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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (Aug. 4, 1900)
'""? rOTtNTXG OHEGOXIAK, SATURDAY. AUGUST 4, 1900. he zgg$mtm Entered sx tne PostcSce at Portland. Oregon. a eeeand-class matter. TELEPHONES. Editorial Room....ie6l Businesa 03ce....657 REVISED SUBSCREKTION BATES. Br Unit DGoiatre -nnrnatt't. In Jkdvnc D&..J wttbSunday, per Taontb... ........ -.$0 S3 amu.?. atmo&y excepted, per Tear-.... . v Xaj -with Sunday, per year.......-. 8 00 Suca nfvccr .....2 00 iTlx Skjf jer year ...... . 1 & The TVk. 3 mmibs....... ..... CO Dally, per -week, delivered. Sunday exoepted.l5c I Dm', per week, delivered. Sundays lacludsL20c POSTAGE KATES, t" nlted States. -CarniAa end Mexico: J10 a 16-page paper ................ .........lo 10 o .12 pagre paper ....2c orejn -ates double. Kewe or dismission Intended for publication la The Oregon lan chould be addressed invariably 1 "Edl'or The Oreconten,-" not to the aatD of i osy 'cSlv-JduaL Letter rlatine to advertUWR cubscrtpttone -or to any business matter should 1 1 addressed simply '"The Oregonlan." Tb Oregonlan do not buy poeme or atorjea j irons Irdtviduali. and cannot undertake to re turn any manuscripts sent to It -without solicita tion. No stamps should be Inclosed for this purpose. Pusret Bound Bureau Captain A. Thompson, : cfttc at 1111 PaclSc avenue. Tacoraa. .Box 833, Ta casta postoflloe. Eajtarn Business Office The Tribune build- tint New Tork City; "The Rookery." Chicago; ! ttss, C. Beckuith special agency. Xew York. or naie Jn San Francisco br J. K. Cooper. 76 Market street, near the Palace hotel, and at Oo.dKroith Bros., 23C Sutter utrert. For oale In Chicago by the P. O. News Co.. JIT Xtewborn street. "071AV8 WEATHER, Pair and warmer: s brisk northerly -Rinds. TORTLAXD, SATURDAY, AUGUST 4. rORTXAM) AXD ITS RAILROADS. In another column Assistant General I Freight Agent Fulton, of the Northern ! Pacific, outlines his railroad's position i In its present controversy -with the O. R. & N , In a -way that serves to set. the ihole matter in its true light as a con- ! test between the roads for their own sflf-preservation and advantage. If trp Northern Pacific chooses to carry tto grain originating on its Eastern "Washington lines to Puget Sound, that Is Its right and privilege. And if it is ir "Sucod, by charges for trackage and ev inching, to bring graln'to the west I side of Portland by its own lines rather than to the yards of the O. R. & N., in East Portland and Alblna, that is alro its legitimate prerogative. Rahroads must be expected to look filter thcr own interests. The public i v, l l n t do It. least of ail will their com- pft'on. In the efforts to protect and advance those interests the 'public has no concern until the interests of the community are menaced. Then it is t'nip to remonstrate, and If remon- stra-noo fails, to act. It is the mdst ! cymrh .n thing in the -world for railroads to profc ss devotion to communities -with th -view of capturing business. But tho pro;f of the pudding Is in the eat- ! irg It will not take long for events to 6h w how sincere the Northern Pacific is in its professions of friendship for Portland. It ought not to be difficult for it to prove that the O. B, & N. has dren it to this coarse, if such be the fact. It ought not to be difficult for it to prove that It -wants to come down i the Columbia River to Portland, If such i be the fact. It is Portland's misfortune now that, ja'ne among Pacific Coast centers, it I has ro transcontinental railroad inter- i6Td In Kb welfare. Such effort as the Southern Pacific has put forth for Cal if rnia, and the Northern Pacific and !Jrrat Northern have put forth for Pu I pet 'und, and the Canadian Pacific for Vancouver, is omitted or neglected hcr by the Union Pacific The best inter ions of the resident O. R7 & N. rnanagrnent are nullified in. New York. KaJr.ad building by which the O. R. &. N would have been able to reach the ' districts now concerned in controversy. j and bring their products bere over its f own lines, was stopped under an agree- ment The Northern Pacific Is engaged in rr'ttunting its own traffic and bulld- ; ing xip its Puget Sound terminals. The Southern Pacific is milking "Western lOregon for the benefit of San Francisco; .and mailers -of Hie most -vital bearing oil JUri gun's future are settled by Mr. H?rrlman in consultation with Mr-, i Hunt tipton or President Mellen, with s 1 iw to the Union Pacific's earn ings. There Is only one concern in this i "whole business for The Oregonlan, (speaking as the represftntative of this : commuiotj . That is, t-at the Interests tof the city aiid state fihall not be sac rifice d by a ay railroad, whereer it coms from orTvherever it goes. We need ample .connection -with our nat- f ural tnbutanes "We need tariffs under -which ur popple can carry on the busi ness alread'stahflshed, and under -wrier- ur lumber, coal and other re source can be developed. Any railroad I that stands in our light on these things is not a friend t Portland. It should not bo treated as .such, and theL sooner ! -we know it jthe better.' THE MVRDMIt" OF TH IXXOCENTS. -I Kefj Clay McDougall, In his discus sion of "Christian Science" in Friday's it-sue of The Oregonlan, does net seem to be able to &eprate a question ot scienuf.c fact from a mere fake, the i verdict of human experience from 1m pudcut, cmnty assumption. His think ing tap iseems to be a kind of pie that eoNt'-s at least four and twenty bats fl.rcr ott at a tangent Let us get dfKi. to the harda of facts, and tell j M" McDoUgall why "Christian Scl- j VT-. Fo-caiiea, ns xauen ihio con t .;; It is not because f its theories. It is because of Us dangerous practice. To illustrate: A fanatic of the "Chris-i tian St 'ence" quality is now In prison In FHSadelphla awaiting trial for de i o '-aulj permitting a qhild to linger li u i and die In so-called orphan a, v r.hout medical attendance or v.i ' e of any sort. Now, if a man or v i boos to discard ail the revela- i tiu: s i f science in the treatment of dls-- and substitutes 'faith cure" for nitucu, attendance . aud medicine, if tH"5 Parish m consequence they perish of their own. volition. But in the case of a child, it is a victim, not of its own chu'u .ind volition, lmt of the ignorant cho.ee and volition of homicidal vlsion- RTi8 li-vertH in Portland a child was taken .ck of diphtheria. Tts-"ChrIs- tla; Sc . n.ist" parents called "no doc- j India were responsible for the first In tur adr oiistrd no medicine, but con- ' dlan mutiny, and Lord Roberts, in his tenti (1 il.emseivee with "praying" oier j book, hints that lll-tlmed missionary it TN child Anally became reduced zeal -was among the disturbing and lrri- to a d six-rate condition, ana was clear- ( ly cM"f. o suffocation. Then its "pray- the second awful revolt of 1S57. The tns ronts, we Jt - in a hopeless i Immediate ,cause of that Insurrection co' ci - iLrougfc tnetr criminal eg-i was the conviction of the Hindoos and l-t -fc.'ed a doctor. As a last rasort, i Moslems that the British were destroy th C.m" . .r, to relieve the child frem J ing the creed of the two races -with the cnok.T.i to do&tfe, pvriocmaA an opara- j introduction of cartridges greased with tior which enabled It to breathe, and j the fat of the cow and the pig. but it alHd for a short time, but finally I Lcrd Roberts evidently thinks that the iiic uf i.hauttion, as it had become : completely blood-poisoned from. -failure to administer anti-toxin. The medical certificate In this case ol cause of death should liave read "died of Christian Science." So long- as the dreams, visions, illusions and Inspira tions of these folk are of a harmless type, the -world is content to laugh at them and their theories; nay, even when men and -women elect to die of J the practice of "Christian Science" the world -will probably not -worry over fools -who exercise their own volition and die victims to their own folly. Eut when these theorists, illusionists, dreamers become homicidal lunatics and practice upon young, helpless chil dren, then the -world rises up in anger and protests against further multipli cation of the murder of the innocents. Does the pensive, pseudo-philosopher McDougall see the point? Does he see any difference bet-ween inocuous dream ing: and drooling theorists, vexing the air -with their strident-voiced specula tions, and these same theorists putting their theories into murderous practice upon a helpless child? ATT EXPLAXATIOX SEEDED. The State of North Carolina has dis franchised its ignorant negroes. The vote on the constitutional amendment was overwhelming. Hitherto controlled by a fusion of Republicans and Popu lists, the state has gone Democratic on this issue by 30,000. Many negroes voted for the amendment, which was sup ported also by the faculty of Living ston College, a negro institution. This is a, move already made by Eou- I Isiana, Alabama, Mississippi and South Carolina, assured next in Virginia, and scheduled for Maryland. Opposition to it has almost disappeared. In a few years it will have covered the entire South, the fear of negro domination will have disappeared, the race Issue will have departed from politics, ne groes of education and property will vote freely everywhere, just as they do today, and men will begin to divide on rational grounds, negroes as well as whites. The ignorant "negro is not fit for suf frage. His enfranchisement was a Re publican mistake, now being corrected by Democratic expedients, it is folly to ask a man to participate in self-government if he is without understanding of Its functions or capacity to exercise them. You might as well give an Igno rant negro a dynamo to operate as to give him the ballot. He Is simply un able to use It for the best interests of the community. He must be eliminated from the situation, a dangerous tool must be taken out of his hands. Another thing. The matter Is not al together one of education. It has a race aspect The wblte man Is not going to be ruled by the biacK. Let the negroes of South Carolina study and sae until they possess a majority of the intelli gence and property as well as numbers, and the control apparently theirs would not be vouchsafed them. The white man would rule. He will light for as cendency, and he will maintain it. These things seem to be fairly under stood by the Democrats of the South as applied to the black man In the United States. Why do they profess an exactly opposite creed concerning the black man In the Philippines? If they will pardon the discourtesy, a doubt must-be ex pressed of their sincerity. When a job Is to be done In Louisiana or North Carolina, they discharge it with neat ness and dispatch. But in seeking to befuddle the policy of a Republican Na tional Administration their tactics com pel doubt In their entire good faith. "Consent of the governed" Is not sought, does not obtain, in our Southern States. Why worry about it in the Philippine Islands? The fittest mu3t and will rule. The weaker must sub mit. The only requirement is that they be treated with justice and protected In person and property. DISASTROUS MISSIONARY ZEAL. The Rev. Dr. Hoover, of Philadelphia, was .stupid enough to say publicly the other night that the Christian religion should be forced upon .he Chinese by war: anfl further: It may interest you to kno-x that the Chris tian religion was introduced into China ncarly tlr centuries aso. and its advance since then has been fast and slow by turns. The pres ent v.ar -tvill do China a Trorld of sood For unknown centuries God has allotted these peo ple, oier one-quarter the population of the Klobe, to have their own religion, to worship as the- pleased, but now I believe that tho time has come and thf end of ail Idols la near at hand. I do not believe In war to force re llglon on a people, but It seems to be tho only ny to deal with the Chinese. If' any of the missionaries in China are In sympathy with this view of Dr. Hoover, they would be better at home at work among the savages of civili zation than presuming to convert the Chinese to Christianity ultimately by the havoc of war. If the Chinese are to be made the subject of armed invasion under the cover of Introducing Chris tianity, how much better are we than Mohammedans, who gave their con quered foes the choice between the Koran, tribute or death? The Bible borne through China on the bayonets of a Christian army would be another crucifixion of Christ by those who nom inally pretend to be his followers. The truth is that Lord Salisbury was right when he bluntly said In substance that missionaries were hated and distrusted by the Chinese, not because of their religion, for the Chinese tolerate all religions, but In spite of It. It Is cur rent saying In China, "First the mis- slonary. then the Consul and then the soldier," It is no proper part of Chris. tianlty to seek directly or indlrectly to spread our religion In China with lire and sword. Intelligent Chinamen do not despise the essential ethics of Christianity, for they are, exactly In line with. some of tHe precepts of Confucius; but they feel a pardonable personal dislike. for the manners and conduct of some of our missionaries, who have left a hcwling -wilderness of heathen behind them in our great cities from New Orleans to Boston to make converts in China. The principal effect of the teaching of our missionaries In Japan has been not to make converts to Christianity, but to increase the number of native agnos tics. Measured by their beneficent re sults. Christian missions in China are a pious delusion, if not a snare. The early missionaries to British fating influences that contributed to i indiscreet seal of tae missionaries bad; already irritated the native mind Info a morbidly suspicious mood. The prevailing idea in China Is that religion Is being used by all the nations for the purpose of securing a foothold In that country, and this view 5s unfor tunately supported by the rapacity of several of the powers that Have suffered the loss of missionaries killed in China. For the lives of two obscure German missionaries China -was forced to give up E3ao Chou Bay and the territory adjoining it, which Is equal in area to several European states. France has also secured territory in the same way, BOXERS OF LOUISIANA. The New Orleans negro desperado, Charles, who killed seven nen and seri ously -wounded seven others before he was hunted down, smoked out of his lair and shot to death, was a man ot superior common sense as well as har dihood; be knew that If he surrendered he would be torn from the officers ot the law and barbarously lynched, so he sold his life as dearly as possible. It every negro bunted to death by the mob In a community that tolerates lynching shot as straight as Charles, there would be fewer burnings and torturlngs, and perhaps the mob would not be so prompt to murder when they found out that the hunted man had become a human tiger standing at bay. It Is somewhat disturbing to our Na tional self-righteousness to find that the New Orleans mob was guilty of as blind, brutal and unprovoked murder as that charged upon the Boxer mob of Pekin. The white mob, composed of the riffraff of New Orleans, because a sin gle criminal shot two policemen while resisting arrest, proceeded to wreak vengeance upon the race as a whole. Nothing like it has been known since the draft riots in New York City In 1S63. Then the mob hunted down ne groes and burned their houses, and burned an asylum for orphan colored children. In New Orleans the mob stopped street-cars, dragged forth in nocent, peaceful negroes and killed them or shot them in their tracks. The mob Invaded the residence of col ored people and shot the Inmates, with out distinction of sex; shooting among others a bedridden negress 78 years eof age. Finally, the mob burned the finest negro public school in the city, erected with money bequeathed by a negro, who divided his fortune of $700,000 equally between the institutions of both races. This benevolent negro left his entire fortune to charity, established a home for aged colored people and one for whites, and gave the money to build this school. His bust was placed on the state Capitol at Baton Rouge, the only memento of a negro In that build ing. Verily, if the Pekln Government was either too weak to rule Its mob or too willing It should succeed, what shall we say of the city government of New Orleans and of the State of Louisiana? A MODERX SEMIRA31IS. The Dowager Empress of China, aunt of the reigning Emperor, Is described by the Intelligent Chinese residents of this country as a woman without mercy, without justice, without scru ples, and who retains In old age the vanity and giddiness of her youth. She did away with her father, and would destroy her nephew, the Emperor, did she not fear the consequences. Prince Kwang aroused her hatred because the young Emperor was Influenced by bin to attempt tvhen he was in power, to turn the temples Into schools for the education of the common people. The last letter he wrote to the Chinese Re form party before he was deposed shows his spirit: "I have been sufforinc; for 22 years for the sake of my people," he wrote. "Why should I not wish my people to be prosperous and happy? Some people may call me the Sleeping Emperor, but there is the Empress Dowager, who does not wish to chansre tha modern ad ministration, and the higher llanchu officials. who insist on the ancestral method of govern ment." The progressive party In China, which is confined almost entirely to. the south, would welcome the return of 'the young Emperor to the throne. He Is idolized by the intelligent, educated Chinese, who appreciate the superiority of West ern civilization and hope that the up shot of the existing troubles will be his restoration to active authority and rule. The, progressive Chinese party would rather see the empire controlled by the foreign powers than have a con tinuation of the present government of the Empress Dowager, who is capri clotis, cruel and dissolute, a kind of Chinese Cleopatra or Semiramls in this respect Persons, both men and women, who were pupils of the late Judge Shattuck when he was principal of Tualatin Academy, In 1S54-55, remember him most kindly as a thorough and painstaking Instructor as well as a courteous gen tleman. Somewhat taciturn In his habit and reserved In his manner, It was a revelation of character to meet or over take him In the grove In his evening walks, pushing a little cart of his own manufacture, in which was seated his little daughter, Emily, now many years deceased, chatting blithely to the child lp grown-up fashion about the birds and flowers, the trees and clouds. The wide-open, appreciative eyes of the child; the absence of "baby talk" In her entertainment and the manifest pleas ure with which her usually taciturn father devoted himself to her amuse ment and Instruction, revealed a side of Judge Shattuck's nature which was hid den in thP serious mood in which he addressed Jiimself to the grave duties of his long and responsible life. Only those who knew Judge Shattuck inti mately, or happened upon him in the quiet walks of life, as did these pupils of his far-away years, ever really knew him at all. A writer in the Engineering Magazine contends that Industrial prosperity or depression depends more than otherwise upon the cost of iron. When we con sider the great proportion of active en terprises into which Iron "and steel en ter, the theory is an attractive one. In shipbuilding and brldgebullding the large use of steel has been familiar for years, but Its large use In the construc tion of public buildings and private dwellings is comparatively recent Steel cars begin now to consume a large amount of the metal, and armor for warships and modern guns are called for in increased quantities. Elec tricity in its various uses has created new demands for steel, while the large movement of cities and towns for Im proved water supplies has helped to swell the demand for Iron In its various forms. To a very great extent iron and steel are displacing wood, and even brick and stone. The building of new railways in Siberia, Egypt, Africa. In dia, Australia, Canada, Mexico and the United States requires ar&e supplies of the useful metat, but the demand from new roads Is less than the demand from old roads that are replacing light rails with neavy rails and bringing their equipment up to the best standard. Every -sort of engineering- enterprise now utilizes steel in ways not contem plated a few years ago. The cutworm is a disgusting creature, and as voracious as disgusting. He is nocturnal in his feeding habits, but" as every tomato and cabbage-grower bas learned from experience in former years, he can be found before sunrise at the root of the plant upon which he has been feasting, gorged and waiting for the return of night to resume his meal. Cutworms are like the poor to the extent that they are "always with us," but this year, Instead of coming In detachments and confining their at tentions to certain plants or isolated gardens, they are moving In battalions and giving no quarter In the vegetable world. While it may not be possible to make any perceptible Impression upon their numbers by early hunting and killing the creatures in the ordinary way, it would certainly afford the owner Of a despoiled cabbage or tomato patch some satisfaction to make way with some thousands of them before break fast. This is a case in which killing for the sake of killing mlht properly be encouraged. The general license ordinance has been carefully prepared, thoroughly In vestigated, and approved by every member of the Council. They and the Mayor have been In touch with the li cense committee all through its prep aration and they were fully prepared to approve the ordinance advisedly. Such license laws are found to work well In other cities. Experience has approved them as one of the most equitable metbods of raising money to meet the expenses of a city. It will certainly be much better to pay the licenses pro vided .for than for the city, as in the past, to go deeper and deeper Into debt. If these licenses are not enacted and collected, it will not be long until their equivalent In Interest will have accu mulated against the city, and have to be funded Into Interest-bearing bonds. There will "be plenty ot money from hops; frultr hay. oats, cattle, horsc3, sheep, Goats, wool, mohair, cordwood and some from wheat. But no one will get rich but the money-tender. Salem Journal. ' The long lists of money-lenders who are carrying, by popular subscription, the bonds of the Capital City and its sohool district indicate that many per sons In Marlon County are not suffering for ready money. Among these "money lenders," who are thus to "get rich," appear the names of numerous well known Brynnites, and us they have more than "their share" of the coun try's circulating medium, it is to be presumed th,ey. will join in support of the goldbug party's nominees next No vember. Truly It will be a great matter if the United Stages, taking the lead, shall be the chief instrument of restoration of order in China, of preserving the Integ rity of Chinese territory, and of keep ing the peace among the great powers that are plucking at the Chinese Em pire. This great mission of peace is the present business of the United States in the Orient. If it shall succeed, as there is fair prospect It will, the re sult will be a sufficient answer to the babble of a class of our politicians about our "drift towards militarism." J. Santos Zelaya, who Is about to take up the burden of the presidency of the Republic oft Nicaragua for the fourth time, has the appearance of an Ameri can or European gentleman of culture and political ability. That he Is cour ageous Is apparent from his ready ac ceptance of a position tempestuous in character and of doubtful outcome. Nicaragua may be the pick of the Spanish-American states In these respects, but the best of them are "mighty on sartaln" In politics. The laughter and jeers with which the Faterson anarchists grcetefl the query whether any one present was sorry for Humbert's death show the falseness of their assertion that they are just like Other men. Other men stand aghast at the villainy that took Humbert off, and In grief at" the bereavement of his fam ily and a whole people. The anarchist laughs and prepares for other victims. This Is the difference. There Is noth ing in common between such fiends and our normal humanity. Secretary Hay's note to LI Hung Chang Is simply beyond praise. He has raised himself to the first power ot historical Secretaries of State. We are passing through a period that will stand out In history, momentous and epoch making. A tremendous opportunity has come along In the Secretary's way, and he bas risen equal to it. That Is the exact measure of greatness. We must have Bull Run water, free bridges and all the luxuries, conven iences and pay-rolls of a city of a mil lion people here In our village on the Willamette. But It is monstrous, of course," that any of these things should 1 be paid for. Therefore, the "blanket license" ordinance will be greeted with howls of rage. Bryan will run his own campaign. Unlike the usual status of 'politicians, his friends are In his hands. He Is the whole thing. Such absorbing and arro gating dominance is unique In our po litical annals. THE FALL OP E3IPIRES. Activity of Aunties Susgfcsts Radical Reform In Lexicography. New York Times. It was the misfortune of Bishop Berke ley, whom Nature plainly intended to be a great and good man, that he lived be fore the anti-imperialists of this country. If he had lived in the present Instead of tho past he would have written no such questionable and misleading lines as these: ' Westward tho course of ernpire takes its way; Tho four first acts already past, A fifth shall close the drama with the day: Time's noblest ofTsprinp Is the last. The good Bishop, living today, would know that while this country might be the last of Time's offspring, It could not be the noblest It It permitted the course of empire to take Its way across Its ter ritory. He would have realized that the word "empire" had got to bo banished from the National language as being the synonym for all that was pernicious. Yet perhaps our anti-lmperlalist friends may point with solemn warning to his proph ecy. The course of empire Is plainly taking Its way westward, and so there fore our end must be in sight Is It not then, our supreme duty to see that even the name of empire Is abolished in order that our children may not imbibe from familiarity with it a taste for all that It implies? For many years little boys in New York have "been taught to bo proud of tha Empire State. How shocking! Think ot all the little New York boys trrowins: ud with a delight In the imperialism of their native state. This -sort or thing ougnt to be stopped at once. These little bpys will all be New York imperialists some day. And look at the New York Central Railroad. It actually runs an Empire State express. More imperialism! And how utterly lost to all sense of Republi canism must Charles. Frohman be to con duct openly In the sight of men an Em pire Theater! And is there not an Im perial Hotel? Why should such things "be and overcome us like a Summer cloud"? Of course, the persons who applied these titles did not foresee at the time that acquisition of some islands In the Eastern seas was going to bring the word "empire" Into disrepute. It was a high-sounding term and when applied only to the state had a certain nobility and made New Yorkers throw out their chests and lift their divine head? toward the stars. But now that the antl-lmpe-rialist8 have applied it as a term of re proach to the whole country, ought we not to get rid of It? Thereby we should purify ourselves to some extent In the eyes of those who can see more and big ger motes than are visible to the rest of us, and should also cease to cause them to utter some of their numerous and dis tressing cries of pain. We know that this is not all that the Aunties ask. but there Is an old German proverb which says; "Etwas 1st besser als gar nlchts." CANADIAN PROSPERITY. All Lines of Industry Doing- Well, and Treasury "With, n Surplus. Montreal Herald. It Is most gratifying to note the indi cations apparent on almost every hand that the trade and Industries of Canada are running on lines of almost unexam pled prosperity. The general affluence of the community finds expression in a variety of ways, not the least striking being the steady advance in the traffic returhs of the railways, the growing vol ume of freight handled at the large centers and distributed all over the sys tems, the continuous stream of travel to the Summer resorts, the expansion of the business of the mercantile establish ments, the enlargement of Industrial premises and, above all and beyond all, the promise of an abundant harvest Mani toba and a portion of the Northwest may experience a lean year with the partial failure of one of their golden sources of revenue, but there seems to be noth ing wanting In Quebec aftd Ontario to make full the farmers cup of happi ness. 'Bhe trade of 1900 at the close of the fiscal year exceeded that of the preced ing 12 months by $50,QQO,000. This in crease is almost entirely In gpods entered for consumption and the exports of tho products of the country. This trada amounted in volume in 1900 to $336,000 030 as against $286,966,000 in 18T9. The ag gregate has more than doubled since 1S7S and the exports of Canadian produce have more than doubled In 20 years. Can ada's total trade last year, Including- for eign goods exported, was $372,000,000, or more than $1,000,000 a day.. It is most Important to note In this connection that the Increase In the export of home prod ucts In the last four years Is greater thcin the Increase In the previous IS years. Hero are the figures for the period of 1SSS-1899: ' 189. Bacon , $ 301.970 Cheese S,015.(??4 Butter 331,958 Wood pulp ., Silver ore 168,255 Lead and ore 18 Nickel Gold, quartz'.!."!!'!.'.".'! 623,479 Agricultural lmple- . ments 321,341 1S?9. $10,416,478 16,176,765 3.700,873 1,274,276 2,6?0.2S1 J95,318 591,537 3,272,702 1,863,468 The Increase of the wheat acreage In Manitoba alone in the 10 years is no less than 150 per cent, but the figures quoted attest the fact that the prosperity of Canada does not depend upon wheat or agriculture alone. As. a matter of fact the home market provided for food products by our own forest, mining and manufac turing industries will be far more im portant even than the market now open In Great Britain. According to the Minister of Customs the imports for the fiscal year just closed were $183,209 273, and the duty paid there on was $28,867,000; or an average of '15.76 per cent. In 1S95-6 the imports were $110,. 5S7.4S0, and the duty $20,219,000, an average of 18.28 per cent. Altogether the govern ment accounts show the very gratifying fact of a surplus of between 57,500,000 and JS.OOO.OOO. WAS IT HILL'S WORK? Crave Donlit to the Nalnre o In como Tax Plank's Dlfiappeurnnce. New York Tribune. Mr. Bryan has made formal announce ment that whereas In 1896 the Demo cratic platform declared free sliver to be the paramount Issue, and he consequently- devoted his notification speech almost wholly to that topic, this year tho platform declares Imperialism to be the paramount Issue, and It will conse quently be the only one to which his notification speech will pay particular at tention. This determination on the part of the Democratic dictator considerably enhances the anxiety whjch has been generally felt for the Income tax Issue ever since the Kansas City convention adjourned, without having said a word on the subject The omission of a plank which had been commonly regarded as Indispensable was not discovered, we be lieve, until the following day, but It must be admitted that since then it has been quite as conspicuous by its absence as It could possibly have been If it had put In an appearance. , Most of those who could be suspected of knowing anything about the matter have had some explanation to offer, and with the single exception of Sulzer, who said very solemnly that It was left out by design, and then refused t'o add an other wbrd, all who have spoken agree that the omission was a mere inad vertence. But two men who are deeply concerned have not responded to the uni versal desire for light. David Bennett Hill has strictly held his peace, and Mr. Bryan himself, when asked what had become of the Income tax plank, merely said, "You will have to see Jones about that" Well, Jones has been seen, and his answer i3 that the omission was an unintentional oversight. But some how the impression sticks that somcv body took uncommonly good care to have tho missing resolution lost in the shuffle, and Mr. Bryan's singular reti cence has a much more significant ap pearance than Mr. Jones' volubility. "Do you suppose it was surreptitiously elim inated?" Inquired a reporter for the New York Times Friday of Mr. Woodson, member of the Democratic committee from Kentucky, in the presence of ex Governor Stone, of Missouri. "No, I would not say that," answered Mr. Woodson, "but the understanding in Kansas City before the report of the committee on resolutions was read was that an income tax plank was In the report." Ex-Governor Stone looked at Woodson, Mr. Woodson eyed ex-Governor Stone, and the reporter said: "Gentlemen, Mr. Bryan is strongly in favor of an income tax, isn't he?" "I believe he Is," they jointly replied, and walked away to join Senator Jones, who had requested their presence. In the meantime, as we have remarked, the gentleman from Wolfert's Roost says nothing. Can it be possible that, hav ing failed to convince Mr. Bryan that free sliver did not need a separate plank in the platform, he carried away an In come tax concession from that famous and supposedly fruitless conference? Star-Eyed Goddess Droops. Washington Post. Every time Colonel Watterson explains his support of the Kansas City ticket he reminds his readers of a roan "who la very tired Of his Job, HISTORICAL JUSTICE; The address of the- Rev. Dr. Rockwall before the G. A, R. on "The Early Cam paigns of General Grant" Is described as "eloquent and effective," but it lacked historical accuracy, which at this late date is inexcusable. Wp quotei Jefferson .Davis, in appointing Albert Sidney Johnston to the command of all the Confeder ate forces of the Southwest, declared that such a. General was worth 100,000 men. Rad he lived .he would have proved these words to b true. General Johnston did live long enough to discredit entirely the military capacity ascribed to him by Jeff Davis, who at the outset appointed his old-time army comrades, Sidney Johnston. Pemberton and BFagg. to great commands, and re tained them after their incapacity was clearly shown. The Military Memoirs of the Confederate. General Beauregard, who was second In command under John ston, and the Military Memoirs of Grant who was Johnston's antagonist in the great campaign of Fort Donelson and Shlloh, bear decisive testimony to the fact that Sidney Johnston, while a very gallant soldier, was fatally deficient in the qualities that go to make up an able general. Beauregard recites the tele grams in which the week before Donelson fell he In vain Incessantly urged Johnston to concentrate his whole force of 27,000 men at Fort Donelson, where Grant had but 17,000 men, before he could possibly bo reinforced. Johnston, Instead of acting on this sound advice fatally divided his forces. He did not send enough to Don elson to repulse Grant, although he knew that the moment Grant captured Fort Donelson his line was fatally broken on the Tennessee, and retreat from Bowling Green and Columbus was Inevitable. His only course was to concentrate his whole prmy and beat Grant by superior num bers at Donelson, or to withdraw his troops from Donelson and save his army by prompt retreat to a new line. The key of his position was Donelson, and It was utterly hopeless to divide his forces if he expected to make a successful de fense. To concentrate his whole force against Grant or to concentrate his whole force for retreat was his only choice; he did neither, so he lost Donelson and 15,000 men, and then, of course, had to retreat with the remnant of his army from Bowling Green. He had not men enough to defend so long a line, but he had men enough concentrated to have beaten Grant by superior numbers at Donelson; or declining to do this, he had ample time to save hfs whole army by retreat. All this Beauregard makes perfectly clear In his account of the Donelson cainRaign. Beauregard further shows that he (Beau regard), and not Johnston, planned the advance upon our lines at Shlloh and with difficulty persuaded the utterly dis pirited and irresolute Johnston to permit Its execution. The marching 'orders, down to the merest detail; the aggressive strat egy of the whole movement its. execu tion and the tactics of the whole battle were the work of the brain and hand of Beauregard. Johnston was a knightly soldier In per sonal character, courage and conduct, hut Beauregard and Grant agree In de scribing him as unfitted for a great com mander, because of his refined, sensitive, contemplative temperament His spirit was always sicklied o'er with the pale cast of constitutional irresolution, a gal lant man prone to depression and dis posed to let "I will" wait upon "I would." Tho credit of this brllllantly concelved and boldly executed campaign belongs to Beauregard, without whom Johnston never would have consented to the movement until the golden oppor tunity had passed. It was a golden op portunity, for, starting on April 3, Beau regard know that with any reasonably prompt and Intelligent execution of his orders he could-strike Grant by the morn ing of the 4ch, and utterly defeat him before Buell could possibly arrive. The failure of Bragg and Polk to move when directed lost him a whole day, but even with this miscarriage the enemy would have attacked our lines at dawn on the 5th had not a terrible rain storm set In and suspended operations for 24 hours. Beauregard records that but for the un foraeen and extraordinary delay hl5 at tack would have been delivered on the 4th or 5th at the latest, for when he started from Corinth on the 3d he had but 20 miles to march to reach Grant's lines. Not reaching his destination un til too late on the afternoon of the 5th to attack, Beauregard pointed out to Johnston that with the loss of two days the great opportunity was lost; that be fore Grant could be crushed he would be reinforced by Buell. But Johnston, while he was not an able General, was a high spirited soldier, and he Insisted on malt ing the Attack the next morning, al though military prudence forbade if, for Buell's advance division was even then but 12 miles distant. Grant and Beaure gard agree in their estimate of Johnston as conspicuously overrated by Davis, a man temperamentally unfitted for high military command. Dr. Rockwell Is simply absurd In his Ignorance when he describes Grant as greater than Caesar because he never lost a battle. At Cold Harbor Grant was defeated with a loss of 13,000 men killed and wounded In an assault that cost tho enemy only about 5000 men; he Is equally absurd In his Ignorance when he de scribes Grant as greater than Napoleon. It Is not difficult to agree with Longs treet, who thinks Grant, measured by hi3 moral courage in war, was our greatest soldier, but It Is very difficult to agree with Dr. Rockwell that Grant was a greater soldier than Alexander, Caesar or Napoleon. Why not Hannibal, too, who was esteemed by Napoleon the greatest soldier of antiquity. Such extravagance of panegyric is worthy of a superficial, effusive schoolboy. MEN AXD WOMEX. Charles J. Hunt and his wife,, of Detroit, have slven to the University of Michigan a large tract of redwood timber land In Califor nia. Senator Hoar attributes his good health to the fact that nearly every day for several years he has taken a two-mile walk before breakfast. Philip M. Craps, of Burlington, la., has given S20.000 toward the free library fund of that city. Miss Alice French (Octave Thanet) is also interested in the library. Colonel John "W. Geary, the last Alcalde and the first Mayor of San Francisco, has been in vited to take part In California's semi-centennial celebration ot its admission day. Secretary of War Ellhu Root is an exparf chess player, and he generally amuses hlmsejf during; his unoccupied evenings by a game with a friend or in solvine soms particularly difficult problem. Three women, the wives of famous hus bands, have been accorded the honor of burial In "Westminster Abbey. They are. Lady Palmer ston. Lady Augusta Stanley, wife of Dean Stanley, and Mrs. Gladstone., Admiral Sir Edward Seymour, who is in com mand of the British force in China, and of the allied forces which attempted tha relief of Pekln, Is an Irishman, whose family has con tributed many distinguished men to the Brit ish Navy. El3 grandfather was an Admiral, as was his uncle. Sir Edward's father, how ever, was in the church. 4 NGT& AND COMMENT. t One thing Is evident, and that 13 ths street fair will be- no- thoroughfare. Voting machines are not just the kind of machines politicians are looking for. What a star campaign speaker Emperor William would make lf he tried his lucfc at it! The crowds at the. beach are so, great that people are coming back to Portland to rusticate. Procrastination will bethe thle&of tho lives of the MlaIsters,Jn Pekln, if there Is much more of it The Boer War, It is estimated, has already cost England nearly three hun dred millions of dollars, which of course staggers the werld. If Klpllnff had occasion to- refer to tho, Boxers he would probably describe them as all devil and all wild. The war Is now getting into Siberia, and dispatches once more require several hours to pass a given point The King of China Is not lacking for funds, and he could have got along very well without that little advance. She chairs have been sold In London for $100,000. Now our minds are set at rest as to the whereabouts of ox-PolIco Judge Henneasy. it A. illller Is Just la receipt qf a large ship ment of brimstone. Lebanon Express Advance. Can it be that the Democratic National committeeman Is preparing to burn tho corpse of '15 to 1" ? On the 2Sth ult a thunderstorm termi nated 20 days of absolute drought in ten don, during which all records for hlsh. temperature for 43 years were surpassed. In the shade a temperature ot 90 Is rarely reached in England. In only two previous Summers, 1S6S and 1S9S, had there been five days In which the temperature wa3 over SO degrees, but In 1900 there have been already six June 11. 90.1: July 11, 95.2, the highest in 43 years; July 19. 93.4; July 20. 92.9; July 24, 90.7; July 25, 94. On July 25 the thermometer was at or over 90 from 11:30 A. M. to 5 P. M. On July 23 It did not fall below 67.7. the highest minimum ot any night in 43 years. An Army woman writes the Army and Navy Register: "Please go on and fight for the Army canteen. It would bo. a step backward if the fanatics should succeed In carrying their point and abolishing" the canteen. I have lived In the Army 16 years and I know that Intemperance decreased steadily each, month after tho canteen was established at our post All Army women think as I do on this sub ject and while I fully realize that our opinion doea not count 'officially, T thought I would let you know that the feminine portion of tho Army approves of your course, and that you have ouc best wishes for success." Chasin' down to ketch a, boat. Flndln' all the bertha Is srone. Crowds o' -women, men an ktdj, Itushla' -wildly to sit on. Stayln up on deck all night. Not a placa to find a bid. Glttln to tha beach next day. Petered out an" almost dead; Gulpln' down a hotel meal, Llat'nln to the breakers roar, Thtnkln If they feel like you i That they do it 'cause they're sore;f Rushin up to lsetch the train. Flndln -when you reach the boat Ain't no place to sleep again, Growlln' till you hurt your throar. Stayln up another night, Reachln' town at five A. M., Lookln' at tha sleepln' streets, WIshIn you -was one o' thorn; Restln' for a -week or two. Feelln' somewhat better, then Restln' up for two more weeks , 'Fore you're like yourself again; Nothin like It on tho earth, Ne-er had suoh fun before. Ain't no recreation ilka Spendln' Sunday at tno shore. r PLEASANTRIES OF PARAGBAPHEHS Cyril (aged 5) I shall never ret married, mammal Mamma But t thought you -were so fond of Ethel? Cyril Tea; but sho believes In fairies, and I don't! Punch. The Gold One. Huskinby I tell ye, I don't believe Hiram Graball wuz ever In New York la bis bull Ufa. HayraSe But Jk -vruai 1 showed ni8 the brick! Puck. In the Lunatic Asylum. Keeper This poor fellow used to bo a famous musician. Visitor Ah! and now he's a wandering- minstrel. Philadelphia Evening: Bulletin. Explained. "Tha British Nation seems to ba taking tha Pekln horror In rather stoical fash- Ion." "Tes. They are afraid of etirrlne up Alfred Austin." Cleveland Plalndealer. A Chicago woman Is reported to havo fallen, eight stories without sustaining any serious Injuries. It is suspected that somebody In Chicago has added a story to the building. Boston Transcript. "When It comes to huntlnff for souR" re marked tho first heathen, "moat of these mis sionaries are blrdi." "So they are." replied the other: "they're regular birds of pray." p.Mf,-'-'-- -..w. A Queer Person. Farmer Hornpeak Uncle Lyman Swank Is the strangest old man I ever seen! Farmer Hawbuck How's that, Ezryl Farmer Hornbeak Why. no matter what kind of a story ye tell him. It never reminds him, of anything! Puck. iew of litem Atuan Anything. He looked at the picture and laughed loudly. "That's uood," he said. "But what does It mean?" she asked. "Mean? Why, it doesn't mean, anything," he, replied. "It's Just a political cartoon." Chi cago Evening Post Mr. Gump (to teacher) No, I don't want you to teach my son any grammar. Not a bit ot It. Teacher But hut this is unusual, sir. May I Inquire your reasons? Mr. Gump I In tend that he shall be a writer of popular songa. Baltimore American. The Overworked Word. Chicago News. There are fashions in words as in things that we wear. They rise and they reign without reason, And tho word that today may seem pleasant and fair Tomorrow may be out of season; The expression that now in Chicago we've caught, For pen and for tongue always ready. Is the "strenuous" one that was recently brought And left by the "strenuous" Teddy. It is good. I admit, and It fits to a T With Teddy, the daring Rough RMer. But applied to all sorts and conditions, you see. Is often a sorry outsider; For since Teddy was with us and cava It ua pat We make the word suit every action. And from "strenuous" this and from "strenu ous" that Derive a superb satlsfatin. When, the Mayor speaks out 'tis In "strenu ous" way. His vetoes are "3trenuous" measures. And when Aldermen pelt on another In play They're taking tholr "strenuous" pleasures; When a bandit Is shot after "strenuous" fight The shooter's a "strenuous" fellow; When convicted ex-bankers ars shut out of sight They utter a "strenuous" beltow. We have "strenuous" days,, whea the heat la) intense, 1 And "strenuous" nights when 'tis oaWer. And that 'jtrenuooa" phras glvs the great eroffeno As "strenuous" usera grow bolder; Still all fashions so by. be thy wlsa or ab surd. For tlma their pretensions will smother, And now. In exchange for that "strenuoua" word. Good Teddy, Just pass ua another.