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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (April 21, 1900)
y&rtfrhbMtnt44irtriizrpqt msytew. rBr;g&9&8iyHtawt$ grw' - THE MOItyiNG OBEQONIAN, SATURDAY, APML' 21, 1900. he (Dttegomcm Catered at tha Pntofflo at Portland. Oregon. ' u aecond-clui matter. TELEPHONES. Editorial Rooms... .169 I Business) oae.-..G5T REVISED SUBSCRIPTION RATES. By Mall (portage prepaid), la JUnnn Dally. wlthSunday, per month... .... 40 S3 Dally, Sunday excepted, per year .... 7 SO Dally, with Sunday, per year .. 9 00 Eunday, per year 2 00 Tie Weekly, per ytar... .... .... 1 SO The Weekly. 3 months..................., CO To City Subscribers Dally, per week, delivered. Sunday excepted.l3o Dally, per week, delivered. Sunday! includedOe The Oregcnlan doe not buy poenw or stories from Individual!, and cannot undertake to re turn any manuscript! sent to It without solicita tion. No atatnpi should be Inclosed tor thla purpose. News or discussion. Intended for publication la The Oregonlan ahould be addressed Invariably Editor The Oregonlan." not to the name of any Individual. Letters relating to advertising, subscriptions or to any trainees matter should be addressed limply "The Oregohtan." Puget Sound Bureau Captain A. Thompson. oSlce at 1111 PaclDe avenue. Tacoma. Box SIS. Tacoma postcface. Eastern Eminent OftVe The Trlbuns build tr.g. New Tork city: 'The Rookery.- Chlcaco; the S. C Deckwlth specie! agency. New Tork. For sale In 8an Francisco by J. K. Cooper. T8 Market street, near the Palace hotel, and at Goldsmith Bros.. 238 Sutter street. For sale In Chlcaco by the P. a New! Co, 817 Dearborn street. TODATS WEATHER. Fair, with northwest winds. POItTUXD. SATTODAY, APIUL 21. MEANS TO EXDS. The Republican party represents defi nite purposes. It is for the sold stand ard and for expansion: and It opposes the financial follies and the socialistic anarchistic scheme adopted four years ago by the Democratic party and still held by it. If men. believe In the great purposes for which the Republican party stands, they should vote for Republicans. There Is no other way to support or promote those purposes. If they do not want the purposes for which the Demo cratic party stands, under its modern leadership, to succeed, they should vote directly against that party, especially against its candidates for political of fices. There is nothing rational in pro fessing a fear of the Democratic party, a dislike of its tendencies, and yet hugger-muggering In "fusion" with It. The way to sustain the gold standard and sound finance, to uphold expansion and to keep A check on the dangerous tendencies of the Democratic party, which the industry and business of the country so much dread, is to vote with the Republican party that is. to vote for Its candidates. Rational men can not expect results unless they use the means necessary to obtain them. TIIC AXE LAID AT THD HOOT. Thomas G. Shearman, of New York, has published a letter on trusts which is a very notable performance. He goes to the very root of the matter when he says that restriction in one form or another is the actual basis of trusts: yet all legislation aimed at trusts is founded on this same Idea of restriction, and therefore is without ef fect. This is the way he puts it: iOne restriction Is piled upon another by leg islation, and still a. third upon both: and In this ar It Is somehow hoped that liberty will be established by multiplying restraints upon liberty. The commerce and trade of the coun try are tied up with chalm by the truit mo nopolies; and then Congress and the Leglsla tures seek to nulUfy the effect of these chains by chaining the chains. It Is seriously pro posed to restore free competition by prohibit ing trust combinations from entering Into com petition. Laws have been passed for the avowed purpose of preventing combinations which control two-thirds of the production of any article from selling their goods In compe tition with the producers of the remaining third. It Is no cause for wonder that all the so-called anti-trust laws have resulted In Ig nominious failure, and that the number of trust combinations never Increased so rapidly as since tnese laws were enacted. It is admitted that errors and evils are attendant upon liberty: but. as Ma caulay said, the remedy for these er rors and evils is more liberty. So Mr. Shearman says the remedy for monop oly is the opening and freeing of the currents obstructed by monopoly. "We quote again: It Is simply absurd to make any effort to pro hibit or to regulate trust! and combinations, while their causes are left untouched. If tho American people shrink from competition with other nations of the earth, and deem them selves Justified In preventing such competition by force, they have no moral right to com plain If American capitalists take advantage of the laws which prevent foreign competition to make them Instruments to prevent domestic competition also. Neither have Americans, who believe In preventing competition by force, any moral right to complain of capitalists who pre vent domestic competition by fraud. The one is Just as moral, or Immoral, as the other. From this Mr. Shearman points out that the one great source of American monopolies though not the sole one is our protective tariff system. Through such combinations as the steel trust, the sugar trust, the .copper trust, the wire trust, the paper trust, and many more, with their arbitrary methods and unconscionable profits, this truth Is borne in on the mind of the country with a force never known before. "The remedy," says Shearman, "and the only remedy, for the evils of domestic mo nopolies is the repeal of all laws which pretend to give to any man, rich or poor, protection against natural com petition, any artificial monopoly of nat ural resources, or any advantage which is not thrown open, on equal terms, to all human beings." XAVIGATIOX LAWS FOR HAWAII. The extension of the American navi gation laws to Hawaii would leave the ocean transportation business of the entire Pacific Coast with those islands at the mercy of four men. Over 75 per cent of the tonnage in this trade under the American flag Is controlled by C. P. Huntington, Senator Perkins, John D. Spreckels and W. H. Mlghell. The re mainder of the tonnage is In small sail ing vessels, which are out of date except for small business Tn slow freight. The protection extended to the American vessels will le fully appreciated by the four men mentioned, but what of the 2.000,000 producers on the Pacific Coast, who must pay the freight? It is very nice to be patriotic and drive every flag out of our ports except the Stars and Stripes, but will it increase our facili ties for reaching the markets of our new possessions? Another point which may not be ap preciated by, the producers of Oregon and "Washington is that the four men in control are all Callfornlans, and their heaviest interests He In the state to the south of us. A farmer with wheat lands lying contiguous to competing lines of railroad, each ready and anx ious to haul his nrodurt to ranrlint would seriously object to a state or fed- I eral law which would drive one of these lines out of business and leave him at the mercy of the other. The exclusion of all competition in transportation be tween the Pacific Coast, Hawaii and the Philippines (the latter must event ually have the same laws as Hawaii) is fully as unjust for the producers, as it would be to prohibit their shipping their products by any land transporta tion line they might select. Some time it will dawn on the great American public that we are more in terested in getting our vast stores of agricultural and other products to the world's markets by the cheapest possi ble method ihan in making a handful of shipowners enormously rich by special dispensations to which they are less en titled than is the producer who is the actual creator of wealth. IT IS TIME TO ACT. ' The fundamental principle in trade is 'cost- All commodities are sold to the consumer on the basis of a percentage of profit added to the landed cost of the goods to the last distributing tradesman. This is true of foreign goods imported into this country, and it is true of American goods exported to foreign lands. High freights increase landed cost, and so do excessive duties. Import or export. "Imposts, if too heavy' says Blackstone, "are a check and cramp upon trade, and especially when the value of the commodity bears little or no proportion to the quantity of the duty Imposed. . . . There is also another ill consequence attending high imposts on merchandise not fre quently considered but Indisputably certain: that the earlier any tax Is laid on a commodity, the heavier it falls on the consumer in the end; for every trader through whose hands it passes must have a profit, not only upon the raw material and his own labor and time in preparing It, but upon the very tax which he advances to the govern ment." Taxes, surtaxes, consumption taxes, harbor taxes, specific duties, ad valorem duties, arbitrary and disproportionate valuations, and everything in the na ture of an Impost which the Govern ment can exact upon the authority of the barbarous Spanish tariff, are a "check and cramp" upon our trade in the Philippines. These Government ex actions, added to original cost in the United States, freights and the margin of profit upon landed cost, put the re tail prices of American goods beyond the reach of the great mass of the Fili pino people. They are the ones who will make trade profitable, for their de mands are large and varied. But they cannot take our fruits, butter, cheese, flour, crackers, paper, pickles and other products upon the terms we are com pelled to make. These are excessive, prohibitory. The Government is to blame for this unsatisfactory condition of affairs, not the exporter In the United States, nor the distributer In the Philippines. The tradesman at Manila, Ho Ho, Cebu, Legaspi, Apparri and Jolo must have a profit on every item of expense that attends the purchase of American goods. Otherwise, he loses the use and interest of the money he so advances. The foreign commerce of the. Pacific Coast needs a stimulus or a tonic in the Way of wider markets. Excepting the spurts in 1597, 1S98 and 1S39, it has been but little more than stationary since 1893. Our foreign commerce for the year ended June 30, 1839, was $105,080, 422, an increase of less than 11 per cent. In the same time the foreign oitnmirw of the remainder of the country In creased J25i.452.590, or over 16 per cent. We lost over $22,000,000 last year, while the rest of the country gained nearly JIOO.000,000. The following figures show the relation of Pacific Coast trade to that Of the rest Of thA mnnlnr and tho toiai 01 xoreign trade: . .- -. nest of . Pacific Coast. country. Total. ISM... W.417.473 X1.C20.O18.W3 11.714.000.11(1 JSHi A5'"'? M47.54S.004 1.524.1M.S5U l.&30.rH,130 1.0S2.331.fll2 1.815. 723.DO, 1.S47.M1 nvi ISSfl... 04.01)2.833 l,S07,iaS.779 1K97... 104.fi27.2J4 1.711.(10.5.004 1RM... 127.392.818 1.720. 139. 1M 1899... 105.OS0.422 I.S10.001.3C9 1.024.171.791 The Philippines, anfl In tnr nil a.!.. are tributary to the Pacific Coast, and are Its legitimate and natural fields of commercial exploitation. But it is not likely that we shall get much of the trade at the outset The railroads are giving the Middle West shippers the same rates to the Orient that obtanl from the Middle West to Pacific Coast terminals. These rates, granted to meet competition from Europe via the Suez Canal, give the Middle West ex porter all the advantages he would have If he made the Pacific Coast his base of operations and rob us of the rights which are ours by geographical location. We are thus excluded from the Asiatic field so far as the handling of. Middle West products is concerned, as the goods will not stand the water rate In addition to the transcontinental tariff to our terminals. But there Is a market across the Pacific for our flour, preserves, dried fruits, butter, cheese, lumber, bacon and other products which we do not have to buy from the Middle West. Export of these commodities to the Philippines is checked and cramped by excessive and Inexcusable duties. A reduction of between 50 and 76 per cent in these charges would give the Pacific Coast a foothold for Its products in the Philippines and divert to these shores an enormous amount of trade now go ing to Europe. It should be made at once. negroes ix Tim transvaal. No intelligent man of veracity con siders the Transvaal "a sister repub lic." to use the pro-Boer designation of Paul Krugcr's oligarchy. The quality of the Transvaal Government is Illus trated by this dictum of the Transvaal law: The people shall not permit any equality of colored persons with white Inhabitants, neither In the church nor In the state. The laws of tho Transvaal prohibit a native from owning realty, refuse him marriage by civil or ecclesiastical, proc ess, and close the courts to him in any civil action against a white man. In the Boer courts the testimony of a negro has no weight by the side of a white man. while in civil claims he has no recourse or redress. The only mar riage he is permitted to practice is that under his tribal regulations. His pres ence Is forbidden on the slrfpwnlir nn he is obliged to wear a badge Indicat ing his servile origin and consequent legal defenselessness. The original Boer trek began because Great Britain insisted on the emanci pation or the negro. The Boers were enraced at the navmpnt nf wrfc-it fv... considered too small a compensation for their slaves, compared with the sum paid the West India planters, but this fact Will command small srainithv from tin Amprlnnn fnr thv UnaM ,... luckv to hnvpthnlr nmnerlv rlc-fetc In I slave labor considered at all by Great J Britain, for In our Civil War such rights were all Ignored for loyal and disloyal alike when the hotir of emancipation arrived. Prevented by treaty from continuing slavery in the Transvaal, the Boers enacted the laws we have recited, in order to compel the subjection of the blacks. In further satisfaction of their Immoral indifference to the welfare of their former slaves, the Boer Govern ment has permitted an unlimited sup ply of liquor in a country where every other white administration makes every possible effort to suppress the sale of liquor to the negro. the quay case. j.ne speecn or senator Burrows, deliv ered on the 12th inst, against the seat- ing or senator Quay, is described by the jrnuaaeipma iress as proving to a demonstration that the TTnltpfl RfnteV Constitution does not authorize tbe-j Governor of a state to appoint a Sena tor to fill a vacancy that begins during the session of the Legislature. -" -w .v.i;i Oliutto tlllk tile ikjrzik- ato in 1794, when nearly one-fourth of its memDersnip Had participated in framing the Constitution, refused to ad mit a Governor's appointee at the be ginning of a term, on the ground that the Legislature only could name a Sen ator for such a vacancy. He shows that the Senate, since its organization, has refused to admit to a seat in that body a Governor's appointee to a va cancy which began while the Legisla ture was in session; he recites the pre cedent in the Corbett case, when the Senate, hv n rftto nf rui tn -10 ,eA. vurutii, appoiniea alter me legis lature of Oregon had tried to elect, but had never fully organized. In this case? both Senators Quay and Penroso voted against, seating Corbett, whose title was stronger than that of Quay, who now, in face of his own vote. Insists that the Senate shall reverse the un broken precedent of a hundred years for his benefit. . Senator Burrows denounces with se verity the action of the Governor of Pennsylvania, who. In disregard of the mandate of the Constitution of his state, refused to call the Legislature together to elect a Senator. Mr. Bur rows believes that if the doctrine con tended for by Quay Is adopted, the elec tion of Senators by the people, which nas oeen asked for by thirty-four State Legislatures and recently by the over whelming vote of the House of Rep resentatives, will soon become an en acted fact. The resolution of the House, adopted by a vote of 240 to 15, takes away the election of Senators from the Legislature in all cases, and directs that the people shall vote for United States Senator. Such amend ment would probably be refused by the present Senate, which Includes a num ber of Senators who owe their seats to the present system and are not sure of their ability to retain them under a popular election. If the Senate en the 24th Inst votes to seat Quay, it will vote against the precedents established by Itself; It will enable a minority of Quay men in the next Pennsylvania Legislature to hold up the election, unless the Democrats should vote for a Republican, which Is unlikely. Governor Stone, who Is a mere creature of Quay, would reap point him and the Senate would again be compelled to recognize an unconstitu tional appointment Senator Burrows set forth this aspect of the situation with great force when he said: If the Governor may fill any vacancy he flnda existing when the Legislature Is In recess, lu the approaching election In Pennsylvania It will not be necessary for Mr. Quay to carry a majority of the Legislature, but only to secure a sufficient number of adherenU to prevent an election and force an adjournment. Governor Stone can again disregard the mandate of his own constitution, refuse to call a session of the Legislature, and again Issue his commis sion to Senator Quay. It Is gratifying If Representative Needham. of California, has begun to stir up the War Department to the ini quity of the present tariff rates and regulations In force in the Philippines, even if he Is somewhat late in taking hold of the work the Portland Cham ber of Commerce and tho Oregon dele gation In Congress have been pushing for the past six months. Not only he, but all other representatives of the Pacific Coast should move in this mat ter vigorously. If they will only do this, no objection will be made to each and all claiming to be the pioneers in the matter and makinir much of It vlih their constituents. The Philippine tariff is. like many other thlnes hnndtori iv the military, senseless from a commer-" clal standpoint and is very Iniurlaua to American trade with the islands, as well as to the business Interests of the archipelago generally. Conditions com mercially are worse in Manila today than they were at any time under Spanish rule. This Is due almost solely to military government which takes no note whatever of commercial interests. There must' be a change before business in the islands can be placed on a proper basis, and before our merchants can develop'the trade with the Philippines inai proper conditions would encour age. If our Oregon movement can be aided by the representatives of other states, a little political glory is a cheap price to pay. It is gratifying, there fore, to learn that Mr Npnrthnm hm reason to believe that his efforts will prove successful. Again we have a mongrel fusion un der the thin guise of a "citizens" ticket Of course, no one misunder stands the purposes behind the open combination between the Democrats and the sorehead Republicans on the Legislature. The Democrats are will ing to pay any price to achieve office, and the disgruntled McBrlde-Mitchell faction proposes at all hazards to de feat the Republican nominees. Mult nomah has near a fifth of ninety mem bers in the Legislature, and it might easily happen, if success were to crown this precious arrangement that a Dem ocratic United States Senator would be sent to Washington by a Democratic Oregon Legislature. That Is matter of no concern to the Mitchell-McBrlde operators. Their tactics are now, as they always have been, to knife any Republican ticket that happens not to be adorned by their particular brand. Bryan Is putting a physical strain upon himself that, in spite of his splen did equipment In this regard, is telling upon him In a marked degree. The strain under which Horace Greeley sunk in his desperate campaign for the Presidency was largely of the mental type. His physical constitution, never very robust was not levied upon by strenuous efforts to make the people hear his voice. His was a condition in which the blade was too sharp for the scabbard: Bryan's Is one in which the I scabbard Is .being literally worn out by I friction with the world. Like other men of originally great physical pow ers, .he refuses to see, or at least to acknowledge, that his strength is fall ing, but this fact was noticeable in a marked degree in the Interim between his speeches while on his Western tcur. It is a pity to see animal vigor suffi cient to carry a man along useful lines of endeavor that come within the scope of his Intellectual powers to a health ful old age literally beaten to death by the flail of political ambition la early manhood. Candidate Bryan will prob ably not realize his mistake until, as the preachers of a former era were want to say, "it is everlastingly too 1M. I, X Great Britain Is not responsible for jlhe famine in India, but has done much, and Is still doing much, to mitigate it (India is a very large country, contain ing nearly three hundred millions of people. Internal transportation Is yet Inadequate; for though the English have built 20,000 miles of railway In the country, vast regions are yet without railways, and transport of supplies for such multitudes, even when supplies can be had. Is a stupendous problem. Before the English went to India, fam ines were more frequent than now, and much more destructive. Failure of rain, with consequent failure of crops, is the cause of these calamities. In time but It will take a long time yet English enterprise and effort will re duce the consequences to minimum con ditions, but can never wholly avert them. Nothing is more unjust than abuse of Great Britain for the famine in India. It is English civilization alone that has provided such partial melioration of these recurrent dis tresses as wc now find In comparison kwlth the unrelieved horrors of former centurles. The usual shrinkage which Is shown by actual appraisement of millionaires' estates Is witnessed In the legal valua tion of the properties of the late Cor nelius Vanderbllt This estate, sup posed to have been worth at least $125, 000.000 at the time of Mr. Vanderbilt's death, last September, Is now sched uled at $60,000,000. This is not poverty for tho heirs, but it falls far short of the vast riches supposed to be their portion. The truth is that after a few millions have, been reached and passed in the process of accumulation, all es timates of personal wealth are esti mates merely, and are much more likely to exceed actual valuation than to fall below It A "citizens" ticket has been put forth for the Legislature from Multnomah County. It stands on no platform. It represents no principle. It was repu diated by the Democratic convention as a Democratic ticket It has the in dorsement only of those Republicans who happen to have their names there on. It Is a disowned hybrid, set adrift In a perplexing state of orphanage that excites no sympathetic effort on the part of any party, or recognized politi cal organization, to claim it as Its own. It takes no prophet to foretell Its fate. The dozen or fifteen persons who call themselves the "Good Government" party must feel that they have a great weight on their shoulders. There is, however, an impression that this body of estimable persons, whom one or two umbrellas would cover, do not monopo lize all desire of good government among us. Really, there must be some others who have an Interest in good government equal to their own. Last evening's banquet to Mr. Will iam Mackintosh was a merited tribute by Portland's bankers to a man whose h.eavy loss to this city becomes great gain to San Francisco. His business abilities and attractive personal quali ties combine o leave a vacancy in financial and social circles that cannot easily be filled, and the banquet testi fies to the appreciation in which he has here been held. We have heard much lately about the Legislative ticket the Democratic party for this county proposed to Indorse. Now it has been given to a waiting world. It is a "citizens" ticket, which the Democrats "ratified" but did not "nominate." Oh, what rare discrimi nation! General Klllfeather may be gone, but his illustrious example. In a most noble and elegant choice of words, lives after him. Our "reformers" complain that the Republican ticket for the county and city was "set up by a few men." But what of their own ticket? It is a prod uct of pure dicker, in which less than a dozen participated. It was "set up" from top to bottom, and then carried to the "convention' and put through. As an "anti-ring" performance, it is great Would it not be well for the Indian War Veterans to make some provision for the celebration by their descend ants of the passage of their pension bill, otherwise there might be no one alive to take note of the event when It occurs? Anti-Trust LeRUlntlon. Chicago Record. Washington, Representative Overstreet, of Indiana, of the Judiciary committee, will present a bill intended to set the Re publican party right before tho people in regard to the trusts. Ttiict measure has been framed with great core, and goes as far as the Constitution will Justify in regulating and restricting trusts, monop olies, corporations, copartnerships. Joint stock companies and other combinations of capital which seek to evade competi tion. The bill compels all combinations of capital engaged In commerce between tho states to publish periodically, like the National banks, sworn statements of their capital earnings, expenses, profits, dividends and other details of their busi ness. In addition to this bill, it Is proposed to report a resolution to be submitted to the Legislatures of the several states In tho form of a Constitutional amendment, extending the Jurisdiction of Congress over all combinations to monopolize trade or commerce. It is Intended to have the House of Rep resentative pass this bill and resolution at tho present ssJon, for the purpose of making a record upon which the Republi can party can go before the people. 9 1 Tvocr Presidents. Poultncy BIgelow. writing In the Inde pendent, sizes up Undo Paul as "a single-minded, courageous, gruff. Illiterate cattle-driver, with the soul .of a Cromwell nnd the education of a red Indian." Con versing with Undo Paul Is like conversing with "a shepherd out of the seventeenth century." be tells us. but Steyn's talk Lt tho talk of "a trained lawyer and a prac tical statesman." This Is rather Interest ing and we quote further: President Stern Is one of the best all-round types of manhood It has been my fortune to meet. Ho has a calm, penetrating eye 'full of human Interest, and at the sans time sui rtatlre of latent Are. ... Bteyn seemed to me about six feet high, with broad shoulders slightly drooping; not the stoop that comes from desk work, but rather from carrying a run after ram. I hare met many Americans who reminded me of Steyn deliberate men and shrewd Indifferent to mere display, yet careful as to their personal appearance. Everything about Steyn and hla bouse spoke of cleanli ness, tidiness good taste. Everything about Krugcr's house suggested slovenly housekeep ing If not dirty personal habits. . . . Steyn Is politically a clean man at the head of a clean community. Kruger Is chief of a state where much corrupUon In high places exists, and where his own name Is not always spared. Nowhere In South Africa did I hear Steyn's name mentioned save in terms o the highest " respect. 1 A, Altrnlstlo Socialist Experiment. X S Ttnltlmora Sun. Tnmton N. J. An experiment in altru- uat by men who are perhaps tho most qualified in America to put into practi cal application this theory Is to be made at Belle Mead. Somerset County, 20 miles above this place. Three hundred and fifty thousand dol lars will be Invested In the scheme, which Is to be developed by Dr. W. H. Tolman and the Rev. Dr. Joslah- Strong, of the Social Service League of New Tork. who have been lecturing on social and Indus trial co-operation all over the United States tor two years. The place selected Is the farm of 1200 acres which became celebrated for Its equipment under the generous patronage of the late United States Senator John R McPherson and which was lately the prop erty of Charles Howell Cook, who Is now a member of the State Ttfbe,rculosls Com mission. It. is located on the lice of the Philadelphia and Reading road. The plan Is patterned after that of the Knupp Manufacturing Company, at Essen, Germany, except that the colony will bo made up of many and smaller Industries. Factories will be built on the best archi tectural and sanlti-ry plans. The homes of the employes will contain the greatest comforts that can be applied to small habitations. All the employes will have a chance to speedily become owners of their homes. There. will be public baths and a. li brary, and prizes for the best gardens and neatest homes. Every scheme known to sociologists for the betterment of the con ditions of the working people will "be pre sented under the supervision of Dr. Tol man and Dr. Strong. The work of devel opment will begin at once. Extension of Parole System. Chicago Tribune. Governor Shaw put In practice In Iowa tho parole system, of which he Is an ad vocate, by setting free a life convict at Anamosa. This Innovation cannot fall to be successful in operation in Iowa, as It has been in Indiana and In Illinois. The chaplain of the Indiana State Prison said a few days ago that the parole law in that state has been responsible tor the reform of many prisoners. The Illinois law has been eminently successful also, fulfill ing the expectations of those who had it placed upon the statute books. The re port of the Illinois Board of Pardons showed that In the Summer of 1S97 there were 19 per cent of the prisoners who were old offenders, while In the Summer of ISM there were less than 9 per cent In Illi nois the law has rid the state of the class of men whose sole occupation when not In prison Is to prey upon society. The paroles are not granted indiscriminately. The prisoner must serve sentence of a year before his petition for paro Is con sldcred, and then he Is Interrogated upon his past life, while the opinions of tho Jurors who heard his case and the District Attorney who tried hlra are considered. The rule Is to compel the service of a year In prison for each preceding term of im prisonment, and hence criminals nvold Illinois, preferring a state where they will not be thus treated. Experience both In Illinois and Indiana has shown that few of the paroled prisoners lapse into their former ways, while many of them have reformed and become good citizens. 1 1 Possible Split In Presbrterfnnlsm. Chicago Tribune. That public which is best Informed about religious matters would not bo surprised to seo the Presbyterian Church in tho United States of America the exact title of the Presbyterian Church North split Into two denominations, and organize two General Assemblies. The separation may not come nt the approaching General As sembly. 'Whether separation comes at this time or not depends on the strength of tho great middle element In tho denomi nation. Radicals on both sides are talk ing of it almost as if It were already here. Some of the commissioners to the St. Louis meeting next month have been elected during the last 10 days on this Issue. Of course the cause Is doctrinal. The Rev. Dr. Ilillia went to the root of the matter when he attacked the West minster Confession. Revision of that docu ment Is being clamored for by both par ties; by the conservatives in order to drive tho liberals out of the denomination or Into acceptance of tho confession: and by the liberals In order to bring Pres byterlanlsm into what they call agree ment with modern research and scholar ship. Everybody says revision of the con fession must come. All agree that changes are desirable. And ir revision docs como practically all the advanced men on both sides say It will split the denomination. There Is a largo middle grade membership, neither liberal nor conservative, nnd found In the smaller presbyteries. This membership may save disaster. "Dishonor With Ilefent.,, Under this title, the Portland Dispatch, a weekly Democratic paper. Just before the "fusion" convention was held, printed remarks that follow. The protest ngalnst tho alliance was not heeded, and thec remarks therefore may bo taken as having the nature of prophecy: The "steering committee," which appears to have trouble In finding the kind of material It wants for the Legislative ticket, will do well to consider the fact that when the voter Is led up to two RepuMIcan troughs on the day of election he has the great American privilege to drink out of the one that seems the most clean or not drink at all. It the attempt now befng made la carried out to deliver the Legis lative ticket to the Mitchell Republicans, this committee" will find that as many Demo crats will vote for the other Republican fac tion. This Is the rankest kind of dishonest pol itics, and. It carried out. will result In a dis graceful defeat. No "committee" has the power to bind the Democratic voter to such a contract. If Mitchell and his followers want to defeat the Republicans, they can do It only by noting for honest and unpledged Democrats. No Democrat with any self-respect or common honesty will agree to any compact that deliv ers his manhood and reputation into the keep ing of any Republican faction. In all sincer ity, and for the honor of the party, we warn these managers not to enter Into any alliance that Is simply a defeat and disgrace in tho end. A Democratic ticket may be defeated, but It will not have the disgrace of a dis honest alliance and bargain attached to Its de feat. The Hub's Finest, Chicago Tribune. Stranger I notice there are several po licemen' gathered at that corner and con versing In an exdted manner. What is the trouble? Hostonlan When I passed them just now they were wrangling over the pronuncia tion of the word "intuition." a Inducement Removed. Judge. Mrs. Newcomb (to little Willie) I'm afraid you must "be sick, dear, you make so little noise. Willie No. mamma; Its "cause grandma and Aunt Ruth aren't here to hear me. Profitable Collins-. Chicago Record. The young man who Is looklne for a calling In life may have noticed that selling gas companies Is fairly profitable business if one can get steady work at WHAT THE "CITIZENS" TICKET IS The "citizens" legislative ticket for Mult nomah County Is a most remarkable fusion of Democrats of all complexions. Repub licans of no complexion, and ex-Populists. It is the last run of sorehead shad. It marks tho final desperate stagger of tho Mitchell and McBride clique to avoid com plete dissolution of the powerful machina that once held the Republican party of this city and state by the throat The Democrats, who realized that alone they had absolutely no chance of success, were willing to make a deal with sorehead Re publicans, represented by Boss Ballou. and the fragments of the McBride faction, whose aims Ballou was furthering, to de feat the regular Republican ticket This very singular slate, made up In large part of little-known persons, is the result Tho chief target at which the allied forces are to direct their efforts Is the state Senatorial ticket. To that end the Democrats yielded to the demands of Boss Ballou for two or three out of four nominations; and It Is notablo that even the fourth was a Democrat whose fealty to silver and Bryan Is questionable. The quartet Is: D. P. Thompson. Silver Re publican, whom Mr. Montag describes as "as good a Bryanlte as I am," whose name was used without his consent, and who has announced that he wtU not stand; J. E. Hunt Police Commissioner, a Republi can, who poses as the special champion of tho dty's virtue, and who has a some what sensational' record along that line; Dr. Andrew C Smith said by some per sons to be a Republican, by others a Dem ocrat a physician of large practice, who has projected himself for unknown rea sons Into unaccustomed company; nnd R. D. Inman, whilom Gold Democrat, who wa9 chastened by tbe refusal of his party to give him the mayoraly nomination, and who once denounced the unveiling of a picture of Bryan at a Democratic banquet a3 "an Insult to himself and his friends." So much for the citizens senatorial ticket which the Democracy has "Indorsed and ratified." AH the nominees are well known. Tho gentlemen who aspire to the lower bouse for the most part need an Introduction to tbe public: Lewis II. Tarpley Is a Mitchell Republi can and a law partner of Judge ODoy. He recently made a futile attempt to get into tho Republican band wagon, and failed. George W. Holcomb Is president of the Oregon Packing Company, with pro nounced or radical ideas on social ques tions. He Is now a Democrat D. M. Watson, of Watson Bros., restau rant on Fourth street. Democrat Frank A. Heltkcmper, secretary G. Heltkemper Company, Jewelry, Morrison street; quite a young man, with no po litical experience; Democrat. Otto Schuman, marble works. Third and Taylor; grand past sachem of the Red Men: Democrat; says he never attended a political convention and has no partic ular Inter.est in politics. John Drlscoll, butcher, Burnsldo street; Democrat. J. J. Shipley, of Powell & Shipley, com mission men at Front and Jefferson, twice candidate for Councilman; once on Popu list ticket, and once on fusion In '93. H. A. Smith, timber-land agent C w; Nottingham. Nottingham & Co., commission, foot of Washington; says he Is for gold standard, and for McKlnley Administration, and will be a Republican In every respect If he goes on the ticket M. E. Thompson, real estate agent, Stark street; Mitchell Republican. George XL Orton, printer;, candidate for State Printer In 1SS0 on Union ticket; apparently now a Democrat A. J. Knott a well-known citizen; Demo crat Alexander Sweek, who had tho regu lar Democratic nomination for Joint Sen ator for Multnomah. Washington and Co lumbia, is also embraced in the names selected by the Democratic con. ventlon for ratification, but not for nomination; and so was J. T. Mllner, politician, for Representative for Mult nomah and Clackamas. The whole scheme for the naming of all theso gentlemen was laid bare at the Democratic convention. It proved a delib erate surrender to fusion, which the Democracy of this county had once mani fested symptoms of a righteous purpose to tako a stand against For instance, Sanderson Reed, who a few days since publicly declared that "fusion Is a rotten thing," warmly supported the deal. He was about tbe only member of the con vention who pretended to look upon It as a ticket of the Democracy, which the young gentleman has recently re-cmbraccd with such a touching display of youthful ardor. C K. Henry made bold to Inquire what platform the nominees were stand ing on, and, when ho found out that they represented no platfornt. and espoused no principles, he Jumped at the curious con clusion that they must be regarded as Democrats. The convention was candidly Informed that If the candidates were re quired to bo nominated as Democrats, and therefore to accept the Democratic plat form, the so-called Republicans would de cline. Clarno, Welch, Powers, Worth. Ad ams. Flcgel, Gatcns, O'Day, Burke, all made It clear that It was called a citizens ticket becauso It was not a Democratic ticket, and It was ratified and indorsed on the distinct understanding that it was not a Democratic ticket Under these queer auspices tho "citi zens" child was born in a Democratic convention. It would be more accurato to say that the accouchement occurred In Democratic headquarters upstairs, at Boss Ballou' s meeting of citizens, and that the Democratic party in convention assembled assisted In the subsequent ceremonies. The so-called citizens meeting was made up In largo part of delegates to the Democratic convention, who resolved themselves Into plain citizens for tho purpose of that meet ing only. Then they resumed their func tlora as partisans, and as Democrats "rati, lied and Indorsed" what they had done as citizens. The "citizens" legislative nominations stand on no platform. They represent no principles of any sort They are bound by no pledges to the public or to any party. Whether they have made promises to any faction of any party, or represent any particular political Interest, must be Judged from the peculiar circumstances of their nomination. They are not mem bers of tho Good Government Association, and ore not on that account obliged to promote the high purposes for which It stands, or, rather, onco stood. Nor were they nominated by the Good Government Assodatlon, and they cannot be regarded as In any proper sense as tho candidates of that organization. They were named by Boss Ballou, working In his own sub terranean ways to revive tho dying cause of McBtido and Mitchell; by O'Day, Burke. Montag. Pecry and White, who variously represent themselves and the Democratic party. And the fusion deal was railroaded through the Democratlo convention. NOTE AND COMMENT. Spirit mediums are not always account able for their trans-actions. Dewey will never again stand on so popv. ular platform -as the bridge of the U. S. S. Olympla. The success of the bench show Indicates) that the public is not unwilling to let its money go to the dogs. It may be. safe to make fun of Dewey, but politicians will soon learn that it Is not safe to Uo about him. Bryan says his health Is good. He must havo recuperated wonderfully from tha effect of the Dewey announcement Where there is so much smoke, thera must be some fire, said the employe in tho weather office when he lost his Job for puffing a cigarette. Perhaps McKlnley Is making this bluff at Turkey in order to get the country into a war, and eend Dewey and Miles safely away to the front Probably Governor Taylor Is to bo charged with complicity in the Goebel murder because he Is the only man ia the state who hasn't been. It Is reported that all the gun and am munition factories in the country are working overtime. They are probably stocking up for the Kentucky election. Toung Lady I want to get one of thosa bull-dogs that are so fashionable now. Fander Tes. ma'am. I think we can suit you. Toung Lady Well, It er must bo a bull-dog. Fancier Why, of course. Toung Lady Er that Is to say, I er don't want a er cow dog. Let dogs delight To bark and bite. For God hath made them so; They have a right To scrap and light. For that's their way, you know. Their owners, though. All ought to know It Isn't very wise Half mad to ko. Because the show Could give their dogs no prize. "There goes a man." said Mr. Sherlock Holmes, "who Is completely under petti coat government "Of course, you know something about the man?" suggested tho interested Interlocutor. "Never saw him before In my life," replied the great de tective. "It Is all a part of my art. Per haps you saw him kick that dog Just a moment ago? Well, he spoke In an angry manner to th.e newsboy at the corner. Tha inevitable Inference Is that his wife Is a little bit of a woman, and that he is afraid to death of her." Boston Transcript One of the strange Infelicities which aro sometimes found on gravestones In ancient churchyards seems to have been perpe trated In the Inscription on the tablet In memory of the late Rev. Dr. John Hall, which has been placed In the Flf th-Avenuo Presbyterian Church, In New Tork. After giving the name and mortuary record o Dr. Hall, the Inscription says: For forty-nine years A Presbyterian Minister. Pastor pf this Church From Nov. 3. 1S07. to Sept. 17. 1S3S. There remalneth therefore a rest to the peopTe of God." Living happily in Roxbury. one of tha suburbs of Boston, is Charles Fallen Ad ams, whoe "Leedlo Yawcob Strauss" is one of the imperishable characters in the humorous, literature of America, says tho Saturday Evening Post. This month that Is tb say, on April a he will celebrate his ESth birthday. He was In the Civil War, and was wounded and taken prisoner at Gettysburg. His pen has lost none of Its fadllty. The other day a letter was sent to Mr. Adams on a business matter, and it was by mistake addressed to Charles Fallen Adams. Very promptly came the following: "In Adam's fall We sinned all." Not only Sirs but Madams; - Though this be true. , -. 'Tls wrong for you To call me Fallen Adams. CHARLES FOLLEV ADAMS. Major-General Sir Herbert Charles Chermslde. who succeeds to General Gat acre's command In South Africa, is a very distinguished officer. He was born In 1S50. educated at Eton, and entered tho Royal Engineer Corps In 1S6S. gradually proceeding to tho rank of Colonel by 1SS7. In ' 1S77 ho was military attache with the Turks in the Russo-Turklsh War. and In the following year ho as sisted In tho delimitation of the Turkish frontiers. He served with the Esyptian expedition of 1SS2. and later In tho Sou dan and Suaklm expeditions. From 1SS4 to 1SS6 ho was Governor-General of tha Red Sea Littoral. From 1SSS to 1SS3 ha was British Consul in Kurdistan, and from 1SS3 to 1S3S he was British Military Attache In Constantinople. In 1SS7 ho was appointed British Military Commis sioner and Commander In Crete. ') B I The Grace for Llclit. From "Songs of the Glens of Antrim." Molna O'Neill. When we wero little chllder we had a quarat wee house. Away up tn the heather by tho head o Rrabla burn; The hares we'd seo them scootln" an' wc'tX hear the crowia' grouse. An' when we'd all bo In at night ye'd not get room to turn. Tha youngest two She'd put to bed. their faces to the wall. An' the lave of us could sit aroun. just any where we might; Herself -ud take the rush-dip an light It for us all. An "God be thanked!" sho would say "now we have a light." Then we be to quet the laughln on' pushln oa the floor. An' think on One who called us to come and be forgiven; Himself "ud put his pipo down, an say the good word more. "May the Lamb o' God lead us all to tho Light o' Heaven!" There's a wheen things that used to he an' now has had their day. Tho nine Glens of Antrim can show yo many a sight; But not the quare wee house where we lived up Brabla way. Nor a child In all the nine Glens that knows tho grace for light. a The Prayer of tlio Women. Mabel Beatrice Carlisle In Chambers's Journal. God of Eternity I shadows aro stealing Over the Homes of the near and the far; ITen as we kneel at Thy footstool appealing. Haste Thou the end of the sorrows of war! Wisdom hath whispered. "The Ufa of the na tion Is thereby revived, and In unity held"; But U it enough? Oh. God of Creation. Speak! and the shadows of war are dispelled. Far on the lono veldt our loved. In their dream ing. Are calling us vainly, as Heaven drnwetft nigh. Creator of Motherhood! grant us a meeting. That, calm as the cradled, they peacefully die. Though for "the good." or tho "future en nobling," Humanity, stricken, cries, "God. let It cease" Hurl Thou the war clouds. In pity, asunder. And stanch tts hssxt-Hawias-.witii Qad-glTca Jftiesl .,.. .v.. . -L. - - JK-