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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Aug. 9, 1900)
THE MOHNING OREGONIAN, THURSDAY, 'AUGUST 9, 1900. TUATION IS GRAVE Government Renews Its De mands Upon China. FOR A JQUARE-TOED COMPLIANCE minister Wa Believes the Firlnff Upon the Minister, la Done by Dlssrnntled Irreenlars. WASHINGTON, Aug. 8. The Chinese situation is considered very grave by the authorities in 'Washington. The receipt of the message from Minister Conger last night, -which indicated a continuation of firing: on the Legationers and the Gov ernment insistence that the Ministers should leave Peking which Mr. Conger considered -would mean certain death, brought matters to an acute stage. All day the Cabinet officers -who are in town have been -consulting with one another, and the President has been communi cated with by telegraph and telephone. Secretary Boot held two conferences with Attorney-General Griggs, and several with Acting Secretary of State Adee, and their views were communicated to the Presi dent. As a result, it was announced that a. .message to the Imperial Government at Pekin had been delivered to Minister "Wu for transmission to his government. The text of the message was prepared by Acting Secretary of State Adee and Secretary Root, and in its final form was made known to the President in a talk conducted by Mr. Root over the "White Souse long-distance telephone. It was then stated definitely that the authorities of this Government would not make pub tic the text of this latest communication to China until Minister "Wu had oppor tunity to forward it to his government. The :hlef officials of the Government were not willing to outline in any defi nite manner the contents of the message, although it was generally accepted that the communication was emphatic and to the point. Tho State Department sent a cipher cablegram to Minister Conger, responsive to his message made public last night, and Intended to test the assertion of the Chinese edict that free cipher communi cation would be allowed. The message sent to the Chinese Gov ernment through Minister "Wu, according to the best information obtainable, in forms that government that the removal of the restrictions upon communication with our Minister, evidenced both by the receipt of Mr. Conger's message and the transmission of the edict of the 5th, is very gratifying, but is not an entire com pliance with the original demands of the President in his reply to the appeal for mediation. The President in his original communication to the Emperor of China laid down three conditions precedent to any action looking to negotiations for the settlement of the differences between China and the powers. These conditions. In the President's own words, were as follows: "'1 most solemnly urge upon your Maj esty's Government to give public assur ance whether the foreign Ministers are alive, and, if so, la what condition. "To put the diplomatic representatives of the powers in immediate and free com munication with their respective govern ments, and to remove all dangers to their lives and liberty. "To place the Imperial authorities in China in communication with the relief expedition, so that co-operation may be secured between them for the liberation of the Legations and the protection of foreigners by the restoration of order." These three demands practically were reiterated in tho dispatch which Secre tary Hay sent to ConsuI-3eneral Good now, at Shanghai, August J, for submis sion to Li Hung Chang. Tho authorities consider that the opening of communica tion, with Minister Conger therefore only partially complies with the President's demands "With the Legationers still un der Are, the Chinese Government cannot be said to have "removed all dangers to their lives and liberty." and, moreover, so fax as known here, the Imperial au thorities of China have made no effort to communicate and co-operate with the re lief expedition. Thp new demand upon the Chinese Government Is for square toed compliance with these conditions. There is hope growing out of the fact that the Chinese Government has yielded partially, that when confronted with the tlrm position taken by the United States it will be sufficiently impressed to make complete acquiescence. This Govern ments determination, it Is hoped, will show the Chinese Government that the United States is not to be trifled with, and will bring the shifting, evasive authori ties in Pekin to a full realization of the situation and the consequence of refusal. Minister "Wu is plainly perturbed over Minister Conger's report that the Lega tloners were still under fire, but still con tended that his government was acting in good faith, and protested against a mis representation of the situation. Ho pointed out the; fact that the absence of artillery fire might indicate that there were no regular troops engaged In the assault, and that the rifle fire snokrn of by Mr. Conger simply might be the snip- ing of disgruntled, irregulars, who were engaged in guerrilla tactics. Two dispatches were received durlne the day one from Admiral Remey and tho other from General Chaffee. Both re lated to the fighting at Pelt Sang. Ad miral Remey's stated specifically that the Americans were not engaged, and General Chaffee's explained howTlt was that they practically were out of it. They occupied the rear of the turning column. Owing to the limited ground of operations, which he mentions. It Is probable that the Amer icans could not be brought Into the thick of the fighting, and thoy thus escaped without casualties. The fact that the American troops did not have an oppor tunity to distinguish themselves was something of a disappointment to the officials at the "War Department, but, knowing General Chaffee as they do, thev are confident that if his men were not en gaged it was because it was physically impossible to bring them Into action. The continued brilliant work of the Japanese, who Feem to have borne the brunt of the fighting at Polt Sang, as well as at Tien Tsin, attracts unstinted praise for the doughty warriors of the Mikado. Secretary Root said tonight that the events of the day had caused no change in the military situation so far as the advance on Pekin was concerned, and that no additional orders liad been sent to General Chaffee. The communication addressed to Mln- J ister u. to be by him sent to the Chinese Government, framed a a re sult of the conference between the Presi dent, Acting Secretary of State Adee. and Secretary Root, was handed to Min ister Wu at a late hour today It was given to him in person during a call he made at Mr. Adee's office. Mr. Adee tonight declined positively to make any statement as to the attitude of the com munication, but promised that it would be made public at U o'clock tomorrow morn ing This fact Mr. Adee announced after lie had spent an hour and a half at the ' iuie nourc in rurtner telegraphic or telephonic communication with the Pres ident at Canton. Mr. "Wu refused to say whether ho had received the communication handed him by the Acting Secretary of State, and. in reply to a note, he wrote: "I have no statement to make." Portland Money Goes to Titcoma. Tacoma News. The Tacoma Eastern Railroad Com pany has placed on record a mortgage ruinlng t tho Title Guarantee & Trust Company, trustee, of Portland. Or., for J30i,0Crt, for the purpose of providing means for the further extension and equipment of its line in a general south easterly direction about SO miles, and paying an indebtedness of $50,000 already incurred. The mortgage is comprehensive in Its scope, covering the roadway, right of way, depots and depot grounds, loco motives, passenger and freight cars and all rolling stock. Bonds are to be issued as the work progresses, at the rate of $20,000 a mile. The bonds are issued in denominations of $1000 each, bearing C per cent interest, and payable at Portland May 1, 1S05. WANTON AGGRESSIONS, Harshness and Arrognnce of For eigners In Deollns "With China. Guy Morrison "Walker in Leslie's Weekly. A cycle of Cathay has just elapsed since the doors of China were violently forced open by a "Christian" nation to admit the traffic in opium, the Importa tion of which, up to that time, had, by Chinese law, been a capital offense. For the opium war, which was forced upon her, a heavy indemnity was exacted from China and the cession of Hong Kong to Great Britain. The feeling of resentment aroused by these aggressions was shown by several minor insurrections, but cul- minaiea in tne great Tal Ping rebellion, begun in 1850, which all but shook the dynasty from its throne, and only failed because Its forces, corrupted by riotous living, gave up their high purpose of founding a new dynasty, and degenerated into a horde of robbers. The affair of the Arrow in 1S5S in which a Chinese officer arrested some pi rates from a boat that had formerly had a license to fly the British flag, but whose license had expired, was made the ex cuse for the French and English war of 1S59-C0. This war, marked by a desecration of temples and graves and the wanton destruction by the allies of ancient and sacred places, was closed by the wring ing of another heavy indemnity from Chi na and the cession of more territory to both the allies, while Russia seized the opportunity to possess herself of the im mense Ameer provinces. This was was also followed by widespread insurrec tions, particularly those in Kan Suh and Yunnan. These were followed by the French seizure of Tontjuin in 1867, the Japanese Invasion of Formosa in 1868, English advances from Burmah, and tho Russian occupation of-IU and Eastern Turkestan, which last was so unjust and brazen a piece of aggression that Russia herself acknowledged it and withdrew, relinquishing all claims to the territory by the treaty of 1S8L The harshness and arrogance of the foreigners In their dealings with the Chinese in local affairs precipitated fre quent trouble. The great massaern at Tien Tsin in 1870 was brought on by the arbitrary and unnecessary refusal of the French Consul to allow the Chinese mag istrate to Inspect the Catholic orphan asylum, with a view to discovering the cause of an epidemic that was raging therein. This was followed by the murder of Mr. Margary, the guide of the English expedition through Yunnan, and the ex action by England of an indemnity of 5250,000 for this single life. Then the French advance into Cochin China re sulted in the disastrous war of the Black Flags and the treacherous bombardment and destruction of the Chinese fleet by tho French Admiral Courbet in the river Min. Having requested and been allowed to pass the forts and occupy the Chinese naval anchorage, on the plea that it was unsafe for his fleet outside, he drew up alongside the Chinese fleet and, abso lutely without warning, opened fire upon It and literally blew it out of the water. The Japanese war had even less reason to Justify it China had scrupulously complied with the terms of her treaty. But Japan, with a serious (rebellion on her hands, needed something to divert the attention of her people from the troubles at home, and an opportunity to try out her new army. The results are known to all. China dost her an cient dependency of Korea, Japan re ceived: .Formosa and an indemnity that repaid her. four times over, for her outlay on account of the war. Russia, witn a diplomacy comparable only to that of a highwayman, secured Manchuria. Port Arthur, and the Liao Tung tPenlnsula, while England accepted the "lease" of Wei Hal "Wei. "Spheres of infience were then claimed by Great Britain, France, Russia and Japan, and finally Germany seized Kiao Chou and claimed for her sphere the Province of Shan Tung. Heretofore the claims and aggressions of the powers had been confined to out lying territories, but this last seizure, a piece of piracy that stands absolutely un equaled, was upon the sacred soil of one of the original IS provinces of the em pire. The effect upon the Chinese people of the seizure of this part of Shan Tuns:. the home of Chinese civilization, the birthplace of their greatest sages and warriors, can be compared only to the effect that a seizure of Bunker Hill and Boston Harbor would have upon us. In the seized territory the Chinese villagers were driven out, some from homes that had been in their families for over 2000 years, and received no compensation In return. In laying out the proposed rail road through Shan Tung the engineers be came offended at protesting villagers and, bringing up an armed force, completely exterminated two villages as a "warning" to others. The present outbreak of the Boxers, which began with the murder of Dr. Brooks, on January 2, was precipitated by a German engineer who brutally killed a boy by knocking him over the head with the handle of his ridlng-whtp. Nor is it strange that Chinese feellmr Bhould have been directed against the mission- arv in whose home this eneineer stnwrt that night without even mentioning the reason he sought shelter. Priests who came to teach religion have fitayed to usurp the functions of local magistrates. But it is useless to multiply incidents, for It is an unbroken tale of cpercion and bad faith, of ports forced open at the cannon's mouth, of exorbitant Indemni ties for the most insignificant claims, of rich concessions wrung from an unwilling government by duress, of the total disre gard of Chinese sentiment, and the bru tal outrage of Chinese feeling, of the ut ter Ignoring of private rights and inter national comity. In addition to this the sensational pa pers of Tien Tsin and Shanghai have for the past two years discussed little else but the coming "partition," and the probable "division" of the empire, until the natives have become thoroughly alarmed. No wonder the people have come to look with suspicion or hatred upon all foreigners, and are filled with resentment against a dynasty that has so failed to preserve the honor and In tegrity of the empire. Dynasties have lasted In China only as long as they have protected the people in their rights, and the present uprising is intent on either relieving the throne from foreign coercion or on establishing a new dynasty in its stead. Foreigners, as usual, have shown a disregard for es tablished customs and laws that they would not dare display in any other cap ital of the world. Guards sent to pro tect the legations have roamed about Pekin trespassing where Chinamen them selves are not allowed to go. creating disturbances and alarming the super stitious by the reckless discharge of fire arms from the city wall, while their reported attempt to enter the Forbidden City, those sacred precincts reserved ex clusively for the Son of Heaven, could not fall to inipn th rwnnl rind train recruits for the rebels. The bombardment of the Taku forts were worse than mistake; It was a crim inal blunder. They could have been taken as easily as they were, whenever the ne cessity arose. The Chinese Army would probably have prided itself on Its pro tection of the foreigners had the foreign forces shown their Intention to rely on that protection, but the action at Taku threw the entire Chlne-,e Army into the arms of the Boxers, and left the foreign colony in Pekin at the mercy of the mobs. They who have rowed the wind are reap ing the whirlwind, and the crimes and outrages of a cycle of dishonor have been wiped out In one of those blind out breaks of human rage, the final protest' of races against cumulating encroach ments on their rights. BRYAN HAS LOVE FEAST IMPERIALISM THE TEXT OF SPEECH LAST KIGHT. "Webster Davis Reiterates the Charge of a Secret Alliance "With Great Britain. INDIANAPOLIS, Aug. 8. The mass meeting held at Tomllnson Hall tonight was presided over by Carter H. Harrison, Mayor of Chicago, and addressed by Mr. Bryan and "Webster Davis. The meeting was not called to order until 8:C0, but the hall, which is a large one, was filled an hour before. Mr. Bryan was received with great applause when he arrived. In opening the meeting, Mr. Harrison made a brief speech. He said the people had gotten "tired of Mark Hanna and his gang of free-booters," and were turn ing to the Democratic party for relief. Mr. Harrison also referred in condemna tory terms to the operations of the trusts as the great and growing evil of the day and threatening the very existence of American Institutions. He denounced im perialism and militarism as repugnant to all who believe in a republican form of government. In conclusion, Mr. Harrison predicted the election of Mr. Bryan. He then Introduced Mr. Bryan. "When the applause which greeted Mr. Bryan had concluded, he said: "Mayor Harrison presides over the city second in size In the United States. "We have control of the city government of the largest city in Indiana. I am glad that we have that much in this cam paign, for, while we don't want any un lawful votes cast on our side, wo are glad to bo in a position to prevent their being cast on the other side. "We have control of the city governments of New York City and Buffalo, two of the largest cities of the State of New York. We have control of the city government of Jersey City; we have Baltimore; we have Cleveland, and in Toledo, although the Mayor does not call himself a Democrat, I know he won't let any Republicans, cheat in that city. "We have control of Louisville, Ky., Detroit, Milwaukee, Kan sas .City, Denver and San Francisco. It Is a great advantage to have control of the machinery in these great cities. "We have an advantage In this cam paign, a wonderful advantage, over the campaign of 1896, because then the papers were full of announcements of Demo crats who were leaving the party, and now It requires an expert mathematician to starid at the door and count them as they come back. This year wo have coming to your party people who now see tho dangerous tendencies of the Re publican party, although they did not see those tendencies in 1896. "I believe that on the old questions we are stronger this year than we were in 1S96. I believe that if there were no new questions we would be able to wage a successful contest against the Republi can party. It Is on the defensive on every question before the American peo ple. It pretends it wants to discuss the money question. I promise you that be fore the campaign is over the Republi can leaders will be as much afraid of the sliver question as they are of Im perialism. (Great applause and cheering.) There is not a question upon which they dare to Btate their position and invite the Judgment of the American people. (Great applause.) "The Republican party today dares not defend its policy in the Philippine Isl ands. The Republican party today Is re sponsible for every drop of blood drawn from an American soldier in the Philip pines, or drawn by an American soldier. (Long and continued applause.) .There never was any occasion for war in the Philippine Islands. (Applause and cheer ing.) There never would have been war in the Philippine Islands if the Republi can party had dealt with tho Filipinos according to American principles The Republican party refused to recognize the binding force of the Declaration of Inde pendence In Its dealings with the Filipi nos, and the Republican party, that had placed the dollar above the man In Its domestic legislative policy, placed the dol lar abovo the human lives In dealing with the Filipinos." (Applause.) The speaker declared that the Repub lican party has been continuing the war becauso It wants to make money out of Its colonial policy. Said he: ""When the Republicans come Into their campaign to defend the Philippine policy, you daro to defend it on the ground that It will pay. If they say it pays to sacri fice our soldiers and kill other people In order to gain trade, tell them that you are not willing to trade one American boy for all the trade of the Orient. To day Republicans tell us that we are go ing to be good to the Filipinos; that we are going to give them such a measure of liberty as they are able to enjoy; that we aro going to measure their capacity and fill their little cups full of liberty for each. "We insist that liberty Is not the gift of human government, but is the gift of God himself." Mr. Bryan was followed by Hon. Webster Davis, who was received with applause second only to that accorded to Mr. Bryan. Mr. Davis confined himself largely to an attack upon the attitude of tho Administration toward the Boers. He made the charge that there was a secret alliance between the Governments of the United States and Great Britain. PRESERVING THE TREES. Action of Eastern Stntea in Connec tion With the Government. Philadelphia Public Ledger. The Pennsylvania Legislature has au thorized the location of certain forestry reservations upon waters draining Into the Delaware Susquehanna and Ohio Rlyers, and legislation has been passed in recent years for the preservation of our forests by a more systematic method of saving them from destruction by fire, and by lowering the taxation on wood land; but the state Is still far behind some other states in legislation of this nature. The New York Forestry Commis sion has recently asked the division of for estry of the Federal Department of Agri culture to investigate the great forestry reservation of that state, to determine whether the preserve can be managed so as to produce a regular revenue without diminishing the timber yield of the future. The fire problem will receive expert at tention, and the hydrographer of the United States Geological Survey will fix the wooded areas, which will require spe cial protection with reference to the maintenance of the water supply. This is the first time that the skilled and ex perienced Federal forestry authorities have cp-operated with a state government in the" matter of forestry preservation. The report of the highly important inves tigation will be made to the Legislature of 1901. A constitutional amendment was passed In 1S91 prohibiting the cutting of' timber in the reservation, and In 1896 the proposition to repeal It was defeated by a heavy majority. The forthcoming report, if convincing, may lead to the repeal of the amendment. At any rate, it will contain valuable in formation and suggestions for states where the preservation of forest areas is a science very Imperfectly understood. Aside from the retention of vast con tinuous forest areas, certain states, nota bly Massachusetts, have enacted promis ing laws for the protection p" roadside trees. By the act of 1SS9 every town in Massachusetts Is required to elect a war den to give attention to the trees. Many towns have appropriated considerable sums for street tree planting under the direction of the wardens. Authoritative manuals as to the duties of wardens, with suggestions for pruning and planting, have been freely distributed throughout the state by the Forestry Association. The Massachusetts Stte Board of Agri culture Is directed on the application of the local authorities to furnish to cities and towns "M spikes," which are driven into trees which the authorities desire to save. If any one injures or destroys a tree thus identified, he subjects himself to a fine ranging from 55 to $100. One tree In every 30 feet, and of a diameter of an inch or more, may be thus marked for preservation. By a simple device the nail is made plainly visible, and can be re placed, if necessary. A correspondent of the Boston Transcript says that to the beginning of the present year 200.000 of these nails have been distributed by the Board of Agriculture, or at the rate of about 10.000 a year, since the law was passed. In 1S99, applications came trom 50 towns for more than 50,000 of the mark ers. These requests came chiefly from rural communities. Indicating, says the correspondent, "a cessation of the old practice of cutting everything down to the traveled highway." The wide, beautifully shaded streets of the New England"" villages excite the ad miration of the visitor. , In no portion of the country Is more' intelligent and faith ful attention given ,to tree culture. In most Pennsylvania cpmmunities the shade tree by the pathside is left to the mercy of the tree butcher, and few townships, villages, boroughs or even cities have made any appropriation for the method ical shading of streets or roads. WHY COWAN -WAS DROPPED Conduct of Affairs at Warm Springs Was Unsatisfactory. "WASHINGTON, Aug. 5. The Hon. James L. Cowan, late Indian Agent at "Warm Springs, Or., evidently belongs to that class of irrepressibles who never know when they are well off. In the latter part of June, the "Washington dis patches to The Oregonian stated that Con gress having failed to make provision for an Indian Agent at Warm Springs, that office would be discontinued after the 1st of July, and the agency would be placed in charge of a bonded superinten dent, as is done in .many cases where the business of an Indian agency is not great. The natural inference was that tho agent at Warm Ejprings would be dropped when thet fiscal year drew to a close. With such' a statement as that tho matter was dismissed. Following that came a most abusive letter from this same Cowan, in which he took occasion to .rip the Washington correspondent In most violent terms, and then went on to rave ,and roar, Eaylng he would an appeal to the President and demand his rights. Following this letter published In The Oregonian, Cowan ad dressed a similar letter to the Commis sioner of Indian Affairs. Ho complained that he had been unjustly treated, and that the Indian Office had no authority to discontinue the offlpe of agent at Warm Springs. He wont further and "demanded that Justice be done," which it is assumed means that he demanded reinstatement. The fact is, as has been stated be fore, that Congress by direct legislation discontinued tho office of Indian Agent at Warm Springs, and the appropriation that has heretofore been made for that offi cer was omltfed from the Indian appro priation bill this year, leaving no doubt but what Congress was convinced that an agent was not needed at Warm Springs. But, more than this, there was a general provision in the Indian .bill which states that when the Commissioner of Indian Affairs shall deem iti expedient to dis pense with the services of an Indian Agent, and place any agency in the con trol of a bonded superintendent, he shall havo full authority to take this action. So, in point of authority and right, the Indian Office has plenty of good and suffi cient backing, and Mr. Cowan's note was shortly but politely answered to this ef fect. As a matter of fact, during the past Winter, Represntatlve Moody received ap plication after application from "persons in all parts of Oregon, and even one from Idaho, asking for the appointment as Indian Agent at Warm Springs. These people well knew that there was gen eral dissatisfaction with the way In which Cowan was conducting his office, and ur gent requests were frequently made, to have him remqved, .and a-, new man ap pointed. Out of leqiency, however, and because Cowan's term of. office would ex pire by limitation in January, 1901, had further provision been made for such of fice, Representative Moody declined to recommend a change, and Cowan was allowed to remain. It was while all this was going on that difficulties arose between Cowan and the Superintendent of Schools at Warm Springs, and both men, In a huff, packed up and came on to Washington, each pre ferring charges against the other, in the hopes of having him dismissed. This trip was at their own expense, and after both had unburdened themselves to the Indian Office, they packed off home again, none the better for their Jaunt. Cowan and the Superintendent both conferred with the members of the Oregon delega tion while here, each contending for his point, but neither securing any promises or assurances. Soon after their return to Oregon, to avoid further difficulties, the Indian Office decided to transfer the Su perintendent, who is a man of good stand ing in the service, and he was given a new assignment, with an Increase of sal ary. This change was not made because of Cowan's charges, but because the In dian Office desired to preserve peace, if possible, and repay the Superintendent for the annoyance and embarrassment he had suffered. These, briefly, are the real facts of the case. The Indian Office has for some time been considering the advisability of discontinuing the office of Indian Agent at Warm Springs, but had it not been for the erratic conduct of Cowan, and tho ferocity with which he attacked his Superintendent and others, the office might have been continued for two years or more, or at least to the end of his appointed term. Cowan himself is alone responsible for the discontinuance of the office .on the 1st of July last, for dis continuance was ordered by Congress on recommendation of the Indian Office. Up to this time Cowan has been let down quite easily, and it was not the Intention to mention the disagreeable features of tho matter. Had it been necessary, Cow an could easily have been Removed on charges that were filed against -him In the department, but this feature of the case was overlooked. The truth of the matter Is that he does not reallv appre ciate his generous treatment, and Is not man enough to be grateful for the cour tesy that has been extended to a man in his position. Closed to the Public. Chicago Chronicle. The beautiful forest known a3 the Wild Park, the property of the Kaiser, at Pots dam, will probably be closed to the public in a short time forever. For this the rowdy Berliners have only themselves to thank. Against the regulations thewoads are made hideous -with paper In which provisions have been wrapped and the deer are continually being frightened by the catcalls of the rowdy crowds. The re spectable few who love the forest for Its rare beauty will have to suffer for the rough doing of the mass. Bressl's Act Denounced. PORTLAND, Aug. C CTo the Editor.) At a meeting of the Social Democratic party, branch No. 1, Portland, resolu tions denouncing the act of the assassin. Bressl. who murdered Humbert. King of Italy, were unanimously approved and passed. The Socialists believe only In law and order and the peaceful revolution of the present Industrial system, legally and without resort to violence or disorder. J. D. STEVENS. Sec. Pro Tem. Xot So Bad a Reported. AMITY. Or., Aug. S. The report from McMlnnville In yesterday's Oregonian tnat the yield of wneat on tho Ladd & Reed farm, near Amity, was only 3 bushels per acre is an error, as there has Jfceen only a small amount threshed, and the yield is reported by Mr. Thomason, the manager, to be 15 .bushels per acre. TELEGRAPHS OE ALASKA SYSTEM FROM VALUES TO CAPE NOME UNDER CONSTRUCTION. ISO Miles of. Cable to Be in Operation Next Month bnt Land Lines Will Take a Year Longer. WASHINGTON, Aug. 5. By the end of the next open season In Alaska, that territory will have a completed tele graph system all its own, commencing at Valdes, running overland to the Yukon, down the Yukon Valley to Unalaklik, and by cable to St. Michael and Cape Nome, two separate cables supplying these two points. The object of this telegraphic system is primarily to bring all of tho military stations in Alaska into easy com munication with one another, and at the same time have the wires available for private and commercial use but under the control of the government. The line which runs down the Yukon Valley will first run to Unalaklik, which Is on the mainland a short distance to the northeastward of St. Michael, and thence by submarine cable to St. Michael, this being tho shortest route. The submarine cables to Nome and St. Michael will bo about 150 miles in length, and by tho terms of the contract, which is now be ing carried ,out, will bo in position and ready for operation by September 15. The contract for constructing, laying and operating for SO days these cables was let to the W, R. Bllcks Cable Company, of Seymore, Conn. At the end of CO days trial, if everything is satisfactory, the cablo will be turned over to the Gov ernment, and be operated, by officers of the Signal Corps, who are now superin tending the installation of the telegraphic system. By tho end of the closed season thl Fall tho Chief Signal Officer hopes to see at least 400 miles of the overland lines placed In position and ready for operation. The hard Alaskan Winters will neces sitate the suspension of operations through the Winter months, but work will be resumed as early as possible In the Spring. However, when, field opera tions have been interrupted, the materials for completing the overland line will be gathered together and be in readiness for pushing the work In the field when the season again opens. It Is Intended, to lay the line in stretches of about 250 miles each, with relay stations at convenient points, at military stations or posts, whero possible. An Interesting feature entering Into the construction of this overland line is that on account of the extremely cold Win ters it has been determined not to use the ordinary cell batteries for supplying the current, as is done on most tele graph lines, becauso the liquid solution would freezo and render the line valuo less. Instead, generators will be in stalled at Intervals along the line, where, small dynamos will be operated by coal oil engines, and thu3 supply a current that can be relied upon at all times, or as long as the supply of fuel is not ex hausted. These engines require but lit tle fuel, and can bo operated cheaply. In case of accident, however, the relay sta tions are to be equipped with materials for putting in operation the gravity bat teries, although there will hardly be any call f jr them, unless it" be during the Summer season, when there Is no danger from freezing. The object of these extra precautions . is to insure a telegraph sys tem which will be reliable at all times and under all circumstances. The total sum appropriated for the tele graph system Is ?450,000, and the cost of the two short submarine cables, made, laid and in running order, including shore ends and stations, is $90,000 in round num bers. Payment for this part of the work will bo made when the cables shall have been accepted. DEFERS TO MILES. Secretary of "War Prefers Practical to Theoretical ICnowledsc. WASHINGTON. Aug. 5. It would bo an Interesting occasion If the time should come when the Commanding Goneral of the Army and the Ordnance Bureau of the Army would' be In complete harmony and agreement. General Miles, who is a well-equipped officer, thoroughly ac quainted with the needs of the Army, and keeps abreast of the times and un derstands what is going on throughout the world, has constant disagreements with the Ordnance Bureau. Perhaps this should not be extended to the Ordnance Bureau under former management, hut under tho present Chief of Ordnance, who seems to be an adept in getting himself into all kinds of rows, so that there is constant friction. The fact is, General Allies Is a part of the Board of Ordnance and Fortifications, and as a usual thing this board cannot do things satisfactorily to the Chief of Ordnance of the War De partment. It is another case where a staff officer thinks he knows much more than a line officer, and who Insists that his technical knowledge of the manufac ture of ordnance should weigh more than the practical knowledge of a soldier who sees every side of all conditions. It de veloped before the close of the last Con gress that the present Chief of Ordnance seemed to have a decided Inclination to r oppose everything recommended by Gen eral Allies. it nas happened, however, that during the Spanish War, tho fight ing in the Philippines, and even in the Chinese War, the recommendations of General Miles have been of such a prac tical character that the Secretary of War, who looks at things from a practical standpoint has supported Miles and has turned down the Chief ot Ordnance. This, of course, makes the ordnance officers very sore, but at the same time they are compelled to bow to the final orders ot the Secretary of War. In this connection it It noticed that the Secretary of War relies quite thoroughly upon General Miles for advice on matters pertaining to ordnance and other departments of the Army. Although this makes the start somewhat Indignant, they have to con ceal their indignation as best they can. for the Secretary believes in practical knowledge which General Mile3 has in Army affairs. There Are Two Hent Centers. Newcastle (Eng.) Chronicle. The eastern and western shores of the Atlantic Ocean afford a very striking il lustration of the variations of tempera ture from the line which theoretically should prevail. On the American Conti nent the effects of Isolation and radia tion, have free play, and as a result great diversities of climate are experienced within a comparatively short length of country; places only a few hundred miles apart exhibiting great differences be tween their mean annual temperatures. No such diversity exists on the eastern side of the Atlantic, there being only about one-half the variety of mean an nual temperatures in an equal line of coast- line that exists on the opposite side of the ocean. The Gulf Stream is responsible for the stability of the cli mate of the British Isles, but there are other Instances where an ocean reduces tho temperature in accordance with its latitude, the decrease of temperature from the equator to the poles being more rapid than under existing conditions. Not only does the heat equator not In clude the geograohlcal equator, but the heat equator changesMts position and migrates from ono place to another. Circuit Conrt nt Engcne. EUGENE, Or.. Aug. S. Judge Hamilton convened an adjourned term of the Cir cuit Court this afternoon for the purpose of hearing some cases that were left over from the last regular term. The ase of Knox-A's. KIncald. an election contest for the County Judgeship, is now on trial. Several witnesses were examined, being called by plaintiff to show that certain ballots were rejected on the count. It was then proposed to Introduce the bal lots In evidence. To this there was strong objection. The afternoon closed with counsel arguing on the admission. THE SPEAKER IN A WRECK Private Car of Hon. D. B. Henderson Bumped Off the Tracic Near Hugo. Ashland Tidings. The Oregon express, which left Ashland a trifle late Monday evening, met with an accident near Hugo. After leaving Grant's Pass about 7 o'clock, tho heavy train continued to lose time. Behind and fol lowing the express was a light engine under charge of Engineer Bert Pitt, which was proceeding on orders from urants Pass to Roseburg. In rounding a sharp curve In a deep cut about two miles south of Hugo, the light engine collided with the rear car on the north bound passenger. This car was a private one of the Chicago &; Northwestern line, and was occupied by Speaker D. B. Hen derson and party, en route to Portland from Los Angeles. The rear axle of the private car was badly sprung, and the nine passengers in the car were given quito a shaking up. Speaker Henderson and party were transferred to a Pullman coach, continuing on their way. Passen ger trains 11 and 12 were delayed several hours by the accident. The private car of Speaker Henderson, after being re paired at Hugo, was sent on north this morning by a special train. What might have proven a most seri ous accident was averted In this tall-end collision by the use of the new automatic coupler the law regarding the compulsory use of which, that had been passed by the last session of Congress, went into effect on the 1st Inst. Thus Speaker Henderson had a most important object-lesson of the good results of legislation of the Congress over which ho presided. AT THE HOTELS. THE PORTLAND. B J Davis, N Y N 33 Adams. Vt J D Armour. Ont Countess ot Montsofe, Cairo, Egypt J B .Eccleston and wf, liuffalo. N T M M Williams. Denven Miss Ada B Curtis. Portland. Me E P Walte. city A E Wllzln. ctty Miss B E Nelson. R 1? IT Todd. P.-MnHonn P P Kelly, Seattle IP W Adams, San Fra G H Haves. Victoria it? "P Vln.m.n x v W, F?Len N Y, F s w,bb- Llvermoro GO Albright and wf.JA L Choufer. San Jose Ailentown. Pa MIss R Beardsley. S P Margaret Albright. dotW K Roger. San Fran F H Hersh and wf, do Miss E Jackson. S F Ruth Hersh. do Miss C D Judson. S F H C Prussy. Phlla G J W Stark. S T C l'rankenthal, N Y Mrs Geo Stark. S P G A Splccr, Chicago L B Wede. San Fran R toomervllle. -Kite and Mrs E E Walker. Oak two daughters. Chgol land uta u weuora. im-s B Boardman. do Woodstock J T Potts. Oakland Cha Searle, Cal P V. Bullock. Chicago J E Nolan, wife and child. Chlcasro J P Cornish and rf, Omaha O W Henderson. San Jose. Cal W R Do Gruehy, S P W L Valentine. Los James Jerome. S F H TClflhpr Tftinmfi Angeies in J Dovoll. -Walla W C Dlllman, Milwaukee Wm Rudd. Chicago F, Morrill. Denver C H Callender. Knapp H 11 Kooser, wife andl ton n.ald. Salt Lake R A Smith. Falrhaven Hlal 9 R, p??s,,all. doD K Lord. Talrhaven E 2T Judd. Pendleton S Elmore. Astoria F P Bennett and wife.lJ al Berry. Baker Cltr Boston j Columbia River Scenery. Regulator Line steamers', from Oak street dock, daily, except Sundays. Tho Dalles, Hood Illver, Cnncade Lock", and return. Call on, or 'fone Agent for further information. THE PERKINS. O G- Falrchlld Cal J ti A Bowlby. Astoria wiaG CaI. l N Miller. Orient Fred Foster, cltr iWm M Boots. Mon- w E Newson. Rainier I mmith c esV Pt 4Townsnd:fJ p Tamlesle. Hillsboro S J ; S'. ' 'Kav.i jucintyre, S F R Wilson, city J T Lawson. San r W J Conners. Chllla- TVnn Geo R Org. San Tran 6 il Wolf. Salt Lake E t, Perrv and wife. Eilensburg. Wash V Crawford, tvlfo und tour children. Heppnr A L Schooley. Oakland L F Hall. Son Fran T Wolf. San Fran J B Osborn. Cal Mrs J B Osborn. Cal Master Oshom. r.n wait, B c C Butler Port Town send J W French, Dalles J P Manlfee. S P J Clusy. Pomeroy C Jack, Jr, Hlll3boro N C McCormack, S F R Greene. St Paul Mr il V Bolton ai d two children, I?alles Mrs J "W French, do T Bondman, Baker City I R O'Brien. Wardner J T Collins. Duluth. Mrs P F Kramer. Ta- J O Schas. Jordan Vly coma K V.rayV "unt'neton E O Keefe. Cartage A .luarshall. Astoria Mrs E O Keefe, do ?J" A Marshall, do IR M Sharer,. Wash Mrs E O Maloney. rl Mether. clty asmngion, U U W H Thomas. Carbon T u Condon. Antal3pe dale. Wash Mrs T G Condon, do iFied Carter, Dalles tk. Sallcas IH L Henderson. Aitora C -Ullklns. wife rnd W P T'lnans, Walla two children, tlma-l Walla. Wash tllla Agency IE F Wlnans. do McChesney. Omaha W E Doylo. Wichita Mi? " 9. "K'lWanw, IT Sbaufe and wife, , Morp, Or j stlvcrton Mrs L K Mooro, Morof THE IMPERIAL. C. W. Knowles, Manager. C S West, Bridal VeIlC A West. St Louis J UNye. city IF I. Crang. Astoria R Gibson. Astoria (Miss E McCov. Mlnne P Barnett. Spokani) I apolis, Minn :, U:V' HlnnPc,I3iJ11',3 L McCoy. Algont H Harklns. Seattle J L Warner. Tacoma S XV v'f3', sa"1s !s ers. San Fram'seo H C McKInley, La. ij Bins. St LouU orosse ns iMn R Gilhrt SnTom R J Jennlngi. Bohemia Geo C L Goodman, J n Jlark. Chicago Mrs J i OlarK. do J tliirl'h. Bofton nonoiuiu Mrs Goodmin. do Chas Zelmer. T J i'lss G Browning. S r, D V Stuart. San Fran .ll D Browning, CoEC Haywood, Corvallis l u niavin, iromona 'ti .fcrwin. Corvallis P r "orter San Fran U 3 Meyers. San Fran C li Grren, San FrantMrs Meers, San Fran It C Judson. city C iilurray, San Fran 3 B Snyler. San rrnnfMrs V Jefklns. S P t: N Carter. Or City .Mm Jefklns. San Fran J jI Smith, Astoria Mrs N E Cousins, Ala- -K" P Watnwrlrht. U jMIrs a CouMns. do "' omul!, .txioria l ineaa. uai S Army IA M B.alcsr Purtlnn A Cannon. Albany IF Larson. Winnipeg Mi George McCoy, ID Brower, Grant's Pa Napavine, Wash M!s Brower, do E H Burdick, Eager-IWm Gorman. Stella ton. Wis h W Cottle. San rran Mrs Uurdlck, do iA Dunbar. Astoria Jos T Lee. Astoria (Mrs J C Mai a. "do Mrs G A Nelson. As- iMrs W L Chutler. do t.rrn I toria I BT. CHARLES. J H Gorman, Duns- J W Dalton. Astoria inuir, i;ai fituKii nosuc, tonaoni K W Grlsble, city Mrs Grlsble. city iAIIsi rj TT 7i.. tr-i Mrs G H West. Krlso! Mr N P Strain, do G West. Kelso A W Gates, Ilwaco Mrs Gates .Ilwaco Mm F S Edwards, cit T R Wakeman, Sllvrtn Mrs Wakeman. Sllvrtn Mrs C W McLean and A J Sherard. Sclo nurse, Walla Walla Miss McLean, do G B Miller. Salem W S Richards, Ind E Miller. Rainier D M, Shanks. Astoria C E McFarland, Wat- erford L G Dlx. Goldendala F M Alton, city Wm Fredenberg, Ilweo i V Tamlesle. Hlllsbro Mrs iTeuenberg, 11- aco A C H Moore, do A L Stephrens, Burton B West, Scappoose L t. Paulson. Etna R Sanders, Aberdeen P Sandell. Salt Lako E B Smith. Salem Brice Doris. Knoxvllle, Tenn Mrs Doris, do S A Skinner, Vncvr, W Wm Adklns, Salem C L Fostem, Hood Rvr Dr G W Easterbrook. Oceanslde J 13 Morris. Newhwr Clayton Moore, do C R Smith. Astoria Thos Llnvllle. do E M Houghton, do John Naze, Hubbard W Wellman. James town. S D Chas Richardson. St Helens R -fellatran. Newhere S T Leabo. cltv O F Leabo. city Geo Ogden. KaJama W E Bush. Kalama J Taylor. Etna J Hughes. Oriel H O Scofleld. Olympla R C Toeth. Astoria J Johnson, do N Janon, do Dick Turpln, Marsh field Mrs Dick Turpln. do Dell Delanny, do John Flaherty, do C G Rays, do Fred Hagelsteln, do M A riaherty. do Mrs Flaherty, do MIsa Miller, do J H McLellan, do H H Clark. Warren Mrs Clark, do H Mills. Humboldt W c5 Knlrht. Eureka P X Mitchell. Baker City H 41 Spencer, do Mri ripencer. do C Jackson. Salm Mrs Jackson, do (Mrs S P Welst. Stella v j j-.n.uepaE', corDett u it bnaw. Cleone C L Hallar. Latourell B Che'holn.. Astoria H hl-:.-K. city Mrs F A Bullock. Il waco J Johnson, Newberg W W Page. Carson N I Guild. Woodland R M Heath. Park Plea J M uriaith. Salem Anna L Patterson. The Dalles P H Henley. Salem J Stanley. San Fran B Million. Woodburn J T Mitchell. Condon A Barr. Clatskanle l; .h-nerstlng. unararocg iW Webb. Aberdeen Hotel Drnnswlclr. Seattle. European; Crst class. Rates, 70c and up. block from depot. Restaurant next door. Oa Tncomn Ilotel, Tacoma. American plan Rates, J3 and up. Donnelly Hotel, Tacoma. European plan. Rates. 50c and up. New Fontznantcr r.t Wb.lteon. J&AaS8S?uJna5 Whiteson, Or., vice E. M. Garrison, dead. KING'S BODY AT CAPITAL ITALIAN PEOPLE SHOWED SIGXS OF SORROW AND LOYALTY. Victor Emmanuel Il-WiH Receive the Ministers Sunday to Sljrn Their Orders. ROME, Aug. S. The funeral train bear ing the remains of King Humbert left Monsa at 4:2S P. M.. accompanied by the Duke of Aosta. the Count of Turin and the Duke of Oporto. A large crowd wit nessed its departure in silence. At 4-40 the train reached Milan, where all ths authorities and an immense crowd was assembled at tho railway station. The widowed Queen and Princess Maria Pia arrived here at J o'clock this even ing. In accordance with the former's de sire, there was no reception at the depot. The party proceeded at once to the Qulr mal, escorted by culrasseur3, the spec tators along the route bowing their heads respectfully. People from the various cities and towns through which tho train passed, say the populace displayed signs of the deepest sorrow and of loyalty The decoration of Rome Is almost com pleted, and already tho scene Is extraor dinary. The bells wore tolled as the coffin was taken from the- royal villa. On the coffin, which was covered with red vel vet, was the helmet of the dead. King and an Italian flag. Kinc Victor in Rome. ROMTL Aug. S. King Victor Emmanuel ni and Queen Helene arrived here this morning. They were received by the Ministers, the Presidents of the Senate and Chamber of Deputies, many Senators and Deputies, and all the civil and mili tary authorities. Tho sovereigns went Immediately to the Qulrinal. During their passage through the streets tho crowds present uncovered their heads. King Victor Emmanuel received the for eign Princes this evening, and will re ceive the 'Ministers for the first time Sun day for the signing ot decrees. "WILL ACT WITH WESTERS POWERS No Yellow Peril So Far as Japan Is Concerned. YOKOHAMA. July 27. via Victoria, B. C.. Aug .S. The messages which havo passed between the two Emperors, or rather between whatever power has the reins at Pekin and the Emperor of Japan, are the subject ot universal though somewhat puzzled comment. The reply of Japan's sovereign is everywhere praised and is Interpreted as a direct and dignified resolve on the part of this Government to cast its lot unreservedly with the Western powers as the only way to secure peace in the Orient. It is plain that if there Is to he a "yellow peril," Japan will not be In the least degree tinged with that cojor. In marked contrast to the morale of the Japanese Army Is to be placed the evil reputation which the behavior of the Cossacks has fastened on the Rus sian troops. Horrible stories are rife of their savage ferocity and unrestrained looting propensities which made them a terror to the foreign residents of Tien Tsin during the sleg-. Numerous in stances ore related of their slaughter of faithful Chinese servants In the very presence of their masters and the story of their massacre of 200 coolies who were coming up the river for the service of the Europeans is now proved to be lit erally true. Opinions are beginning to be freely ex pressed that the attack on tho Taku forts, or rather the ultimatum which led to it, was a blunder. If this was Indeed the case. It Is felt by many Americans that Admiral Kempff, In withdrawing his consent to the act, and refusing to take part with the allies, should bo en titled to the utmost credit for his course, which Indicated the very highest kind Of courage on his part. While- there has been a notable ab sence of earthquakes for the last fort night, a fierce volcanic eruption ,has taken place In the vicinity of the place where. 10 years ago, the greater part of Mount Bandalsan was hurled into the air. Azuma Yama wa? the scene of an aw ful explosion last week, a sulphur fac tory employing about a hundred hands being suddenly annihilated by a subter ranean explosion. Only 20 of the hands escaped. The fall of debris covered the ground two feet deep at a distance of four miles from the center of the dis turbance. Member of In dm trial Commission. WASHINGTON. Aug. 8. The President has appointed- Danl1! A. Tompkins, of North Carolina, a member of the Indus trial Commission, to succeed Ellison A. Smythe, resigned. Mr. Tompkins is large ly Identified with the cotton Interests of the South and Is one of the principal owners of thp Charlotte Observer. A HEALTHY Makes pure blood, vigorous nerves a strong body. Hoatetter's Stomach Blttera strengthens weak stomachs. An ecca rlonal deso will keep the bowels active. Taken regularly. It will cure Indigestion, constipation, dyspepsia, biliousness. Inact ive liver or kidneys, malaria, fever and ague. It will cure you. Sco that a Pri vate Revcarae Stamu covers th seek of the bottle. HOSTETTER'S BITTERS. It Has No Superior. Positively cured Xy these Iiittle Pills. They also relieve Dfetress from Drspepii Indigestion and Too Hear h.j Eatln j. A per fect remedy for Dizziness Nausea, Drotd. Cess, Bad Taste In the Mouth, Coated Tcngua Pain in the Side, TORPID LIVER. Tbpn Regulate the Bowels. Purely Vegetable. mall Ml!. Small Dom grH WHC9 C'."iw. iir.siasasg