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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (March 25, 1901)
THE MOHNING OKEGONIAN, MONDAY, MARCH 25, 1901. BLOW AT FISHERIES AlaskaPackers Oppose Com pulsory Propagation. WOULD CLOSE THE CANNERIES Treasury Department Asked to Sus pend the Regulation and Appoint 'Commission to Locate Sites for Hatcheries. Portland packers who are Interested in the salmon fisheries of Alaska have headed a petition asking Secretary Gage, of the Treasury Department, to abrogate the regulation of May 2, 1900, and Feb ruary 18, 1901. requiring canners to estab lish and maintain artificial propagating plants. They say enforcement of the regulation would clooe every fishing estab lishment In Alaska, and involve a loss of millions of dollars. Six companies and corporations have signed, and Puget Sound, Astoria and California canners will be asked to co-operate- The signers are: George T. Myers & Co., Boston Fishing & Trading Com pany, by D. "W. Crowley, president; Thlinket Packing Company, by J. T. Bar ron, president; "Western Fishing Company, by M. G. Munly president; Taku Fishing Company, by J. L.. Carlson, president; Alaska Portland Packing Association, by Irank M. Warren, president. The petition sets forth that artificial propagation under present unfavorable conditions would be a costly experiment of doubtful value. The packers are not opposed to artificial propagation, but they think the work ehould be undertaken by the Government. They ask that a com mission be appointed to study the ques tion and select sites where the Govern ment should build hatcheries. They offer to pay for fry furnished to them. The regulation to which exception is taken is", in part, as follows: Each person, company or corporation taking ealmon In Alaskan waters shall establish and conduct, at or near the fisheries operated by him or them, a suitable artificial propagating plant or hatchery, and shall produce' yearly and place In the natural spawning waters of each fishery so operated red salmon fry In such numbers as shall be equal to at least lour times the number of mature fish taken from the said fisheries, by or for him, or them, dur ing the preceding fishing season. Discussing the regulation, the cannery jnen eay. In their petition: "Would Close All Canneries. The meaning of this provision Is not clear. It is not. certain what la meant by the word -fisheries." If It Is the Intention of this regulation to require a hatchery at each par ticular rl-er, stream or inlet fished, the duties of, those coming under Its provisions would be vastly lncroas-ed. as those engaged In that business In Alaska are obliced to fish many streams In order to secure enough flsh to make a pack. But It may be assumed for the purposes of this petition that the word "fish cry," as used in this regulation, means a sal mon cannery or saltery. as those operating ealterles or canneries are the only ones en gaged In the business of taking or catching salmon. This rerulation was no doubt made with the best -of intentions to subserve a wise pur pose, that Is, to preserve the salmon fisheries of Alaska. The undersigned, with a view of taking steps to comply with the law, as well as to conserve their own Interests, have given much study and consideration to the subject covered by this regulation, and are Irresistibly impelled to the conclusion that !t imposes Impossible obligations upon those en gaged in the fishing Industry In Alaska, and if enforced, would close up ever' fishing es tablishment in that district, and involve the loss of millions of dollars. The objections to tho said paragraph, briefly stated, are as fol lows: First The business of propagating salmon artificially Is still in the experimental stage, and the measure of success thus far attained in this field has been accomplished under the most skilled, scientific management, and un der the ' most favorable conditions. Those conditions are not present in Alaska, and skilled help is unavailable to meet the imme diate enormous demands of the great number of fishing enterprises required to observe this regulation. Second The conditions which present the greatest difficulties may be classed under the following heads: (1) Proper Food Supply. (2) Sufficient supply of pure water. (3) Climatic differences between Alaska and the states where hatchery experiments have been hither to conducted: and (4) owing to the numbers and destructlveness of the natural enemies of the salmon fry which are found in vastly greater numbers In the natural salmon spawn ing waters of Alaska than elsewhere, the planting of fry in the ordinary way would result In their destruction In such numbers as to make results valueless. Third The artificial propagation of salmon Is a science requiring special scientific knowl edge, special training and special skill. (1) in the construction of suitable buildings and mechanism, ard In the operation of the hatch ery plant; (2) In the manipulation and care of salmon for spawn; (3) in the care and treatment of salmon esgs and salmon fry. both subject to many peculiar ailments and diseases which can only be diagnosed and treated by persons having proper scientific knowledge and practical skill. These difficulties will be discussed in the inverse of the order above stated. o Skilled Help in Alaska. A careful study of the manual of flsh cul ture below referred to makes It plain that only those with scientific knowledge and practical experience and skill could hope either to construct buildings suitable or proper for natcnory purposes, or operate the same, or properly take or transport or manipulate the salmon in securing the spawn, or care for the spawn until hatched, or the fry after hatching, and until the period for planting ar rives. This Is apparent from a reading of the said manual from pages 22 to 56 Inclusive. This is particularly true- ts to the diagnosis and treatment of diseases and aliments of the spawn and fry. which subject Is explained at length on pages 52 to 50, In said manual. It is certain that no one would be expected to succeed who. without previous experience or knowledge, would engage In the manufacture of the ordinary commercial products; and yet it cannot be doubted that there is as much knowledge and expsrlence required as In making cheese or chocolate, boats or brandy, lumber or leather. Some Idea of the scope of hatchery work may be obtained from a glance at the various subheads and titles in the chapters on salmon propagation In the said manual, to-wlt: "Site," "Dams and Conduits," "Aeration." "Filtering." "Collection of Stock Salmon." "Taking and Impregnating the Eggs," "Conditions Affecting Fecundation of Eggs." "Winter Care of Eggs." "Hatching Apparatus and Methods," "The Sac Stage," "Care of the Fry." etc At least one ex perienced and skilled person would bo required to superintend each hatchery; but it would not be possible to provide e-en that number of competent help for the number of plants re quired under this law. In brief, all successful hatchery work predicates experienced and cap able management. a3 the discussion of the matters which follow will show. Food Supply Insufficient. The regulation required the "production and planting of fry In such numbers as shall be equal to at least four times the number of matured fish taken from the fisheries by him or they during the preceding fishing season." There are annually over 750.000 cases of 48 one-pound cans each of red flsh put up In the District of Alaska. This would represent about 7.500,000 red flsh. and the fry required to be produced under this regulation would be 30.000.000. The food found most satisfactory and successful In the conduct of salmon hatch eries is raw meat or beef liver, or butchers offal, alternated with wheat middlings as the flsh grow older. Maggots produced from fresh meat have also been found to be most satisfactory food. The revised edition of the manual on fish culture issued by the United States Commission on Flsh and Fisheries (1000) on page 15, says: The best food for salmon fry is some kind of meat, finely pulverized. Boiled liver Is es pecially good for this purpose, partly because It Is Inexpensive and easily obtainable, and also because it can be separated Into very fine particles. Raw liver is also excellent, and may be reduced Into as fine particles as the cooked liver by grinding or chopping, and then properly straining It through a fine-mesh screen. The yolk of boiled eggs is also suit able; but Is much more expensive than liver, and Is not so good for the flsh as liver, un less largely mixed with It. As the flsh grow older they continue to thrive best on meat food, but If that Is not always obtainable in sufficient quantities or on account of Its expense, a very good substitute is a mixture of shorts or commeal with the meat An ordinary pack of a small cannery would be 20,000 cases, averaging 10 flsh to the case. This pack would represent 200,000 salmon. Allowing for losses after spawning and before the fry are matured, this pack would, under this regulation, oblige the production of about 1,000,000 fry, and. according to the best au thorities, this number of fry would require at least 1500 pounds of beef liver per month. In addition to other food. The food require ment of the total annual Alaska pack, as above stated, would be a simple matter of calculation. Owing to the distance of Alaska, from any large meat-consuming center, H would be impossible to secure this, the best class of food, or breed maggots on account of the climate, or supply any food except the wheat middlings preparation. Canned salmon has been fed to salmon fry as an experiment, but we have been assured by E. N. Carter. the efficient supervisor of the Clackamas hatch er'. In Oregon, from whom much valuable Information has been obtained In this connec tion, that this food is not to be recommended, as, according to his experience, the fry fed on it have been attacked with an obscure nervous disorder of an acute character, which resulted in the death of the young fry In large numbers. Fresh flsh of some suitable kind would have to be provided, but what kind of fresh flsh. and its preparation, would be a matter of experiment. Artificial .Supply of Pure Water. This is of the utmost importance, as we shall learn from discussion of this particular branch of the subject in the manual of flsh culture above referred to. It is well known, however, that the fresh waters of Alaska are either surface of glacial waters. Large areas In that district, esppclally along the coast, are absolutely without soil, except a thin layer of vegetable mold, and no stream or water supply Is found which is fed by springs. This makes It difficult to secure any suitable fresh water supply without the aid of some expens ive artificial method of purification to free the waters either from glacial matter carried in solution and suspension, or surface impurities and fungus, boih destructive of salmon spawn. In his report of the "Salmon Fisheries of Alaska" (18.K). by Captain Moser, a refer ence Is made to this feature on page 115 of that report, relating to a amall hatcher' oper ated at Klawak. Alaska. Cllmntic Differences. Thesa are apparent. There have been one or two attempts at artificial propagation of sal mon In Alaska, but with doubtful results. It would be moot difficult In many of the can nery and fisher' sites to erect suitable build ings, except with enormous expense, or to operate the same successfully, on account of the low temperature prevailing during the "Winter season, when salmon spawn, and fry would be In need of most protection. In a small hatcher' at Itcdflsh Bay, Baranoff Island. Alaska. In 1890, the F&lmon eggs wcro frozen solid and destroyed. (Report of Captain Moser. page 120.) The Enemies of Snlmon Fry. The greatest enemy of the almon fry Is the salmon trout. Each particular (.pedes of salmon is followed by schools of salmon trout, almost equal in numbers to the salmon them selves, which prey upon the eggs and salmon fry. and the planting of salmon try before It Is capable of defending Itself from this enemy, and also the herring and other enemies of the salmon trout, which Infest Alaskan waters in large numbers, would almost nullify efforts in this direction. It may be said that where salmon can breed naturally they may be hatched artificially, but the answer Is that artificial methods and natural processes are widely distinct lr. their operations. In their natural course salmon spawn may be safely hatched under a glacier or grinding icebergs, where spawn artificially taken requires a com paratively high and equable temperature, and the most careful and delicate treatment. What the Cnnners "Want. Hatcheries are undoubtedly required to per petuate the salmon industry, and those who have invested In salmon fisheries are more concerned In their preservation than any other class. It is the wish of the under signed to avoid the appearance of dictation to the department as to the course to be pur sued in this matter, but would suggest that two or more central hatching stations be con structed by the Government at some favorable point where the same can be successfully op erated, and where fry can be reared In suf ficient numbers to a suitable age for planting In those waters, and could be supplied to those Interested in the fishing business upon terms and conditions both Just and equitable. Inasmuch as canneries are now obligated to pa ya heavy license tax to the general Gov ernment, they feel that the Government might see its way clear to undertake this work as a return for the same. To the end that this work may be Intelligently and promptly Initi ated, the undersigned recommend that some person or persons with the proper scientific knowledge and equipment be appointed to select proper sites for such hatcheries, and until the final determination of these matters, that the regulation in question be abrogated or suspended. SUCCESSOR TO BR0SIUS. Speculation ns to "Who Will lie Chair, man of Banking nnd Currency. "WASHINGTON. March 20. The death of Representative Brosius makes vacant the chairmanship of the much-sought committee, that of banking and curren cy. In the natural course of events, this position would fall lo the next ranking Republican member of the committee, who Is Charles N. Fowler, of New Jersey. There is some speculation as to whether or not this place will be tendered Mr. Fowler, for the reason that In the past he has had some serious differences with the Republican members of that committee, which may operate against him. At any rate, some of the members of the com mittee will use their bes tefforts to pre vent the appointment Of Mr. Fowler' to this chairmanship. The next ranking member to Mr. Fowl er is E. J. Hill, of Connecticut, a member who has made a good record for himself while in Congress, and who is quite pop ular among his colleagues. The remain der of the Republican membership of the committee, as now made up, is as follows: Prince of Illinois, Capron of Rhode Isl and, Lane of Iowa, Calderhead of Kan sas, Overstreet of Indiana, Loverlng of Massachusetts and Shattuc of Ohio. In this connection, it is interesting to note that for several years past Repre sentative McCleary, of Minnesota, has been the ranking member of the banking and currency committee, but at the be ginning of the 55th Congress he surren dered this place for a place on the com mittee on appropriations. Were it not for this fact, he might now be chairman of the committee on banking and curren cy. Mr. McCleary has made a great study of financial questions, and since his en trance in the House has been closely identified with currency legislation. He is peculiarly fitted for this vacant chair manship, but it is doubtful if he would surrender his place on the appropriations committee for the chairmanship, as ap propriations is by far the choicest com mittee in the House. There Is a possibil ity that he might be appointed chairman of the banking and currency committee and etIH retain his position on appropria tions, but two such plums as that seldom fall to the lot of any member In the House of Representatives. Meanwhile, owing to the complicated state of affairs, there will be a mighty scramble for this choice chairmanship, and from now until the organization of committees in the 57th Congress, the Speaker will be flooded with requests, petitions and all sorts of indorsements and applications. If neither Mr. Fowler nor Mr. Hill secure the chairmanship, there is little or no clew as to which way the wind will blow DR. LORD ON GAMBLING MAJORITY OF PORTLAND PEOPLE OPPOSED TO GAMES. Play Is Wholesome, but Playing for Stakes Brinies Out Man's Base Instincts. Rev. W. R. Lord's subject at the Uni tarian Church yesterday morning was "Gambling." He aligned the force. which favor and oppose gambling .and stated the interest which each has iu the subject. Summing up, he said the majority of the people of Portland are against public gambling. People, he said, love play, but playing for money brings out their baser lns.tlncts. In the intro ductory. Dr. Lord referred to present con ditions relating to gambling in Portland. Continuing, he said: "There is a struggle on between those organized in the Interest of law enforce ment and the gambling element and their friends. Those opposed to law enforce ment are: "First Those directly interested; that is, the professional gamblers. "Second Those Indirectly interested-saloon-keepers and keepers and occupants of brothels. "Third Those few whose business, more or less legitimate, !b really benefited by public gambling. "Fourth Those who think the city is benefited in a business way, a benefit which they, perhaps, suppose they share. "Fifth Those who believe that gambling will be carried on extensively any way, and that the city should recognize it, and derive revenue through systematic fines. "Sixth Those, they are few, I believe, who in the name of liberty, would let the worst come to pass. "Seventh Political Interests, in league with this civic and moral curse. "Eighth Cowards, who uphold outward ly, what they inwardly disapprove. The men who are willing that others should stand on the firing-line for the sake of these cowards' own families and the city's welfare, and who whisper, 'Don't tell any body how I stand.' "On the other side are arrayed: "First Those who see clearly that moral conditions are necessary to the true wel fare of the city. These act in entire dis regard of so-called business considera tions. It would not matter if the busi ness prosperity of the city depended upon gambling. They act as most any father and mother would with reference to their children. They would not purchase finan cial prosperity for their offspring which Involved the offspring in crime. These are the energetic, unfailing, persistent enemies of gambling, on grounds of public welfare. "Second The few who see clearly that public gambling is bad for the city in a business way. "Third The large number who have some religious sensibilities and whose sympathies are, consequently, on the right side, but who are not as yet much in evidence In the struggle, but are to be relied upon when the call is given. There are some people, no doubt, who' cannot see how religion can be opposed to gamb ling In an organized and effective way. They do not see how religion should take hold on the practical things of life. They are like the colored brother who Informed the new minister that he would have to let chicken-stealing alone and stick to the gospel, or he would have no congrega tion. This story has been suggested by the expressed objection of some to min isters taking an active part in the sup pression of public gambling. "Between these two opposing forces, there is a larger or smaller Indifferent class. But, counting all the heads, as things now stand, there is, undoubtedly. In this city, a large majority against public gambling. There are, however, too many who favor it. We must expect the people of the first three classes who favor it to remain arrayed against any effort to suppress or repress it But there should be gathered on the opposing side every one else in this city. To all those who have not yet Joined in law enforcement, let mo speak a plain word upon games, gaming and gambling. "Every wholesome man and woman, like a wholesome child, loves play within the limits of adult activities and duties. The play instinct has no ulterior end. A child playing dolls has perfect satisfac tion in the play itself; it does not play dolls for candy or anything beyond. The Greeks understood the nature of pure play and never corrupted it by any touch of mercenarlness. The winner in the great est contest In the Olympic game bore away, as symbol of his victory, only a laurel wreath. "Gaming begins when into the game is introduced something to be reckoned In terms of price, something to make the game more Interesting, small takes, etc. When this is done, one of io things is true: Something is the matter, with the game, or with us. A game which cannot command our Interest without some ad ditlonafmducement to engage In it, lacks an essential element of a pure game. Games which depend upon betting for their interest and support are evil." Mr. Lord used as an illustration of a pure game the American game of baseball. "This, for 40 years," he said, "has kept the enthusiastic interest and support of the people, the game being always con ducted without any dependence upon gambling or the .gambling element, al though gamblers, of course, have used that game as they have any game, as an opportunity for chance. ."On the other hand, horseraclng has never been able to maintain Itself In this country or In England apart from gam bling. Now. what Is the matter with us when we cannot be interested in a game unless something of value Is Involved? The answer Is. We have corrupted our pure-play Instinct with the basest of de sires, namely, the desire for gain. Nay, more. Is It not true, that when a person gets to the point where a game Is more interesting because he may gain from an other, or lose himself something of money value, the fountains of pure character have been poisoned? "We see that card parties with prizes are, therefore bad, because they substitute nn illegitimate for a legitimate interest. Again, see how money considerations In games are destructive of true relations in social Intercourse. How Impossible the finer sympathies and subtle bonds of friendship, when I carry away from my friend money won at the card table, or leave with him money lost there! If money is sufficiently valuable to us to add Interest to a game, it cannot, when lost or won, no matter how wealthy we are, but affect these finer personal rela tions. It is notorious that parlor gaming is most practiced everywhere in that class of society recognized as hollow and insin cere. "And now, about what Is recognized aa gambling. It is fairly startling to find an occasional man who does not see that gambling in its very nature must be wrong In all legitimate money trans actions between men, there must be the element of value received and given. If there Is anything short of this, one party has been robbed of the difference between value received and value given. This Is the basic principle of all honest trade. Gam bling is trying to rob another at the risk of being robbed yourself. Justification is not to be found in that the chances may be even; so they may be In dueling, but civilized society has come to look upon a man who kills another under such condi tions as a murderer. Why, then, is a gam bler not a robber? "Again, see what effect the living .by chance has upon character. Take a man who has the self-respect which comes from the consciousness of earning his way in the .world. The food he and his family eat. the clothes they wear, are the equiva lent of honest service rendered to so ciety. Let him substitute for this honest service the chances of a game, and sec the rapid decline In manhood. Next, it Is trifling with a passion that may lead one to stake at the gaming table not only the bread of his family, but even a child. It is well known in certain circles that this was once done by a member of a distin guished family, who stood high in the councils of the Nation. "Then let us see that gambling belongs essentially to barbarians. It is a recog nized fact thnt gambling Is more general among savages and semicivilized peoples than among the more advanced and civ ilized. It Is because these people have not yet arrived at a consciousness of the moral relations of propriety. An apology that many make for Indulging in gambling is that some sorts of business are essen tially gambling. The argument In sub stance being tnat because there is a good deal of stealing In the world already, there Is no harm In there being more of It. A man might as well argue that be cause half the city Is burned, he may as well burn a few more houses. "What are the legal aspects of public gambling? Why ought it to be repressed, and, as far as possible, suppressed? Prin cipally to remove temptation from all classes, especially from the innocent and young. It has been said that such temp tation la needed to develop strong charac ters in our young men. God knows there will be temptations enougn left to to us after we have removed every one we possibly can. Do we not pray, 'Lead us not into temptation'? What a mad de nial of our prayer to leave In our paths such an allurement to vice! "The second reason for repressing pub lic gambling Is that It Is against the pub lic welfare, not alone on the moral, but on the economic side. In' a large way and in the long run, moral and economic con siderations are coincident. If it were possible that they could be contrary, this world would be a universe without moral order. It is astonishing that any man can be so ignorant, of the simplest eco nomic principles s not to see that gam bling Is destructive of genuine business prosperity. "In the first place, professional gam blers are leeches' on society. They must be supported by the work of other people. They are enemies of thrift. That city or town Is prosperous whose inhabitants build and adorn homes and Invest their money in productive industries? Gambling busi ness men and clerks are disslpators of wealth. They lose at the gaming table money which should go to discharge given Indebtedness at the grocer's, at the tail or's, and so on. How absurd, because public gambling benefits a few- stores In certain lines of business, to argue that It Is good for the city at large. "The third reason for repressing public gambling Is that it Is against the public welfare on the political side. It Is no torious that whenever public gambling is recognized or tolerated by public of ficials, the moral level of civic life is low, and the expense of civic government Is large. It has been true in New York. It Is true In Chicago. It must be true every where. Vice and crime are costly, not alone In the character of men and women, but In dollars and cents, when our mu nicipal governments are on good terms with them. To license gambling, under the guise of fines, because our public revenues are low, would be like pouring a stream of foul water into one of our res ervoirs because the water was low, and thus poison our public life at Its sources. "From the economic as well as the moral Elde, our city cannot afford to be, through our officials, on tolerant and in timate terms with gamblers whom they have sworn to treat as criminals. For every dollar so obtained our city must pay awful Interest, In the character of our citizens, young and old, and In the ex pensive government which gambling inter ests always maintain." Mr. Lord concluded by reading a state ment by Judge William Travers Jerome, of the Court of Special Sessions, New York City, concerning the character of professional gamblers and gambling in New York. Judge Jerome has beer the leading spirit In the recent gambling raids in that city, and has before him all those arrested. ' NO CALLERS AFTER THREE Secretary Root Departs From Prac tice of Cabinet Ofllcers. WASHINGTON, March 19. Reference has been made several times to the in dependence of Secretary Root. Of course, this Independence usually causes a kick somewhere. The latest is because of his determination not to be Interrupted for any purpose whatever after 3 o'clock each day. All the doors leading from the corridor Into the Secretary's office, the chief clerk's office or any adjacent office which can reach the Secretary are to be closed at 3 o'clock. The messengers are to disappear from the corridors and go Inside the big waiting-room, there to carry such messages as the Secretary de sires, and to assist in clearing up the busi ness of the Secretary's office. Of course, if a man thoroughly understands the ropes he can get inside and take his chances of seeing the Secretary some time between the hours of 3 and 5 or 6 o'clock, when ever the Secretary goes home. Some Sen ators are occasionally admitted If they know how to get in. There are also ways of telephoning into the Secretary's office and announcing that some particular per sonage wants to see the Secretary of War and Is coming In, and the doors will be opened. But the general public Is shut out. The Secretary's reasons for closing up the office are that he cannot transact the business of the department that actually needs his attention unless he has a por tion of the day undisturbed. That being the case, there Is no particular reason why he should be disturbed. It is clearly a matter of taste with him, and If he does not possess that faculty of seeing a lot of people and turning them off. going "back and continuing his work, then he Is rlgnt in refusing to see them. This ac tion on the part of Secretary Root is rather an innovation, as Cabinet officers generally do not close up their offices, al though they reserve the right to refuse to see visitors who come to see them on business. Secretary Root does not seem to care whether his course is approved by tho general Washington public or not. FOR VANCOUVER B. C. Steamer Malnlander, In order to accom modate Portland patrons, now leaves Se attle at 10 P. M. Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays. r e elm That's the way it begins. Little things disturb you. You are irritable, restless and worry over trifles. Your heart jumps and palpitates at every sudden noise, you can't concentrate your mind on your work, your memory fails and you do not sleep well at night. In the morning you feel weak and exhausted, with no appe tite for food and no ambition for exertion of any kind. Nervous prostration has wo terrors for those who use Ds0 Miles It stops the nervousness, soothes the irritation, quickens the pulse, stimulates fhe dig tion, induces refreshing sleep and infuses snap, energy and vigor into the whole system. Sold by all dr aggists oa a guarantee. GOOD FIELD FOR GRAFTERS ALASKA EXPEXSES COME HIGH TO THE UMTED STATES. Official Reports Shoiv That Dl.Tercnt Prices Arc Paid for Same Articles Prisoners Revel in Luxury. WASHINGTON, March 21. A perusal of the recent report of the Attorney-General on account of judicial officers for the sec ond district of Alaska, brings out some rather amusing, and, in some cases, sur prising disclosures. It is 'true that sup plies cost more In Alaska than In the states, and that transportation charges are heavy, but the fact remains that much might have been saved In many in stances if certain classes. of supplies had been purchased in the states and shipped to Alaska. Moreover, there is a vast deal of discrimination In many instances. The price paid in one Instance does not govern the price paid In another. But as to de tails:1 It is Interesting to note that a desk was purchased for the United States Attor ney's office at a cost of -$150. and a type writer desk for the same office at $65. No doubt this was fine furniture. But added to this, the United States Attorney toist ed his feet on chilly days on a "Charter Oak" heater which cost the Government ?50. How humiliating it must have been to Judge Noyes when he learned of these prices, and found that he was writing on a 5Wk7 although The m.,- have derived some comfort from a fiO Turkish rug and a $5 bookcase. Judge Noyes, however, had some ad vantages over the United States Attorney. For Instance, he paid a carpenter ?S for eight hours' work in the courtroom, using up 51 25 worth of lumber and nails. Mare than this, he had the satisfaction of see ing the Government pay to for having eight sacks of his mail hauled to his chambers on one occasion, and an addi tional $S for hauling 13 sacks a week or so later. Moreover, even when his duties beset him most thickly, he must have re membered a Pullman ride from Minneap olis to Sattle at Government expense and 12 days when his subsistence cost the Government 510 per day, while en route. These things, ali In all, must have con soled him in a measure for having 'been slighted in the matter of desks. The expenditures at the Nome Jail are sometimes appalling, at other times amus ing. Think of paying J45 a ton for coal, in the middle of July. There were pris oners eaUng a smoked tongue, for which 512 50 was expended. It Is rather amusing. In looking over a full list of supplies pur chased for the subsistence, to find an Item, "two bars Ivory soap. 25c." when the other supplies are In sufficient quan tities to last a month. Think of two bars of soap going the rounds of the jail for three or four weeks. The Item, "two cans lye and two cans, chloride lime." may of fer some explanation, however. Roast beef, peaches, cream and syrup are among the articles furnished the prisoners. In the matter of clothing for prisoners are found the greatest discrepancies. For Instance, one man charged with murder was outfitted with socks at 25 cents per pair and overshlrts at 51 25 apiece. A lit tle further along we find that ?G Is the price of a full suit of underwear, and $1 the price of a pair of socks. Prisoners wearing 51 socks, even at Alaska or Nome prices, could have no cause for complaint on that score. Five dollars seems to be the prevailing price for a pair of shoes, and 54 Is the uniform price of. blankets. Evidently women prisoners are favored at Nome, for the statement contains this item: "Two mattresses for women pris oners, 510." There may be some question whether mattresses at that price are an advantage over the ordinary Jail bed, how ver. Coal, at Nome, as elsewhere, seems to be a fluctuating commodity. We find that at the end of August Government coal cost 537 50 per ton. but by the middle of September It had risen to 550 per ton. Yet these prices are certified to as "rea sonable." By way of contrast, it is stated by miners who spent the season at Nome that plenty of coal could be had for from 520 to 530 a ton. Evidently one good way to get rich at Nome is to engage as court stenographer. The gentleman holding down this position last year drew a salary of 5250 per month, and an additional allowance of 5102 50, cov ering board at 52 50 per day, and room rent at 540 per month. Contrast this with the allowance for the Janitor who cared for the Judge's chambers and offices, re ceiving only 520 per month and no ex penses. Of course, the Janitor had no pull. As heretofore stated, it may be said that some of these Items are not extravagant, because Alaska prices were high. But this does not excuse the payment of prices In advance of what was paid by private individuals. Alaska seems to be a good place for grafters, almost as good as Washington when Congress Is in ses sion. Morgan's Precarious Tnwlc. ' San Francisco Bulletin. The success of the Morgan Steel Trust Is by no means assured. The Napoleon of finance who organized this trust treat ed his prospective customers with con tempt. He took the stock of companies most of which had already inflated their stock beyond its real value, and added at least 25 per cent to their Inflated val ues. The lowest estimate of "water" in the stock of the Morgan syndicate is $300,000,000. This Is In round numbers one fourth of the stock and bonds of the new company. The ability of the new company to earn dividends on this wat ered stock depends entirely upon its abil ity to control the output of Iron mines. In an effort to control the output of iron mines that Is, of the natural sources of supply to a great Industry the new company will encounter obstacles that do not lie In the way of the trust operator who relies upon superior skill In workmanship and superior business methods to acquire con trol of the market for his product. It Is not probable that all the iron and coal mines the earth contains are known at the present time. A monopoly of those known to be in existence will stimulate capital to seek new treasures. The Mor gan trust, with Its inflated capital de- mandlng compensation, will be subject to competition against steel plants that will only have to pay Interest on the cash In- llSim. HR vested in their works. At the present time the Morgan trust bears all the ear marks of a speculation. A good many millions may. however, be made by seli Ing the "watered" stock on a market boomed by trust newspapers. But combi nations org nized to permanently control i great industry must be constructed on soY.d cash foundation and conducted on a lifcc principle. But the State Pays for It. Albany Democrat. One hundred and forty-eight Unlverslty of Oregon students pledged 5243S for a new Y. M. C. A. building, an averagts of nearly $20 each. There's loyalty for you, at a time when most students have their hands full getting their education. J. H. McCIung and George MIdglcy will build a large two-story brick business block at Eugene, at the corner of Seventh and Willamette streete. this Summer. Ideal For Children. " As an antiseptic and hygienic mouth Trash, especially where there are artificia dentures, and for the aire and preserva tion of the teeth nnd gums, I cordially recommend oozodont. I con sider it the ideal dentifrice for children's use." Sample for 3c AXTISEPTIC P'TSZPb. tiCs F l rAJ r? &i rem i W L& W i 3HSSES5E3E2 ss Fortho TEETH and BREATH. ! Bymail;25and75c,HALL&rlucKn,N.Y.O and all the rest of the good cooks know that a shortening agent must be unobtrusive when pies or bis cuits are to be made, but clever as they are, they couldn't hide the "lardy" taste in those good things to eat as long as hog fat was the only shortening and so when Cottolene made its appearance all of them joined in a mighty chorus of praise, because of its splendid shortening properties and entire absence of taste or odor. It is a product made from refined vegetable oil, and makes a" crust that is as healthful and nutritious as it is appetizing and delicious. You will do well to read the free offer at the bottom of this ad, re garding some literature which tells more fully what White Cottolene is and how to use it. The N. K. Fairbank Company Chicago Sole Manufacturers. COCCI Our dainty booklet. rXL"L-i "A Public Secret." mailed free to any address. For two 2c stamps we will send free our 125-page recipe book. "Horns Helps," edited by Mrs. Rorer. P.S. No hg fat in Cottolene. CUT OUT THIS AD. Enclose It to Me With Ten Dollars And I will furnish you all complete, ready for use, my 1901 Model No. 7 SANDEN ELECTRIC BELT. It is superior in make, quality and power to any belt offered by other dealers for which they charge 540. ESTABLISHED THIRTY YEARS. Write todny for my latent book.i, "Henltli In Xatnre," and "Strength; Its Umc and Abuse by Men." . A. T. SANDEN Cor. 4th and Morrison PORTLAND OREGON A PESTIFEROUS GERM. BnrroTrs T-.p the Scalp Into DnndrnfE and Saps the Hair's Vitality. People who complain of falling hair as a rule do not know that It Is the result of dandruff, which Is caused by a pestif erous parasite burrowing up the scalp as It digs down to the sheath In which the hair Is fed in the scalp. Before long the hair root Is shriveled up and the hair drops out. If the work of the germ Is not destroyed hair keeps thinning till baldness comes. The only way to cure dandruff is to kill the eerm. and until now ' there has been no hair preparation that ', would do it; but today dandruff Is easily eradicated by Newbro's Herplcide, which makes hair glossy and soft as silk. 2G 3ths k lr 0 "I was a sufferer for many months from nervous disorders that seriously affected my health and peace of mind. I was very irritable and restless, and suf fered a great deal from palpitation of the heart and sleeplessness. A friend induced me to try Dr. Miles' Nervine, and I was so much relieved by the first bottle that I continued its use and in a few weeks my health was completely restored" Mrs. Sarah Hepler, Winfield, Kan. 1 tIT V 2LEI$-8 Dr. Tylilcs Medical Co., Ktfrfiart, Ind. THE PALATIAL OHEBONIAN BUILDING ill if il lilt J it 1 1 iMfflUB Is V3& J" Xot a dnrk oilier in the lmildinsi absolutely fireproof; electric lijiJit. nnd nrtcslnn water; perfect rmnltn tion anil thorough ventilation. I31e. vntors run day and nijrht. Rooms. AINPLIE. DR. GEORGE. Physician... Ooa-GUJ ANDERSON. GCSTAV. Attorney-at-Law. . .OU ASSOCIATED PKESS: E. L. Powell. Mgr.SUtf AUSTEN. F. C., Manager for Oregon and Washington Bankers' Life Association, of Des Moines. la.. I I SO'J-303 BANKERS' LIFE ASSOCIATION. OF DES MOINES. IA.; F. C. Austen. Msr...6O-0OJ BAYNTUN. GEO. R.. Manager lor Chas. Scrlbner's Sons 513 BEALS EDWARD A.. Forecast Official U. S. Weather Bureau 010 BENJAMIN. R, W.. Dentist 3U BINSWANGER. DR. O. S.. Phya & Sur.410-il BROOKE. DR. J. M.. Phys. & Surg 703-700 BROWN. MYRa. M. P 31S-3U BRUERE. DR. G. E.. Physician.. .-HIMIS-IU CANNING. M. J U02-(iu3 CAUKIN. G. E.. District Acent Travelers" Insurance Co 713 CAKDWELL. DR. J. R. 5oJ CHURCHILL. MRS. E. J 71C-717 COFFEY. DR. R C. Phya. & Surgeon... 700 COLUMBIA TELEPHONE COMPANY CO4-CO3-COS-0O7-H13-G14-C13 CORNELIUS. C. W.. Phys. and Surseon...20J COVER. F. C. Cashier Equitable Life 30d COLLIER. P. F.. Publisher; S. P. McGulre. Manager 413 DAY. J. G. & L N 213 DAVIS. NAPOLEON'. President Columbia Telephone Co C07 DICKSON. DR. J. F.. Thyslcian 713-71 DRAKE. DR. H. B.. Physician. ..ol:-013-01t DWYER, JOE E.. Tobaccos 403 EDITORIAL ROOMS Eighth Floor EQUITABLE LIFE INSURANCE SOCIETY. L. Samuel. Mgr.; F. C. Cover. Cashier.. .20C EVENING TELEGRAM 323 Alder street FENTON. J. D.. Physician and Surg. .50D-510 FENTON. DR. HICKS C; Eye and Ear... 51 1 FENTON. MATTHEW F.. Dentist 500 GALVANI. W. II.. Engineer and Draughts. man coo GAVIN. A.. P.-esIdent Oregon Camera Club. - 214--J15--J1G-217 GEARY. DR EDWARD P.. Physician and Surgeou. ." 2l"-13 GIESY. A. J.. Physician nnd Surgeon. .7u3-71u GILLESPY. SHERWOOD. General Agent Mutuai Life Ins. Co 40-l-lOj-lOJ GODDARD. E. C. & CO.. Footwear Ground floor. 120 Sixth mreet GOLDMAN. WILLIAM. Manager Manhat tan Llfn Ins. Co.. of New York 2UU-210 GRANT. FRANK S.. Attorney-at-Luw Uir HAMMOND. A. B 3Vt HOLLISTER. DR. O. C. Phys & Surg.504-:0r IDLEMAN. C. M.. Attorney-at-La.w.41ii-17-13 JOHNSON. W. C. 315-31G-317 KADY. MARK T.. Supervisor of Agents Mutual Reserve Fund Life Ass'n OK-C03 LAMONT. JOHN. Vice-President and Gen eral Manager Columbia Telephone Co COtl LITTLEFIELD. H. R.. Phys. and Surgeon 2W MACKAY. DR. A. E.. Phys. and Surg. .711-71:: MARTIN. J. L. & CO.. Timber Lands... uot McCOY. NEWTON. Attorney-at-Law 715 McFADEN. MISS IDA E.. Stenographer. .2ol McGINN. HENRY E.. Attorney-at-Law..Ul-ti McKINNON. J. D.. Turkish Baths .300-301 -::iu METT. HENRY 213 MILLER. DR. HERBERT C. Dentist and Oral Surgeon uoo-iux) MOSSMAN DR. E. P.. Dentist.... 312-313-3U MANHATTAN L'FE INSURANCE CO.. of New York; "W. Goldman. Manager. . .20U-21U MUTUAL RESERVE FUND LIFE ASS'N; Mark T. Kady, Supervisor of Agents. um-its McELROY. DR. J. G.. Thys. & Sur.70l-702-70J McFARLAND. E. B., Secretary Columbia Telephons Co C03 McGUIRE. S. P., Manager P. F. Collier. Publisher 413 MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE CO.. of New York; Sherwood GIHespy. Gen. Agt.. .404-5-U NICHOLAS. HORACE B.. Atfy-at-Law..713 NILES. M. L.. Cashier Manhattan Life In surance Co.. of New York 203 OREGON INFIRMARY OF OSTEOPATHY; Dr. L. B. Smith. Osteopath 403-400 OREGON CAMERA CLUB 214-215-21(3-217 PACIFIC CHRISTIAN PUB. CO.; J. F. Ghormley. Mgr. 303 FORTLAND EYE AND EAR INFIRMARY. Ground floor. i:ci Sixth street PORTLAND MINING .t TRUST CO.: J. H. Marshall. Manager C13 QUIMBY. L. P. W.. Gam and Forestry Warden 407 ROSENDALE. O. M.. Mitallurglst and Min ing Engineer 513-510 REED &. MALCOLM. Opticians. . .133 Sixth bt. REED. F. C. Flsh Commissioner 4o7 RYAN. J. B.. Attorney-at-Law 417 SAMUEL. L.. Manager Equitable Life 30U SECURITY MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE CO.; H. F. Bushong. Uen. Agent for Ore con and Washington ....501 SHERWOOD. J. W.. Deputy Supreme Com mander K. O. T. M 317 SLOCUM. SAMUEL C. Phys. and Surg...7oO SMITH. DR. L. B.. Osteopath 403-400 STUART. DELL. Attorney-at-Law.... U17-til3 STOLTE. DR. CHAS. E.. Dentist 704-703 SURGEON OF THE S. P. RY. AND N. P. TERMINAL CO 70U STROWBRIDGE. THOMAS H.. Executive Special Agt. Mutual Life of New York. .408 SUPERINTENDENT'S OFFICE 201 TUCKER. DR. GEO. F.. Dentist ClO-GU U. S. WEATHER BUREAU. ..007-008-r.03-UlO U. S. LIGHTHOUSE ENGINEERS. 13TH " DIST.: Captain W. C. Langflt. Corps of Engineers. XI. B. A 803 U. S. ENGINEER OFFICE. RIVER AND HARBOR IMPROVEMENTS; Captain W. C Langflt. Corps of Engineers. U. S. A.. 310 WATERMAN. C. II.. Cashier Mutual Life of New York 403 WILSON. DR. EDWARD. N-, Physician and Surcooa - 304-303 WILSON. DR. GEO. F.. Phys. & Surg.700-707 WILSON. DR. HOLT C. Phys. & Surg.507-503 WOOD. DR. W. L.. Physician... .i2-413-414 WILLAMETTE VALLEY TELEP. CO 013 A fevr more elegant ofnee mny no had ly npplylns: to Portland Trust Compnny ot Oregon. 100 Third at., or of the rent clerU in the unlldln;?. MENS No Cure ioPay THE MODERN APPLIANCE. A puiuv way to perfect manhuud. Tho VAOLLil TREATMENT cures you without medicllie of all nervouj or diseases jt llic benerativr or gans, such a lost manhood, exhaustive drama, varicocele, imputency. etc. Men am quickly re stored to p'rfpct health and strength. Writ for circular?. Correspondence confldrnttaL THE HEALTH APPLIANCE CO. rooms 47-43. Saf D-toslt r.Mc.. Seattle. Wash. BIc Qua noa-DoisoniiM I rcned7 for Gonorrhu-n, liieet. :porm;i ioit Jiu-a, White, unnatarsl il cl.argcij, or any infiACina- (PrtTtau contagion, tion of niucoiu men THiEYACHEMICM.Co. branes. Xon-astrinrcnt. Sold by Drrjjriols or sent In plain wrapper, by expreM, prrpaid, fot Sl.m. or 3 bottles., $2.73. CircuUr soot oa itqtwfr . Gs rtnirvn I In l o 4 dJ- i i LJ31; v3o. CMCmAT1.0.""""l