Morning Oregonian., January 29, 1900, Page 5, Image 5

THIS MOANING OKEGOIAN, MONDAY, JAyTJARY 29, 1900.
RGENTINE TREATY
Would Bring Serious Reduction
of Duty on Wool.
NO DIRECT MOVE COUNTENANCED
"Woolgrovrer Make Protest Against
Snch Action Xot to Be Endured
From. McKInley Administration.
WASHINGTON, Jan. 22. The woolgrow
eife of the West are just waking up to the
fact that the so-called reciprocity treaty
with the Argentine Republic, if ratified,
would work a great hardship to their In
dustry, and are taking steps to thwart the
purpose or the friends of this treaty.
Many of the associations have addressed
petitions to senators and representatives
in this matter, but in most cases the
parties so addressed are keenly alive to
the true situation, and ready to use their
best efforts to defeat the treaty.
Representative Moody received the fol
lowing protest from one of his wool
dealing correspondents in San Francisco,
and, on consulting with his colleagues and
members of the California and Washington
delegations, was assured that there is lit
tle or no prospect of the Argentine treaty
being ratified. The following is one of
the most complete and comprehensive
itatements that has yet been prepared
on the subject by the wool men of the
West. The statement is in part as fol
lows: "The American wool Industry is menaced
with very serious injury by the proposed
reciprocity treaty with the Argentine Re
public, as it proposes to reduce the Ding
ley tariff wool duties 20 per cent, or, in
other words, lower the present rate, which
was the same as the McKInley rate, from
U cents per pound to 8.8 cents per pound,
and this reduction is to be made before
the Dingley tariff act has had a chance
to fairly act.
"Up to this time only 75 per cent of the
price-lifting effect of the Dingley tariff
act has been felt. American wool must
still he 25 per cent higher than today's
quotation to equal the cost of foreign
wool imported under the present tariff
act. The reason why the present tariff
act is not yet in full force is because
we are not importing much wool, and are
still using tip the three years' wool sup
ply imported in anticipation of the Ding
ley tariff act. This great surplus of free
wool has not yet all been consumed, and
yet the wool industry is assailed by a
proposition emanating from the McKInley
administration to reduce wool duties 20
per cent.
"A measure thus leaning one-fifth of tho
"way towards free wool, emanating from
this administration, and inflicting serious
hurt to the woolgrowing industry, could
not possibly become a law through the
vote of the representatives of the people
in congress, if both branches were given
an opportunity to legislate upon the in
terests of their constituents.
"If this reduction of duties is legally
sneaked through under more or less ob
scure treaty provisions, its effect will be
injurious to and will give offense to the
very best friends of the McKInley admin
istration. "In view of the fact that this reduc
tion in wool duties could not possibly be
accomplished through a vote of both
branches of the present congress, while
the same result is arrived at by means of
a treaty, it would be regarded by the
woolgrowers of the United States, and
would "be Justly so regarded, as an insid
ious method of injuring them, and its
accomplishment in this manner gives them
no chance to defend themselves against
such an injurious measure.
""How is this to be defended by the
present administration of Its friends?
President McKInley stands above all oth
ers as the" champion of protection, and
particularly and especially of protection
for the woolgrowing industry, which of
all others has sustained most cruel and
crushing injury at the hands of Grover
Cleveland's administration.
"The resentment against President Mc
Kmley, If this wool-reduction treaty Is
successfully engineered, might possibly
be greater than that against Cleveland
among agricultural classes, for Cleveland
believed that he was elected to put wool
on the free list, while McKInley, so fax
as the woolgrowers' votes are concerned,
was elected to recore the McKInley rates
-upon wool; yet 'f .his treaty goes through
the McKInley administration reduces the
wool duties before the present tariff has
had a chance of a fair trial.
"Imagine the revulsion of feeling toward
the administration and toward President
McKInley himself, who is the embodiment
of the principle of protection to wool,
and if this pernicious act is accomplished
through his sanction and approval.
"A very moderate change In the popu
lar vote in the woolgrowing states of
Maryland, West Virginia, Indiana, Ken
tucky, and Oregon would have carried
the electoral vote for Mr. Bryan. Our
party could never have succeeded in 1896
hut for the change, by the cutting loos
from their old allegiance of many demo
cratic woolgrowers in taese states, who
rushed to McKInley's support If those
who had thus changed their votes had
voted for Bryan, the latter would now
have been president of the United States."
The petitioner then goes on to point out
that the ratification of this treaty would
he a serious embarrassment to McKInley
in his coming campaign, while with the
treaty defeated, there is a chance of car
rying Wyoming, South Dakota, Montana
and Idaho, all great wool-producing
states. Continuing, he says:
""One of the objectionable features of
this treaty Is that it bears cruelly upon
one class of agriculturists, and would be
Indirectly injurious to all of them. It is
an attack upon the American farmer.
This reduction on wool would be indefen
sible, because the reduction falls -upon the
latter alone, and not upon manufacturers
of wool, as the Argentine Is not a wool
manufacturing country.
"'This reciprocity treaty would be espe
cially offensive to the domestic wool
grower, as it actually makes a present to
the woolen manufacturer of an nnneeded
20 per cent reduction in the duties upon
his Taw material at the cost of the wool
grower, without any compensatory bene
fit to him of any kind whatever. It dis
arranges and throws entirely out of bal
ance the principle upon which schedule
K was built, namely, that the compen
satory duty upon a pound of cloth should
be four times the duty upon one pound
of the unwashed wool. This treaty re
duces the duty upon unwashed wool, and
makes no corresponding reduction in the
compensatory duty upon a pound of cloth,
and the practical effect of it is that it
actually increases the compensatory duty
upon manufactures of wool 23 per cent,
and increases the compensatory duty upon
manufactures of wool from fm,r timo
(which the law Intended to impose) to five
times the duty upon one pound of un
washed wool of the first class. How can
this administration justify this? Would
not the woolgrower of the United States
have just cause to feel outraged and If
he feels outraged, how can his support
for the republican party be looked for'
A woolgrower would really have the right
to feel that he was deeply Injured In the
house of his friend. The faithful sen
tries that are depended upon o guard
against free-wool enemies actually ass'st
those enemies through the lines and Into
tne woolgrowers camp,
"This is the situation, and the view of
it that will be taken by the woolgrowers
of the United States. Can the Mcivlnley
administration for one moment permit
suh a situation?
"The friends of the reciprocity measure
claim that they have knowledge of the
president's personal approval of the treaty
openly declaring that it has been sent
to the senate with the request that that
body vote for Its confirmation. -This jthe
president could not have done unless he
had been grossly misinformed as to the
Influences of this treaty upon the welfare
of a very large" class of our citizens. How
can any republican favor such a measure
when McKInley represents the opposite
extreme of what Cleveland stood for? Ho
stood for free wool and free raw material.
McKInley stood for protected wool.
"Argentine wool in large quantities has
been bought in the republic and Is now In
transit here. It has been shipped by aliens
who are, offering It for sale as a great and
tempting bargain with the assurance that
they have Inside information that this
treaty will he put through the senate.
"Aside from the injustice of forcing this
quasi free trade measure down the throats
of the woolgrowers of this country,
through the legal opportunity offered to
the administration at a time when those
who will be injured by it are In total Ig-
norance of Its effect upon their interests,
. r .. .
or Indeed of its existence, its disastrous
,, ..n., iflo nnn vio Tonnhifmn
party should be considered.
"The wools that come from the Argen-
tins Republic are skirted wools. They pay
only the same duty that was provided for
STEAMER GYPSY LOADING FLOUR AT MONROE, ON
-..I.. I '- ' l HI I III' . '
The opening up of the Ixmg Tom and the subsequent trips of river steamers to Monroe proves very conclusively that many of our smaller
streams can be used for the purpose of transporting farm and garden prvduce to outside markets. v.
Government work on the Long Tom -was commenced last September, continued for three months, and embraced a distance of nine miles,
yet the total amount expended -was less than $3000. However, where before arowboat could hardly paas down the main channel.now a
mo3erate-slzed river steamer, carrying 75 tons of freight, makes the trip In comparatively low water. Thla speaks a great deal tqMht f
forts of Mr. Dunn, who had the work In charge.
Another like appropriation by congress would put this stream In fine shape, and It would thus become of great benefit to the hundreds of
farmers lling In this Mclnity.
-wools that contained the skirts. This In
dustry cannot bear the slightest reduction
in the duty upon skirted wools. It -would
be more equitable to Increase it, were It
practicable, which experience ias shown
it Is not.
Many former democrats voted with the
republicans at the last election because of
their disgust with Cleveland's free-wool
experiment. A great many more, and
many of whom had once been republicans,
voted for Bryan because they believed the
Inflation of prices that would come
through the free coinage of silver would
Taise prices for wool more rapidly and
more permanently than any tariff could
do It
"'Senator Teller, and those who followed
his teachings, used this argument with
good effect in the former republican wool
growing states of Colorado, Montana, Ida
ho and Nevada, with the result that the
electoral vote of these states was given
to Bryan. The substantial benefits al
ready apparent to the wool industry
through the Dingley tariff act, although
the latter has as yet exerted only 75 per
cent of its price-lifting effect, have opened
the eyes of many of these people, and If
the present Dingley tariff act is permit
ted to continue until It has a moderately
fair trial, and without curtailment by the
McKInley administration, the probabilities
are that a very laxge number of these
woolgrowers who voted for silver inflation
in 1896, if uiven an opportunity to do so,
will vote for McKInley in 1900, provided
this treaty is not permitted to go through.
If this administration is known as its
champion, the republican party will lose a
very important and a very necessary sup
port from woolgrowers in the so-callcU
silver states. Imagine the anger ana Uis
gustof wcolgrowers everywhere when they
learn that the next move toward free
wool ha? had its initiative in the McKin
ley administration. Looking at the mat
ter from this standpoint of protection to a
very Important American industry, repub
lican senators cannot permit this treaty
to be put through. A serious blunder has
already been made, but It can be retrieved,
and a brilliant advantage may be taken
of it, if the president should ask the sen
ate for its recall on the ground that it
would work injury to many and benefit
but few. If, on the other hand, this meas
ure is accepted by this administration, it
will make the word 'reciprocity' a hated
word and a reproach to the republican
party."
It is true that there are some overdrawn
statements In this protest, but, summed
up, as a whole, tho statements and claims
are warranted by the facts in the case.
Finding Beer.
From "Aids to Scouting for Noncommissioned
Oflicers and Men," by Colonel Baden-powell.
I was riding one aay across an open i
grass plain in Matabeleland, with one
native, scooting.
Suddenly we noticed the grass had been
recently trodden down; following up the
track for a short distance It got on to a
patch of sandy ground, and we then saw
that it was the spoor of several women
and bojs walking toward some hills about
five miles distant, where we believed the
enemy to be hiding. Then we saw a leaf
lying about 10 yards off the track there
were no trees for miles, but there were,
we knew, trees of this kind at a village
15 miles distant, in the direction from
which the tracks led. Probably, then, ,
these women had come from that vil- t
iage, bring the leaf with them, and had .
gone to the hills.
On picking up the leaf it was damp,
and smelled of native beer. So we guessed
that according to the' custom" of these
people (remember, as I said before, to
study the habits and customs of your en
emy) they had been carrying pots of na
tive beer on their heads, the mouths of
tho pots being stopped 'with bunches of
leaves. One of these leaves had fallen
out; but we found it 10 yards off the
track, which showed that at the time It
fell a wind had been blowing.
There was no wind now, but there had
been at about 5 A. M., and it was now
nearly 7.
So we reUd from these signs that a par
ty of women had brought beer during the
night from the village 15 miles distant,
and had taken it to the enemy on the
hills, arriving there about 6 o'clock.
The men would probably start to drink
the beer at once (as it goes sour If kept
for long), and would by the time we
could get there be getting sleepy from it,
so we should have a favorable chance of
reconnolterlng their position.
We accordingly followed the women's
tracks, found the enemy, made our obser
vations, and got away with our Informa
tion without any difficulty.
FORfUNES MADE IN HLMP
PHILIPPINE -WAR EXRICHES MEN IN
cordage: iiUsixEbs.
Peoria 3Inn Said to Have Made $1,-
000,000 by the Rise in Price of
the Manila Product.
It Is said by those who are In a position
to know, says the Peoria correspondent
of the Chicago Record, that Martin King
man, of this city, head of the company
which has agricultural Implement houses
in Omaha. Kansas City and other oolnts
in the West, and who also is connected
i,ii .,. tt,h--v, f ,wmnonir mn.
" a"'""" na "" - .j ,-
insr and operating the Peoria cordage
works In that city, has made over $1,000,000
out of deals in Manila hemp within the
last year. While Mr. Kingman is not
talking about his private affairs and while
the exact extent of his profits and the
profits of those associated with him will
probably never be known, there is no ques
tion that the great rise In the price ot
hemp due to the war in the Phil ppines
has bem Immensely profitable to them,
and lf seven figures are not required to
write the total, a sum well up In six
figures is the minimum.
The present high price of the fiber has
brought about several notable changes In
the cordage business of the country. One
of these changes is Indicated by the fact
that Manila hemp Is not bejng used at
the nresent time bv the Peoria cordage
establishment in the manufacture of bind-
ing twine nor are" any of the binding twme most serious features'' of 'the situation Is
factories ot the country using it. The that much of this twine on hand Is pf in
raw fiber brings so high a price In the ferjor quality, and forcing it upon the
markets of the, world at this time that j market to get rid of It will doubtless beat
it does not pay to work It up, and sub- , down the prices to a very appreciable de
stitutes are neing usea. u.ne man la nemp
fiber at present Is being used only In the
manufacture of the strongest and most
durable varieties of cordage, generally
used for special purposes, such as the rig
ging of ships, hoisting machinery and sim
ilar requirements. The Peoria factory and
other factories are turning out a limited
quantity of this class of products, and
the same is to be said of the.other cordage
factories of the country. As a con equen,. a
of these changes in trade the prices of
ropes and cordage generally are far above
what they have been 'for many years In
the United States, and there Is not likely
to bo any change of. consequence in the
country for some time to, come.
The Manila hemp held by Americans has
been Immensely profitable. A little over
a year ago the price of this product of the
new American possessions in the Philip
pines was between 6 and 7 cents a pound.
At the time the war between Spain and
the TJn ted States broke out there was a
fair supply of the fiber in the United
States, and there was quite a large supply
on the way to the United States. After
the Philippines were blockaded by Dewey's
vessels the price went up, but the situa
tion was somewhat relieved later by an or
der from Washington that ships laden
with the fiber for the United States should
be allowed to sail. When this limited sup
ply was exhausted there was a total ces
sation, for the supply from the Islands
has been Interfered with not only in the
work of the blockade, but In the Inter
ferences with the supply for export by the
armies working In the inter'or. The price
of fiber has increased gradually until it
is now about three times what It was
at the outbreak of the war, and the pros
pect Is that It will go considerably higher
before the decline sets In. While this In
crease In,pnce has been developed Peoria
Interests have not been blind to the situ
ation and the Immense profits to Martin
Kingman and his associates are the conse
quence. Several of the shiploads of the
fiber released at Manila by order of tho
federal government were consigned to the
Poria concern, and this establishment's
present stock, in fact, comes from this
source.
Substitutes in the Manila hemp line are
not numerous. The substitute in general
use at the present time Is the sisal or
Yucatan hemp. It Is not so good as the Ma
nl.a article, lacking nearly all of the
strength and fineness of the latter, but It
does very well for binding twine and sim
ilar purposes. Even this substitute has
advanced In price, selling now for about 9
cents a pound. There is no reason why
tnls should be the case except the natural
sympathy of this product w th the hemn
market and the Increased demand for it by
reason of the decline in the use of hemp,
The supp y of he Yucatan article Is
ample, and there has been no interference
with getting it to market. There is also
an American nemp which is used to a
considerable degree In the manufacture of
binding twine. It gives very fair sa is
fact'on. It Is the common belief of people
generally that jute is also used for this
purpose, but there seems to be no- confir
mation of this belief from the cordage
people. Jute Is a fiber grown 'n India
generally, and to a degree in adjacent
parts of As'a. It is claimed by the Peoria
cordage people that its fiber Is too short
and Is too greatly affected by moisture
1 and other weather conditions to be of any
great value for binding twine purposes.
It Is sa'd that two days' exposure to un-
, favorable conditions of the weather would
destroy its strength, and grain bound with
jute fiber would, in a few days, be bound
by nothing at all.
The effect of closing the ports of the
Phripoir.es has been far more serious than
appears upon the surface of the situation.
The first effect of the closing- of the -orts
j 's naturally the neglect of business in the
interior. When the natives found that
mere was no market for their product
they ceased gathering the fiber and pre
paring it for market. The flxat resuls
of this Is that there Is no reserve sfock
on' hand, and, if the ports of the Philip
pine archipelago were opened today, U
would "be some t-me before there would
be any fiber to be had. Anotner serious
result Is in the fact that the negect of
the Manila fiber plant by not gather ng
the fiber allows the leaves of the plant
to mature, and the result Is an lnfer.or
grade of fiber when once there Is an at
tempt to secure a supply. As only the
"best grades of the fiber can be used to
advantage In the manufactures of this
country, It will be nearly a year after
the close of hostilities and the open'ng
up of the trade hefore any adequate sup
ply of the right sort of fiber can be had
In the United States, and the material in
Its raw condition will be scarce and h gh
priced for at least another year. The
close of the war In the Philippines is,
therefore, a very Important matter to the
cordage Interests of the country, and they
ro -nrn trYiinn' rJpvplnTimpnts -with more than
---
ordinary care.
When Secretary of War Root was in
Peoria several weeks ago, Mr. Martin
Kingman made particular inquiries of him
as to the probabilities in the way of open-
THE LONG TOM RIVER.
ing the Islands to their accustomed com
merce. It was the opinion of the secretary
that a very considerable portion of the
Island of Luzon, so Important to the Ma
nila trade, would be occupied by troops,
so that commerce could be carried on wi.h.
out difficulty,
The weakest spot In the hemp market
today Is that there are at least 25,000 tons
of binding twine on liand, in the several
parts of the country. The estimated con
sumption of twine per season Is about 70,
000 tons, and the stock carried over is,
therefore, at least a third of the entire
season's demand. This In Itself is rather
I a damper on the trade, bul one- of the
i gree
IN NEED OF A HATCHERY.
Cannerymen of tlie Umpqua Want
More Salmon.
J. C. Zumwault. of Gardiner, who is
spending a few days In Portland, says
the run of steelhead salmon has been very
good this winter on the Umpqua, and the
fishermen of that portion of Douglas coun
ty are doing very well catching them for
the Portland market. The fish are
freighted by wagon to Drain, over a very
bad road of 30 miles, which follows the
Umpqua river, but the price paid by deal
ers at Drain, 6 cents a pound, makes it
an object for both fisherman and teamster.
There are two canneries near the mouth
of the Umpqua now, one having been
built by the Gardiner Lumber Company
last summer. The run of fish was light,
however, and both canneries only suc
ceeded in putting up total of 10.000 cases
Fishermen over there think a hatchery
Is badly needed somewhere on the Ump
qua, and they are sure one would have
been In operation by this time, were It not
for the drowning of Fish Commissioner
McGuIre and State Senator Reed, last
summer.
Of late nothing has beep heard of tho
proposed hatchery above the mouth of
Elk creek, and people of the. Lower Ump
qua fear the matter has been dropped.
Mr. Zumwault looks forward to the erec
tion of a new saw mill at Gardiner this
summer, as interested parties have been
looking over the ground. The lumber
sawn at Gardiner finds a market at San
Francisco, being taken out of the Ump
qua by steamers, and this trade, toEreHinr
with the canneries, makes Gardiner quite
a business place. A good wagon road,
nowover. is oaaiy needed between Scotts
burg and Drain, about 20 miles,, but this
would cost more money than the tax
payers of Douglas county would be wilHnc
to pay. at present The trade of Gardi
ner, like that of all Southern Oregon
coast points, goes to San Francisco, "in
stead of to Portland, because no railroad
has yet tapped that territory, and the
wagon roads to points along the Southern
Pacific are very poor.
1 1 0 fr i i
Biennial Elections in Tovrn.
Chicago Tribune.
Iowa probably will have "biennial elec
tions after 1902. TheconstItutIonaI amend
ment providing for elections every two
years Instead of annually was approved
by the last legislature, and the body now
In session looks upon It with favor, only
one opposing vote being cast In the senate.
There will be a popular vote upon the
amendment, and there Is slight doubt of Its
verdict. Senator Titus, the. author of the
amendment, says that of 160 newspapers'
that have exprqsced themselves upon the
measure, only 13 were opnosed. In sub
stituting biennial elect'ons for annual elec
tlrns, Towa Is following the drift of state
constitutions. There are now only 10 states
that hold elections annually. Mr. Bryce,
In his "American Commonwealth," polntec?
to this as one of the ev'dences ''f popular
distrust of legislators: for biennial se--s'ons
of the legislature usually accompany
biennial elections. It is more ljkely that
he real reasons are economy of money and
of time. It Is estimated that the cost of
a state election 'n Iowa Is $300 000. so the
new amendment raea"P a saving of that
much money every 'wo years. The rro
pospd I'wa amendment vvill atfd another
y"r to the terra of all state of".pprs. who
now pprvp only onp year, and this will also
be an Improvement.
Advnntanrc of T'onltlon.
Chicago T-ibune.
"Where have rou been all afternoon?"
"Jvsio haU Piano recital." t ,
"Tnfcrr.ai'y tiresome wasn't It?"
"Not at alL I was the pianist."
iBu&'
come here from all directions, for hundreds of miles around
being recommended to our offices knowing full well that all work done here will be
done by experts, SELECTED for their SUPERIOR SKILL from all the Eastern cities,
and that i -$or( js Guaranteed With a Protective Guarantee for 10 Years.
NO EXORBITANT PRICES charged by us. A FREE EXAMINATION will be made and a
price understood before work Is commenced. NO DEPOSIT REQUIRED until work Is begun.
CHARGED A WOMAN by a dentist of Portland (before the New York Dentists came) for an ordinary rubber
plate which later, upon examination, was found could be made bv the New Ynrfc nrntit fitb nrnn
for $3, using the same grade of materials throughout. Is it any wonder we are PATRONIZED SO EXTENSIVELY? Can
a dentist blame his neighbor for deserting him?
All Operators Now Employed at the New York Dental Parlors Are Registered Men.
sJBlHKIE ill
This out was photographed by artist from Oregonlan office,
which la a specimen of our handicraft.
The New York Dentists have long held the well
earned title of acknowledged leading; and most suc
cessful specialists the world has ever known.
Our dealings are fair and honest, and far in advance
of those used by any other dentists.
Of gold which take the
place of plates are handled
in our office bv sDeciallsts
who have had years of experience in all prominent
cities, and who are without equals anywhere in the
world. These men make the most beautiful work
known in this line of work, not only beautiful, but
natural, durable, and, moreover, most comfortable to
wear.
Pleased and grateful people are loud in their
praises of their work, and every day finds new pa
tients in our parlors, sent there by former patients,,
who feel that they owe it a duty to their friends to
send them to the very best place to have their work
done where they will receive the best work and most
courteous treatment.
Hours 8 to S, Sundays 10 to 4. Lady
CAUSES OF IHE WAR
THE BESIGJf TO EXPEL THE BRIT
ISH FROM SOUTH AFRICA.
Race Antagonisms and Contention of
Systems at Bottom of the
Straggle.
The Cape Times, just received in London
by mail, contains an Important letter from
Mr. Theodore Schreiner, a brother of the
Cape premier, well known for his temper
ance and religious work, based on a mani
festo Issued to the Orange Free State
burghers by Mr Reitz, state secretary of
the Transvaal. Mr. Schrelner says:
In this shameful and shameless docu
ment. Sir Alfred Mllner, Mr. Chamberlain,
the British cabinet, the queen of England
and the British nation are declared to be
murderers, robbers, breakers of treaties,
etc., and the responsibility for the nresent
war between the republics and England
Is sought to be laid on their shoulders in
a wealth of scurrilous and mendacious
statement.
I feel impelled to write the following
lines, not to discuss matters which have
passed beyond the pale of argument, but
to throw a little personal historic light on
the question as to who Is responsible for
the present war, which may serve to show
that not England, nor England's queen, nor
England's government, are the real orig
inators of the same.
I met Mr. Reitz, then a judge of the
Orange Free State, In Bloemfonteln, be
tween 17 and IS years ago, shortly after
the retrocession of the Transvaal, and
when he was busy establishing the Afri
kander bond. It must be patent to every
one that at that time, at all events, Eng
land and its government had no intention
of taking away the Independence of the
Transvaal, for she had just "magnani
mously" granted the same; no Intent.on
of making war on the republics, for sho
had just made peace; no intention to seize
the rand gold fields, for they were not yet
discovered. At that time, then, I met
Mr. Reitz and he did his best to get me to
become a member of his Afrikander bond,
but, after studying its constitution and
programme, I refused to do so, whereupon
the following colloquy In substance took
place between us, which has been indelibly
imprinted on my mind ever since:
Reitz Why do you refuse? Is the object
of getting the people to take an Interest
m political matters not a good one?
Myself Yes, it Is; ,but I seem to see
plainly here between the lines of this con
stitution much more ultimately aimed ai
than that.
Reitz What?
Myself I see quite clearly that the ulti
mate object aimed at Is the overthrow of
the British power and the expulsion of the
British flag from South Africa.
Reitz (with his pleasant, conscious smile,
as one whose secret thought and purpose
had been discovered, and who was not al
together displeased that such was the
case) Well, what If it is so?
Myself You don't suppose, do you, that
that flag Is going to disappear from South ,
Afrlca without a tremendous struggle and ' ment of creameries will be subjects occu
flght? pylng a large portion of the attention of
Reitz (with the same pleasant, self-con-
sclous, self-satisfied, and yet semiapolo
getlc smile) Well, I suppose not; but even
ho, what of that?
Myself Only this, that when that ttrug
gle takes place you and I will be on oppo
site sides; and what is more, the God who
was on the s de of the Transvaal In the
late war, because It had right on its side,
will be on the side of England, because he
must view with abhorrence any plotting
and scheming to overthrow her power and
position In South Africa, whlcn have been
ordained by him.
Reitz We'll see.
Thus the conversation ended, but during
the 17 years that have elapsed I have
watched the propaganda for the oerthrow
of British, power In South Africa being
ceaselessly spread by every passible means
the press, the pulpit, the platform, the
Thools, the colleger, the legislature until
't has culminated In the present wa"r, of
wh'ch Mr. Reitz and his coworkers are
he origin and the cause. Believe me, sir,
the day on which F. W. Reitz sat down to
oon his ultimatum to Great Britain was
fhe proudest and hapnlest moment of his
'Ife, and one which had for long years been
'ooked forward to by him with eager long
ing and expectation.
Hfi-and his coworkers haxe-lar yczre v ,
THE NEW YORK DENTISTS,
ever on the alert, watching
succeeded in building up a
city the size of Portland.
people who patronize the NEW YORK DENTISTS. They
'A practical case
CROWNS
always in attendance.
N. E.
plotted, worked, prepared for this war, and
the only matters in connection with it In
which they are disappointed are first, that
they would rather the war had come sev
eral years later, so that their anti-British
propaganda might more fully have per
meated the country; second, that they
would have liked to have declared war
against England at a time when she should
be involved in some great struggle with a
foreign power, instead of at a time when
she Is free to give all her attention to
South Africa.
It Is true that an active factor In bring
ing about this war has been the existence
of the gold fields of the rand; not, how
ever, as asserted, because England covets
them and has determined to seize tnem,
but because the wealth drained from them
has enabled the republics to become mili
tary powers of a strength far out of
proportion to their population, and thus
has led F W. Reitz & Co. to think
that their dream of a pan-Afrikander rej
public and the ousting of the British flag
may become a reality. Hence their dec
laration of war against England rather
than grant just political rights to the in
habitants whom that same wealth has led
to settle down in the Transvaal, and whose
presence and numbers, however useful to
the
tlon
Dutch republics towards the produc-
of wealth to be used for the setting
forward of their political aims, might, if
they became possessors of the franchise,
prove damaging to the success of the
scheme of the great pan-Afrtkander re
public. Although I have been obliged In
this record of an historic reminiscence to
mention the Afrikander bond, I do not
wish to be supposed to be attacking that
body as It exists in Cape Colony at the
present time, or to accuse It of backing
Mr. Reitz up In his declaration of wa.
against the British empire. Its leaders
claim that it and they are loyal to Eng
land. So be It! My object is to show that
not the British government bnt the repub
lics, led by Kruger, Reitz, Steyn and their
coworkers, have been steadily marching on
toward this war, and consciously plotting
for it ever since the "magnanimous" ret
rocession of the Transvaal by England,
and even before the Wltwatersrand gold
fields were discovered.
BETTER MILCH COWS.
Food Commissioner Bailey Tnttcs on
Oregon's Needs.
State Food Commissioner Bailey re
turned yesterday from a visit to various
Willamette -valloy points, where he had
been arranging for the meeting of the
State Dairy Association, at Albany, on the
12th and 13th of February. He thinks thl3 ,
will be one of the most interesting meet
ings the association ever held, as a num
ber of speakers, Tell Informed In dairy
matters, are to make addresses. Among
these are: Professor W. J. Spillman. of
the chair of dairy science. In the Wash
ington agricultural college, and F. D.
Culver, of Chicago, a man of large ac
quaintance with the dairy Industry of the
entire country.
Mr. Culver, who was at the Imperial
yesterday, thinks Oregon an ideal place to
run dairy farms In, as feed can be raised
with such little trouble and the climate
Is so mild and equable.
The breeding of cows and the establi3h-
the meeting. Mr. Bailey said yesterday
that a great dearth .of milch cows now
exists in Oregon, and that the stock must
be increased considerably before many
creameries, can be started. He thought
the milk of at least 500 cows should be
available for every creamery established;
though one Is shortly to be started at In
dependence, with the product of-150. A
central creamery In Portland - would be
a wise Idea, Mr. Bailey says, and the
milk can be brought-ar long distanct by
rail.
"Washington and Idaho," he said, "as
well as other points, have been draining
this state of its milch cows for some time,
and the high price paid for dry cows
by butchers has also tended to reduce the
state's supply of milk, butter and cheese.
We must proceed to Increase our stock
of milch cows In the Immediate future,
and the means by which this can be done
will be discussed at the meeting of the
association."
BUMJESS ITEMS.
If Baby Is Cutting Teeth,
Be ure and use that old and well-tried remedy
Mrs. Wlnslow's Soothing Syrup, for children
teething'. It soothes the child, softens the guns,
Allan. &U naln. mrw iclnrt rntlf ar, flfarrhrwa.
for a chance to improve, have
most wonderful practice, for a
But it is not alone the city
Full Set of Teeth $5.
Gold Crowns $5.00
Gold Fillings.... $1.00
Silver Fillings ' 50c
No charge for extracting
when teeth are ordered.
Aside from the specialists in bridge work, we have
specialists In plate work, who are world-renowned
men of superior intelligence, who have devoted their
whole lives to this work.
. Their reputations have been gained by years of
study and years of practice in all laxge cities, and
they will fit you when all others fall.
The following are among
the special branches of
which, we challenge COM
PETITION: GOLD CROWNS. GOLD BRIDGES,
(TEETH WITHOUT PLATES), GOLD FILLINGS,
PORCELAIN FILLINGS, PORCELAIN CROWNS,
PORCELAIN BRIDGES. TREATMENTS, EX
TRACTING TEETH WITHOUT PAIN. REGULAT
ING TEETH. AND FULL AND PARTIAL PLATES
MADE ON GOLD, ALUMINUM, ZYLONITE, WATTS
METAL, PORCELAIN AND RUBBER BASES.
The New York Dentists are equipped with all mod
ern conveniences and private operating-rooms lor
each patient. We lead all others.
Cor. Fourth and Morrison Sts.
MONEY FOR SALARIES
COST OF COIjIiECTIXG CUSTOMS REV
EXUE IX NORTHWEST.
Estimate Xor the Current Year as
Submitted to Congress by Sec
retary of Treasury
WASHINGTON. Jan. 22. The secretary
of the treasury recently submitted to con
gress an estimate of the appropriations
necessary for defraying the expenses of
collecting revenue for customs for tho
fiscal year ending June 30, 1901. The esti
mates for Oregon, Washington and Alas
ka, by districts, are as follows:
Oregon.
For the Port of Portland
One collector 5 3 573
One appraiser 30oo
One deputy collector"""""!,,".",,! 2' 300
' One deputy collector 1)500
Two examiners 2400
One weigher 1825
One clerk j'soq
One clerk , i'2oq
One clerk ! i'qqq
One assistant weigher. i460
Two assistant weighers... I'm.
One Inspector lAGQ
Seven inspectors 8342
One assistant weigher i,'o95
One opener and packer i 000
One janitor 720
One night Inspector. 1,277
Four night Inspectors 4,350
Five laborers 4,937
One storekeeper '900
Three laborers 2,955
Total 553,490
For the port of Astoria
One collector ....53,100
One deputy collector and clerk l.'goo
One deputy collector and Inspector.. 1,400
Two Inspectors 2,550
Three Inspectors 3532
Two boatmen q
Total 513,647
For the port of Coos bay
One collector $ 1,047
One deputy collector 600
Total .51,647
For the port of Yaqulna
One collector ? 1,013
One deputy collector. 13
Total .51,025
Total for Oregon 569,809
I Washington.
' For the Puget Sound district, Ptort
Townsend
One collector $ 4,623
One deputy collector and clerk 2500
Two deputy collectors and examiners 4.000
One assayer 1,825
One cashier 1,800
One tea examiner i,goo
One examiner and gauger 1 460
One deputy collector and inspector.. 1.4CO
One deputy collector and Inspector.. 1,277
One deputy collector and clerk 1,600
Two deputy collectors and clerks.... 3,000
One denuty collector and clerk 1,400
Three deputy collectors and clerks.. 3,832
Seven deputy collectors and clerks.. S,400
One depu'v collector and clerk 1200
Two deputy collectors and clerks.... 2000
One deputy collector and clerk 1 277
Five deputy collectors and clerks 547a
One clerk t. i.soo
Three clerks 3,600
One clerk 1 qoo
One Inspector 1)460
Two Inspectors 2550
S'xteen inspectors 17 520
Four night Inspectors 43so
Three night inspectors 3,285
One storekeeper 1200
One messenger 'sco
One laborer 720
Total 587,049
Alaska.
For the port of Sitka
One collector 5 4 000
One deputy collector 2I200
Five deputy collectors 9.000
Six deputy collectors 8,400
One deputy collector 1 200
One deputy collector (during sum- '
mer season) 400
Three deputy collectors (during nav
igation) 1,642
Five deputy collectors 5.475
Three deputy collectors 3.285
One stenographer and typewriter.... 1.200
One Inspector and clerk.... 1,200
One inspector 1,085
One deputy collector and inspector.. 1.50O
Total 540.597
The force at the port of Portland now
lacks the tea Inspector, tho ofllco which
has been dropped at the direction of the
secretary of the treasury, hence no est
mate la made for that.