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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (April 6, 1900)
' &&l&Qm&i5!&tE5 m?is -' - t-w, if -jw.-iBfTVA.'-'!try'-r,'-- -"--"S1 r-s THE MORNING QREGONIAN, FRIDAY, APRIL 6, 1900. THE PRUNES OF OREGON Composition, food vauchs aito sou. draught. Interesting Yalaable Bnlletla by Professor Skavr, loaned br to Oresom Experiment Station. Since the publication of bulletin C of the Oregon Experiment Station, on The Composition of Oregon Prunes," numerous analyse of both fresh and cured fruit have been made for various purposes. Bulletin 61. on "The Oregon Prune; Its Composition. Flood yaluo and Boll Draught." written- br Q. W. Shair, chem ist' at the station, and just published, col lect and 'discusses the results of these analyses. It Is a continuation of the 'work reported In bulletin 46, and In some measure the former results are here In cluded In order to bring the comparisons to dtae, A comprehensive review Is given of the proximate composition of Ore gon prunes, which Is of value both from a practical and scientific viewpoint: First In giving the composition of dif ferent varieties, thus furnishing a point of departure for development along certain desired lines. Second In contributing to the knowledge of "the average composition of the fruit, thus affording a basis of comparison in the study of food values; the physical data (proportion of pits to flesh, etc.), showing the relative of waste to actual food material; the chemical data a basis for comparing the nutriments of the prune with those of other fruits. Composition of the Prune. Professor Shaw next discusses the com position of the prune and describes In detail his method of analysis. He analyzed IS samples of Petite prunes, 11 of fresh Italians and six of Silver. Analyses of the composition of these averages netted the following results: m C9 S3 p S CONSTITUENTS. Average weight, grams 22.2 20.4 S4.28 E.72 78.6 21.3 13.81 17.70 13.14 23.8 1S.4 94.33 5.62 43.9 11.4 93.51 6.4T KumDtX per pouna... Per cent of flesh , Per cent ol p.ts.. Fl-sh Juice, per csnt Pulp, per cent Sugar In flesh, per cent In juice, per cent In fruit, per cent :S.4 79.S 23.6 20.5 U.56 16.12 10.82 .42 14.08 17.t0 13.14 .32 .203 1.2S 76.61 n.a .77 Acidity, terms of S33..I .35 Nitroeen In fl-sh .18! .171 Albun.enols. N. xS.25.. Approx. composlt'n water ... ................ Organic matter Ash 1.14 72.28 26.9S .76 1.C9 77.C7 The foregoing are the averages for the samples 'of Petltes, fresh Kalians and Sil ver prunes tested. Following are Willam ette Valley averages for Petltes and Ital ians: CONSTITUENTS. Average weight, grams , Number per pound , Per cent r.f flesh , Per eot of p.ts , Flesh Juice, per cent. , Pu p. per cent , Sugar In fl eh, per cent In Juice, per cent In fruit, per cent. 'Acidity, terms of SOJ '... Nitrogen in flesh Albumenolds, N.xC.25 Approximate compos lion "Water Organic matter Ash ...... ..". , Professor Shaw appends the following general statement of averages further to explain his work: CONSTITUENTS. 3 Torht in grams Numbsr per pound Per cent of flesh Per cent of pits Flesh- Per cent of Juice Per ctnt of pulp Sugar Per cent in flesh Per cent In Juc Per cent in fruit 2.3 i5.5 SM.5 5.5 81.7 18.3 13.12 16.C6 2.29 .35 22.2 20.4 94.28 5.72 78.6 21.3 13.89 17.70 13.14 .35 9.8 15.4 91.31 5.t2 76.4 23.6 11.56 16.12 10.83 .42 .174 1.01 7..07 21.! 9 .86 Acidity (as S03) of flesh .-Nurosen in nesn , Albumenolds In flesh, Water , Organic matter , Ash , .183 .181 1.14 77.S7 22.6? .(3 1.11 72.26 26.9? .76 Itesnlta of the Analyse. Discussing the results of his analyses, Proftsfor Shaw says: "The range of all analyses was from 15.8 grams in Italian, to 615 grams in Silver, the average being 29.3 grams, thus requiring 15 prunes to the pound. The average weight of Petltes was 22.2, which Is to be placed against 23.6 grams, the average weight of California Petltes so far as published. The average weight of Italian prunes was 29.8 grams. The wid est range is' seen in Petltes. 15.8 grams to 30.5 grams; the Italian ranged from 25.3 to 36.6 grams. "The percentage of pits range from 1.83 In Petite to 8.70 in German. The relation of pits to flesh Is shown to be as follows in the two leading varieties: Petltes, 1:16; Italian, 1:16.7, the latter of which Is about the same as the average for all analyses made. The results still show the Oregon prune to carry a little larger pit than the California fruit. The tentative relation given in a former publication for the pro portion of pits to flesh in the Petite (1:14) la shown to have been a little too narrow! and that for the Italian 0:17) a little too wide. In the light of this larger number of analyses It would appear that Petltes carry about 16 times as much flesh as pits, end Italians about 17 times as much. Meas ured by the proportion of flesh, then, the Italian seems to be the more economical of the two varieties; but when the per cent of water Is taken into account, the Petltes should be given the preference. "As compared with toe Italian, the Pe tite shows the largest proportion of Juice to flesh, the average for the latter being 78.6 per cent, and for the former 76.4. If. however, the Silver prune be considered In a sufficient number of analyses. It would probably be found to carry even a higher per cent of Juice than the Petite. "It Is about the sugar content of the prune that the chief Interest centers. The average sugar content of all samples ex amined was 13.12 per cent in the flesh, the soft-fleshed Petite ranging a little above the average and the Italian somewhat below. The Petite has the advantage of the Italian by 2.33 per cent. 13.89 per cent against 11.56. The California reports show the French prune to contain on an aver age (13 analyses) 2X96 per cent sugar In the Juice, which shows a difference when compared with ours on the same baste of about 4 per cent In favor of the California-grown fruit. The average sugar con tent Is related to that of California prunes as 16.05 to 20 per cent sugar In the Juice. From this difference In climatic and soli conditions this Is no different than we might expect. Contrasting the Oregon fruit with 16 per cent of sugar In the Juice with that of Germany carrytn" 6.15 per cent sugar, we see that the home product Is nearly three times as rich in this Ingredient. In their acid content the prunes examined present a wide varia- IM average acidity In terms of O s 8 : a . a 22.1 29.5 20.S 15.5 91.61 9l.i0 5.35 5.5) 79.5 T0.3 20.5 19.7 13.73 11.09 17.51 14.61 11.U 10.15 .34 .37 .13 .184 1.16 1.15 72.45 76.03 15.77 23.01 .78 .16 sulphuric add was found to-be -.35 per cent, which was the same as that found for the Petite prunes. The Italians showed an average add content of .42 per cent. This larger add-content and the smaller sugar content giving this variety of prune Its marked characteristic In re spect to acidity. "Of albumenolds. the maximum, 1.70 per cent. Is found in Silver, and the minimum. .81 per cent. In Petite. The average for Petltes was 1.14 per cent In the flesh, against 1.09 for Italians, still giving the Italians second place, .as was Indicated in our former publication. In this con nection it is interesting: to note that the reports of California analyses (30) show as an average .837 per cent alubumenolds In the flesh, against 1.14 -per cent for Ore gon fruit No analyses showing the albu menolds in the edible portion of European prunes is at hand, but In the whole fruit It Is reported to be .78 per cent. Food Talne of Fresh Prunes. "A study of the data given In the table under this head shows that fresh prunes cannot be regarded as having a high food value, carrying, as they do. an average of 77.37 per cent of water. Of the two lead ing varieties grown here, the Petltes seem to have the largest percent of organic matter 23.98 for Petltes against 2L98 for Italians. Considered from this stand point, fresh prunes would nave about the same food value as vegetables. Soli Draught of the Prune. "The ash Ingredients are among the more important considerations of any crop, for they represent the materials extracted from the soil. No complete analyses of the ash of any of the fruits have been made, the work having been limited to the ash and those Ingredients Important from the standpoint of fertilizing. The Petite prune draws measurably less on the soil than does the Italian. Consid ered as a whole, our prunes appear to draw more heavily on the soil than do those of California, and is it also Inter esting to note that in this respect the latter fall below the draught by European prunes, which stand about midway be tween those of Oregon and California. The conditions In this respect are set forth in the following table, showing plant fcod extracted from the soil by certain fruits: e? p,rt in total ., Pounds removed In 1000 Per cent in total asn. pounds of fruit. 5 o S m j tr1 333 str'S .,. .,, s o off ? "OSP" 6 ptr - ? .rauns- j I H 33 I H f i Z : : : : : : . ; : ' : : : : : ; Prunes I I I i I I i Oregon S3 53.61 15.C0 220 8.3 4.15 1.30 2.2-1 California 49 63.83 11.0) 4.66 .1(2 4.9 3.10 .63 1.(2 European 63 59.19 10.79 123 6.3 3.73 .95 1.22 Cherries Oregon 50 40.S7 11.06 .1.(8 .169 5.0 2.01 .53 .05 1.6J European 18 34.83 10.34 18 5.S 2.00 .60 1.80 Strawberries Oregon 42 39.86 13.93 4.20 .190 4.2 1.67 .69 .IS l.W Other localities 6) 50.(0 23.31 159 6.0 3.00 1.1) 1.50 Apples (average) 33 4S.72 2.56 130 3.9 1.S0 .10 l.'O Wheat (grain) 1.57 24.84 44.5S 2.36 15.7 3.90 7.00 .'. 2C0 Oats (grain) 2.98 20.80 24.16 2.0 i 29.8 60 8.21 21.60 Sugar b;ets 1.04 46.17 9.61 2.20 10.1 4.8) 1.10 2.20 Fertiliser for Prune. "In view of what is known relative to the soil conditions of We tern Oregon. I beg to suggest the following formula as probably being well adapted to the needs of fruits in general and prunes In partic ular: Air slacked lime, per acre, 2X0 pounds: muriate of potash, 400 pounds. "Th's mixture may well b: applied to some leguminous crop which Is to be turned under as a green manure to fur nish the nitrogen supply. Wood ashes may be substituted for the muriate If they can be obtained In considerable quantities at a reasonable price. It would take about 1C0 bushels of ashes weighing about 450) pounds to be equivalent to the 4)0 pounds of muriate of potash. This application should be sufficient fcr several years. Fruit trees, b:Ing s'ow growing, appro priate plant food slowly, and if it is thought bert to use any phosphate, prob ably nothing would be better than finely ground bone. No mention Is msde of this material as" It is not likely to be needed, except in p?cial cafes. It should be borne in mind that no specific rule can bo laid down in this matter of fertilizers as con ditions are so varlab'e. but the farmer must keep In mind general principles, and use his Intelligence in applying them to his conditions. Composition of the Cored Prune. "Of all the methods for preserving fruit none Is of so great Importance to the American people as that of fruit evapora tion. Of all fruits so preserved the prune certainly takrs first rank. The reader must not confound the term evaporated fruit with that of dried fruit of years agone. fcr the newer process gives a cured product much superior to the sun or oven dried article, retaining as It docs much of the" original color and flavor, being roft, pllab e and palatine to cat out of hand. The prccets of evaporation has for Its object primarily to drive off a suffi cient amount of moisture to make the fruit keep, and to do th's In such a man ner as to Jeave the fruit in the condition above described and leave the flesh of a transparent appearance; a clear yellow In the case of the French prune, and an am ber In the case of the Italian. No prune which has not these characteristics has been properly cured. It is not possible at this time to go Into the technique of fruit-curing, but rather to state the re sults of the analyses of samples of fruits cured by this method as they are found on the market. All prunes. BT.0 ( pi IF 1Z. 9 J Edible matter 87.01 uicr 9zt Dry matter S0.73 Albumenolds ...........,..... 2.03 Carbohydrates (indudlng. fiber and Ash 2.22 Total k 89.73 "The average of all analyses shows prunes to contain about seven times as much edib'e matter as waste (pits). The fruit which had satisfactory keeping qual ities carried about 20 per cent of water. From the observations made, I do not re gard it as safe to leave a greater quantity of water than this In the fruit. In most cases "where the fruit carried over this there was a tendency toward mold. Much of the fruit. It will be noted, carried con siderable less than th's, which accords with the Idea of the better horticulturist that much of the product is overdrled. The fact that this product carries about 80 per cent of dry matter shows that It Is of high food value. About three-eighths of this Is composed of the carbohydrates which serve to develop energy and fat, hence prunes must be considered as essen tially a fattening food, and should be used with other foods rich In nitrogen." Church Ortnuitsed and Incorporated. The members of the Evangelical Asso ciation In and about Lents. Mount Scott, organized and Incorporated a church so ciety last evening. Rev. N. Shupp, Pre siding Elder of Portland District, pre sided over the- meeting, and L. A, Farns worth acted as secretary. The organiza tion adopted the name of "Lents Evan gelical Church." as the corporate name. L. A. Famsworth was elected trustee for three years, B. F. Tyler for two years, and Walter Waddell for one year. The dass officers are as follows: Class leader, L. A, Famsworth, for two years; exhorter. Walter Waddell, for two years; Mrs. B. F. Tyler, steward for one year. Secretary of the board of trustees was made derk ot the church society. Ater the ad journment of the society, the newly elect ed trustees organized with the following officers: President and quarterly confer ence delegate, B. F. Tyler; secretary, L. A. Famsworth; treasurer, Walter Wad dell. This society has a fine church build ing, furnished and paid for, which stands open for all funerals and preachers of all orthodox denominations, . when not occu pied by the Evangelical Association. TOWNS WERE SHUNNED SIBERIA RAUAVAT ASKED HO BO XES OF THE PEOPLE. One American Cltlsen Fonna rn That Country How Hallway Trains Are Managed. TOMSK, Siberia, Aug. 26. It Is in. the Journey to this dty that 'the traveler flnds the roost conspicuous Instance of the man ner In which the railway has Ignorjd the towns in the long way across Siberia. Tomsk, the finest and largest dty of Si beria except Irkutsk." educational and lit erary center of the country, famous In the Asiatic history of the Buesiah Empire and an important manufacturing and commer cial point. Is not on the main line of the Siberian Railway at all, but at the end of a spur branch, 55 miles north of the main lice. Even this is-not entirely cor rect. The Tomsk station Is at that dis tance, but the dty Itself la some four or Ave miles still beyond the railway village where the track terminates. The people of Tomsk aro not gentle in their judgment of the railway engineers who located the line. They say first that the Importance of the city should have made it imperative to build the railway through It, when the avowed purpose of the great work was to connect the scat tered centers of population and give them ready access to the rest of the empire, and that this should have been recognized even If an Increase of mileage and consid erable additional expense would have re sulted from such a location. Then they add that there would have been no percep tible Increase In either mileage or expense to have built from Kalnsk to Marllnsk, with a slight northward curve, which would have brought Tomsk upon the line. Instead of by way of Krivoshchekovo and Ob, with a slight southward curve as there is now. A city would have been served then. Instead of a region virtually unsettled until the railway came. They declare that the character of the country to be considered was Just the same, and that as a matter of fact there was no ex cuse for leaving them out. Then comes i the explanation. i It Is affirmed with the utmost frankness by the good people of Tomsk that the rea son they have no railway is that they would not pay the price. They allege that the Rueslan civil engineers locating the line gave them to understand that the merchants and traders of Tomsk would have to pay a large sum of money, vari ously stated from 25,00) to 100,0)0 rubies. If they did not want to be left out of communication with the railway. The rich men of Tomsk consulted and decided that it was impossible to leave out such an Important place when the railway was built for the very purpose of serving the Siberian cities and settling the country, so they declined to be "bled." Almost be fore they realized what had happened it was too late to repair the harm and change their minds. The road was located to the southward of them, and all their protests were helpless to change it. At last they were able to Induce the construc tion of the branch, but even that stopped some miles short of the dty Itself. It Is declared that the branch certainly will be extended into the town, and there Is some hope that this will be done before a great while, but Tomsk seems to be thor oughly shelved. Hardship on the Town. It is a great pity that Tomsk has suf fered In this way, and the result in one di rection is likely to be that a good many travelers who are making the Trans-Siberian journey will omit It from their Itin erary rather than go to the trouble of making the laborious side trip. Thero Is an evidence that the railway authorities of today are regretting the action or their predecessors, and are trying to do the best they can for the much-abused place. The weekly express train from "Moscow to Irkutsk carries one car. which runs through between Moscow and Tomsk, so that no change la necessary at the Junc tion. If to that service another car la added which runs through between Tomsk and Irkutsk It will go far to rem edying the annoyance of the Journey as it has to be made at present. On the West Siberian Rallwav. between Omsk and Kalnsk, I had the good fortune to fall in with a gentleman, who probably Is the only American citizen living In all this great country between the Ural Moun tains and Viadivostock. This gentleman, with his family, was traveling on the same car with me. In a neighboring compart ment, but as their conversation was en tirely in Russian' It did not occur to me that I hod a fellow-countryman for a neighbor. Betnc sociably inclined, he asked me a question in Russian and of course learned By my pronunciation in reply that I was not of tho' same country myself. Then he tried English. His name was Professor VUlemont. By birth a Parisian, he had come from Franco to the United States when he was a young man. some 25 years ago. After a little halt In New Tork he removed to Chicago, and there for' 13 years he lived, teaching the French language. Meeting Russians who were traveling, he was told by them that there was a great demand for teach ers of his qualifications in Russia, and that Siberia In particular offered opportunities to prosper, by the development of the country, at the same time that he might be earning his livelihood by his profession. The plan looked attractive to Professor VUlemont, who was still unmarried, and he left the United States for Siberia. He made Irkutsk his destination, and there he had lived for more than 12 years. His wife is a Polish lady, and their two charming little children have been taught that they OXE OF THE FIXE RESIDENCES IJf TOMSK. are American dtisens, though they do not speak English. -Mr. VUlemont was naturalized while he lived in Chicago, and takes pride In main taining his American citizenship, though he has-never revisited the United States. Now head professor of the French lan guage and literature in the gymnase of Irkutsk, with the friendships of 12 years and his family life there. It Is not likely that he will leave that dty except for Journeys like that of the present Summer to his wife's home in Poland. The Franco Russian alliance, which la the subject of many a jest In this country, where It seems to be well understood as a one-sided affair. In which Russia might gain a great deal but would give nothing, acts to make French people and the French language, even more popular than they were, so that the pleasure of life for a Sntleman of his position is Increased. r. VUlemont promises me a. sight of English books and magazines when I reach Irkutsk, and I am assured that my way will be made easy there for the Journey beyond, as far as friendly ad vice and preparation can assist It. Railway Hot Properly Equipped. At Ob .came another practical demon stration of. the fact that travel is heavier than the equipment of the Siberian Rail way Is prepared to handle. At that Junc tion, where the western and central sys tems 'Join, all trains are stopped and turned about for a return Journey. Those for the service between the Obi River and the Ural Mountains are labeled "West Si berian Railway." and those running be tween the river and Lake Baikal are marked "Central Siberian Railway." It Is necessary, then, for every passenger who goes beyond the new City of Ob to find a place on the train that is made up and waiting to, continue the Journey The re sult was the necessity for ma of repeating the experiences of Samara, Chellabtnsk, and other places where I had broken my journey. When the train on which we had arrived came Into the station at Ob the passengers made the familiar rush for the. train on the other track. In an Instant every place was filled, and dozens of pareengers found it entirely Impossible to find a seat on the train. It was late in the evening, and the station buildings and platforms were by no means well BrSIXESS STREET AND lighted, so that the race was even more trying than the former ones had been. Many travelers were waiting at the sta tion who had been detained there for one day or perhaps more by the Inability to get on other trains, so of course they were safely fixed In their places before we came, and the overflow was made up entirely of our passengers. Hour after hour went by. and Anally, near midnight, another car was put on the end of the waiting train, which was then some three hours late. The passengers who rushed for the empty car were stopped by the Information that It was to run directly through to Tomsk, leaving the main line for the branch in the morning, sa it would serve none but those bound for that city. For the first time thus far on the long Journey then, I found room that was suf ficient for real comfort without being crowded, and felt grateful that Tomsk was my, destination. From the Obi River to the Junction of the main line with the Tomsk branch Is 143 miles, the running time of the post trains for that distance being nine hours. In the morning when we reached the junction I found that Professor VUlemont had been compelled to demand that the authorities add another car to the train for his party and the rest of the helpless passengers. He had enforced his demand by piling all the considerable store of bag gage they carried into the aisles of ono of the crowded cars already composing the train. Then he and his family perched themselyes on the heap, and he announced that he would stay there until other ac commodations were furnished. Inasmuch as the aisle were completely blocked, and the Franco-Russo-Amerlcan showed dis tinct signs of doing exactly what he said he would, the powers of the railway yield ed nnd hunted up another vehicle. Nat urally the others who were relieved there by were pleased at the successful fight that had been made, for many of them, like my friend, had been on the road for from five to eight days from points in Russia, and had nearly four days more to be counted before reaching Irkutsk. It is bad enough in such cases to travel without sleplng cars on the train. It Is certainly, .worth while to make sure of navmg a seat. Taiga Is a small town where the Tomsk branch diverges for Its northward exten sion from the main line of the railway. The station is but a small place, occupy ing a dearln In the great forests sur rounding It, The word taiga means for est, and Is the general designation of the great timbered region which extends right across Asia from the Ural Mountains to the Taclflc Ocean, north of the steppe region, or the prairie, and south of the treeless, marshy waste which extends to the Arctic Ocean, called the tundra. The Junction has no Importance yet except as the place where the railway to Tomsk begins, but It Is growing rapidly, and some timber Industries are promised as soon as capital can be Interested. From Taiga to Tomsk the railway passes through the densest of virgin forest, the real "taiga" of Siberia. On either side the trees come down almost to the track, shading it from the sun in Summer and protecting it from any threat of drifting snow In Winter. Part of the way pines -predominate, and again deciduous trees compose the forest. They are all beauti ful after the thousand miles of prairie. The odors are sweet, A few weeks from nowthe colors of the forest wlll.be gor geous, but now the foliage Is still green and summerlike, I have seen just euch Tallways In Northern Minnesota, and Mich- lean, where the forest has been cut away through a. strip only wide enough to per-, mit tho trains to passu. There Is no sign of life in the distance of 55 miles from Taiga to Tomsk except at the one station of Basandoika, until the train reaches a little glade a few miles from the dty. The forest is silent, the settlers have not come, and there Is no train to be met. Some times piles of wood out Into lengths suita ble for the locomotives are heaped up at the side of the track, but that is the only evidence except the railway Itself that man- has been there at all. Through for est and around hills the train runs until h nutlvlnr houses of Tomsk or Its sub- lurbs come Into sight. This is the station of Stepanovka. and the passengers who "know the ropes" leave the train and drive perhaps five miles over a pretty road to the city. Those who do not know ride a few miles beyond to tho station called Tomsk, and there they descend, to find that they have perhaps one mile less to drive, and that to gain that distance theyhave wasted half an hour or more on the train. This is the end of the railway and the beginning of the City of Tomsk. TRUMBULL WHITE. THE QUEEN'S VISIT. First Day of Residence In Dublin Passed Uneventfully. DUBLIN. April 6,"iil5 A- M.-Queen Vic toria' first day of residence in Dublin passed quite uneventfully. Such scenes as j there were might well have occurred In London. The official announcement of the formation of the Irish Guards was not j given out here, and came from London too late for the afternoon papers. The Express deals editorially with the attempted assassination ot the Prince of Wales In the following strain: "Nowhere has the attempt upon the life of the Prince of Wales excited more uni versal or more profound horror and dis gust than in the country which, on the day the attempt was nuCde, gave his royal mother a welcome whose cordiality and enthusiasm has taken captive the Imagination of the British people." The Irish Times has an editorial In a similar strain, but the Nationalist papers preserve silence. The Independent, commenting upon the OLD CATHEDRAL IS TOMSK. suggestion of the London Dally Mall that the time Is ripe for the government to seek to "make Irish sentiment a great bulwark of the empire." says: "The best experiment the Imperial Gov ernment could make would be to grant Ireland her rights. Until this is done a dozen Queens" visits every year would not make things otherwise." When the. Queen went out driving this afternoon, without escort, carriages -and cabs and Jaunting cars persisted in follow ing her, and the policemen, after a few futile efforts, allowed this unusual proce dure. It Is understood that Her Majesty re ceived the news of "the attempt at as sassination with calmness, and, although disturbed, she was not in the least agi tated. Honors for Ireland. LONDON. April 6. The army orders to day contain the following: "The Queen having deemed It desirable to commemorate the bravery shown by the Irish Regiments In the recent operations In South Africa, has been graciously pleased to command that an Irish regi ment of foot guards be formed under the designation of Irish Guards." It is said that by the wish of Queen Victoria, the son that was born to tho Duke and Duchess of Tork Saturday last will be christened "Patrick." ", BULL-PEN RECORD. Admitted Into the Coer d'AIene In vestlsratlon. WASHINGTON. April 5. R. R. Rogers, bookkeeper at the Bunker Hill mine, and Warden Coakley. who had charge of the "bullpen," were witnesses before the Coedr d'AIene Investigation committee to day. Rogers was present when the mill was blown up, and was shot during the affray. He gave a graphic detailed de scription of the exciting events. Warden Coakley told of his management of the prison, denying charges of bad food and bad treatment. He said tho men were well fed. were supplied with good coverings, and clothing; and he knew of no Instances in which they wero abused. He also submitted a detailed record of the men in the prison. The disposition of the warden's record of the prisoners In the "bullpen" caused exteneed controversy, nnd by a vote of seven to four the com mittee finally ordered the book printed as a part of the record or tho Investigation. Warden Coakley stated before leaving the stand that he acted under the orders of the military officers, who were In charge of the prison. Warden Coakley, at the afternoon ses sion, stated that at no time was the service of a priest or minister denied to a pris oner, as had been charged. He denied that ,the troops hod used such harshness toward one Johnson, an inmate, as to make him Insane, as was charged. Ho also took up the various other charges in connection with the "bullpen," and ex plained or contradicted them. During his entire service In charge, he said, he never saw a soldier use a bayonet or Indulge in threats, profanity or aDuse toward any prisoner. a Englne-Honse Orchestra. Chemical Engine No. 3 has organized a very creditable orchestra from members of the crew" and Truck No. 4. with the assistance of a couple of outsiders. Every fair evening the new orchestra has a large audience in front of the engine house, and during the coming Spring and Summer the neighbors are promised a treat that they already antidpate with pleasure. The members of the orchestra are: L. Henderson, violin; Edgar Alger, violin; Morton Alger, piano; Charles Campbell, cornet; Ray Smith, clarinet; St. Clair Thomas, drum; William Miller, bass viol, and Mr. Gray, trombone. This method of passing time between acts is proving jnpular among the firemen, as well as Instructive. , ' esiSi Rebnlldlnsr Convention Hall. KANSAS CITT. April 5.-Early this morning an army of men wero set to work clearing away the smouldering debris of the Convention Hall, preparatory to Im mediate rebuilding. -President Evans, of the Convention Hall Building Company, said today: "We must and will arise to the occasion, and July 4 the Democratic Convention will assemble in a new and grander convention halL" a Dally Treasury Statement. WASHINGTON, April 5. Today's state ment of the Treasury balances In the gen eral fund, exclusive of the 3150,000,000 sold reserve In the Division of Redemption, shows: Available cash balance 1175.218,313 Gold i 97438,474 CuAST FREIGHT RATES SAW FRAKCISCO BIDTDLfG aGAIXST PORTLAND FOR BALLAST TOXX AGE. Both Ports on Even Terms as to Rates More British Ships Changing; Flass Marino Xotes. San Francisco Is trailing right along after Portland, or. perhaps, to be accurate. Is keeping a trifle ahead of Portland In paying high rafes for grain ships. The British ship Indore, which arrived at the Bay city with general cargo from Liver pool Monday, was chartered yesterday at 41s 3d. This Is the same rate that was paid for the Asplce In Portland Wednes day, hut a9 the Asplce Is a smaller and handler-sized vessel, the 'Frisco rate is a shade the highest. There Is"prtty freo chartering movement for new crop ships, and nothing has been reported for several days at less than 40 shillings. Theso rates seem high in comparison with those which have prevailed In past years, but there Is not much in the statistical posi tion of freights that warrants lower prices. There is not enough tonnage under char ter for loading In the Pacific Northwest to carry away more than one-half of the un sold portion of the 1S99 crop, and over two thirds of that which is chartered Is for late loading, the greater part of it for November and December. San Francisco Is in about the same position as Port land, and the Bay dty exporters are for the first time In years bidding against northern operators for ballast tonnage In the Orient and at Honolulu. The high rates paid for nitrate ships is ono of the principal factors in the business at tho present time. Recent charters reported for West Coast loading are as follows: Eu terpe, 32 6d, August-September; Gtencona, 32s 6d. September-October; Carnarvon Bay, 32s. December; Anna Agnete. 32s 6d; La das, 33s. October, and the Miefleld. 33s 6d, September-October. As owners have always demanded 10 shil lings more to come to Portland than they would accept at nitrate ports. 40-shIIllng ships would seem comparatively cheap at the present time. U5DER A ITEW FLAG. Weil-Known Baric Mowhnn Goes to the Germans. The Germans are still picking up the fine sailing shlp9 which have made such good records for the British flag in all parts of the world. Mention was made a few days ago of the Kile to Germans of the British bark Royal Forth, the larg est sailing vessel that ever entered the Columbia river, and now comes the report of a change of flags on another of the big ships which at one time surprised Port landers on account of her mammoth pro portions. This latest addition1 to the Ger man fleet Is tho British bark Mowhan, an 8-yeax-old vessel, of over 2700 tons net register. The Mowhan came to Portland on her maiden trip in 1S92. and at the time of her arrival was over 300 tons larger than any vessel that had ever en tered the river. This fact made her an object of great curiosity, and crowds of people visited here dally as long as. she remained in port. Thifc Ttnrrhfte nrfw of thft Mnwhftn is not fttated in advices at hand regarding her sale, but ns she was a younger vessel than" the Royal Forth, which brought almost as much as she cost 10 years ago, the Mowhan undoubtedly brought 3100.000. and if freights keep up to present proportions for another three years, she will clear her cost for her owners. Germany's merchant marine is certainly Increasing very rapid ly, but that country has advantages In in creasing It. which are distasteful to Amer ican shipbuilders. Neither the Mowhan nor tho Royal Forth will receive a dollar in subsidies from the German Government, but they will make money tor their own ers, and they would have made just as much If they had been put under the Stars and Stripes. TRAXS-ATI"Av-nC LIXERS. Twenty-Five New Steamers Are Un der Construction. NEW YORK, April 5. There are all of 20 vessels being constructed by the leading steamship lines for the trans-Atlantia service between this and foreign ports. In addition to these there are at least five new liners that are nearly finished, and will be placed In commission In the early part of the coming season, besides a large number of vessels that will carry freight exclusively. Following is a statement of the new ships that will shortly be put on by the various lines: Cunard 2. American 6. Hamburg-American 1, Holland-American 3. North Ger man Lloyd 4, Atlantic Transport 4, Com pagnle Generate Trans-Atlantlque 2, White Star L Wilson 2; total 25. Although not strictly trans-Atlantic liners, four large new cargo vessels are also being constructed for the American Hawaiian Steamship Company for tho New York-San Francisco-Honolulu serv ice. Frleo "Wheat Ships. Two big British ships were cleared yesterday for Queenstown. says Tuesday's Bulletin, with cargoes of wheat, as fol lows: Balasore. 91,630 ctls., valued at 331. 630; and Reliance, 80.775 ctls., valued at 379,970. These are the first dearances of the kind In a week. The big ship Lynton Is loaded and may clear this afternoon or tomorrow. Three ships are now loading wheat at Port Costa for Europe, and an other went up the bay yesterday, to re ceive cargo. Four more large British ships came In yesterday from Europe, two of which are known to be under charter to take wheat out of this port. The other two will take the same course. One of the ships Is from Hamburg, one from London and two from Liverpool. There are some half a dozen more fully due from Europe, most of which are supposed to be under charter to arrive. Cnrxo for Siberia. NEW YORK. April 5. The German steamer Wllhelmlna. which is about to sail from Philadelphia for Yokohama and Viadivostock, will carry one of the larg est shipments of American machinery ever forwarded to the far East, being no less than 6600 tons weight. The principal The Genuine Sanden, iissssW .llsssHV'nssssiilssW'VV .BnrninVl HR!adMki!f--Vtt',iiSrisHPIKsV l"ffvt ?' all PAINS and all WEAKNESS of man and woman. I am now selling these famous Belts at Half Price! Call and seethem and test them, or send for prices and the Dr. Sanden book, "THREE CLASSES OF MEN," or MAIDEN, WIFE AND MOTHER!" It will be sent free. Address i DR. S. S. HALL part of the cargo will consist of 31 Bald win locomotives lor the Chinese Eastern Railway. The Carnegie Steel Company win for ward some 2000 tons of steel rails for the Formosa Railroad, and tho Pencold Iron Works will ship 400 odd tons of hridga material for Japan. Marine Xotes. Captain James Tatton and Captain P. Cordlner. two well-known bar pilots; wero in the dty yesterday, enjoying a brief va cation. The British ship Annie Thomas, under charter to load wheat at this port, has been posted as missing. She Is 251 days out from Cardiff for Acapulco, and will probably never be heard of again. The Oriental liner Monmouthshire left up from Astoria yesterday afternoon, and will be at her dock ready to discharge this morning. A full outward cargo 1 ready for her on the dock. The British ship Bowman B. Law. well known in this port. Is listed for next sea- eon loading. Her former master. Captain HuriDurt. is now here, in command of tho William Law, which Is owned by the samo firm as the Bowman B. Law: Domestic and Forelen Ports. ASTORIA. April 6L Arrived at 8:40 A. Of. and left up at l:lo v. M. Steames State of California, from San Frandsco, Left up at 2a) P. M. Steamer Monmouth shire. Condition of the bar at 5 P. aL. moderate; wina soutn. San Francisco. April 5. Arrived Steam er Columbia: steamer Del Norte, from Portland; schooner Laguna, from Tilla mook; schooner Monterey: Ibarkentlne J. L. Everson. from Coos Bay; schooner C T. Hill, from Gray's Harnor. Sailed Tu Samson, towing barge Wahkiakum, for. Astoria; steamer Geo. W. Elder, for Port land; steamer Alexander, whaling: steam er Reporter, for Cook Inlet; bark J. JX feters. for Chlgnik Bar. Arrived Steam. er Willamette, from Seattle; steamer Glory .. .1... Cam. ba a.. 1 r.. ,. . l HUT kJKTt&S, UUU1 V.UUIUJL, Bflip 53L. IHICUV las, from Seattle; barkentine Portland. from New Whatcom: steamer Tellus. frora' oyster Harbor. Redondo. Cal.. April 5. Arrived Steam er Grace Dollar, from Gray's Harbor. Vancouver. April 5. Arrived Steame Empress of Japan, from Yokohama an4 I Hong Kong., Southampton, April B. Arrived Kaisers I mc Marie, from New York. New York, April 5. Arrived Munchers, irom Bremen, soiiea A.uguste victoria. for Hamburg; La Bretagne. for Havre rrieaencn oer urosse. lor rsremen. Maja Arrived April 4 Ness, from Porta lano. Or., via Viadivostock. Glasgow, April 5. Arrived Astoria, front New York. London, April 5. Arrived Marquetta, from New York. Hamburg. April 5. Arrived Patricia, irom rew lorn. Naples. April 5. Arrived Trave. froTaj I Hew lone Hamburg. April 5. Sailed Belgravla, foj I Now York. Plymouth. April 5. Sailed Pretoria, irom iiamourg ior iNew lone Queenstown. April 5. Sailed Oceanic, I irom Liverpool ior iNew ior. Nanalmo Sailed April 3 Robert Adam son, for San Diego. Arrived April 4 Steamer Mlncola, from Port Los Angeles. London. April a. Arrived Russian baric I Favell, from Victoria. Tillamook. April 4. The steamer Harrlal son arrived in this dty this afternoon. Yokohama, April 5. Arrived Steamea I St. Irene, from Portland, Or., for Hona I Kong. Spoken. March 2. latitude 12 south, longitude 31 1 west, British ship Ardnomarchan. from I Hamburg for Santa Rosalia. WHY PRESIDENT CHAUGED. Relied Upon nn Official Who Could I Make Opinions to Order. WASHINGTON, April L Some of the, Eastern papers have hit upon a very high sounding solution of the question of "how the President changed base on the Puerto Rlcan tariff." According to the assertions of these papers, it appears that some time ago the Secretary of War called upon Mr. Magoon. the chief of the insular division ot tho War Deportment, for a statement as to the political status ot the Island of Puerto Rico. After an extended research. Mr. Magoon submitted to the Secretary; a statement that Puerto Rico should bo considered as coming under tho provisions of tho Constitution, the same as Maryland or Arizona. This conclusion is reported ta have met the approval of the Secretary, who in turn urged it upon the President. The President gave his approval, and con cluded that the collection of duties or Puerto Rlcan goods was Improper. But. continues this report, the PresWl dent shifted the responsibility to Coa-I gross, and In due course of time the Payno free-trade bill was Introduced.- Tol this the trusts raised a mighty protest.1 and made the President go back on ma I original declaration, and with him leaders in Congress, among them man Payne, of the ways and means com mittee. who in turn reported a tariff bD In place of his original free-trado me ure. The interesting feature of tho repor Is that, when this stage of the gamo wa reached, the President, In order to sus his change ot base, called on this Mr. Magoon for a new decision, to telle him of any embarrassment that might 1 coming bis way. And. if the report true, a second decision was rendered.1 which showed that the Constitution dU not go with the flag. It ia reported that the second decision was fully as plausible and well sounding as the first, and than to all outward appearances It was base on the same good grounds as the decision rendered In good faith and with-j out prejudice. When one gets down to bottom facts. It will probably be round that this story has but little to stand but in times when solutions are sc and authoritative hints are few and fa between. It will be accepted by a grea body of the readers, because it hangs gether. and, when read, seems consistent with the facts of the case, and not alti gether Improbable. (Thanice In Naval Commanders. WASHINGTON. April 5. Commande F. M. Wise has been detached from con mand of the Enterprise and ordered to the Asiatic station to take command of tho Monocacy. relieving Commander GJ A. Blcknell, who is ordered to the Ma Island navy-yard. Guaranteedon.a.$5,GQ0 bohd-to be the 'Original U. S. patented Sanden Belt, and havingtaworki wide record as the grandest remedy for RHEUMATISM. KID NEY TROUBLE and "W-SBBC TON STREET OREGO i