Morning Oregonian., June 22, 1900, Page 6, Image 6

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TODAYS "WEATHER. Probably occasional
light showers; warmer; northwest winds.
POBTLANU, KKIDAV, JUM3 22, 1O00.
The Philadelphia platform is a flat,
vapid, platitudinous and slovenly
stump speech. Just one thins the Re
publican party has done for which
credit Is due It. It has established the
gold standard. This is the source of
the National prosperity about which
tho platform says so much. The gold
standard has given' confidence in money
tud& business, "and the people do the
rest. The chief fruits of "protection"
on which the platform-makers have
spent their record is support of great
trusts and further enrichment of great
millionaires.
What was the use of a convention to
nominate McKinley? And what will be
tho use of a convention to nominate
Bryan? Boss rule might as well do its
business without this farce of Indirec
tion. A few powerful bosses have dic
tated the nomination of McKinley; a
few powerful bosses will dictate" the
nomination of Bryan. The play of con
cealment, the farce of pretense that
there la deliberation in it, or that the
people have any real direction of It, is
ridiculous Just as ridiculous as a like
proceeding in a recent county conven
tion, more particular designation of
Which perhaps Is not necessary.
It has required audacity on the part
of those who have worked up the job
on "back pay" alleged to be due to
former firemen; in the service of the
City of Portland1; but audacity In such
matters Is seldom wanting. The un
scrupulous broker supplies any quan
tity that the claimants might lack.
These "claims" date back to the Frank
Bnd Pennoyer administrations, to cover
whose deficits tho city has been com
pelled to sell already an enormous block
of bonds. A broker has bought up most
. jjf the "claims," for a small sum, and
now wants the city to "compromise"
with him by paying a proportion or
part. The Common Council at its meet
ing on Wednesday refused, and we
think tlie new Common Council will
refuse likewise, as It ought. These
"claims" can be defeated. On two oc
casions Judge Sears has virtually
turned them down, and good lawyers
do not doubt that the Supreme Court
will do likewise, since the claims are
of a character heretofore defeated in
that tribunal. There should be no
"compromise" on these cases by the
city. They should take their course
through tho courts. They rest on -a
shameless demand, since the claimants
agreed, one and all, to take certain
salaries, receipted for those salaries,
and now demand more. There could
be nothing more dishonest than the
manner in which these claims have
been worked up; and the public can
not but view with suspicion and disap
proval any proceedings for "compro
mising" them.
Foraker had an awkward task,
and ho discharged it as grace
fully as might be. He is not an ad
mirer of the President. Ho has not
always been friendly to him. But for
McKinley Ohio might have another
candidate for the Presidency, and his
name might have been Foraker. And,
as political history Is made nowadays,
"what Ohio wants the country gives.
With Mr. Hanna, the Republican
party la 'down on bad trusts, but thinks
the good trusts ought to be left alone.
This Is not definite or satisfactory, but
it Is hard to see how anything mora
definite or satisfactory can just now
be devised. Protected trusts can be
reached by tariff reduction, or re
moval; but that is not enough. Who
la to say which are good trusts and
Tikich are bad? What general law
aimed at combinations of capital can
be devised that will not do as much
hjirm as good, or more? The trust
k5jtblem calls for wise and judicious
Itesmanshlp, and it cannot be solved
by fierce partisan declamation and
sweeping denunciation of all capital
and capitalists. We may expect the
Kansas City patriots to have a very
severe fit of anti-trust rabies, and pro
pose something quite severe, like con
fiscation and capital ppnlshment. But
it will come to nothing. The Industrial
interests of the Nation are powerful
and able to protect themselves, be
cause common justice and the mutual
welfare will support them. Rational
measures for the control of any mo
nopoly and the regulation of every
combination in restraint of trade they
must and will submit to. But what is
the remedy?
Congress hs a generous habit, just
before adjournment, of making a gift
cf a month's salary to all its em
ployes. It might be thought that this
is m-cre prodigal waste of the public
money, but it is apparently inspired by
a wise forethouglit on the part of what
ever party happens to control Con
gress. Just now the Republicans have
the majority, and they distributed the
usual largess at the last session. The
extra salaries amounted to about JS0,-
000. A few days ago all the Republican
employes wera requested tc call upon
Mr. Schrader, who has been secretary
of the Congressional committee. It
was suggested that one-half thir ex-
ra pay would be acceptable as a con-
ributicm to the Republican campaign
fund, but they could give what they
saw fit. Mr. Schrader has felt obliged
to make an explanation of Ms action, -and
It la that
These men are not under crrtl service rules
and aro not assessed. - A good many of them
have, heretofore, complained that there was
no recognized commit tee-room, and no one au
thorized to receive campaign contributions.
This year It was decided to give tho generously
Inclined no such excuse, and tbey were notified
that they might call at the Raleigh, where
they were told that anything tbey might feel
Inclined to give would be thankfully received.
It -would appear that the complaints
of the "generously inclined had not
reached the proportions Imagined by
Mr. Schrader, for the receipts tinder his
thoughtful plan have only aggregated
about $1500, whereas It "was estimated
that at least $10,000 ought to be raised.
AX IDEAL AMERICA! C1TIZEX.
Governor Roosevelt, of New York,
who has been nominated for Vice
President by the Republican party, is
an Ideal American citiseni who has al
ways made his highest duty to himself
and his country In peace or war his
polestar. He is In Ills prime of Intellec
tual and physical manhood. He will
not be 42 years of ag until October 27
next. He comes of excellent American
stocjc, who for more than & century
have joined to superior capacity for
mercantile life, banking, law and poll
tics a passion for public and private
philanthropy of the practical sort, men
who had an aptitude for political re
form and carried fnto politics the strict
honor and integrity of their private
life. Governor Roosevelt clearly inher
ited his pugnacity and his robust taste
for fishing, hunting and Outdoor recre
ation. He was a political reform leader
in the New York Assembly in 1SS1, the
next year after his graduation from
Harvard College. He led the minority
In 1882-83 in their fight for state civil
service reform and primary election
laws. He abolished the fees of the
County Clerk and Register, reformed
the Sheriff's office and Surrogate Court,
deprived the Aldermen of power to con
firm appointments and conferred the
responsibility on tho Mayor. He was
chairman of the New York delegation
to the National Convention in 2SS4, and
was beaten for Mayor in 1886.
Roosevelt Is well equipped with the
knowledge that belongs to a states
man. His historical scholarship is at
tested by has "History of the Naval
War of 1812," by his "Life' of Benton,"
"Life of Gouverneur Morris," and other
works. He has done a vast amount
of useful, honorable and able work In
politics. Ills personality saved the Em
pire State" to his party In 189S. He has
a prompt, aggressive, energetic, fearless
and altogether honest intellect. He Is
a born partisan, who has no patience
with good-natured political optimism;
with that apathetic repose of spirit that
sometimes passes current for states
manship. Roosevelt never cajoles, never whee
dles, never flatters. He always strikes
straight from the shoulder, and seeks
to bear down opposition by the sheer
weight of Ms battle-ax. There is no
taint of the political dude about him.
He does not expect to put a lion to
flight by flapping a perfumed handker
chief in his (f ace. He has always been
a frank, truthful, steadfast friend, an
uncompromising but honorable foe.
Disdaining all concealment of his pur
poses, or his opinions, and all compro
mises with his foes, Roosevelt has
fought his way to the top of political
life trusting to nothing but the weight
of his sword and the strength of his
arm. His uncompromising, aggressive,
pugnacious temper sowed the seed of so
many petty resentmonts, sighing to be
satisfied in a crop of revenges and re
taliations, that it was wonderful he so
long escaped destruction fcrom the po
litical machine which he defied. TJp to
his return from the Cuban War, Roose
velt had been conspicuous with- Ellhu
Root in the ranks of the anti-Platt Re
publicans. He never conciliated. He
cultivated no social magnetism or tact
to compel love and melt hate every
where. His manners while marked by
manly dignity and cordiality, are not
distinguished for social charm. His
strength has been the fact that there
has been no taint of the dirty, trading,
treacherous, sycophantic politician in
his Imperious and forceful composi
tion His ascendency has been won by
hard knocks in the open field. He was
never found in ambush. He never tried
to corrupt the garrison or betray the
camp. He has been always a very
active and ambitious soldier in the Re
publican ranks, but he never forgot
that no gentleman can become an offi
cer by fraud and fawning without first
ceasing to be a gentleman. He has al
ways been a bold, daring, chivalrlc sol
dier, who scorned to play pirate, pick
pocket, brigand or pawnbroker in poli
tics. He nas never stooped to conquer.
He would not accept a crown if he had
to kneel and grope In the dust for it.
To Ms friends Roosevelt Is open, kind,
cordial and true; but he is never obse
quious to the crowd. He never con
ceals his likes and dislikes; never fires
from ambush or uses the weapons of
uncivilised warfare. With some super
ficial infirmities of temper and man
ner, he is a brave, able, patriotic and
entirely practical statesman. He Is a
man of splendid personal courage and
enthusiastic patriotism, and it Is the
memory of Roosevelt leading his men
in the charge that gave us victory be
fore Santiago that has made him dear
to the hearts of the people, who remem
ber to his advantage what feats he
did that day. Courage is a common
and cheap virtue sometimes, but the
courage of RooseveK was of the sort
that made old veterans pf the regular
Army cheer him as a.man who did not
fear his fellowship to die with them
side by side under the folds of the
American flag.
Theodore Roosevelt was nominated
for Vice-President by the voice of the
American people, because in peace or
war he has always been a thorough
man from scalp to sole, not a mere
cockade in war or a weather-cock in
politics.
MISTAKES OP COXSCIUPTIOJf.
Lord Rosebery .favors the reforma
tion of the existing military system of
Great Britain through the adoption of.
some form of conscription. It has been
suggested that the militia ballot law,
suspended since 1829, be revived. It
makes all male persons between the
ages of 18 and SO liable to military serv
ice, according to tho quotas called for.
though It grants many exemptions and
permits of the employment of substi
tutes. It Is doubtful If such a draft
could be errfcTced today successfully In
Great Britain or in the United States.
LWhen our war with. Spain broke out
we easily obtained 250,000 volunteers,
and our regiments for the Philippines
were promptly fyied up by voluntary
cnJistment; but during onr Civil War,
when our Government undertook to en
force a draft or conscription, It met
with a riotous resistance, and was an
unpopular measure chiefly because It
permitted of the employment of substi
tutes. It was plausibly said in 1803 that
under the conscription act It was a
poor man's blood against a rich man's
money, for exemption from personal
servico could be obtained by a drafted
man on payment of 300 to the Govern
ment or by ftrroisbirwr a substitute. The
K&rafted man who could not find the
money or the substitute was obliged to
render personal service, and naturally
the poor man who was drafted hated
the Government which permitted the
well-to-do conscript to buy exemption
from personal service. No man is ex
empt from military service in the great
Continental armies of Europe, except
on the ground of physical infirmity.
If he is pronounced by the army sur
geons mentally sound and physically
fit for a soldier, he cannot buy exemp
tion 6r furnish a substitute. He can
only escape personal military nervlce?
by flight from his country. If there
should ever be another general draft In
this country. It -ould be dangerous to
public order to permit escape from ser
vice by payment of money or furnishing
a substitute. In event of a great war
with France or Russia, Great Britain
would doubtless be obliged' to resort to
conscription. If seriously threatened
with invasion.
"WHAT cure: for thts wrong t
The Southern delegates violently pro
tested; and the Philadelphia convention
receded from Its purpose If It had a
purpose to establish proportional rep
resentation. It might have been de
sirable that some other than ex-Senator
Quay be found to urge the reform.
His motives are not above suspicion.
They are not founded on any sincere
desire to do an act of plain right and
justice. Equitable reapportionment
would especially benefit Pennsylvania;
but, behind- that clear advantage, Quay
'.ought to make the convention an
agency to administer a rebuke to
Hanna, who is largely responsible for
the delivery of the Republican party
of the extreme South Into the hands
of disreputable politicians and charac
terless adventurers.
What genuine right had the South to
protest, and why should Its protest
have been heeded!? There is something
monstrous in the assumption of these
men many of them that they are an
integral part of the Republican party,
and should have an influential and de
terminative voice In making Its nom
inations, shaping its policies and con
trolling Its destinies. They do noth
ing for the Republican party except to
get it Into trouble and bring upon it
reproach and scandal. They have se
cured for It the contempt and the fear
of most respectable Southerner?, who
oppose it because they muit, and who
despise its disreputable leaders because
In common decency they cannot help
it. They leave the burden of Repub
lican endeavor to the North and to the
border states, while they fatten on the
spoils. Others sow, but they reap.
Nearly all contests of consequence
before the National convention come
from states whose total Republican
vote does not equal the vote of Oregon.
Louisiana showed up with three con
testing delegations, Texas and Ala
bama with two each. In all there had
been bitter rows over the control of
the machine, because under this Ad
ministration the machine is the sole
avenue through which the patronage Is
dispensed. There was apparent In no
Instance, where the Federal Brigade
was clamoring for recognition, a high
and worthy purpose to make of the Re
publican party a useful and efficient
organization to carry an election and
establish Republican principles. On
the contrary, it Is regarded as a mere
packboTse upon which may be loaded
personal ambitions and petty strug
gles to get out of politics an there
Is in it. The President systematically
reposes In the state machine the power
of peddling out the offices. The pro
tests of all others are unheeded. The
Wlmberlys are given fat place over
the Indignant remonstrances of all
Louisiana. When the ax is laid at the
root of tho evil by a Republican Ad
ministration, we shall be relieved of the
humiliating spectacle of quarrellrsg and
fighting placemen trying to break Into
a Republican convention. Ani If the
Administration does not do Its duty, the
convention itself can minimize the evil
by reducing the representation and giv
ing them less to say and making It 1m
possble for any candidate for a renoml
natlon to secure it by the simple pro
cess of packing a convention with his
own creatures.
IMPORTATIONS FROM THE TROPICS
According to the "Summary of Com
merce and Finance," which has just
been Issued by the Treasury Bureau of
Statistics, our imports of tropical
products in the ten months ending with
April aggregated in value over $S00,
000,000, an average of over $1,000,006 a
day, and indicating a total value for
the year of $365,000,000. These Imports
show a wide diversity of products. In
tho list we find India rubber, fibers,
raw silk, cotton, cabtaet woods, Indigo,
ivory, dyewBOods, and many lines of
chemicals. Of most of these things the
manufacturers of the United States re
quire and take In constantly increasing
quantities. The importation of raw
materials for auxiliary use in manufac
turing forms more than one-third of
our total imports, and a large propor
tion of this comes from the tropics. Of
India rubber alone the Imports of the
ten months amount to more than $27,
600,000; of fibers, $20,000,000 worth were
importedt of raw silk, $40,000,000 worth;
of cotton, over $7,000,000; and of gums,
more than $5,000,000.
Sugar, of course, leads in the con
stantly Increasing proportion of Im
ported foodstuffs. The proportion of
this product that comes from the trop
ics is much greater than In immediately
preceding years, the Dutch East Indies,
lying not far distant from the Philip
pines, being now our largest single
source of sugar supply.
For the ten months the value of the
sugar Importations exceeded $30,000,000,
a fact which, taken In connection with
our increased domestic supply; shows
an enormous growth in sugar consump
tion, that can only be accounted for In
Increasing prosperity among the work
ing people. The old days In which the
sugar bowl was kept In the thrifty
matron's lap at table and the contents
doleji out sparingly to the youngsters,
and In which candy was a luxury to
be enjoyed only upon the Fourth of
Jury, clearly belong to a-past era. The
"sweet tooth" Is In fact "one of the de
velopments of the age, and there is not
the least likelihood that It will tx- sur
feited either by our increasing impor
tations of sugar or the increase in
sugar-beet area and manufacture at
home, cor. Indeed, by both combined.
If the supply keeps up with, ths de
mand, it will have to bestir Itself con
stantly. So far as can be discerned by
means of statistics, tfeere is not the
Slightest danger of overproduction In
sugar.
The Boer leaders are praised by Ig
norant people for their recent raids on
Lord Roberts communications. They
do not deserve praise, but blame, for
their attack came too late. When Lord
Roberts was at Bloenrfontein, he was
dependent on & singrte Ion? railway line
for the food, ammunition and supplies
Of 69,000 men. If the Boers, instead of
wasting time besieging Wepener, or
scooping up small detachments of his
army, had concentrated their forces
and incessantly attacked the railway,
they might have long delayed Roberts'
advance. But this was never done un
til Lord Roberts had reached- Pretoria,
If there had been a natural-born leader
of mounted riflemen among the Boer
commanders, like th6 Confederate Gen
eral Forrest, Lord Roberts railway
communications would have been In
cessantly raided between Bloemfoa
telh and Norval's Pont from March 15
to May 1. The truth Is, the Boers have
exhibited a great deal more courage
than they hsve natural military
brains. Genera! Cronje, the roqment
he ceased to fight behind defences,
showed no military skill. General Jou
bert showed no enterprise before Lady
smlth in raiding General Butter's rail
way communications between Colenso
and Estcourt, In the very kind- of war
fare in which mounted- riflemen ought
to excel, the Boers have produced no
leader of superior talent.
Tha nomination of Governor Roose
velt for Vice-President probably will
send the Republican nomination for
Governor of New York either to Gen
eral Francl3 Vinton Greene, a distin
guished graduate of West Point, or to
Congressman Payne, of the Twenty
eighth New JTork District, chairman of
the committee of ways and means, and
leader of the Republicans In the House.
Payne is an old party warhorse, and
quite a famous speechmaker. If Gen
eral Greene should be nominated and
electedv he would not be the first West
Point graduate who hss risen to be
Governor of a state, for McCIellan was
elected Governor of New Jersey, Gen
eral Marmaduke Governor of Missouri,
General Fitzhugh Lee Governor of Vir
ginia, General Nlcholls Governor of
Louisiana, General P. 0. Hebert Gov
ernor of Louisiana.
Brigadier-General Ludlow, who for
more than a year has been Military
Governor of Havana, says that the
death rate of Havana was reduced from
65 In 1000 In the month of January, 1S99,
to less than 24 In 1000 In April, 1900.
Yellow fever has been destroyed as an
epidemic In Havana. The entire City
of Havana and other cities of the
Island have been scoured and cleansed.
Enlightened methods of sanitation have
prevailed. The harbor of Havana has
been purified. The streets have been
made cleaner, according to General
Ludlow, than those of Washington or
any other city he knows. Every house
has been Inspected.
The Mining Exchange can do a useful
and Important work. If It preserves
tho Integrity of its quotations, and If
It keeps wildcat schemes out of Its lists,
it will command public confidence, and
it will make Portland a mining center.
Mining is an- industry that is now con
tributing a large share to the prosperity
of the state. It has somehow been dif
ficult to persuade capital to take the
Interest in our mines that their merit
warrants. That is its misfortune and
ours. The outlook is for much better
things in future.
Most of the Gqjd Democrats of Chi
cago have been harmonized with the
Bryan faction. Ex-Mayor Hopkins, one
of the organizers of the Palmer-Buck-ner
movement of 1S96, declares that the
call for a meeting of Gold Democratic
leaders at Indianapolis after the Demo
cratic National Convention has been
held will not draw a corporal's guard,
and that the idea of nominating a third
ticket Is absurd. He predicts that the
platform made at Kansas City will be
made endurable; to the Gold Democrats.
The strength of the Republican party
Hcs, first, in the fact that better times
have come since McKinley was elected,
and second, that the re-election of Its
candidate will be a guarantee that the
battle of the standards shall not be re
opened for at least another four years.
The - labor interest, which "burnt its
mouth eating the cold pium porridge"
of hard times following Cleveland's last
election can take no risks in this cam
paign. "Mr. Croker- Is coming back to drive
the trust stock traitors out of Tam
many Hall," we are told, by one of his
New Tork ornars. Mr. Croker owns
1500 shares of ice-trust stock, Elizaleth
Croker 1500 shares, and F. S. Croker 25
shares. The cause of his great indig
nation evidently is that the Van Wycks
got the lion's share, and were found
out.
Native Hawalians are Democrats be
cause a Democratic President Grover
Cleveland prevented annexation. It
win bj difficult to convince the Demo
cratic party that it ought to be grate
ful to Mr. Cleveland for anything.
Chairman Lodge might have added
a touch of realism to the proceedings
by recognizing him as Governor Tay
lor, of Kentucky, via Indiana.
Some people are born great, some
achieve greatness, and others have
Vice-Presidencies thrust upon them.
Judge Tripp may well wonder, If his
boom was so soon to be done for, what
was It ever begun for?
Jim Ashton, too, was seen and heard.
Now let the campaign proceed.
"XOT A WALK-CYER."
Earnest Note of. Warning From a.
IiCndtRK Republican .lonrnal.
The Chicago Times-Herald, one of the
most earnest of Republican journals,
known also for the specially Intimate and
friendly relations between Its editor and
President McKinley, In Its issue of Sun
day last had an article entitled "Not a
Walk-Over," portions of which follow.
Partisanship likes to shut the eyes to dif
ficulties and dangers but the truest friends
I of a party ere those who speak with
entire platnuerR. "Harmony" hi a con
vention la not always an assurance of
success la an election. It behooves Re
publicans to read and consider statements
like these, and not cherish the delusion
that the contest Is already won. The Pa
cific States will vote for McKinley, for
expansion is th chief argument that will
move thenu bat whether this argument
will have the aanie force on the Atlantic
side no one Is entitled to say; and, roore I
overt otper arguments, as tnesa reianng
to trusts and labor, will probably have
more weight there than here. The Tunes
Herald says:
It Is about time- the Republican leaders quit
congratulating themselves over tha rosy pros
pect and face the fact that their party will
not have a walk-over next November. Tho
story of political conventions Is toll of warn
ings ttfat Infernal harmony often precedes &
fall at the polls. It begets recklessness and a
neglect of the- means necessary to win before
the poople.
The tlmo has gone by when the leaders and
the rank and file of any one party can elect
wbonr tbey chooso and upon, whatsoever ot,
principles they may sea fit to formulate. When
parties grow arrogant and merely Btndy their
own anna and desires they Invite the destruc
tion promised to tba folly that says there Is
no Ood which In a republic Is equivalent to
saying there Is no people.
The Republican party may well plume Itself
cq tho passage of tho sound-currency bill, es
tablishing our finances on a solid, single gold
standard. In that enactment tho party has
fulfilled tho promise and expectation of its vic
tor' la ISM.
But that very enactment has loosened the
bonds that held thousands of independent
voter? to the Republican ticket. The country Is
securs' for at least six- years from any success
ful assault on (U financial credit.
This alone liberates thousands of voters from
the necessity of supporting tho Republican
ticket as tho only defense against the legions
of repudiation and National dishonor.
That the Democracy Intends to avail Itself of
the hopelessness of a campaign against the
gold standard Is proved by the Indeflnlteness
of its state utterances In Indorsing the 18-to-l
plank of tho Chicago platform.
Neither must tho Republican convention Ig
nore tho fact that there are thousands or
voters who cast their ballots for McKinley and
Ilobart four years ago who aro stubbornly dis
affected toward the party's JpoHcy or want of
policy In Porto Rico and tho Philippines. There
Is the possibility of the loss of many votes on
the false cry of Imperialism.
The strong and unquestionable card of tho
Republican party is the wonderful prosperity
of the people and the Nation. This prevents
disaffection In the part) ranks, but it Is not
a powerful Influence In winning votes.
Let us summarize half a dozen questions that
may cost the Republican ticket votes:
1. The Agitation Agalnt imperialism.
J. The Army Canteen Question.
JL "Our Plain B-uty" to Porto Rico.
i. Backward Steps In the Civil Service
S. The Hay-Pouncefote Treaty.
0. The Sampson-Schley Controversy.
We do not Include the subject of trusts tn
this enumeration of weak spots In the Repub
Ucan armor, for the opposition is without s
lance that can pierce it, and the scandal over
the lea trust in New York has operated to the
disadvantage of the Democrats.
But the Republican party must pronounce
boldly for a Constitutional amendment provid
ing for the election of United States Senators
by popular vote In the states. The Senate Is
the stronghold of trust Interests, and It must
be reformed.
"We have said enourh to show that the Re
publican convention canno afford to regard Its
nominees as good as elected.
It may well Teroember that after Philadel
phia comes Kansas City, nnd after ICansar
City, November.
Thero exo a million votes in tho TJnltd
States upon which no party has a mortgage.
Harmony In Juno does not insure a walk
over next fall.
TRUSTS AND THE PROMOTER.
Tlie Era of Speculation Apparently
Searing- an End.
Now York Journal of Commerce.
No one has been discussing Industrial
combination's lately with more intelligence
than Mr. Dill, whoSa professional work
has made him exceptionally familiar with
the topic His address at Williams Col
lege was particularly valuable, because
H draws tho Una clearly between the
class of combinations that navo an eco
nomic Justification and that are for the
public good, though they cause some in
dividual hardships, and the combinations
that are created toy a spirit of npeculatlon,
and whose ends and means are alike bad.
Combinations of the former cles? began
many years ago. This more successful
competitor enlarged his establishment by
buying out the less successful ones, or
several manufacturers combined to pur
creaae materials In large quantities, and
therefore on better terms, or to avoid de
structive competition, or to save tho cost
of agencies and traveling salesman. All
these are economic and commercial rea
sons; they have developed tho partoeriihlp
and the small corporation, and the de
velopment of thp large corporation is
merely a continuation of the same proc
ess. But a few "years ago tho promoter
observed this process of consolidation and
he concluded that there was money In It
for him. So be got options on various
concerns and effected their consolidation
with a capitalisation in excess of the
valuo of tho business, a good part of the
excess being his fee. It was worth to
him what he could sell It for, and tho
parties to tho combination were generous
in the matter, because It did not cost them
anything. It the stock voted to the pro
moter were worth anything, it would bo
made so out of the public; they retained
stock that represented more than the
valuo of their property, and they felt that
what tbey were giving away cost them
nothing.
But this .issue ef stock had to be mar
keted, This brought the financier Into
tho transaction. The creation of stock for
sale had to be Increased still further, so
that there should be enough to go around,
satisfying the promoter, the members of
the combination and the financier. The
most distinguished of promoters admitted
to the Industrial Commission that the
common stock of these combinations rep
resented no value. It served primarily as
counters in the game of speculation, and
It secured 'to the holders a share in the
profits if tbey should exceed an amount
necessary to pay 7 or 8 per cent on the
preferred stock. Tho stock Issues being
far In excess of the actual Investment la
the business, the opportunities of profit
In stock speculation became greater than
those In dealing in the products of manu
facture, and here tho pirate appeared oa
the scene. So Mr. Dill traced -fee succes
sive appearances of the promoter, the
financier, tho speculator and the pirate In
combinations, formed for no real indus
trial or economic purpose, but for the
sake of manufacturing and speculating in
securities.
We quite agree with Mr. Dill that most
of the evils of these combinations aro
working out their own remedy, and we
presume that She rest would do so. Wo
are as much opposed to Legislative med
dling as he h?. It Is almost Impossible
to frame a. law that shall strike the spec
ulative combination and leave untouched
the economic combination. But we be
lieve the overcapitalization might advan
tageously -be stopped. It Is true that the
public is growing shy of buying speculat
ive stocks, and that if overissues cannot
be sold there will be no motive for their
creation. But this Is a slow and ex
pensive process. The burnt child dreads
the fire, but tho burns are apt to be seri
ous, and it would be wiser to prevent the
fire so far as may be." Legislation that has
been drawn by promoters and speculators
In the Interest of stock-watering, and for
the promotion of speculation ought to be
repealed. The cornering of on industry
has proved impossible, the floating of
stocks that rest upon speculative rather
than real value Is growing more difficult;
the community does not need to fear great
ly the permanent effects of those non
economic combinations. But no state
ought to invite their creation and supply
facnitres for their raids upon the commu
nity. Paris Leads in Style.
Scottish American.
In what Is called "style" the Parisians
surpass the world. Nine out of ten drees
In black, which shows to the best ad
vsntago the fine figure and 'brilliant com
plexion. There Is usually a French touch
of color In the hat; the hair Is massed in
the most bewildering fashion, a veil with
black dots is always worn, and the en
semble la simply Indescribable. The shop
girls look liko fashion plates, and even
the housemaids have an air about their
dress which can be described only by the
word "Parisian."
GOSSIP OF THE NATIONAL CAPITAL
WASHINGTON'. Juno 17. The Western
people sill be ungrateful to the Republi
cans Jf they do not take into considera
tion a very magnificent piece of legis
lation which was passed at hls session,
which affected moat of the stateu west
of the- Mississippi River. The bill known
as tho free homes bai, walch passed both
houses and became a law, had been pend
ing In Congress for five or six years. It
was in the closing days of the 50th Con
gress and in the cist and 52d Congresses
that a great deal of legislation was put
through providing for the cession of In
dian lands In various Western States and
providing for their being opened to set
tlement, and usually In such cases quite
high prices were allowed the Indians for
the lands. Each of theee concessions pro
vided that the settlers should pay for tne
lands the full price which was pild by
the Government to the Indians. It was
soon found that this was a great hard
ship tb men, especially where the prico
was S2 50 or more an acre, and even $1 25
was a great deal to pay by persons wha
had gone upon the lands In good faith to
make homes, and further, when It was
contrary to tho spirit of the homestead
law, which did so much to settle the Wesx
In previous years.
All the efforts to secure the passage of
a bill which would relieve the eettlers
from the payment of this great price per
acre has failed In every Congress. It
was In this session that the matter was
taken up In earnest and pressed with a
determination to eecure consideration.
Speaker Henderson was unable to stem
the tide which Speaker Reed succcssfuhj
resisted for four years, and finally al
lowed the bill to bo considered, and it was
passed with little or no opposition. Tha
people of these Western States, who aro
on these reservations, and those who
wish to go upon the ceded lands, which
were held back because of the fact that
tbey bod to pay for thear, wUI probably
not be stampeded either by the cry of
silver, by trusts, or Imperialism to support
tho Democratlo party.
The Situation in Kaunas.
Some considerable appreheneion is fell
by the Kansas Republicans because of
the strong sentiment among the old sol
diers o& that state against Pension Com
missioner Bvana. It will be recalled that
Kansas has a larger soldier vote than any
other state in the Union, and the old
soldier Is a great factor In Kansas poli
tics. A number of undesirable decisions
rendered by Commissioner Bvana have
affected Kansas veterans, who, as a re
sult, are ud in arms and clamoring for
Evans removal, and threatened to bolti
the KepuDiican ucKet uniesa soiae in
surance Is given that Evans will not be
reappointed at tho head of tho Pension
Bureau. Republican politicians familiar
with the conditions in that state say,
however, that there Is a slight indication
that tho anti-JEvans sentiment Is dying
out, and they hope by the time the elec
tion la on that the feeling against the
Commissioner will have so subsided as
hardly to be considered an issue. To se
cure this end, the Republican leaders have
been Injecting with all possible i'orco
other and more important issues Into tne.
Kansas campaign, in the hope of divert
ing tho minds of the veterans to tne reai
Issues and Important questions of the
day. They well realize that at best the
situation la very precarious, and that It
Kansas goes to the Fusion party, it will
bo after a very1 bitter and determined,
fighf. Kansas Republicans are anxious to
give their electoral vote for McKinley,
but the fuslonlets are equally enthusiastic
for Bryan, and the campaign In that state
promises to be very Interesting apd lively.
If tho Republicans win. It will be because
they have worked incessantly under a
heavy handicap, and have won well-deserved
laurels" for themselves and their
party.
Brynn May Have Two Mates.
Chairman Butler, of the Populist Na
tional Committee, takes a more sensible
view of the Democratic Vice-Presidency
than many" members and leaders of h'.a
party. He admits that be ould like to
see Mr. Towne nominated by the Demo
crats as the running mute for Bryan, but
thinks there will be, no friction. If some
other man Is chosen for that distinction.
He says first of all the Democrats should
select some man who would make an ac
ceptable President In case of Bryan's re
moval, and thinks that such a man will
encounter no difficulty. Butler says that
in case there are two Vice-Presidential
nominees, they will work In harmony for
the Bryan cause, and! will strengthen
rather than weaken It. After making his
run out through a part of the West, the
Populist chairman declares that the Dem
ocrats of the West are very confident,
and that personally he does not see how
Bryan can be defeated, "unless the Dem
ocrats do oome foolish thing not now an
ticipated." Still Irintlne Bryan's Speecb.es.
'In the campaign material which1 has
been manufactured of late through the
medium of the Congressional Record It
Is observed that there are very few Dem
ocratic or Populist speeches that are com
plete without inserting the speeches of
Bryan, and also the long tables of trusts.
These tables of trusts and those speeches
of Bryan have been printed over and
over again In tha Record, and as many as
a dozen different Senators and Repre
sentatives have used them as a part of
their remarks. Of course, the well-known-object
of this Is to have these documents
made subject to the frankms laws, so
that they can bo shipped all over the
United States without the payment of
postage.
VIES AXD WOHES.
The latest fad of Emperor William of Ger
many Is the collecting of the hoots and shoes
of famous people. He has already got together
at Potsdam some 2000 pairs.
Girls are not employed at tho telephone
switchboards at Cairo, Egypt. Men ere used,
and are required to unjle.stand English,
French, Italian, Greek and Arable.
Congressman John Allen, of Mississippi, has
Intimated to eA-eral of his friends- that he will
probably retire at the end of his present term.
He has served In all eight consecutive terms.
R. C- Gill, the veteran superintendent of
models in the Patent Office, at Washington,
has charge of about 400.000 models of United
States MnvenUons patented during a period of
over 100 years.
J. C Monoghan, who has been appointed
Professor of Commerce In the new School of
Commerce to be opened at "the University of
Wisconsin, this Fall, has recently resigned as
Consul of the" United States at Chemnitz. Ger
many, where ho has been Etatloned for tha
last seven years. He was one of the Demo
cratic Consuls who were retained under the
McKinley Administration.
The Countess of Pembroke, at a recent drawing-room,
wore a magnificent white and sIHer
gown and light peach velvet train, which was
trimmed with old point de Flandre that had
once belonged to and had been worn by Queen
Elizabeth. It was In admirable preservation,
and consisted of deep flounces, partly of floral
design, and also displaying a terrace walk,
with birds on pedestals quaint and curious.
The Townsend triplets, old ladles aged 77
years, celebrated their birthday In Knox Coun
ty, Maine, June 20. They are In excellent
health. When young girls, the "Townsend
triplets," as they were everywhere known,
worked In the cotton mill, where General N.
P. Banks spent his youthful days as a bobbin
boy. The sisters entertain very pleasant mem
ories of the lad who afterward rose to such
distinction.
The Craze of Lynch Iner
New Orleans Times-Democrat.
There Is not any manner of doubt but
that a fearful wrong was done by a
crowd of people from. Mississippi City,
Guifport and Blloxl when they lynched
the two negroes, Askew and Rusa. yester
day morning, soon after midnight. Not
so much as a tittle of -evidence- pointed
to tho complicity of two men In the out
rage and murder of Christina Wlntersteln;
but, on the contrary, every vestige of tes
timony obtained or obtainable pointed- to
the diabolical crime as being the work
of one man.
.NOTE AND COMMENT.
'
Today's weather Guess for yourself.
Judge Bortlett Tripp did not even alsrf
run.
Teddy wanted to no, but they didn't
let him.
Thomas C. Piatt, of New York, te'sow"
shouting, "Long live McKinley." -
And now the question arises, Who la
the Roosevelt of the Democracy?
If Bryan had his -ear to tho ground yes
terday he undoubtedly hoard something
drop.
The Administration wanted but llttlo in
Philadelphia, but it didn't get that llttlo
Long.
The Chinese tongs which are makmjf
eo much trouble around Pekin do not
belong to .the ice trust.
Tho man -who built tho Oregon had
to retire gracefully before the man that
filled the pages of history with the re
cords of his deeds.
The mnte. Inglorious "Webstcrs -who have failed
to naVe a name,
Eecause the headlong Roosevelt boom blockel
up the road to fame.
Now bitterly reflect on fate, and enrse their
cruel lot.
For well they knew their part, and they wer
Johnnies on tho spot. .
Bnt now thoy boo their dreams of fame, libs
-3hadorcs, quickly -fade.
The nominating speech, they wrote was never
never mode.
In words of burning Import and of most Im
posing length
They pictured forth the' candidates whoso
longest suit was strength.
In metaphor and simile most beautiful to read.
They pointed out tho very man to fill the Na
tion's need.
And rhetoric and eloquence were strikingly
displayed.
In the3o Boul-stlrrmg speeches that, alas! .were
never made.
They bad them, finished months ago, and
proudly laid them by.
To pull them forth and shout them out. In
words' that shook the sky;
They gave their copies out td the Associated
Press,
Eg that tho local papers need not publish them
by guess;
But ere thoy got the floor the game was both
begun and played.
And- we'll ne'er see the speeches that wera
never, never made.
In base, lgnohlo manuscript they'll gather
mold- and dust.
With never enco ah. editor to mark the copy
"must."
Tho strongly worded passages intended to en
thrall Each woman, man and little child In that con
vention hal
Must He unopened and unread until they are
decayed;
Alas! for all tha speeches tha were sever,
. saver made.
Individualism in War.
Brooklyn Eagle.
Engllsbmieni are nearing tho time when
the lessons- learned In the South African
war must bo applied to the reorganization
of their own military, system, unless they
are willing to risk a repetition, at some
future date and on a greater scale, of
those disasters whfth marked the earlier
stages of tho conflict with the little Boer
republics. No campaign of modern times
has so completely demonstrated the valuo
of- individualism In the field. The Boer
is an independent, Intelligent unit, qulto
capable of fighting without continual di
rection from Ms officers. His eye ta
trained to Judge distances under all sorts
of meteorological conditions, he never
makes the mistake of sighting bis rifle
for a thousand yards when the distance is
only six hundred, he I9 taught that reck
less exposure to death Is jiot neceesarlw
' the most useful type of bravery, and his
inherent ability as a scout prevents him,
as a general thing, from blundering head
long into defeat. So much confidence
have the Boer generals in the Individual
fighting standard of their men that they
have been able on many critical occa
sions to thin their lines to a point whiob.
an English or Continental officer would
have considered suicidal.
The defects of. the "Boer military system
are the merits or the British. Tho
burgher army to practically untrained, as
an army and the tendency to individual
action !a in consequence, not Infrequently
carried too far. When driven from po
sition alter position, as tbey are today,
the Boera would be more than human if
their forces withstood tho inevitable at
trition that follows ta the work of con
tinuous defeat. They may cut Off detach
ments and harass communications, they
may wlthcttuw artillery into eafety, but
they cannot, in the long run, sustain any
thing better than a disjointed and use
less guerrilla campaign. Their mobility
In the field; their skill in tne mtrenoning
under any and all conditions; the general
efficiency of their officers, due to practical
and not theoretical training; the cultiva
tion of Individualism, which Includes abil
ity to shoot and scout; theee are among
tho military virtues possessed by tho
Boer which England and the world at
large will be compelled to copy.
PLEASANTRIES OP FARAGRAPHERS
"One gret trouble wld dis yearf," said
Uncle Ebon, "la dat so many folks, hab seen
high ambitions combined wld sech low prin
ciples." Washington Star.
An Offer to Be Considered. "What's that
message from Agulnaldp?" "Ha sends word
he will cheerfully quit fighting long enough to
come over and help U3 civilize StL Louis."
Indianapolis Journal.
In the Near Future. Mrs. Bull (of London)
Isn't It unreasonable to spend every nlghjt
tn tho week at your club? Mr. Bull But, my
dear. It's a rifle club, and every patrlotlo
Briton must learn to shoot! Puck,
True to His Faith. Mrs. Sparks CanH you
got that stovepipe together, John? Rev. Mr.
Sparks No, I cannot, Mary; and If It wasn't
that rm a minister of the gospel, I'd kick
the Whole darn business to pieces. Judge.
Neely and Agulnaldo. "Boer Sympathizer I
think our country ought to back up that young
and struggling South African Republic Cau
tious Citizen ph. I don't know. Things In
Cuba and tho Phillplnes look as If our country
needed some young and struggling republic to
back: her up. Chicago Record.
1
Vocation.
Katharine Tynan In the Spectator.
If I might chooso my simple lot
Far from town and quite forgot.
All In a sheltered nook and warm,
'Tls I would .have a violet farm.
No daffodils should me entice,
fpr hyacinths with their breath of splcA
The tulip with her painted hood
For me should wither whero, she stood.
Instead of sheep upon the sward.
The modest violet I should herd;
Instead of golden heads a-row.
Should see my violet harvest blpw.
Under an arch of -w lid. wild cloud.
Below an opal mountain bowed,
All In a humid world and cool.
With winds and waters beautiful.
What airs across my farm should fare!
Tls sweet where pinks and roses aro, .
But pinks and roses hide the face
Before a violet-peopled place.
No shortest day of all the year
Should fade without a violet's cheer,
Invisible sweetness hid within
And folded up in swathes of green.
Though white and purple babes be boru
When DaffotWlI his flaming horn
O'er enilet hills and vales shall sound
And stir the sleepers underground;
What country bliss can equal mine.
With violets for my flocks and klne.
With vlblets for my corn and store?
What could a mortal wish for more?
Under a mountain pansy-darlt,
Loved of tho eagle and the lark,
And set too low for fear or harm,
'Tls I woofd have a violet fans.