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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Aug. 11, 1900)
THE MORNING OEEGONIAN, SATUKDAY, AUGUST ff, 1300. tx$ rgoman ttterefl t the FostofSce tt Portland. Oregon. as eecond-class matter. TELEPHONES. :2!torial Rooms 3CG Business Office ...G67 KEVTSKD SUBSCRI7XION BATES. By lit., 'postage prepaid, la AO&nce i. . w.tvSundcy. per month..... ..JO S3 -.;, S-T daj excepted, pr vear... ....... 7 W i y, tv th Sunday, per jeaf. ........ 9 00 ;uray, per rear ... ...... .............. 2 00 .eekSy, ;r year................-. 1 M "W...i. 3 months M Ta "V; Subscribers r. per week, deM-ered. Sundays excepteiLlSs J. per week, delivered, Sundajs lncludd.20c POSTAGE RATES. Trcd S'ates. Canada and Mexico: E0 3 15 p?ge paper ................... ......lc ti C2-r&jre pawer 2c rore.gn -ates double. New or dlecasFion 1nteno"3 fnr publication In he Orciroman hm,M . mJL lnraMv rhe Oregonian should be -addressed Invariably "CiStcr The Oregonian.' not to the name of ry !re:rduo!. L-ttrs relating to advertising. -bwTrfF'Icno or to any husliwss matter should adCresed simply "The Orronlan." The CreginlBri ces not buy poemo or stories 'rein rd'rldtiate, and'eannot undertake to r- :um cry manuscripts pom to It without jwllctta- lon. Ko stamps riioulfl be Inclosed lor this Jrpose. Puget Sound Uarpau Captain A. Thompson. ace at 111 J Parlflc avenu Taccma. Box 953. 2-oroa post office. Eairn Business Office The Tribune bulld- RS New Tork City: "The Rookerv " Chicago: the S. C EwJcwlth wvrinl afrMrv. Xr-cr York For eile In San Francisco by J. K. Cooptr. 46 Market street, near he (Palace hotel, and OclZsmlth Bros., 236 Sutter street. For le In Chlcaco by the P. O. News Co.. 1217 Dearborn etreet. TODAY'S a.'T?LTTT.T.T?at retnAa mrurtlv northerly portayi, SATUHDAT, AUGUST 11. PORTLAND AJTD ITS RAILROADS."" Propldent Mullen has availed himself fcf The Oregonian's Invitation, and in ar.othrr column gives, over his own sig nature, the Northern Pacific's position In Its controversy -with the O. R. & 2C It Is a straightforward declaration, concerning -whose meaning there can be r.o mlstalce. There is no occasion f;r extended comment on the matter. The letter speaks for itself. Not only that, but the afesertlons made are not to b? verified or disproved in any way except by events. Time will soon show nhethcr the change inaugurated re duces the proportion of grain received at Portland from Eastern Washington terrl'orj Time will show whether the faculties on the west side of the WI1- ' lamette River at Portland are adequate I to take care of the grain desired to be received here by Portland shippers. Time -will show whether exporters get cars from the Northern Pacific with equal readiness, havo them handled with equal dispatch, at equal cost and with equal facilities at Portland as com pared with Puget Sound points. Mean while, it may be awkward, perhaps, to make up the verdict before the evi dence is in. Tet a word, perhaps, should be said re'.athe to President Mellen's remarks concerning Astoria. The point is not so much whether Portland is fearful or Astoria petulant, though each may be true. The point is whether the extension of common rates to As toria as compared with Portland is on the same plane as similar extensions in the State of "Washington to points served by the Northern PaebV. It awosu-$ t& The Oregonian that the comparison is hardly fair, and for this reason: The Northern Pacific is one line; but the haul from Astoria to Eastern points proceeds over differ ent roads, some of which are acutely hostile in purpose and management. The O. R. & N., for example, has prop erty and interests on the Columbia River to maintain, Just as the Southern Pacific has property and interests to maintain in California. In order that Astoria may have common rates with Portland, it Is necessary that the haul from Portland to Astoria be made for nothing, or else that that sum be made good from deductions from the long haul East, or the long haul from the Interior to Portland. This matter could be adjusted n a pro rata arrangement. It is true; but that is a matter for the Interested roads. The cases are far front parallel. "With e ery effort' to build up the in dustries and develop the resources of this region, The Oregonian is in full sympathy Therein lies our future, and ret in supplication at the feet of trans poTta'ion lines. Portland, as well as Atvtcria may as well now as any time abanlon the idea that the way to "wealth and pre-eminence here is to sit dwn and take the money-changer's toll on evrrj tarrying sightseer and every Tossing round of freight. Portland, as well s Astoria, may as well now as nnj tine give over the Idea that the wav to wealth and pre-eminence here is to stand in somebody else's light or grab plunder from somebody else's ril? The man that leaves his own flock to make reprisals on his neigh bor's -will find no sheep in his own fold when ho gets home. There Is no way f T a rltv to become great by sallying frth to la waste its neighbor's posses el crns WHAT ORI3GOV KEnDS IS PEO PLr? PKOPI.E TII.1,1G ITS VAL- i.ms. shharivg sunnr axd fat tening CATThK OV ITS HILLS, DIG G1XG CO.I IRON" 4AD GOLD OtT OP ITS 3UHNT4.IXS. M MCIXG IXJIDER OVT OF ITS FORESTS. SHOES OUT OF ITS HIDES, CLOTIIIXG OUT OK ITS "WOOL. Get this, and railroads will break thtir necks to cover the state and get trade through low rates. Get this, and commerce will come cf itself. Get this, ard n.b"dy will bave time to howl ca lamity or pass censorious resolutions arrcrtlonlng freely on every hand blame for our several failures. Perhaps, if the truth be told, the rail roads are doing more for this region today than the very people who are up braiding them. Who is getting cream eries established all over Western Ore gon and helping sawmills to get their lumber to market, Portland or the Southern Pacific? Who is developing the lumber trade of the Columbia basin and getting grains ami grasses for re clamation of Eastern Oregon, Port land or the O. R. & N.? More capital has been put into Oregon's service by the railroads the past few years, in added trains, in betterments, in agricul tural de elopmenj, in new lines, in lum ber and coal land Investments, than the members of all the Chambers of Com merce in the state have put into pro ductive industry, from sawmills to soapworks. Nature has done a great deal for Portland. The railroads have done a great deal more. But Nature and the railroads can't do Jt alL It is well enough to have influential friends. If we don't depend on them too exclu- j slvely; but a man must do sometblngr for himself. It Is about that -way -with a community. CRIPPLED BY THE POPUIilSTS. The Secretary of "War replies to Gen eral Summers' tender of his services to raise a volunteer regiment In Ore gon for service in China that there is no authority of law for the acceptance of any volunteer troops other than those now in service. "Under the act approved March 2, 1899, known as "the provisional Army act," Congress reor ganized the Army on the following basis: The President "was authorized to maintain the regular Army at a strength not exceeding 65,000 enlisted men, to be distributed among the sev eral branches of the service, and to , raise a force of not more than 35,000 1 T'nlnntArc All enHcf ttiati tc fnr- thA vnl- i -! ,i t ., ... "nteer forces shall be for the term of two years and four months, unless sooner discharged, and this act also provides that the Increased regular and volunteer force shall continue in service only during the necessity therefor, and not later than July 1, 1901. The conse quence is that not only the twenty-five regiments of volunteers raised for service in the Philippines under this act must be discharged by the first of next July, but by the same date the regular Army must be reduced to its old peace footing of about 27,000 men. The withdrawal of these volunteers a.nd regulars will begin in January next, and the first and most Imperative duty of Congress will be to pass legis lation that will authorize a sufficient Increase of our regular and volunteer Army to meet our military needs, which call for at least an Army of 100,000 men. which is about the present total of our regular and volunteer forces. The best way to give us the Army we need would be to increase the regular Army to 100,000 men, for with our en larged and enlarging military responsi bilities we shall need that number for years to come, but, failing of this leg islation, the most economical way to maintain our Army In adequate strength for the work before It would be to enlist the necessary number of men as United States Volunteers and organize them Into regiments whose Colonels shall be appointed from the veteran officers of the regular Army of excellent record. This was the method adopted In the organization of the twenty-five regiments of United States Volunteers that were recruited and sent to the Philippines inMhe Summer and Autumn of 1S99. and no better volun teer regiments were ever organized, for their Colonels were all regular Army officers, selected on their efficiency rec ords and on .recommendation of their superior officers for having shown skill and bravery in battle and demonstrated special fitness for command. The Lieutenant-Colonels and Majors were also selected by the same standard of fit ness, although a number of these were selected from veteran volunteers of val iant service. The Captains and Lieu tenants were also appointed on their record of service. When Congress meets In December it will -have to act promptly to authorize the recruitment of the necessary num ber of men to replace' the departing United States Volunteers and regulars. Populists of the Senate, Including the professed Democrats, united to create the present embarrassing situation, against the warnings and protest of the Republican leaders, and If they should unite in December to filibuster against measures necessary to maintain the Army in the Philippines and in China, we should find ourselves as a Nation in a very humiliating position. If the bill for the permanent Increase of the reg ular Army to 100,000 men had become a law, we should not be today In a position that may become very embar rassing if Congress should not prompt ly authorize an increase of the regular and volunteer Arms' in December next. PEKIJi SHOULD BE OCCUPIED. With the capture of Yang Tsun, a base has been obtained for the collec tion of supplies coming up from Tien Tsin by road and river until the rail way between the two places is put in working order. From this point will commence the advance in force on Pe kln. When the military resistance of the Chinese to the advance of the allies has been completely broken, the Pekln Government will endeavor to persuade them not to enter and occupy the city. The Pekln Government will give the allies a blank sheet of paper to write any terms of settlement demanded if they only will agree not to enter and occupy the city. Freedom of inter course between the Legations, payment of large pecuniary indemnities, execu tion of the guilty, even cession of ad ditional territory on the coast, will be granted to purchase non-entry and oc cupation of Pekin. The Pekln Govern ment will do this because it knows that nothing will so weaken the influence and authority of the central govern ment as the announcement that Pekin had been forcibly entered and occupied by the "foreign devils." The average Chinaman believes Pekin to be impregnable. He has a supersti tious belief that it is protected by its gods so that it will always be inviolate. It is true that Pekin was occupied by. an army of English and French troops forty years ago, but the present gener ation of Chinese know nothing about that, and If they have heard'of it, have been taught to believe that it was a peaceful and friendly occupation, since no injury was wrought to the city save the burning of the Imperial Summer Palace outside the walls of the city nroner. Tne cmnese notion oi war means destruction, looting and burning of captured cities. The fact that the allies in 1S60 did not destroy, loot, burn or retain possession of Pekln makes the average Chinaman believe that the "foreign devils" either could not or dared not wreak vengeance on Pekln, and the national self-conceit still cher ishes a superstitious belief in Pekin as inviolate, because impregnable. This popular Illusion the Pekln Government does not wish broken, lest it destroy its prestige of authority with the various provinces. So it Is to be ex pected that when the Chinese are beaten In the field the Pekin Govern ment will leave no stone unturned to persuade the victorious allies not to enter and occupy Pekin, but to be con tent to accept ample pecuniary and even territorial indemnity, without actually seizing the capital of the em pire. The allies cannot afford to consent to this, for what Is needed to assure pro tection in the future to foreign Minis ters at Pekln is Just this complete occu pation of the city by the army of the allies which its guilty government will seek to avoid. It Is absolutely neces sary for the people of Pekin to see their sacred city In the victorious military possession of the soldiers of the foreign countries whose Ambassadors they have murdered and whose property they have destroyed. Furthermore, the allies will be lacking In statesmanlike sagacity If they fall to try publlely and on conviction execute publicly all lead ing high officials guilty of massacre or conniving at massacre of foreign resi dents in China. They 'should, also, de molish utterly all Pekin's fortifications, whether of ancient or modern construc tion. If this is done, the world will not soon again hear of a massacre of foreign residents in China, executed, or at least instigated and approved, by the Pekin Government. ABOUT TIME TO QUIT. The Baltimore Sun Is always respect able, usually dignified and frequently thoughtful. As a type, therefore, of Southern anti-Imperialism, an appeal to It to be reasonable and sensible should not be wholly vain. The Sun is highly Incensed at the denial of consent of the governed it fears is about to be en forced in the Philippines. Thus: This Is the centennial annUersary year of the first election of Thomas Jefferson as Presi dent of the United States. By a sinister coin cidence It Is the first Presidential year In i hloh the paramount issue is whether the American people1 shall make a radical departure from tue principles of the Declaration of Independ ence and of the Constitution framed by the fathers of the Republic. It must not be over looked that the popular decision o'f this ques tion next November Is not more momentous for us than for our posterity; Our children and our children's children will rejoice or lament because of that decision. The imperial policy Is one whose consequences, once they are In voked, win havo to be borne by succeeding generations. If by their ballots this year the people Indorse the McKlniey policies, wo are not merely irrevocably committed oursehes to the new principles that governments derive their Just powers from superior armed force. In committing ourseHes to such principles and policies we cannot aoId committing the rising and future generations to them also. This is plausible enough when taken alone, but It does not comport with the Sun's indorsement of denial of consent of the governed in Southern States, thus: The elimination of the Illiterate negro -oto In North Carolina, will prove a blessing to both races. It will insure honest and efficient government by those best fitted to control the affairs of tho state. It will prevent friction between the races, and -will lead in the end to Improved relations between whites and blacks. There is no disposition In North Car olina to treat the nerro unkindly. His best friends in that stato are among the most ardent advocates of the amendment adopted yesterday. He will be educated and cared for in the future, as in the past, by those who voted to disfranchise the Illiterate members of his race. The adoption of tho amendment will proe beneficial to North Carolina in more than a rolitlcal way. With the friction be tween the races reduced to a minimum, and white supremacy assured.the material develop ment of the state will be greatly promoted. It is simply idiotic for papers like the Sun to denounce in one column a polit ical procedure which it vouches for in another column. We therefore call upon the Sun, and all other anti-imperialist papers in the South, with pre tensions to ordinary human intelli gence, to do one of three things: 1. Denounce the grandfather clause as subversive of our liberties. 2. Uphold the Administration's policy in the Philippines. 3. Drop both subjects. Any one of these three courses will remove the stamp of idiocy and the attainder of Insincerity from a news paper that is otherwise a source of satisfaction and gratitude to all the candid and the discerning. Otherwise, otherwise. The Empress Dowager of China was merely the concubine of the Emperor Hien Feng when she became the mother of his only son, Teng Chlh, who suc ceeded him. His mother, the present Empress Regent of China, acquired the status of secondary wife on the birth of her son, as is customarj in China, and was appointed co-Regent with the real Empress, the first wife of HJen Feng. Theregency soon devolved on the shoul ders of the Dowager Empress, and prac tically from 1860 until now she has gov erned China. On the death of her son, Tung Chih, who came to the throne at the age of 17 and died after a nominal reign of four years, she arbitrarily se lected as his successor the Infant child of Prince Chun, her late husband's brother. This child, the unfortunate Kwang Hsu, ascended the throne In 1887 at 16 years of age. But In 1898 his aunt, the Empress Dowager, who had prac tically reserved to herself the supreme power by retaining the great seal and the appointment of all the principal civil and military officials, seized the person of the Emperor, who henceforth was practically imprisoned in the pal ace, his life only spared .because it was convenient to have a nominal Emperor. He was terrorized with threats and compelled to sign documents in direct contradiction to his previous reform schemes. The Empress Dowager is 65 years old; Prince Tuan, nephew of the Empress, is a man of no ability, but his child has been chosen by her to succeed the present Emperor, Kwang Hsu. The southern Viceroys refuse to acknowl edge the government, and when the united armies of the powers get into Pekin their first act will be to upset and expel from authority the Empress Dowager and restore the Emperor to his rightful place upon the peacock throne. Statistics have been published from time to time showing the economy in Iowa's affairs that has marked the last few years of the state's administration. Practical demonstration of this is about to be given the taxpayers. It is an nounced that the tax levy will be de creased by at least two-tenths of a mill by the Executive Council. The levy has been 3 mills. Including the one- tentb of a mill that Is levied for the State University. The new levy will be 2.8 mills. There has been an increase in the value of taxable property of 17,700,022 during the last year, but, al though this Is a proof of increased prosperity, it is not sufficient to account for the decrease in taxation, the in creased assessment being only 3 per cent of the gross valuation. On the contrary, in the face of the Increased prosperity that usually tempts to ex travagance, the Iowa administration has been economical. It is but a few years ago that the taxes were ex tremely high and the debt beyond the constitutional limit Since then rigid economy and careful administration, in which the Board of Control has had a prominent part, has brought about the present gratifying state of affairs, which should be emulated by other states. It is interesting to note that this economy has been secured without sacrificing the interests of the state In stitutions, none of which receive less money than heretofore, while some of them receive Increased appropriations at the hands of the Legislature. John Egan, late of Company D, Sixth United States Infantry, an Irish Cath olic, writes the New York Sun that the stories published In certain papers at the East regarding churches desecrated and sacred images and pictures defiled in the Philippines 'are without founda tion; that during his whole service in the islands, which was both extensive and varied, he never saw anything of the sort. "Every one seemed to hold these things as sacred there," he says, "as they would here in the United States. The Catholic street ceremonies during holy week of this year, when large bodies of men assembled, were never interfered with or hindered in any way by the authorities." The Grand Army veterans, who are to have their National encampment in Chicago the last week of this month, will meet in what is likely to be the hottest period of the Summer at Chi cago. It Is safe to predict that the mercury will range above 90 in the shade during their whole visit. Com mon sense would dictate the assign ment of a public parade of old soldiers, who are' dying off at the rate of 30,000 a year, to some cooler time and place than the last week of August in Chi cago. The last week of August in Western Oregon and Washington is al ways sure to be delightfully cool; but the backbone of the heated term is not broken at the East, and in the Middle West, before October.' In the departure of President McClel land from Forest Grove, Pacific .Unl versit' loses a man of high character, an educator of broad attainments and an executive oS'great zeal, discretion and efficiency. The gainer is Knox College, Illinois, and thither will follow the best wishes of the people of Ore gon for the success of Its new president. His place here, in many respects, can not be filled; but it is gratifying to know that the work will go forward uninterruptedly and enthusiastically in competent hands. Upon the solid foun dation already laid We may confidently expect to see trained and devoted hands rear a roble superstructure. Thfe dispatch -from Minister Conger, published this morning, is clearly geni uine, for it communicates a very' severe indictment of the Pekln Government in the statement that the Chinese Foreign Office has lylngly insisted that the "various foreign governmentsnave re peatedly asked that we depart from Pekin under escort," and it further says, "to Insure our safe'departure only foreign troops can safely escort us. We cannot accept a Chinese escort under any circumstances." Of course, these damaging statements would not be in cluded in the dispatch if it were not genuine. It is not likely that Congress will soon again authorize, as it did by the act of April 22, 1898, the acceptance of state organizations. If we need to add a volunteer Army to our regular Army, it should be composed entirely of United States volunteers to secure effi cient organization and officers of repu tation for professional knowledge and experience, men who owe nothing at present to political "pull" and never ex pect to owe anything to It In the future. C: The report that an edict has issued in Pekin authorizing Li Hung Chang to negotiate with tho powers for peace is probably true, but it is too late. The allies will consent to no settlement until they have rescued the Legations and are in full possession of Pekln, ready and able' to act promptly as military sheriffs, judges and executioners. u ' Bressi, who killed King Humbert, will not be executed, because in Italy cap ital punishment has been abolished. Tho murderer of the Empress of Aus tria escaped- death because in Ticino, the Italian canton of Switzerland, cap ital punishment Is not inflicted. Bryan says that the Democratic party's battle this year is one against corruption and Intimidation. Here is a hard hit at Montana Clark's contribu tion and the grandfather clause in North Carolina. The flag came down in Mexico, as Bryan says. But It did not come down while hostile armies were arrayed in active warfare against it. Nor will It tn Luzon. Germany is well fitted to assume the leadership of the international forces in China If it comes to real war. She Is the first military power on the globe. NORTH CAROLINA PROVOCATION. Southern Papers' Method of Excus ing: the Grandfather Clause. Atlanta Constitution. In discussing the causes that have led to tho disfranchising of tho negroes in North Carolina and to the somewhat bois terous campaign that has culminated In an overwhelming Democratic victory, the Republican newspapers of New England are inclined to close t)ieir eyes to some of the most important reasons why the white people of North Carolina deter mined to rid themselves of even the threat of negro domination. . Tho Springfield Republican adverts to the main cause, but passes over it light ly. It recounts the results of fusion between the Republicans and the Popu lists and refers to the fact that in the counties where the negroes had a major ity the administration of civil offices was practically turned over to them. "There were nesro Aldermen, nolicemen. Consta bles, Deputy Sheriffs and School Commis sioners. Jn all fully 1000 blacks became holders of -office, '300 negro judicial magis trates were elected, and 27 negro Post masters appointed." Bo says the Springfield Republican, adding by way of coiripient that "from our viewpoint the rise to power Qf so many negroes was entirely legitimate and proper." This also tls our opinion, and it must have been tho opinion of the peo ple of North Carolina also, for we re call no loua protests against the inevitable-result of the fusion between tho Re publicans and the Populists. But tho Republican does not call at tention to the most Important fact of all, namely, that events In North Caro lina a generation after emancipation were such as to put the negro race on trial. Never before had the race in this coun try had so favorable an opportunity to demonstrate, its capacity to hold office and satisfactorily administer civil affairs. Tho opportunity was placed in their hands and the event demonstrated that, whatever progress the colored race has made since Its emancipation, the negro politicians have no capacity whatever for undertaking the duties and responsibili ties of public office. They failed at every point. They administered the law solely in the interest of the negroes. Their prejudice against the whites, sharpened by thfe advice of New England sectlon alists. took the form of arrogance and soon became so violent as to be intolera ble. They seemed to. have no conception whatever that in their own persons the negro race was on trial. Their unreason ing and unreasonable treatment of the whites was manifested In the most brutal way. Tho fact to which we desire to call the attention of the Republican news papers is that a condition of affairs that would not haye been tolerated In a New ; England community 24 hours was en dured in North Carolina for two years. We agree with the Springfield Repub lican that "the rise to power of so many negroes was entirely legitimate and proper" under the circumstances. "We are equally as certain that the event has demonstrated the IncapacUy of the negro politicians to hold office. However, these politicians are wholly responsible for the results some of them deplorable that have followed their failure to measure up to the standards of efficiency, integ rity and patriotism which are demanded from those who undertake the duties and responsibilities inseparable from public office. - We are not making these standards too high. We are well aware that there are many white office-holders who fall in the same category with the negro politic ians of North Carolina, but they are the exception, whereas the saturnalia which the North Carolina negroes inaugurated has no parallel in this country before or since the carpet-bag era. What is most singular Is that the North Carolina negro office-holders never for a moment realized that through them the capacity of their race for real citizenship was on trial. They paid no attention to the public at large, but plunged head long Into all sorts of excesses and cor rupt practices, and began to teach the white people a lesson in race hatred and Intolerance. The inevitable result followed when this condition of affairs became unendur able. Under the tutelage of the nesru office-holders tho black population began to arm itself and drill, the negro editors issued the vilest slanders against white women and the whole situation became so Inflamed that it is a wonder the Wil mington conflict was not more sanguin ary. The outcome of that situation is the temporary disfranchisement of the ne groes in North Carolina. This solution of a dangerous problem has the indoe ment of most of the respectable Repub licans 'of the state, of a majority of the Populists and of all except those who had hoped to gain office by means of negro votes. CALLED A FREE-TOADEn. Accnsation Against Roosevelt Con sidered and Resented. Lincoln Journal. In a burst of righteous indignation the Omaha World-Herald accuses Tddy Roosevelt of beihgt pestilent free-trader. It gathers this from a book that Theo dore wrote a few years ago, entitled, "The Life of Thomas H. Benton." In this book he says tha Thomas voted for protection though he was in his convictions a free trader, and says that it is a very com mon thing in American politics for a man to vote to suit" his constituents, as Ben ton did, and also 'Dalnel Webster. He also said that while a majority of the political economists believe protection to be wrong and ylcious, if the majority of the people in interest wish it, and It af fects only themselves, there Is no earthly roaspn why they should not have It. Which is, of course, about right in this country, where tho majority are sup posed to rule. The burden of tho World-Herald's charge against Theodore Is that he said that "political economists" meaning, of course, the professionals are free-traders as a general thing. That is undoubtedly true. Political economists, like other folks who try to make science without the proper mate rial, argue a priori, and undertake to cut everybody's coat with the same pattern. But th"e ordinary man wants a thing to fit him, and not an Ideal fellow, and that is where the apple cart of the political econ omist upsets in this country. He imagines that because in Great Brit ain, which was until lately the largest producer of manufactured articles in the world, and tho richest of nations, free trade has proved a good policy, it must be the best policy In America. But ex perience proved the opposite, and the peo ple Just naturally walked over the pro fessional political economist, with his a priori argument, and adopted the system that seemed adapted to the conditions of agriculture, commerce and manufactur ing as they existed here, and not as they happened to exist in Great Britain. When tho time comes that the conditions here are the same as In Great Britain, as they may be In the course of the years, the people will perceive it, for the people gen erally manage to find out about such things, and will change their revenue sys tem to meet them. If Teddy had said that most profes sional political economists were protec tionists, and that most political leaders have voted to suit themselves, and not their constituents, he would have simply lied, and the Governor isn't accustomed to toy with the truth in that way. The fact is that when a man adver tises himself as an expert political econ omist, he confesses himself a fraud, be cause he pretends that he is a scientific adept in a branch of human investigation that is not and never has been a "sci ence." As a "science" it ranks with the ology, metaphysics and sociology, the pro fessors of which have advanced just about as much in as the geologist has in his knowledge of the secrets of the ocean bed when he has picked up and analvzed a handful of pebbles on the beach." It Is about as much advanced today as was the "science" of medicine before the dis covery of microbes. Death of a Famous Woman Spy. Des Moines ReKister. Miss Bettle Van Lew, who died a few days ago at her home in Richmond, Va., was oi.e of the bravest soldiers General Grant ever had, and had you asked him at the close of tho Civil War which of his trusted spies sent him the most valuable and reliable information he" would have named this woman. Her father was a Northerner who settled in Richmond and amassed a large fortune in the hardware business. He bought a largo piece of property in the edge of the city and there built a magnificent home, one of the finest in all Virginia. When the war broke out Miss Van Lew mada no effort to conceal the fact that she was in sympathy with the Union but she re fused to leave her home, and declared she would stay there until the Yankees marched into Richmond. When Libby Prison was opened she spent hours there every day doing everything for the pris oners that was permitted. When Grant began to press Richmond, It was Miss Van Lew who sent him all his informa tion. An old negro truck gardener, who lived outside of Richmond a few miles, and was permitted to come into the city through the Confederate lines every morning, was the messenger. He was many times searched but nothing was found, for the hiding place of the Van Lew message was a skillfully constructed pocket In the sole of the old negro's boot. When Richmond was evacuated, General Grant sent a guard to protect the house of the woman who had done so much for the cause, and her most highly prized treasure was a pack of letters from the General, one of which, written at the conclusion of the war, told her that she deserved the thanks and gratitude of the Nation. Miss Van Lew engineered the scheme by which the body of Colonel Dahlgren was secretly taken out of Rich mond, and because of her wealth, in fluence and acquaintance was able to serve the Union In hundreds of Instances. She displayed wonderful bravery and en ergy on many of the expeditions she un dertook, and was never caught. In those days she was rich,, but her father lost his fortune in speculation and she died in poverty. j The Wage Earners on Bryan. Minneapolis Tribune. The Tribune is in receipt of a copy of the Journal and Wage Earners' Advocate, published at Central Falls, R. I., which is the organ of the working people of that region. In the issue received is a conspicuous article headed, "We Oppose Bryan," and assigning 11 reasons for such opposition. The first reason alleged is because Bryan favors the free coinage of silver Into 50-cent dollars almost wholly to pay off wage earners and thereby cut down their pay. This ja. reason enough why the whole body of wage earners should vote against him. but there are others, among which are the following: Bryan is opposed to all protsction of our farmers wool Industry which affords employment for an army of wage earn ers, he favors free trade mostly to glut our markets with foreign goods and thereby to rob 1.000,000 or 2.0CO.00Q laborers of jobs; he is opposed to restricting Im migration of those undesirable foreigners who come here and cut down wages; he favors oligarch minority rule in Kentucky and opposes majority rule there because the majority are mostly wage earners; he refuses to denounce the gigantic Tam many trust, controlled by imperial Dicta tor and Blackmailer Croker, while Augus tus Van Wyck, one of the delegates to nominate Bryan, has. through the ice trust, so cruelly swindled the poor and needy of New York. The wage earners are evidently not to be deceived by the hollow pretenses of the Kansas City platform. THE PRODUCTION OF GOLD leaves Little Room for tbe Necessity of Free Colnnse. Chicago Tribune. The Mining and Engineering Journal has published a revised statement of the world's production of gold for the year 1SSS, from which it appears that the value of the product for the year was J312.307.S19. The Australian mines- yielded gold of the value of $79,2C6,1S0; the Transvaal. 572,961, 501; the United States, $70,G9S,C21; Russia, $23,963,017; and Canada. 521,041,730. Of the gold production of the United States. Colo rado furnished $26,50S,7e5, and California, 514 SCO.000. Gold was coined by the United States mints during- the year ending on June CO. 1900, to the value of JIO7.937.10O, and the money of all kinds In circulation In this country on July 1, 1900. amounted to $2,062,425,436, a per capita circulation of $25 50, the highest on record. The gold product of the world since the discovery of America in 1492 has amount ed to $10,000,003,0.0. Far tho first 50 years of this century the world's product of gold was $757,463,000. During the 49 years from 1S51 to 1S99 it amounted to $6,659,711. 565, or two-thirds of the product of 407 years. The production of the first half of this century was only 26 times the product of the year 1S99. During the same 50 years the world'-s production of silver was $1,360,237,0"0, making an average an nual produce of gold and silver combined of $43,154,000. Those were the davs of the free and unlimited coinage of gold and silver, and the average annual output ot both metals combined was about one seventh of last year's product of gold alone. After the discovery of gold in California the world's product for the decade from 1S51-60 averaged 5123.29S.1C0 annually; from lS61-'70 it averaged $126, 301,500; 1S71-S0, $lla.0S1.400; 1SS1-90. $105,9S9. 200. Had this gradual but serious decline continued without Interruption It is hard to say what the consequences would have been, but the record of the last nine years of gold production has dispelled all fears of a lack of gold. The production of gold for those years has been as fol lows: 1591 $1SO,650,COOJ1S9S $2P2.6S2,3T0 1592 14!5 29S.O00 1S97 237.833.SS1 1893 157,194,S:01S9S :S6.8M,4S2 1894 1S1.175.C031S99 312,307,819 1895 198,763,6001 In view of these figures there Is noth ing surprising in the adoption of the sin gle gold standard by the United States, Japan, Russia, India, and other coun tries, but there is something silly if not criminal in the demand ot the Demo cratic platform of 1900 for the "immedi ate restoration of the free and unlim ited coinage of silver and gold at the present legal ratio of 16 to 1, without waiting for tho aid or consent of any other nation." The Deserted Wife. New York Sun. Mrs. Bressi, carrying her baby, came over to New York yesterday morning to consult a lawyer. She said that she had been annoyed so much that it was her Intention to engage counsel to put a stop to it. "As God is my Judge," she said, "if I had known the mission of my hus band to Italy I would have informed the police and caused his arrest. I would havo gone- so far as to cable to the Italian Government to arrest him as soon as ho set foot on Italian soil. This is my feeling in the matter. I sympathize with the poor widow of the King as much as any woman with a heart could sympa thize with another In sorrow. Still the police are dogging my footsteps, my neighbors scoff at me, and I have no ono but my little child to offer mo a word of comfort in my misery." MEN AND WOMEN. A French physician Dr. Hervleux. has made Investigations which Indicate that files spread smallpox. Mrs. Ulysses S. Grant and her daughter, Mrs. Nellie Grant Sartorls, will attend the Grand Army encampment In Cmcago. The Queen Resent of Spain has conferred the title of Marquis de Rlomunl on Senor Leon y Castillo, Spanish Ambassador to France. Tho Victoria Cross has been conferred upon Captain C. Mansel-Jones, ot the West York shire Reeiment, for bravery at the battle of Tuffela. Russia's Czarina has organized an association of Russian -women In reduced circumstances, who are almost constantly employed for em broidery for ecclesiastical purposes or for court dresses. The next Congress will include two men of the same name from Mississippi. The present member from the Sixth District is Patrick Henrv. and another Patrick Henry will repre sent the Third, for the last 15 years represented by General Thomas C. Catchings. Lord Roberts has notified the Tran3vaal mining companies that their employes cannot return to Johannesburs before September at the earliest. The Colonial Office declares that It will take a year beforp tho business can reach the same level as beforo the war. Great preparations are being made for the Sultan's silver jubilee on August SI, when he will have been 25 years on the throne. Poets and historians are busy writing accounts of all his pious works, and the great things he has done for his subjects. These will be trans lated and published In all languages. The Princess' Theater, of London, a house associated with the names of many famous players. Charles Kean, Charles Mathews, Dion Bouclcault, Charles Fechter, George Vlnlns and others, is to be converted Into a continuous variety house, tho first of it3 kind in London proper. The Sultan ot Turkey appreciates the Eu ropean drama. Some German actors recently gave a performance in his palace, according to a foreign paper. The Sultan wa to take his bath at tho time appointed for the performance to begin. But rather than miss It he had tho tub rolled into the room n which the actors were to appear, and so enjoyed the bath and the play together. i The Busy Man's Dream. Chicago News. The day was warm and the busy man sat in his ofilce chair; The beads bedecked his moist brow and curled his forward hair. And then went rolling down his cheek like little grains of sand. Until they took the stiffness ont of his white collar-band. The busy man pushed back his chair and walked across the floor. And tried to draw some water from'tha cooler by tho door; But It only trickled slowly In a slender, tiny stream. And the busr man sat on a stool and started In to dream. He dreamed that he was far away from torrid city heat. He dreamed that he stood at tho pole and saw the white bergs meet; And as they crunched and as they groaned and stood In the way, They splashed the sea and he was drenched with floods of Icy spray. And as he dreamed of polar seas and heard the lceberr3 fall. There came the postman's whistle down In the loner hall; And as he sprang up from the stool to see what he did leave. He found the cooler empty dad the contents up his sleeve. NOTE, Am COMMENT. Towne found out very suddenly that: he was not the paramount Issue. The Masamas are evidently persuaded that there Is lots of room at the top. Wo are not especially fond of horse meat, but what the French can eat wo can Has Bryan been extending the consent of tho governed to tho Democrats he has whipped into line? China Is a great graveyard, and! its greatness in that respect bids fair to increase very rapidly. Now doth the festive burglar maa Proceed to make a raise. And get our hard-earned money by His very taking- ways. Tt Is nearly time fcr a party of Boxer envoys to coma over and seek: the aid oC the great Democratic party. Ono Populist ought to be enough on a Presidential ticket. That is what Bryan thought when ho viewed the finish of his friend Towne. A new machine has been invented which will revolutionise tho salmon industry In a fow years, provided there is any salmon industry by that time to revolu tionise. President Harper having proved that a family can live on $300 a year, will now pass around tho hat that said families may drop the balance on hand into tha Chicago University endowment fund. Governor Roosevelt wishes to have it understood that his name should be pro nounced in the Dutch fashion, Ro-se-velt, and not Roo-se-velt, or Roos-felt. as it is often heard. In Dutch the doubling ot "o" Indicates merely a protraction ot its sound. In an Interview in London. Senator Clark says if ho gave anything at all to the Democratic campaign fund ho dia It privately. He would have saved him self considerable notoriety if he had fol lowed the same rule with his gifts to tho Montana Legislature. The news of the death of First Lieuten ant David G. Spurgin, Twenty-first In fantry, at Manila, recalls the, fact that a number of Army officers have lost thelt sons in the Philippines, where Lieutenant Spurgln's father, Lieutenant-Colonel Spurgin. Is now stationed as Collector of Customs at Manila. Among tho officers who have lost sons in the Philippines since the war began are Colonel H. G: Lazelle, retired; Captain F. A. Boutelle, retired; Major A. S. B. Keyes, retired; Major-General O. O. Howard, retired; Major C. W. Foster, rptlred, and Captain A. D. Schenck, Second Artillery. An old soldier who served In the Civil War says that he was well acquainted with Silas L. Bryan, the father of W. J. Bryan, In the town of Salem. HI., between the years of 1S81 and 1S63. He says S. L. Bryan was a lawyer and for soma time Judge of the Circuit Court at Salem. He was a bald-headed, sharp nosed old fellow, and in considerable de mand among the Democrats as a publio speaker. He was fluent and dogmatic, and W. J. Bryan inherited his "gift of gab" from him. He was a bitter copper head, and a prominent member Of tho Knights of the Golden Circle, a Demo cratic gang whose object was to sow dis affection among loyal men of the North and to "torment widows of Union sol diers." Every Union soldier and every loyal citizen hated the Knights of tho Golden Circle as the devil hates holy water, and those who are alive still have much tho same feeling. The late Lucius B. Chittenden, who was Register of the Treasury during Lincoln's Administration, alone knew the name of a mysterious benefactor of the United States during tho Civil War. Charles Francis Adams, who was then Minister to England, suspected that two Ironclads, which the Lairds were fitting up, woro destined for the Confederate service. Ha protested to the British Government, which would not detain the vessels unless Mr. Adams would deposit 1.030,000 to pro tect the owners from possible damages. Mr. Adams could not put up that amount of money, and the state of affairs was critical when a man called upon him and offered to loan the amount without se curity. He was made to take $10,000,000 in TTnitpd States Government bonds, how ever, and for 48 hours Mr. Chittenden worked without sleep, signing his name to the bonds in order that they might reach him In time. The name of this man was never divulged, but three years ago Mr. Chittenden told a Boston Globe reporter that a paper containing it would soma time be turned over to the State Depart ment. The Heathen Chlnee.t Bret Hacteji 7. (Written in 1870.) Which I wish to remark And my language is- plain That for ways that are dark. And for tricks that are vain. The heathen Chinee Is peculiar. "SVhich the same I would rise to explain. Ah Sin wa3 his name; And I shall not deny In regard to the same ( "What that name might imply, i But his smile It was pensive and childlike As I frequent remarked to Bill Nye, It was August the third; And quite soft was the skies; "Which it mizht be inferred That Ah Sin was likewise: Yet he played It that day upon "William m And mo In a way I despise. "Which we had a- small game, , And Ah Sin took a hand; -s It tv as euchre. The same He did not understand; But he smiled as he sat by the table, "With the smile that was childlike and blaad Yet the cards they were stocked In a way that I grieve. And my feelings were shocked At the state of Nye's sleeve; "Which was stuffed full of aces and bowers And the same with Intent to deceive. But the hands that were played By that heathen Chinee And the points that he made, "Were quite frightful to see; Till at last he put dawn a right bower. " "Which the same Nye had dealt unto moC s ' Then I looked up at Nye, And he gazed upon me; And he rose with a sigh, . And said. "Can this be? "We are ruined by Chinese cheap labor.; And he went for that heathen Chinee, f In the scene that ensued. I did not take a hand. " But the floor it was strewed Like tha leaves on the strand "With the cards Ah Sin had ben hiding". In the game "he did not understand." In his sleeves, which wtye long. He had twenty-four Jacks. "Which was coming it strong. Tet I state but the facts; And we found on his nails, which were taper. "What is frequent In tapers, that's wax. "Which Is why I remark And my language Is plain. That for ways that are dark. And for tricks that are vain. The heathen Chinee Is peculiar, "Which the same I am fre to matatafci