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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (June 29, 1901)
T -"""ty "- sf THE MORNING OttEGpNIAN, SATURDAY, JUNE 29, 1901. Entered at the Postofflce at Portland. Oregon, as second-claw matter. TELEPHONES. Cdltortal Booms ICO Business Office. 6C7 REVISEP SUBSCRIPTION RATES. By Mall (postage prepaid), in Advance Daily, with Sunday, per month $ 85, Dally, Sunday excepted, per year 7 50 Dally, with Sunday, per year 0 00 Sunday, per year 2 00 The Weeklyt per year 1 00 The Weekly, 3 months 00 To City Subscribers Daily, per week, delivered. Sundays excepted.l5e Daily, per week, delivered. Sundays lncluded.20c POSTAGE RATES. ' United States, Canada and Mexico: JO to 16-page paper , lc 16 to 32-page paper -c Foreign rates double.. News or discussion intended for publication In The Oregonlan should be addressed invaria bly "Editor The Oregonlan," not to the name of any individual. Letters relating to advertis ing, subscriptions or to any business matter should bo addressed simply "The Oregonlan." Puget Sound Bureau Captain A. Thompson, omee at 1111, Pacific avenue, Tacoma. Box 055, ffacoroa Postofflce. Eastern Business Office 13, -44. 43, 47, 48, 40 Tribune building, New York City; 400 "The Jtookery." Chicago; the S. C. Beckwlth special agency. Eastern representative. For sale in San Francisco by J. K. Cooper. 746 Market street, near the Palace Hotel; Gold smith Bros.. 230 Butter street; F. W. Pitts, 1008 Market street; .Foster & Orcar, Ferry news stand. For sale In Los Angeles by B. F. Gardner, 250 So. Spring street, and Oliver &. Haines, 100 6o. Spring street. For sale iir Chicago by the P. O. SJews Co., 217 Dearborn street. For sale In Omaha Dy Barkalow Bros., 1612 jTarnam street. For sale in Salt Lake by the Salt Lake News Co. i. W. Second South street. For sale in Ogden by W. C. Kind, 204 Twen-ty-f.fth street. On file at Buffalo. N. T.. in the Oregon ex r"1 t at the exposition. For sale iri. Washington. D. C. by the Ebbett H-'jsc newstand. For sale In Denver. Colo., by Hamilton & Jvcndrlck. 000-017. Seventh street. TODAY'S WEATHER.-Falr and probably. SAurrner. YESTERDAY'S WEATHER. Maximum tem rcra'jrr, 63, minimum temperature, 52; no J litatlon. J . PORTLAND, SATURDAY. JUNE 20. A WORD FOR THE TIME. There is repetition just now of the inany efforts heretofore made to show that Portland has been built in the Wrong place; that Portland ought not to exist; that its position on the water courses, that has made it what it Is a city of 100,000 inhabjtants the most populous pity of the Pacific Northwest and the city doing the largest volume cf steady business within the country that it serves and that serves it is a false one, and that the development of this country from the beginning has followed lines forced and unnatural, which now in the interest of the coun try at large ought to be corrected. It Is natural and right that Puget Bound should contend for her own in terest Her cities and her railway lines naturally desire to absorb, as far as possible, the country of the North west So we expect belittlement of Portland from that quarter, and have no reason to be surprised at misrep resentation of Portland from that quar ter. Likewise we expect from that quarter every possible effort to make It appear that the Columbia River is no channel of commerce. And vet the fact remains that the Columbia River iffcrds the only unobstructed route of commerce for the Pacific Northwest between the great Interior country and the sea. But should any one in Oregon, should any one in the Columbia Basin, be expected to support this contention? It is strange enough at this day, but there are influences here in Oregon, as there were in the early time, that are trying to wipe Portland off the map. This is to be done by closing the ehip channel between Portland and the 6ea. Astoria is taking an active part in this effort The Astoria Railroad is musing every effort to compass it Every power these influences can exert is be ing used against the channel between Portland and the sea. Why should a Journal of New York take an interest in this effort? Because it is under the influence and direction of the powers that control the Astoria Railroad. The Journal positively has no importance in itself. It is scarcely known in the City of New York. Its very name is un known In the general journalism of the country. But it is compelled by the stress of its circumstances, since it lacks recognition at home, to take up outside matters of this kind, and those who have invested money in the As toria Railroad get its ear. Yet that paper has no importance at all that in itself would call for this statement; iud the only reason for making this statement is the desirability of prevent ing any one here from being misled as to a journal which derives its sole im portance and title from the fact that it is published in New York. But it is familiar that in a great city there are goads, and moreover that there are imitations. Why was Portland built here? Only because it was the place for a city. Portland has not grown from the primeval forest to a city of 100.000 peo ple without a reason. And that reason, what is it? Simply that Portland is alike accessible from the sea and from the interior country. It is the point, as it was at the beginning, where inland tiansportation and ocean transporta ti n meet Work indeed has been nec essary for deepening the river chan nels, and work is necessary to make them deeper still. The channel has been improved till vessels carrying 6000 to SOOO tons now come and go more freely than vessels of 800 to 1000 tons did formerly. Of this expense of im provement the National Government has borne some part, but Portland the larger part Effort is now making at Astoria and by the Astoria Railroad to prevent further assistance in this di rection by the National Government This is their appeal to the committee of rivers and harbors of the House of Representatives. The Oregonlan states the case plainly. It minces no words. In the lnterest'of Astoria and of the Astoria Railroad, in the interest of town-lot speculators and various exploiters, there is concerted effort to do injury to Portland, and to the whole Columbia Basin, in the hope of bettering themselves. Let us be well understood. There can be no objection to any effort in any quarter, to open new resources, to create new develop ment But the present scheme is of a different nature. It is an effort to build tip by tearing down. In a word, it is an effort to cut the improvement of the Columbia River out of the scheme of National improvement of rivers and harbors, so as to withdraw from Port- hand and from the interior region the support and assistance of the National Government in this matter or river im provement and water transportation. Thoueh something has been done for Inrtlnnrl hv her OWH Citizens. tOO little las been done by them, ancTshe has own to her present proportions be- cause natural opportunity was with her. There is now a demand that this natural opportunity, which has been the leading factor in the growth of the city and in the development of the country, shall be cast aside, nullified, reversed. Now, although Portland has not contended for herself much here tofore, she will contend for herself hereafter, if there shall be need. She has not been built up by any adventi tious aids, but has grown to be what she is by the natural law of develop ment Her position in relation to the great interior, en these navigable wat ers, has been the key of the country, from the beginning. Else Portland would not exist Fortunately, now, Portland has more forces with which" to meet these attacks than she had with which to meet former ones. River improvement, both- above and below Portland, is a plan and a purpose in which Portland will have the support of the whole interior country. Portland Is the terminus of great transcontinental railroads. None of them has a line to Astoria. In the pres ent situation the common-point conten tion therefore can make no headway. It is a railroad question, to be dealt with only by absorption of the Astoria road by a greater line, or by building other lines down the river. Time will settle these matters, one way or an other. But In any event Portland must and will maintain ship communication with the sea; in any event canal and locks must be built at Celllo Falls and improvements made at other points on the upper river. The contention that this work ought not to be done Is down right disloyalty to Oregon, and to the people of the whole Columbia Valley. Here is the second river region of the United States. In extent of country drained, and perhaps the very first in the volume of waters; and it little be comes any inhabitant of the great country of which it is the natural ar tery for pulsation of trade, used before there was any railroad, to say that the National policy of river improvement, carried on these many years and to continue through all time, shall be in terrupted here. Such disloyalty to. the country will fix its indelible mark on every man guilty of It The river and harbor committee Is now to see the Co lumbia River and this situation for itself. It will judge whether the de mand, made by the Astoria Railroad and by persons at Astoria who never have done anything but wait for the development of the country and to grumble because it has not come their way while they have been sitting still" for a half century, is reasonable or not This demand Is that nothing more should be done for improvement of the navigation of this great river. But the question we ask is, What other river, or what other part of the United States which nature has supplied with a great river, has superior claims? This oppo sition is merely a case of petty and selfish interests against the general welfare, not only of Oregon, but of the whole of the great Valley of the Co lumbia. We put the case in the sim plest and frankest way to those who are to examine it "THE A3IERICAN PERIL." In a recent speech before the British House of Commons, Sir Edward Hick man assailed the policy of the India Railway Boards in purchasing Ameri can locomotives and bridge material as disloyal to British industrial Inter ests. The Indian Secretary, Lord George Hamilton, returned a spirited reply to Sir Edward's allegations, In which he plainly stated that to the su periority of the American product and the promptness of manufacturers In delivery is due the placing of large or ders for Indian railway and construct ive material in American shops. The value of this certificate of the excellence of American products and business methods Is appreciated by our manufacturers, and the more so in that it Is given by a British official whose anxiety to retain the colonial markets of the empire for British manufactur ers does not warp his judgment In re gard to the facts in the premises. Lord Hamilton finds that American compe tition is "dangerous" for good and suffi cient reasons that empty railings can not controvert Chief of these is thd fact that Americans are constantly im proving their manufactures In quality and lowering them In price. For exam ple, the viaduct in Burmah was fur nished by a Philadelphia firm, "no British firm having had anything like the experience of the American con cern in this class of construction," while the latter offered a less price and quicker delivery. The elements in American success in these important and indeed invaluable lines he attrib utes to "chemical research, concentra tion of capital, thorough technical edu cation and improved industrial organ ization." This sincerely complimentary testi monial to American workmen from so high and influential a source cannot be less than gratifying to Americans. The London press, taking it up, points, out the defects in the labor organi zations of Great Britain, which con tribute so largely to the results of which complaint Is made. Typical of this journalistic comment is the follow ing from the London Globe: A capable, energetic, industrious workman is. In effect, discouraged, and his superior abilities secure but little advantage for him over the skulker. In America it is far other wise. Trade unionism exists and Is a power there undoubtedly. American trade societies desire the keeping of the wage rate; but they have the sense to see that this can best be accomplished by insuring that the higher the skill and the greater the Industry of the in dividual worker the larger is the reward which he obtains. They recognise that It is not by reducing the volume of trade and the putting of a premium upon mediocrity that the com merce of a country, and, therefore, the wages of the workingman, will in the long run be maintained. While "American trade societies" are not entirely blameless in the matter as above presented, offering to some ex tent protection to the "skulker" who seeks to ride In on the wage scale read ily granted to capable workmen. Brit ish trade-unionism is far less enlight ened upon this point than is the corre sponding power In this country. It is not always true with us that "the higher the skill and the greater the industry of the individual worker the larger the reward that he obtains." It may be said to be generally true, however, a fact' that is due rather to the Insistence of employing manufac turers than to voluntary acceptance of its justice by laborers in many lines. This fact Is brought out not Infre quently by strikes, ordered because some employe found incompetent or un reliable has been discharged and the demand of his union for reinstatement refused. This is an Important factor in the labor problem In this country, and it is toward its elimination that conservative minds on both sides of the J question bend their efforts when a so- lutlon is demanded. The "American peril" on this side of the water lies in the too frequent inclination to foist, through trade-unionism and its affilia tions, "skulkers" upon, the payroll at full wage rates. On the other side it lies in the same disposition to dictate conditions, so greatly exaggerated as to limit both production and quality, with' the result that manufacturers are not only months behind time in filling their orders, but are utterly unable to com pete in prices and quality of finished product with American industry. BAD BANKING AND THE LAW. It Is a suggestive commentary on the difference in two communities that while the Lelpsic bank directors are going to jail, the officers of the Sev enth National are spreading high sounding interviews In explanation of their bank's soundness and their own exemplary management They order these things differently in Germany and in Britain. A rich and jovial banker was recently sent to jail for enjoying himself with sundry German maidens, and when some years ago a great financial institution of Scotland went to the wall a noble Earl paid the penalty of his mismanagement with a sentence to imprisonment for life. In this country we prize our liberty too highly to see a fellow-being sent to jail, provided he Js affable, accomplished and of fine family We. are so thor oughly Imbued with consent of the gov erned that the cause of injured deposit ors starts in with all the presumptive evidence against it. The thing Is not so simple in prac tice, however, as it seems. It Is not only true that under no existing law can the officers of the Seventh National be sent to jail, but it Is also true that the enactment of a law to cover the case is of doubtful expediency, even practicability. The LeipBic offense, for one thing, is of a different and more aggravated sort than the one in New York. The Germans advanced money to known insolvents, while the Seventh National people can apparently be con victed of nothing more than bad judg ment, in lending money on inadequate securities. New railroads and undevel oped coal properties are not, obviously, "quick assets." Yet it is .easy to be lieve that the first loans to Marquand & Co. were small, and that further loans were made with a view of pro tection for the first There does ap pear. It Is true, a technical violation of the rule forbidding loans of more than 10 per cent of a bank's capital to one firm, but the rule Is- universally" recog nized as unworkable. A bank with $30,000,000 of deposits may have a capi tal of only $300,000. If Its loans were restricted tc 530,000 in any one case, it simply could not do business at all. So when all is said and done, it is hard to supersede the natural rules of business, the natural rewards and pen alties of business, with schemes of leg islation. The mismanaged bank will go to the wall, and the Interference of the Bank Examiner and Controller Is little more than a matter of form. The man who does business with a misman aged bank will lose his money In time, and It is going to be almost Impossi ble for the Government to get it back for him or to devise any punishment that shall deter the foolish without unnecessarily encumbering the honest and sagacious. In the last analysis we come down to the question of individ ual capacity. Human merit and hu man Incapacity are the elements by which all business systems must ulti mately stand or fall. Whether a man is a competent or Incompetent banker can seldom be known till the day of trial comes, and then It Is too late to do anybody any good, least of all him self, who Is usually the heaviest loser, bankrupt In self-respect and reputation as well as In pocket. No law will make men honest, and it Is certain none has yet been devised that will make them prudent. OUR HARBOR NEEDS. The fact that will impress Itself most strongly upon the river and harbor committee of Congress, which will ar rive today, is that transportation facil ities are wholly inadequate In Oregon. So great is the . disadvantage from which the state suffers that our devel opment Is far behind that of the neigh boring States of Washington and Cali fornia. Large districts are isolated be cause they have no rail communica tion with the markets, while the outlet by sea does not meet requirements, If It is not positively dangerous. Coos Bay, "which has resources of timber, minerals and rich soil favorable to the various branches of agriqulture, Is only geographically connected with Oregon. Tillamook could manufacture and ship 150,000,000 feet of lumber a year If It had any way of getting the product to the Layer. Yaqulna Is worthy of at tention from the Government, for the two rich counties of Lincoln and Ben ton, of which it Is the harbor, If not for the large area tapped by its rail road. Nearly all of Oregon, the larger part of Washington and Northern Idaho have a vital interest in the im mediate improvement of the Columbia and its great tributaries, the Willam ette and the Snake, from the Pacific to the farthest point inland that boats can reach. Fully 75 per cent of the tonnage of the Northw.est Is affected by water transportation. The Columbia, the Wil lamette and the Snake Rivers, to say nothing of lesser streams like the Yam hill, the Lewis and others, share the haul with the railroads, and the one system of transportation Is, or should be, a check upon the other. The rivers are the highways of nature., the safe guards of the producer against the op pressions of railroad transportation. While every bay, inlet and stream that bears a commerce Is entitled to the fullest measure of consideration from the river and harbor committee, the chief project, the one which con cerns the greatest number of people and the highest money value of projects, is that which contemplates the opening of the Columbia to free navigation. There Is a disposition on the part of some to divide the improvement and put the lower stretch of the river to the front as the more worthy. We think this Is a serious mistake. While there are two plans for better naviga tion, one for the river below Portland and the other from The Dalles and Celllo eastward, they are In reality only one Improvement, and they Cannot be separated without danger to both pro jects and without" Ignoring the interests of a large number of people. Portland requires for Its commerce a 25-foot channel to Astoria, and a 40-foot chan nel at the mouth of. the Columbia. It requires for Its tributary country, for the food-producing regions which areJ to furnish the cargoes to be sent over the 25- and 40-foot channels, the re- moval of the obstructions between The Dalles and Celllo, and a free river to the centers of production and distribu tion in the Inland Empire. Though the Columbia River is the only fresh-water harbor on the Pacific Coast and one of the few harbors of that class in the United States, it has been Ignored with a persistence which leads one to believe that Congress is not alive to the commercial needs of Oregon and Washington. The Jetty at the mouth of the river, which was be gun with as many misgivings as marked the policy of Congress in as senting to Eads' work on the Missis sippi, increased the depth of water from 20 feet in 1835 to 31 feet in 1895. The present jetty made a channel which it Is not able to maintain, and the depth has phoaled between seven and eight feet in the past six years. To deepen the channel to 40 feet the Engineer Department has recommended that the Jetty be extended three miles, at an approximate cost of $2,500,000. This project should be authorized by Con gress and completed without Interrup tion. It took twenty years to complete the locks at the Cascades, and for that matter boats would not now be running to The Dalles If the State of Oregon had not forced the Government's hand by building a portage railway around the obstruction .in 1891. To make the Columbia an open river from the Pacific to Lewlston, to meet the pressing demands of rapidly in creasing population and production, all that Is necessary is to accept the plan for canal, locks arid dam between The Dalles and Celllo recommended by Captain W. W. Harts, United States Engineers. It will solve the problem at a cost of about $3,500,000. . It will open a stretch of over 200 miles of river to free navigation. This work, like the deep channel at the mouth of the river, should be undertaken at the earliest practicable moment and hurried -along. For $6,000,000 the Columbia River can be made to serve over 1,000,000 people. and provide a depth of water for a commerce that has called to its aid vessels of 9000 tons. Will any member of the river and harbor committee say that the price is too large for' the results to be achieved? THE BRITISH SOLDIER. The report of Captain S. L'H. Slo cum, of the Eighth Cavalry, who wa3 the military attache of the United States with the British Army in South Africa, has been made public by the War Department Captain Slocum's report Is exceedingly interesting as an authentic and Intelligent criticism of the British Army and Its operations by an impartial witness, who has himself been a' professional soldier for twenty two years. He speaks In highest terms of praise of the British soldier, and es pecially of Field Marshal Roberts, whom he regards as one of the greatest of living commanders. The most seri ous fault of the British officer and sol dier of all corps was his astonishing disregard of all ordinary precautions for his safety. The British Infantry always did splendidly, but they would rarely ever dig a trench, while the Boers intrenched at every opportunity and were invisible. The British soldier either did nothing or piled up a little parapej: of stones, visible for a long dis tance, nd consequently a target for the enemy's, guns, and -a source of death In Itself When struck by a shell. This very serious fault, the reluctance of the soldier to Intrench himself and the in difference of the officers to enforce this most necessary and vital precaution constituted the greatest defect In the British battle tactics, and cost them the largest percentage of their losses. If they had promptly intrenched their lines, as the combatants on both sides Invariably did during the great Wil derness campaign under Grant, and the Atlanta campaign under Sherman, the British losses would have been com paratively light during the campaign. The British Infantry never make rushes In their attacks, but march erect and calmly forward. Their mounted men sit erect on their horses when halted under hot fire at short range, waiting orders to advance, a perfect target, while by lying on their horses' necks they would have had some pro tection. They have not the Individual ity and resources of the Americans, but for Indomitable courage, uncom promising fortitude and Implicit obedi ence they are beyond criticism. The trouble with the majority of the Brit ish officers was that while they were as gallant as possible, they looked upon their army service as a mere incident in their lives, did not take their profes sion seriously, relied far too much upon the non-commissioned officers to as sume those duties which rightly and properly they themselves should per form. The British soldier sees too little Of his officer, and naturally in critical .times turns to his non-commissioned officer. Another serious fault of the British officer is his failure to make proper reconnolssance. Captain Slocum thinks the" cavalry of the United States Army as now drilled and Instructed is the best in the world to meet the new conditions 'Of war. That dismounted Are action for cavalry Is a necessary component of its success, he thinks there Is no doubt, and he expresses the opinion that the cavalry of this country is the only one in the world thoroughly drilled and Instructed In It He con siders that the day of large cavalry bodies meeting in a melee, like that between the French and Austrians at Eckmuhl, Is long past and that cav alry using- the long-distance carbine and Instructed as ours is to dismount quickly and use it, will defeat any opposing horsemen trying to get home with saber or lance. The average American soldier, after being thorough ly drilled and disciplined, is, with his distinctive individuality and ability to think and take care of himself, the best soldier In the world. Captain Slo cum thinks the Boers accomplished very little against the advance of Lord Roberts, whose progress they could have made uncertain and hazardous. Pretoria, too, was easily capable of a long defense. The present Boer mode of guerrilla warfare Is the most effect ive way of prolonging the contest. It Is a noteworthy fact that Cap tain Arthur H. Lee, of the British Army, who served with the United States Army in the Santiago campaign, says" in the June number of the Nine teenth Century that "the American reg ular is a much better man physically and Intellectually than the average British soldier. He Is a remarkably good shot, and has a positive genius for taking, or making cover. If his officer was wounded or killed, the American private was never at a loss what to do or as to how to continue the advance. The Seventh Infantry at El Caney lost a third of Its strength in a few hours' fighting, without any sign of demorai I izatlon. Private soldiers, with or with - out a non-commissioned officer, could be trusted to make an extended recon nolssance and give a clear, intelligent account of what they had "seen." The superiority of the American soldier con sists in his independence and resource, his capacity to take the initiative when it becomes necessary. Captain Lee hits the nail on the head when he says that while he thinks the organization of the American Army to be far in ferior to that of the British Army, yet "the individual American soldier Is, I believe, the best in the world, and for the simple and sole reason that he is paid better and treated better than any other." If Great Britain desires to avoid conscription, she will Increase the pay of the British soldier to the level of that of the AmeHcan regular, but If Great Britain prefers to have the army put on a conscript basis, the govern ment Is wise to cling to the poor pay now given. The report of General Joe Wheeler upon governmental conditions In Guam, made upon careful personal Investiga tion of the affairs of that island some months ago, was, by implication at least, the reverse of complimentary to those who had construed their tenure of authority Into an opportunity to "Americanize" that forlorn little island of the Pacific by the shortest possible route. Too thoroughly conversant with military ethics to censure openly the methods" of a brother officer. General Wheeler yet ventured some sugges tions that It was thought would set the higher authorities to thinking upon the matter with results that would prove satisfactory to the people of Guam. This, it seems, was an error, since late news from that Island Is anything but complimentary to the governmental conditions there existing. According to the Naval Commandant of the Island, Commodore Schroeder, "hcjodlumlsm and lawlessness" are rampant among the marines there stationed, 'while "gambling and drunkenness have brought the United States forces at the 'fort into disrepute." When lan guage so plain as this is used by a man in authority, through an official order which closes with the Imposition of re strictions upon the liberty of the ma rines, Investigation Is boldly courted. Vague intimations in such a case can do no more than set people to thinking, but specific charges like these form as .strong a basis for action as could be desired. Let us hope that the simple minded people of our smallest Insular province will speedily be given a gov ernment that will cause them to bless the day In which the United States cruiser Charleston entered their port, and, departing, left the Stars and Stripes floating where for generations orange and crimson bars had pro claimed the sovereignty of Spain. Na tional pride should join National duty In giving to these people a government suited to their simple needs and devoid of all unnecessary manifestation of ppwer certainly of everything that could be construed Into tyranny. The Catholics of this diocese, with the energy and generosity In church matters characteristic of sons of the Catholic Church everywhere, have ac quired what the Methodist people could not hold the Portland University prop erty on -the Peninsula. The site is an ideal one for a classical school, and the surroundings are all that can be desired. An orderly suburban com munity formed upon the basis of the educational Idea, with excellent local transportation facilities, and property acquired at perhaps a small fraction of its original cost, this new acquisition of the Catholics of this section com mends Archbishop Christie for busi ness sagacity as well as for devotion to the interests of his church and peo ple. The recent transfer of the Mteth odlst Hospital at Sunnyside to the Sis ters of Mercy, to be transformed Into a Home for the Aged, Is In the same line of sagacious endeavor. Creed means so little to people generally In this day and age of the world that a community may well congratulate Itself upon the advancement of educational and humanitarian purpose in Its midst, without stopping either to deplore or rejoice at the denominational lever by which It Is lifted or to consider the spe cial tenets of the sect that supplies the motive power. Regular and alternate appointments to Annapolis made by Representative Moody yesterday seem to be of estima ble young men, and It Is certain they are made for lltneps alone, without re gard to political or other favoritism. This was the case also with his ap pointments to West Point. It Is enough to break the spirit of any aspiring youth to see merit set aside for favorit ism. Nothing could be better calcu lated than Is Mr. Moody's method to give encouragement to the ambitious boys of the Second District. While the National Treasury has money to burn, states and cities every where are groaning under excessive taxation. The reason is that in customs and Internal revenue the Federal Gov ernment has appropriated the two su preme and limitless sources of easy revenue. That Is why It should be shrew parsimony regarding Internal improvements. Somebody must do it, and no organization can do It so easily as the General Government. The report that the pope is seriously 111 possibly means merely that the oil In. the life lamp of His Holiness runs low, causing the flame to flicker omin ously. It Is not probable that his en feebled body could sustain for an hour an acute attack of disease such as would be termed "a serious Illness." Time simply has the venerable prelate In hand, and Is perhaps pushing his long account with him to an early close. The failure of the Seventh National will not add greatly to the standing of the demand for abolishment of the Sub treasury. Why wasn't the postofflce money in the Subtreasury, where it be longs? Because Perry Heath's politi cal pull got It Into the bank. Fortu nately, the Government .is secured by deposits of bonds, but the hint as to favoritism if the Subtreasury were abolished Is too palpable to be missed. A heavy run of salmon packers is reported in New York. At the present rate the "combine" will be unable to perfect itself before the streams are all fished out. Marquand's failure Is ascribed to the Seventh. National, and the Seventh Na tional's collapse is due to Marquand. The honots are easy and not oppressive. Who was It said the time had gone by when fortunes like those of Stew art. Gould or Vanderbllt could be made J In this country? SOME FACTS ABOUT PORTLAND'S MARITIME COMMERCE. A considerable amount of the literature regarding seaports contains a number of v-?ue terras about the tonnage of vessels which can emer aim clear In safety from these ports. There Is much latitude in the term "six thousand-ton vessel," or "ten thousand-ton vessel," on account of the wide difference In weight and measure ment applied to different classes of freight. Portland hn dispatched more biff cargoei of flonr ami more uljr enr Koch of lnmlier tlinn have liccn sent from any other port in the world, and has also made a fairly good showing In dispatching big wheat cargoes. In or der to show the size of vessels which come and go between Portland and the sea, a few of the largest cargoes that have cleared from Portland are herewith given. The figures are accurate, as they arc taken from the shippers' manifest filed at the Custom-House. The export lumber trade Is comparatively new In Portland, and 'Ith one exception all of the record cargoes have been sent out by a single firm, the Pacific Export Lumber Company. The actual cargoes taken from Portland by a dozen of that company's chartered steamers Is as follows: Vessel. Lumber feet Nor. str. Guernsey 3,433.452 Br. str. Glenlochy 3,250.000 Br. str. Elm Branch 2,996,352 Br. str. Oak Branch 2,896,992 Br. st'r. Orange Branch 2.889. 34S Br. str. St. Bede 2S4S.802 Br. str. Goodwin 2.815,000 Br. str. Elm Branch 2.791.522 Br. str. Almond Branch 2.696.9C0 Br. str. Norman Isles 2.6S2.120 Br. str. Inverness 2,609.657 Br. str. City of Perth 2.508.1S4 Total 34.50S.3S9 Average cargo 2,750,003 Portland linn a record of over l, 000,000 barrels of flonr on i!" (itcnm em. The most of these vessels carried from 500 to 1500 tons of miscellaneous freight for the Orient, but the flour cargo for a dozen of the largest of the steam era was as follows: Vessel Flour, Bbls. Ger. str. Eva 52,000 Nor. str. Thyra 51,931 Ger. str. Eva 50,960 Br. str. Adato 50.425 Br. stt Strathgyle 49,813 Br. str. Arab 47.801 Br. str. Lennox 47.35S Br. str. Abergeldle 46.9SS Br. str. Mogul 16.345 Br. str. Abergeldle 45,594 Br. str. Braemar 45,493 Br. str. Mogul 45,000 Total 579.70S Average per cargo 48,309 barrels Single cargoes slightly larger than any of the above have been shipped on thu steamship Sylvanla, from Newport News, Va.; on the Goodwin, from Tacoma, and the Algoa, from San Francisco, but no other port in the "world hnx ever whipped a dozen enrRoen of flour averaging over 48,J100 barrel. As n wheat exporter, Portland ont rankn any other port on the Pacific Connt, and while larger cargoes are shipped from some other ports, the amount carried by some of the Portland wheat fleet may be of Interest The largest cargo of wheat ever taken out of Portland was shipped on the Dutch steam er Wllhelmlna, In February. It consisted of 214,879 bushels, and the steamer, draw ing 24 feet 7 Inches, made the hundred mile run from Portland to Astoria In nine hours' running time. Other big cargoes taken out by steamers were as follows: Wheat Steamers. Bushels. Dutch str. Wllhelmlna 214.879 Br. str. Teenkal 205.928 Br. str. Pak Ling 203.892 Br. str. Puritan 203.296 Br. str. Hyson 198,333 Br. str. Ettrlckdale 187,375 Br. str. Kaisow 182,269 Nor. str. Florida 177.940 Br. str. Chlng Wo 176,978 Br. str. Commonwealth 166,490 Total 1.917,380 Average per cargo 191,738 bushels The bulk of the wheat shipped from Portland Is handled by sailing vessels, which are towed between Portland and the sea. The largest sailing ship ever dispatched from here was the British bark Royal Forth, which carried over 5100 tons, and went down the river drawing 23 feet 6 inches. As with the steamship Wllhelmlna no lighterage was necessary. The Magdalene, which made the best time ever made by a sailing vessel of her size, was towed from Portland to Astoria, fully loaded, and drawing 23 feet 6 Inches. In 11 hours. A few of the big sailing cargoes which have cleared from Port land are herewith appended: Wheat Vessel. Bushels. Br. ship Royal Forth 172.02S Ger. ship Peter Rlckroers 165.8S0 Br. bark Crompton 163.352 Ger. bark Magdalene 161,152 Br. bark Trade Winds 160,316 Br. bark Cedarbank 156.666 Br. bark Austras'.a 155,600 Br. bark Springburn 152,735 Br. bark Balasore 152,320 Ger. bark Alsterufer 150,814 Total 1.590.86? Average per cargo 159.0S6 bushels The Serene Knnnan Deniocrnt. i Kansas City Journal. This Is the year In which Kansas Demo crats rise to sublime heights of principle and Independence: that Is to say. It Is the year In which there are no elections In Kansas. In the off years there Is not a more self-sufficient people on the faca of the earth than the Kansas Democrats. They decline any compromise of their con victions or attitude. They Indignantly decry fusion and give notice that would be allies must come to them or go their separate way. This lasts until an elec tion rolls round. Then the Kansas Demo crats glide gently down from their lofty perch and fall In meekly behind the Popu list bandwagon. They accept the Pop platform and vote the Pop ticket. That's what they will do next year and two years later. The Kansas Democrats are "amoosln' cusses." Not Eaaily Put Aalde. Chicago Tribune. Some manufacturers who have more protection than It is desirable they should havo are Insisting that there shall be no "tampering with the DIngley law," as If It were the embodiment of tariff wisdom for all time to come. There are Con gresmen who appear to agree with these manufacturers, or who know and dread the difficulties which always arise when an effort is made to revise and amend a tariff law. Nevertheless. It will not be an easy matter to put this question on one side when Congress meets. There is no longer that unanimity among manu facturers which used to exist, and which made the lowering of high duties on any product so hard a task. Information for Antln. Omaha Bee. The surrender of General Callles leaves only one officer of importance In Luzon who has not accepted the logic of events to cease further resistance. The United States has put down the most formidable rebellon ever organized In the Island, and competent observers state it Is under bet ter control than at any time during the Spanish regime. The provinces which were pacified earlier are enjoying a pros perity which Is proving a valuable les son to the remainder of the islanders. The City of Brotherly Love. Detroit Journal. The Quay syndicate secured for nothing from the Legislature of Pennsylvania and the Philadelphia Common Council fran chises worth millions of dollars, and only a few citizens of the city raised their voices In protest. A white man was stab, bed by a negro Saturday night In the same city of Penn, and a thousand per sons chased him a mile, and were only prevented from murdering him by the ar rival of the police. Queer town, Philadelphia. NOTE AND COMMENT. Perhaps Senator Depew's suggestion was merely hypnotic. The concert of the powers Is singing low, but It Is still accompanied by the loot. Senator Tillman calls Bryan a half baked Democrat, but Tillman is a little raw himself. Some men achieve fame, and others achieve only notoriety. Lincoln, Neb., pa pers pleasy copy. The June brides will have to form in line at rhe altar if they expect to get the for-thls-month-only glory. Advices from New London indicate that EH st'ill heeds the still small voice which counsels him tdget there. Jersey justice now comes forward to prove that Uam'.et was a base slanderer of old Father Antic, the law. Let us remember, little children, that the Fourth of July docs not begin till about the second day of the month. A bra'.n testing machine has been in vented by a Nebraskan. He expects to take it out of the state for its trial. An actor once played In Dubuque, In the role of a penniless duque, Which suited him well. Because It befell. That on payday there walked not the spuque. Isn't it possible that the disease which is killing off all the horses In New York is being spread by designing automobiles? Now doth the artless urchin Skip out and go to swim. And next year's census-taker Makes mention not of him. Hon. Arthur Pue Gorman announces that he wants to go back to the Senate. Something led us to suspect it all along. He who drinks and drinks all day May live to drink some other day. And keep on drinking until he's Afflicted sadly with D. T.'s. An English syndicate has paid J8.0O0.O00 for a Missouri zinc mine it has never seen. It took the astute Missourian to invent the zinc brick. Under the spreading meadow tree The weary hobo stands. And wishes that he owned the whole Of the adjacent lands. So he could each day eat a pie From both his strong right hands. But the purchase of fhelr paintings by American millionaires does not provoke the silent dust or soothe the dull, cold ears of the old masters. The parson prayed full loudly that The arouth might not remain. But when he found that ali his prayers Were sent aloft in vain. A picnic with the Sunday school He took; and fetched the rain. A young woman school teacher of Kan sas, on her way to the Philippines, where she Is to teach, writes thus to a friend: "Dear-Mazle: Yes. It Is true that I have signed a contract to teach three years In the Philippines and that contract looks pretty big and horrid to me now, for papa says the Government will hold me to It, whatever happens. But I don't believe the Government would force a girl to keep on teaching If one of those brave, noble Colonels or Captains asked it to let her off so he could-oh, you sly thing! You know what we talked about. Anyway, I am going, and If I come back with a mili tary title to my name won't you pokey things envy me? Your own, Cally." Oh! benign and mellow sunbeam, you may shine upon the earth. Killing all mankind with gladness, and the singing birds with mirth; You may kiss the dewey petals of the rare and fragrant rose. And scatter wide Its perfume on each passing breezo that blows; You may bring to fair fruition every spreading orchard tree. And nil the blooming flowers with sweet honey for the bee. But there's folks around about us who will view you with disdain. And, withdrawing to their closets, will put up a prayer for rain. Oh! thou tinkling crystal raindrop, falling softly from on high. Bringing earth a special blessing from tho gray and kindly sky. You may set the brooks a purling, and may paint the grasses green: You may wash, adorn and brighten every charming wayside scene. You may store your priceless treasures in some deep hid reservoir. For the use of Summer fountains when tho skies are gray no more. But In vain is your enchantment for a certain kind of men. Who will pray whene'er they see you for the. sun to shine again. Summer, with your golden grain fields; Win ter, with your spotless snow; Spring, with flowers; mellow Autumn, with your ruddy sunset glow. You may look your beat and brightest, clothe the earth with gold or white. Fill your moons with softest radiance to em- paradise the night. Burnish up the gleaming rivers, frost with silver hill and plain. But you'll find that all your efforts have been made, alas! in vain, For some men are so unwilling to accept their earthly lot, That you'll always find them howling for the things they haven't got. PLEASANTRIES OF PARAGRAPHERS "Did you ever notice what a supercilious expression Upnose has?" "Yes. He looks like . Chicago man visiting the Buffalo Exposi tion." Life. After tho Sermon. He I couldn't make out what he was driving at. could you? She Not very well; but how clever he must be to understand It all himself ! Brooklyn Life. A Chance for Him. "Ah!" sighed the ambi tious young poet, "I long to do some great service for American letters." "Why not stop writing?" suggested Miss Kandor. Philadel phia Press. Hard Lines. Subbubs I missed my regular train tfc's morning. Outown Annoying, isn't It? Subbubs I should say so! Why, I was half an hour late at the employment agency! - Puck. Mrs. Norr is Where have you been. Robby? I told you not to stir until I got back. Robby Well, I only went down to the doctor's to ask him whether I was well enough to go out yet. Town and Country. Host So sorry you have to be going. Guest Indeed I am, too. By the way. I'm not sure about my train. It's nlne-somethlng. but Host's Eldest It's 0:32. Pn said he hoped you'd take that one. Philadelphia Record. More Than Is Needed. "There Is one thing to bo sa'.d In favor of thee one-week court ships." he suggested. "And that !?" sh& asked. "When people are married with such promptness It gives them a longer period of life for repentance." Chicago Post. His Approval. "And did you find the Chi nese a hrav nation?" we asked of the returned soldier. "Indeed." he replied, casting a side long glance at the wagonful of loot which was being unloaded, "they were foemen worthy of our steal." Baltimore American. Every One Has Faults. "Yes," said the fair daughter of the eminent statesman. "father Is a nice man; but he Is just a little egotist ical." "What makes you think that?" "Aft er hearing my graduating essay he wants t3 keep on writing his own speeches!" Washing ton Star. Harry Wonder why it was that Frank and Bertha broke off their engagement? I under stood it was all arranged, even to tho mar riage day. Dick It was discovered that th wedding ring was marie by nonunion labor, so the clergyman refused to perform the cere mony, and no other minister In town dares to do it. Boston Transcript. S'