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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Jan. 31, 1901)
THE MORKING OREGONIAN, THURSDAY, JANUARY 31, 1901. hs rggomcm. Catered at the Postofflce at Portland, Oregon, as second-class matter. TELEPHONES. Editorial Rooms 166 1 Business OSes.. .087 REVISED SUBSCRIPTION RATES. By Mall (postage prepaid). In Advance Dally, with Sunday, per month $ S5 Dally. Sunday excepted, per year 7 50 Dally, with Sunday, per year i 0 00 Sunday, per year 2 00 The Weekly, per year 1 60 The Weekly. 3 months 60 To City Subscribers Dally, per week, delivered. Sundays excepted-15o Dally, per week, delivered. Sundays lncluded.20c POSTAGE RATES. United States, Canada and Mexico: 10 to 18-page paper... ............... .......lo 10 to 32 page paper.. ............... .......2o Foreign rates double. News or discussion intended for publication in The Oregonlan should be addressed Invaria bly "Editor The Oregonlan," not to the name of any Individual. Letters relating to advertis ing, subscriptions or to any business matter should be addressed simply "The Oregonlan." The Oregonlan does not buy poems or stories from Individuals, and cannot undertake to re turn any manuscripts sent to It without solici tation. No stamps should be Inclosed for this purpose. Puget Sound Bureau Captain A. Thompson, office at 1111 Pacific avenue. Tacoma. Box 835. Tacoma Postffice. Eastern Business Office The Tribune build ing. New Tork City; "The Rookery," Chicago; the S. C Beckwlth special agency. New Tork. For sale In San Francisco by J. K. Cooper, 746 Market street, near the Palace Hotel; Gold smith Bros., 238 Sutter street; F. W. Pitts, 1003 Market street; Foster & Orear, Ferry News stand. For sale In Los Angeles by B. F. Gardner, 259 So. Spring street, and Oliver & Haines, 108 So. Spring street. For tale In Chicago by the P. O. Newa Co.. 217 Dearborn street. For sale in Omaha by H. C Shears, 105 N. Sixteenth street, and Barkalow Bros., 1012 Farnam street. For sale In Salt Lake by the Salt Lake News Co., 77 W. Second South street. For sale In New Orleans by Ernest & Co., 115 Royal street. On file In Washington D. C., with A. W. Dunn, DM 14th N. W. For sale in Denver, Cola, by Hamilton & Kendrick, 906-012 Seventh street. - TODAY'S WEATHER. Probably occasional rain; winds becoming southerly. J PORTLAND, THURSDAY, JAX. 31. Down in Kansas a man drank himself to death. Whisky was the cause of his downfall, therefore whisky should be abolished. Up at Seattle a man gam bled his wife's money all away and then shot himself. Gambling was the cause of his downfall, therefore gam bling should be abolished. Over in Spokane a young man became infatu ated with a variety actress, and be cause she refused him, committed sui cide. A woman was the cause of his downfall, therefore women should be abolished. A "Whitman County farmer thawed out some dynamite in his cook stove so effectively that the whole fam ily were blown to fragments. Dyna mite was the cause of their downfall, therefore dynamite should be abolished. A once promising youth is in the In sane Asylum at Salem from excessive use of opium. The cause of his down fall was opium, therefore opium should be abolished. Families are beggared and women turned out to lives of shame every day because of specula tion in grain futures; therefore, wheat should be abolished. In all these cases! there are two constant, distinct ele ments the man active, and the thing passive. The instruments a man may employ to ruin himself and his depend ents ,are manifold and -multiform. He can drink himself to death, or waste his substance In riotous living, or 'cut his throat with a razor, or surrender his manhood to an extravagant wife, or Jump off the coof of a ten-story building. He makes the choice, his is the accountability. But this fact, plain as It should be to all, does not suit our modern sentimentalists. They hate to say to" a drunkard. You are a wretch and ought to suffer for your crimes. It Is bo much pleasanter to tell him he is a good fellow and the victim of the whisky in countless barrels, bottles and demijohns. The young scapegrace who gambles away his salary should not be punished, but condoled with and ad vised to lay his fault upon the table where his money was lost. The bear ing of the theory on public policy Is obvious. To reform profligates, abolish whisky and cards. To Becure chastity, persecute prostitutes. Persuaded of this doctrine, one can but lament that the Almighty had not heard of it before he planted in Paradise the forbidden tree, under the impression, apparently, that in a world without temptation there can be no character. It is to be regretted, on some ac counts, that the House banking com mittee has decided to report both the Hill and Overstreet bills without wait ing to hear the testimony of Mr. TV. J. Bryan, editor of the Lincoln Commoner, and for some years the Democratic party of the United States. "What we want is a multiplicity of counsel. The more the merrier. Yet we need not burst In ignorance as to the expert testimony Mr. Bryan would offer If the committee had called him, for he has long applied his powers to the monetary problems of the country, and he has never failed to sacrifice his voice In their discussion. Colonel and Editor Bryan has always held at the public command exalted capacity of achieve ment and unlimited lung power, which enabled him to earn distinction on the dramatic stage, in the profession of law, on the battle-field, in the sanctum and in the calling of a perpetual candi date. It is easy, therefore, to construct his testimony from his known views. Thus: Q -Colonel Bryan, what Is yew view as to the beat method of hamMteg subsidiary silver? A To shall not prose town upon labor this crown of thorns. Yon shall sot crucify man kind upon a croea of gold. Q WouM yow recommend, or disapprove, the coinage of Sherman gtlver late ootns of less than $1? A I would ask yon how long It wilt take the poor applo-grower to get as rleh as the trust magnate vj From your experience with and knowl edge of finance and banking, wontd statutory redemption of stiver dollars lay a dasgeroue burden on the Treasury reserve? A In traveling over yoor beautiful country. I have been Impressed with the fact that the wve of the poor have not so many luxurious eeaslde homes as have tboso of the rioh. Q What further measures. If any. would you recommend, for insuring the parity at the silver dollar? A Haw long wttt It take a farmer to save up enough money to attract broken-down Princes to thts country to marry his daugh ters? If one were in unfairness disposed to do so, he could make up answers from Bryan's speeches less pertinent than these, but we have selected only those that bring his exhaustive study of coln- lage problems directly to bear on the juestlons In hand. The light that Mr. fryan would shed on the problem of filver coinage is of almost Cimmerian Intensity. The annual school " election In the Portland dtetrlot will" be' held on thfe first Monday in March. In the opinion of many persons, women should divide with men suitable women with suita ble men the very important duties of the school governing board. There Is, so far as The Oregonlan is informed, no opposition to this view. There are women and women, men and men, hon est and upright in purpose, but in the nature of things of varying degrees of adaptability to various callings. The proper qualifications for a School Di rector do not include political ambition or a desire or ability to conduct the schools in this interest or that, outside of matters of a purely educational and business character. They do Include strict personal integrity, good business ability, a genius for attending to de tails, and an intelligent understanding of educational questions and methods. In the opinion of many thoughtful, con servative business men and taxpayers, Mrs. L. "W. Sltton is a person who meets fully these requirements. The candidacy of Mrs. Sltton for this posi tion has been announced. It is sup ported by the Indorsement of many substantial citizens, who feel that in her election not only the influence of a woman, which is conceded to be a val uable factor in educational work, but that of a conscientious and careful business member, will be added to the School Board. The fact that we have gone too far in pledging the public credit at Portland for certain things which we could have gone without, ought, indeed, to have gone without, furnishes no good reason, as it seems to The Oregonlan, why we' should resolve to do nothing more in this direction, no matter how meritori ous or needful the object Economy is not parsimony, merely. It is a dis tributive virtue. It cuts down expendi ture in places where it can be spared, in order to make expenditure, perhaps greater, in other directions. It is the Judgment of men who have much to do with the business of Portland that a drydock is now a most necessary thing for our commerce; that in fact we have reached a stago where it can no longer be neglected with safety. "We are reach ing out for commerce. A drydock is admitted to be a most essential auxil iary. Mr. Mohler's argument for it be fore the Multnomah delegation at Sa lem was a strong one. No small part of the support necessary for a drydock would be had from the O. R. & N.'s own vessels those engaged In Coast and trans-Pacific trade. Again, the O. R. & N., upon whose efforts we mainly rely. Is the heaviest of our taxpayers, As a rule, The Oregonlan opposes ad ditional debts and bonds. In this case, however, the question 13 whether we can afford to go longer without this In creasingly necessary adjunct to our commerce. POPULISM SIDETRACKED. Southern Democrats say they were compelled, much against their will, to yield to the doctrines of Populism, or submit to the dissolution and extinc tion of the Democratic party. So they allowed popullstlc and socialistic doc trines to be Incorporated Into Demo cratic platforms, and their party yet lives, Inoculated indeed with a virus which, however, it will throw off In time; while the Populist party has everywhere gone to pieces and the time, is pas when its erratic and mischiev ous notions could be a real danger to the country. The Montgomery (Ala.) Advertiser, apologizing for the necessity that forced Southern Democrats Into these popu llstlc schemes, evidently Is not sorry that Its party was defeated,-hut thinks It will now clear itself of Populist en tanglements. The excuse, according to theAdyertiser, was that some years ago the Populist party suddenly became a power in the South, threatening to de stroy or absorb the Democratic party and leave nothing but a few fragments to show that such an organization had ever existed. It claimed to be sent to rescue the tolling masses from the clutch of the "money devil." It worked on the feelings as well as the preju dices of "the common people," and promised them deliverance from all their troubles. "But," says this South ern Journal, "It has passed away like a fevered dream. True, It demoralized the Democratic party and Inoculated it with new and pernicious doctrines and theories from which It has not yet re covered, but it will recover; and, by an other Presidential campaign, Demo crats and Republicans will be fighting their old battles again." Such talk from Democrats cannot be very comforting to their Populist brethren, whose leaders and statesmen cannot greatly enjoy the spectacle from their station on the side tracks, while the express trains roll by. OBJECTIONABLE PROPOSALS. House bill No. 4S and Senate bill No. 7, now before the Legislature, are a couple of x measures which are causing reputable warehousemen some concern. Ostensibly drawn for the purpose of protecting the farmer from dishonest warehousemen, they place a heavy and needless burden on the dealer whose business methods and commercial standing render such laws worthless so far as they pertain to him. As in the case of the grain Inspection law, com pulsory pilotage, seamen's commissions and other useless and expensive meas ures which periodically show up at Sa lem, the exporters, warehousemen and wheat handlers refuse to assume this burden, and It is accordingly passed on to the producer. The Senate bill re ferred to provides for a system of monthly reports, so elaborate In detail that the owner of even a small system of warehouses would be obliged to maintain an extra force of clerks In order to comply with the law. The House bill Is even more stringent In Its provisions than the Senate bill. It demands from the warehousemen a bond of not less than 15 per cent of the actual cash value of the volume of business passing through the ware house. In the case of some firms oper ating in the state, this provision would require a bond running well up toward $1,000,000. After the bond is filed, a li cense fee of $5 is charged for each warehouse, and heavy penalties are provided for any violation of the law. The House bill Is quite comprehensive in Its scope. It requires bonds and fixes penalties for "Individuals, Arms, companies or corporations controlling, managing or operating any warehouse, commission-house, forwardlng-house, mill, wharf or other place where grain, flour, feed, beef, pork, wool, fruit or other produce or commodity Is stored." As every town and hamlet In the state has ,from one to a dozen ware houses answering the description given. the license fees alone would amount to many thousand dollars annually. The warehouseman, as stated previously, will not assume this burden, and it will accordingly be absorbed bf the traffic In other words, "the farmer foots the bill." Every reputable warehouseman In the state Is ready at all times to give the patrons of his warehouse abundant security against loss. He is forced to do this, not by any law now on the statute-books, but by the law of com mon sense, backed up by that Immuta ble commercial regulator business competition. If one firm is shaky and causes distrust In the farmer, the latter will straightway take his produce to the Arm which is solvent, and which stands in readiness to secure him against loss without his being com pelled to Invoke the aid of the law. "Washington wheatgrowers have for several years suffered a handicap In competition with the Oregon growers through the state grain inspection serv ice, which adds a needless burden to their business without giving anything In return. The enforcement of the warehouse laws now before the Legisla ture will cost the Oregon wheatgrower much more than the grain inspection service now costs the "Washington wheatgrower, and no greater benefits would be derived from Us workings. The expense of placing the products of the farm in the hands of the consumer is already sufficiently great without adding to it. THE NEW INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION Under the head of the "New Indus trial Revolution," Brooks Adams notes in the February Atlantic that as late as 1860, while- England's exports of manu factures then reached $613,000,000, those of the United States were but $40,000, 000. In 1860 Great Britain had about completed her railway system, while that of the United States had no exist ence west of the Mississippi. Thirty thousand miles of railroad were then In existence; nearly 200,000 miles are now in use, and 4500 miles were added even in 1900. The United Kingdom In 1898 had but 22,000 miles of railway. Jn 1860 neither Iron, nor coal, nor grain, nor meat, could be exported from America in competition with the products of British mines or farms, while Great Britain could sell her manufactures to the United States almost at her own price. This was because a generation ago land transportation rates in the United States were so dear that our products, like Iron, could not be brought from the in terior to the coast in profitable compe tition with England's sea rates. Agri culture formed the corner-stone of the economic system of Europe during the decades which ended with the Franco German "War. In 1873 it cost about $0 21 to convey a bushel of wheat from New York to Liverpool, but through reduc tion In railroad and ocean rates by 1880 It cost only about $0 117. The acreage under wheat In England, Scotland and "Wales fell from 3,490,000 acres In 1873 to 1,897,000 In 1893, while Imports of wheat rose from 43,863,000 hundred weight In 1873 to 65,461.000 In 1893. Meanwhile the population of the United Kingdom had only grown from 32,000,000 to 38,000,000; that Is, the Im ports of wheat had Increased 50 per cent and the population 20 per cent, and this leaves out purchases of flour, which had swelled from 6,000,o8o to 20, 000,000 hundred-weight. The American people, by. their enterprise courage, In ventive and administrative genius since 1865, have organized a system of transportation and Industry adequate to utilizing its resources, and have therefore been able to beat Europe In economic competition. In 1865, with 35,000 miles of railroad already built, our people entered upon the construc tion of 160,000 miles more. By March, 1897, America began at Pittsburg, Pa., to produce steel rails at $18 a ton. In 1882 the Iron mines of the United King dom yielded their maximum of 18,000,000 tons of ore; In 1898 the yield had fallen to 14,000,000. In 1S6S, 9S17 tons of cop per were produced; In 1898, 640 tons. In 1898 the output of lead fell from 73,420 tons Jn 1870 to 25,355 tons. From 10,900 tons In 1871, tin has dwindled to 4013 tons. In time, Europe is sure to buy her raw material abroad and pay the cost of transport. Mr. Adams recites these significant industrial facts, and points out that It was this situation that has prompted Europe to organize a system of trans portation which would open up the East. In November, 1898, Germany seized Klao Chou. A month later the Russians occupied Port Arthur, and the following April the English appropri ated "Wei Hal "Wei. Just 400 miles in land lies the center of the richest Iron and coal deposits In the world, where coal, mined by the rude methods of the Chinese, sells for 13 cents a ton. This Is the objective of Europe, whose problem Is "whether Russia, Germany, France, England and Japan, combined or separately, can ever bring these re sources on the market in competition with the United States." It was the shadow of American competition that startled Russia Into ordering the con struction of the Siberian Railway, which has been made possible only by the support of the "Western nations. Nine years of labor have produced a railway so Inferior that experts agree It will have to be nearly rebuilt to bring it up to the European standard, which does not approach In excellence the American system. In the United States In 1887 more than 12,000 miles of track were laid, so that the building of a line equal to that to the Amoor River, where steam navigation to the Pacific begins, would not have occupied our en ergies more than three years at the most, and probably much less. The Inferiority of Russian to Amer ican energy Is so great that Europe Is reported to have abandoned the theory that the Siberian Railroad would prove a practicable channel for International traffic as against the sea. The conclu sion of Mr. Adams Is that, for the next generation, the relations of the "West toward China In regard to transporta tion promise to ' remain entirely un changed. Russia Is becoming exhaust ed under the strain of her attempt at industrial competition, and it is her col lapse that has checked the partition of China, and the victory for America in the East appears to be decisive, since the organization of Northern China by her commercial rivals Is at least tempo rarily postponed. It seems certain that the partition of China is indefinitely postponed. The Intensified hostility of China, procured through the recent ex pedition to Pekln, will endure a very long time, and, supported as China is by the policy of the United States, its partition Is not likely to take place within this century. "War between the United States and some of the great powers of Europe roar be one of the remote results of our successful opposi tion to the dismemberment of the Celes tial Empire. Europe may consolidate for economic strength, since she can not expand, and she may yet go to war with the great Nation that threatens to undersell her in the markets of the world. One passage In the speech of ex-Senator Towne is hard to harmonize with ihe staple dogma of anti-imperialism which affirms that to admit these de graded islanders into the United States will menace our institutions and en danger our civilization. Mr. Towne says: The Filipinos are perfectly capable of gov erning themselves, as "80 per cent of the popu lation of Luion can read and write. The gov ernment established by Agulnaldo Is strong, symmetrical and progressive, even In the diffi cult and disturbing conditions which surround It. The Filipino statesmen would creditably meet almost any emergency of administration In even the most advanced government, and would have dignified and ornamented the early struggles for nationality of any people known to history. Of course, neither Mr. Towne nor any other antl uses such language when speaking of the desirability of expan sion" In the Philippines. "What harm can American civilization suffer from the admission of men who "would cred itably meet almost any emergency of administration In even the most ad vanced government, and would have dignified and ornamented the early struggles for nationality of any people known to history"? Indeed, upon re flection, and bearing in mind the sad account anti-Ism gives of things here at home, one can only wonder that Mr. Towne does not advocate retention of the Philippines as a measure of im proving the quality of American citi zenship. Two names that have In recent months been often upon the lips of the nations represent at this time two seri ously sick men. LI Hung Chang, long the diplomatic hope of China, and Paul Kruger, but now the dictator of the Boer Republic, both He at death's door with enteric fever. Each is past the age at which Queen Victoria died of "senile decay," and, to all Intents and purposes, the work of both may be con sidered finished. History and experi ence show that very little, after all, de pends upon the life of a single individ ual. Of the three aged persons whose names twere most often spoken In con nection with the strife In which the nineteenth century went out, one has left the1 stage and the other two are likely soon to follow. No one really wishes to detain them. They have done their work. History acknowledges Its Importance. In the nature of things physical and mental (since upon the condition of the house we live In de pends the effectiveness of our endeavor), they can do no more. In their pass ing the boards will be cleared for men to whom life still lends vigor of mind and body. Captain Gray, of Astoria, like many other narrow-minded citizens at the mouth of the river, Is anxious to see the compulsory river pilotage law again In effect. The Astoria plan for forcing the common point or c6mmon ruin for that city Is to make . everything so expen sive for ships coming to Portland that they will gladly stop at Astoria (or per haps Tacoma). Tho. argument of Cap tain Gray Is entitled to consideration, but he might achieve the same end by Introducing a hill making a ship liable to forfeiture and sale If she proceeded farther up the. river than Tbngue Point Meanwhile the port of Portland and the commerce of the great North west Is about as much In need of, com pulsory pilotage as a wagdn Is of the fifth wheel. In another column appears a copy of the declaration on the subject of United States Senator made by the "Citizens" candidates at the June election. Their pledge shows that on the subject of Senator the delegation Is entirely un pledged and uncommitted. One of the signers, Mr. Thompson, of Multnomah, 13, now voting for Mr. Corbett, and his course Is not subject to complaint. The same Is true of, Messrs. Vincent of "Washington and Mr. Hahn of Clatsop, who are also voting for Mr. Corbett, and who were elected on similar tick ets. Accusation of bad faith against these men Is baseless, and should not, as It doubtless will not, deter other members of these delegations from vot ing for Mr. Corbett if they think best to do so. Certain Astorlans at Salem are en tirely candid In their statement of the grounds of their advocacy of restora tion of the burden of compulsory offi cial pilotage on the Columbia and "Wil lamette Rivers, and at the port of Portland. They frankly say they want to make It expensive for vessels to come to Portland. In other words, "If you don't want to pay the pilot fees, let the vessels stop at Astoria." "Will the Legislature approve this spirit and the hold-up policy which It attempts to dictate? The Oregonlan thinks not. Of all the evils that afflict, corrupt and demoralize mankind, none Is com parable to that which arises from abuse of the sexual relation. All other evils, taken together, are nothing. In comparison with this. These evils arise from the presence of woman In the world, as the evils of another kind of Intemperance or excess arise from the presence of alcohol or the liquor saloon. The logic of prohibition Is that If the world were rid of women there would be some chance for manly virtue. Among the suggestions made by Booker "Washington, the negro edu cator, for elevation of his race are sev eral that may apply to white persons as well. To the usual maxims of tem perance and Industry, he adds: "You Bhould oppose at all times the excur sion habit" Booker "Washington has touched here one deep Bource of de moralization. "When will people get moral culture enough to cause them to avoid excursions? The "West Indian troops that were guilty of mutinous and riotous conduct at St Helena are negro soldiers en listed in the West India Islands, and are commanded by British officers. ' If appropriations are to be gauged by amount of taxes paid, on the East ern Oregon proposals, where Is the share of Multnomah County, which pays a third of them? The barbers who -want a law to com pel Sunday closing5 of their shops are not, as it might falsely appear, laboring under a law which compels them to keep open on Sunday. CHRISTIAN OUTLOOK IN CHINA. The writer is an optimist. He believes In the triumph of Christianity every where. This covers China. Eut at the same time the present situation presents grave problems which affect the imme diate outlook. "With some of these the present article will deal. It cannot be urged too strongly nor in sisted upon too vigorously that the recent outbreak is not anti-Christian. It is abso lutely anti-foreign. It Is the culmination of hatred heaped up through a century of foreign aggression. From the East India Company down to the occupation of Port Arthur by Russia the entire series of at tacks made upon Chinese exclusiveness J of outsiders has tended to pile up the animosity naturally felt toward Europeans by a nation full of self-conceit. The opium war, ending in the treaty of Nan king In 1842; the march of the allies, French and English, on Pekln In 186S; the mission of Margang In 1S74-5 across China to Burmah In the Interests of commerce, "S"n,f' convention arranged by Sir Thomas Wade and LI Hung Chang; French aggressions In Tong King; Japanese troubles over Korea; the German pecupancy of Klao Chou Bay, with the "sphere of Influence" thereby extended, each of which has made Inroads on Chinese territory, or treasury, and severe blows to her national pride have been the successive steps which have embroiled the Christian world with the empire. In this embroilment, the mission ary, as the special representative of Christianity, has been murdered, because he Is a foreigner. As a foreigner he has shared in all the contempt and bitter ness and hard names shown and uttered, and has had more than his share of martyrs. The native Christians have fallen under the wrath of their own peo ple, not so much because they are Chris tians, as because thoy are friends of the foreigner. The common conception of a Chinese Christian Is that he Is a man who has taken the foreigners medicine, which has changed him from a loyal Chinese to a disloyal foreigner In sentiment. If not In appearance. The proofs of this to one familiar with the people are too numerous to mention in the limits o.f this article. Suffice It to say that the writer has been asked a few thousand times, by intelligent as well as ordinary Chinese, What sort of medicine do you give Chi nese to make them accept your teachings? Add to this the fact that the missionary, working among the people without asking for their money. Is mistrusted, and otten believed to be In the employ of his gov ernment to win the Chinese, with a view to the seizure of some part of the coun try, and It will be readily seen that those who follow the foreigners must be dis loyal. Perhaps the simplest Illustration of the. fact Is seen In the conduct of that Chris tian who, in a fit of anger at another Christian, took an emetic in public, and, after it had acted, said: "I have now thrown off the foreign medicine and am a Chinese again." It has seemed wise to say this much to show that to a considerable extent the future of Christianity is bound up with the future of the foreigners. That Is cer tainly true as concerns Its Immediate future. Until the tiuth that Christianity Is not a foreign redglon but Is a world religion shall permeate the Chinese thoughts, whatever befalls the foreigner will affect Christianity. This Is what makes It Important, aside from ordinary considerations of justice, that the present negotiations shall be conducted In such way as to give a practical Illustration of Christian diplomacy. Retaliation, re venge, looting and any outrage perpe trated will have its effect. For foreigners of all sorts stand together In the Chi nese mind, even as they stood together In the siege of the British Legation In Pekln. But to take a longer look. "What Is It reasonable to expect? The writer is fa miliar with every attack upon Europeans since 1873, and knows of those before that time, as recorded In the standard writings on, China. Up to the present time the result has always been the same; where church property has been destroyed, rea sonable damages have been awarded by the Chinese Government. Where lives have been taken, some reparation has been made, and, the difficulty settled, the work of the church has proceeded suc cessfully until the next outbreak came; then there was another adjustment and fresh progress. Another element which enters Into the present problem as affecting Christianity Is that Shan Tung Province and Chiull, In which this last outbreak has been most violent, has been the scene of marked kindness from the Christian world. Dur ing the famine of 1877-78, which devastated the northern provinces and vIn which 2, 000,000 of Chinese died, the famine relief fund was In the hands of missionaries. Money flowed Into that fund from all parts of Christendom. Under official knowledge the money was distributed among the distressed Chinese, and sev eral of the foreigners engaged In the re lief work fell victims to the fever which followed the famine. There are Chinese officials who remember well this help. After this storm has passed away th'e mis sionaries will quietly return to their places. They will resume their labors, and nothjng will be left except the memory of those awful days. Judging from the past, leaving out the uncertain element of diplomacy, Christianity will suffer nothing from the awful times upon which it has fallen. The Chinese can understand heroism, and the past year has shown the heroism of native Christians. Their pa tience and endurance and the fact that they make no reprisals, will go far to re-establish frlendlly relations. Thus far no mention has been mado of the most Important factor. The Chris tian believes In the ever-ruling hand of God. He sits upon the throne of the uni verse. His purposes are certain of ac complishment. Therefore, the future of Christianity In China Is assured. As surely as Christianity Is of divine origin, as surely as Its Founder Is the light of the world, so surely will Christianity make Its way. WILLIAM SYLVESTER HOLT. Portland, Jan. SO. Vicissitudes of a Sacred 'Cause. New Tork Commercial Advertiser. The "cause of woman" Is moving ahead In Kansas not only with leaps and bounds but with shrieks and blows. Mrs. Nation, the pride of her sex, who lifted the mun icipal government of Wichita to a higher level, on Monday, by smashing the con tents of two saloons and slapping the face of the sheriff, seems also to have lifted a larger portion of her own sex to the same level that she herself Is occupy ing. Several of them fell upon her yes terdan and, under the lead of a woman "heavily veiled," horsewhipped her. A "general fight among the women ensued," which was only ended by the interference of men. What Impudence! The whole lot of them deserved to have their eyes scratched out. Is the progress of woman toward perfect emancipation to be thwarted at every step by the jealous meddling of man? Mrs. Nation is doing noble work. She is teaching her sex to take hold of the problems of the day in the same way that men do. How, we ask in all earnestness, are the women to perfect themselves in grappling with these problems as they rise and with themselves If necessary If the moment a crisis Is reached the men Interfere and presume to settle matters In their way? Shall we ever get an accurate foretaste of what political life will be, after the suf frage shall have been extended to wo men. If we do not let such pioneers as Mrs. Nation have free course and be glorified? She had the whole sex at work yesterday, and the demonstration was literally a "halrllfter." It is said that the people of a neighboring town who have heard of her Intention to visit them are "terror-Btrlcken," and well they may be, the reprobates and sloths who are trying to hold back the march of progress! She will show 'em what will happen when gentle woman gets her full equality with man. AUSTRALIA'S PORTENTOUS FUTURE New York Journal of Commerce. It occurred to a paper of France, the country of all those of the Western world which seems most probably to have reached its economic climax, to afford the world a particularly picturesque illustra tion of the expansion of Great Britain, the nation whose economic growth has been greatest, and, in spite of some re verses, and the notable growth of Ger many, still probable greater than that of any other European country. That Il lustration was a map of Australia with a map of Europe superimposed. Outside of the limits of all Europe west of Rus sla a wide extent of ocean Intervened be fore the shores of Australia were reached. That Island continent, larger than all ) Central and Western Europe. Is thorough ly British, more so than any other part of the empire outside of Great Britain. Its colonies have united under a central government for the pursuit of a common DUn03e to a common destiny. Its co-op eration with the mother country In the atlons for national Independence, but as to the economic significance of this new state It Is Immaterial whether it exer cises sovereignty or retains its place in the British Empire. Its population has not grown rapidly because Great Britain has never supplied a very large stream of emigration; for political reasons the United States has been moro attractive to Irish and German emigrants than a British colony could expect to be; and, which Is tho most important of all, Australia is far more remote from tho sources of emi gration than this country- But as the public domain of the United States Is rapidly reduced tho Inducement to immigration declines, and with the Im provement In ocean transportation the distance of Australia becomes a less seri ous factor, and It will not be singular If tne population of Australia Increases more rapidly In the future than It has been doing. Whether technically independent or not, the middle of this century will see a large Anglo-Saxon nation In the South Pacific Intimately connected by trade with Anglo Saxon America, which Is all of North America above the Rio Grande, and the trade centers of the Orient, Manila, Hong Kong, Singapore, Calcutta, all under Anglo-Saxon control. The Anglo-Saxon race Is even more mixed than its name would suggest, and the people of the United States are so much more mixed that It Is sometimes denied that they should be called Anglo-Saxon. But there Is common to both people, and transplant ed to their dependencies, and acquired by the stranger within their gates, the vital principle of Individualism, little known In France and Southern Europe, and re pressed In Germany by bureaucracy and a strongly centralized government. This vital principle has left the strongest, the clearest-headed and most daring free to do the best they can for themselves, sub ject to very general regulations for the protection of the multitude. The swiftest have set the pace Instead of being held back to the average gait by the leaven of socialism or the fetters of tradition. Set ting the pace, these foremost spirits have done the best for themselves and for their communities. Nowhere else has so much been accomplished for the advancement of the rank and lile as In those communities permeated with the Anglo-Saxon Idea of Individualism, where there Is the least thought of the community and the great ly est opportunity for individual action. This " muue me umieu iaiai.es wnat it is, this has made the Greater Britain what It Is, and the lack of It accounts for what seems like a case of arrested develop ment In France, long the leader of civil ization, but not such today. Primary Reform in Wisconsin. Chicago Tribune. In his first message Governor La Fol lette, of Wisconsin, made many sugges tions for reforms. His plan for Improving the methods at primary elections is es pecially worthy of notice. Under the present system the political machine seems to be unavoidable. Mr. La Fol lette proposes that the system be changed by allowing the voters to nominate their candidates directly, without a caucus or convention. Under such a plan the votes might be so scattering that no nomination would result. To aVoId this danger the Governor suggests that each voter shall name a first and second choice .for each office. If no candidate has a majority of first choice ballots, then the one having the largest number of first and second choice votes shall be declared nominated. It Is believed that the cases would be extremely rare In which this method would fall to result In a nomination. Governor La Follette points out the fact that under the caucus and convention sys tem, where there Is a large number of candidates, the result seldom represents the wishes of the voters. The nomi nation Is reached by shifting, compromis ing, and trading among the delegates, and It frequently happens that the candidate finally chosen Is one whom the voters had scarcely considered at all. Mr. La Follette believes his proposed system of direct nomination would more nearly rep resent the wishes of the people and would do away with the worst evils of machine rule. 4 The City of Minneapolis already has such .a system on trial,, and It Is understood thus far to be working satisfactorily. A similar measure has been introduced in the Illinois Legislature, but the public Interest in it is so light that nothing Is likely to come of It. The professional politicians, of course, are not in favor of such a change. It would be an experi ment at best, and since the proposal seems to have more Influence behind It in Wisconsin than anywhere else it will be wise to wait and see what the state does with It. If Wisconsin decides to do a public service by trying a system of direct nomination, and It works satis factorily, Chicagoans will Insist earnestly and successfully that it be adopted here. Very Many Sucli Parents. Eugene Guard. What must be thought of parental au thority that Is not sufficient to control a 10-year-old boy? Yet yesterday's Guard made mention of a case where the boy Is likely to be sent to the Reform School. A reform school Is needed for not a few parents. PLEASANTRIES OF PARAGRAPnERS A Poor Judge. Mr. New wed Um! Seems to me, my angel, this hash has a queer taste. Young Wife Hash? That3 fruit-cake. New Tork Weekly. Mrs. Klngsley Wasn't your husband out very late last night? Mrs. Von Blumer (sweetly) Tea; but I felt suro he would be. He told me he was going to meet your husband. Tlt-Blts. Social Rivalry. "Has your wife much social ambition?" 'Social ambition! When she read about Lady Curron's elephant party in India she said if sha knew where she could rent soma whales, she'd give a whale party." De troit Free Presi. The Result of His Pica. "And do you think," asked his friend, "that your remonstrances will have any effect?" "Well." said the Chi nese statesman, "the European Generals have promised that, in future, their troops will be more moderate In their atrocities." Puck. Egotism. "Ifjaf there a great deal of ego tism among acfors?" asked the .young woman. "I am sorry to say thero Is," answered Mr. Stormlngton Barnes. "Why, I have met no less than three actors who thought they could play Hamlet as well as I do!" Washington Star. One of Those Tongue-Slips. Toung Minister (as hostess presents him with a gold-pen favor won at whist) Thank you; I hope I shall now be able to write better sermons. Hostess I hope so. Judge. "You haven't explatned how you came to have Mr. Smith's chickens In your possession," said the Judge. "I'm trying to think, yer honor," replied the accused; "give me time." "Very well." replied the Judge, blandly, "six months." Tit-Bits. His Ways. "Why do you seem to dislike Mr. Simpson, Mrs. Hopkins?" "Oh, he's the man who never comes to your house without pulling up the broken window shade, sitting In the disabled chair, or getting the cracked tea-cup." Detroit Free Press. - NOTE AND COMMENT. , Cadet Boos Is the only victim of mill- " tarism on record.up to date. Poor Mr. Nation will haveto wait for fame until Carrie sues him for divorce. It Is expected that the actors who pre sent "Unleavened Bread" will have loaf ing parts. The abolition of the canteen was a great thing The soldiers saw very few snakes in Oklahoma. King Edward VII, with all his royal splendor, cannot appoint a single fourth class Postmaster! Since so many Filipinos are taking the oath of allegiance to the United States, is It not about Atkinson's turn? If the weather man desires to get Into the United States Senate, now Is the time when his chances are the brightest. Nothing but the death of Rlehard Cro ker will cause Mayor Van Wyck to" half mast the flag on the New York City Hall. He said. "A light snow fell last night." A meat absurd remark. , For who Has ever witnessed, pray, A snowfall that waa dark? The assurance that the Joint vote wa9 no longer out of joint has been relegated to the little vanities of great expecta tions. When tho British and Boers get done, with each other, they should have tho code of bellicose ethics down to a fine point Admiral Cervera is to represent Spain at Queen Victoria's funeral. For obvious reasons, he will not take part In the naval pageant. If every Legislator's appropriation were as worthy as he Imagines, the state would bo bankrupt without redemption for the entire century It Is not surprising that Omaha crimi nals disappear so easily. Most of the peo ple enumerated In the census of 1800 havo done the same thing. Next time the English lose a battle they should call the attention of Dowet to a special regulation of civilized warfare covering such contingencies. After all. Senatorial contests have their uses. Think of the freak legislation that might be enacted if the members were not so busy with other things. It was hoped Towne would be Im mune from the temptations of the Senate, but he has fallen Into the excesses of that body and has made a speech. The Oregon Senate squelched a pro posal for a new state constitution. A Legislature Is hard enough to bear with out a constitutional convention. The Washington Star accuses Cincin nati of having lost Its reputation as a center for hams, but prize-fighters are given to acting a good deal these days. ANNOUNCEMENT EXTRAORDINARY. Special Tour of the Southwest of Carrie THE NATIONS Choctaw In Brilliant Specialties. Which Cannot Fall to Attract Public Attention. This team has been widely advertised, and' no one should fall to see it. Owing to the big business' hi prospect In the Southwest, the' tour will not be- extended, but special rates may be secured on the railroads by any one who la entitled to them. For the present Carrie la playing a limited engagement in Kansas, and Choctaw is giving a special performance In Oklahoma for the entertainment of the United States soldiers, but we have conceived the bril liant Idea of combining them for a tour. Dates will bo announced later. Amos Mcintosh Is an excellent name, one that might adorn the title page of a volume of "Tales o' the Hielands" or grace the label of the bottle from which the accommodating bartender pours the chief attraction of the high-ball, but how. In the name of all that Is Scotch, did It ever come Into the possession of the full blooded Muskogee Indian who Is one of the signers of a proclamation to his peo ple Issued from Washington yesterday? If Amos Mcintosh, Muskogee brave, will come come forward and explain why he Is not called Man-WIth-the-Knlfe, Fierce-as-the-Wlldcat or some other appellation which Is fitting his race, he will confer a lasting favor on a suffering public Even Hiawatha, Powhatan or Opecanca nough would be consistent with the gen eral fitness of things, but when a mem ber of the Muskogee Nation bears tho name of Amos Mcintosh, the only legiti mate inference is that the all-pervading golf bacilli is slowly but surely getting In its deadly work on the degenerate sur vivors of a once noble race. To the Queen. Tennyson's dedication of a volume, of 1 poems, March, 1851. Revered, beloved Oh, you that hold A nobler office upon earth Than arms, or power of brain, or birth. Could give the warrior kings of old, Victoria since your Royal grace To one of less desert allows This laurel greener from the broios Of him that utter'd nothing base; And Bhould your greatness and the oaro That yokes with empire yield you time To make demand of modern rhyme, If aught of ancient worth be there; Then while a sweeter music wakes. And thro' wild Marsh the throstle calls. Where all about your palace walls The sunlit almond blossom shakes Take, Madam, this poor book of song; For tho' the faults were thick as dust In vacant chambers, I could trust Your kindness. May you rule U3 long. And leave us rulers of your blood As noble till the latest day! May children of our children say, "She wrought her people lasting good; "Her Court was pure; her life serene; Ood gave her peace; her land reposed; A thousand claims to reverenee closed In her as Mother, Wife and Queen; "And statesmen at her counetl met Who knew the seasons when to take Occasion by the hand, and make The bounds of freedom wider yet "By shaping some august decree, Whleh kept her throne unshaken still. Bread based upon her people's will. And compass'd by the Inviolate sea." A Woman's Love. Chicago Times-Herald. A man prefers the one who makes him laugh; The cares that he must carry through tha day Are forgotten or diminished more than half If there's Just a chance to laugh along tha way! But woman ah, God bless her! How her heart does ever leap With love true love and tender For the man who makes her weep! I like the maid who gives me cause to smile, I lave the ohlld that gives me little care; Men praise the ones who keep them laughing while They bend beneath tha burdens they must bear. But woman ah, God bless herl Her love Is true and deep ' For tha child that brings her sorrow And the man who makes 'her weep.