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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (March 16, 1901)
lte VBQOXtWXU Entered at the Postofllce at Portland, Oregon, as second-class matter. TELEPHONES. Editorial Booms ICO Business Office.. .607 BEVISED SUBSCRIPTION RATES.' Br Mall (postage prepaid). In Advance Dally. with Sunday, per month $ S5 Dally, Sunday excepted, per year 7 W) Dally, with Sunday, per year 9 00 Sunday, per year 2 00 The Weekly, per year- 1 50 The "Weekly. 3 months W To City Subscriber Dally, per week, delivered. Sundays excepted.ISc Daily, per week, delivered. Sundays lncluded.20c POSTAGE RATES. United States, Canada and Mexico: 10 to ID-page paper. --1c 10 to 32-page paper.. 2c Foreign rates double. News or discussion Intended for publication in The Oregonlan should be addressed Invaria bly "Editor The Oregonlan." not to the name of any Individual. Letters relating to -advertising, subscriptions or to any business matter should be addressed simply "The Oregonlan." The Oregonlan does not buy poems or stories trom Individuals, and cannot undertake to re turn any manuscripts sent to It without solici tation. No stamps should be Inclosed for this purpose. Puget Sound Bureau Captain A. Thompson, office at 1111 Pacific avenue. Tacoma. Box 953, JEacoma Postofflce. Eastern Business Offlce 47. 43. 49 and 50 Tribune building. New Tork City; 409 "The Hookery." Chicago; the S. C Beckwlth special agency. Eastern representative. For sale In San Francleco by J. K. Cooper, ?74e Market street, near the Palace Hotel; Gold mlth Bros.. 230 Sutter street; F. W. Pitts. 100S Market street; Foster & Orear, Ferry news stand. For sale In Los Angeles by B. F. Gardner, C59 So. Spring street, and Oliver & Haines, 10C "o Spring street. For sale In Chicago by the P. O. News Co.. 17 Dearborn street. For sale in Omaha by H. C. Shears. 105 N. sixteenth street, and Barkalow Bros., 1C12 ornam street. For sale In Salt Lake by the Salt Lake News Co . 77 W. Second South street. For sale In New Orleans by Ernest & Co.. H15 Royal street. On file in "Washington. D. C. with A. "W. 55unn. COO 14th N. AY. For eale In Denver. Colo., by Hamilton & gendrlck. 000-912 Seventh street. TODAY'S WEATHER. Showers; cooler, with tresh southerly winds. PORTLAND, SATURDAY, 3IARCK 10. It is Impossible to doubt that railroad construction of some important char acter is planned for the north bank of the Columbia River between Vancouver and Kalama. Of course, it will not stop with that. If it is a Northern Pacific project solely, designed to supersede the Goble-Kalama route, the Columbia River -will have to be bridged at Van couver. But this hypothesis has against it the fact that no steps for such a bridge have been recorded, and the further evidence of co-operation be tween transcontinental ownerships. If is possible, therefore, that we shall see a railroad down the north bank of the Columbia from "Wallula to the mouth of the river. This would doubtless repre sent a combination between the Great Northern and Northern Pacific, and its effect upon Portland is a matter that should enlist the attention of every one Interested in the future of this city. On the whole, perhaps, such a road would be desirable. That it would recognize at length the strategic pre-eminence of kthe Columbia River, and that the con- luct of Its traffic would be directed at 'ortland with increasing wealth and justness here is manifest. The tend ency of railroad thinking certainly is to do business where it can naturally toe done to the best advantage and not to strive to overcome conditions estab lished by Nature. The desire for a rail road down the Columbia River has long been shared both by the Great Northern and the Northern Pacific, and it is possible the Harriman moves with the O. R. & N. have strengthened that desire and put it in the shape of decis ion. On the other hand, -there might toe a danger that Portland would over look an opportunity to make this com bination Its serviceable friend by offer ing it facilities here for handling traffic The State of Delaware has wisely -chosen to turn from a nonentity like Kenney and a worse than nonentity like Addlcks to the comparatively able and respectable representation afforded It in the Senate by two vacant seats. As eloquent reminders of the days of Bayard and Gray, these untenanted desks will reflect more credit upon Delaware than she could have derived from a successful Issue of Mr. Hanna's efforts in behalf of Addicks. There are indications that Nebraska will also choose for Itself the pleasure of digni fied and uncorrupted seats, Instead of 'gasbags like Allen and railroad corrup tionists like Thompson. Unfortunately "it has been ruled that Allen, appointed Instead of Hayward, who died, will con tinue to hold on unless an election is had. The Nebraska situation calls at tention to an aspect of Senatorial re form not usually in evidence, and that is the abuse possible under the ap pointing power. Two successive Re publican Legislatures have been elected in Nebraska, and yet through Hay ward's death a Populist Governor has "fceen able to keep a free-silver and anti expansion man in the Senate. When we get popular election of Senators we ought to do away with appointments by Governors. Let a new election be called forthwith in the case of death or "resignation, and the place filled. Mean while, Delaware's descent to the pocket borough status, with one Senator for every 90,000 people compared with New York's one for every 3,600,000, should not escape the solicitude of those who fancy the only state fit to be wiped off the map is Nevada, which returns Its veterans to the Senate with decorous steadfastness that would do credit to New England. To say to Count Casslni, as Secretary Hay Is reported to have done, that we should like to know the Russian Gov ernment's inmost thoughts on the sub ject of Manchuria, borders upon "shirt sleeve" diplomacy, and is a request that the polished ambassador might Justifiably decline with considerably less graclousness than he Is certain to have employed. Russian diplomacy is now, as for 100 years it has been, of the first rank. The financial undertak ings alone of M. de Witte have not been surpassed for magnitude and finesse in modern times. It is for us to bear in mind, moreover, that however she may have fooled Great Britain or played France and Germany one against the other, or pushed her borders upon India to the south and Asia to the East, she has been our steadfast friend at times of great need. Rus sia is the answer to the question in Dr. Holmes' ppem, "Who was our friend when the world was our foe?" In the War of 1812 Alexander I was the only crowned head in Europe who had a kindly feeling for the United States, and prgCl-ason Great Britain. tkjuK vlsabllity of making peace even when he knew the advice was unwelcome. In "A Century of American Diplomacy," John W. Foster tells briefly where Rus sia stood at the most critical moment in the life of the Republic: For more than two years the danger of Eu ropean Intervention was a constant menace. Of all these nations the only stanch friend of the Union cause was Russia, all the others being openly unfriendly, or Indifferent to the result. It was Russia that gave us the first notice early In 1SC1 of the efforts of the French Emperor to effect a coalition against us of the then three great powers. She not only declined the coalition, but again In 1S82, when the formal proposition for European In tervention was proposed. It also was declined. In the darkest days of the struggle her fleet appeared In American ports as an earnest of her friendship. The release of Alaska to us by Rus sia, however true or false the tradition that we paid her then for her services in the Civil War, was undoubtedly a friendly act, partly significant of her entire willingness to get out of this con tinent and give us freer hand. Russia's desire relative to the integ rity of China has been so often ex plained that no one need misconceive it. She does not want China divided, because eventually she hopes for the whole of it. Such absorption of Man churia as would justify and lead to similar acquisitions by other European powers, she will forego In her own in terests. For protecting her railroad, police powers must be on a large scale, and she can hardly be expected to leave her extensive Interests in Manchuria at the mercy of Japanese Invasion. As to our own tariff quarrel with her, we must not expect friendship to go to the length of self-sacrifice. Russia will do what she can for us, not inconsistent with her own welfare, and where is the nation that will do more? She wants to supply her own wheat, cotton, lum ber and minerals as far as she can, and in view of our historical tariff policy we are the last Nation on earth to complain justly of that, for it Is precisely what we are trying to do for ourselves. It is unpleasant that powerful sugar Inter ests are believed to have made repre sentations to Secretary Gage concern ing the Imports of Russia's beet prod uct, but it is equally disconcerting that the chief protests have come from pow erful iron and steel Interests, whose sales abroad are largely made possi ble through monopoly of the home mar ket afforded by high tariffs. The more Northern Asia develops, the more tar iff difficulties will continually be rising for adjustment. The present episode Is to be regretted because It hampers trade on both sides, and what the coun try wants what the Pacific Coast es pecially wants is the freest possible Interchange of products across the Pa cific. THE KENTUCKY VENDETTA. The Baker-Howard feud In Clay County, Kentucky, Is reported to have been pacified. The persistent existence of these family feuds Is one of the curious features of American civiliza tion. It is not indigenous, however; but an Imported habit, which owes its stub born survival to the fact that the "feud" counties of the mountain region of Western Virginia and Eastern Kentucky were originally settled before the Revolution by men of Scotch border ancestry or Highland Scotch extraction, with whom the family or blood feud was as much a hereditary habit as the blood feud which always existed be tween the Mohegans and the Narra gansetts; between the Iroquois and the Hurons and Delawares; between the Sioux and the Pawnees and Chippewas. The Scotch Highlanders were under clan government until 1746. The Scot tish borderers were divided Into clans, and between great families like the Maxwells and Johnstones there was a bitter family feud which outlasted the formal extinction of clan government. The Jealousy between two great Scot tish clans caused the disaffectionof the clan McDonald at Culloden. This tribal Jealousy and blood feud between families Is vividly set forth In Scott's "Legend of Montrose," where it asserts Itself In public quarrel and private murder. There was a deadly family feud between the Grahames and the Campbells: between the Camerons and the Campbells; between the McDon alds and the MacLeans, and these fam ily feuds 'and the habit of making the rights or wrongs of one member of the family the rights or wrongs of all his kin was brought to America by these Scotch borderers or Highlanders, and perpetuated to our own time under fa vorable environment. If the Highland or border Scotch families were few in number and surrounded by a public sentiment utterly unfriendly to "the blood" feud, the practice died out from sheer inanition. It was smothered by the vast weight of potential public opin ion, and by the attrition with a su perior civilization that utterly refused to treat it with any respect or clem ency. So the "blood" feud between families never prevailed to any extent in New England, the Mid dle States.or any of the states of the Middle West or the Pacific Coast. This vendetta has been confined to the mountain districts of West Virginia and Eastern Kentucky, Western North Carolina and East Tennessee. These mountaineers, as many of their names indicate (McCoy, Tod hunter, McNeil, Magruder, McCown, McNalr), came of Scotch border or Highland Scotch lineage. They set tled in these mountains at an early day; led an isolated existence; were too poor to own slaves; were illiterate, Ignor ant, superstitious; the very kind of folk to perpetuate all traditions and habits of their ancestors. There was for many years no Justice among them, save that kind of Jedburgh justice which prompt ly executes the accused and then tries him after death, an economical proced ure, since it made court proceedings very quick and cheap, and entirely ob viated the expense of a Coroner's in quest. Some of these blood feuds exist ed long before the Civil War, but the division of the mountaineers into hos tile camps of Union men and Confed erates furnished additional provocation for blood feuds; while the manufacture of "moonshine" whisky and the war with the Federal officers and their local posse intensified this bitterness after the war. Railroads finally were built through these mountain districts; mines of marble, iron and coal were opened and developed, and the sunlight of a more humane civilization began to pen etrate the rugged home of these white savages. White savages is not too strong a word to apply to a people who within ten years have in the execution of their blood feuds spared neither age nor sex. Beautiful young girls have been shot to death before the family' fireside; boys of 14 and decrepit old .men .have been murdered-iaxold blood. These blood feuds have involved a great many people through marriage that had no knowledge of or sympathy with the original crime -that caused a general gathering of the rival clans on both sides. Some of the leaders have been conspicuous, not for acquired intelli gence, but for a good deal of piety and some superficial virtues. Some of these pitiless, ferocious, cowardly murderers, who spared neither old men, women nor children In their vendetta, have prided themselves upon their ability to lead in prayer, upon their sobriety, pe cuniary Integrity and truthfulness. So powerful were these hostile families through influential marriages that in some Instances the Sheriff and other 'county officials were sure to belong to one faction or the other, and in that event, of course, the lawful machinery of arrest was subordinated in the in terest of the Sheriff's faction. In the famous Hatfield-McCoy feud more than thirty persons were mur dered on both sides within ten years, and it was Impossible to bring any of the assassins to justice. The courts were threatened, the wheels of justice blocked, and for several years the peace and order of West Virginia and Eastern Kentucky had to ask leave to exist of the principals to the feud. That these family feuds owe their stubborn life to the Isolation and 'environment of the civilization In which they have flourished is clear from the fact that they have never been a feature of the social life of any other states of the old South or Southwest If any large body of these mountaineers had ever emi grated In a mass to some new state and settled as did the Mormons, when in a body they went to Utah, It is pos sible that in 'an isolation and environ ment identical with that from which they came they might have renewed their hereditary habit of "blood" feuds, but the states west of the Mississippi and on the Pacific Coast were settled by a conglomerate population from all sections, and such plants as family feuds led a sickly life. Factional fights might take place, but no Corslcan ven detta was waged between families. Nor do these family feuds ever seem to have prevailed In Missouri, Missis sippi, Alabama, Georgia, Arkansas or Texas to any appreciable extent. WIRELESS TELEGRAPIIV. Inventors are encountering many dif ficulties in putting "into practice the results of their researches In wireless telegraphy. The experiments of Mr. Eraile Guarini, the inventor of the auto matic repeater, the value of which Is soon to be tested in Mallnes, have cost him $10,000, while patents, descriptions, plans, etc., necessary to render his in vention comprehensible have cost half as much more. The trials of wireless telegraphy, ac cording to Mr. Guarini, are not new. Experiments therein were made by Mr. Preece, chief engineer of the English telegraph office, as early as 1892, utiliz ing what electricians call "Induction effects." He has some reason also to believe that experiments in wireless telegraphy were begun as early as 1876. The system most popular at present employs electro-magnetic oscillations of ether, an Invisible medium, which, ac cording to scientists, penetrates all bodies. The idea of utilizing the power of electric rays for the transmission of signals belongs to Dr. Lodge, the Eng lish scientist, who, In a conference that took place in 1894, declared that the presence of electric rays might be dis covered by means then known up to the distance of half a mile from the starting-point, but no experiments were made to ve'rify this assertion. Notable as experimenters with wireless telegra phy are two Russian scientists, Popoff and Iodko; two Italians, Marconi and Guarini, and M, Tissot, a Frenchman of tireless zeal and many Ingenious devices. Of the systems devised by these men, the most complete and at the same time the most costly is that of Marconi, and so well has he demon strated Its possibilities that the Eng lish Admiralty has decided to adopt it. entering into a contract to pay for the application of this system to the needs of the navy $482 50 a year per appa ratus employed for a period of fifteen years. In case of war, wireless telegra phy presents enormous advantages which it Is not necessary for scientists to explain. The systems approved thus far by experiment, though simple, are practi cally inexplicable to the ordinary mind or to the mind unschooled In the sub tleties of this shy but all-pervading ele ment known as electricity. A player of fantastic tricks, yet tractable under di rection; of deadly power, yet harmless under control, It ranks among the ne cessities of modern life as a motor, illuminator, and messenger of com merce. Still dependent upon wires stretched through the air to convey Its force, its brilliancy and Its messages to a practical and expectant world, It Is not beyond the range of probability that it will be directed to its various uses independently of these material carriers within the early years of the twentieth century. This certainly will be the case If the hopes of Inventors and the expectations of those who have of science in the realm of nature are ceased to marvel at the developments realized. WHY NOT DO BUSINESS T The New York Sun does not believe that any scheme of closure, such as Is proposed by Senator Piatt, of. Connecti cut, will ever receive the approval of the committee on rules of the United States Senate. The Sun, among other things, says: Unlimited debate in the Senate Is one of the safeguards of our institutions. The- occasional abuse of the Senatorial privilege does not di minish its inestimable value to the country In the long run. The Senate's metheds have counted for good government ten times where they have counted onco against It. There does not seem to be any good reason why some form of closure should not be applied In the Senate as well as in the House. The United States Senate is the only Important Legislature In the world where a minor ity can wast valuable time, obstruct Important legislation at great money cost to the country, as was effectually done by Senators Wellington, Petti grew, Teller and Allen at the last ses sion of Congress. It has been done re peatedly heretofore by a factious mi nority. It was formerly possible to fill buster in the House of Representatives until the reformation of the rules through Speaker Thomas B. Reed made it possible for the House to do business with reasonable celerity. Throughout all the Important discussions of the last four years legislation of great value and consequence has more than once been stalled by the filibusters of the Senate, and there does not seem to be any sound reason why there Should not be some limitation to the length of a debate besides the will of a factious minority. Since February, 188S, the rule In the British House of Commons has been that if on a division 100 affirmative votes be declare from the chair, the debate shall end, the speaker being empowered to close It. This closure to prevent dilatory or obstructive motions by the minority was Invoked last week In the British House of Commons by Mr. Balfour. The Irish members raised the cry of "gagged," but this cry came with bad grace from this Irish faction, whose members have made eighty-four speeches In two and a half weeks' sit tings of Parliament. This Irish faction seizes every opportunity to block the English governing machine, and If It were not for the prompt application of closure, public business would be stalled by this handful of irreconcilables. Is there any good reason why we should be less prompt to expedite public busi ness than the English Legislature? The faction composed of the anti-expansion irreconcilables in the United States Senate is quite as malignant and out rageously obstructive In their minority filibuster tactics as are the Redmond ites In the British Parliament, but the Senate has no effective rule of closure and is not disposed, it is said, to pro vide one. After a question has been discussed pro and con until the theme Is fully understood, it is an outrage on public economy to allow debate to be pro longed beyond all reason through dila tory and obstructive motions to prevent a speedy decision. It ought to be pos sible In the Senate, as it is in the House, to bring a measure to a vote after both sides have made their argu ment. Wanton obstructiveness to pre vent action upon a bill that has been thoroughly discussed ought to be met by effective closure of some sort. The refusal of the Senate to expedite public measures of great Importance nullified the energy and promptness of the House. If at any time in our Civil War there had been as many copperheads In the United States as there were anti Imperialists of the Pettigrew, Teller, Wellington and Allen stamp in the. last Congress, they could have wrought no end of mischief by the practice of the same tactics as those that delayed the passage of the Army bill and threat ened to prevent action upon the legis lation regarding Cuba and the Philip pines. As a matter of business, after both sides have been heard, no purely dilatory or obstructive motions on part of the minority should be long endured without prompt application of the cure of some form of effective closure. The British troops in Cape Colony have been attacked by a stronger and more subtle power than the Boers pos sess. The bubonic plague is abroad among them with terrifying effect, and, though combated by medical science at every step, it Is rapidly gaining ground. Sanitation In South African military camps Is impossible. Inocula tion Is the only resource, and this is be ing pursued vigorously, notwithstand ing which the number of European cases is steadily increasing. If the Boers, through their wild, free life in the hills, escape this scourge, they will find in its prevalence among Europeans their most powerful ally against the British. Sick soldiers are worse than no soldiers, and an infected military camp has in it the elements of its own destruction. In the meantime, Botha has only surrendered on paper, Dewet still eludes his pursuers, while Klrt singer's command working northward has eluded three British columns and captured a large number of registered horses, involving an expense to Great Brltainof 10,000. The "end of the war," so often proclaimed as in sight, Is there fore not discernible, and Edward VH is "lord of the Transvaal" only by proc lamation. The citizens of Baker City are natur ally and justly indignant at the disclos ures in the recent child-beating case there, many of them feeling that the proper punishment for a brute who cruelly whips his son a lad of 8 years with a rawhide, should be given a lib eral dose of his own medicine. The lit tle lad is certainly an object of pity, as his inhuman father is an object of de testation. It may be necessary, in or der to protect the child from his In human parent, to remove him from parental custody, but in this event the father should be compelled to contrib ute to the boy's support. Othepvlse, the merciless beating of the son may result according to the father's wishes, by relieving him of the boy's mainte nance. The Duke of Manchester, it is said, considers the action of. Miss Portia Knight in bringing suit for breach of promise against him wholly unjustified. This is strange. Who, Indeed, should know better than the Duke 'the circum stances of his acquaintance with this fair American.? To be sure, his judgment in the case may be warped somewhat by more recent happenings. In this view the prosecution evidently shares, since the matter will be pushed through the English courts to the finish, and the decision there rendered will decide whether or not Papa Zimmerman will have to bring out his wallet ,in order to square matters between his titled son-in-law and the American girl whom he did not marry. Meiklejohn, the Baker City child beater, attempted before the court to justify his course and that of his wife, the boy's step-mother, in having cruelly beaten his 8-year-old son, by the state ment that he was merely trying to raise the boy as he was himself raised. This plea. If allowed, would discredit the teachings of Solomon, since clearly the application of the "rod to the fool's back" had not In his case been a pro moter of wisdom. A big roar has arisen over the pro posal to stamp Sampson's profile on the Santiago medals. But since a medal has two faces, there Is no reason why Schley's likeness should not be put on the reverse side, except that the com bination would be a mockery of each hero. Such a medal would be a Janus Indeed. It Is still thought that the stranded lightship near Ilwaco can be saved. We have done a power of thinking on that score for over a year, but not enough to budge tho vessel. If some people had known Mrs. Sitton was to be elected, they would have been Just as gracious before as after. PRUNEGR0WERS AS GROCERS New York Journal of Commerce Not since prunes. In association with prisms, were utilized for shaping the lips of the lovely creatures In a young ladles' seminary has that estimable fruit been so entertaining as the managers of the Cali fornia Cured Fruit Association have made It during the past few months. In fact, those managers at one time seriously proposed to send out the young ladles and the prunes, whether with or without the prisms was not stated, to open booths for dispensing prunes, and there Is no doubt that the Eastern public would have eaten prunes just as long as the Califor nia girls passed them out: but fears that the prune habit so formed would be ephemeral, and would be abandoned as soon as the girls were withdrawn, led the managers to give up this idea. The last crop of prunes was unusually heavy. Merchants would have pushed the sale at every opportunity, shading the price every time consumption seemea sluggish, so that the goods should not ac cumulate. Incredible as It may seem to the managers of the Cured Fruit Associa tion, prunes are not a staff of life; there are many things a man may eat besides prunes. The managers have been read ing the funny columns in the newspapers Instead of the market reports, which may be less interesting, but are certainly more informing, and they evidently reached the conclusion that prunes con stitute the staple in the dietary of board ing houses. But the newspaper humorist is not accurate; he does not even try to be accurate. Prunes are not especially cheap, and the boarding house, keeper who watches expenses carefully Is easily Induced to buy something "Just as good." The managers of the Cured Fruit As sociation, not being men of business, multiplied the size of the crop bu a satis factory price and reached the conclusion that they would make much money for their members. Therefore they held the price stiff when every dealer knew that the price had got to come down unless a surplus was to be left over at the end of the season. This nearly destroyed the export trade and left ju3t as much more fruit to be disposed of at home. In order to facilitate this the managers sold to the customers of tho jobbers at the same price as they sold to the jobbers. They could not see why they should not sell to two men Instead of one. They Imagined that the jobber was In business for his health and would be grateful to them If they supplied his customers, leaving him more tlm for golf and the Improvement of his mind. There being no profit In prunes for him the jobber made no ef fort to sell them. The retailer got in the habit of buying other things of him. The housekeeper did not besiege the retail ers with demands for prunes and nothing else, as the managers of the Dried Fruit Association supposed they would; the housekeepers poked around In the retail er's place seeing what there was and how It looked and what the price was. The retailer did not show them prunes, tell them how fine they were and name a tempting price. The last he could not do; the managers of the Dried Fruit As sociation were holding the price firm and waiting for the public to storm the gro ceries with the cry of "Give us prunes, or give us nothing." The grocer could not sell prunes at any profit except at a price that turned customers away, and he had bought sparingly, partly for this reason and partly because the Jobber had shown him somethng else that was a good sub stltuto and on which there was a wider margin of profit. The housekeepers went home with other thjngs, and the man agers of the Cured Fruit Association con ducted their business with such a pains taking and comprehensive disregard for every commercial consideration that they have saved some 90,000.000 pounds of prunes from the apathetic public, and they are wondering how they can get rid of them before fresh fruit comes on the market. They have thought of giving the fruit away in the hope of inculcating a prune habit, or sending out California girls to stew prunes and 'feed them to the people of the East, to spend $200,000 in advertis ings which has gow shrunk to 525,000, and they can not quite make up their minds what to do with that. The effort to spend $25,000 In a way to create an ap petite for prunes among 73,000.000 of people may well cause them profound thought. They have proposed to estab lish prune agencies, which Is Indeed an inspiration of genius, for the Jobber gets his living out of a hundred things; and to save the prune's share of this it is pro pose to establish agencies the whole of whose cost must be borne by prunes. The producer can not deal directly with the consumer; ho is too far away, and cultivating prunes is not tho same thing as cultivating trade. The merchant Is in constant and Intimate contact with both producer and customer: he can induce the customer to buy or he knows earlier than anyone else when the customer will not buy. The producer has got to confine himself to producing and let the merchant do the merchandising. The Cured Fruit Association might as well commit the raising of prunes to a com mittee of grocers as to put the selling of the crop Into the hands of the fruit growers. t - Poem That Won a Bride. Baltimore Sun. The February Kalands, the periodical published by students of the Woman's College, contains a bit of dainty verse by a Baltimore alumna of '93. And there by hangs a tale. This young Baltimore student had a way of scribbling verse to such an extent that a young male cousin sighed as he said if he could write like that he might make some speed in wooing a certain fair Maid Marian. Im mediately the young poet became a ver itable Cyrano, and wrote a poem which she handed over to the faint-hearted lov er. The engagement has Just been an nounced and the marriage will take place soon. The poem follows: TO MARIAN. If Oh. -would that It -were so, Marian, my lady! I had lived long, long ago, Marian, my lady; In the days of which we read, I should ride a fiery steed And perform some noble deed, All for you, roy lady. If but who can ever tell. Marian, my lady? Maybe it Is Just as well, ' Marian, my lady. For tho fairest of the fair Other knights would brave deeds dare. And for me you might not care, Might not be my lady. Though I cannot be your knight, Marian, ray lady, I can still your battles fl&ht, Marian, my lady. I will brave the world for you, I will dare all things to do, I will be your lover true. If you'll bo my lady. Origin of the Yosemlte. National Geographic Magazine. It Is perfectly obvious to those familiar with glacial phenomena that Yosemlte Is quite an ordinary and necessary product of glacial erosion, under the conditions prevailing In that locality. The main gla cier came down Tenaya Canyon, cutting It Jo a steep but fairly uniform grade. Yosemlte Valley is but a continuation of that gorge. The end of the glacier at the time that It was cutting Yosemlte extend ed not far beyond Fort Monroe. It re mained there for a long time, and there fore plowed out the bottom of the valley to a considerable depth. Branch glaciers joined the Tenaya glacier when It filled Yosemlte, coming down the valleys of Yo semlte. Little Yosemlte, IUUouette and Bridal Veil and other creeks, and forming hanging valleys at the Junction points. The formation of the vertical cliffs of the valley may have been due to undermining, and may have been aided by the cleavage of the racks. On the recession of the glacier doubtless the bottom of the valley was occupied by a lake, which has since been partially filled by detritus and drained by the ero sion of Merced River cutting through the rock wall at the foot of the valley. NAMES FOR THE 1905 FAIR. Most of the names suggested for the 1905 fair Lave a high aim. This does not mean that any have a low aim, but that seme are more ambitious than others. It appears that the majority of the originat ors want the enterprise to be broad In its scope and to take In not alone the Lewis and Clark Northwest, but the Pa cific and Orient as well. They also Indi cate a realization that the exposition will compass no more than shall our Initia tory efforts. Thus each contribution brings us to the first alternative, whether the fair shall be limited to the Northwest or should alto embrace the Orient. We have a conserva tlv eelement of people on the one side who fear that too broad an endeavor will nar row Itself to nothing definite, and on the other, an ambitious set who would en force the Importance of the Columbia River in its relation both to the North west -and the Far East. C. H. Sholes, who belongs to the latter class, writes an Interesting letter and gives excellent reasons In support of his preference. He proposes LEWIS AND CLARK CENTENNIAL-ORIEN-TAL EXPOSITION. He counsels that two things be kepi prominent: first, that the event Is to be a Lewis and Clark centennial, and second, that It heralds the meeting of the Occi dent and Orient. The letter says: "By advertising for a genius to name the 1905 exposition you have rather hand icapped us all, for we must either dis claim the appellation, or seriously em barrass the committee. The embarass ment of the public will come later when it is found how rare geniuses are in the original Lewis and Clark Oregon. Prob ably when the genius is heard, his offer ing will need no other exposition than will be contained in the name; but In ex planation of mine, just a few words. "Let us keep steadfastly In view the Lewis and Clark centennial, for only so can general public Interest throughout that vast territory be enlisted, and appri prlate Government aid obtained. Oregon and Portland will be the theater within which the commemoration of those great events will be staged and exhibited to an admiring world, and in this nature and historical development have amply fa vored them. Therefore, It Is not neces sary that the name of either be Included in the name of the exposition; in fact, would not its scope and influence be in finitely contracted thereby? "Along with the celebration of an event of such immense importance to the whole of the United States, but In a measure subsidiary to It, may fitly be given an exposition of the arts, industries and com mercial development which are directly or indirectly the outgrowth of the terri tory in question. For the purposes of this occasion we may say that Lewis and Clark's exploration gave the United States command of Oriental commerce, by making It master of the Pacific. The acquisition of the Philippines, the awak ening of Japan, China and other East ern lands, affords an unequaled oppor tunity to bring the old and the new world's together upon the shores of the Pacific." If wo shall elect to make the fair a Lewis and Clark centennial only, the question arises, why should It be a fair or exposition at all? We have had fairs and fairs until everybody Is tired of them. People take little Interest In such enterprises now-a-days and do not go any distance to see them. The purpose of a local Northwest fair would be to set forth industries and advantages of this region for edification of visitors and our own information. But each of the states has had many of such expositions. It Is doubtful If a combination of all would meet our expectations. Besides, a cen tennial does not require a fair. How ever, If we are going to link the Orient with the centennial, an exposition Is requisite. Such an exposition would be a novelty, and would combine well with one of our own region. A representative of tho class which thinks we should confine ourselves to tho Northwest is William J. Clarke, of Gervals, Or., who proposes PACIFIC NORTHWEST CENTENNIAL. He details his argument as follows: "When Lewis and Clark explored this country It was a wilderness and comprised the present States of Oregon, Washing ton, Idaho and part of Montana. This group of states is the ground work of the proposed centennial, and It Is best known to the world as the Pacific North west." The object of this centennial is not so much to commemorate the well timed visit ot these explorers as it Is to bring Into prominence the State of Oregon and its neighbors. Why, then, try to impose upon the world such Bar num phrases as have been suggested? "Now it is plain that those who will come to the centennial in 1905 will do so either on account of Idle curiosity, because the railroad fares are cheap, or for their own betterment. They will be more in terested In finding out about what we have to show; about the country, climate, character of soil and about what chances there are for Investment. On the other hand, we, as enterprising citizens, desire that these visitors know all about these matters that Is precisely the reason of this centennial celebration, to boom the country we live In and love." EmphnMze Oregon. PORTLAND, Or., March 14. (To the Editor.) The Pan-American Exposition to be held this coming Summer is In sepaparably connected with the City of Buffalo and will be remembered and known as the Buffalo Exposition long after It is forgotten that a Pan-American Exposition has ever occurred. Our 1905 exposition, no matter what the result of the present discussion, will be so thor oughly Identified, with our city that the word "Portland" need not enter into our consideration of the matter of an official title. We should not undertake this great enterprise with the Idea that we are rec ognizing efforts of a purely local nature. "Lewis and Clark" and "Columbia" and other suggestions will receive unbounded recognition In the great mass of printed matter which will be disseminated. Wc are to celebrate the great historic event3 which created the last link In the chain connecting the Occident with the Orient. "Oregon" in the minds of all covers the great Northwest, embracing nearly all the territory from which we are solicit ing and expecting Indorsement and sup port. We want above every other con sideration a comprehensive and attractive title of wide scope and I beg to heart ily Indorse the suggestion that you pripted this morning from your Tacoma contemporary, and to say that I con sider the "Oregon Occidental and Orlen ental Exposition" as by far the most ap propriate name presented. B. LEE PAGET. Other titles proposed are: WORLD'S END FAIR. WESTWARD HO! EXPOSITION AND LEWIS AND CLARK CENTENNIAL. PACIFIC CENTENNIAL AND ORIENTAL FAIR. By W. L. Starr COLUMBIA RIVER PATHFINDERS' EXPO SITION. By J. M. Turney CENTENNIAL OF LEWIS AND CLARK'S EXPOSITION. By Dr. S. Towers Linklater NORTHWESTERN CENTENNIAL EXPOSI TION. By E. M. Baker. 'Astoria TRANS-PACIFIC ORIENTAL FAIR. By John Mililken 'GOLDEN WEST EXPOSITION. NOTE AND COMMENT. Cuba can hardly expect reciprocity if she rejects protection. A whole week without rain! drought Is becoming alarming. This Personal. Mr. Dusty Rhodes has gone to the country for the Summer. "The Silence of William Jennings Bryan" might be a good title for a work of pure fiction. i Senator Allen appears to be working for the tenantcy of the shoes of the de parted Pettigrew. The carter incident has at least had the effect of consoling the men who didn't get elected to the Senate. As soon as wireless telegraphy comes into use some syndicate will get control of the air so as to collect the tolls. Now do suburban residents Oft rake their zsrden o'er. And ttnd they make two worms to thrive Where one worm throve before. New York, March 15. M. de Rodays, Paris: Keep your powder dry. Don't fire till you see the whites of his eyes. G. GOULD. Rockefeller's Income is now $40 a min ute, but there Is no danger of his owning the earth as Ions as J. P. Morgan is a resident of it. What legislation has been enacted by the present Legislature that will directly benefit the farmer? BrownsllIe Times. Sweet neighbor, you are off the point. The Legislature Is the palladium of our liberties. It of Itself benefits the farmer; therefore look not to Its acts. There seems to be bad luck attached to the name of "Billy." Only a few days ago the bottom fell out of 'Billy" Bock's woodshed, and several cords of wood and a quantity of coal dropped Into the rher Sunday afternoon one of "Billy" Cook's teams ran away and spilled a lot of furniture. The same day the bottom fell out of 'Billy" AVhlpple's wood shed and eight cords of wood accompanied It. and yesterday the roadway at Hanthorn'a cannery collapsed under the weight of one of "Billy" Cook's team?, and one of the how was drowned. "And "Billy" Welch's fonl hope for the election of Corbett to the United States Senate resulted In disappointment only. Astoria News. However, the "Billys" are not the only ones In hard luck. What, with the blanket ordinance, boycotts and ships that pass In the night and day, too, for that mat termisfortunes never come singly. Here Is a story from real life In New York as good In its complications as was ever put Into a farce. The Health Inspec tors of the city, while vaccinating every body in a quarantined apartment house, came upon a burglar engaged In ransack ing a suite that had been left by the oc cupants. The burglar, with considerable coolness, declared himself the occupant of the fiat and submitted to vaccination. While the Inspectors were busy in an other apartment, detectives who had been tracking the criminal came in and arrest ed him. When the Inspectors came dbwn and found the detectives, they compelled them also to undergo vaccination before taking their prisoner to Jail. It was a case where the law had a victory at every turn of the game. There Is a lively Mayoralty campaign going on In Topeka, Kan. The rival can didates are Colonel Hughes and Colonel Warner, and, although they are both noted for their goodness and religious zeal, the friends of each say that their candidate has the better record In this respect. The supporters of Colonel Hughes the other day put forth the statement that he had not missed a weekly prayer meeting In the last IS years, and they concluded by asking, "Can Colonel Warner say as much?" "It is true," retorted Colonel Warner, "that during IS years I have been absent from prayer meeting twice, but what are the facts? I can prove that I had malaria, and could not leave my bed. Nothing but severe Illness would have kept me from weekly prayer meeting, and Colonel Hughes knows it." This ex planation evidently Impressed the public, and the Warnerltes followed It up by de claring that during the last 18 years Colonel Warner had entertained preachers at his house 30 times Including the bishop on two occasions. In addition, he had entertained 92 delegates to Sunday-school conventions, prohibition conventions and Bible-study conventions, whereas Colonel Hughes has always been backward In doing his duty in this respect, saying that his house was too small, whereas it Is generally known that his house Is larger than that of Colonel Warner. PLEASANTRIES OF PAUAGllAPIIEIlS The Justice I don't remember ever seeing you before. The Accused No, your honor; you ee, you don't belong to our set. Boston. Transcript. "You know Will was Jut crazy to marry me." said the young bride. "Yes; that's what everybody thinks." replied her Jealous rival. Yonkers Statesman. Slgrn of Spring. "Have you heard a robin yet?" "No, but I've sen a woman with her head tied up in a towel beating a carpet In the back yard." Chicago Record. Easing Her Burden. Mrs. Polkadot She li a line nurse. Isn't she? Mrs. Pahducah Ideal ! Why, I can go for das without even seeing the children. Brooklyn Life. Indlffernt Luck. First Hunter (Adirondack-!) Any luck today? Second Hunter No. I saw a guide, but I was to the windward of him, so I couldn't cet near enough to shoot. Puck. "The bov," concluded the ocullrt. "is color blind." "Then what do you think we should put him at?" "Well, what's the matter with making an Impressionistic painter of him?" Philadelphia Times. Couldn't Give Leas. "Oh. Mlsa Stone!" tho undesirable suitor pleaded, "if you would only give me the least encouragement." "That's what I am dong. Mr. Da Trow." replied the haughty beauty. "Good day." Philadelphia Press. Money Tight. Drug Clerk I've been docked a week's salary for making a mlstaKe ana killing a man. Lend me $5. won't you? Friendly Policeman Couldn't possibly. I've Just been suspended a week for killing an other one. New York Weekly. A Tramp's Work. "Hello, Walker. What y up to now'-days?" "Well, Laxy, I'm lookin fer a chance t" sork " "Aw, come oft! You don't expect me to believe that?" "Cert. It'a da truth. I'm lookin fer a chance t work some soft guy fer the price of a drink." Philadelphia Evening Bulletin. The Children nt the Gnte. Frank L. Stanton In Atlanta Constitution. I. I say that the world la bitter-sweet. And Its fortunes come too late; But twilight fall-, with the pattering feet Of the children at the gate. And I know, whatever my toll may be. Their arms, in the evening, will necklace met II. I say that the world has stormy skies. And faintly the sad stars shine; But nizht brings stars when the children' eyes Look tenderly Into mine. And I know, whatever my toll may be, v Those eyes are welcoming lights to me! III. And the world Is green, and the world is wide. But nf-ver the world is ill. If after the stress of the storm and tide The children love us still! And I know, whatever my grief may be. Voices of children olng rest to me!