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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Nov. 24, 1900)
THE MORNING OKEGOSriAN, SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 24, 190&. he v&Q&maxt Entered at the Postofflce at Portland. Oregon, aa Eeco&d-class matter. TELEPHONES. Editorial cvraa....m I Business Offlce....6C7 REVISED SUBSCRIPTION RATES. Br Mall (postage preiatd). In Advance Daily, with Sunday, per month $0 S3 JOaJly. Suaday excepted, per Jar 7 BO P41y. with Sunday, per year 0 00 Sunday, per year 2 00 The Weekly, per year 1 B8 The WeUtly. 3 months DO To City Subscribers Ially. per fk, delivered, Sundays excepted.l3c Dolly, per week, delivered. Sundays lncluded.20c POSTAGE HATES. United States. Canada and Mexico: 10 to IB-page paper lc 18 to 82-page paper 2c Foreign rates double. News or dlscusulon Intended for publication la The Oregonlan tbouM he addressed invaria bly Xdltor The OrcgoBlan." not to the name of any Individual. Letters relating to advertis ing; subscriptions or ta any business matter should bo addressed simply "The Oregcnlan." The Oregonlan does not bay poems or stories from individuals, and oannet undertake to re turn any manuscripts snt to It -ulthout solici tation. No stamps should be Inclosed for this purpose. Puget Sound Bureau Captain A. Thompson. t23ce at 1111 Pacific avenue, Tacoma. Box 1)55, Taooma Postofficc Eastern Buslars Office The Tribune build ing. New York City: "The P.ookery." Chicago; the S. C Beckwlth special agency. New York. For sal in San Trancisco by J K. Cooper. 748 Market street, near the Palace Hotel; Gold erilth Bros.. 23C Sutter street: r. W. Pitt. 1008 Market street, KoMer & Orear. Ferry SCews etand. For sale in Lo. Angels by B F. Gardner. 259 So. Spring street, and Oliver & Haines. 106 Bo. Spring street. For sale in Omaha by H. C. Shears. 105 N. Sixteenth street, and Harkalow Bros., 1012 Famam street. For sale in Salt Lake by the Salt Lake News Co., 77 V. Second South street For sale in New Orleans by Ernest & Co.. 115 Royal street Oa file in Waxhlngton, D. C. with A. W. Sunn. COS 14th N. W. For sale In Denver. Cote . by Hamilton & Kendrlok. 908-S12 Seventh street. - . . TODAY'S WKATHER. Occasional rain, with light to fresh southerly winds. PORTLAND. SATURDAY, NOV. 24. Governor Roosevelt and General Miles are representative of large numbers of hard-headed men who have reluctantly come to the conclusion that the Federal Government must undertake the task of storing the water supply of the vast arid and semi-arid region of the United States, for use In irrigation. The en tirely sound and salutary principle that the Government must do nothing that private enterprise can do has long kept the conservative judgment of the coun try in antagonism to Federal appro priations for this purpose. But the exi gency presents an exception to the rule. The General Government must do it, because other agencies have failed. Private enterprise can't do it. The states can't do it. It is one of those colossal enterprises, like river and har bor improvement, that must be under taken by Congress. The arid lands be long to the Government, and should be held by the Government for sale as partial reimbursement for the outlay, except such tracts as are taken over by the state under the Carey law. It Is perilous for these Immense tracts to be passed over wholly to the control of vast corporations, whose Interests at any time might run seriously counter to those of thousands of settlers. When we get close to this irrigation problem we shall doubtless And that It is inextricably bound up with several other things that Congress alone can handle. One of these is the National parks and forest reserves. Another" Is the general problem of forest preser vation. Another very Intimately con nected one Is the responslbilty for the water supply. It is not safe to bestow the sources of our great river systems, heading in the Rocky Mountains, upon private individuals. The Government Is answerable to posterity for our for ests, for our water supplies, for its dis position of the spacious arid lands, and for a regime of economy of resources and justice to settlers. The destiny of 600,000,000 acres of land and the well being of 30,000,009 people who will some day Inhabit it cannot safely be turned over to corporations, even if the cor porations were ready now to do the work, as they are not The ideal pro gramme for this reclamation work will be Government improvement, the lands benefited to be resigned gradually to settlers as they acquire ownership, just as was done with the donation land claims of Oregon and as is still being done under the homestead law. It Is going to be impossible, probably, , for this to be done by the present Con gress. It takes time to form public opinion. The fact is, the Federal Government Is getting a disproportionate share of taxation, considering the work it does. "While states and municipalities every where arc groaning under tax burdens, the Federal Government, to sacrifice form to force, has money to burn. The Treasury teems 'with surplus revenue, and taxes arc to be abrogated which nobody feels. In our division of meth ods of taxation, we give the Federal Government two devices, customs reve nue and internal revenue, which are capable of almost infinite productive power with a minimum of burden on the people, and compel states, counties and cities to meet the enormous ex penses to which they are increasingly subject, with the odious and inadequate practice of direct taxation. While the Federal Government doesn't know what to do with the money that is pouring in from customs and Internal revenue, Oregon's counties are driven to a desperate and unseemly struggle to cut down their valuations, and the City of Portland is compelled to resort to heavy license on all forms of busi ness and all professional vocations, in order to keep the municipal government from bankruptcy. We need, then, more centralization. We need generous policies of Internal Improvement, river and harbor, work, public buildings, liberal payments for land and sea mail carriage, forest pres ervation. Army and Jlavy perfection, and storage reservoirs for the great Western plateaus. As the General Gov ernment can perform these tasks most easily, by it they should be done. The Columbia River should not only be deepened to forty feet at its mouth, but It should be deepened to thirty feet to Portland, and should be opened to navigation at Celllo, the same as it was opened to navigation at the cascades, Doubtless in other ways we shall have to work through the Federal Govern ment. Variant state laws regarding corporations that do business all over the country are rapidly driving us toward Federal control, not only of In terstate commerce, but of Interstate business in general. Congress must leg- islate uniformly for food adulterations, filled cheese, oleomargarine, trusts and railways. Fish and game should be under Federal protection. Legal pro cesses must be intniBted in Increasing degree to United States officers. There would be no surer discourager of train robbery and lynching mobs than to set after the guilty the stern and relentless officers of the United States Government. TIIB TRANSCONTINENTAL PEACE PIPE. Mr. Mellen's indignation at the effect of reported Great Northern ascendency in Northern Pacific management . is doubtless in great part just. It is en tirely conceivable that reports have been circulated with a view to depress ing Northern Pacific stocks so they could be more easily bought. This pro cedure is foreign to Mr. . Mellen's method, but it is often efficacious. But the thing Mr. Mellen cannot deny, or cannot prevent if he would deny. Is an approaching harmony of Interest be tween the ownership of his road and that of the Great Northern. This ex tension of joint interests is widening every day. James J. Hill is in the di rectorates of the Great Northern and Baltimore & Ohio. E. H. Harrlman is a director of the Union Pacific (Including the O. R. & N. and the Oregon Short Line), the Chicago & Alton, the Illinois Central, the Kansas- City Southern, the Baltimore & Ohio and the Southern Pacific, and he Is also a member of the Pacific Mail board. Charles H. Tweed, chairman of the board and second vice president of the Southern Pacific, was elected to the Baltimore & Ohio direc torate Tuesday. Jacob H. Schlff Is in the directorates of the Great Northern, the Union Pacific, the Southern Pacific, the Baltimore & Ohio and the Chicago & Alton. James Stlllman Is on the boards of the Union Pacific, the Northern Pacific and the Chicago & Alton. Two members of the Penn sylvania Railway Company, Captain John P. Green and S. M. Provost,. are now In the Baltimore & Ohio board. The interlacing of all these .great transportation interests speaks for greater harmony of action, for better understandings in business. Mr. Harrl man as director of the Union Pacific cannot keep information concerning that property from Mr. Harrlman as director of the Southern Pacific. As di rector of the Kansas City Souihern he cannot conceal knowledge from him self as director of the Illinois Central. Mr. Schlff Ij on the boards of three great transcontinental competitors, and he must have knowledge of what each is doing to beat the others. Thus there is more or less community of Interest among the great transportation corpo rations. This is not a new feature of railroad management, but it is rapidly gaining in significance, and it seems to point logically to such combination as may amount to a gigantic truBt. This will not be worked out in a day or a year, but it is clearly the tendency of the time. Undoubtedly much substance Is wasted in unwise and ruinous compe tition in the domain of transportation as well as in other lines. Whether a close combination of great railroad In terests will affect the country favor ably or otherwise will depend on many factors, some of which are yet to de velop In the problem. For a new coun try rich In native resources It might be bad. For a well-developed country t is conceivable that such an arrange ment would be beneficial in preventing waste, in conserving all the energies of the people. The spirit of the combina tion would alto mean much. Lack of power legally to pool earnings or to enter into agreements as to rates Is moving these Important interests to seek a better understanding through the governing boards, and this leads in evitably to closer relations among com petitors and greater harmony and profit in their business. THE RED MAN NOT DISAPPEARING. The annual report of Indian Commis sioner Jones controverts the commonly accepted theory that by constant con tact with the whites the extinction of the Indian Is only a matter of time. It says It can be stated with a great degree of confidenoe that the Indian population of the United States has been very little diminished from the days of Columbus, Coronado, Raleigh, Captain John Smith and other early ex plorers. The first reliable Indian cen sus was In 1870, and certainly since then, the report says, the Indian popu lation has been nearly stationary, what ever decrease there has been being at tributable to Indians becoming citizens. This is news to most people, and the conscience of sundry sensitive persons would be easier If proof of the state ment could be had. It has been much the fashion for historians and essayists to deplore the inevitable extinction of the red race, and to charge It against the Christian's thirst for gold, the cupidity, cruelty and devlllshness of the white man's human nature. The apostrophes to the proud and vanish ing race will not be so affecting if the race Is not vanishing. Twenty-five years ago there was a joint committee of Congress to Inquire into the Indian question, and the minor ity of that committee presented a' re port in which this statement occurred: We have In 250 years wasted their the In dians') numbers from 2,500,000 down to 250,000, or a waste In numbers equal to all the children born to them in the past 250 years. Just how it was ascertained that the Indian population of the present United States was 2,500,000 at the time the Pil grims were landing, on Plymouth Rock or Captain Smith was entertaining old Powhatan Is not set 'forth. Statistical works of that day did not give trust worthy figures as to the aboriginal cen sus. It Is possible that the estimate was iriade ir that troublous Summer when teamsters found more redskins than were good for them In the Con necticut Valley. Reasonably certain It Is that not since reliable statistics have been available have there been 2,500,000 Indians In the United States. Mexico Is now estimated to have 6,000,000 In dians, and Central America 1,500,000, but these figures are mere guesses, just as China is said to have between 300, 000,000 and 400,000,000 population, Such estimates are usually found to be ex cessive. From the best evidence at hand, the early estimates of the Indian population of the United States were entirely beyond the facts. According to United States census tables, which, however, imperfect, are certainly more definite than sweeping guesses, the Indian population of the country, exclusive of Alaska, was as follows for the years mentioned: 1868 239.WXWSS0 255.93S 1S7 2I8.O00tSO0 249.273 The Indian "Commissioner estimates the. present Indian population at 267,900. Estimates of the number of natives In Alaska run from 20,-000 to 75,000. The number of Indians who cling to the primitive savagery of colonial times is undoubtedly growing less, and the race as a race of savages has already well-nigh" run its course The transi tion from the painted Cherokee brave of the early day to the intelligent farmer or lawyer of the present time has been sudden, as anthropological changes go, and has not been accom plished without a considerable wrench to the red man, but If we gain a f ellow cltlzen and a brother for every savage we lose, the net result must be re garded as salutary. It is one of the ways in which the world Is growing better. KOSSUTH AND KRTJGER. The Oregonlan correctly foreshad owed the kind of reception that awaited Kruger in France as about as destitute of governmental significance as was that given Kossuth by the United States in 1851. The populace of France and the municipalities welcome Kruger in 'France just as Kossuth obtained welcome in America. Our people and our Congress treated him with, distin guished courtesy as a distinguished for eigner who had borne a great 'part in recent public events, but our Govern ment gave him no hope of Intervention, for which he pleaded so eloquently In his speeches, and spoke no word of offi cial denunciation of Austria. When Kossuth fled in 1849 to Turkey he was imprisoned by that government, which, hpwever, declined to extradite him on the demand of Russia and Austria. England and the United States jointly used their influence with Turkey to secure his release, and our Government by a Senate resolution offered to trans port Kossuth to the United States. In a National ship, but this resolution was carefully guarded in its language, describing Kossuth as one to be treated merely as the guest of the Nation. Our United States Min ister at Turin, Mr. Kinney, at once made himself acquainted with the great Hungarian's aims and pur poses, gave prompt instructions to Cap tain John C. Long, U. S. tf., Nto whom was assigned the duty of bringing Kob suth to this country on board the war vessel Mississippi, of the Mediterranean squadron, and sent information to our Government of the objects of the fugi tive, so that our Secretary of State, Daniel Webster, thwarted the impracti cable efforts of Kossuth to enlist the United States in a foreign complication. When the United States war vessel reached Marseilles, Captain Long re fused to allow Kossuth to deliver a revolutionary harangue, which so an gered him that he left the Bhlp at Gib raltar. It is not true, as stated by a corre spondent of The Oregonlan, that after Kossuth had been received on board of our warship the commander of an Austrian war vessel demanded from the American commander that Kossuth be given up to him, and that our com mander at once cleared his decks for action. Austria had no quarrel with the United States. Turkey placed Kos suth on American soil wjien she placed him on our vessel's decks, and Aus tria was too astute a diplomat not to understand the law of nations. In the ca&e of Martin Kosta It was a question of disputed citizenship, and Captain In graham compelled the Austrian war vessel to surrender a man claiming to be an American citizen,, seized In a neu tral port. But in the case of Kossuth Austria would no more have made a hostile demand for the surrender of Kossuth by an American Government vessel than she would have made a demand for his surrender by our Gov ernment after he had reached Wash ington. Austria was not a fool or Ig noramus, and she knew that when Tur key placed Kossuth on our decks she had placed him on Amerioan soil as much as if she had planted him In Bos ton or New York. The mission of Kos suth to America was to obtain Inter vention In b3half of securing independ ence and home rule for Hungary. This was the burden of all his speeches, both here and in England, which had joined hands with America In securing his re lease by Turkey, and for this mission we repeat he met with no official ap proval at the hands of our Government or Congress. Congress carefully limit ed Its language, and facts we have re cited concerning the action of our Min ister at Turin, of the captain of our war vessel, and of our Secretary of State, prove beyond question that Kos suth was regarded merely as a man of genius, whose talents- and misfortunes excited admiration and sympathy. As a man and a guest, he was welcome, but for his mission Qur Government and Congress had as deaf ears as he found in England. Our Government ad mired and loved La Fayette, but when La Fayette was the Idol of the French Republic, from 1789 to 1792, our Govern ment "refused to' "help that republic make head against the victorious ad vance of the Austrian and Prussian armies. Our correspondent is in error In de scribing the Administration In 1851 as Democratic; it was the Whig Adminis tration of Fillmore, "and hia Secretary of State was the great Whig leader, Daniel Webster. Our Government, we repeat, gave Kossuth nothing of sym pathy with or approval of his mission to the United States, which was in behalf of intervention. We gave him personal sympathy, admiration and applause as a great orator and distinguished man, and right there we stopped, and right there England stopped, too. When Kossuth reached New York he heard" pro-Hungary speeches, just as irre sponsible Americans today speak at Irish home rule meetings, without a thought of intervention for Ireland; but by the time he reached Washing ton and conferred with the leaders of Congress, his mind began to be disa bused of his error. Congress, the Pres ident and the people treated him with distinguished honor as "the guest tit the Republic," just as England had treated him, but his intervention cam paign fell flat. Both parties denounced this wild proposition, and he returned to Europe a severely disappointed man. He found out that an Invitation to dinner was not a pledge of intervention for Hungary.' And this Is exactly what Kruger Is finding out in France today; the cheers of tho populace, the speeches of politicians, do not Imply the slight est hope of armed intervention, or even diplomatic mediation for the Boers. Governor Rogers, of Washington, says that "Bryan was morally and eth ically right," but too. advanced a thinker to succeed. It is easy to under stand how an ignorant man can be lieve in free silver at 16 to 1; that is, that it is "morally and ethically right?' to replace the gold dollar with debased silver dollars, so that every dollar of in debtedness due to labor would be dis charged by the "payment of 50 cents worth of silver, but it is not easy to un derstand how an Intelligent, well-read man can believe that free silver at 16 to 1 is "morally and ethically right," Unless he is a knave and a repudiation is t whenever it is for his advantage to scale his honest debts by paying them in dishonest money; that is, fiat paper or fiat silver. Governor Rogers is open to the suspicion that he has "wheels In his head." A free-sllverlte belongs' to the some class of "advanced think ers" that lobsters do who "advance" by walking backwards. An Astoria journal says: The Oregonlan falls to tell precisely what It. has cost the Port of Portland, with one dredg er in operation, to maintain the 25-foot chan nel that admlts-j-mlrablla dlctu! the passage of ships drawing 23 feet 6 Inches after a. Wil lamette freshet and probably on a two-foot tide. tVe-wltt state, however, that the tax on account of the port Is m mills on Multnomah County property, which Is assessed at about $40,000,000. The Oregonlan admits that to maintain a 30-foot channel may require two, and perhaps four, or more dredgers, which would mean a tax of 3 to 6 or more mills. Is Portland going to place such a handicap upon business, rents, manufacturing or small homes In her vicinity In order to maintain a channel already navigable at less cost by all sorts or river craft; and will she still prefer to ter minate tho common point at her docks, when It Is well agreed that the same rates should carry the freighters to deep water, and thus obviate all necessity of taxation to maintain tour or more dredges In the river? This may be called Portland's business, not Astoria's, but we do not believe that The Oregonlan article represents Portland interest. When Portland's Interests need an Astoria organ, for an advocate, it will be time enough for an Astoria organ to ooncern itself about Portland's Inter ests. Although Astoria is not? paying the tax, that city would seem to bear the burden of it. But Portland pays the tax, and Is far from bankruptcy. The Topeka correspondent of the New York Evening Post reports that the great losses of the PopUlists in Kansas and Nebraska at the November elec tion were among the farmers, who had harvested large crops and are reducing their mortgages. They are prosperous to a degree that they have never known before in Kansas or in Nebraska, and when they considered the effect Popu lism might have on their own invest ments they voted against it Free sil ver, as an issue, is dead in the prairie states. There is, indeed, a stronger sentiment for irredeemable paper money than for free silver. That plan yet has adherents among the old-time Greenbackers, Union Laborltes and early Populists who are yet in the har ness. The voters may again favor pa per money and the virtual repudiation of debts, as they have In the past ex pressed themselves, but they are not for Socialism. Four menk elected to the last Georgia Legislature as labor candidates, are making their presence felt at the pres ent session. They have put in bills pro hibiting child labor under 10 years of age; other bills limiting the hours at Which women and boys above 10 years of age can be employed in the mills; and other bills prohibiting the employ ment of children between 10 and 14 years unless the latter can show that they have attended school a certain time during the six months previous to being employed. As the mills employ many women and children above 10 years of age, the manufacturers are a good deal disturbed at a possible re striction of the operation of their mills. All of the larger towns and some of the smaller towns In Vermont took test votes on local option, either at the Sep tember or November election. Nearly one-tenth of the whole vote of the state has thus been expressed, and the result has been three to one in favor of local option In a small, hidebound, agricul tural state, which has had the prohibi tory law on its statute-book for nearly fifty years. The surest way for the Boers to per petuate their Independence is not to ex terminate themselves, but to submit to the superior force. In this way they will have a claim for consideration from Great Britain and will influence British policy. If they really love their coun try, let them stay with it and sway its destiny. To die will be only to sur render It. It really Is too bad that the Innocent County Commissioners should be held to anBwer for all the late sorrows of the Assessor. But of course If it Is not possible-to work out spite on voters, the Commissioners are as convenient ob jects as any for exercise of one's ran cor. The threatened tax by Russia on flour imports is something more for our high protectionists to think about. If any farmers in Oregon advocate the "American system" in the abstract, they may have occasion to contemplate it from a closer point of view. No preferment that can come to Father" Branchet tan exceed the de serts of his charitable, blameless life. If all priests were like him, there would be no A. P. A. party in the United States. It Is not for the Irish to pamper Kru ger with empty gratulatlons. The IrisH love heroism? and when they die for their country they don't run off to the Continent to do It. The official vote of the state shows the Prohibitionists to have cast some thing less than 2500 votes. They had 2700 in 1894. Should, Bryan desire to divorce him self from Democracy, probably the party would allow the suit to go by default. If the question were asked, Which is deader, Democracy or its paramounts? the proper answer would be, Bryan. True Americana. Baltimore Sun. The Hawallana have finished their first Presidential campaign in a manner so pro gressive and American that their assimila tion must be confessed to be a success. There were three parties. It seems Demo cratic, Republican and Independent and each of them had enthusiastic mass meet ings ahd tbrchllght processions. Every body participated in the political festivi ties at Honolulu. Not a soul was apa thetic, but every citizen of voting age glowed with patriotic enthusiasm. Sev eral street corners, it is stated, were oc cupied continuously by spellbinders for a whole week, oratory flowing in an Unin terrupted stream.. Campaign meetings never adjourned, but Were entertained by fervent speakers day and night. The au diences were as much Interested as the orators, and applauded all alike, except on one occasion, when 'abhorrent sentiments caused the crowd to topple the speakers' stand over, and there was silence for a minute or two till native Hawaiian spell binders had time to cUnra telegraph poles and begin to orate from their summits. Already, it is perceived, our Kanaka fellow-citizens have contributed an idea to American public life. Lofty sentiments are familiar to our office-seekers, but they have hitherto been content with the humble rostrum. Hereafter they may be expected to climb a pole before voicing their hlfalutin. CO-OPERATION NEEDED. Pacific States Should Look After Their Asiatic Interests. San Jose Mercury. A dispatch from Washington to The Portland Oregonlan. bearing date 7th Inst., advises the commercial and trading in terests of the Northern cities to formu late representations to lay before tho Secretary of War as to the tariff on ex ports from tho United States to tho Phil ippine Islands. The revised tariff for the Philippine It is explained, has been aant to the Secretary of War for further re vision, and It Is expected that all per sons Interested in sending goods to the Islands will make suggestions with ref erence to changes in the present lists. "Possibly," said the correspondent, "shippers will not get all they want, but they can make such representations to the Secretary of War as will secure re ductions of a beneficial character." Under the treaty of Paris, Spain Is en titled for the next 10 years to the same rates on Imports to the Philippines as the United States. Aa nearly every na tion which has a treaty with the United States has the "favored-nation clause," which allows It to have Its Imports treated with the same degree of favor as other countries, this favored-nation clause will no doubt operate to admit all goods Into the Philippines at the same rates as al lowed Spain, unless It should be arbi trarily decided that the tariff to be pro mulgated Is a part of military necessity, and is zot governed by the treaty with Spain or treaties withxrther nations. This would be a rather far-fetched view, and the probabilities are that when tho tariff Is revised it will have to be reduced for tho Philippines, as well, to secure the Introduction of products from the United States which ore less likely to be In competition with the products of foreign nations. All this Is important and interesting in Itself, but It has a still further interest because) it serves to illustrate what has heretofore been declared in the Mercury, namely," that the Pacific Coast may, if It chooses, largely dominate the policies of tho United States Government in respect to Pacific Ocean affairs. Our Govern ment stands ready to shape its commer cial policies in accordance with the In terests of American shippers, whose sug gestions it has Invited, and since tho American shippers are mostly local to the Pacific Coast the Influence of the Coast States is, therefore, likely to be para mount. For the first time the Pacific Btates flndhemselven In a position to be a really effeotlve force In the making of National policies, Blnce now for the first time we find ourselves of first Impor tance in connection with a very large subject of National policy. But if we are to be effective in this connection, we must be up and stirring. We must come to an understanding of our own wishes and we must be able to present them clearly and authoritatively at Washington. It Is a case In which the Individual action of our representatives at Washington is hardly adequate. If mere personal Initiative is depended upon, many points are likely to be overlooked or not suitably presented. It is a case in which organization on the part of our representatives would probably add great ly to the value of their united efforts. At former times effort has been made to bring the Coast representation, into some thing like an organized force, but never, we think, since the passage of the Chi nese restriction law has this effoVt ever come tor anything. The occasion now pre sents itself and the time seems ripe for a movement which could hardly fail to make the Pacific States a prodigious force in all matters relating to the Pacific Ocean- and its connections, commercial and political: California, by her weight In Congress and by her larger commercial character, is entitled to -take the lead. She could beyond doubt command the In stant co-operation of Oregon and Wash ington and probably of all states west of the Rocky Mountains. - t i KOSSUTH AND KRUGER. Letter "BThJeU Is Noticed Elsewhere on This Page, PORTLAND. Nov. 22. (To the Editor.) With your permission, I desire to cor rect some statements made in your edi torial, "Kruger's Reception in France," in which you refer to the Hungarian pa triot, Louis Kossuth, and purporting to give history as it is written. Accord ing to your statements, Louis Kossuth came to America in behalf of his coun try; but, aside from being well received by our people at large, he met with no approval for his mission at the hands of our Government or Congress. I am sur prised that The Oregonlan will deliber ately misrepresent history as it has in this article, for surely It knows better. Louia Kossuth was brought to this country on an American war vessel from Turkey, whither he had fled for an asy lum after the failure of the Hungarian revolution. Demands having been made by Austria on the Sultan to give up Kossuth for punishment, and it being feared that the Sultan might possibly concede them, our United States Con gress, .by joint resolution. Instructed a Democratic President to Fend a war ves sel to Smyrna to bring Kossuth to this country &b the Nation's guest. Not only this, but after Kossuth had been re ceived on board of our warship, the com mander of an Austrian war vessel de manded from the American commander that Kossuth be given up to him. This was met with a prompt and emphatic re fusal, backed up by the clearing of the decks of our warship for action, with the outcome that Kossuth was borne away safely In triumph by American patriots in an American ship-of-war to America. Upon his arrival here Kossuth was re ceived with public honors at Washing tonwhere he addressed Congress and privately welcomed as no other foreigner has ever been welcomed by the American people, with the exception of that other great patriot, La Favette. "Did an irresponsible American audi ence." according to The Oregonlan, dis patch a war vessel to save Kossuth from his European governmental enemies, or was It the responsible Government of the United States 'that did this? Why not give the facts as thev are? True it Is that we did not ?ive aid to Kossuth's compatriots but that was In line with Washington's advice to hold aloof from entangling alliances with for elsm nations Contrast the treatment of Kossuth un der a Democratic Administration with that meted out to Kruger under a Re publican Administration, and it Is easy to see which stood for "liberty enlight ening the world" by publicly proclaiming its. well-wishes for all oppressed neop'e struggling for liberty, as we also did ojnee upon a time. By all means let Kruger visit America. even If a toadvine and Tory Adminis tration do"s not desire It. There are enouprh millions of patriots still left in America to make his reception on Insur ing one. C. W. EMAN. Austria In a Bad "Way. There are many signs that the crisis In Austria Is rapidly approaching a climax. A cry of distress is raised, for example, by the Vienna Stock Exchange, which laments the paralysis of Industry and trade and the depression of values conse quent upon the prolonged deadlock. In the Reichsrath and the uncertain political outlook. For many months tho National Legislature has transacted no business. The German and the Czech elements In turn nhstmmt anrt nnthtnc- ran Tw rtnna The strife between the races exists in the constituencies as well as at Vienna. Elect tog a new Reichsrath has been tried as a remedy, but the experiment failed. A new election has been ordered as a last expe dient, but nobody expects the Jarring races, languages and religions to har monize In tho next Reichsrath. Its failure to work harmoniously the final break down of the parliamentary regime in Aus triaIs expected to be followed by a sus pension of constitutional government, the Emperor Francis Joseph, with every body's approbation, taking the govern ment Into his own hands. The Reichs rath will be dismissed unblessed, the need ed legislation will be made by the Em peror's decree. This Is necessitated, among other things, by the Increasing demands of Hungary. The disorder In Austria has stimulated the Hungarians to try to turn the situation to their own advantage In various practical ways. They wish a tariit wall to shut out Austrian manufac tures and wish Austrian railways to be managed la Hungary's interest. Alto gether, Austria, in consequence of sense less agitations, seems to be in a fair way to lose Its hold upon many sources of prosperity. PERILS OF 2TASTERP1ECES. Some of Them Come Near Being Irre coverably Lost. Chicago Inter Oceaiu Every student of tho English drama hog mourned for the possible masterpieces lost when Warburton's carelessness per mitted his cook to line pie tins with or iginal manuscripts of Elizabethan plays. Every admirer of old ballads has won dered what treasures of folic song were in the half of the famous manuscript used by Humphrey Pitt's housemaids to kindle fires before the Rev. Thomas Percy begged the precious remains. Every lover of poetry, albeit a good Christian, has cursed the bishop whose bigoted zeal de prived us of most of the poems of Sappho, and then blessed the notary of Verona whose curiosity or avarice led him to discover under on overturned peck meas ure In a cellar the poems of Catullus. To Coventry Patmore, himself a poet, may be due our possession of Tennyson's "In Memoriam." Living in lodgings neai Patmore, to him Tennyson read bits of his unpublished work. Leaving these lodg ings, Tennyson left behind his manu script, and several weeks later wrote to Patmore to try to recover it. The poem had been written in a long, thin volume, like a butcher's account book. When Patmore called at the houso the landlady declared no such book had been left there, and objected to a search. Push ing by her, Patmore ran up the stairs, and fotmd the lost poem in the closet used by Tennyson as a pantry. Patmore tells the story in his "Memoirs," recently published. Tennyson, after the publica tion of his masterpiece, gave the manu script to another friend, and it Is now one of the treasures of the library of Trinity Collego, Cambridge. Suppose Patmore had not persisted, had not risked arrest for forcible trespass, would we have "In Memoriam?" Of course, Tennyson might have reproduced his work, as Carlyle did his "French Rev olution." after John Stuart Mill acci dentally burned his original manuscript. But would it have been the same poem? Is the "French Revolution" we have bet ter or worse for having been laboriously dragged anew from the author's mind? Would Tennyson have labored, as we know Carlyle labored, to recover the lost ground? These are questions to which not even the authors of these two master pieces of prose and verse could give an swers commanding universal belief. Not all readers agree with the general opin ion that a writer's second thoughts are always better. Witness the disputes be tween admirers of Omar Khayyam over Fltz Gerald's various versions, and one faction's belief that Ellhu Vedder's rear rangement is a decided Improvement. Cicero's praises of the "eloquence" and "beautiful style" of Aristotle bo little accord with that philosopher's works as we know them that many modern schol ars have concluded that there may be some truth in Strabo's curious story. This Is that the works of Aristotle we now study were concealed for some 200 years In a cellar to save them from seizure by royal collectors, and came to light only about the beginning of the Christian era. Be this as it may, it is certain that "In Memoriam" lay for weeks on a pantry shelf. In imminent danger of the flames or the paper mill. In any event Coventry Patmore's friendly zeal deserves to rank" him with the notary of Verona and the Rev. Thomas Percy as a preserver of lit erary masterpieces. We may .owe to him our possession of the most admired of Tennyson's longer poems. Perhaps that fact will keep his memory green long after his own poems have been forgot ten. What Was Itt Good Iiord But no. He Is not good. For if He were, I would Have scarcely got it in the neck As I did get It. Oh, my brethren, when Will I get on my feet again? "When will the people heed The doctrine of my creed, And feel the need Of what so lonr I've urged them to adopt And have the Nation's ruin Stopped? Oh, brethren, can you tell What was it hit me? For a little spell Methought I saw beyond, And then. Omen Of my belief, I didn't know a thing. It seemed to me As It I'd gathered to my soul A dull and sickening thud And dropped with it on something hard. And all the lights went out at once. I am not yet myself. But I can talk. That faculty remains, And let me say The G. O. P.ters swatted me With Oriental cruelty. They must Have organized a. trust To bust Me as they did. For surely no land ever slid As did that under me From lake to gulf, from sea to sea. They must have sicked the Octopus On us To chase Us out of our abiding place; And let the Money Demon chaw Us raw. In East and West. In North and South, Although my mouth Has reached them all, Sid you not hear the fall Of something? What Was it? Me? Great Scott I hardly thought Such ruin could be wrought. Where are the dreams I dreamed? Is gold still gold? Is sweet 10 to 1 Gone glimmering? Are soldiers yet in rank? Is this republic still The corporations' will? . Is this broad land Yet to expand? And does the flag ' Still fly ' ' . On high? V Is W. J. JV ' No more to have, his say? And must he bear '"" """ The Cross of. Gold, - . And must he wear , The Crown of Thorns? Oh me, oh my, That I should still bo I, And that At last I've learned Exactly where Pm .at. , No -more will I be known; No more the tyrant's "throne Will have & smasher; No more will Me And Liberty Stand "" V L" Hand In hand; I No more will I The Matchless Leader be; No more, no Toont- Ring tho bell softly,. There's crape on the door. William 3. Lampton. . NOrE AND COMMENT. t . ? We will not complain any more about the rain. Congress will not he in session till after Thanksgiving, so the success of the holi day is assured. Now Is about the time for .representa tives of Kentucky and Colorado to get to gether and hold a peace conference. Connecticut, whose size entitles her to have a dingey named for her, is insulted , when her name Is given to a fine moni tor. Southern California voted the prosper-,v lty tloket, and already there has been more rain down there than any time in 10 years. If Oom Paul should take a notion to ' come to this country. It Is not likely that Webster Davis would endeavor to got on the reception committee. The Boxers are tolerable flghters, hut ' most of their Generals were not able to get through their late unpleasantness , without losing their heads. After two battles Bryan finally has , come around to accept Cleveland for a model. He is now saying nothing, but evidently Is thinking a whole lot. Agulnaldo Is said to be shot In the stom ach. As the way to a man's heart is through his stomach, he may soon pull off another cf his celebrated deaths. The price of whisky has risen in Ken tucky, and tho people are clamoring against the heartlessness of a trust which strives to place a necessity beyond their reaoh. The Czar of Russia, In event of his death, would be succeeded by the Grand Duke Michael, who was born December 4, 1678. The present Emperor has three children, all girls, the oldest being but 5 years of age. Francis Parkman, the historian, had a Mosaic idea of justice. A friend met him one day walking along the street leading a street boy with either hand. "What In the world are you doing?" Parkman asked his friend. "I found that Johnny, here, had eaten all of the apple. Instead of di viding with his little brother. I am going to buy another for the younger boy, and make Johnny watch him while he eats It." , President H. S. Prltchett, of the Massa chusetts Institute of Technology, in speaking of the belief that politics were all impure, recently said: "No man can be brought into contact with the actual machinery of our Government, can min gle with the men who make our laws, who Interpret them and who execute t them, without gaining not only a whole some respect for the service of the state, but also a reasonable 'hopefulness for the future of our Institutions." Captain A. T. Mahan, of the United States Navy, the well-known writer on naval subjects, has the honor of being the reclplint of the first Cheney Memo rial Medal of Great Britain. It is in con- slderatlon of the three great works of ' which he is the author "The Influence ot Sea Power on History," ' The Influence of Sea Powor Upon the French Revolu tion" and "The Life of Nelson" that Captain Mahan has been deservedly se- lected for this high honor. Fifty years ago a Mississippi River steamboat of the name ot Bon Accord, Captain De Haven, plied between Galena and St. Louis, carrying pig lead ,on hej",, down trip and bringing back, among othV er things, green hides for a tanner of the , name of Jesse Grant, whose son after ward became known, recalls Victor Smith, In the New York Press. She was orig inally a lower river boat, as her namo and that of her captain would imply. The third pilot's name was Clemens, a roys terous, boisterous sort of fellow, much given to dance and song, and the only person on board who could Jump up ana crack his heels together three times be fore coming down. When his turn at the wheel was ended, he would come out on the deck singing: Wheel' about and turn about and do Juit so. And every time you wheel about yeu Jump Jim Crow. He accompanied the song with a furious Jig, and at the end sprang Into the air, struck his heels together three times and oame down with a concussion that shook the whole foward end of the upper deck. The captain who was often on the deck below, woUId shake his finger at the song-and-dancor and say: "Young man, If you do that again I will throw you over board." And Clemens would reply In an asldet "If he does he will have to upset the boat," or "The captain has no Idea of ruining a good suit of clothes by any such -foolishness." The captain was a blond, 30 years old, as handsome as a picture and a good deal of an athlete, aa was Clemens, who was much younger. -This third pilot afterwarufl?o1ift3,writlng, which brought him some money, but a rich wife brought him more. The uni verse knows him today as Mark Twain. PLEASANTRIES OF PARAGRAPHERS Teacher How many voyages did Columbus make? Pupil "He made four, ma'am. Teach er Correot, and after which of them did ho die? Philadelphia Kecord. Caustic and Cruel "Clara, an Indoor flying machine has been Invented." "Well, you needn't get one, Clarence; you break enough bric-a-brac now." Indianapolis Journal. In the Darkest South. First Citizen Ain't you goih' to teach your little boy to read aa' write 7 Second Cltlien Naw; 'tain't neces sary. His grandfather had a vote. Puck. Valuable Information. "Here's a magazine , article that will Just suit you." "What Is it entitled?" " 'Home-Made Christmas Presents, and iHow to Slide Out of Them.' "Chicago Record. Too Bad. Mrs. Bingo That's Just like a man. Bingo What have I done now? Mrs. Bingo I spent a day making that pillow, and now. you've put your head on it. Harper"! B&zar. Esther My mother was renowped for hes beauty. She was certainly the handsomest woman I have ever seen. Miss Cayenne Ah,' It was yeur father, then, who was not good looking l Tlt-Blts. An Honest M&n. Judge You are charged with stealing a gold scarfpln of the value of teh dollars. Are you guilty or not guilty.? Prisoner Not guilty, your honor. The pawn broker said It was throwln' money to tho birds to let roe have more than two dollars on it. Detroit Free Press. The Referendum Dollar. The silver problem Is being solved by a Colorado mlneowner by the issue of a six-sided silver coin, weighing one ounce whloh be calls "the referendum dollar." He puts In his dollar 65 cents worth ot sliver, which, he says, Is worth $1 29, or ought to be. He will take $123 apiece for them and redeem them at that price. Those that like heavy silver dollars havo now their chance. The Inventor calls the new ounce dollar the "referendum" dollar because he "refers" it to the peo ple for their acceptance or rejection. Their acceptance of it will, he thinks, prove their loyalty to silver, especially when they know that the new dollae is tov be redeemed at a fancy valuation. A tho lawful coin is not Imitated, the Fed eral authorities will not interfere.