Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937, January 16, 1901, Image 1

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VOL. XL. 2J0. -12,510.
POETLAND, OREGON, WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 16. 1901.
PRICE FIVE CENTS.
Ha -KyNio M w IB
T
Bar Fixtures .rcst DesiflnS..
Billiard Tables ..pooi-rawes..
Billiard Supplies ..and Repairs,.
rothchild bros., Bowling Alley
20-26 N. First St, Portland; ' ..Supplies and Repairs..
Br WRITE FOR CATALOGUE AND PRICE LIST
Cameras at Reduced Prices
PREMOS, POCOS. RAYS. ETC.
We want to close out all on hand now before our
new stock arrives.
PHOTOGRAPHIC GOODS AT REDUCED PRICES
BLUMAUER-FRANK DRUG CO.
144146 FOURTH STREET, PORTLAND, OR.
T8XL, KETSCKArT. Free.
SETCNTH AND WASHINGTON
change of management
European Plan: .... $1.00, $1.50, $2.00 per Day
Cameras
At 25 From List
Kodaks
At 20 From List I
We have a few Stereoscopes left at 49c regular price, 1.25
Free, practical Instructions given with a! I Cameras sold.
WOODARD, CLARKE & CO.
Photographic Merchants Fourth and Washington
TeL
We Have Just Received a Complete Line of
NOVELTIES in COOKING UTENSIL
INCLUDING THE FOLLOWING:
: - WIRE SINK BASKET OR STRAINER
THE FAMOUS
Also the ASBESTOS LINED CAKE GRIDDLE
The latest scientific invention, so constructed as to make it impossible to
burn your cakes, and
ASBESTOS BAKING SHEETS.
These Sheets can be used with any cooking utensil, thereby preventing
the food from burning while being cooked.
9
FOURTH AND
THE
PORTLAND.
w
AMERICAN PLAN
a
COST ONE MILLION DOLLARS
, HEADQUARTERS FOR TOURISTS AND COMMERCIAL TRAVELERS
Special rates made to fnmllles and single gentlemen. The manage
ment will be pleased at all llmcn to show rooms and give prices. A mod
era Turkish, bath establishment la t lie hotel. B. C. DOWERS. Manager.
Library Association of
24,000 volumes and over 200 periodicals
$5.00 a year of $1.50 a quarter
Two books allowed on aii subscriptions
Hours Prom 9 A. M. to 9 r. M. daily, except Sundays and holidays.
The Pleasures of Hand Playing
The Pianola admits of the effects and pleasures of
hand playing, for the player regulates the expression,
which is the soul of music.
M Bt WELLS, Northwest Agent for the Aeolian Company
Aeolian Hall. 353-355 Washington Street, cor. Park, Portland, Or.
W are Sole Agents for the Pianola; also for the Stelnway. the Chase and the Emerson
Pianos.
EXCLUSIVE CARPET
HOUSE
J. G. Mack & Co.
88 Third St,
Opptslte Chamber of Commerce
C. W. KNOWLES. UB.
STRUTS. P08TUND, 0REG31
A FEW SPECIALS
Albums, regular 25c, qpw 17c
Albums, regular 50c, now 34c.
Albums, regular 75c, now 51c
Albums, regular $1.00, tow 68c
BATHKOOMSi
- TILED BiTHROOMS ARE CLEAN
We carrr a full stock of tile for bath
rooms, kitchen sinks, tile floors, vesti
bules, etc A full line of mantels, crates,
andirons, spark guards fire sets. Use our
Ideal Metal Polish for keeping things
bright.
Estimates given on electric wiring, In
terior telephones and call bells.
The John Barrett Co. -
Main 122.
91 FIRST STREET
WIRE DISH DRAINERS
WIRE FRYING BASKETS
WIRE VEGETABLE BOILERS
ALDER STREETS.
OHeCON
W
$3.00 PER DAY
and upward.
(US'
Portland
STARK STREET
Bet. 7th ana Park
PORTLAND
A VOTE VERY SOON
Senate Getting to the End of
the Army
BACON AMENDMENT DEFEATED
It Struck Out the Provision Giving
President Authority to Increaae
Size of the Army Hirer and
Harbor Bill in the Home,
WASHINGTON, Jan. 15. Some progress
was made by the Senate today In the
consideration of the Army reorganization
bill. One amendment that has created
much debate was disposed of, and a tacit
agreement has been reached for a "vote
very soon." Bacon's amendment, strik
ing out of the bill the discretionary au-
tnoruy conierrea upon tne resiaem 10
Increase the size of the Army, was laid
on the table by the decisive Vote of 39
to 20.
At the opening of the session a bill
granting a pension of 550 a month to
Horatio N. Davis, father of the late Sen
ator Davis, of Minnesota, was passed.
Mr. Davis was a Captain In the Commis
sary Department.
At the conclusion of the routine busi
ness, Morgan, chairman of the commit
tee on lnter-oceanlc canals, asked unani
mous consent that a final vote upon the
Nicaragua Canal bill and Its amendments
be taken at 5 P. M., February 11. Daniel
objected.
A resolution presented a few days ago
by Teller providing for the printing as
a public document of the petition of 2006
Filipinos offered to the Senate was laid
before the Senate.
Stewart declared his opposition to the
resolution on the ground that It was "an
untruthful recital of the conditions In the
Philippines." He discussed at length the
situation in the Islands, declaring that
the treachery of Agulnaldo had been es
tablished by authentic documents, and
that any petition or appeal sent by such
people was unworthy of consideration, be
cause they did not come with clean
hands. The petition, he said, contained
every possible threat against the United
States. In view of it, Congress ought
speedily to pass the Army bill.
Berry said he was of the opinion that
the Senate could not afford or refuse to
make public the appeal by printing it.
While he was on the floor, Berry dis
cussed an amendment to the Army bill
which he offered yesterday.
The Teller resolution was referred to
the committee on the Philippines. Teller
said he would expect a report from the
.committee, and If one were not made, he
"would Know how" to get It.
Consideration of the Army recrganlza
tlon bll ,waw resumed informally. Bacon
withdrew the amendment he ouered yes
terday, and proposed the amendment he
offered originally, striking out of the bill
the words "Conferring upon the President
power to Increase from the minimum to
the maximum limit the strength of the
lnf antry, artillery and cavalry arms of
the service." Bacon said -he did not think
the American people had passed upon the
question 'of' inWaslng the Army. They
voted fcon the question wnether
erf Ahcnlffigg. from a
an," lmpenwissic 'Cjovern-
i that$tHgepublicans
'took advantage of the
thtbJKtoUlical oppo
iy usw" those mis-
tal
Djage. "They won the
eon, "upon the finan-
fighl
cial
he full dinner pail."
Wl
iterated his statement
that la
people had not passed
ijn of "imperialism,"
of the Republican Na
Interrupted him to say
upon
Hanna
tlonal
that "every
Issue made by the Kansas
City convention was met and disposed
of."
Bacon replied that the newspapers had
quoted Mr. Hanna "when the distin
guished leader of the Republican party
made his brilliant tour through the
Northwest" as saying that there was no
question of imperialism involved In the
campaign.
"The question was not one of Imperial
ism," suggested Hanna, "but whether the
policy of the Administration should be
supported. I said there was no such thing
as Imperialism In our Government, and
could not be. Without any offense to
the pnrty on the other side, I regard Im
perialism as a fake Issue."
Bacon maintained that Hanna's state
ment bore out his assertion that the
Amerlacn people had not passed upon tho
question of imperialism.
Bacon's amendment was laid upon the
table, 39 to 20, as follows:
AYES.
"" .
Vo nnf
l9 'WizLwk
iree weK-H
nAftBBBBBBBBMjtl
&fPB3vaj
krconj&c
oramlltee.
Allison Hawley Piatt (Conn.)
Bard Kean Piatt (N. Y.)
Burrows Kyle Prltchard
Carter Llndsey Proctor
Clark Lodge Quarles
Dolllver McComas Scott
Fairbanks, McCumber Sewell
Foraker McEnery Shoup
Foster McLaurln Spooner
Frye McMillan Stewart
Galllnger Morgan Thurston.
(Hanna Nelson Warren
Hansbrough Perkins Wolcott
NOES.
Allen Culberson Rawlins
Bate Daniel Taliaferro
Berry Harris Teller
Butler Heltfelt , Towne
Caffery Jones (Ark.) Turley
Clay Pettlgrew Turner
Cockrell Pettus
Teller then offered his amendment to
the section of the bill authorizing the
President to retire an Army officer under
suspension by sentence of a court-martial.
Ho alluded to a statement made a few
days ago by Hawley about the possibility
of war on account of the Jealousy of the
European powers.
"Is not the Senator perfectly aware," In
quired Hawley with evident warmth,
"that I repudiated that statement?"
"I do not care whether you did or not,
retorted Teller.
"I know you do not," observed Hawley.
"I have get It here, and I will read
it." said the Colorado Senator. "The
Senator spoke of something In the air,
and he referred to the purchase of the
Danish islands. The newspapers of the
country look it up and used It. There Is
no danger of a foreign war on account of
the Danish islands, with the South Sea
Islands thrown in. We do not need the
great army of 100,000 men to resist any
threatened or supposed war from any
people in the world. I know wo are not
loved In Europe," continued Teller. "Our
competition In trade Is creating great
feeling over there, but I fall to see any
nation In the world that Is going tq, war
with us on account of trade."
He referred to a statement made once in
Illinois by Abraham Lincoln: "If we are
united all the powers of the world cannot
take a drink of water from the Ohio
..AV.,... . -LW4U
River. All the powers of the world cannot
make a track in the Blue Ridge." Teller
said that a people of 76,000,000 in numbers,
situated as we are, who could put an army
of 1,000.000 men In the field in an emerg
ency, was in no danger ot attack from the
outside.
"It seems to me," said Teller, "only
necessary to say to the American people,
to have them see the folly o this bill,
that no man stands here and gives a good
reason for an army of 100,000. It may be
that the proposed Increase of the Army
has some connection with the change that
seems to be taking place in the country.
It may bo that the cry of Imperialism has
some grounds that it Is feared imperial
Ism will not suit the people and, there
fore, that the great Army Is not intended
to put down anarchistic revolutionists and
insurrectionists in the Philippines, but
those at home."
"Warren, a member of the committee on
military affairs, challenged the accuracy
of the statement that the bill provided for.
a standing Army; of 100,000 men- It pro
vides, he maintained, for a standing Army
of 54,000 men, all of whom are absolutely
needed, according to information laid be
fore Congress.
Allison suggested that uwtil the Army
blllwas disposed of the Senate hereafter
meet at 11 o'clock each day. This was
objected to by Jones of Arkansas because
the committee was now consf&erlng the
Indian appropriation bill and an early ses
sion would Interfere with this work. Pet-
tigrew suggested that the request be
withdrawn, ,as he thought a "vote will be
reached very soon."
The Senate then went Into executive
session and at 5:50 P. M. adjourned.
IN THE HOUSE.
Another Dar Spent on the River and
Harbor Bill.
WASHINGTON, Jan. 15. The House
spent another day on tho river and har
bor bill without completing It. Twenty
six pages were disposed of today. l"he
friends of the bill successfully resisted
all attempts to load down tho bill with
new projects, and only one or. two un
important amendments were adopted. The
Western members labored unsuccessfully
to secure an entering wedge for their
pet scheme for the reclamation of the arid
lands, but received very limited support.
The Senate resolution to appropriate
J7000 to enable the secretary of the Senate
to pay the expenses of the Inauguration
of the President and Vice-President March
4 was called up and precipitated a llvely
dlscusslon, because It did not recognize
the House as a participating factor In tho
inauguration ceremonies. The resolution
was recommitted with Instructions to re
port back a resolution providing for In
augural ceremonies under the auspices of
a joint committed of the Senate- and
House.
The House then resumed consideration
of the river and harbor appropriation bill.
King (Dem. Utah) criticised his Demo
cratic colleagues for supporting immense
river and harbor bills because they hap
pened to contain what he termed "pork"
in which they were interested. He charged
that Democrats, not the Democratic party,
were drifting from their old moorings in
championing appropriations for strictly
focal purposes.
Mondell (Rep. Wyo.) offered an amend
ment to appropriate $50,000 for construc
tion of reservoirs in Wyoming for the
Duroose of heHlnir back the flood waters
of the Missel Blver.i The. JunendmanL
also carried an authorization -for Jlw.ooo
to complete the reservoirs. This amend
ment was to bo the entering wedge of the
advocated Irrigation of the arid lands In
the West. Burton promptly raised the
point that the amendment was not ger
mane. A long debate followed over the
pplnt of order, th"e representatives from
the arid region Insisting that the river
and harbor committee had jurisdiction
ever the whole subject. Hopkins (Rep.
111.), who was In the chair, ruled that
the amendment was In order: The amend
ment was lost, 37-85. Other amendments of
a similar character met like fates.
An amendment offered by Bartholdt
(Rep. Mo.) to Instruct the Mississippi
River Commission to make an inquiry In
to the feasibility of tho establishment of
a system of reservoirs in the St. Francis
Basin, with a view of cutting down the
flood water at the junction of the Ohio
and Mississippi Rivers, was adopted.
Mondell then offered an amendment to
appropriate $50,000 for preliminary exami
nation of reservoir sites in each of the
arid and semi-arid states. The amend
ment was lost without division. Without
completing tho bill, the House, at 5:05
P. M., adjourntid.'
SUMMARY OF IMPORTANT NEWS.
Congress.
Tho Senate made more progress with the Army
bill. Page 1.
The Bacon amendment was voted down.
Page 1.
The House did but little with tho river and
harbor bill. Pa ire 2.
Foreign.
The British met with severe losses at Mur-
raysburg. Page 2.
Belnforcements will be sent to Kitchener.
Page 2.
Domestic.
Fred Alexander, the negro murderer; was
burned -at the stake at Leavenworth Kan.
Page 1.
The Solicitor-General stated the Government's
contention In the Hawaiian Insular case.
Page 1.
Senators elected yesterday were: M. S. Quay,
Pennsylvania: George F. Hoar, Massachu
setts; H. B. Burnham, New Hampshire;
James McMillan. Michigan; T. M. Patter
son. Colorado; "W. P. Frye, Maine. Page 2.
The livestock convention opened at Salt Lake.
Page 3.
Worthn-est legislatures.
Oregon Republican Legislators are quite gener
ally signing a call for a Senatorial caucus
next Monday. Pace 4.
Opponents of. President Fulton, of the Oregon
Senate, do not think that they were fairly
treated in the composition of the commit
tees. Page 4.
Full text of Governor Geers message, -which
was read In Joint session of the Legislature
yesterday. Page 8.
The Washington Legislature was occupied with
routine matters meat of yesterday. Feat
ures of the session vere the Introduction of
& reapportionment and a railway commis
sion bill. Page 3.
Fred T. Dubois" was yesterday elected United
States Senator from Idaho Page 4.
Pnclflo Const.
A eawmlll for Astoria, with a dally capacity
of 200.000 feet, has been financed in New
York. Page 6
The O. K. & N. Co.'e wharf at Salem was
carried away by high water yesterday; loss,
about $1000. Page 10.
Reports from several points would Indicate
that the freshet in the "Willamette is subsid
ing. Page 10
Commercial and Marine.
Mllos brings record-breakln& cargo of matting.
Page 10. ,
German bark Flottbeb wrecked near Cage Flat
tery. Page 10.
Another big steamer chartered for wheat.
Page 10.
Perry reaches Seattle without sighting the An
drada. Page lo.
"Wheat and stock markets are becoming slug
n gish. Page 11.
Portland and Vicinity.
Suit of Insurance company against Tom Con
nell on trial Page 7.
Multnomah County expects to get $277,000out
of the mortgage tax. Pago 12.
Great Northern Express will retire from Port-
J ja this week. Page 7.
TORTURE IN KANSAS
Negro Murderer Burned
at the Stake,
FATE OF FRED ALEXANDER
Suspected Slayer of Pearl Forte
Wan Taken From Jail ''by.B.-Xieav-enxrorth
Slob, Chained to a
' Kail and Cremated,
LEAVENWORTH, Kan., Jan. 15. Fred
Alexander, the murderer of Pearl Forbes
and tho flend who attempted to criminal
ly assault Miss Eva Roth last Saturday
night, surrounded by a yelling mob, his
ELECTED SENATOR FROM IDAHO.
FRED T.
clothes torn, his face bloody with his
own blood, was dragged from his cell
In the courthouse, pleading for his life,
and, after being dragged around tho
courthouse yard for 15 minutes, was
loaded into a wagon with his captors and
taken to the place where Miss Forbes'
body was found, to be burned to death.
"Burn him; hang him; no, burn him,"
re-echoed through the air, and each mo
ment the uncontrolled passions of the
mob became wilder.
The negro was taken from his cell at
the State Penitentiary at 4 this afternoon
and loaded into a hack and brought to
town, 50 deputy marshals surr6undlng
him. Deputy Sheriffs Vance Myers and
Tom Brown sat in the hack on either side
of him. There were 50 buggies and wag
ons In the procession which followed the
hack, and It was an awful march in
deed for Fred Alexander. The trip to
town was made quickly, and there was
no attempt to create a disturbance.
When Fourth and Olive streets were
reached the police, who were in the
hack following the one in which Alexan
der was concealed, jumped out and
chased several negroes. This created a
diversion, which attracted the attention
of every one, and, In the excitement, the
hack In which Alexander was concealed
was frantically driven to the county Jail,
and just as the mob reached the doors,
he was locked In the first cell on the east
side of the courthouse.
In the meantime, the crowd had pushed
down the side gate of the stockade, and
in a moment there was a yelling pack in
the Jail yard. The side door, which was
made of heavy sheet Iron, was the next
object of attack. Several of the thought
ful ones of the mob had provided them
selves with sledge hammers and cold
chisels, and it was the work of only a
few moments before the hinges were cut
from this, and, with the help from in
side, it was off its hinges in a moment.
More men pushed inside, and the iron
bar was again called Into play, and the
doors of the cell room broken down. Then
the cry went up, "He Is not here; he has
escaped. Search the courthouse. There
Is a tunnel between, and he has been
taken out that way." Then a man with
sharp eyes spied a shapeless, cringing
mass crouched down in one corner of the
dark cell.
Inside tne cell rushed those who were
nearest the door. The mob Issued In a
moment, dragging the flend by the coat
collar. He had been struck over the head
with a hammer, but was still conscious.
Men fought to get at him. They struck
savagely at him, and hit only his cap
tors, who guarded him well.
"Confess before we harm you," said
they.
"I have nothing to confess," cried Al
exander. "I am innocent. I am dying
for what another man did. I see lots of
my friends here. They know I did not do
it. If i had been guilty, I would have
said so at the penitentiary, and would
have stayed there for life. The warden
told me. The police told me so. Would
not I have told them if I was guilty?"
"You lie," they cried, and one huge fel
low, filled more with the lust for blood
than with the feeling of a human, struck
him on the forehead with his fist three
times. This seemed not to have the
slightest effect on the negro. He was
turning white. When he talked his voice
was steady. He spoke with tho resigna
tion of a man who sees only before him
death, slow perhaps, but certain, and was
prepared to meet It in its most awful
form.
When he had finished talking, a move
was made for a large cottoriwood tree
in the northeast corner of the court
house yard. He was backed up against
it, and a chain was hunted'for. One could
not be found, and while they waited
Alexander was given another chance to
confess.
"My God. men," he cried in his agony,
"I have told you that I'm innocent. I
can't tell you any more. I did not do
tt."
"He lies; burn him." cried the mob.
"Take him where he committed the mur
der," suggested one. The suggestion met
with instant approval, and the crowd,
carrying the negro and his captors,
pushed up Fourth street. There were
many wagons standing about, and into
one of these they threw him. As soon
as all could get In the wagon, it was
started off for the vicinity of Lawrence
avenue and Spruce street, followed on the
run by the crowd.
' At a quarter past 5 o'clock Alexander
was brought to the scene of the murder
of Pearl Forbes, at tho corner ot Law
rence avenue and Spruce street. The ex
act spot where tho murdered girl was
found was located by the leaders of tho
crowd, and there a semi-circle was
formed. Alexander was brought up in
a wagon with a dozen men. The wagon
was stopped in front of the ravine and
surrounded by the crowd, tho leader of
tho men who had Alexander calling for
silence.
Tho roar ceased, and Alexander was
shoved forward for the crowd to gaze at.
A howl went up which was quickly
hushed as tho prisoner raised his bound
hands and began to speak. Twice he
started and the crowd drowned his voice.
"You're going to ,klll mo . whatever I
say," he said, "but you men are wrong.
I want to tell you right how you've got
DUBOIS.
tho wrong man. I did not do that, and
some day you men. here will run up
against the man who did. I know it ain't
no use to say, so, for you're going to kill
me, but I did' not do It."
Long before the wagon containing the
doomed man arrived at the place, a
crowd had gathered. The spot chosen
for the stake was the exact one on which
Pearl Forbes' .body was found on the
morning of November 7. It Is along Law
rence avenue by the Santa Fe tracks,
and a hundred yards north of Spruce
street. The first thing done was to plant
the railroad Iron upright in the mud.
This was made fast to cross irons firmly
bound to the upright iron with wires.
Around the stake boards and wood was
plied. To this the man was dragged and
chained in a standing position to the up
right railroad iron. Chains and Irons
were wrapped about him, with his hands
still shackled fast to the post. Coal oil
was then poured over him, and tho
match touched to him.
Before the match was applied John
Forbes, tho father of the murdered girl,
stepped up to Alexander and said: "Are
you guilty of murdering my daughter?"
"I don't know what you have me here
for," said the doomed man.
Forbes replied, "For killing my girl on
this very spot."
"Mr. Forbes, if that's your name, you
have the wrong man."
"Burn him! Burn him I" cried the
crowd,.
"Gentlemen, you have got lots of
tlme' said Alexander. "Tou axe burn
ing an innocent man. You took advan
tage of me. You gave me no show. Can
I see my mother?"
A man in the crowd called for the
mother of the negro, but she was not in
the crowd. He then said: "Will you let
me shake hands with all of my friends?"
"You have no friends in this crowd,
you beast," said one of the men in charge
of the negro. "If yau havo anything to
say, do so In a hurry."
Another man then stepped up, and said
to Alexander: "Make your peace with
your God, nigger, for you will surely die."
Coal oil was then applied for the sec
ond time, and, while It was being done,
Alexander called to friends of his in the
crowd, and bade them good-bye. He did
not seem to realize that he was to be
burned at the stake, and talked ratlon-
j ally until John Forbes, the father of -the
murdered girl, lighted the match. Again
Alexander was asked to make a confes
sion, but the negro replied that he had
nothing to say.
As the flames leaped about him, Alexan
der turned ghastly pale, and then for the
first time realized that his death was
near. He clasped his hands together, and
began to swing to and fro while the
crowd yelled. In less than five minutes
he was hanging limp and lifeless by the
chains that bound him.
As soon as the crowd saw that life was
extinct. It began to slowly disperse.
There were hundreds of the more morbid,
however, who stayed to the last. Men kept
piling on wood all th time until about 7
o'clock, when the flames were allowed
to die down. From. 6 to 8 o'clock there
was a steady stream of people going to
the scene of the burning. There were
persons who had been unable to get away
from their work in tho afternoon, but
were determined not to miss seeing the
awful spectacle.
When the fire had died down sufficient
ly to allow the crowd to 'approach what
remained of Alexander, there was a wild
scramble, to obtain relics. Bits of charred
flesh, pieces of chain, scraps of wood
everything that could possibly serve as a
souvenir was seized on with morbid avid
ity by the eager people.
Just before the party left the peniten
tiary for the -jail the warden requested
and received the following receipt for the
delivery of Alexander:
(Concluded on Second Page.)
THE HAWAIIAN CASE
Solicitor-General States the
Government's Contention.
THE INTENTIONS OF CONGRESS
Annexation oS the Islands Did Not
aiake Hawaii a Part ot the-Unlted
States, But a Part ot Its
Territory.
WASHTNX3TON, Jan. 13.-SolIcitor-Gen-eral
Richards today made a reply to Mr.
Smith's argument in the Hawaiian insular
case, now on hearing before the United
States Supremo Court. In this case, ho
said, it was obviously the Intention of
Congress, as soon as practicable, to treat
the territory as part of the United States
for legislative purposes, so that the rev
enue and commercial laws which apply
in the United States should apply there.
"But," he went on. "before these lawa
could be In operation in tho Hawaiian
Islands it was necessary that a period of
preparation should intervene after the
passage of the resolution of annexation.
On July 7, 1S96, when the annexation res
olution was passed, there were no cus
toms laws of the United States In opera
tion in Hawaii and no customs officers of
the United States there. Tho customs
laws of the Republic of Hawaii were In
force, and they were the only laws of
that character. It Is obvious, therefore,
that if the resolution of annexation Im
mediately abrogated the customs laws
of the islands, the territory would have
been left without any customs laws, open
to the ships of the world. The customs
laws of the United States could not have
effective operation, because there were no
agencies there to enforce them. If, then,
the resolution of annexation threw open
the ports of Hawaii to the world, at tho
same time, according to the contention of
opposing counsel. It threw open the ports
of the United States to ships coming from
Hawaii. The effect of this would have
been to give an open door through Ha
waiian ports Into ours. We could not
Inquire, when goods came Into the United
States from Hawaii, whether they had
been brought into Hawaii as an entry port
to the United States."
Mr. Richards argued that this sort of
thing could not be permitted, and he ex
pressed the opinion that xr Congress had
believed that such a consequence wou,d
ensue, the resolution of annexation would
not have been passed when It was, nor
until arrangements could have been made
t put in operation our customs and com
merce regulations immediately. So far
as customs matters are concerned, evi
dently the Islands were not to be called
part of the United States for customs
purposes until Congress should further
legislate in the matter by a law extend
ing the United States customs laws and
regulations to the islands. He called at
tention to the fact of annexation, saying
that it did not make the Hawaiian Islands
a part of the United States, but a part
of tho territory of the United States.
"It is," he said, "obvious that territory
annexed or ceded to the United States
becomes a part of the territory of the
states, but it does not become a part of
the United States In either a constitu
tional or legislative sense until Congress
shall so determine."
In conclusion Mr. Richards said:
in the annexation resolution it was ex
pressly provided that the customs regula
tions of the Republic of Hawaii should
continue until Congress should extend tho
customs laws of tho United States to tho
Islands. It was not until the passage of
the act of April SO, 1900, that the Islands
became a part of the United States for
customs purposes by the extension of our
laws to them."
Mr. Richards was interrogated by tho
Chief Justice and by Justices Harlan,
Peckham, White and McKenna. In reply
to Justice Harlan, he said that If it be
came desirable to do so, the United States
coufd part with Hawaii as it could with
tho Philippines, because neither is a part
of the Union. He did not contend, he
said, that Congress could disintegrate tho
Union, ha did not hold that Congress
could dispose of territory which simply
belongs to this country. In connection
with his contention concerning the neces
sary time between the acquisition of ter
ritory and the putting into effect of our
laws, Mr. Richards read extracts from
tho treaty negotiated in 1S93 for the an
nexation of the islands that, he said,
would make explicit provision for tem
porary extension of our laws, as had been
done under the resolution of annexation.
He laid stress upon tho fact that this
treaty had been negotiated during tho
administration of President Harrison.
Mr. Richards was followed by Wlckham
Smith, who closed tho case for the ap
pellants. This is the last of the insular
cases on the docket. About a dozen of
them have been heard, and the court
now has taken them under advisement.
DANGER TO THE REPUBLIC
Bx-GoTernor McCorkle Says Reform
Mnst Come From Higher Classes.
NEW YORK, Jan. 15. The Nineteenth
Century Club, of thi3 city, gave a dinner
at Sherry's tonight. The principal speech
of the evening was by ex-Governor Mao
Corkle, of West Virginia. After referring
to the difficulties of government in tho
cities of America, made up as they are of
all classes and all nationalities, he said:
"Your sole cause of complaint as to
popular government Is that you have a
large number of foreigners In your popu
lation. They are of the same blood, oC
the same color, largely of the same lan
guage, and filled with the came aspira
tions as yourselves and are rapidly assim
ilating with you in character and In life.
"There must be reform, and it must
come from the higher classes. It must
be a true reform of the people, and not in.
the mere machinery of suffrage. The pro
test against the tendencies of the day
must begin with you and me, and its ac
tion must be continuous, and not ephem
eral. The danger to the .Republic is not
today to be feared from the lower
classes."
Pichon Will Tfot Be Recalled.
PARIS, Jan. 15. The Minister of For
eign Affairs, M. Delcasse. denies that ho
intends to replace M. Pichon, the French
Minister at Pekln. He hopes that M.
Pichon will be enabled to pursue tho ne
gotiations to the end.
Devrey Is Better.
WASHINGTON, Jan. 15. The condition
of Admiral Dewey, who is ill with th
grip, is reported at bis homo to be better
today.
W