Morning Oregonian., October 28, 1901, Page 2, Image 2

THE 3I0ENING OEEGONIAN, . MONDAY,
OCTOEER
58, 1901.
M'KINLEY MEMORIAL ARCH
XATXOXAXi ASSOCIATION ISSUES A
STATEMEXT TO THE PUBLIC.
Contributors to .the Fund "Will Be
Slembers Appeal for Sjabacrlp
V tions From All Classes.
WASHINGTON. Oct. 27.-The "William
"HcKinley Rational Memorial Arch As
sociation today Issued this statement to
the" public:
"'President McKinley's memory is en
shrined in the hearts of his countrymen.
But their unexampled affection demands
-expression in a material memorial, Na
tional In character, to be erected at the
National capital, the scene of his greatest
labors and achievements. The William
McKlnley National Memorial Arch Asso
ciation has been incorporated under the
laws of the District of Columbia to meet
this desire by the erection of a National
.memorial arch in honor of President Mc
Klriley in the City of "Washington, by
National popular subscription. President
Roosevelt has accepted honorary mem
bership in the organization.
"It is proposed to place the memorial
.arch preferably at the Washington ap
proach of the memorial bridge across the
Potomac, connecting Washington with
(Arlington, -which President McKlnley
earnestly desired and recommended to
'Congress as a monument to American
'patriotism.
"Contributors to Its fund -will be made
jmembers of the William McKlnley Na
tlonal Memorial Arch Association.- The
'treasurer, Hon. X,yman J. Gage,, Secre
tary of the Treasury of the United States,
("Washington, D. C, -will receive all con
'trlbutlons and "will forward certificates
jof membership to all contributors. Con
tributions of money may be handed to
'Postmasters, managers of telegraph, tele
! phone and express offices or deposited
'with banks or other financial Institutions
land newspapers. They are hereby auth
i orlzed and requested to receive and trans
jmit contributions to the treasurer. The
'association heartily invites and confident
ly expects the co-operation of the Gover
nors of states and territories, the May
fors of cities and all other public officials,
Jof the press and country, of the churches,
! colleges and schools and of all organized
(citizens, and requests that they will take
'immediate action to promote its objects
Jby making and securing subscriptions.
1A11 communications, except remittances,
Ishould ba addressed to Thomas P. Walsh,
'secretary, Washington, D. C.
"The association Is in entire sympathy
Jwith the proposition to erect a suitable
i.-.lol a. Into "Proslflpnt at TiIk
'grave in Canton, O."
GROWTIfG FILI.ER. TOBACCO.
Agricultural Department Experts
Huntinpr for Proper Soil.
"WASHINGTON, Oct. 27. Secretary
Wilson announced today that experts of
Hhe Agricultural Department will hunt
all over the United States and Its new
possessions for conditions favorable to the
cultivation of the filler tobacco, such as
is now raised in Cuba, so that if possible
all the filler tobacco used In this country
eventually may be raised within the
boundaries of the United States.
"Wo have succeeded In finding In this
country," says he, "the conditions under
which all the wrapper tobacco we need
can be raised here and experts of the
Department of Agriculture for the first
time are seeking soils adaptable to the
cultivation of the fine filler product. Land
-will be selected In all our new Island pos
sessions with a view to ascertaining how
and under whit conditions the filler
product can be puilt up."
CRITICAL STAGE PASSED.
Industrial Situation in Germany
Seems .to J3e Improving.
BERLIN. -Oct. 27. Last week the bourse
had a quiet and uneventful experience,
with no considerable changes of quota
tions in any department. Several weeks
mow having passed without fresh revela
tions of business disaster, the opinion is
gaining ground that the most critical stage
of the economic disease has been passed.
Accordingly, industrial securities fairly
maintained quotations throughout the
week. Although the Cologne Volks
Zeltung denies that the German
iron industry shows the slightest improve
ment in any branch, the most recent sales
in Great Britain and the United States
have made a good Impression. The
Boursen Courier learns that the Ameri
cans have recently taken 15,000 additional
tons of spiegelisen.
Referring to the situation hi the United
States, the Frankfurter Zeltung says:
"It is a favorable factor for our indus
,try that the American iron works are
unusually weir employed, and scarcely
able to take further orders. Naturally
this reduces the other sharp competition
of the United States in the markets of the
world, and gives the German industry a
ireer field. It l sa striking fact that Ger
jman workers have secured a large order
4n Cuba, which is a. natural market for
,the United States. However, the fact
should be emphasized that the price which
German manufacturers conceded leaves
little, If any, profit." v
American railroad shares were firmly
held throughout the week until yester
'day, especially Northern Pacific, upon the
'strength of the expected combination, but
yesterday they were heavily offered in
consequence of the latest advices from
New York, Northern Pacific closing at
102&. Canadian Pacific closed at 10B.
The statement of the Reichsbank yester
day, showing an Improvement in the note
Teserve of 101,000,000 marks, made a good
impression, but it did not influence quo
tations. The National Zeltung says the
bank has received 25,000,000 marks in Brit
ish gold during the last five weeks.
The monthly settlement has begun under
easy money conditions. The remaining
47,000,000 marks of the Russian rallway
loan of 0,000,000 marks will be subscribed
Wednesday next.
The trade statistics for September show
imports aggregating 3,953,539 toni., or a
decrease of 376.1S7 tons, and exports of
2,785,575 tons, or an Increase of 72,126 tons.
It is announced that the International
zinc price arrangement has been frustrat
ed, owing: to the refusal of the Silesian
concerns' to restrict production.
LOXDOX STOQK EXCHANGE.
JIaney Market the Feature of the
Situation.
LONDON, Oct. 27. The stock exchange
had another dull experience last week,
without any appreciably brighter outlook
or the near future. The money market
was the most interesting feature of the
situation. The threatened drain of gold
la Paris materialized, and the open, mar
ket rate responded, advancing fjjwn 234
to 3. A considerable quantity of gora was
.taken out of the bank, creating some pop
ular demand, and an increase in the of
Sclal rate of discount. In view of the fact
that the gold reserve is now under 25,
1505,000, an advance In the rate is very
probable, but there is nothing to indicate
when it will be made.
The same factors whjch deterred specu
lation in the week previous continued to
operate last week. Chief among these
was the South African situation, every
heavily censored cable from that point
being eagerly scanned in the hope of fa
vorable developments, but in some in
stances without result. An instance of
the way South African news is being
"doctored" for the benefit of the public
and the stock exchange was afforded when
the papers all announced in large head
lines that one column had brought In 250
prlsbners to Klerksfiop, October 17. Fol
lowing this sensation was a Cape Town
message saying that the net result of
sweeping operations by fourxjr five British
columns through the Rustenburg region
during the five months prior to October
17 had been the capture of 250 fugitives, 37
of -whom had guns.
The public, however, remains aloof from
the stock exchange, leavlngv the profes
sional to scalp fractions out of one an
other. Home rails continued fairly firm
during the week, and Americans furnished
some "interest, rising In response to New
York quotations, but there was little
actual trading. Consols, always a re
liable barometer, fell 1 11-16 points.
FAULT INERADICABLE.
Ship Subsidy Bill Wrong in Essen
tial Principles.
Philadelphia Times.
The fault with the Frye-Hanna-Payne
bill is ineradicable unless all the essen
tial principles of the measure be aban
doned. The opposition to it Is based on
the general proposition of paying large
taxes from the people for the subsidiza-J
tlon of an -Industry which already ap
pears to be very profitable. Our yards
never were so busy. We have never .be
fore in our history built warships for
Russia. We have never turned out larger
merchant vessels. Until within a year
or two there was no such craft afloat as
an American "tramp." Our steel plates
are exported to Great Britain and are
used by builders In the shipyards on the
Clyde. There are no poor or bankrupt
shipbuilders or shipowners in the United
States today. They are so prosperous
that they can with no grace plead for
alms from the American taxpayer, who
is obliged to make his own living without
Uncle Sam's aid, and who perceives no
reason why a man In the shipping trade
should not subject himself to the same
natural law. The owner of ships is en
titled to one favor from this Govern
ment, and that is the privilege of pur
chasing vessels in the cheapest market.
When Congress gives him that permit he
will have all he needs and all he ought
to have as an American citizen.
MARINE KEWS.
A Rough Passage.
VANCOUVER, B. C, Oct. 27. The
steamer Capllano, Captain Williams, ar
rived from Port Simpson this morning
after one of the roughest passages ever
encountered by that vessel. A snow storm
raged for two days. At Inverness, the
Anglican church building and the public
school were blown over and other dam
age, waa done at various places.
Three Bearing Sea Sealers.
VICTORIA, B. C, Oct. 27. The sealing
schooners Fawn, Annie E. Paint and E. B.
Marvin, returned today from Behring Sea,
the former with 304 skins, the second
with 642, and the latter with 4S9 skins,
three of which were branded. All experi
enced heavy weather from Unimak.
Domestic and Foreign Ports.
ASTORIA, Oct 27. Arrived, at S P. M.,
and left up at 10:30, steamer Columbia,
from San Francisco. Arrived at 10:30 A.
M., barkentine Tarn o Shanter, from San
Francisco, for Knappton. Arrived down
at 12 noon, German bark Favorlta. Left
up at 3 P. M., British ship Barfillan. Out
side at .5 P. M unknown steamer.
Condition of the bar at 5 P. M., obscured;
wind south; weather foggy.
San Francisco, Oct. 27. Arrived Steam
er Tltania, from Nanaimo; steamer Santa
Barbara, from Whatcom; steamer Geo.
W. Elder, from Portland; steamer News
boy, from Gray's Harbor; steamer Mat
teawan, from Tacoma. Sailed Ship W.
B. Macy, for Port Gamble; bark Levi
G. Burgess, for Tacoma; schooner C. S.
Holmes, for Tacoma.
Tacoma, - Oct 27. Arrived Steamship
Olymnja, from China and Japan;" bark
Galena, from Royal Roads. Sailed United
States transport Egbert, for Seattle;
United States steamer Columbine, for'As
toria. New York, Oct 27. Arrived La Cham
pagne, from Havre: Nord Ameritta, from
Genoa and Palermo; Potsdam, from Rot
terdam. Sailed Hawaiian, for San Fran
cisco, via Honolulu.
Lizard, Oct 27. Passed Steamer Kai-'
ser Wllhelm der Grosse, from New York
,for Plymouth, Cherbourg and Bremen.
Cape Spartel, Oct. 27. Passed out
Steamer Lahn, from New York for Gib
raltar. Lizard, Oct 27. Passed Steamer Min
nehaha, from New York for London;
steamer Pennland, for Philadelphia.
Isle of Man, Oct. 27. Passed Steamer
Sarmatian, from Montreal for Glasgow.
Moville, Oct. 27. Arrived Steamer Pa
risian, from Montreal and Quebec, for
Liverpool and proceeded.
Gibraltar, Oct 27 Sailed Steamer Um
bria, from Liverpool for New York.
Yokohama Arrived prior to October 27
Steamer Peru, from San Francisco via
Honolulu.
Tiro Kinds of Tariff Revision,
San Francisco Bulletin.
The apparent movement of public opin
ion in the direction of reciprocity has not
changed Chairman Babcock's purpose to
bring up his no-tarlff-for-trusts bill when
Congress meets. Mr. Babcock is easily
found by Washington Interviewers, and
he .freely states his reasons for preferring
tariff. revision by the two houses of Con
gress to treaty tariffs negotiated by the
State Department and ratified by the Sen
ate. Tariff revision by Congress, he says,
keeps constantly in view the interests of
this country, while tariff revision by
treaty is a bargain to which there are
two parties. It is the duty of the other
party to the treaty to get as much as he
can and to give as little as may be. The
other party to the treaty uses his supe
rior knowledge of the condition of indus
tries in his own country, and takes care
that no concessions will be made to their
Injury that can be avoided. The American
negotiator cannot be expected to "hai-e
the Intimate knowledge of the industries
of the several countries with which treat
ies may be formed that each foreign nego
tiator would possess of the industries of
his own country.
Mr. Babcock does not admit that the
enthusiasm with which his no-tarlff-for-trusts
was received last Winter has abat
ed. He does not subscribe to the policy
of selling such staple articles as steel
abroad at less than home prices in order
to get a foothold in foreign markets. If,
for example, we sell steel In England and
Germany at ?1G per ton, and at homo for
$26, the lower price of steel In these com
peting countries will give English and
German manufacturers of steel utensils
and steel instruments a decided advant-
NorthTvest Pensions.
WASHINGTON, Oct 27. Pensions have
been granted as follows:
Oregon Original John Casadaj-, dead,
Portland, $12. Increase, restoration, reis
sue, etc. David Fleming, Oakland, $S;
John C. Giltner, Forest Grove, ?S. Orig
inal widows Mary Casaday, Portland, $8.
Special act, October 7 Arvilla D. Swaine,
Salem, $20.
Washington Increase, restoration, reis
sue, etc. William M. Post, New What
com, $S.
Idaho Original George C. Farr, Boise,
?5; Albert Johnson, Troy, $12.
Shooting: Near Corvallis.
CORVALLIS, Or., Oct 26. A party of
hunters near here today engased in a
quarrel, in which Pier Cooper shot John
Post in the arm. Cooper alleges that he
fired without taking aim, in the hopes
of stopping the auarrel. and had no in
tention of shooting Post. Cooper was
brought to Corvallis this evening, and is
held under $500 bonds.
First of 1001 Oranges for the East.
VISALIA, Cal., Oct 26. The first car
load of this season's oranges were shipped
to New York today from Porterville. The
car was decorated, as it was a record
breaker for the state.
FOUGHT HIS WAY CLEAR
THRILLING CHASE OF A DESPER
ADO AT XASHVILIiE.
Officers Unable to Arrest a Man Sus
pected, of the Great Northern
Robbery in Montana.
NASHVH.L.E, Term., Oct. 27. A- des
perate man fought his way clear of two
city defectives here today and, after a
thrilling chase, made good his escape. In
his race for liberty he utilized a two
horse wagon, a horse and buggy and a
riding horse, all forcibly taken, while two
dead bloodhounds mark the first portion
of his trail. Officers believe the man is
one of the gang that hold up the Great
Northern express near Wagner, Mont.,
J"e- attempt to get change for
a ?20 bill of the series secured In. that rob
bery attracted the attention of the po
lice to him.
At 10:30 this morning, a raw-boned man
about 5 feet -10 inches in height, with
florid complexion, offered the bill in pay
ment of a small purchase made at a
-MttHtt $Q
TWO THEATER ORCHESTRA LEADERS.
FRANK VINCENT.
Frank Vincent, the new leader of the"
Marquam orchestra, camo to Portland
from Lima, O., having1 been specially
engaged by Manager Helllg for his new
position. Mr. Vincent was married the
day before he received the news of his
appointment. -He has had a fine mu
sical education, and Ib a violinist of
unusual ability. Mr. Vincent has made
a decided improvement In the orchestra
since taking the leadership, and hopes
still further to Improve it.
ofta-ao4o
store on the public square. Difficulty in
making the change caused the salesman
to notice the bill closely, which proved to
bo on the Montana bank to which the
stolen bills were consigned. The police
were quietly notified, the clerk mean
while delaying the matter of change. De
tectives Dwyer and DIckins were soon on
hand, and, approaching the man demand
ed his name. "Ferguson," was- the reply,
and, after another question or two, De
tective Dwyer informed the man that he
was under' arrest.
Quick as a flash Ferguson held a re
volver In each face and started for the
door. A hand-to-hand fight ensued, bath
officers grappling with the stranger, who
proved more than a match for them.
Using his pistols as clubs, he fought his
way to the door and fled down the street.
A passing ice wagon caught his attention,
and the three negro occupants were soon
out of his way. Then, at a terrific clip
he drove the wagon across the Cumber
land River bridge into East Nashville, a
fusillade of shots following it
Out Woodland street went the flying
team, but a sudden turn brought it to
grief. One of the horses fell and broke
his leg, but the fugitive was not to be de
layed. Running across the street he held
up an old negro who was driving by In. a
huggy, and the flight was continued. Out
into the commons he sped. Once the bug
gy overturned, but was quickly righted.
Finally, the tired horse was abandoned,
and, after a dive into Shelby Park on
foot the supposed bandit secured another
horse, hitched at a point near the parK.
Then after a sensational ride the horse
was left and the flight continued on foot.
Further out the pursuers found two blood
hounds, used in the chase, shot to death
a short distance apart, and, after that
the trace of the man was Jost
The Sheriff with another posse is out
tonight scouring the country for the
missing man. When the buggy was aban
doned, the man threw away a wallet con
taining $1040 In $10 and $20 bills of the
Montana bank. Chief of Police Curran
now has the money.
The woman, Annie Rogers, alias Maud
Williams, arrested here some days . ago
with Montana bank bills in her possession,
Is still held at police headquarters. Every
effort to induce her to talk of herself has
proved ja failure, and she Is now as much
of an enigma as she was the day she was
approached. Tonight she declared she
knew nothing of any man named Fergu
son, refusing to discuss today's affair,
beyond answering direct question in a neg
ative manner.
CAPTURED BY FLANNERY.
Ex-Baseball Player, of Tacoma,
Caught a Montana Desperado.
HELENA, Mont, Oct. 27. The police
tonight captured the highwayman who
held "up the Dewey Saloon In the Hay
market Square last Friday night, after a
running fight and after the man had
been wounded by a shot in the neck. The
officers had been watching the man for
two days and this evening Acting Chief
Farnam followed him into a saloon. As
the man started to leave Farnam said
he wanted him. Instead of stopping, the
man pulled his gun and fired at thp of
ficer, but the shot went wide. Then the
highwayman started to run down Broad
way with the officer in pursuit. Farnam
fired twice, when he slipped and fell.
The pursuit was taken up by Jack
Flannery, lately of the Tacoma baseball
team, and now a special officer here.
Flannery caught the man and a severe
struggle ensued. While it was in pro
gress, Farnam came up and together
they overpowered the man and took him
to jail. It was found ho had been shot
through the neck, but the wound is not
considered dangerous. After his wound
had been dressed, the robber said his
name was Frank Aken and that he lived
in Butte.
"You got the right man, all right," he
said. "I held up the saloon Friday and
I was looking for another one that might
be easy. I also held up the saloon In
Butte Thursday night"
Aken is about 23 years oldand appears
to be a man of education.
Poison Pnt in Their Food.
SOUTH BEND, Ind., Oct. 27. Lying un
conscious in their home in this city, Mrs.
Rebecca Webb and her son Charles, were
found today, evidently suffering from
slow corrosive poisoning. The young
man died tonight and his mother cannot
survive. Grant Webb, a brother of'
Charles, who it Is alleged was prdered
from home several days ago, is under
arrest, and his sister, Cora, aged 20, is
under police surveillance. She says -she'
does not believe Grant poisoned the fam
ily's food. Physicians assert that
Charles Webb died of slow corrosive
poisoning.
Fatal Quarrel Between Ranchers.
TOWNSEND, Mont., Oct. 27. Ben
Kimber,.a well-known rancher, who lives
nine miles below Townsend, came In from
his ranch today and gave himself' up to
Sheriff Pool, saying that, in self-defense,
he had shot and killed a nelghbolng
rancher named Jacob G. Timager. Kim
ber was locked up. According to the story
told by Klmber, he and Timager had
trouble for some time, In consequence of
the latter's attempts to fence off a road
leading to KImber's ranch. Yesterday
afternoon a quarrel ensued which ended
in Kimber emptying two loads of buck
shot into the breast of his neighbor.
A Kentucky Shooting.
MIDDLESBORO, Ky., Oct. 27. George
Mays was killed and Joe Nail was mor
tally wounded last night at the Quarter
House on the Tennessee line. Mays was
killed by Nail, who received his death
wound at the hands of an unknown man.
Several were engaged In the fight. Mays
Is said to have killed several men.
Killed a Boy and Surrendered.
MONTREAL, Oct. 27 "I killed a boy
$$$ Q-Q-Q 0 fr 0 --0-3---6---fr-$-fr-6-$-O
SAM W. DRISCOLL.
Sam Driscoll, leader of Cordray's
Theater orchestra, has been In his pres
ent position for two years, during
which time he has made the orchestra
second to none on. the Coast. Mr. Dris
coll is widely known locally and In the
Northwest as a violinist, and has filled
many Important positions, having been
for a number of years first violin in
the Thomas orchestra. He Is a young
man, and believes In keeping his orches
tra thoroughly up to date, selecting
only the best music, and playing It so
that It will be apreclated.
- ---- -- o e
last night," said Tobin Hanson, a Dane,
25 years of age, to the officer In charge
as he entered the Central Police Station
today. "I killed him for money and I
only got 50 cents. That is not enough,
so I came to give myself up."
Hanson described the locality in which
the deed had been committed and the
police found the boy's body. It was iden
tified as that of Samuel Marotte, a son
of Samuel Marotte, a well-known spice
and coffee merchant.
' Two to Hans on the Gallows.
POPLAR BLUFF, Mo., Oct. 27.
Stephen Clark, white, and Zeb Critc, a
negro, were sentenced to be hanged from
the same gallows here on December 20H
Clark stabbed Alice Giles to death last
June while in a jealous rage. Crite, in
September last, called Thomas Graham
to his door and shot him dead. Will Gat
lin and Ike Torrence, negroes, were ar
rested as accessories and the former was
found guilty of murder in the flrst degree
last night. He will bo sentenced next
week. The jury took only five minutes In
finding Crite guilty.
Jealousy Prompted Murder.
KANSAS CITY, Mo., Oct. 27. Ross
Sheridan, a well-known and highly con
nected young man of Independence, Mo.,
In a fit of jealous rage today shot and
mortally ' wounded "Writ" Berkey, of
Gouda Springs, Kan., 'his rival In the af
fections of Mrs. Clara Williams, at the
Independence depot Mrs. Williams
and Berkey were waiting for a
car when Sheridan stepped up and
without warning opened fire on
Berkey. Mrs. Williams is a divorced
woman. Sheridan, is the son of Mrs. H. L.
Sheridan, a newspaper writer. Berkey's
parents are wealthy.
Ex-Bnnlc OlHcial Arrested.
HALIFAX, N. S., Oct. 27.-Adam A.
Harley, ex-manager of the Bank of Brit
ish North America at Frederickton, N. B.,
was arrested in this city tonight on a
warrant charging him with stealing $6000
belonging to the bank. Two weeks ago he
met two friends from Scotland, and one
of them, it is claimed, gave him $6000 to
deposit Jin the bank. It is alleged he did
not make the deposit. Tonight he was
arrested on a railroad train bound for St.
John.
Chicngro Laborer's Crinie.
CHICAGO, Oct. 27. Because he was de
nied the sight of his two little children,
James Kennedy, a laborer, today mur
dered his wife and killed himself. The
couple were married 12 years ago, but
quarreled recently and separated. Ken
nedy called on his wife today and asked to
see them. She refused, fearing he meant
to take them away.
"Topeka Joe" Located.
TOLEDO, O., Oct 27. J. B. Evans, bet
ter known as "Topeka Joe," the famous
poGtofflce robber, who escaped from jail
here recently, has been located In. the
woods .near Sarnia, Canada, across from
Port Huron, Mich., and a posse of. men
is on his track.
Pension Swindler Fined.
SIOUX FALLS, S. D., Oct. 27. Sarah J.
Flynn, of Lake Preston, S. D., who
pleaded guilty in the United States Court
of making a fraudulent application for
pension, was fined by Judge Harland $1030,
which amount she paid.
Burglaries at Sumpter.
SUMPTER, Or., Oct 25. Despite the
extra precautions put in force by the
city authorities, the swearing in of some
40 special police officers, petty thieves are
plying their vocation. Basche's hardware
store was entered by a burglar during the
night, but he was discovered by a night
policeman, who fired his pistol and fright
ened the would-be burglar. A printing
office was entered and some trivial arti
cles stolen. A freight car in the yards
was broken opep. and a few articles
stolen. Attempted hold-ups are reported
as being numerous.
John B. Hedges Dead.
TACOMA, Oct. 27 John B. Hedges, ex
Treasurer of Pierce County, died today,
aged 45 years. Mr. Hedges was a promi
nent Republican, and took an active
part in politics up to within a few years.
IF IT'S A "GARLAND,"
That's all you need to know about a stove
or range.
'I" iliMfcM
STATE THAT IS IN PAWN
NEVADA CONTROLLED' BY A FEW
CATTLEMEN AND POLITICIANS.
Act of Congress 20 Years Ago Rained
Prospects of State Has Now Ex
pired by Limitation.
CARSON CITY, Nev., Oct 24. The
question is often asked: "What, ,1s" the
matter with Nevada?" with an' area of
71,000,000 acres, 55 per cent of'hls thirty-seven-year-old
state Is still owned by the
federal government. With much fertile
soil, less than 3 per cent of the area is
under fence and only about one-half of 1
per cent is under cultivation. The climate
is unsurpassed, the soil produces .all de
sired and profitable crops, there are farm
ing land, stock ranches, mines, railroads
and eight large streams with their
branches furnish water. Notwithstanding
these advantages population and wealth
have steadily decreased, and during the
past 12 months but 19 homestead filings
wore accredited to Nevada out of the
63,000 or more recorded in the general land
office at Washington from the public land
states.
It Is not difficult at this time to say
just what has hindered the development
of this Western state, for Nevada has
reached a turning point in her history.
There have been minor difficulties such as
competition of California on the west and
Colorado, Utah and other states on the
east, the earlier disinclination of the Cen
tral Pacific Railroad to develop interme
diate territory, aridity of soil and a de
crease in the general prosperity of the
silver-mining interests. The cause of Ne
vada's trouble, however, lies deeper than
this, and may be said to have largely orig
inated In the policy adopted toward that
state by Congress in the disposal of pub
lic land3.
Every public land state, upon being ad
mitted to the Union, has recelyed from
the federal government title to sections
16 and 36 in each township. In every state
this has amounted to a magnificent do
main, and as provided by the enabling
acts of each state, has been leased or sold,
as the case might be, and the revenue
devoted to the public schools-. Nevada
was given this same donation when ad
mitted as a state in 1S64. In the 20 years
folowing admission little attention was
paid to agriculture. The great Comstock
mine of Virginia City furnished nearly all
the material prosperity of the state, and
agriculture, even. In. the form of livestock
raising, was looked upon as a very minor
Industry.
The Matter With Nevada.
In 1880, when in careless or Indifferent
mood. Congress enacted a law at the In
stigation of a few far-seeing Nevada cat
tle men by which the school sections 16
and 3G were taken back into the posses
sion of the United States. In returp for
tins reiuna or land Congress authorized
the state of Nevada to select 2,000.000 acres
of federal land in any part of the state
desired, and as fast as selections have
been made title has been trlvp.n. Tt- !? not
too much to say that from this piece of
legislation has arisen practically all the
ills which have afflicted this Western
commonwealth.
The livestock-growers of the Pacific
Coast were quick to see the advantages
to be obtained under this law, and they
secured the passage of a state law which
made It possible for one man to obtain
control of as much land as he might need
and in such localities as he might choose.
The Nevada legislature enacted a land
law which gave each citizen the right to
buy 640 acres of state land. This privilege
was not confined to residents of 'the state,
and the land was sold only after being
selected by those whb were to buy.
A cattle man desiring to secure control
of a range filed an application with the
state Government for the purchase of 640
acres of land, thi3 land probably being dis
tributed in 40-acre tracts along one or
more of the nu nerous well-watered and
fertile valleys of Nevada. It was not ne
cessary that this cattleman should confine
his application to CIO acres. -however, for
the law allowed him to act as agent for
others; so all he had to do was to use the
names of his family or friends, as the case
might bo, and file applications for as
many 640s as he cared to pay for. The
state law provides that the land shall be
sold for $1 25 an acre. Twenty-five cents
an acre deposit is required at the time of
purchase; the balance is held upon 25
years' time, with 6 per ctn interest, with
the privilege of paying up at any time
the applicant may see fit. The state
land board took no interest in these loca
tions, other than to file application for
the land with the United States Govern
ment, charging the acreage to the 2,000,-O00-acre
grant which had been made by
Congress.
This 2,000.000 acres is now exhausted.
and the people of Nevada have an oppor
tunity to review the workings of this pe
culiar act. They flndthat through its
instrumentality probably one-third of all
the land in the state now under private
ownership has 'passed into the hands of
a few cattlemen, most of them nonresi
dents. Less than a dozen men own over
1,000,000 acres of land, and this in a state
where there are less than 4,000,000 acres
whlchJare not still owned by the United
States Government. So long as this state
law prevailed and Government land could
be secured under the state grant It is ev
ident that no citizen would care to avail
himself of the Federal land laws, such
as the homestead act or the desert act,
with their more onorous conditions to
be fulfilled .before title could be secured.
Nonresidents in Control.
That this is so i9 shown in the records of
the land office, for In 1S90 there were but
three homesteads filed in the entire State
of Nevada, only nine proved upon and not
a single desert land claim, timber claim or
stone claim was filed under the Federal
laws. The state lav made land owner
ship to those who had Influence and con
trol of the water supply too easy for
them to resort to Federal . channels.
Hereafter any citizen obtaining land in
the State of Nevada will be compelled to
secure it under the Federal law, but the
trouble is that under the shrewd distribu
tion of the state holdings all of the wa
ter, all of the fertile valleys and nearly
all of the available range, dependent as
it Is upon water and meadoW, has been
secured by those who manipulated the
state grant
The agricultural population of Nevada
has remained stationary for several
years, owing to this peculiar condition of
land ownership. The population of the
state is now 43,335, a decrease of 3426 in
the past 10 years. There Is a large pro
portion of voters in this population, there
being about 11,660. This is due to the
fact that the mines and ranches employ
an unusually large proportion of single
men. The taxable property of the state
amounts to $30,000,000 and the tax rate is
low. Some of the leading men in Neva
da have spared no effort to Induce immi
gration and to encourage the development
of their state, but they feel almost hope
less, for their work has resulted In prac
tically nothing. The state itself recently
advertised that it would give free title to
all land "which was reclaimed by any one
under the provisions of the Carey act,
by which Congress allowed each of the
arid land states 1,000,000 acres if such land
was Irrigated. There has been no re
sponse to this advertisement and there
will be none, for the land which could
have been Irrigated under the Carey act
or under the desert land act in Nevada
has been gathered In by the great non-1
resident livestock companies of Califor
nia and other places.
Such an economic condition as Is here
represented has resulted in the. notori
ously corrupt condition of politics, which
has made the name of Nevada a byword
throughout the United States. The popu
lation of the state is so small, so large a
proportion of the vote is controlled by a
few men and money plays such an impor-.
tant part in the selection of the office-holders
that men have been elected to Con-
Jg'ress time and again who were not con-'
sidered by the better element of the Ne
vada people as representing the state in
the slightest degree.
Price Of a Senatorshlp.
Responsible .citizens speak bitterly of
the two non-resident Senators. It Is open
ly, 'charged that the United Stated Sena
torships of Nevada are merely matters
of' purchase and sale, the market price
ranging from SSO.000 to $100,000. That
there is a change coming in the near fu
ture Is apparent even on the surface. Ne
vada, while not gaining materially or in
fact any at all In population. Is gaining
ba stability of. her citizenship and the
character of her wealth. Her people are
beginning to realize that If they were
honestly and fully represented in Wash
ington they would have enormous advan
tage over the citizens- of other states in
the preponderance of their representa
tion. Representative' Newlands is a. candidate
for the Senatorshlp to succeed Senator
Jones, whose successor will be elected
by the Legislature which meets next year.
Senator Stewart has recently been re
elected for a new term, but with much
greater difficulty than he has ever en
countered fiefore. He is no longer popu
lar in the state and if It were his term
of office which expires next year there
would bo no question as to the success
of Representative Newlands In his Sen
atorial campaign.
Senator Jones la stronger with the -Nevada
people than Senator Stewart, and
this additional strength casts some doubt
upon the possible outcome of the Senator
ial contest. Repreipfcitative Newlands Is
in fact a resident, of Nevada, and a large
property-owner in the state. He has
shown great activity in furthering the
interests - of the state before Congress,
and is looked upon as the probable suc
cessor of Senator Stewart if he fails In
his campaign against Senator Jones.
. It is Impossible for an outsider to re
alize fully how widespread and how deep
into the affairs of this commonwealth
has spread the malevolent Influence of
this 2,O00,0CO-acre land grant. It has
stopped the operation of the Federal land
laws. It has given the fertile valleys
and meadows and the entire water supply,
of Nevada into the hands of men who
have no desire to utilize it except for the
feeding and watering of livestock; it has
checked immigration, corrupted politics,
decreased the population, and, in fact,
to its door may be laid practically all the
troubles which have cctne to Nevada since
the decline of her great silver mining
camp. In this it constitutes an answer
to the question, "What is the matter with
Nevada?" Thi3 may be used as a hor
rible example of what might happen else
where if Congress should cede the Federal
lands to the various states. The cause
has ceased to exist by reason of exhaust
ing the land grant, but the effects still
remain, and it will take Nevada a gen
eration or two to get well started In the
right direction.
At present the United States land office
at Carson City has jurisdiction over more
territory and does less buslness.than. any
other land office in the country. It wa9
'put out of business by the state. The
state has administered its land trust so
as to seriously retard progress, and the
state officials brag of a $150,000 annual
school fund as a compensating result.
The Federal Government will now resume
its jurisdiction over all public land avail
able for settlement, but will be compelled
to create a new water supply by storage
systems to take the place of that corraled
by the users of the state grant before the
public lands can be homestcaded by the
people as Is Intended.
J. D. WHELPLEY.
THE BLIGHTED SOUTH.
The TVoes Unnumbered" Caused by
Booker Washington.
Chicago Tribune.
The editor of the Memphis Commercial
Appeal mourns as one who is beyond the
reach of consolation. He says with deep
regret that the act of President Roose
velt in inviting Booker T. Washington to
dine with him is "the direful spring of
woes unnumbered" for the South. Their
eating at the same table "means less freer
dom of thought for Southern people, less
freedom of action, more "and greater sub
jection to the will of political leaders,
more machine tyranny and tyrannical
machinations on the part of the office
holding class, less opportunity for the
purification and elevation of our politics,
more partisanry and less statesmanship,
more blind, obedience and less independent
investigation, more party rule and the ex
tinction of the individual."
If President Roosevelt had suspected
that these were to be the sad conse
quences of his asking an estimable col
ored man to dine with him he would
have refrained from doing so. The Pres
ident is a kind-hearted man. Certainly
he would not wish to check the advance
of the Southern people towards freedom of
thought and action or political independ
ence. Presumably he, like other Intelli
gent men, will decline to believe that the
prospects of the South really have been
blasted and its progress arrested.
It will be curious, Indeed, if the po
litical and moral development of the
Southern people can be arrested by a
Presidential invitation to dinner. It has
beer, supposed that the white men of the
South were the masters of their own
destinies, but if the Commercial Appeal
Is to be believed their destinies are in
fluenced powerfully by the place where a
colored man by the name of Washington
gets his dinner. That modest colored man
must be surprised to learn that he is
as Important an individual as an excited
Southern editor would make him out to
be.
It is to be regretted that so many es
timable and able Southern men are so
lacking In a sense of humor.
The Native Cemetery, Malacca.
National Review.
The Makam is that vast native cemetery
in which it is the desire of every Panang
Malay to find his last resting place. It
covers many acres of ground, and the
little nesan, or headstones, rise every
where through the rank growths that
cover the frultfuL soli. A few trees stand
here and there, trees with thick, fat
leaves, soft and flabby to the touch, of
the kind called "spoons" by the Malays,
because their shape is not unlike that of
a flat rice ladle. Occasionally the grave
of a rala. a noble or a man of wealth is
marked by a headstone upon which some
pious words or Arabic invocation have
been rudely carved; some others are
"Beauty is but skin
deep " was probably meant
to disparage beauty. In
stead it tells how easy
that beauty is to attain.
"There is no beauty
like the beauty of health"
was also meant to dis
parage. Instead it encour
ages beauty.
Pears' Soap is the means
of health to the skin", and
so to both these sorts of
beauty.
Sold all over the world.
Down
Run
Then don't expect to bfe
cured in a minute 1 It takes
a little time to get your blood
pure and rich. We haven't
room to explain. Just ask
your doctor why Ayer's Sar
saparilla is such a good
medicine for debility, weak
nerves, and indigestion. i
" I was very poorly and could hardl)
get about the house. Then I tnec
Ayer's Sarsapariila, and only two bot
tles of it rrwide me feel perfectly well.
Mrs. N. S. Swinney, Princeton, Mo
squared roughly: but for the most part
the graves have no other ornament than
a round piece of water-worn granite pro
truding only a few inches above the sur
face of the ground, or a rudely carved
wooden peg leaning crazily to one aid?.
Two or three of the graved have tumble
down erections built over them, by the
piety of the surviving relatives of him.
who lies beneath. Their devotion, how
ever, has not been equal to the task of
keeping their work in repair, and the
decaying uprights and cross-pieces have
the appearance of a pile of spelicans.
Traces may be noted In other parts of the
cemetery of spasmodic attempts to fence
In some of the graves, but these have
long been abandoned as Utopian. On one
raja's grave may be seen a huge iron
four-posted bedstead, which Oriental wis
domdoubtless after long and anxlc;3
discussion has as length devoted to what
Its owner conceived was the end for which
it waa originally fashioned. Rude hut3
with the grasses and creepers clinging
about their knees, and these are built by
the desire of the dead who have left
money behind them for the purpose to
accommodate the priests and holy men
who come to chant verses of the Kuran
during the quiet night time, that tae
souls of the departed may rest In piece.
All the graves, from those of the Kings
who ruled the land to those of the
peasants who tilled the soli, are name
less; and thus, when a man has lain
beneath the sod for a year or two, even
those of his kindred who held him most
dear are unable to say with certainty
where their brother lies buried.
LIpion's BnxIncH Suiters.
Louisville Courier-Journal.
When a man goes from business to so
ciety the natural inference is that his
business will suffer. This appears to be
the opinion of a great many of the aristo
cratic friends of Sir Thomas LIpton, who
has been winning golden opinions as a
yachtsman, even if he cannot win races.
At any rate, the London correspondent of
the New York Herald cables his paper
the news that the following notabilities
have got rid of all the stock they once
held in his incorporated business: The
Speaker of the House of Commons, who
held 1000 shares; the Duke of Fife, 10;
Lord Rothschild, 5000; Lord Selborne, 1300;
Mr. Kennedy Jones, 2000; Mr. Arnold Mor
ley. 1230, T. P. O'Connor. M. P.. 1000;
Eustace Jamieson. jr. P.. 1000; Tim Healy,
31. P., 750; Panmure Gordon, 1CC0; A. G.
Murphy. M. P.. 10CO; Clement Scott. 730;
the Earl of Portsmouth, 500; Harold
Harmsworth. 200; besides a host of others
ranging from ICO to 2000 shares each. On
the other hand, Sir Thomas retains hl3
old holdings of 333,433 shares out of the
entire 500.0CO. and some of his close per
sonal friends are said to have increased
the amount of their shares. It Is to bo
hoped Sir Thomas is not like Boston's
own yachtsman, Thomas Lawsor, who
has ruined about all the men that listened
to his business advice, while at the S3mc
time cutting a . conspicuous figure in thPt
yachting and horse world. Investors in?
the Lipton company at the start have
made a great deal of money.
9
The annual automobile race called the
"Course du Catalogue," which waa run this
year between Melun. Nangia and Valence, was
curious in the face that, instead o the ve
hicles being classed according to weight and
capacity, they were classed according- to cata
logue price.
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