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About Morning Oregonian. (Portland, Or.) 1861-1937 | View Entire Issue (March 14, 1900)
10 THE MORNING OREGONIAN, WEDNESDAY, MARCH 14, 1900. CLASSIC LITERATURE; (Copyright. 1000, by THE OREGONIAN'S HOMESTUDY CIRCLE: GOLDEN AGES OF LITERATURE VIII. THE GREEK DRAMA. BY CHARLES FORSTER SMITH. PH. D. The drama Is an original creation of the Greek genius. Here, as In so many other forma of literature, the Greeks were -without models. According to Aristotle, tha Dorians claimed to have invented the drama, tho Poloponnesians tragedy, the Megarlans comedy, and the vc-ry nunc drama, by which the Dorians designated action, was appealed to in proof. The Greek drama crew out of the cele bration of the adventures and sufferings of tho god of wine, who was regarded as the representative of the reproductive powers of nature, hto suffering symboliz ing the decay and sleep (cold and storms) of nature In winter, his Joys the reawak ening of nature in the spring. Of the three kinds of drama, tragedy was named "goat song," either because a goat was originally the prize given, or. more prob ably, because the chorus consisted of satyrs disguised as goats. Comedy means either "village eons," or more probably song of the comus, or revel band. The satyr drama, named from Its chorus of satyrs and taking Its subjects from myth ology, hold Its place after tragedy and comedy had borrowed most of its func tions, probably through a sort of relig ious conservatism. Dramatic representations were not given at Athens at any and all times, as nowa days, but at the festivals of the god of wine. Tragedy was admitted to the pub lic festivals at Athens In 536 B. C: com edy some 70 years later. The chief glory of the greater Dlonysla, In the month Elaphebollon (March-April), was the now tragedies exhibited. Then Athens made holiday before her allies, whose tribute was then brought by representatives to tAthens, before delegates from all other Greek cities, and before the whole assem bly of her own citizens. At the Lenaea, In Gamelion (January-February), which was more of a home festival, comedy had chief place. At the country Dlonysla, in December, usually only plays were given which had been already exhibited In the city. Tho greater Dlonysla, like a modern musical festival, lasted only a few days (three or four), and on each day regu larly three tragedies, one comedy and one satyr were exhibited, which, with the dithyramb and other musical features, made a very full day. If a poet wished to exhibit at the greater Dlonysla, he applied to the chief archon, If at the Lenaea to the second archon, for a chorus. If his request was granted, there was assigned him a choregus. who chose from tho singers of his tribe a chorus, had these trained by the poet or chorus leader, and provided for their maintenance and costumes. This liturgy, as it was called, was at once a burden and an honor, and was often performed with great magnificence and expense. Tho chorus, consisting In tragedy of 12 (later 15) person?. In comedy of 24, executed danco movements (strophe and anti strophe) as they sang, and Indispensable accompanists were the flute-player and the lyrist. The three actors originally one, increased by Aeschylus to two, by Sophocles to three distributed all the rolea among them, tho parts of women being taken by men. The actors were al lotted to the parte and paid by the state. In the costumes of the tragic actors es pecially characteristic were the long, flowing, partl-colored robes, the hlgh-solctf buskin, or bcot, and the imposing head dress and mask, the whole being intend ed to lend dignity and Increase the stat ure. For comedy characteristic was the soccus, or low shoe, but the dTess was more like that of evcry-day life. There .was not much opportunity for action on tho Greek stajre, and nono for play of feature, zo that the prime requisite for an actor was a fine, musical voice. The audience at Athens, numbering 20,000 to 20,000, and sitting in the open air, had sensitive ears, so that the actor must have a distinct, musical voice, which could carry far. The people, whose feeling for rhythm was probably as nice as that of modern musical audiences for time, would storm if the meter was spoiled, a Quan tity missed, a syllable dropped or an ac cent misplaced. The antique Greek theater consisted In tho main of two parts, the auditorium? or theater proper and the oval or round orchestra for the evolutions of the chorus. As dramatic spec tacles were given in the open air. the Greeks generally availed themselves of tho side of a hlil so shaped as to consti tute a sort of natural amphitheater. At Athens the theater of Dlonyslus occupied tho southeast slope of the Acropolis, where tho spectators sat with their backs to the Acropolis and their faces toward Mount Hymettus and tho sea. Aisles ra diating from the center enabled the spec tators to reach the rows of (marble) benches. The part reserved for the move ments of tho actorr. whether higher than or on a level with the orchestra, wan small, since the actors were few. The back of the stage represented In tragedy a temple or a palace; In comedy, a private house or a street. The scenery was sim ple, consisting of hangings or painted woodwork. and triangular revolving prisms at either side, proporly decorated, facilitated change of scene. The curtain was pulled up, not let down. The sub jects of tragedy were taken from myth ology or mythical history, and the per sons were tho gods or demigods and he rocs of the race, the main outlines of the story being always known to the audi ence. Tragedy was really a religious cele bration. Comedy, on the other hand, rep resented not the solemn, but the frolic some, spirit of the season, and the sub jects and characters were taken from cially life, as was the language u.ced. In marked contrast with Athenian late ness of development In general was the sudden growth of the dTama. In the early part of the fifth century coincided an era of great national activity and a great national audlc-nco that was the heir of all the acquirements of the race. We know the names, but little more, of several of the earlier dramatists Phrynlchus. Choe rilua, Pratlnas, Thcspis but the real father and founder of tragedy was Aeschylus, who was born In 55 B. C, and fought in the Tersian wars. In 479. after the battle of Plataca. Athens, which had borno the brunt of the war, was in ruins, her walls and temples dismantled and her territory laid waste. Just 50 years later Pericles died. In that short period Ath ens had become the art center of the ancient world, tragedy had culminated and was already showing signs of decay, and comedy "had reached Us acme under Aris tophanes. In English literature there Is almost a perfect parallel in the speedy and splendid development of the drama from Marlowo to Shakespeare. In Greek tragedy there are but two su premely great names besides Aeschylus I. e., Sophocles and Euripides. Aeschylus is said to have written 90 plays, Sophocles 113. Euripides 92. Of these have come down to us from Aeschylus and Sophocles only seven each, and from Euripides IS. the "Agamemnon" and "Prometheus" of Aeschylus and the "Antigone" and "Aedlpus Ts-rannus" of Sophocles belong ing unquestionably to the greatest dramas of all time. In tho "Prometheus" the Titan who In defiance of the tyranny of Zeus has brought fire to mortals suffers such pun ishment as only a god could, devise or a demigod endure. Everything is on i colossal scale, the other characters being gods or demigods, the chorus sea nymph.", and" the scene the bare cliffs of the Cau casus Mountains. "What means Aeschylus found to effect a reconciliation justifying both Prometheus ard Zeus we can only guess, since the other jnays of the trilogy are lost. But Aeschylus reverent piety would not have been satisfied with any thing Jess, and the whole was doubtless THE .GREEK DRAMA Seymour Eaton.) DIRECTED BY PROF; SEYMOUR EATON , llTJ The "Agamemnon," which belongs to the only extant complete trilogy, deals with the murder of Agamemnon o his re turn from Troy by his queen, Clytemnes tra. The characters arc all human, and the character-drawing Is clear and power ful. Ciytcmnestra outdoes Lady Macbeth 1 on her own ground, and the scene In which ! the captive prophetess Cassandra goes lo her death is without parallel for effectlve ! ness In the Greek drama. The whole Is a great masterpiece, and doubtless stamps , Aeschylus as one of the half-dozen great est poets of the world. The "Oedipus Tyrannus" of Sophocles powerfully sets forth the successive steps bv which the nrooDerous Klnsr Oedinus j discovers that he has unwittingly mur 1 dered his own father, and become the j parent of children by his own mother. The inevitable way In which "the action moves straight and undistracted toward the catastrophe" doubtless Justifies Aris totle in treating the "Oedipus Tyrannus" as the type of the highest Greek tragedy. Antigone, the daughter of the same Oedipus. Is In Sophocles hands the most interesting woman of Greek literature, and hence this Is the most celebrated Greek drama. She defies the law of the land ' In burying tho corpse of her brother. Polynlces, and suffers martyrdom In con sequence. It Is Impossible to conceive of loftier language than her deftenco of Creon Nor did I deem thy edicts strong enough. That tltou, a mortal roan, should?! overpays The unwritten laws of God that know not char.ee. They are not of today or yesterday. But live forever. Of tho three great tragic poets, Aeschy lus Is the greatest poetic genius. The legend that the god Dionysus directed the , boy In a vision to devote himself to trag edy might well have been true. A very demlurco he is elemental, srod-lntoxlcated. of sublime Imaginative power, creator of " the most splendid lyrics. The masterful self-sufficiency of his Clytemnestra, the plastic beauty of his Iphigenla, the sub lime unyieldingness of his Prometheus these things and many more place him among ancient poets, perhaps second only to Homer. THEATER OF DIONYSES, ATHENS, RESTORED. - j Sophocles had perhaps the happiest lot i on tnls Path last year, and It was graded among the ancients health, bsauty, to John Mock's house, when unfavorable wealth, victory with his first tragedy and ' weather compelled a halt. So much dam the primacy in letters for all his GO years i ftsc was done tho path on the boulevard thereafter, such repute for gentleness as by people driving on It that until the to make him the idol of the people, and for good Judgment as to Induce the popu lace to elect him general and counselor. And so he was the fit exponent artistic and spiritual of the age of Pericles. Very different from both was Euripides the lonely thinker, philosophical, radical, Innovator In poetry and music, "prophet of a cosmopolitan humanity," kinsman of the troubled spirits of all ages, forerunner of romantic drama, most appreciative of feminine worth, realist, and so bringing his characters down Into the everyday at mosphere, and hence charged with replac ing the heroic by the sensational. He is peen at his best In such plays as "The Bacchae," "Alcestls" and "Iphigenla In Taurls." Both Aeschylus and Euripides nre nearer to us than Sophocles. The Hebrew Scriptures have prepared us for Aeschylus, whom, we recognize as akin to Job and Isaiah; through his more mod ern spirit we can apprehend Euripides most readily of all. Sophocles Is an Athenian of Athenians, and fully to ap preciate him we murt become in a sense Atticlzed. Good translations are Morshead's and Miss Swanwick's of Aeschylus, Plumptre's of Aeschylus and Sophocles, Campbell's of Sophocles, Way's of Euripides and most excellent versions of single plays might be mentioned, e. g.. Browning's "Alcestls" (Balaustlon) ?nd "Hercules Furens." To be read In connection therewith may be recommended, besides the histories of Greek literature, chapters In Jebb's "Clas sical Greek Poetry." Svmor.ds "Greek Poets," Mnhaffy's "Social Life In Greece," Moulton's "Ancient Classical Drama." etc. inere were many comeaians Deiore Aria- i tonhanes-Masrnes. Crates. Cratlnus. Eu- polls and others but for us comedy means primarily Aristophanes. He belongs to the second half of the fifth century, was a contemporary and cordial hater of Euripides, and left 44 comedies, of which 11 are extant. He represents what 's called old comedy L e., personal and political satire and was the great bur lesque critic of Athens. Demagogues Uko Cleon. philosophers llkr Socrates, poets like Euripides, were ridiculed and ma ligned. When liberty of personal satire was somewhat curtailed by law, or taste was changing. Aristophanes tended toward what was afterward cal'ed new comedy, or the comedy of manners. But the great exponent In this field was Menandcr, of whom not a cotnpiete play Is extant, though we have adaptations of his come dies In the Latin of 1'lautus and Ter ence. Aristophanes was and remains fl Wilt MfkC a f Yin ffli teet aamI aa r0 iU.1 SlurnZnrw1:!: chiefly from Menander. and the moderns again have learned It, especially from Plautus and Terence: so that the comedy of the lost Menandcr has been not less far-reaching ln Its Influence than that of Aristophanes. lgfaAJbc Ws-rtci University of Wisconsin. STRAWBERRY JAM. "Wnslilngrton Man llnds a Prolltiiblts Market for It. Centralla News. J. O'B. Scobey. who is the pioneer pro moter of a Jamming and preserving plant at Olympla, says that two years ago h put up 200 cans of strawberry Jam, packed in ordinary Mason fruit Jars, and pre pared as it would be In the kitchen of any farmhouse. It was merely In the nature of an experiment, undertaken at a time when his berries would not bring enough in the market to pay the cost of picking them. The Jam sold so readily that last year he put up 1000 pint Jars, which retail at 25 cents each. They are In an attract ive form, with a handsome label and a guarantee of purity. He had no difficulty In disposing of the entire lot at such a figure that he said It was more prontable for him to can his berries than to sell them fresh at fl 10 per crate. This season he will put up 100.000 Jars for market, not only strawberries, but other small fruits and pure fresh Jellies. He has taken an extensive Eastern trip, In the interest of his wares, and finds everywhere a demand for them. He anticipates no difficulty in disposing of the entire output of his plant, and says he will sell no berries fresh at a lower price than 51 50 per crate. He con sidered the canning of small fruit tho proper solution of the difficulties of the growers. It does away with the transpor tation question, and the vexed commission question. He secures a freight rate of 95 cents per 100 pounds on his canned prod ucts to any point In the United States, and has no complaints to make regarding railroad tariffs. WORK ON CYCLE PATHS. What Han and "Will Be Done on East Side Routed. The cycle paths have passed through the winter, and are in much better con dition than It was thought they could be. H. J. Kelly, who built most of -the paths on the East Side, Including those on the Mllwauklc, Section and Base Line roads, says that he Is satisfied with the results obtained. He says that on these roads good foundations for permanent flrst- class paths have been laid, and now. with ; a little more work and small expense. these paths can be made much better than last year. The first year of cycle path building It was necessary to build foundations, and In places there was very heavy work, but these are now In good condition. On the west side of the !M11 waukle road, near Midway, where It was necessary to build on the side of and along the edge of the bluff, quite a see- tlon of the tilling ha3 been damaged, but It can be repaired at small expense. All the way to Grcsham, 12 miles out, and to P.easant Home, 19 miles distant, there has hardly been a day during the past winter, except during the snow storm, when the trip could not be made awheel, which shows the condition of the paths to be reasonably good. All these cycle paths leading from the city have proved a great boon to the farmers and others living In the suburbs. Before long, construction of other routes "will no doubt be commenced. The path on the Base Line road will be finished to at least the Twelve-Mile House, and perhaps further eastward. Farmers Hv- Ing on the Sandy road are very anxious that a path be constructed to Troutdale this season along that road, and will urge the matter upon the attention of the Commissioners. Tho people living on the Peninsula are very desirous that the one along the Willamette boulevard be I finished to St. John. A start was made ! sin fVifc noV lnf -amw t..l fl -.a-l boulevard has been graveled It will be a waste of money to complete It. The Com mlssloners have promised to gravel a roadbed to St. Johns this year, and when this has been done It will be safe to fin ish the path. The people of Woodstock. Ivnnhoe and Tremont are seeking to get a path extended Into that neighborhood. Doubtless there will be many other points asking for the same. Another Important path Is the one pro posed to be extended to Mount Hood. A good cyclo path to Mount Hood from Portland would be an achievement, and with the start that has been made In that direction. It can be accomplished this year. Ther is a reasonably good path already to Pleasant Home, and If Clacka mas County would Join Multnomah tfl some extent in the matter of expense. It could bo comnleted to Mount Hood. A majority of the wheelmen In theso couiv ties paving the cycle tax would no doubt rnnssnt to th nee of" a considerable por tion of th bicycle tax tn build th's path, prn.vlt'r! the. moncv can bo exnnded ou sWp the 'oijifv. Th -xrltat'on of tHI rnuto to Mount Koo'l hj rone on for Vrfll w-. -jrrl H tc, rptlV tho prrr of pv-Tth nctriotjon In Multnomah and Clackamas Counties. i p Anpolntmont to Annnpolln. nTiv.r.nr hit. Or.. Mnrph 5. nv, , Fdltnr.1 PJon?e answer the follotrlntr minion: TTc-- pm r-"-al rndets adm't tod to lv Kaval Academy nt Annflpo".";. bv e-rcam'natlon or by nripolntment? p.l tween wha Jrs are thtv ol'-ib'e? To wr-om f lon'rt I write to obtain fu-th- in- r-i i j I V J, " " fo.ririlon ln "Bard to the a-aJ Acad emy E. L. B. Cadets are apnolnted to the Naval Acad emy at Annapolis by Congressmen, one from each Congressional District. As It takes cadets six years to complete the course four years at Annapolis and two years on some seagoing ship unless a cadet resigns or his connection with the academy Is severed ln some other way, ihcro is only one appointment every six years. Of course, cadets appointed have. to pass a very strict examination, both In regard to their physical and educational qualifications. Boys between the ages of 15 and 20 or eligible. Appointments are made by Con gressmen whenever they nre notified that there Is a vacancy In their district. An effort !s nw !? . to Increase the ! numoer of cadets, in view of the scarcity of officers and the Increase to be made In the .navy. One scheme prcposed Is to re duce tho term to four years, as nearly all tho cadets are doing naval duty at the end of four years, without tho rank or pay. Another scheme is to have two cadets at large for each state, appointed by Sen ators. The President also has a number of ap pointments ln his gift, and there are about 400 applicants for each of them. He. as a usual thing, appoints the sons of officers. It has been suggested that he be allowed I to appoint 10 every year. It Is quite cer J tain that In some way the number of caneis wm De increased before long, and equally certain that no one will be ad mitted who docs not successfully pass a strlrgent examination. On writing to the Bureau of Navigation, Naval Department, a pamphlet will be forwarded to any one desiring further in formation on this, subject. i IV. C. T. U. Lecture. There will be a free lecture by Mrs. Harford, itate president of the Woman's Christian Temperance Union, at 7:45 this evening, at Sunnyslde M. E. Church. The DUbllc Is cordially Invited. TVi tn-Hn--- J lng Is the programme: scripture: prayer, ilra. 'Harvey Bailey; mandolin and guitar duet. Will Sheehy and Mrs. E. M. Cook; song. Miss Mary Thomas; guitar colo, Mrs. E. M. Cook; lecture, Mrs. Harford; guitar solo, Mr. Tower: closing address. Mrs. Drlggs; bene, diction, Rev. S. A. Starr. If destroys the Nerve Force, Reduces the Vitality , Fills the Blood with Millions of Poisonous Germs and Opens wide the Door for Disease and eath. Drwen out with JLJTsi LaGnppc destroys the health by paralyzing the nervous system, there by undermining the very foundation upon ffhich life and health are built. When tho disease gets a hold on its victim it- UlIs the blood ivith myriads of the disease germs which find their way to the little nerve centers scat tered throughout the body and there begin their work of destruction. Then follows the congestion of the small blood vessels; chilliness, fever, ccugh, sore throat, sneezing, running fit the eyes, splitting headache and pain in the spine. It is thlr. intol erable aching of the body in general and the sudden loss of strength which proves beyond a doubt that LaGrippe is a disease of the nerves. The best method of combating the CRITICISE THE OFFICERS FIMPirfO INSI'RGBXT SOLDIERS DIS SATISFIED. Story of the Capture of Cnstcr's Sad dle Revival of tbe Tobacco Industry. From the last copy of the Manila Free dom received by The Oreconlan, a num ber of newsy items are taken. Among them Is th following: A ffreat many Filipinos who have been ln sympathy with the Insurrection from the start are free In condemning the guer rilla warfare that Agulnaldo and other In surgent leaders are keeping up in the country. A prominent Filipino, who was one of the leaders and) Is now In the city, gave expression to hla vlow of the unpleasant ness and the conditions under which It was kopt up. Ho stated that It was not the intention of the revolutionary forces to flrht against the American Govern ment at any time, but the prevailing feel ing among the leaders was that they were getting the worst of it through not thor oughly considering the situation and ilng a Httlo patience until tho Americans could adjust matters. According to his statement, he took up arms In defense of the honor of their country, or what he supposed at the time to be the defense of his people. "We have failed In what we undertook." enld he, "because our own people do not un derstand the meaning of liberty, and less that of harmony." The movement, he be lieved, was wrong on account of that fac, and he la satisfied with the result. He went on to explain that when one of tho lcadors was known to have money the others would rob him of It and squan der It. In this way they robbed them selves, since they made away with their only means of carrying on the war. Then there were jealousies and factional fights for place, in which they krifed each other to such an extent that the ob ject of the armed opposition to American authority became a secondary considera tion. Another Filipino, who did not go into the field of his own free will, gave vent to similar expressions. He stated that when ho saw he could not avoid taking the Held through Influences that he could not over come. It would have pleased him to havo died then, fighting like a soldier. "But." said he. "my own people, before my very eyes, robbed me of all I had." Continuing, he said: "I was not lrorn for the life of a soldier, but I will say, as a patriot who loves his country, that our leader did not do as he ought to have done. By rights, he should have loncen trated all his forces at Tarlac, and ihere met the Americans like a General, ar d not run and turned his men Into bush whackeTS. He should have died on the field, or surrendered like a man, nnd ux least have done honor to his countrymen. Instead, ho Is a leader of murderers and cut-throats, as I call them." It 13 strange that" during the entire In surrection the so-called army could never be held together ln larger numbers than 3M or S00. The entire army was without discipline, and the lack of faith ln tho leaders, whom they blamed for their many defeats, resulted ln the breaking up cf the entire organization ln failure and dis aster. Onsters Saddle Recaptured. In tho fight at Dolores between Captain McRao's men and an insurgent force un der General Mnscardo. the latter was forced to flee so unexpectedly that he left all his clothing and personal effects. Among tho latter was a saddle belong ing to General Bell, which fell Into -rebel hands through the treachery of a trusted muchacho. This saddCe had originally be longed to General Custer, and had been given by him to (at that time) Captain Bell, while with him in the Indian cam paigns. The saddlo was carefully preserved as a memento of Custer, and was used all through the Spanish and Filipino ware tr.l the time of Its loss, by Bell, then Colo ntl of the Thirty-sixth Infantry. The loss of It occurred during the brilliant cam paign which brought the Colonel so prom inently before tho pub'.lc. He was accom panying a movement on foot, and left nla horse and saddle behind In the care of his muchacho. This worthy, in an excess of patriotic fervor, left for the rebel lines, on the horce. and presented tho outfit to General Mascardo, with the compliments of Colonel Bell. The Insurgent General wrote a polite but sarcastic note of thanks, suggesting that. If Colonel .Bell" wanted It again, he come and take It. To this Bell replied that he would, and started ln pursuit. But the rebel chief and his followers were .fleet of foot and artful dodgers. They kept out of the way very successfully un til the whole north was swept by the tri umphant forces of the Americans. When McRao's forces rushed into Do lores, a scantily clad figure was seen -running to the thick cane field. It was recog nized by one of the Spanish guides, who fired at It. but failed to reach the works. It was General Mascardo. but that was not known to the Americans, or he might not have, gotten of" so safely. When the Spaniard managed to make the fact known, the apartments of the General were searched, resulting In the recovery of the Custer saddle. The Spaniard who recognized Mascardo Is one of several ex-prisoners, who are getting even with the Insurgents for their brutal treatment during captivity. When a placo la captured, everybody in it, ot deadly effects of disease and restor ing the broken-down nerves is to feed them; and no medicine yet dis covered contains oo much nerve and brain tood and so many strengthen ing and health-restoring qualities as Dr. Miles' Herrine. This truly great remedy quiets the irritated nerve centers, cools the feverish, brow and soothes the tired brain to sweet, re freshing, restful sleep. It brings back the lost appetite, stimulates the digestion, overcomes the exces sive waste of the system and replaces the vitality and strength that dis ease had robbed it of. Dr. Miles' Nervine cures the grip. "Last winter I had a veiy severs attack of the grip and try as I might I cockl not fet over it For months I suffered win a terri course. 13 an amlgo, and always has been. They are drawn up In line for Inspection by the Spaniards, and It Is the greatest satisfaction imaginable to them to point out as the ringleaders the officers who found it so arousing to Inflict needless pain and suffering upon the poor fellows who had fallen Into their hands. It Is retribution of the most righteous sort. Conl In the Philippine. While little is being said, active work Is being carried on in the south, looking to the proper development of the coal prospects which havo been found ln the Islands of Cebu and Romblon. Practical mining engineers are now on the ground there, and the different properties will be pioperly surveyed and patented, with a view to commencing work as soon as pos sible. Good coal will always bring a high price here, while at the same time it can be sold at a far lower rate than foreign coal If the coal compares favorably with that which is now being used on Government vewielc, the navy will handle a greater portion of the first output of the new fields. In Luzon, now that the thorough paci fication of the Island is but a few months distant, much activity can be looked for in mining and timber propositions. To meet tho demands ot these two fields In the way of transportation, railroad lines will necessarily have to be built that will convey the lumber and crude ore to the nearest and most convenient point of final disposal With activity In the above lines, Manila will becomo a metropolis Indeed, and the sleepy old town will teem with rushing, crushing life of trade, while the harbor will be crowded with great merchant ships. The time is close at hand when prosperity will come to a country that has hitherto had tho disadvantage of being under Spanish rule. Tho most cheerful signs of the times at present are the great lcada of tobacco coming in from the provinces. As fast as vessels can be unloaded they are sent back to the newly opened ports, in ballast, to bring down more. The canal Ls crowded with cascoes load ed down with the weed, whllo continuous lines of the bales are kept rolling Into the warehouses all along the banks. Prices aro much lower since tho arrival of the new stock, but are still much higher than under normal conditions, and are likely to remain so for some time, in spite of all that can be brought In. RUSSIA IN THE PACIFIC. The Bear Has Sent Her Lnrgfest Flsht lnpr Ships to the "Far East." The cruising programme of the Russian Navy for the current year recently made public by the Russian Minister of Marine demonstrates the correctnets of the hy pothesis of the British Admiralty experts that the entire attention of Russia !s at present concentrated upon the far East, though, so far as the MeJIterranean rquad ron Is concerned, it can at short notice be speedily reinforced by the vessels ordered to be kept ln reserve. To maintain her pretensions In the Orient, Russia this year will be represented In the Pacific Ocean by the most powerful fleet she has ever assembled away from home waters, as the following summary will show: At Port Arthur will be stationed the guardshlp Slatch and a torpedo flotilla, and patrollng the Pacific will be the under mentioned vessels: Battle-ship class: Thcv Poltava and Pe tropaulovsk, of 10.9C0 tons each; the Na varien, 10,206 tons, and the CLfsoi Vellky, SSS0 tons. Armored cruiser class: The Rurlk. 10.S23 tons; the Admiral Nahimoff, S524 tons; the Palloda, 6630 tons; the Waryag, (SCO tons; the Vladimir Monomach, 6C61 tons; the Dimltrc Donekol. 5882 tons, and the Ad miral Korniloff. 5000 tons. Gunboats: Grem'astchy, Otvazny, Glzak, Korletz, Manchester, Amur, Emsee and Bobe. Torpedo-boat destroyers: "Vzadnlk. Gald amak. Kit, Delphnl, Kassatka, Forel, Ster llnd, Sam, Ossetr, Kefal and Skat. In the Mediterranean Sea the Rusvlan Government will maintain the fol!o7.-lng squadron: Emp-Tor Nicholas I, battle-ship, 9672 tons; the Terez, Kubanetz and Ura letz. gunboats of 1221 tons each, and the torpedo-boat Abrek. 525 tons. As a reserve to the Mediterranean fleet there will be stationed ln the Black Sea five battle-ships, namely: The Trla Svlatl tella, of 12.450 tons; the Georgi Pobiedono setz and S'nopc, of 10.2S0 tons each; the Rostlslaw, of SSS0 tons, and tho Dvenadzat Apostoloff, of S07G tons; the third-class cruiser Pamyat Merkurya, 3050 tons; the transport Danube, training-ship Beresanj. and three torpedo gunboats, the Captain IN TABLET FORM-PLEASANT TO TAKE. Dhoaso falla upon man llto a pull, ehrondlnt: bl Hfo In dlaraal Rloom.Dr.l'urkhartS Vugcb&lo Ooinponnd dispels all pain and c:ladlanathohe:irt.Nertrbecome deepondent so lonir iw roa caa procure this famous rencar; evoa mnso vnuinut moans npea not aaspair xor 1 win nra mem a inai uoo ot cnarso. t or z ye w 1 Hare been a constant eni ferer ot Stormcli Tronhln. EMner and Liver Disease Mt lifo was n. burden to me. Dr. Bar&aart's Tesretabla Compound cored mo In tares months. Vr.J. W. Wilder, WUllamsbars, j-. For alo br all drrutrtsls. Thirty dars treatment for 2Sc: Seventy day? treatment Mc: Six months' treatment Sl.CC tnd-tvt' trial trttitm'nt tret. aunnc5i. 2S. W. '. S. SUJiiiSAHTi cuciac&u, O, Vf0HEDUAgyMP ?3sf ble pahi la my back, my legs seemed so heavy that I coulJ scarcely lift them and I was so nervous and restless that I could not sleep at nij-" I would be mora tired in the morning than when I retired; lost all de sire for food and became so despondent and filled with gloomy forbodings that I lost all ambition for work in fact I had the blues in the worst way. I tried several kinds of medicine without getting any help, and fi nally commenced taking Dr. Miles' Nervine. It brought sweet rest and refreshing sleep almost the first night, and after using five bottles I was perfectly cared. I now enjoy a good night's sleep, my nervous system is re stored to its normal condition, and I am myself again, thanks to Dr. Miles' Nervine Charles L. DsWaele, Prosecuting Att'y, Roscommon, Mich. Dr. Miles' Nervine is sold at all clru agists on a positive guarantee. Write fee free advice and booklet to Dr. Milss MEriCAL Co, Elkhart, Ind, Sacken. Grlden and Kazarskl. The Baltic fleet will comprise the battle-ships Peres welt, of 12,074 tons, and the Sebastopol. of 10,SG0 tons; the coast defense shirs Ad miral Ouchakoff. Admiral Senlavln, and Gen. Admiral Apraxlne. of 4126 tons each: the cruiser Svetlana, of 3S28 tons, and the Imperial yacht Standart. The battle-chip Emperor Alexander II. of 9327 tons, and the armored cruiser Parnyat Azova, of 6575 tons, recently attached to the Mediterranean and Pacific squadrons, re spectively, have been ordered to Cronstadt for rearmament, with modern weapons. 1 a a Orcfjon XntlonnI Guard. ALBANY, March 12. (To the Editor.) , Will you please state how many compa- nlen there are In the Third Regiment, O. I N. G., and at what cities they are located? i W. I,. M. In the Third Regiment of the Guard as 1 j--- ... v. 0... . w.... s u. ; .... .u..kJLL n!cs. located as follows: A at Baker City. B nt Ashland. C at Eugene, D at The . Dalles, E, F. G. I and M at Portland, H at Grant's Pass, and L. at La Grande. Besides these companies, which are in the regimental organizations, there are the fo' lowlng separate companies: A at Marsh field, B at Portland, C at Eugene, F at Oregon City, D at Hubbard. E at Wood burn, G at Roseburg. The last three com panies named have not been mustered yet, but applications for their formations have been approved by the State Military Board, and they will be sworn ln during j the next two weeks. 1 t Cleaning -Up at Astoria. Dally Astorlan. Yesterday an Investigation was made of the alleged unclean condition of that part of our city commonly called Swill town. Swllltown has not the whole thing her way. as Chinatown ls running neck and neck for first place. The present condition of Chinatown l only to be described as disgustingly filthy. One festering hole can easily be reached by entering a small alley leading east off Seventh street. Here, ln a back yard of about 15 or 20 feet square, can be found a variety of decayed vegetation. Most all of the China-houses facing Bond street have small back yards, and the condition of all are filthy. e P'anos Organs Wllex- P. Allen Cn Tor Infants and Children. The Kind You Havo Always Bought Bears the Signature of calls for change of diet and change of clothing more warming diet to Impart more heat to the system,, and wcraaer clothing to keep that heat In. Llebig Company's Extract is the moat concentrated stimulative diet known, each pound contains the dletinctlro properties of forty poondsof beef; it provides the necessary stunoluc to the system without cay reaction. Genuine only wllh . this Blue Signature. COMPANY'S EXTBSC OF BEEF RBnunf' Avoid all drylnir Inhalants and use that which cleanses, soothes and heals the mem brane. ELY'S CREAM HALM Is such a remedy H'.-W' U.' fl'H. '3S? Il&fj fcCSi'WKttir'X a r and will cure ("MS CATARRH easily and pleasantly. Cold In the Head quickly vanishes. Cream Balm is placed Into the nostrils. spreaJi over the membrane and is absorbed. Itellci Ii Immd1fttr rdiI a nir fft!!nwr It T , ! I Ins does not produce sneeclns:. Large sUe. Sue; I at drurglsts or by mall. Trial atxe. 10c. by roan. ELY BROTHERS. 56 Warren Street. New York. The Best Washing Powder 1 - - , WINTER 5Lr js y ? m fp iiiii BlfSl ftlilllN THE PALATIAL OREGONIAN BUILDING ffHiflfl Xot n darlc ofllce In the bnllillngi litolnteIy nreitroof; electric llhtt anil p.rtMinn water; perfect sanltn tlnn and tliorontr" ventilation. Kle intors run Ii- mid nlcIiK lvoom. AN-DEP.SOM. GUST A V. Attorney-at-Tw C13 ASSOCIATED PRESS; E. L. Pcwell. M?x ...SoO BANKERS' LIFE ASSOCIATION, of D Koines. la.; C. A. McCargir. State Ajtenc.502-3 BEHNXE. 1L W. Ptln. Ternln Shorthand School .............311 BENJAMIN. R. W Dentist 31 EINSWANGER. DR. O. S.. Phys. Sc Sur..H 413 BPUERE. DR. G. E.. Phyilclan 412-413-41 BUSTEED. RICHARD. Aent Wilson & Mo- Callny Tobacco Co eo2-GOJ CAUKIN. G. E.. District Anent Travelers Insurance Co 718 CARDWELL. DR. J. B 5M CIAHK. HAROLD. Dentist 314 CLEM. E. A. & CO., Mlnlns Iroperttes...515-31tl COLUMBIA TELEPHONE COMPANY ct)4-co5-coa-coT-oi3-ei4-cn CORNELIUS. C W.. Phys. and Surgeon 2M COVER. P. C, Cashier Equitable Lite 3iM COLLIER. P. E. Punllsnir; S. P. McGujre. Manager .... 413-tll DAY. J. O. & I. N 313 DAVIS. NAPOLEON. President Columbia Telephone Co 007 DICKSON. DR. J. F.. Physician 713-71 DRAKE. DR. H B. Physician S12-313-511 DUNHAM. MRS. GEO. A. 717 DWYER. JAS. F. Tobaccos 40J EDITORIAL ROOMS Elshth floor EQUITABLE LIFE ASSURANCE SOCIETY: L. Samuel. Manager; F. C Cover. Cashler.,303 EVENING TELEGRAM 325 Alder stiet FENTON. J. D.. Physician and Surseon..609-B10 FEN'TON. DR. HICKS C. Eye and Ear 311 FENTON. MATTHEW F.. Dentist 003 FIDELITY MUTUAL. LIFE ASS'N: E. C. Stark. Manager 601 FRENCH SCHOOL (by conversation): Dr. A. Muzzarelll. Manager ..... .700 GALVANI. W. II.. Engineer and Draughts man 600 GAVIN. A.. President Oregon Camera Club.. 214-215-2U5-21T GEARY. DR. EDWARD P.. Physician and Surgeon 212-213 GIE3Y. A. J.. Physician and 3urgon....70U-710 GODDARD. E. C. & CO.. Footwear, ground floor ...........................120 Sixth- street GOLDMAN. WILLIAM. Manager Manhattan Life Insurance Co.. of New York 209-210 GRANT. FRANK S.. Attoraey-at-Iaw 617 GRENIER. MISS BEATRICE. Dentist -703 Hammam Batha. Kins & Cotnpton. Ptopa .3U0 HAMMOND. A. B 31U HEIDINGER. GEO. A. &. CO.. Pianos and Organs 131 Sixth St. HOLLISTER, DR. O. C Phys. & Surjr... 504-303 IDLEMAN. C. M.. Attorney-at-Law... 416-17-13 Johnson. W. C 315-31C-3I7 KADY. MARK T.. Manager Pacific North- Trest Mutual Reserve Fund Ufe Asso...604 LAMONT. JOHN. Vice-President and Gen eral Manager Columbia Telephone Co COS LITTLEFIELD. H. R.. Phys. and Surgeon. ..203 MACRUM. W. S.. Sec. Oregon Camerx Club..214 MACKAY. DR. A. E.. Phys. and Surg. ...71 1-713 MAXWELL. DR. W. E.. Phys. & Surg.. 701-2-3 McCARGAR. C. A.. State Agent Bankers' Life Association ..802-303 McCOY." NEWTON. Attomcy-at-Law 713 McFADEN. MISS IDA E.. Stenographer 201 McGINN. HENRY D.. Attorn?y-a:-Law.. 311-313 McKELL. T. J.. Manufacturers" Representa tive 303 MILLER. DR. HERBERT C.. Dentist and Oral Surgeon POS-oa MOSPMAN. DR. E. P.. Dentist 512-313-314 MANHATTAN LIFE INSURANCE CO.. of New York; W. Goldman. Manager 200-210 McELROY. DR. J. G.. Phys. & Surg.70 1 -702-703 McFARLAND. E. B.. Secretary Columbia Telephone Co .......600 McGUIRE. S. P.. Manager P. F. Collier. Publisher 413-413 MeKIM. MAURICE. Attorr.ey-at-Law 300 MUTUAL LIKE INSURANCE CO.. ot New York; Wm. 5. Fond. State Mgr. 4O4-405-408 MUTUAL RESERVE FUND LIFE ASS'N; M. T. Kady. Mgr. Pacific Northwest 604 003 NICHOLAS. HORACE I!.. A:;orney-at-Law..713 NILES. M. L.. Cashier Manhattan Life In surance Co., of New York.. . 2C3 OREGON INFIRMARY OF OSTEOPATHY: Dr. L. B. Smith. Osteopath 408-403 OREGON CAMERA CLUB . ..214-215-21rt-2l7 PERNIN SHORTHAND SCHOOL. H- W. Behnke. Prln 211 POND. WM. P.. State Manager Mutual Ufe Ins. Co. of New Yor'c 401-405-406 PORTLAND EYE AND ER INFIRMARY.. Ground floor. 133 Sixth str-t PORTLAND PRESS CLUB 711 PROTZMAN EUCENE C. Superlntend9nt Agenda Mutual Reerve Fund LIT, of Npw York H PUTNAM'S SONS. G. P.. TuMUhers 310 QUIMBY. L. P. W.. Game ami Forestry Warden 716--17 REED & MALCOrtf. Optlclnn.,133 Sixth utre-t RFED. F C. FI Cnmml!nner RYAN. J. B.. Attorr.ey-at-'aw -H jALISBURY. GEO N.. Section Director. U. S. Weather Bureau 00 SVMUEL. L.. Manager Equ'tabtf Ll 30d SANDFORD. A. C. CO Publish"' A 313 SCRIBNER'S SONS. CHAS.. Publlers: Jose Hoison. Mamjrer .113-31 C-517 SHERWOOD. J. W. rpu'v Supreme Com mander. K. O. T. M '-17 SMITH. DR. L B.O.'eopnth 40S-409 SONS OF THE AMERICN REVOLUTION .W STARK. E. C. Ex-cutlv Spor'nl. F13ell:r Mutual T-lfe Association of Phlla.. Ta VM STARR i- COLE Pvrofcraphy - 4""! STErL. G. A. Fort Inspector ,.. 23 STUART. PELL. Attorney-at-Law. ..C13-R'fl r'7 5TOLTE. DK CTTAS. E. Dentist 7C4-703 SURGEON OF THE 3. P. RY. AND N. P. TERMINVL CO 70! STROWBRIDGE. THOS H . E-cecutlve Spe cial Agent Mutual Life, of Now York. ... 41 crPFR INTEND EST OFKICK "TU TUCKER. PR GEO F.. Den.Mst 01 1 fill US. WEATHER BUREAU... H0O-007-nn"'-IK U. S. LIGHTHOUSE ENGINEERS 1TH DIST.. Captain W. C. Langfltt. Corps of Engineers. TJ. S. A 30J U. S. ENGINEER OFFICE. RIVER AND HARF.OR IMPROVEMENT. Cnptiln W C. LanclVL Corps ot Enginoor. U. S. A .SU WATERMAN. C. II.. Cashier Mutual Life of NVw Ycrk 1 W ATKINS. Mla E. L.. Purchasing Ager-y 7'P WEATHERRED. MRS. EDYTII. Grand See- retary Native Daughters 71C-717 WHITE. MISS L. E.. Ass': Sec. Oregon Cam era Club v -n WILSON. DR. EDWARD N,. Phj. & 3ur 3M-S WILSON. DR GEO F.. Phv. & Sura:.. 7rC- 7 WILSON. US. HOLT C. Phy. & Surs...S7 5.3 WILSON & McCALLAY TOBACCO C ) Richard Busted. Agent Wr3 WOOD. BR. W. L.. Physlclin 412-413 '. WILLAMETTE VALLEY TELEPII. CO C1J A few more elccrnnt ofDeefi mrcr rt had lr npplyinc: to Portlnnil Trust Company of Orezoo, lOt) Tlilnl at.. u to the rent clerU In tlir Iiullilliiv. MEN NO CURE. :S NO PAY THE MODERN APrLI- ANCE A positive way to perfect manh-i'l. Everything else falls. The VACUUM TREAT MENT CURES you without medicine cf all nervous or diseases of the generative organs, such aa lest manhood, exhauoting drains, vari cocele. Impotency. etc. Men are quickly re stored to perfect health and strength Write for circulars. Correspondence confiden tial. THE HEALTH APPLIANCE CO. room 47-43 Safe Deposit building; Seattle. Wash.