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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Sept. 30, 1901)
THE 'r'VRNING OBEGONIAN, MONDAY, SEPTEMBER 30, 1001 HOW PRUNES ARE GROWN 2KORTHWESTERX 3IETH0DS COM- Substitute, Wanted for Italian Prune More Care RcaItte In Grad ing: and Packing:. WASHINGTON, Sept 25. The Depart "moBt of Agriculture is about to issue a xepert on prune culture in Western Berope, with especial reference to exist ing conditions in the Pacific Northwest. This report is the work of Professor Ed ward B. Lake, in charge of the Oregon Agricultural College, who, at the request of the department, spent a large part of the Summer of 1S00 in Europe gathering data. The department recognized that the prune Industry of the Pacific Northwest, while prosper ous, was lacking In several particulars, and through Professor Lake, hopes to give some valuable assistance to prune growers. The following extracts are niade from Professor Lake's report, es pecially as showing the shortcomings of Northwestern prunes, and the merits of European methods which surpass those naw practiced In Oregon, Washington and Idaho: "The prune Industry is today the fore most pomological interest of the Pacific Northwest. Beginning with a few trees planted by the late Henry Miller, at Mil waukie. Or., in I860, and a commercial orchard planted near Portland by Dr. J. B, Cardweli. in 1S7L the plantings have Increased until at present there are ap proximately 50,000 acres of commercial prune orchards In these three states. The estimated value of this acreage, with equipment, is $20,000,000. Of this acreage at least 2 per cent Is of the variety known -as Agen, or French, and the remainder, or S3 per cent, is of the variety known as the Italian prune, and it is with this lat ter variety that this report has especially to deal. There are various other varie ties grown in small quantities in an experi mental way in this section, but as yet only the two above mentioned, together with a .so-called Silver prune, are of commer cial importance. This latter variety is rapidly passing out of commerce; in fact, the trade journals in 1900, almost to a unit, did not give quotations on this fruit. It is generally estimated that a light crop of prunes for the Pacific Northwest for the year 1901 would yield approximately 30.803,000 pounds of the evaporated pro duct, while a full crop would be not less than three times that amount. On the basis of the prices received for the crop of 1SO0, the Petites being Included In the estimate, an average crop ought to yield not far from $2,500,000 per year, on a basis of the present acreage. It is quite prob able that the income would be much larg er if all the crop, taking one year with another, could be saved and the product put upon the market in a uniformly high grade style. With the rapid increase in bearing acreage since 1891-95 there has fcoen a decided decline in the average mar ket price of the product. No longer do the growers receive the large prices 8 and 12 cents per pound that were received in the decade from 1880 to 1S90; still, the present prices, which are somewhat high er than for the past three years (the av erage being 4 cents per pound for the crop of Italians of 1900), yield a fair re muneration. As the marketable output ias increased and ihe-prlce declined, pro ducer and dealer alike have turned their attention to the problems of Improve ment in quality and extension of markets. Among the first phases of the subject to attract their attention have been the -various problems relating to the proper cur ing of the crop. The chief difficulty In the way of Improvement lies not so much with the methods of curing as with cer tain rather undesirable characteristics of the leading variety itself. The climatic conditions of the Pacific Northwest are --6h. fehat usually the early Autumn rains begin, in one section or another, before the prune crop is more than half harvest ed, resulting not infrequently in the loss of much fruit by bursting, as well as re tarding the work of harvesting and in creasing the cost of evaporating. The Italian is also a shy hearer, taking one year with another, a feature that is prob ably due, in large measure, to the self steritity of its pollen, though occasionally it would seem to be due to the preva lence of cold, wet weather at the time of blossoming. In the meantime those who have been looking for increased market facilities have ascertained that in some sections exception Is taken to the cured fruit of this variety of prune on several points, viz., toughness of skin, tartness of flavor, large size of pit, etc. "With these several objections in mind together with the Jact that the Italian "has been found subject to malady --hich manifests itself in a distortion of the foilage, local ly callod "curl," which threatens to be a more or less serious handicap in the cultivation of this variety, the more pro gressive growers have been gradually com ing to the conclusion that a variety other than the Italian must be found for this section If the best results with this crop are to be obtained. "The Italian has been characterized as the 'lazy man's tree' because it rarely, if ever, sets so much fruit that the opera tion of thinning seems desirable. TVhllc this quality formerly commended ihp va riety, growers are now generally express ing a desire for a more prolific tree which at the fame time will yield a fruit of the same type and possess the desirable qual ities of the Italian. "With a view to ascertaining whether there are any European varieties that possess the desired qualities, or part of them, and are therefore worth Introducing into the Pacific Northwest, a study of the prune industry of France, Germanv and Austria was made during the Summer of 1000, and the results of the observations are embodied in the following paragraphs: The irune industry of France Is about 1000 5'ears eW, anfl with a few exceptions due to the recant introduction of modern commercial evaporating and packing plants, it Is carried on in much the same way today, so far as the producer is concerned, as it was 400 or more years &so. "White the Industry is less than a half century old in America, and great cnenges have been made in the methods of producing the cured product. French methods have remained practically unchanged for cen turies. To the person familiar with the Pacific Ooaet orchard areas, France offers a vey dis appointing field for orchard study. Her or chards would be called, more properly, fruit gardens. As such, of course, they are ex tremely interesting and fraught with lessons to the American horticulturist, "While it Is true that one finds an occasional small area planted to trees In the way that is common in "West ern America, yet on the whole the orchards of France are composed of a mixture of planta tions of fruit trees and shrubs, ornamentals and other plants. The soils of the prunegrowing sections of France. Germany and Austria are widely dif ferent In their physical and chemical charac ter. The soil or the districts in which the prune is profitably cultivated In Southern Ger many and Xorthwestern Austria resembles very much the average basaltic loams of "Western Oregon and "Washington, while the soils of France generally resemble the soils of the eastern parts of these two states and portions of Southern Oregon, though they generally carry a larger lime content than the Pacific Coast soils. In Bohemia are to be seen thousands of acres of prune orchards planted on the same gen eral plan as our American orchards, with these differences: There are no large individ ual or corporate plantings, and prune trees are freely planted along the highways, lanes, boundary lines and about the buildings as well as in orchards. An occasional single orchard block may contain 20 acres, and, while this may appear quite Insignificant to the Jarse oroaardlst of the Pacific Coast, it Is very dif ferent from the French type of prune orchard, wMeh is generally a very irregular and mlx-d plantation of fruit-hearing trees, shrubs, vines and other plants. "With the exception of a quMe limited re gion, the prune orchards of France are not planted in blocks or masses. The trees are set In rows, usually, though frequently there appears to be no attempt at regularity, and when in rows thp rows are from 40 to GO feet 41444 '4Vui.UUj t.K VI- .UUi iVtlS AiC I planted Elde-oy side, the trees being, approx imately, 1G to 20 feet apart each way. In the rows not only are prunes planted, but there may be cherries, apples, pears, peaches, quinces, bush fruits, grapes, nuts, osier wil lows and an occasional ornamental tree. Be tween the rows of trees are grown the various cereal, foraire and root crops, or In many In stances the tract of open land Is a meadow. The trees are never cultivated for themselves. Such tillage as the soil receives Is given for the benefit of the field crops. It must not be Inferred from this, however, that fruit trees are never cultivated In France. The same course Is followed in the German and Austrian orchards and tree plantations, consequently the trees of these various sec tions are generally much smaller than trees of a corresponding age on the Pacific Coast, In Europe the universal practice Is to train orchard trees with high heads, the object being to let the sun and air have free access to the ground in order that the cover crop may have ample opportunity for development. Usually the trees are headed at a height of from four to five feet. Little pruning is done, save to thin out and occasionally to cut back the young growth If the trees are grown on land that Is Irrigated. The heads are usually round to roundish, and generally much smaller than In the case of Pacific Coast trees of corre sponding age. The plum tree lives to a good old age In Europe and frequently is of large size. The fruit, when properly cured, Is graded by means of a grader made upon the eame general plan as the Cunningham grader used on the Pacific Coast. Each grade is placed in a separate bin, and after a period of sweating put through a processing bath, the composition and method of use of which the packer en deavors to keep secret. The fruit is then boxed, racked, -bottled or canned, according to ooti - -- PORTLAND'S POSITION By authority of an act of Congress, the Commissioner of Labor is re quired to investigate annually the municipal statistics of cities having 30,000 population and over. The results for 1900 are reported In a bullettn of the Department of Labor. Last year's investigation shows that In everything that goes to make up a city population, relative cost of gov ernment, school attendance, municipal assets, expenditures for perma nent public Improvements, vital statistics, etc. Portland is easily the leading city of the Northwest. The figures are: Portland. Seattle. Tacoma. Spokane. Population, 1900 90.426 80,671 37,714 36,84S Rank 42 48 103 lOo Area in acres 25.C00 30,720 18,560 12.S00 Arrests 2.S70 6,739 2.6S9 3,838 Firemen 327 S3 44 , 63 Policemen 08 6o 33 26 Births 1.H5 665 447 644 Marrlaces 764 482 242 507 Deaths ! S63 599 326 511 -d.,vi: ot.w- onoo ' M3.S9 41n.3 731.90 4S.15 f Streets, paved, square yard's!!.".. 2.S94.76S 41S.474 633,500 2,150,677 T Streets, tinpaved? square yards.. 1.935.SS5 3.472,240 31,415,000 9,704,333 t Public school teachers 309 214 167 124 I Public school pupils 12,197 9,597 6.5SS 6,117 I Cost of city water works $ 3,950 309 $ 1.399.676 $ 1,204,K0 $ 1,250,000 Net city debt 5,559,325 4,a70,0G5 "4,360,126 2.'tiS,Z Assessed val. property 3S,6Sj,411 32.163,292 22,549,840 18,877,771 a- income llsoftst LBIIJOM 1,037.697 1,365,553 City expenditures i,44o,usj i,i'ji,-izi taz.voa i.mv.aii a City assets 7.975.716 3.225.S70 4,703,622 3,115,307 J Notf including $443,078 local Improvement bonds and 'warrants. I Not including $106,6S4 local Improvement bonds. . I q- 00 quality, appearance and size, as the market may demand. This feature of the work Is not unlike the California method of processing and packing, which is quite unknown In the Pa cific Northwest, though a beginning along this line has been made by one or two firms. The culls from the grading are distilled, sometimes alone, sometimes together with fresh fruit that Is considered unfit for the drier. In many localities, and especially In North ern Germany, large plants for evaporating, canning, Drescrvlng, distilling and packing an. established, and to these the growers sell their fresh fruit Some of these establishments have men andteams traveling over the coun try gathering up the fresh fruit, Somestlmes the crop is bought on the trees, but more often after It Is picked. As to the question of large factories or indi vidual Fmall evaporators, the more intelligent European dealers and producers arc advocates of the plan of having large conserving plant3. They realize that the large plants can be more economically handled, can prepare a more uni form rrade and a greater variety of product, and are "much better able to cope with the variable market conditions; a sufficient number of reasons, evidently, for their view of the history of the growth of these fruit-food fac tories (for such they really are) In the Old "World Is one of much interest to the people of the Pacific Northwest, and it appears that It is only a question of time until our grow ers and dealers must adopt a system similar to that existing in France and Germany. The chief objection to the product of the Pacific Northwest today is that it Is not uniform In size, quality and pack, and that there Is no certainty that an order placed and filled sat isfactorily one year can be duplicated the next on a large scale. If, for example, the whole prune croo of the 'Willamette Valley could pass through one finishing and packing-house, there Is no question. In view of French and German experience, that a fairly uniform grade and quality of product could be put upon the market from year to year, and that a stable market rating could be secured for the prune crop of this section, resulting most benefi cially to the Industry. The only feature In which the European plants excel the American is that of making provision to use all inferior fruit In the preparation of various secondary products. If the fruit which comes into the plant will not make a good evaporated fruit. then It Is used to make some other form of fruit product. In this latter respect our com mercial evaporating plants have a great op portunity for Improvement. Of the system of evaporation In France more may be said, for the reason that the fruit pre pared by this method brings the highest price on the European markets, and for the further reason that a brief discussion of this method will materially aid our growers in understand ing what their -present position is In this phase of the work or the world's prune ln-dustry- As before stated, the prune of France Is the Agen, commonly known on the Pacific Coast as Petite, or French. For the first part of the ripening period It is allowed to fall to the ground, and if the weather is fair it is gathered every two or three days. Should the weather be foul it is gathered every day. As shown by the prices paid at the first mar kets, as well as by the general appearance of the fruit itself, the first gatherings are of an Inferior quality. As the season ad vances the trees are lightly shaken. The fruit is gathered in common hand baskets, usually by women and children, carried or carted to the building where the drier is lo cated, and there, without dipping, washing, or grading In any way, is spread upon the drying trays. These trays are made of varl lous shapes, sizes and material. In one good sized drier that will handle 12 to 20 bushels per day, may be seen half a dozen styles of trays varying as to size, shape, and the ma terial of which they are made. The fruit hav ing been placed upon the trays at the open ing of the season. Is put into the oven or drying chamber, which has been previously heated to a temperature of 70 deg. C. (158 deg. F.). The fire or heat is withdrawn at the time the fruit is put In, the chamber Is closed tightly, and the fruit left for three days. During this time the fire is rekin dled each morning, and when the tempera ture of the chamber has reached 70 deg. C. the fire is withdrawn as before. At the end of the third day the fruit Is removed, the chamber closed, the fire rekindled or heat re newed, and the temperature brought up to the standard. 70 deg. C "While the fruit Is out PUTS AND CALLS -Q.N- NEW YORK STOCKS We sell Puis and Calls on all stocks listed on the NEW YORK STOCK EXCHANGE DAILY OR WEEKLY, IO Shares Cost $2.50 1 00 Shares Cost $25.00 No Further Liability. O I BO 214215 Chamber of Commerce Phone Main 516 HONEYMAN it is assorted roughly and the large prunes are dipped into red wine. All arc then re placed In the oven, the heat or fire with drawn, and at the end of 24 hours the fruit Is again taken from the oven. This time It Is assorted, all cured fruit being removed and put 'into baskets, the sizing being done by eye during the operation. The uncured fruit Is returned to the chamber and such trays as may be empty are filled with fresh fruit. The chamber is then closed, and the process repeated from day to day until the crop Is cured. The one most neglected phase of the prune Industry is that of packing and packages. In the marketing of no other fruit or food product, save possibly the coarser vegetables, Is so little attention paid to attractive packing and packages. No less than four-fifths of the product Is put upon the market In large, rough boxes or bags, and especially Is this the case with the smaller sizes of the Eu ropean prunes and those of the Pacific North west. A few of the larger packing establish ments of France, Germany and California use a moderate amount of taste and a fair quality of material In their packages, while one or two French and German firms put upon the market a limited amount of very fancy pack ages of choice fruit. On the markets of the Eastern United States and Europe prunes are usually handled like peanuts and pota toes. (Instead of being handled as a pre pared fruit food, they are treated as a raw article: exposed to the 'flying dust and dirt of the market place; shoveled and carted about Just as on might handle coal, in old boxes, barrels, sacks or trays. The result is that as the housewife passes from place to place making her purchases for the table the thought of dried prunes for sauce gives her a feeling of mild disgust, and Justly so. IN THE NORTHWEST. 0- If the average curer of prunes on the Pa cific Coast could see the article as It Is com monly marketed in the large 'cities he would feel disrustful of his own senses. Not all of the evaporated fruit is thus handled, but a large amount reaches the consumer In this way. Not alone, the smaller grades, though certainly a larger per cent of these are thus sold than of the fancy grades, but some of the fruit of the 40-50 grade Is sold with so much dirt upon it that the work of pre paring It for the table must be as great as for potatoes. This condition can only be overcome by adopting a style of package that will not permit handlers and dealers to foul the fruit. There appears to be no reason why this prod uct under ordinary conditions, providing it is protected from attack by Insects, will not keep for two -or three years without serious deterioration. Certainly there is no reason why it should not be placed on the market In such manner as to make it as attractive as the canned product, which Is the chief com peting article. "While it -Is possible that much of the evaporated product is of too low a grade and quality to warrant even a 'small additional expense for fancy packing, yet for all the higher grades and best qualities it would appear that this is a field worthy of thorough Investigation by the progressive pack er and shipper. In the world's markets today attractive packages count for at least as much as quality with the majority of buy ers, and since dried prunes are looked upon by many as a coarse food, it is the more im portant that careful attention be given to their market appearance. The glass Jars, bottjes and cans In which some of the Bor deaux packers put up a portion of their fancy quality prunes, are too expensU-e for the gen eral market, and yet, thus far. these are the only packages in which the fruit keeps for an indefinite period without decreasing in value through being worm-eaten and sugared. The great need at present is a cheap, light, fly and air-proof package. The Tortured Annrcliiwt. Chicago Record-Herald. The anarchist lay In the dark cell, tug ging nervously at the matted hair which hung down over his breast. Ever and anon he looked eagerly toward the grated door, as if he expected to see the jailer or perhaps some caller. At last, after he had waited Imnatlentlv for an hour or two, a turnkey entered. Anarchist Ah! When are they going to hang me? Turnkey They have decided not to hang you. ' Your execution might cause excite ment and attract public attention that would not otherwise be aroused. Anarchist (gritting his teeth and scat tering handfuls of his hair upon the floor) The dogs. Tell them I glory in my deed. I'm glad I done It. I'm sorry I couldn't have made it 10 times worse than I did. Turnkey No. I have orders not to re peat a word that you say. Anarchist (trembling .with rage and con sternation) What! Ain't you goin' to let the reporters know I'm glad I done it? Turnkey I shan't repeat a word from you. I've got my orders and I'm going to obey them. The reporters don't know that you are here. They haven't learned your name. They don't know that such, a person as you exists. (The anarchist throws three fits in rapid succession. After he has ceased to writhe he rises feebly and stares incredulously for awhile at the turnkey). Anarchist Well, ain't the mob goin' to try to lynch me pretty soon? Turnkey No. There is no mob. The people have been given to understand that It was an accident that nobody Is to blame, and only the secret service officers and I know that you are responsible for the outrage. Anarchist (after moaning sadly for awhile) This Is barbarous. I want to make a confession. Send for the reporters. Turnkey I'm sorry, but I have orders not to let any of the reporters know that you are here, and as for your con fession you can make It if you want to, but It'll never get past me. I'll forget it forever-the moment I go out that door. Anarchist You beast! You Inhuman monster! Have you no mercy? Have you come to torture me to death? I will be heard. I will let the world know that 1 done it. I'll scream till somebody an swers. Turnkey Go ahead and scream all you please. Nobody outside can hear you, and the other prisoners have been taken away, so you are alone here. Scream for 20 years If you want to, but nobody except myself or whoever is detailed to watch you will know that you are making a sound. Anarchist (as a, drowning man catches at a straw) Well, when are they comin' to take my picture for the rogue's gallery and the press? Turnkey Never. You are to be kept right here, so it will not be necessary to take any steps for your future Identifi cation. Anarchist (crushed and pleading) Ain't the papers goin' to print the pictures" of my poor old father and mother and my brothers and sisters and the house where I was born? Turnkey Nix. Your name will never appear in print unless somebody wants to pay a Quarter for a death notice aftor you're all through. Anarchist (clutching at his throat and gurgling) Curses ah ah then I oh br-r-cltch (Dies of spontaneous combustion). MEETS Al PORTLAND, ME. NATIONAL COUNCIL OF CONGREGA TIONAL CHURCHES. Was Held In 1898 In This City Many Prominent Men "WIH Attend Programme for Week. BOSTON, Sept. 26. The National Con gregational Council, which met in 1898 at Portland, Or., will be held the week of October 12-18 this year at the State Street Congregational Church, Portland, Me. A large number of. delegates from all parts of the United States will be present, Including many prominent min isters and lay members of the denomina tion. Following is the programme for the week: Sntnrday, October 12, Forenoon (10:30) Reading of Scripture and prayer; address by, the retiring mod erator? Rev. Frederick' A. Noble, D. D., Chicago, 111.; tellers appointed; roll-credentials collected; committee on nomina tions appointed; organization; moderator and assistants chosen; assistants of the secretary and registrar chosen; commit tees on credentials, on business, on finance, appointed; welcome to the Mayor of the city; Hon. B. F. Boothby; welcome by Rev. Jonathan L. Jenkins; response by the moderator. Afternoon (2:30) Prayer; report of the provisional committee and trustees; pro gramme placed In the hands of the busi ness committee; report of the publishing committee ahd secretary and auditor and treasurer; report of the National Coun cil ministerial relief fund; report of the committee on charter revision, Nathaniel Chlpman, chairman. Evening (7:30) Scripture and prayer; "The Type of Christian Character Fa vored by Congregationalism," Professor Willlston Walker, New Haven, Conn.; ad dress, "The Sacraments Their Function in Personal Life and In Enlargement and Improvement of the Churches," Rev. James G. Vose, Providence, R. I.; floor discussion of the above addresses, each speaker limited to seven minutes. Sunday, October 111. Forenoon (10:30) Council sermon, Presi dent William Jewett Tucker. Afternoon (2:30) Children's meeting, speakers to be announced; (4:00) the sac rament bf the Lord's '.Supper. Evening (7:30) Services will be held at the Willlston Second Parish and St. Law rence Churhes, speakers to be an nounced, Monday, October 14. Forenoon (9:00) Business; (9:30) wor ship; (10:00) introduction of delegates from England and the provinces; report of the committee on councils' and pastorate; re port of the committee on John Robinson Memorial Church; paper, "The Necessity of a Rational Philosophy to Effective Preaching," Rev. William H. Bolster, Nashua, N. H.; paper, "How Far Does the Application of Doctrine to Practical Life Constitute Effective Preaching?" Rev. Dan F. Bradley, Grand Rapids, Mich,; discussion of the above papers from the floor, each speaker limited to seven minutes. Afternoon (2:30) Prayer; discussion: (1) "The Rightful Claims of the Churches Upon the Theological Seminaries," Rev. William A. Bartlett, Chicago, 111.; (2) "The Rightful Claims of the Theological Seminaries Upon the Churches," Pro fessor George F. Moore, Andover, Mass.; discussion: (1) "What Helps May Our Churches Expect From the Public School?" William W. Stetson, Augusta, Me.; (2) "What Help May the Public Schools Expect From Our Churches?" Rev. Albert E. Winship, Boston; floor discussion. Evening (7:30) Scripture and prayer; address, "The Congregational Church as a Social Factor in the Country Town," President W. D. Hyde, Brunswick, Me.; address, "The Church and the New Prob lems of the Working Classes," Rev. New ell D. Hlllis, Brooklyn, N. Y. Tuesday, October 15. Forenoon (9:00) Business; (9:30) wor ship; (10:00) general topic, "The Church and Young People": (1) "Needful Reform in the Methods and the Instruction of the Sunday School," Rev. A. E. Dunning, Bos ton, Mass.; (2) "The Spiritual Trend of Young People's Organizations," Rev. Charles M. Southgate. Auburndale, Mass.; (3) "Co-operation of the Home and Church In the Spiritual Nurture of Children," Rev. Charles H. Richards, Philadelphia, Pa.; general discussion. Afternoon (2:30) Scripture and prayer; business. Note. What tlme remains of the afternoon and evening will be in charge of the local committee. AVednendny, October 10. Forenoon (9:00) Business; (9:30) worship; (10:00) report of the committee on the Anti-Saloon League; report of the central committee on missionary work, to be fol lowed by discussion, led by Rev. James W. Cooper, New Britain, Conn.; paper, "The Christian Man as a Citizen, Espe cially in His Relation to Municipal Gov ernment," Rev. Samuel G. Smith, St. Paul, Minn.; floor discussion: Afternoon (2:30) Prayer; paper, "For eign Elements in American Civilization," Rev. Henry A. Schaufller, Cleveland, O.; paper, "City Evangelization," J. C. Arm strong, Chicago, 111.; brief reports from Home Field Societies. Evening (7:30) Scripture and prayer; report from the foreign missionary field; address. "Christianity a World-Wide Movement, and the Responsibility of the .Church In Regard to It," President Mat thew H. Buckham, Burlington, "Vt.; ad dress, "New Perils and Possibilities In Foreign Fields," Rev. J. P. Jones, D. D., Madura Mission, India. Thnrsilny, October 17. Forenoon (9:00) Business; (9:30) worship; (10:00) report of committee on comity, fed eration and unity; paper, "Congrega tionalism a Prime Factor in the Develop ment of a Spirit of Unity and Fellow ship," Rev. Professor William D. Mac kenzie, Chicago, 111.; paper, "Congrega tional Teaching as to the Right Use of Wealth," Rev. President Horace Bum stead, Atlanta, Ga; general discussion. Afternoon (2:30) Prayer; paper, "Wom an's Work in Our Churches," Rev. Thomas C. McLelland, Newport, R. I.; paper, "The Spiritual Mission of Congre gationalism," Rev. S. M. Newman.Wash lngton, D. C; general discussion. Evening (7:30) Scripture and prayer; address, "Consecrated Personality a Su preme Need of the Church of Today," .Rev. Charles E. Jefferson, New York City; address, "The Living Christ a Vital Force in Pulpit and Pew," Rev. George H. Ide, Milwaukee, Wis. '' Friday, October 18. ' Forenoon (9:00) Scripture and prayer; (9:15) business; adjournment. A ICentuelcy Belle's Secret. Toledo Blade. Louisville, Ky. Miss Georgia Shallcross, one of Kentucky's most noted society belles, who died over a year ago, carried to her grave a secret which has just been disclosed and has shocked beyond measure Louisville society. She was the legally wedded wife of Herman L-. Ward, a Louis ville lawyer, clubman and society leader. An investigation of the marriage records in Jeffersonvllle led to the discovery. In the brick building occupied by Magistrate John H. Hause, In Jeffersonvllle, Miss Shallcrosse, on February 19, 1900, gave her hand and heart to one who promised, until Teleased by her, to reveal to no -one that she had linked her destiny with another's. He proved true. The Magistrate likewise kept his word, for he promised the young woman tliat he should never disclose the secret. No one else was present at the wedding. Your Grocer Knows "WeMoot" Hard-wheat flour. According to the figures given by Mulhall, the three richest countries of Europe .arc England, France and Germany, followed by Russia, Austria, Italy, Belgium and Holland. Downing, Hopkins & ESTABLISHED 1803. AT AND STOCK BROKERS Room 4, Ground Floor ADVERTISED. Unclaimed Letters Remaining; In the Postofllcc at Portland. Or. Free delivery of letters by carriers at ths residence of owners may be secured by observ ing the following rules: Direct plainly to the street and number of the house. Head letters with the writer's full address. Including street and number, and request an swer to be directed accordingly. Letters to strangers or transient visitors in the city, whose special address may be un known, should be marked In the left-hand cor ner. "Transient." This will prevent their be ing delivered to persons of the same or simi lar names. Persons calling for these letters will please state date on which they were advertised. September 30. They will be charged for at the rate of 1 cent each. "WOMEN'S LIST. Adams, Miss Charlotte Johnson, Miss Nettie Adams, Mrs Laura Kayes, Mrs Alford. Mrs F E Kayes, Miss Zoe-2 Angill, Mrs Lizzie Kelley, Mrs R M Anderson, Miss Lizzie Kenney, Mrs C S Anderson. Miss Sophia King, Mrs H Armstrong, Mrs Em- Klnsey, Mrs Frank . mett Kopish. Mrs Armstrong, Miss Mabel Lack, Minnie Atkins, Mrs M F Mclnnls. Christie Uacon. Miss Ellen McHugh, May gaker, Miss Sadie J McKlnney, Miss Mary Baker, Miss Mabel Mann, Miss Ermal Marr, Mrs J R S Mason, Mrs Maylob, Miss Jessie Matthies, Clara A Mollis. Miss Helen Ban, Miss Elsie Bergstrand, Nellie Beble, Emma Bill, Mrs Hattie M-2 Bingham, Miss Rebec ca-2 Metcalf, Mrs Geo E Blessing, Miss Alice V Metzler. Mis; Clara .Dusier, xurs josepnine Mllloy, Jefaie Born, Miss Leone Miller, Mrs E M Bradshaw, Miss Carrie Miller, Mrs Jessie Brashear. Mrs Lee Moore, Miss Brooks, Mrs W E organ. Mrs Olivia Jirown, Mrs S Morrison. Mrs Ellio ptnners, jiiss JJiana Mjcrs, Mrs E H Hurt, Mrs Constance arson, Miss Minnie Nesbltt. Dollie Oatman, Mrs Chas Uasner, Miss Mary uatman, Mrs Mary unamoers, miss Jidyth Olson, Mrs Edvin J l-nanes, auss inorence Osborn, Mrs Jas R Cone. Miss Ada Palmer, Ethel Cooke, Emma E Cook, Mrs Annie Craft, Miss Alice Crane. Miss Alice W Parker, Annie Pearl, Allle Peel. Mrs Ella B Potts, Mrs Lyda ross, .nrs aiaiiie uoiyprovins. Mrs A Cromwell, Miss Carrie Prltchett, Mnry urtis, Airs faaran Ranstrom. Bessie uumeison, Agnes Daniel, Mrs I Davis, Mrs Florence Davis, Miss Deadwan, Mrs Dearborn, Mrs Helen Kean, Mrs S L Devlin, Miss Annie Dixon, Mrs J H Doyle, Miss Daisy Dursey, Mrs Frank E Eaton. Mrs Lillian Randolph, Martha Radcliff. Mrs H G Ransdale, Annie Reed, Grace Reynolds, Mattie Roberts, Grace Robinson, Mrs M E Robertson, Mrs L M Robinson, Miss Lou Rogers, Mrs Ida Rhodes, Lilla Kowc, Ethel Edmunds, Miss Bertha Schlem. Miss Selma awards, .Mrs Tlllio Sears, Mrs Robt iicnman, Mrs A J Sham. Bessie Enzart, Mrs Sophie Enkie, Mrs Anna FaVero, Mrs Lewis Farrell, Miss Minnie Ferchen, Mrs'P E Fick, Annie S Flary, Miss Virginia Flenn, Mrs Marshel Powlor, Mrs M Franks, Mrs James Freizar, Mrs E Garrett, Mrs GUI, Mrs James Grout, Miss M G Groll, Mrs Jessie Guenther. Mrs O Shaw, Miss E Flormie Sheldon, Mrs F Shelby, Mrs Fannie Eiilneer Shorthill, Miss L I Simon, Mrs Hattie Smith, Miss Frances Smith, Georgia M Smith, Maud Sonnenfeld, Fanny Stslson, Miss J M Stintson, Mrs Fred Stuitord, Mrs Mary Sterling, Miss Falo Stearns, Mrs S A Stewart, Mrs G W Stewart. Mrs Thos Stragalles, Miss M Haines, Miss Emma naniey, Frances E Ilardwick. Mrs Wlllev Summer. Clara Harris Mrs M Tnompson, Ipha Harrison, Miss Mattie Thompson. Mrs B J Harrison, Mrs R Tushln. Mrs Jno Hcsinlce, Miss Alma Tufford. Miss M Heilman, Mrs Edgar Heinbach, Miss Ger trude Heinds, Miss M Helen, Miss Lola A Herd. Miss Anna Hewitt, Miss Alice Hirsch, Mrs J B Hodson, Mrs Ida Holmes, Miss Vivian Walker. Mrs W H Wallace. Esther Warren, Marian Watkins, Miss E L Watkins, Mrs S C Welsser, Lydia White, Mrs F Mar.son Whitcomb, Mrs Sylves ter Williams. Maud Wilson. Mrs A iiouck, Miss Elsie Howlanc, Mrs Marion Wilson, Miss Rena W Winters, Mrs W Hughes, Mrs Frances J Woodmansee. Fanny Hutchinson, Miss May Wood, Mrs H M James, Mrs Josle Yager, Margaret Jackson, Miss Ruby ZIpp, Nellie MEN'S LIST. Alexander, David Allen, Geo E Amsley, R E Kelley, Chas H Kelley, George J Kerr, Wm A King, Richard S King, James Krelss, H G Kobloth, Joseph Kenney. Dr M H Krender. Phil &MacCauley, A E McCalley, Jas MabDuff, Pearl McHolland, J T McGuigan, J McKee, C O McMaster. H M Manee, Wm Macay, W D Malan, M E Manhan, Thos P Mairiott, H Marks, S M Martin, Chas G Amon, E L Angell, Fred Anderson, Ira R Arington, F G Arel Harry Ashmore, Charles Bachman, Messrs Bros Bacon, Ed Baeder, Rev Andrew Bailey, Maurice Baker, J J Baney, Dan Barry, J S-2 Bauman, Henry Beck, Henry M Belding, Harry Bell, B E Bemish, C W Bergln, Mr Berry, F F Berry, Joseph Ernest Bivert, Joe N Martin, D W Martin. T W Martin, J M Mays. AV R Bloom, Ernest mumgaraer, Louis Mr & Mrs Meek, R L Meyerham, A Menges, Marion A Boynton, N Bradford, Parsons Bradford, J C Burns Photo Co Burton, C A Bushnell, B W Cathran, N T Caloway, F B Carolan, Patrick Carland, Otho Carleson, A A Carr, D B Chester, Edward Chase, Al Colvln, J D Comerford, Emmctt Cressenwlth, Dr Condit, J Cutler, J S Delsel, Jake Dean. John A Melma. P Meredith. Albert Miguh, R Miller. W A Mlnnemeyer, Geo W Model Steam Ldry Moore, J N Morgan, Frank Morris, A L Morris, Karl Murphy, Henry H Meier. J A Murray, Jas S Naismith, Jas Nelson, Chas Nelson, Al Norby, C Olson, Chas O Owens, Mr O'Gorman, T A Delmonlcos Music Hall.Overturf, J H The Delnninger, W W Diericks, August DIcksmier, W Dickens, C C Donn, L M Downing, Dr B R Panty. A Pacific Talking Mach Co Parker, Geo Plercy, Jno Pomeroy, W M Powers Co Powell. R A ijotson, F J Downey Bros, Messrs Price, G A Rannell, G G Rellini;. O M Draper, A S Dunham, C W Eckorson, Thos Eisenhard, Fred Ellsworth, D Ellis, Mr Epps, Jessie Evans, Charles Reeley, Ed Reed. D S Reed, Fred Roy, Donat Roddy. E J Rodby, N'O Rodriguez, Eleotlora Robinson, Geo & Co Scherfen, Godfred Scott. A W Sieman, Wm Shawhan. J Mac Sill. C E-2 SImonds. G F Smith, Carl, Jr Springer t Co, L T Stall. J G Starr, B F Strode, A M Svlkenge, J F Terry. Clinton T P Thlel. A W Thurman, Chas Thomas, John A Thompson, R R Tllden. Edw Thomas, R J Trlslse, E G N Tuttle. H A Union Mut Aid Soc Evans, U F Faulkenberg. T H Farley, Fred Fenderburg, Wells M Fltzpatrlck, John Fowler, Harry Fowkes, R H-2 Follett, Russell Francis, William Frazler, Joseph Friar, James B-2 Fullen, Virgil Gardiner, P W Garrigus. Case Gines, M G Gibson, J T Gibson, Gus Glenn. I M Goldstein. W P Goodklnd, Dick Gorman, G S Gramm, Chas Greene, Geo F Gross. Fogel OF Regulates the menstrual flow, cures Jeu- corrhoea, falling of the womb and all the other ailments peculiar to women Buy a 1 boltle from your druggist to-day. No Cure No Pay THE MODERN APPLIANCE. A positive way to perfect manhood. The VACUUM TREATMENT cures you without medicine of all nervous or diseases of the cenerative or gans, such as Kst manhood, exhaustive drains, varicocele, lmpotcncy, etc. Men are quickly re stored to perfect health and strencth. Write for circulars. Correspondence confidential. THE HEALTH APPLIANCE CO.. rooms 47-1S. Safe Deposit building, Seattle. Wash. Chamber a? Commerce Hackley, Gus Hagerman. B Harnett. Patrick XI Harris, Percy Hennerlg, "Win Henry, Charlie. Jr Hignam, John Hirsch. Morris Hill. F M Hodson. B Hollinger, Michael Holman, E V Holmes, P M Howell, S L Howard, Cap Hurst, Frank Isham, George Jeppersen, S Jennings. J F Jordan, Clarence Johnson, T E Keating, T F Kemp, Jo Ural Diamond Co Urle, Chas "Wagner. Chas E "Wakeman. Ed Walters. L J "Warner, H "Warner, Eben "Ward. W H "Wetmore. Edw D "Welch & Fltzhugh "Whnrton, J A Williamson. J T "Willa. Erik "Williams. E It "Wilson, Harvey "Wilson, H H "Wilson. Wm Woodard, "Wm "Wright, Rev J W Wright, "Walter G Wright. Wallace Wright. Edw M Wright, E Markoe PACKAGES. Fisher, Mrs Lulu Hansen. Rev A P Painder, Mrs Robertson, Mrs Lcfler, Luis A. B. CRCASMAN, P. M. B ROKE THE NEWS GENTLY But He "Was a. Lonpr Time Divulging? Full Particular. "What" do you want, little boy?" "Is this where Mr. Upjohn lives, ma'am?" 'Yes." "The Mr. Upjohn that runs the bank?" "He is an officer in the bank." "The Mr. Upjohn that went downtown on a trolley car this morning?" "I presume he went on a trolley car. What " "Is he the Mr. Upjohn that! was in that hor'ble street-car accident?" "I haven't heard of his being in any street-car accident." "Didn't hear 'at he'd sprained his ankle jumpin' out o the car when the train run Into it'?" "No, my little boy, you frishten me. What has " "Didn't you hear how he run into a drug store for a piece o' court plaster to stick, on a little cut he'd got over the eye?" "Not at all. For mercy's sake " "He isn't In, is he, ma'am,?" "No. he's " "Name's John U. Upliam, Isn't It?" "Yes. that's his name." . "Then he's the same man. He won't be here for an hour or two, I guess, "cause he's stoppln' to have one o' his teeth tightened that got knocked a little bit loose when he was jumpin' out o' dan ger, y' know." "Little boy, tell me the whple story. I think I can bear it now." "Well, ma'am, he's in the hospittle with four ribs broke an' one leg's In a sling an' his nose is knocked kind o' sideways, but he's gettin' along all right, an he'll be out again in about a month, an here's a letter f'm. the doctor tellln ye all abouO It. ma'am." Boston Traveler. TRAVELERS' GUIDE. -TO- Low Rates to All Points East. WRITE FOR FULL PARTICULARS. TICKET OFFICE: Cor. Third and Stark Sin. R. W. Foster. Ticket Agent. Astoria & Columbia River Railroad Co. Depot Fifth, und I Street. LEAVES Iarrives For Maygers. Katnier. Clatskanle, Westport. Clifton, Astoria. War renton. Flavel, Ham mond, Fort Stevens, Gearhart Pk.. Seaside. Astoria and Seashore Express, Dally. Astoria Express. Daily. 8:00 A. M. 11:10 A.M. 0:40 P. M. Ticket office 233 Morrison at. and Union Depot. J. C. MAYO. Gen. Pass. Agt.. Astoria. Or. Time Card of Trains PORTLAND Leaves. "North Coast Limited".. 2:00 P. M. Twin City. St. Louis & Kan. City Special 11:30 P. M. Puget Sound Limited, for Arrives. 7:00 A. M. :45 P. M South Bend. Gray'a Harbor. Oiympia. Ta coma and Seattle... . 8:35A.M. 5:20P.M. Two trains dally to Spokane, Butte. Helena, Minneapolis, St. Paul and the East. A. D. CHARLTON. Asst. General Pass. Ag,t 255 Morrison street. Portland. Or. SPECIAL announcement: New Service to Mediterranean. The new gigantic twin-screw steamer "Commonwealth," 13,000 tons, GOO feet long, from Boston to Gibraltar, Naples and Genoa. Nov. 27, I0O1, and Jan 4. 1002; to Alexandria, Egypt, via Naples. Jan. 4 and Feb. 12. 1902. THOMAS COOK 4 SON. P. C Gen"! Amt. 621 Market St., San Francisco, Ca!. SS. SIERRA. Honolulu, Auckland and Sydney. Thursday, Oct. 3. 10 A. M. S3. ALAMEDA, for Honolulu, Saturday, Oct. J. D JPBECXELIS 'k BROS. CO., Gsnsral Apnis. 327 ilarfct SI M Pa32H8r 0f5ca, 643 Udrkst SL, Phr Ko. 1, PacifsSt BUFFALO EXPOSITION 0jh minxvmfr.a.-txis- TRAVELERS' GUIDE. fjjgP SKOSp- LINE UNWK R4CIH& ALD !THREE TRAIN5 DAILY FOR ALL POINTS EAST ; UNION DEPOT. Leave. Arrive. ! CHICAGO-PORTLAND 0-0OA. M. 4:30P M SPECIAL. 'Dally. Daily. For the East via Hunt ington. SPOKANE FLYER. 0:00 P. M. 7:00 A. M. For Eastern Washing- Dally. Dally, ton. Walla Walla. Lew lpton, Coeur d' Alone and Gt. Northern Points. ATLANTIC EXPRESS. 0:00 P. M StIO A. M, For the East via Hunt- Dally. Dally. lngton. i OCEAN AND IUVER SCHEDULE. FOR SAN FRAN CISCO. SS. Columbia Oct. 0. 10. 29. SS. Geo. W. Elder Oct. 4. 14, 24. From i Ainaworth Dock. 8:00 P. M. FOR ASTORIA and S:00 P. M. Dally ex. Sunday an Monday. Sat. 10 P. M. 5:80 P. M. Daily ex. Sun. way points, connecting witn atr. for Ilwaco and North Beach, str. Ha.- saio. Ash-street Dock. FOR SALEM and way rolnts. str. Elmor;. Ash-street Dock. (Water permitting.) 0:45 A. M. Mon... Wed.. Frl. 3:00 P. M. Tues., Thurs., Sat. FOR DAVTnv nr..n City and Yamhill River 7:00 A. M. Tue. Thursu. 3 P. M. Men.. points. str. Modoc, Aah-street Dock. (Water permittinK.) Wed., Sat. FrU TICKET OFFICE. Third and Washington. Telephone. Main 712. PORTLAND & ASIATIC STEAMSHIP CO. For Yokohama and Hong Kong, calling at Kobe. Nagasaki and Shanghai, taking freight vis. connecting- steamers for Manila. Port Ar thur and VladlvOTtock. INDRAVELL.I SAILS OCT. 23. For rates and full information call on or ad dress odlclals or agents of O. R. & N. Co. EAST via SOUTH Leave IDenot Fifth and I I Streets. Arrive OVERLAND EX PKE&S TUAi.a, for Salem. Koae burg. AsmanoV Sac rumenio, Ugden. San Francisco. Mo Jave, Lai Anseles. El Paao. Jw Or leans and the Eadt. At W o o d, b urn (dally except Sun day), morning tram connects with train tor Mt. Angel Sll verton. Browns v 1 1 la . SprlnsUeld. and Natron, a a d Albany Local for Mt. Angel and Slt .erton. Mbany passenger.... .'arvallls passencec. hertdan passenger.. 8:30 P. M. 8:30 A. ZU 7:45 A. M. 7:20 P. M. 4:00 P. M 7:30 A. M. 114:50 P.M. 10:10 A. M. 5:50 P. M. 8:23 A. M. Dally. Dally except Sunday. Rebate tickets on sale Between Portland, Sac ramento and San Francisco. Net rates $17.30 first class and $14 second class. Second class includes sleeper; first class do3 not. Rates and tickets to Eastern point and Eu rope. Also JAPAN. CHINA. HONOLULU and AUSTRALIA. Can be obtalnea from V. A. Schilling. Ticket Agnt. 234 cor. Wahlngtort and Third. YAMHILL DIVISION. Passenger Depot, foot of Jefferson street. Leave for Oswego dally at 7:20, 3;40 A. M.J 12.30. 1:55. 3:25, 4:40, 0:25. B.3U. 11:30 P. M.; and 0:00 A. M. on Sundays only. Arrive at Portland daily at C:35. 8:30. 10:50 A. M.; 1:35. 3.10. 4:30. 0:15. 7:40. 10:00 P. M.: 12:4U A. M. dally, except Monday, 8:30 and 10:00 A, M. on Sundays only. Leave far Dallas dally, except Sunday, at 5:05 P. M. Arrive at Portland at 0.3O A. M. Passenger train leaves Dallas for Alrlla Mon days. Wednesdays and Friday at 3:50 P. M. Returns Tuesdays. Thursday and Saturday. Except Sunday. R. KOEHLER. Manager. R. B. MILLER. Gen. Frt. & Pass. Agt. TicKet Office. 122 Third St Phoni 630 t pave (The Flyer, dally to and . from St. Paul, Mlnne- J"--1 lapolls, Duluth. Chicago, 0:00 P. M. J and all points East. ARRIVE No. 3 7:00 A. M. Through Palace and Tourist Sleepers, Dining and Buffet Smoklng-Llbrary Cara. JAPAN - AMERICAN LINE STEAMSHIP KAMAKURA-MARU For Japan. China, and all Asiatic points will leave Seattta About October 1st Pacific Coast Steamship Go( For South-Eastern Alaska Leave Seattln 9 P. IM. Steamships COTTAGE CITY. CITY OF SEATTLE or CIT OF TOPEKA. Sept. 3, 5, 8. 12. 17, 20, 22. 27; Oct. 2. B. 7. 12. 17. 20. 22. 27; Nov. 1. For further Information obtain company's folder. The company reserves the right to change steamers, sailing uatea and hours o salllns. without previous notice. AGENTS N. POSTON. 240 Washington St.. Portland. Or.: F. W CARLETON. N. P. R. R Dock. Tacoma; Ticket Otnce. 013 First avo.. Seattle. M. TALBOT. Comm'I Agt.. C.W. MIL LER. Asst. Gen I Ast., Ocean Dock, Seattle; GOODALL. PERKINS' & CO.. Oen"! Agents. San Francisco. WHITE COLLAR LINE STR. BAILEY OATZERT. DALLES ROUTE. Winter schedule Leaves foot Alder street every Tuesday. Thursday and Saturday morn ing. 7 A. M. Leave The Dalles every Sunday. Wednesday and Friday morning:. 7 A. M. Landings- Vancouver. Cascade Locks. St. Martin's dprlnjss. Hood River. White Salmon. Lyla and The Dalles. ASTORIA ROUTE. Leaves Portland dally every morning at 7 o ciock, except, aunuuy. r.eiurnmg, leaves As toria every night at 7 o'clock, except Sunday. Oregon phona Main 331. Columbia phona 331. For Oregon City, Salem sWay Landings Steamers Altona and Pomona, for Salem, and, way landings, dally except Sunday, 0:45 A. M Steamer Leona. for Oregon City, leaves Port land dally and Sunday, 0 A. M.. 1 and 5 PM. Leaves Oresron Cltv 7, It A xr o ir t.. trip. 25c Phone Main 40. OREGON CITY TRANSPORTATION CO. Office and dock foot Taylor street. IP SUNSET -rn O 0CCEN4 SHASTA J ted! ROUTES In fREATpgraEpj