied Italian till I am dizzy." I wrote back to her for God's sake to let the children see her once In a while, and to re member that they were her children, and not the nurses' children. I also spoke to her of a class of people who have seen better days. It Is now asserted that Byron did not have a clubfoot. Byron'3 lameness was, so slight that Lady Blessington said that she could not tell except by very careful observation when he walked which was "the lame foot. Another of his friends records that across the street nobody could tell that Byron was la,me at all. Byron was a skillful pu gilist, an excellent fencer, a bold horse man, a good shot and a famous fighter at school. It is probable, therefore, that his youthful lameness had been cured largely by the time he reached man hood. Senator Allison, of Iowa, ha3 the dis tinction of being the second man to be elected six consecutive full terms In the United States Senate. Senator Morrill, of Vermont, was the first. But no man of great brains and strong personality ever served or could serve so long with out starting opposition fatal to hia con tinuance In the office. Such "success" as this belongs to mediocre, colorless,1 commonplace and "merely respectable" characters. Brother Parkhurst, of New York, though a type of the one-sided reformer, Is not without humor or senee of humor, or sense and humor He says: "I am very frequently called upon by peopla who tell me they are contemplating sui cide. I tell them not to contemplate it, but to go and do it jump Into the water for as soon as they feel the wet they will want to pull out." A "by-product" of cotton, cotton-seed oil, Is worth to our Southern States not less than $50,000,000 a year. Production la these states cotton, tobacco, rice, lumber,, fruits, coal, Iron and steel, and dozens of other commodities has grown to enormous proportions, and will yet grow beyond calculation. If a poor beggar defies arrest, we read him a lecture on the sacredness of the law. If a railroad president does It he looks around for applause. Anarchy is the same, In high places or low. The Interstate Commerce Commission has emitted its annual tale of woe and that is about the extent of its service, through all Its history. DR.ABD0TT ON THE PHILIPPINES A new book which has Just been pub lished by Dr. Lyman Abbott, entitled "The Rights of Man." advances argu ments justifying the American occupation of the Philippines, which are of particular interest Just now, when Senator Hoar and others are reviving the agitation against our conduct of affairs there. Dr. Ab bott takes what may be regarded as an extreme position in his Insistence uuon the moral right of our supremacy over the Filipinos. He holds that the Anglo-Saxon race Is the chosen instrument to confer the gifts of civilization, through law, com merce and education on uncivilized peo ples. He admits that there Is somes unavoidable Injustice and hardship to the few, but that the greatest number will be the gainers. Wherever Anslo-Saxon gov ernment is established, persons, property and the family are safer than they ever were before. As to the Americans as colonizers. Dr. Abbott says: "On all the pages of human history there Is not to be found the record of any other nation which has come so near fulfilling the Christ-Ideal In dealing with subject races as this American people." He insists that it Is not only a right, but a duty for the United States to continue in the dependencies placed in our hands. He continues; It Is said that we have not the form of gov ernment which flta us for this work. If that wore true, we should change the form of gov ernment. Forms of government arc but tools; let us adapt our tool to our work, not our work to our tool. But our Government Is ad mirably adapted for the work God has given us to do. For our work is not to subjugate a people; It Is not to govern a people; It is to develop In a people, through law. through commerce, through education, through religion, tho rower of self-government. And no nation is better fitted, by the structure of its govern ment, by the noble traditions of Its past, by the splendid opportunities of tho present, by the aspirations and desires of Its prophets and poets, to take the lead In this great work or the world's civilization, and make of a bar baric community, first, a law-abiding people, then an Industrious people, then an educated reople; finally, a sclf-soverolng people, than this our Republic. Our Government, by lis structure and In its spirit, more than any oth er government, embodies the three essontlal elements of true democracy the spirit of goon will to man. of hope for man. of faith In man. Tho nation which In lt3 lnitltutlons embodies this threefold spirit I pre-eminently the na tion to rule, to teach, to Inspire, so that, through rule, through Inspiration, through teaching, other nations may become free as we are free. Dr. Abbott makes no concessions to Sen ator Koar, who insists that barbarians have the same absolute rights to self government as civilized people. Barbar ism itself has no rights which civilization Is bound to respect. The barbarian him self has rights which civilization is bound to respect. He has the natural rights of life, liberty and property, and civilization must protect these, but it should also help him to better conditions. It 13 under no obligation, he says, to maintain him in his darkness. Dr. Abbott goes on to say: The question which confronts self-governing countries in this beginning of the twentieth century is. Shall we leave races just emerging from childhood to acquire capacity for self government through long and dismal processes which have been necesrary in our case, or shall wo servo as their guardians and tutors, pro tecting ihclr rights and educating their Judg ment and their consciences until they arc able to frame their own mutual protective associa tions; that is. to' constitute and administer without aid their own governments? Dr. Abbott calls attention to the differ ence between independence and liberty, which are so often confused. "Those who believe that the Philippines ought not to be Independent," he says, "believe that If they become independent they will not be free, and that If they become dependent on the United States, their freedom will be assured. x Dr. Abbott's arguments have a similar ity to those which justified the Greeks V ..!.. JuaiuieQ l"e i-ccks and Romans in their conquest of the bar- uuuaiu, uul indu vciii uc iiu iiuifliiuu iiiiL civilization was the gainer. That the same will be true of the American occu pation of the Philippines there can be no doubt at all. We have the Philippines with us for good, as a matter of fact, and noth ing tha,t Mr. Hoar and all the others who challenge our occupation of the islands can do will alter that essential position. Nor can any question the good that has been done wherever Anglo-Saxon civiliza tion has extended. NOAH WEBSTER FARM SOLD. Dictionary Maker Procured It From the Government In 1S3U. An investment In Vermillion County, Ill inois, land, made Co years ago by Noah Webster, of dictionary and spelling-book fame, came to light recently by a sale made by W. H. Allen, the grandson of Noah Webstor. to N. C. Hill, of Henning, Vermillion County. Allen, who lives In Farmlngton, Conn., disposed of hlB share of the land SO acres for $S7 59 per acre. Noah Webster entered the land from the Government in 1S26, getting 320 acres lylns two miles north of Henning. He died In 158. leaving four children, among whom the Vermillion County estate was par titioned. A daughter got the SO acres which were sold. She left the land to her son, W. B. Allen, who went to Danville to close the deal. The grandson of the dictionary author did not know much about the land until recently, when he received a letter from a farmer offering him 540 an acre for it. He made an Investigation which resulted In a trip to Danville, and the sale of the farm to another man for more than double the first offer. The lund Is virgin soil. It lies covered with prairie grass Just oa It did 100 years ago. While land all about It has been brought to the highest state of cultivation, the lund of old Noah Web ster has never known the touch of a plow. There Is no doubt about Its being good land, and even In lying uncultivated It has earned a large sum on the original Investment of 51 25 per acre. The Trade of the Philippines. San Francisco Chronicle. "Glory" is not a satisfactory Return for what we are doing in the Philippines. The pleasure of policing the Islands for all na tions of the earth except ourselves to trade there 13 equally unsatisfactory. The consciousness of doing good to mankind may soothe the declining years of men and nations, but the lusty American peo ple want cash. If we pay the Philippine bills we want the Philippine market. We have no use for an "open door," espsclally If Americans cannot get through the open ing. To put It bluntly, we want a door wide open to us and partially closed to other people. We pay for It and we want It. If any American official has ever Intimated that wc would maintain any other kind of a door In the Philippines he exceeded his authority and will aione be dishonored If his promise 13 repudiated. How It May Have Started. Chicago Tribune. "I think," said the old Army man who was detailing his Mexican war experi ences, "General WInfield Scott was the biggest man I ever saw. He was nearly 6 feet and a half high, well proportioned, and weighed 350 pounds." "Great Scott!" exclaimed the listener. Compcnuatlon. Mabel "Whltmore. As life slips by me. all I hoped to be Grows fainter, dimmer, and I reach no goal Amonj the many that my youthful soul Dreamed of attaining sure and speedily. Ambitions fade, and aspirations flee. And Youth, who showered blossoms at my feet. With covered face now leads on Age discreet. And, treading on my flowers, turns from me. Tet have the years been kind; one blossom rare Is given me to grace these later days. Whose tendrils twine my brow with greener bays Than thosemy young ambitions longed to wear. In one dear life I lire my youth once more. And dream again, and hope as once before. AMUSEMENTS. "At Valley Forge." a me'odroma of the time of the Revolution, and consequently full of interest for an American audience, opened a week's engagement at Cordray's last night to a house that ivas surpris ingly large, In view of the unu&unlly severe weather. The play is presented by a well-ha'anced company. Is full of well-constructed situations ant! highly dramatic climaxes, and as the hero Is an American officer and the vitiinn a British major, the sympathy of the hooiu Is easily gained, and as cis 1 held to the end. Most of the war Is waged oft the stage. - but Its atmosphere is trans ferred to the footlights by the ur.tfirjn of the Colonial and Br.tish trocjs. and there are plentiful ailuslony to what is going on outside to keep the audience In that pleasurable condition known as "breathless suspense." The H.3slan troops are also much In evidence, ana are kept In that joyous state of con viviality which led to their rude awaken ing when General Washington landed on their side of the Delaware. The star of the company Is Clare Gale, a pretty and winsome young actress, w'jo gives much zest to the love scenes in which she and her American lover arc the chief actors. B. A. Lamar enacts tns role of Wilfred Fairfax, a Captain In the Continental army, with conslocisb.e skill, and William Monroe is sufficient as Major Carleton, British cfticer and ah round vll.tan. The remainder of the cast meets the requirements of the drama. The play Is well staged, and very hand somely costumed. It will run al; the week. "QUEEN OF HAYTI." Colored Entertainers Piny to Two Good IIoukcr nt the Fiji leer. "The Queen of Hayti." a musical hodge podge, composed of a large number of colored entertainers of varying ability, returned to the Baker yesterday after noon, and played to two good audiences before the day was out. The many songs, dances and lively specialties which com pose the entertainment are all well put on, following one another rapidly, ana judging from the applause they received they gave very general satisfaction. The show Is divided Into three parts, the first and last acts being a comedy eketch Into which the whole company enters with much interest, and out of which they extract considerable merri ment. The star of the vaudeville pro gramme Is Kraton, the hoop juggler, whose feats are really mnarkab'c. The vGrundys and Vaughncr contribute some Interesting knockabout work. Kirk, as the musical tramp, docs some eccentric comedy eccentrically, and the Shcrrah quartette sings some gocd sonre. A num ber of the songs are new, and there are many good voices in the company, beside plenty of passably good-looking girls and light-footed dancers of both sexes. The costuming Is attractive, and In gooa taste. The show will run all the week. COMING ATTRACTIONS. Csuitntn. nt the Mnruuam Tnexilny. Rehearsals are now In progress for the cantata, "The Four-Leaf Clover," which is to be given at the Marquam Tuesday night, for the benefit of the free bath fund. The children who will take part are said to be doing unusually good work, and their Instructors premise that the perfoimance will be little like the or dinary amateur cantata. The costuming and staging will be given careful atten tion. Woodmen of the World Entertain ment. Thursday night, January 30, the Mar quam Grand will be turned over to the Woodmen of-thc World and their friends, and "The Senator's Wife," a society drama in four acts, will be presented by a specially selected company, under the stage direction of Percy H. Levin, The play deals with life In tho National Cap- ltaI and the Is woven about a j of poUtlcal imriguc. and the old. yet ev plot er new, story that has been told by bra- men to fair maids since the first sun dawned. Murray nzxtl Mnclc. Murray and Mack, in the second edition of their latest farce, "Shooting the Chutes," are announced as the attrac tion at the Marquam Grand Theater next Friday and Saturday nights, with o. mati nee Saturday. "Shooting the Chutes" has no serious Intent cither in dialogue or music. The piece was constructed to amuse for an evening. Murray and Mack are, of course, the principal un-mnkers, and they have In their support Messra. Gus Plxley. James T. Fanson, Edward West, E. D. Jolly, Robert F. Graham, Edward Powers, Frank Slddell, the Misses Kittle Beck, Lillian Durham, Blanche Creago, Kathryn B. Roberts. Adeline Mann. Francis Gliroy, Etta Fran cis and a chorus of 25. Mnnnirer Bnkcr'x Announcement. George L. Baker, of the Baker Theater, announces that he lnnuguarate next Sun day afternoon, February 2, the season of vaudeville he has long promised his patrons. Mr. Baker says he will offer a bill that has never been equalled in the city, and feels confident that his efforts In securing It will be approved by local playgoers. Cause of Queer Lefrlmlntloii. Boston Herald. They are telling a story of William H. Crane to the effect that when he was last In London he was invited to dine at tho House of Commons restaurant, and his host ordered a bottle of Irish whisky, from which he poured frequently and co piously. "Say." said Mr. Crane, "do all you En glish statesmen partake as liberaliy and as frequently of that liquid as this?" "Wo do," said the host. "Well, all I've got to remark Is that I'm not surprised that the Boer war contin ues," said Mr. Crane. It Seemed u Pity. Puck Cassldy Phere are yez going In thot new suit? Casey Ol'm going to ask old man Flan r.igan for his daughter's hand. Cassldy Th' dlvil! Ut seems a pity to ruin a new suit that way. FOREIGN XOTES OF INTEREST. Every year 20,000 Spaniards emigrate to South America. Rome Is to bo electrically lighted with power from the Marmore Falls, 70 miles distant. Mount Itewenzorl. In equatorial Africa. 1 about 20,000 feet high, haH SO mile.? of glacIeM and Is nearly always cloud covered. The Increase In Germany's customs receipt. from Klaochau last year was 28 per cent. The total sum, however, was only S7O.00O. Belgium has a place where alcoholl: drlnka are sold for every 30 persons; Prussia one for ISO; Austria for 220; Rui!a for 01; Norway for 52.000. Since the middle of November last Paris has a Russian high school, at which most of the university branches are taught, some of them by eminent Russian fugitives or rest dents. Shopkeepers In Kabul have been warned by the Amir that during the cold weather tbf prlcfH of necessities, such as foodstuffa, wood and charcoal, must not be raised by more than 5 per cent. A native of Basel. Switzerland, has donated to the local university SC0.000 francs for the founding of chairs of critical theology, philos ophy and biology, which are to be free from all Interference by church or state. Ouhong Tahan, the highest mountain In the Malay Peninsula, has been ascended by John Waterstradt. who states that Its height is G000 feet. Hitherto all attempts to attain the sum mit have been unsuccessful. Emperor William's sudden warm friendship for the United States may be due to a belated regret for the German Unfriendliness mani fested when we were at war with Spain. Let us give him the benefit of the doubt. If he Is playing selfish politics we'll discover the truth , la time to prevent injury. NOTE AND COMMENT. C-Id en-yh f-r y-u? Look out for plumbera In political this year. , Why doesn't some one go out and look for a chinook? This Is certainly an excellent imitation of strenuous weather. Our old friend3 Tom and Jrry are again enjoying much popularity. The new year la nearly a month old. and very bright for its age. Th!3 is one time of year when asphalt streets are avoided like the plague. Every one who was up at 7 o'clock with a snow shovel please hold up his right hand. Luclcy Is the householder whose furnace doesn't take an afternoon out whenever the servant girl does. All the terms of Miss Stone's release have been agreed upon, but the term of her detention remains Indefinite. Chicago has gone as wild over Schley as she did over Dewey. A sailor never lacks for a breezy day in Chicago. Chicago's Council threatens to put a limit on the height of her sky-scrapers. Eighty-seven stories ought to be reason able. Perhaps John L. Sullivan Is playing Le grec In "Uncle Tom's Cabin" because In that way he can ttnd some one he can whip. It Is to be hoped that no step3 will be taken to kceo the Indian women from painting their faces. There Is no need oi provoking a war unnecessarily. The Boston Transcript says that this Ii what happens to Ophelia when Hamlet is done Into French for Thomas' opera, and then turned back into English: My husband Hamlet Is, and as for me, 1'ir Ophelia. If he betrays his faith. I my reason shall lose. Conan Doyle's pamphlet, "The War Its Cause and Conduct." was published, Its author admits, for the explicit purpose of meeting the accusations which have been circulated on the Continent regarding the British conduct of the Boer war. To this end Dr. Doyle's full statement of facts and he has collected -much evidence Is to be translated into various languages. He means to have this done anyhow, but has announced that funds sent to him for the propaganda will enable It to be done more thorougnly. The tenacity with which German soldiers adhere to the practice of dueling as a cus tom of the service Is surprising, in view of the strenuous attempts made at various times to suppress It. The present Em peror of Germany established the court of honor to restrict duclfng within as nar row limits as possible, but this court ap pears to have accomplished little. Frederick the Great of Prussia was a bit ter opponent of dueling, and he found a means of suppressing It. Finding that the practice was increasing In his army, Frederick issued an order directing the summary punishment of any officer en gaging in a duel without his consent. Soon after.jconsent was asked by an officer of rank, and graciously granted, on condi tion that His Majesty shouldbe- notified , of the time and place of the "meetlug When the belligerents arrived on "the" ground they found the Emperor there be fore them and seated near a newly-erected gibbet. When the challenger asked the meaning of this, he was answered: "Jt means, sir, that I Intend to witness your battle until one of you has killed the other and then I will hang the survivor." This duel was off at once. An English publication gives the follow ing answers taken from school examina tion papers: "Of whom was it said: He never smiled again' 7 "William Rufus did this after he was shot by the arrow." "Henry VIII was a very good King. He liked plenty of money, he had plenty of wives and died of ulcers In the lees." "Edward HI would have been King of France If his mother had been a man." "Alexander the Great was born In the absence of his parents." "What Is a watershed?" "A shed for keeping water In." "A watershed Is a house between two rivers so that a drop of water falling on one side of the roof runs Into one river and a drop on the other side goes Into the other river." "The battle of Waterloo was fought off Cape Trafalgar. Nelson led up one squad ron and Colllngwood the other. When It 'was over Wellington rode over the field by moonlight and met Blucher, the French General, and they shgok" hands ,and were friends ever after '..i "The principal products of Kent are archbishops of Canterbury." "The chief clause in Magna Charta was that no free man should be put to death or imprisoned without his own consent." "Where were the Kings of England crowned?" "On their heads." "What do you know of Dryden and Buckingham?" "Dryden and Buckingham were at first friends, but soon became con temporaries." "What is Milton's chief work?" "Milton wrote a sensible poem called "The Can terbury Tal's." 'The gamut Is a musical scale. The name is derived from gamut or catgut, the material from which the strings of muslc- al instruments used to be made." "A palimpsest is a disease among cat tle In South Africa." GOSSIP FOR. READERS OF BOOKS. The poetry of Arthur Symonds, In two vol umes, la among the publishers' announcements for February Frances Hodgson Burnett Is writing a sequel to "The Making of a Marchioness." It Is to be three times as long as the original, and 13 entitled "The Methods of Lady Walderhurst." "The Riddle of the Universe," by Professor Ernst Haeck"!, of the University of Jena, has sold 14,000 copies in Germany alone. In Amer ica also the book has proved a popular suc cess. "David Harum" has kept one press busy al most continuously since Its first publication; In all K17.000 copies have been printed. Includ ing three different orders during December, two for MOo each, and a. supplementary one for 2CO0. Mme. de Sevlzne is to have a monument, the little town of Grlgtian having commis sioned, the sculptor Coutan to execute a bust of the charming Frenchwoman, to be set In front of what remains of her son-In-law' chateau at Grignan. A pocket edition of the novels of George Meredith Is In proccc3 of publication; six vol umes are now ready. Including "The Egoist" and "The 'Ordeal of Richard Feverel." There are to be 15 volumes In the complete edition; the Scrlbncrs are the publishers. General Sheridan's autobiography did not In clude the closing yeans of his life, stopping as It did In 1871; his brother, Michael V. Sheri dan, has brought the work down to the Gen eral's death. In 1SSS. and the new enlarged edi tion Is now ready; the title la 'Personal Memoirs of Philip Henry Sheridan"; D. Apple- ton & Co., the publishers.