Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937, March 09, 1901, Image 6

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Morning Oregonian., March 09, 1901, Page 6, Image 6

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Newspaper Page TextTITE MOTOTXO OREGONIAN, SATURDAY, MARCH U, 1901. frs rjggomcm Entered at the Postoffloe at Portland, Oregon, as second-class matter. TELEPHONES. Editorial Rooms 100 Business Office. ..CC7 REVISED SUBSCRIPTION RATES. By Mall (postage prepaid). In Advance Daily, -with Sunday, per month $ 85 Daily, Sunday excepted, per year.... 7 50 Daily, with Sunday, per year 0 00 Sunday, per year 2 00 The Weekly, per sear 1 50 The "Weekly. 3 month 50 To City Subscribers Dally, per week, delivered, Sundays excepted.lSc Dally, per week, delivered, Sundays included.20c POSTAGE RATES. United States, Canada and Mexico: 10 to 10-page paper lc 10 to 32-page paper 2c Foreign rates double. News or discussion Intended for publication In The Oregonlan should be addressed Invaria bly "Editor The Oregonlan," not to the name of any Indh'idual. Letters relating to advertis ing, subscriptions or to any bulne.ss matter should be addressed simply "The Oregonlan." The Oregonlan does not buy xoems or stories from individuals, and cannot undertake to re turn any manuscripts sent to it without olIcl tation. No stamps should be inclosed for this purpose. Puget Sound Bureau Captain A. Thompson, office at 1111 Pacific avenue, Tacoma. Box 053, Tacoma Postofllce. Eastern Business Office 17, 48, 40 and CO Tribune building, New York City; 400 "The Rookery." Chicago; the S. C. Beckwith special agency. Eastern representative. Tor sale in San Francisco by J. K. Cooper, 74C Market street, near the Palace Hotel; Gold smith Bros.. 230 Sutter street; F. IV. Pitts, 1003 Market street; Foster & Orear, Forry news stand. For sale In Los Angeles by B. F. Gardner, 59 So. Spring street, and Oliver & Haines, 100 So. Spring street. For sale In Chicago by the P. O. News Co., 217 Dearborn street. For sale In Omaha by H. C. Shears, 105 X. Sixteenth street, and Barkalow Bros., 1012 Farnam street. For sale In Salt Lake by the Salt Lake News Co., 77 TV. Second South street. For sale In New Orleans by Ernest & Co., 115 Royal street. On file in "Washington, D. C, with A. "W. Dunn. 500 14th N. "W. For eale In Denver, Colo., by Hamilton & Kndrlck. 000-912 Seventh street. TODAY'S "WEATHER. Cloudy to partly cloudy, with occasional show era; southerly winds. v PORTLAND, SATURDAY, MARCH . A complete answer to the sophistical arguments of the "anti-Imperialists" is found in Archbishop Ireland's address in Chicago Thursday night. "The prin ciples of American liberty," said he, "have been consecrated for the world at large. They journey far and wide. No Monroe Doctrine can Iiold them betireen the Atlantic and Pacific. "Wherever the flnj? of the country floats, there is freedom and liberty. It is not for me to discuss the legal question as to whether the Constitu tion does or does not follow the flag. This I do dare say that if the Consti tution does not follow the flag accord ing to law, let us pray that the law be changed." This goes to the heart of the subject. The quality of American liberty is not determined by the geo graphical limits of our dominion. Its essential elements "were present at the landing of the Pilgrims; they were pres ent when our Government was organ ized in the form we now know; they were present when our territory was bounded by the Mississippi, and they endured the giant strides to the Pacific and the Arctic. Now we are told that progress beyond these limits is "Imperi alism"; that the emblem of American freedom is an upland bird and its spirit and life are destroyed when it goes over the seas, and the essence of our liberty is perverted and transmuted Into "imperial" oppression. This casu istical nonsense has been given too re spectful attention. It is time we were shut of it, and such sound and patri otic declarations as that of Archbishop Ireland will soon put an end to the trifling. Failure of the proposals to appropri ate Federal money for the Buffalo and Charleston expositions does not in the least argue against an appropriation for the great fair to be held in Portland in 1905. This enterprise is of notable historical significance. It follows logic ally the St Louis fair. That is to cele brate the centennial of the purchase of Louisiana territory. The exploring ex pedition of Lewis and Clark was a se quel of that transaction, and the Port land fair Is to commemorate it. There fore the Portland exposition has equal ground with St. Louis upon which to ask for Federal recognition. Of course, Portland does not expect and will not ask for so large a sum as St. Louis gets, $5,000,000. This is still a new coun tryf and its affairs are not yet con ducted on that stupendous scale. But it will ask a modest sum, In keeping with the dimensions of the enterprise and the proper Interest of the Govern ment in it Commendable as are the Pan-American project at Buffalo and the Palmetto and West Indian fair for Charleston, they have no connection with historical epochs that give them claim to Government support. That is why they were unsuccessful, for it could not be maintained that the Gov ernment should appropriate money for every considerable exposition in the populous East, when they are both fre quent and profitable as independent business ventures. Portland's fair will commemorate an important historical event in the Nation. In its Industrial aspect it will come at a time peculiarly opportune, In that it will display the early fruits of the opening world of commerce in the Orient. That it will show the best attainments of the sturdy young Northwest goes without saying, and the active interest taken by the Legislatures from Utah to Brit ish Columbia prove that it will have hearty support in its own special field. It is not to be doubted that Congress will give the Portland fair suitable rec ognition. The attack to which Emperor "Will iam was subjected Thursday shows that police protection, however sys tematic and vigilant, at times is and at any time may be, powerless to prevent the crank with a missile from accom plishing his murderous purpose. Presi dent Garfield was shot down in a rail way depot when unattended by a police escort. Emperor Alexander II of Rus sia was destroyed by a dynamite bomb when riding in his carriage surrounded by a platoon of soldiers. President Car not of France was assassinated while the guest of a city of the republic, and without a bodyguard, and the Empress of Austria met a like fate while travel ing as a private citizen in Switzerland. Humbert was killed while mingling freely with his people, imagining their love for him to be his sufficient pro tection, and the late attempt upon the life of the Kaiser was made in the very face of a strong guard of soldiers. Lin coln was murdered while sitting quietly by the side of his wife in a box at the theater, and the first attempt upon the life of Queen Victoria was made when, about to become a mother for the first time, she was walking in the garden at Buckingham Palace with the Prince Consort. Truly, the murderous crank has all seasons for his own, and re spects not age, sex or condition. "He is insane," says the baffled psycholo gist, unable to explain the mystery of his action upon a rational basis; but justice, dealing with a condition rather than a theory, sends him to prison, where, with pitiless cruelty as an at tendant, he is allowed to starve and rot, or, more mercifully and quite as effectively, to the gallows, with the re sult that the world is done with him and he with the world after the most approved plan. The Kaiser's assailant, it is said, is an epileptic, and hence irre sponsible. It is not probable that this plea will secure to so dangerous an in valid, freedom that he may turn to a purpose so deadly as that suggested in hurling a red-hot fishplate at his sovereign. Fifty-eight bills to incorporate towns and cities were passed by the late Ore gon Legislature. These fifty-eight towns and cities previously had char ters that had, in most cases, been con strued by the courts, and possessed definite meaning. To a great extent all this interpretation has been rendered valueless and the field has been freshly plowed for sowing a new crop of dis putes to be harvested In the Supreme Court. And so it goes from session to session of the Legislature. Trivial changes in city charters are made, too often in furtherance of private or fac tional interests, and thereby doors are opened to litigation that burdens the taxpayers and clogs the courts. This' practice ought to stop. It yields more harm than good. A general municipal incorporation law would render it un necessary to go to the Legislature with any bill of this nature, and would re sult in a line of decisions that would have permanent value. The courts would not then have to "mark time" over so many quibbles in the construc tion of petty charter provisions. It is to be observed, however, that one of the fifty-eight charters passed by the Ore gon Legislature will not add anything to the burden of the Supreme Court, though the veto of it brought something of a burden to the columns of The Oregonlan. VOLUNTEERS AND REGULARS. One of the most important and valua ble of recent contributions to American history is "Military Reminiscences of the Civil War" by the late Major-General J. D. Cox, who roEe to be com mander of the Twenty-third Army Corps and fought with distinction at Antletam, In Sherman's Atlanta cam paign, at Franklin and Nashville. Gen eral Cox served under McClellan, Burnside, Rosecrans, Grant, Sherman, Schofield and Thomas; his long service, his ability, his intimacy with all thfe great commanders of the war, make his views on the relative merits of volun teers and regulars of special interest. General Cox says that there were plenty of volunteer regiments as good and efficient in every respect as the regulars; that "a campaign or two made educated, earnest young volun teer officers the peers of any officers In our own or any other army." Gen eral Cox thinks that the graduates of West Point were lacking in the princi ples of the theory of war, which intelli gent volunteer officers quickly picked up for themselves. He quotes the con fession of General Sherman that he first studied evolutions In line out of the books after the battle of Bull Run. General Cox was an able soldier, but these views on the subject of the com parative merits of the regulars and the volunteers are superficial, and have no application to the art of war today, revolutionized as it has been by the general introduction of magazine rifled muskets of long range. The truth is that General Cox did not serve with the Army of the Potomac, which included two-thirds of our regular Army, save In one campaign, that of Antletam. There was a brigade of regulars In Rosecrans army, but with this excep tion about all the regulars were in the Army of the Potomac. In the next place, the volunteers ought to have been as good as the regulars after two or three great campaigns, such as marked the year of 18G2; for at the head of the important armies was always an educated soldier, like Pope, Grant, Bu ell, Sherman, Thomas, C. F. Smith, Mc Pherson, Schofield. Then some of the corps and division commanders were educated soldiers, like McCook, Lyon. Sheridan, Gilbert, A. J". Smith, Steele, Sturgis, Hazen, Harker, Stanley, T. J. Wood, Brannan, Balrd, Davis. There were Brigadiers and Colonels who were educated soldiers, and, consider ing the superior Intelligence of the Union volunteer, there was no reason why he should not have been at least equal to the regular during the Civil War, because he was trained and disci plined by exactly the same formative hands as the regular; he had the same fiery baptism of battle, and with a year's experience in the field he ought to have equaled the regular. But this does not meet the real point of the controversy. The real dif ference between regulars and volun teers was seen at first Bull Run, where the little troop of regulars and marines remained unshaken amid the senseless panic that stampeded the raw volun teers. Suppose war should break out tomorrow with a country that possessed an army of trained soldiers. Our volun teers would be worthless except as marksmen to fight behind inirench ments until they had been seasoned by two or three stiff campaigns. But if we had a great war with a great military power on our hands, we could not wait six months or a year to make steady troops of our volunteers. We did not have to wait during our Civil War, because the enemy were no better off than we were. Does anybody suppose that Pickett could have led 10,000 green Confederates up the slopes of Gettysburg to the can non's mouth? Does anybody suppose Hancock could have marched 5000 green volunteers up to the "stone wall" at Fredericksburg? Seasoned Veteran volunteers In our Civil War were as good as regulars, and they ought to have been better, for the raw material was better and they were really drilled, disciplined and fought by the same ed ucated eyes and hands that wielded the regulars in war. When we pass from comparing the regular rank and file with the seasoned volunteer to com paring the volunteer officer, who learned his trade in the field, with the West Point officer, who reached the field an educated soldier, the record is against General Cox. During four years of constant battle, out of the thousands of highly educated, Intelligent men Avho became volunteer officers a few like General Cox rose to high distinc tion and important command, but they were so few that the only sufficient ex planation is that their lack of military education made them less fit than the graduates of West Point for high com mand. With an army of at least 500,000 men on the firing line when the war closed, the only volunteer Generals who had shown staying military ability which designated them for high com mand were Blair, Cox, Logan, Crocker, John E. Smith, at the West; and Cham berlain, Earlow, Miles, at the East. There was no lack of fine brains and education among the volunteers, but for higher commands than a brigade the volunteer officer was handicapped by his lack of scientific military training. NEED OP AN ARID-LAND POLICY. It is time a policy were adopted rela tive to the so-called arid lands of the United States. These possessions have art Important bearing on the progress of the country. They are not to be dis posed of as are lands that are In condi tion for immediate cultivation or valu able for timber or minerals, or by rea son of riparian location. They are not in their natural condition capable of yielding a living to civilized man, and are not, therefore, to be offered to set tlers with any hope that their accept ance will carry benefits to anybody. Some provision must be made for get ting water upon these lands before they wlll become of practical value. From the experiments that have been conducted, it appears clear that it 13 within the legitimate functions of the Government to provide for watering the arid lands, for this necessarily implies control of the water sources. In these wide, dry areas, he who controls the water supply has the land at his mercy. It is frequently the practice of private owners to get the tracts on which springs are located, or through which streams flow, by which device they govern the use of vast areas. Those who cannot get to water must leave the country, and the water-owners thu3 hold it all. Of course, this practice cannot be permitted to prevail. It Is not only rank injustice to citizens, but it keeps the country from development and Is thereby Injurious to the state. Congress has already enacted laws that partially remedy this difficulty, but they do not actively promote the im provement of the arid areas. A way is provided whereby monopoly of water sources may be prevented hereafter; but this hardly reaches the real need of the situation. At best the arid regions are not in viting to settlers. Something should be done not only to make It possible for homebuilders to enforce certain rights against water-owners, but to bring the country Into a condition that shall make It attractive to tillers of the soil; for it is they who need encouragement, who make the state rich, who are the groundwork of social order, the basis of civilization. So long as the risk Is great and It is necessary to take these lands In vast tracts In order to use them, there will be no popular move ment to occupy them. They will re main vacant or fall into the hands of irrigation companies or livestock syndi cates, who will, of course, use them to their own ends. Another feature of the problem Is the matter of getting water upon arid land so situated that It cannot be seasonably covered from natural sources of supply. Storage res ervoirs are necessary In such cases, and they are not only too expensive for ordinary farming communities to un dertake, but require higher engineer ing skill than settlers in a new coun try would be likely to find available. Senator Warren, of Wyoming, has, formed a plan that is entitled to serious consideration. It is to devote the pro ceeds from the sale of arid lands to projects that will secure water for them storage reservoirs, irrigation ditches, etc These would be established and controlled for the general good. At most the Government would risk only the receipts from the sale of land that would be practically worthless without such improvements, and the assurance of the Government that the improve ments would be provided would com mand the confidence of homeseekers and contribute to rapid settlement of the countrj'. Here is a good plan to elaborate and build on. The Texas Legislature has decided to submit to a popular vote an amend ment to the constitution making the payment of a poll tax a prerequisite to voting. The proposed amendment re quires that the citizen shall present a receipted poll-tax bill or shall make oath that the tax has been paid before he will be allowed to vote. The object of the amendment is to increase the public revenues and to make more diffi cult the colonization of Mexican voters in districts bordering on the Rio Grande River at election times. Texas thus proposes to do what Massachusetts un did by constitutional amendment ten years ago. The repeal of the require ment making the payment of the poll tax a condition of exercising the fran chise has greatly Increased the difficul ties of collecting this tax, and greatly Increased the number of annual delin quencies in this particular in Massa chusetts, where a larger proportion of those now assessed escape the poll tax altogether, while the cost of collecting the tax has Increased. Something like two-thirds of the voters of Massachu setts directly pay no taxes on property and are assessed for poll tax only. It does not se'em economical policy to make it comparatively easy to evade the payment of the poll tax, and yet make that evasion no bar to the rlg"ht to vote. The present war in "Venezuela can hardly be called unexpected, for Vene zuela since 1S46 has experienced spas modic outbreaks of revolution. The people have an overweening love of of fice, and the "outs" are always willing to fight to get in, while the "ins" never want to get out until they are pushed out by the bayonet. A civil war took place in 1892, resulting in General Crespo being proclaimed provisional President October 10 by a convention of civil and military leaders. In October, 1S93, he was elected to a constitutional term of office beginning February, 1894. Since that day Venezuela has been plagued by a state of almost constant insurrection and revolution, Andrade, who was driven out of "Venezuela as a fugitive a few months ago, is reported to have returned, prepared to take the field against President Castro. "Vene zuela has about 2,500,000 people, and can put Into the field an army of 160, 080 men, who are ferocious-, barbarous fighters. "Venezuela seems to be inhab ited by a race of tropical Gascons, to whom fighting seems to come as nat ural as the art of swimming to a flock of ducks "Venezuela comprises over 560,000 square miles of territory, but much of it is uninhabitable swamp. Chicago has, among other things, two brothers named Farson, who are bank ers. Both men profess religion, one be ing a pillar in the Methodist Church and the other belonging to the Holiness faith. The Holiness man believes in re vivals. Chicago Methodists generally express the belief that that srecies of churchly activity has had its day, and that no genuine religious awakening will follow old revival methods. There upon the Holiness Farson offered to pay a Methodist parson 51000 if a Holiness revival in his church should not result In the conversion of fifteen persons. And now the Methodist Farson offers $1000 apiece for every sinner who shall be converted by Holiness evangelists In his Methodist church, beginning next Tuesday. So a Holiness revival is to stir at least two Methodist churches if the haggling over details shall not defeat that prospect. This Is a depart ure from the beaten path of gambling. It Is a safe bet that more dollars than souls will be converted by it. The foes that have laid siege to the life of the Empress Frederick are both formidable and insidious. A complica tion of cancer, kidney trouble and heart disease is certain to gain the day, how ever valiantly it may be kept at bay by medical science. The wonderful resist ive powers of the Empress render her a much less easy prey to disease than was her brother, the late Duke of Co burg. The latter, though suffering with what through consanguineous marriage has become a royal disease cancer had not been heralded as 1U, and his death was unexpected, even to his fam ily. His sister, because of her regular and abstemious habits of living, fights with her superb vitality every Inch of advance made by the destroyer, and her physicians do not pretend to say whether her life will be a matter of hours, days or months. The throwing of an iron missile at Emperor William of Germany recalls the fact that in President Cleveland's Southern tour, during his first term, an enthusiastic woman of Atlanta, Ga., threw a flapjack at his carriage, and this eccentric compliment landed In the lap of the President's wife. In Dickens' novel of "Nicholas Nickleby" the elder ly gentleman who had lost his wits communicated his sense of admiration for Mrs. Nickleby by throwing cucum ber, crooknecks, beets and turnips over the garden wall so that they fell In a continual shower at her feet. The epileptic German perhaps only meant to salute his Emperor, but rather 6Yer dld it. He ought to have tossed him an orange, or a banana, or a German pan cake. Lancaster, O., realizes in cold and darkness the fickleness of the natural gas supply for fuel and light. Schools and factories of that city have been compelled to close, and street-cars have dome to a dead stop because this supply gave out. Nature's methods for replen ishment of her vast storehouses are as slow as the ages. In the face of this well-known fact natural gas has been drawn upon In various localities as if the fountain wafs exhaustless, while vast industries dependent upon this ele ment for fuel for their furnaces have been established with no thought of the possibility that the supply is lim ited. The plight in which this Ohio manufacturing town now finds itself is evidence of this folly. The present pension laws require an annual expenditure of $145,245,230. The National Homes for Disabled Volunteer Soldiers require this year an appropri ation of more than 53,000,000, and the State Homes for Disabled Volunteer Soldiers will reqelve $950,000. The last session of Congress appropriated $325, 000 for back pay and bounty to soldiers of the Civil War; $200,000 for arrears of pay In the Spanish War, and $27,000 for artificial limbs and appliances. This does not take Into account the $4,000,000 for annual salaries and ex penses in operation of the Pension Bu reau and the Record and Pension Office. The Senatorial child's play in the Montana Legislature, as In the Oregon body, kept up until the latest possible moment, when it concluded with an up roarious side play that sent a man to the United States Senate whose chances for election had not been seriously con sidered before. According to post-election estimates, the choice of Paris Gib son to succeed Thomas H. Carter was a wise one. This .being true, the wonder Is how, amid scenes of such uproarious folly, wisdom managed to rear her head and speak with controlling utterance. Nebraska is next to be heard from, and after that, perhaps, Delaware. If Senator Carter had not talked so long in Washington, he might have ar rived in Montana in time to have per suaded even the Democratic Legisla ture to re-elect him. However, he has something "equally as good" In that Federal appointment to look after the St. Louis fair. What a truly convenient thing-that exposition commission is! Thurston of Nebraska, Lindsay of Ken tucky, and now McBride of Oregon, all find It a soft landing-place after their failure to be appreciated in their own states. Judge Bellinger's suggestion to the warring interests In the Columbia Southern Railway Company to get to gether and settle their differences out of court Is to the point and eminently practical. No possible good can come to anybody but the lawyers by keeping this disagreement stewing in the courts. It ought to be settled, and the railroad should move ahead Into new territory. The United States Senate has shown Senator Mitchell marked courtesy In deferring Its adjournment until he shall arrive and take the oath of office. He is in position now to do great service for his state, and his state greatly needs the service. The Crisis is again'' doing business at the old stand in the far East. The Boer "War is again not ended. OREGON SHOULD BE BENEFITED. WASHINGTON, March 3. Unlike most junkets of Congressional committees, the proposed trip of the House river and har bor committee to the Pacific Coast during the coming Summer will unquestionably result to the good of the Government and the people of the states which the commit tee Intends to visit. As a matter of fact, a trip of this kind is almost necessary in order that this committee may act intel ligently on appropriations for Pacific Coast rivers and harbors. When the river and harbor bill was be ing considered in the House, and later In the Senate committees, the fact was forcefully emphasized that the members of the two committees were almost with out any actual knowledge of the rivers and harbors of Oregon and Washington, and the statements made by the members of the delegations of these two states were in the nature of revelations. For instance. Chairman Burton, of the House committee, was of the opinion that the Columbia River above Celilo, was so filled with rocks and rapids as to be ut terly unfit for navigation. He had been informed, while traveling In the Missis sippi Valley that such was the condition of the upper river, and accepted this statement as true, without consulting any one who actually knew the facts in the case And so It was with other members of the two committees. Senator Simon found the Senate committee equally uninformed. They seemed to have no Idea of the vast extent and Importance of the Columbia River, until he laid some of the facts be fore them. Of course there was this to contend with: Seattle, through Its vast advertising, has spread the opinion pretty genenlly throughout the East that Puget Sound is really the only harbor on the Pacific Coast north of San Francisco, and many persons, hearing and reading of the growing City of Seattle, have taken these statements as the truth, and never made further Investigation. Representative Tongue is very enthu siastic over the proposed trip of his com mittee, which, according to the rough plan, is to start in at Galveston on or about the first of June After viewing this harbor, the committee will proceed to the southern coast of California, and visit the principal harbors along the coast, working northward, through San Fran cisco, and on to Oregon. Already a num ber of invitations have been extended by the Chambers of Commerce, Mayors and other officials and bodies of California and Washington to have the committee visit their harbors and make an inspec tion as to the needs of further improve, ments. Mr. Tongue, as well as the other members of the Oregon delegation, have urged the committee to make a thorough Inspection of the river and harbor works In Oregon. They hope, however, that the Chambers of Commerce of Portland, As toria and other cities interested, as well as Governor Geer and some of the state officials, will extend a formal Invitation to the committee, through its chairman, to visit Portland and the several river and harbor Improvements in order to make themselves familiar with the needs and tho good work that has been accomplished In the past. Representative Moody is particularly anxious to have the committee view the Upper Columbia River from The Dalles to Celilo, and thsnee upwards to the up per river and Snake. He thinks that if they once realize the vast importance of overcoming the obstruction at The Dnlles and Celilo favorable consideration will be given to the pleas that have- gone up from time to time for an appropriation for overcoming this obstacle. It had been his idoa to collect a series of photo graphs to lay before the committee In support of his claims for an appropriation for this object, but he realizes that a per sonal inspection by the committee will be the most forcible argument that could be made. It Is proposed, if the time of the committee allows, to take them over the route of the proposed canal and locks, and point out to them the feasibility, as well as the necessity of such a project. All In all, this trip of the river and harbor committee Is the best thing that could possibly happen for Oregon river and harbor works, aside from a large appropriation. It will serve to acquaint the members of the committee, or at least most of them, with the true import ance of the meritorious projects, and at the same time will give them an opportu nity for locating those that should not draw upon the general Government for support. It Is very probable that if they enn as a body view the project at Ya quina Bay, for Instance, that they will realize the unworthiness of th.it improve ment. They may also conclude that the improvement of some of the smaller streams is not proper worked for the gen eral Government: but while they make these adverse observations, there can be little question but what they will appre ciate the importance of continuing the Im provement of the mouth of the Columbia River, and procuring and maintaining a deep channel In that river and tho Wil lamette below Portland. There Is reason to suppose, nlso, that the committee will look with favor upon tho further Im provement of the upper Columbia, and in view of the fact that the bulk of the appropriation for the lower river is made in the late bill, there will be ample op portunity in the next bill to turn the bulk of the Oregon and Washington appropria tion to the upper river and Its Important tributaries. After leaving Oregon, the committee will extend their tour into Washington, where they will view the various Improvements. It is understood that a special effort will be made by the Seattle people to impress these members with the "importance and necessity" of the Seattle ditch, while Ta coma will endeavor to p'olnt out the ne cessity for further Improving Its harbor. The Junket should also result favorably to Washington. All in all, this trip Is one of the most meritorious over proposed for a Congressional committee, and will un doubtedly prove a great success. QUESTION OP UNIFOR3IS. Men Promoted From the Rank De barred From Certain Privileges. WASHINGTON, March ?. The Secre tary of the Navy today made response to the resolution of the Senate making In quiries as to whether commissioned offi cers promoted from the ranks are debarred the use of the uniform and other privi Hges. He says: "Commissioned officers in the Naval service promoted from the ranks are not debarred from privileges enjoyed by other commissioned officers of the Navy, but they are not given the use of some uni forms used by certain other commissioned officers, just as the latter In one grade or corps are not given the same uniform as others of them in another grade or corps. There is a distinction between the Insignia of officers promoted from the ranks and officers who have graduated from tho Naval Academy, just as there are dis tinctions In the Insignia of the latter offi cers, as for instance, between a Lieuten ant and a civil engineers, because such distinction Is necessary to. Indicate the grade of the service to which these officers belong by reason of their duties and their rank. The distinction does not rise from the question of whether the officer is pro moted from the ranks or is a graduate of the Naval Academy. "The department has in preparation and will Issue about May 1 a uniform regula tion book, showing all uniforms and per mitting officers promoted from the ranks to wear certain insignia and uniforms not now worn by them, but which are per mitted for other commissioned officers." Time for Ratification Extended. WASHINGTON, March S. Secretary Hay and Ambassador Cambon, acting for their respective governments, have signed an arrangement extending until Septem ber 24. 1502,' the period allowed for the ratification of the French reciprocity treaty. NAMES FOR THE 1905 FAIR. In reply to the advertisement for a gen ius to name the 1905 exposition, a corre spondent who signs himself "Without Genius" submits the following title :4 PACIFIC EXPOSITION AND LEWIS AND CLARK CENTENNIAL. In defense of his suggestion the writer says: "The title is short. It says neither too much nor too little. It means just the words. Originators have been laboring under an unconscious handicap because they have not recognized the dual charac ter of the exposition. Hence their expres sions are confused. It is clear our efforts must be in two directions. We are pre paring a particular celebration for our selves and a comprehensive celebration for the world. The former is the Lewis and Clark Centennial; the other is a Pa cific Exposition. We have, then, both a comprehensive and a simple project. The smaller l's set In the larger. Both are means to the same ena. We cannot at tract the world with only a local enter prise. We cannot build ui an exposition except on a local baste. "It Is easy, then, to see why all sug gestions have failed of their purpose. We need to separate the two ideas from their unconscious hodge-podge. Pacific cov ers the Pacific Ocean, and if our fair shall compass our purpose, it will be a Pacific Exposition in the true sense. If our en deavor shall reach towards the Orient, the Pacific laves the Orient. If it shall reach from Cape Horn, along the west coast of South America, past Mexico, California, the Northwest of Lewis and Clark, Brit ish Columbia. Alaska, Siberia, China and India, the truest designation for the expo sition will be 'Pacific.' And if we feel the new commercial Impetus across this western ocean, we may properly adopt 'Pacific If we want to make prominent our situation and our relation to the new world just opened bj 'Pacific we can bring Oregon forward and the Colombia as the Pacific gateway. "In this we have a broad title, one that is pregnant with purpose, and one that will not stint our efforts as they shall ex pand. If we are so very ambitious, 'Pan Pacific' may be appropriate. The oppor tunity is before us to make the exposition as great as that name. Never yet has there been a great fair on this Coast, never yet a Pacific exposition. The hey day of Oregon's opportunity is here. Co lumbus sought the Orient. Balboa first saw the Pacific Oregon can uncover both. Imagination of centuries has anticipated this era. Oregon may start the renais sance. "Further, this title would be popular. It would flow readily from everybody's mouth. It would mean to the Atlantic coast just what we want. When Atlantic people should come to look upon the Pa cific, they would see an exposition of the Pacific "In 'Lewis and Clark Centennial we have the .other idea, the particular aspect for the Northwest. By merging it Into the other, we enhance the significance of Lewis and Clark's expedition. This latter title nobody can Improve. By 1905 100 years will have followed those celebrated ex plorers. And It is the centennial we shall celebrate." In the selection of an appropriate name allow me to suggest the following: PIONEER CENTENNIAL. This name is short and comprehensive. Is it not to the point? We are to com memorate the exploits of Lewis and Clark. These men were pioneers. READER. Oregon Is a protty word, and Oriental Is also a pretty word; so the two combined are very graceful. Oregon represents the United States, particularly Oregon State. Portland need not be Included In the name, neither need Northwest, as Oregon represents all In one. Lewis-Clark is soft and easily pro nounced. So I suggest: OREGON-ORIENTAL LEWIS-CLARK FAIR. The last word "fair" Is shorter than "exposition," "exhibition" or "centen nial"; for that reason only I propose It. Still, to represent properly centenary. "centennial would be the most appropri ate word, although It lengthens the name. E. G. WOODHAM. Other suggestions are as, follows: By Alex Bernstein NORTHWEST EXPLORATION CENTEN NIAL. By Martin L. Pipes GREAT NORTHWEST CENTENNIAL. By R. H. Hill TRANS-PACIFIC 'EXPOSITION. By B. J. Hoadley COLUMBIA RIVER EXPOSITION. The Great Steel Combination. Wall Street Journal. In order to judge the effect of the steel combination upon the steel stocks and upon the general market. It is worth while to consider what has been done, and what that seems to lead to. The United States Steel Company was organized as a measure of defense. There were recently three important factors in the steel trade the Carnegie Company, threatening extension Into the field of fin ished products; Federal Steel and Steel & Wire, threatening extension Into the field of raw materials, and the Moore com panies, threatening extensions In all direc tions. The United States Company, by acquiring control of these properties, checks their encroachments upon each other and combines the strongest interests in the trade in a company expected to be able to oppose such outside interests ai may exist or may develop. In doing this, the United States Com pany has expanded an already excessive capitalization, and is to that extent open to attack by enterprises having a capital more closely related to the value of their plants. It may be open to the competition of foreign manufacturers should senti ment created by so large an aggregation secure removal of tariff advantages hith erto enjoyed In answer to this. It may be said that the United States Company could perhaps tire out or drive out competitors -doing business at a loss, if necessary, in the field attacked, and recouping that loss In other departments of the business. Further more, the increasing exports of iron and iron products suggests that the new com pany may be able to compete successfully with foreign manufacturers, in case the abilities of the management of the new company were not equal to the task of re taining some legislative protection. Lincoln and the Queen. Boston Herald. The American tributes to the dead Queen recall some of those that came from the other side when President Lincoln was as sassinated. Sir John Tenniel, of Punch, had been In the habit of caricaturing Lin coln as an uncouth and unlettered rail splitter, but after the assassination there appeared In Punch that famous cartoon representing a bier covered with an Amer ican flag, at the head Columbia, at the foot a negro with broken shackles, and Britan nia laying a wreath on the body of Lin coln. Accompanying this cartoon were thse lines by Shirley Brojks You lay a, wreath on murdered Lincoln's bier. You, who, with mocking pencil wont to trace. Broad for the self-complacent British sneer. His length of shambling limb, his furrowed face. Beside this corpse, that bears for winding sheet. The Stars and Stripes he lived to rear anew. Between the'mourners at his head and feet. Say, scurrlle Jester, Is there room for you? Yes, ho had lived to shame me from my sneer, To lame my pencil and confute my pen To make me own this hind of Prlnce3 peer. This rail-splitter a true-born King of men. This was Tenniel's last cartoon on American subjects. X0TE AXDv COMMENT. , A sign of Spring "Keep Off the Grass." During Bryan's absence, in Buffalo his paper will be no commoner. The Venezuelans have to do their pre paring for peace in times of war. The British House of Commons is evi dently determined not to be eclipsed by Kansas. Ex-President Harrison has the grip, but it Is not likely that he will have any fever with It. In exchanging a Filipino for a gun tho authorities in Manila place a pretty high value on the Filipinos. Rear-Admiral Sampson would be de lighted no doubt to be able to call that Morgan affair a closed incident. Lngland Is going to send 12,000 more men to South Africa presumably to settle up the country, as the war Is over. After a while inventors will see the fu tility of hoping to discover anything that Tesla has not proved useless years ago. It is suspected that when John Wilson Durant, of Albany. N Y., said he was killed in a duel he was guilty of gross exaggeration. When 'the Congressmen gat back to their constituents they will be just as well satisfied that that ship Sibsldy bill was not passed. Close study of the columns of the Lin coln Commoner will soon reveal' that pa per's choice for the Democratic nominee for President three years henc. An old man who has been a farmer for 57 years in Missouri says: "When I began farming I plowed with a wooden plow, cut wheat and oats with a sickle and threshed them out by the tramping process, cut the meadow with a scythe and used a wooden tooth harrow. Much of the wheat and corn I raised vas eaten by deer, turkeys and prairie chicken--. It was no uncommon sight t see as many as 29 deer in a herd. Just think of the jump from an ox team to a railroad! I remember my first trip on the cars. It was in 1ST6, I think. My wift and I drove from Harmony to Ashley to see some friends. When at Curryille we concluded to take a trip up into1 Audrain County, to Vandalia. Well, waen tho train started and we were movipg over the prairie, the experience was so pleas ing and novel that I couldn't help think ing of the wonderful age. It felt so good to be wheeling through space that wo remained aboard until we reached Mex ico. It was wonderful to go that far and back in a day." i Judge Gate?, of Kansas City, tdls this story: "My family being absent from tho city, I was taking my meals at a rest aurant where negro boys arc employed as waiters. In one corner of the, room is a dumb waiter, where orders are called out to the cook- in the kitchen Ibove. The first morning my order Incjuded, among other things, two eggs, fried me dium. The waiter, following his custom, went to the open shaft and then called out my order, ending with 'for Mistah Gates.' He then turned to attend to some other duty, but had not taken more than three steps when a peculiar look spread over his face. The next mqment he had fairly jumped to the opening and cried out: 'Say, thar, William! Lookee heah! That order ain't foah lllstah Gates! It are foah Jedge Gates! An", say, thar! Make them algs fresh algs!' After which he drew a breath of satis faction seconded only to my own. So you see, it really pays sometimes to be a Judge." PLEASANTRIES OF PARAGRAPIIERS "Why do you say he lacks knowledge?" "Of all my friends, when I had the grip, he was the only one that didn't know a sure cure for It." Philadelphia Tlm-?s. Ward Come. now. do you think it possible for a politician to be honcat? Statesman Oh, . I suppose It Is possible, but why the ne ceselty? Boston Transcript. The Proper Thins. Mistress I hope I didn't disturb you and your lover when I went Into the kitchen lat night! Cook Not . at all, mum! Ol told him that you was my chappy rone. Puck. Dunderhed I say. Barton, who was that funny-looking old lady I saw you with at the concert last evening? Barton That funny old lady was my wif?. Dunderhed Oh, I don't mean the one with the brown bonnet on: but that absurd creature with the snub nose and the crooked eyes. Barton Oh, you mean my sister. Boston Transcript. Pinafore Up to Date. Chicago Tribune. Josephine No, father the object of my lova is no lordling. Oh, pity me, for he is but a gunner, on boerd your own ship! Captain A common gunner? Oh, fie! Job. I blush for the wtakne3 that allows me to cherish auch a passion; but I love him! I love him! (Weeps.) Capt. But. my child, the fellow has no re finement. I don't suuiKwe he ever saw a co tillon, much less danced one. A gunner may be brave and worthy, but at every step he would commit solecisms that society would never pardon. Jos. Oh! I have thought of this night and dny. But fear not, father. Though I carry my love with me to the tomb, he shall never, never know it. Capt. You are my daughter after all. But see, Admiral Fawkspasi' boat approaches. (Enter Admiral Fawkspass and his female relatives. Ensemble and business.) SONG ADMIRAL FAWKSPASS. When I was a boy I waited table. And was chambermaid In a livery stable; I curried the horses and 1 swept the floor,, And voted life a deuced bor. But I learned to tie an Ascot tie. And now In tho Navy I'm a great big guy. Chorus He learned to tie, etc , At currying horses I did excel. And I curried favor, too, as well. I plugged along in a menial way. But I knew my chance would come some day, For I learned to feed my face with a fork. And now In the Navy I'm all th pork Cho. He learned to feed, etc. I also learned to polka and waltz. And corrected all of my social faults, I never used a knife to open a roll. And never drank out of the finger bowL The upshot was, as you can see, I'm the biggest guy in the whole Naveo. Cho. The upshot was, etc. Now, landsmen all, whoever you may be. If you want to rise So the top of the tree, Don't eat with a knife or cut a roll. And don't drink out of the finger bowl. Just pattern your actions after me. And some day Admiral you may be. Cho. JuHt pattern, etc. Fawks. You've a remarkably fine crew. Cap tain Corcoran. Capt. It Is a fine crew. Admiral. Fawks. (examining a gunner) An American gunner Is a splendid fellow. Captain Corcoran. Capt. A splendid fellow, indeed, Admiral. Fawks. What a pity they're not in society. (To gunner.) Can you lead a cotillon? Gunner No. sir. Fawks. That's a pity. All sailors should learn to lead a cotillon. I'll show you how this evening, after dinner. And now. Captain I Corcoran, a word with you In your cabin.