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About The Oregon statesman. (Oregon City, O.T. [Or.]) 1851-1866 | View Entire Issue (Jan. 22, 1866)
Jit. THE OREGON STATESMAN 'UUI.ISIII! VIi '" The Oregon Printing ndPublUU lug Company. . W. C:KA7iir''""'"t MnnBKer, , u.imIIA Y MnltN I Mr llV ... A't In nilill. Six tlir.olliu I KHM1 Ulle year, - '...l T" fp" Uiimliuiiicva may 1,0 111 ol,r "' when mailed In the presence (if the poaimualer, U. OIBolai Paper for the Bute. ". THE STANDARD AMERICAN BILLIARD TABLES ANO COMBINATION CUSHIONS. MESSRS. VHKLAN fc COU.ENDEIi WOULD respectfully enll tlie uttoiitlim nfpennni wanting Uilllurii Tallies to tlie ureal, superiority nf tie Hlinve table, omnuliiiiureil exclusively attheir fl-tlfvllllsllinflll, At t he billiard Oiieress of 1W;3, cniupoacd of all tfhn ll phI.i'Iii,-, iilnvara nf Aflieril-U. it ft'HI liiiHIlilllOi: .! V resolved that labia of our manufacturo should ho used ut. nil matches for the Championship, iw the beet unH onlv reliable tahlea. Then llilliiird Tallies have received the unipmhll 'd approval of the beet players and aioat competent judg es, who have universally proiiniiiieed thetu uneqiialed for iteneral excellence mill durability. 8oven distinct patent for improvements In Billiard Tallinn have boon granted to n by the United Htutee 1'ateut Ollhie, und we have lately ohtained a iutent from the Krench Ooverumeut. for our improvouienle in Milliard Cushions. , , , We employ, in the construction of our tahlea, a variety of miiehiue specially made fur the purpose, bv means of which we are enabled to limine a mien ti'Hn and mechanical accuracy hitherto unknown in Milliard iniiiinfaoture. Hiivinn a long experience and thorough knowledge of all the iippliancaeof Billiarde. and constantly on baud a large atock ot the bust awl moat thoroughly euBOned material, we are prepared to furnish every thing required in the Billiard line with unprecedented dispatch. ' . The eminent Uilliurd l'layer, 51. Harbor, line pub lished the following opinion : "Now York, 2d Auitust, 181. On the eve of leaving the United Suites. 1 am hap py (o declare to all imuieurs of Billinnla that, after a tour of eleven month lhionih the pricipal citiee, I have been enahlod to lii'ltf" in a eiitieliwtnry manner of the superiority of the Uilliurd fables uiuiiafaetured by l'helau & Oolletider. The system of nmniifucture la ao aiiperior that I am happy to introduce their style of cuehion into Franco. They havo united to their manufacture of American Hillinr.i Tallies that nf the French Tablea, of remarkable excellence and beauty. For these reaaous, I am happy to malio tbia declara lion. ' BBKOKH, ('I.AUDIHH, i'rof.of llilliards, Paris." M.E. IIuohks, 730 Montgomery t., San Francisco, (Jul., is our ONLY authorized intent for the 1'acilic coaat, to whom all orders should he addressed. I'llliLAN & t!Ohl,ENl)r.lt. J. E. CLARK, APOTIIECAHIES' IIALI-, Denier in VVRK DRUGS & MEDICINES. Corner Stule und Lihcrlv strncn, opposite the now Hotel (formerly tlio .Mansion llousc), CONSTANTLY in receipt of Genuine PATENT Medicines direct from the maiuifartutera; Pure Chemicals, Fresh Herbs, KYKUIM anil TINCTUKKS of our own compound- UK, from ftnud uiuteriuls. All article wuriautedii Mlrength.frcih, and feemtinc. rartlrular Attention Olvfn to Preparing PHYSICIANS' PRESCRIPTIONS AND Family Medicines In a Neat, Accurate, and Expedition manner. Store Open All Hours, Day and Xlglit. ' E. CliAKlv. Chcmitt and Apothecary, Salem, Oct. 30, 1 Kt55. 3im3 mi wi mm nut JOHN W. GILBERT, DIALIta III Boots, Shoes, and Leather, SHOEMAKERS' TOOLS, & Finding of Every Oescriptiont UNION BLOCK, Commercial tlmt, S A h K 31, Ha on hand the largest and Best Selected Stock or BOOTS AND SHOES JjnER offered in Salem, consisting in part or ltKNKERT'S Dreaa, Quilled, and plain Double Sole Boots: . . . , , MEEKKB k I'ENDLETON S Stiifjle and Double- Sewed Book; , , , , . SKIIIKUI.Ii '113 Single and Double-Sowed Hoots i GODFREY'S MEN'S aud BOYS' Calf and Kip Boots and Shoee, from the best shops in New England Ladles', Misses'. Children's Boots, Shoes, und bailers, From Burl's, New York, and Mile & Soua, Kiius, Louk'8, and Seibcrlich's, Philadelphia. A Complete Stock or French and American Calf and Kip Skins; Liniinr. Ollk and Htmlork Sole leather; I.asta, Pexa.J'iireail, and Nails. Ho Iiiib, in eoiiueciion, the host maniifa turiii(f ahop in the Slate, und keeps ou hand and mukes to order Boot and Shoe, of every atyle and of the best mute rial. Ail work ot hi own manufacture ' five iialisfartion. Oct. !, I" Urantlfrth', VEGETABLE UNIVERSAL PILLS, I T is Keiierally known that my Crandrath'rwaa the nri(iual inventor of these nmiarkuble pills. , lit. n... a n;..;a num. and a meditnl nractltioner of the Old School. Hut Iii-couoiik alurioeil ut the inor Inlity that attended tho Uloeilinit aud Mineral Prac tice, he turned his attention to 'he si ndv of nut lire and the philosophy of disease, ns alo to the natural reme dial acents which be found to exist exclusively in the Vegetable Kinndoui. Ill hi itw-arehi-s and investi gations, he liecume I'nllv sali'li' d that the life was in the blood: that bv whatever name diaeuae were dis liiiKiiished, impurity of the hlood u the source of all a aimpie and truthful doctrine, which, in rodiiriuar nil disease to a nnit, necessarily eatublisheil the fact that all were to be treated vn the aame g-cneral prin ciple, via. by piiritation. Now tlie irrauil dillii-ulivcoii'isiod in devieiwr a veu elable compound that would invigorate, pnrify, and cleanse the blood, rorrect and regulate all the differ ent secretions, and hv puritntinil dischurirn the whole mass of morbid mailer from h,idy, wilhoat rednc init the slreintth. Alter thirty years of .-lose applica tion, lie considered hit obi'rt fully Heenipllahed in the priKluclion nl these pills, which have Bow heeu before the public One Hundred and Kourieen 1 ears, and it is now ixti0l nearly :l year since Or. Bran dreih'a Vegetable 'Universal Life Preservmif Pill were Hrat preer.u-d to the American public dunn which time their superior excellence und virtues have been extensively proclaimed by papers and pamphlets, aud a rapid yearly increaie of the aule of theot ef fected. ,., . ... To know what will aave life, to know what will reatore heahh, isa knnwlediie not to be bidden, I, thereioie.aa a man desirini! lo do my duty faiihfully, have dotted down ouie of my thirty. 8ve years' expe rience with liranilreth'a Pills, which are awisiant of nature, and cause the expnlsian of ae-. monioaa humor the occasion of every sickness. Let oa admit that eorru humor prevent tlie free circula tion of the blood, lhat llrandreth'a Hill take out tliese humors, giving health for puin, and treiifrib for weakness. No man is aick save when the principle of corrup tion jreis the ascendency: Brandreth's Pill aid the Life Principle to regain ihe empire by removitiir the corrupt humor from the body. Many a lime 1 have eeen life appareutly at the last ebb, when these Pill were Kiveu, and in a few hour the danger was past, ud healih Sood lide trave the patient renewed life and viitor. Many are the fathers, mother, aunt, and danhtera. thus saved. Tuese celel.rated Tills r composed wholly of aie dicinal herbs, and do not oontain auy mercury or other mineral, beinir perfectly harmless to the nioet teniler an or weakest frame: vet sure to (. arch out the cause of a.ckuess. and restore the health if taken accordiue; to the direction. Let no one imagine they re too w to bear the effect of these Pill, wliii h put no weeknes iot" the frame, but draw weakness ont. A few do will be (tet conNdenee. and then the beauties of purna'ion will gradually lieeome unloldcd to oor view, which, en forced with Ur.indreth'l Vegetable I'niveisal Pill, I ahle to cure every disease where the orifuu " ound, and irreatly increase the averaife of human life. I have now mmi ea say own nerMMi, and prepared and admwisiered. Brandreth P,, fnr thiriy five years I believe they are tlie best pnnrotiv 1" the world: and with thit medical quality tliey have also a tonic elT-et. And a I am of uo tirui opinion tlial inflammation end fever are mnsed by rorrupted blood aot beniK timely evacuated, because it nvuriti tale, so to tpeuk over the w'le hod v. and ihns cor rupts the tmud blood that should nourish all iiieaieoi b-rs. and actually destroys and paralyze members or nriraus that are uusouuu; a anew urn loese Pills have a direct effect I" remove all corrupt blood and arrimo-iiniis humors from the b alv in fart, all hnmora liel.iw the viLil ala'olurd of bewllh: so 1 should be (uilty of a irreat sin. did I mt do ail in my posrer to propagate the ose of a medicme which is possissi d of properties so ralrnUed to aave and increase Ihe avenue of human life. The public servant. . . IIKNJAMIX BttAXtiHrTI!. M D. Principsl mefnr llramlTih s Yevetahl Cniversal P.IU, BkANUKKliU Bl ILIilNt. New V.aHt. W. '. RHAnHKTII, 0"i,vat CRWE BIIIIIIIAM s. sn Franciam. Kor aule by all rreuble ilealert in niedii iues. ly M . I I.I...I.MI I - i " - ' VOL.15-NO. 47. Latest News by Steamer. WE take pleasure in announcing to our old patron and the public in (jeimral, lhat we have JUHT 11KCKIVED, Direct from Ihe Euat und Ran Fmnclaeo, The Largest and Best Assortment, FALL & WIN TER GOODS, conaiatiiift of tlie following articles i Gents' and Boys' Clothing, of the BEST and LATEST STVLKSi Dry Goods, Fancy Goods, Boots and Shoes, Hats and Caps, Groceries, Crockery, Glassware, &c, Unit bus ever been brought to this city, and alao that we ure offering tho auuie Cheaper than tho Cheapest. Call early and satisfy youroelf. All kinds of PKODUCK tuken in exchange, for which we will pay llie liixhem murket price. s. irm'c iiEix ; Saem,Sept. Jj.JW' mi New Firm, New Store) New Goods BROWN, COX & CO. "yHOLESAI.K AND ItCTAIL DKALEHS IN GROCERIES. PROVISIONS, Wine mul Lliuor, Wood and Willow Ware, Hardware, YANKEE NOTIONS, Tobacco, Citfurs, &c. Ac Center Store, New Brick Block, We have now on band, and nre now re- eoivini, the LAKUbM' and BEST S15 MCCTKD STOCK OV OOOIJ8 in our line ever offered THIS SIDE OF SAX FRASC1SCO! Which we propoae to exchaime at LOW KATES for Butter, EiiL'a, Bacon, Outa, Wheat, and Produce in Keiicruli Htid, rather than keep hooka, we will NOT 8EVU8B 0OL.U AND SILVEU. PleuM Call Hiid Kinminc our Stock of Tea & GriiidiftHUe, ;Pncket KiiivB Ai Coll'ee A; Nails, Starch, Rnnpa 4c rloiiPJ". Clollii-H liilf lifts k Pickl.-. Knpe & Tninitrind, Ciml Oil 4: Iloiioy. Ilnstetter'a Bitter 4c Olilllieiil. DyuStnfTe- & Farina. Meerschaum Pi' & Sujnr & Axi'e. Syrup Sc Hlno Vitriol, Suloriitiiii & Wash- Hoards, Cronm Tarlnr & llriMitns, Tolmccn Sc Cbtee. Ciiir & Corn Baskcls, Shovel & Nntiin-Bi. Citron & Wnsli Tnln, Spoil Raisin 4c Mouse Traps; Wuml l'ipe & flint. uict) 4c snltiit'lt'r. Uiiiili'cliniii'ry oc Salinoii 4; Wooilcn! Clnthi-a-Pin, Bowls, MuckiTuI 4c PomltT, MIXERS' OUTFITS IX FfLLl . In fact, eyeiythinif usually kept in a Hrnt-ClaM tirocery and rrovUlon btore I OOODS DKUVKHKI) To all parla of the city, FX EE OF CHARGE. Boii'i Fors;'t Hie Pisu-v: Oct. 2, INK. BKUW., COX, At CO. MARKETS. T.I. KEWJMX. J.T. tiaar. NEWMAN it CRUMP, Proprietors ot tlie " CITY on ! Commercial Street, and Ike "PEOPL E'i MARKET" on Stale Street, nEKKIIY announce to all iheir old friend aud eua lomera, and the public uenemllv, thai IheV have aeeured a very Inrue upily of' I'lUST-t I.ASS STOCK, und are now prepared to furniidi Butchered Meats at Wholesale, And also Ihe Very Choice! STEAKS. JtUASTS. CHOPS, e cony ED BEEP, SAUSAGES. o., AT IU.TAII.. bolbatlhrir market, mid ulao deliv ered fnon Iheir anon in uuv part of the city, at the Very Lowest Prices : While ere aball apurc no oaina to uleaae and iirrom. nindale our cualouier. we wiali them lo undernlaud thul, in view of Ihe low priiea at winch we aball aell, we unlet have our puy pmuiplly, and havo therefore eetahiialieil a rule, tlmt All Hill Must be Pnitl Weekly. Kalem.Oct. B-, W& M'" BELVIDERE SALOOX, AT THE OLD STAND ! w THEKK will nlivaya bo found the FINEST ItllANDS (.IF Mqt oits ad nuAits that the Market un"ird Alao. n line IlII.l.lAItD ItitOM.eouianiinir three Tables, one of whirh took the premium at the hut Meehaniea' Inatitnie Fair in California. I'LAMUMlON OKKKN. Salem, Oct. 2, lw. Ullf For Sale. A HOUSE and LOT, with irood barn.it- Apply to SMITH V. CAItTWHIOHT. Wanted for Cash, 4 FEW THOUSAND Bl'SHFXS HOOD fATS, t and a top or two of imed TIMOTHY rKEI. at nei MVKIts, illiiillKH. at CO. Dr. ff. B. S1M0XT0S, CIHAPrATE of the Pennsylvania Medlral Colleire T of Philadelphia, havinit'iieruiaueiilly hraled ni siii ray. respectfully lenders hie professional servicea to the ctlixena of Salem and in vicinity. Olliee and residenee at M r. Ilailey'a bouse, nearly opposite the Eureka Stable, Salem, Oregon. Uv M.aaiiH. oto n. caci. Hmilh At Clmnoe, Surgieal and Mechanical DENTISTS, Orfawold' Block, comer Commercial Slate atreet SALEM, OREGOX CF-All Oar Dental Work tuaranlrtd.J marl aolv To Wool KniMra. THI uielmlfn-l Smm Inforn Ida Fleet.. Haul", ot Of.j,.n th i,, h y.nw roB SALE a Bnel'rt ot THORot-iii.ait.-n uinn Rim. na li at Hit Fairs ot Ibe Orpfn sla Asra-ultaral Nirir, n.1 iiarllva lclert rr rrifuir r-rprrM to It. m-t,t. .n. .t u. unnak have uk i Oi ralraot Ibe Orpvan I.,.. . -i-..!,.l ft..,-,. 1 fruiefc proef at Uk rbaraeirr at is. a.k tr-, whicti j uicjartDrru- jtiii ati.iu. Brewer nf M.rinn ti..u. P'im.iua'i H it, 4H aillnanuUi ot Salem, ea th rtare rnait, F.8. Karli aluial evranlvil lo bre.1 rrpatiilH. I'nriN lor !lr. " fi THE Uloierwiilanl rid. ra f .r ui a line FAKU &uf 3.liaerea, ' acre in euliivutioa. ixood orrherd, dweliiiiy hooa. and outtinildioira, situated in Clarka mas eoonlv. llrefoo. near Holte ereek. no tlie rnad Iroia Siyerl t tlreiroo Illy. Aoilre" nr.sKl Ma.NXIXU. rH. Uua.Marioiic.V,(X. H--mJi4 ) MARBLE WORK. A.J. MONROE. DKALKII in rslifnroia Veniionl, and luilian .HARBI.r.l. lonauifnli.Obfliiki, UtaJ aud Foot Slonn, HALEX, OKEiiO.V. Also, Muollea and. Furnit ure Marble famial ed lo otder. ,Toi''kI SALIf, Mt (Orckit statesman. TIIK PBESlDEXt'S JIESSAGE. Fellow citizen! of tht Senate and House of ttcpeifntalivet ! Tncxprea latltmlt- tnGnit, in lilt' inline of the people, fur tliu preacrvatinn nf tho United State, i my fiiat duty in nd dreeainp ymi. Our thnn;ht next revert tn tho death of the. late President by an nut nf parri cidal traienn. The (rrief nf the nation i etill I'rt'tli ; it find pihiui lolnoe in the ouiieiilcriition that he lived to enjoy tho higlicist proof nf hi cnnfinVnci'. hy entering uu the renewed term of the Chief Magistracy, tn which he hail been eleoti d ; that he brought the civil war tuhatnn lially tn a chmet tint hi In win deplored in all parti nf the Union, nml that fnreifrn nation liave rendered julico tn hi memory. Hi re moval caat n pou inn a heavier weight nf care thnn ever devolved upon any one of hi preile ceRHnid. Tn fulfill my trust, I need the up pnrt and confidence of all w ho are natinoiated with mo in the variou department of govern ment, and the uppnrt and ennfidertee nf the people. There ia but one way in which I can unpe to gain their neceary aid ; it ia. tn atato with frnnltneai the principle which tiiity guide my conduct, and their application tn the pre, ent tnt nf alt'airi, well aware that tlioclli cieticy of my lalmr will, in a great meamtre, depend on your and their undivided approba tion. , . .. . . , . "ONB AND INHEI'AHADLG." The Union nf the United State wni intoiid ed by ils nutlior to lat a long ne tlio Stitte Iheniaelveii fliull luat. "The Union "hall h perpetual " are the wurila nf the confederation, " To Inrin a morn perfect Union." by an nrdi nance of the people of the United Stiitei, ) the declared ourpose nf the Conatitutiiin. The hand of Uiviuu Prnviilence wit never more plainly rieihle in llie n Hairs nf men thnn in llie framing nml the adoption of that instrument. . It. ia. beyi nd ci iiipariaoil, the greateet event in American history ; and Meed ia it not, nf nil event in modern (hues, tho incut pregnnnt with conaeqiienoei for every peop! of tlio earth? The member of the convention which pre pared it brought tn their work tho experience of the Confederation of their several StatM, and of other republican government, did and new j but I bey needed and they nbtaiued n wisdom superior tn experience. Ami when, for it vnlitiiiy. it required the approval of a people lltnt ooenpied a large part of a conti nent, and ucled repnrately in ninny distinct convention, what is more wonderful tlnui that, after earnest contention and long discussion, all feeling Him all npininns wero ultimately drawn in one way tn ila support ? l'OWKIt TO PIlESKltVB TUB UNION. The Constitution tn which life was thus im parted cntitniiiH within itself uniplo resources for its own preservation. It bus pnuertn en force the laws, punish treason, nml insuru do. inestic tranquility. In casn nf the usurpation of llio Government of a htuto by one man, or an oligarchy, it becomes the duty of the United Suites to miilio good tho guarantee In that State nf n republican form nf government, and so to maintain llju honiugenenusnes nf iill. Doe the lapse of time revenl defect? A simple mode of amendment is provided in the Constitution itself, so Hint it condition can nlwnvs be iiinde locniiliirui to the requirement of advancing civilization. No room is allowed even lor the thought of a possibility of it coin ing to an end. And tliese powers of elf iire- servntion have alway been asserted in their complete integrity by every patriotic Chief .Magistrate- liy Jellersnn and Jackson, not less Hum bv Washington and Madieun. The part- ' ing advice of the Father of hi Country, while ! yet President, to the people! nf Ihe United i Slates, was, lhat the free Constitution, which Ibu work nl their hand, might be sacredly uiniulniiied ;" and the inaugural words of Pres ident Jellersnn held up " tile preservation of the General (jeiveriiuient, in it enusti'utional. vigor, as llie sheet-anchor of our peace at home and safely ahnmil." The Constitution is Hie work of ihe ' people uf llie United State," and it slum Id be as indestructible as ihe people, NO llANOtlt IIF CENTRALIZATION. It is not strange that the f miners of the Con stitution, which had no mmli-l iu the past. should not have comprehended the cicellenct) of Iheir own work. Fresh from a struggle against arbitrary power, many patriots suffered Irotii linritssini; fear of an ubsorplion of tho Slnle Government by the General Govern ment, and many Iriiui a dread that the Stole would break away from their orbits. Hut tlio very greatness of our country should alloy the apprehension of encroachments by the General Government. 'I he suhjeui Unit come unques tionably within its jurisdiction nre so numerou tlmt it must ever naturally refuse to be embar rassed by questions tlmt liu beyond it. Went it otherwise, the Kxeculiie would sink benenlll. (he burden ; tlie channels nf justice would be ihoked ; legislation would he (instructed by I cess ; to lliut there is greater temptation to ex ercise some of the (unctions ail llie General Goveriiinenttbroiigli ihe Stale than to trespas on Iheir rightful sphere. The absolute ac quiescence in Ihe decision! of the uinjorily " una, nt the beginning ot llie century, enlorced liy Jefferson a "the vital principle of repub lics," and the events of the last four years have established, wo will hope forever, that there liea no appeal lo force. ISTATK INFKItlOKITV. The maintenance nf the Union bring Willi it the mpport of the State Ooverments in till "eir riglil ; nut it I not olio ol llie right of any Stale Government to renounce ns place in ; the Uuion, or to niillily (be laws of the Union. 1 lie largest liberty is tn be maintained in the disvussiou of Ihe acts of the Federal Govern ment ; but there is no appeal from it laws, ex cept to tho variou brauchea of that Govern uient itself, or tn the people, w bo grant tn the member of the Legislature add ol the Execu tive department no tenure but a limited one, aud iu that maimer always retain Ihe power nf redress. " Tho nvereiguty of Ihe Slate" ia the lautUiige of lliu Couleuerucy, and nut the language ol the Cuiislituliuu. The latter con tuius llie emphatic words: TboC'mittiluliiin, aud the luw uf the United State which shall bo Hindu in pursuance thereof, and ill treaties inude or which sli u 11 be made uuder the au thority nl the Unlet. Male, shall be Ihe pieiiie law of the luud , and the judge in ev ery Stule shall he bound thereby, anything in the constitution or law uf auy Slate tn the con ttury uotw itbsinuuiDg." " KQL'AL IIIOHT." Certainly lh Government nf Ihe United Mate i a limited Government, and u is every State Government a bunted Government. With u. this idea of llintlatit.il spreads through every form uf idniliiistrutiiin. general, slate and municipal, and rests on Ihe great distin guishing principle of the recognition of llie tights ol n, an. The ancient republics absorbed the individual in the Mate, prescribed lit! re ligion, aud controlled hi activity. The Amer ican system rest no the assertmu of lh equal ne it ol every luaii to lile. liberty, ind llie iiur a 4 . - 1 suit ol bapiniiesa; to freedom ol conscience, to llie culture and fletclae of all hi faculties. A eonsetiueiiue, Ihe Mate Government la limit. ed, a lo the General Government in the inter rat of Union, as to the Individual citizen iu tl'e Interest of Ireedoiu, tuurtiiAiiox. Slles. with proper liiuilaliou of power, nie reuliul lo tlie elittellce ol the Coualllullotl ol Ibe United Malea. At il, r 11111.1,1,,. nuti wueI1 He ,ulUl.j h , ,ce ,,, I8 power 01 me eartu, llie lH-clraliuii ol lutle peodelice ko adopted bv Stale! mi alao w.-r., the Article of Confedetatiuti ( and heu tho people ol Ihe United Mutes " nidained and es tablished the Coiistitiiii t Has the nwul of the .Mate, oue by one, Hut gave il vitality. t, the event, too. ol nuy auuudiueul lo the t on. tltutioii, the pi"p".llioii uf (. oijjjie.f lie. ds too Cunftnualinu of Males. U illi,ul Main, 1,1, u OREGON, 3I()NDAY, JANUARY '22. 18CC. great hriinob of llm legislntive goviirinnont would be wanting. And if w o look beyond the letter of Ibe Constitution In the oliniacter nf our countrv. it oapacitr for comprehending within its jurisdiction a vast empint is due to the system nf Mutes. The best security for tho perpetual existence of the Mate is the "su preme authority " nf the. Constitution of the United Stales. The perietnitv of ill" Consti tution bring with it the perpetuity of the States: their mutcnl relation muke ns what ne are. and in our political system their connexion li indissoluble. The whole can not exist without the parts, nor the part n il bout the whole, 80 long as the Constitution of.tln. United Mate endure, the State will enflnrej Ihe destruc tion nf the one is the (lest ruction nf the other : the preservation of the one i tlm preservation of tho other. J . I have thus explained niv view of tint mu tual relations nl the Constitution and the State, hecanse they unfold the principles on which I have sought to solve the inutnentou question and overcome the nppullinfdifiiciilties that met m at the very coniinenccticnt nf my adminis tration. It bus been my steadfast object tn es cape from the swuy nf momentary possums. nnd to derive a healing policy ftoni the fundamen mental and unchanging principles of the Con stitution. i( MILITARY OOVBINMBNT. I found the States suffering from the effect of a civil war. liesistnnce to the Geiiernl Gov ernment appeared In have) exhausted itself. Tlin IJnitul States had recovered possession of their forte nnd niseuiils. and their armies were in occupation of every Statit which had at tempted to accede. Whether the territory with in I ho limit uf those State should he held a conquered territory, under military authority emuualing from the 'resident a the head uf Ihe iiriuy, was tlio lirst question that hnd pre sented itself for decision. Nmv, military gov ernments, established for an indeliiiile period would have offered no security lor the early uppre?inn of discontent ; would have divided the people into the vanquishers and the van quished ; and would Imvo envenomed hatred, rather than have restored tillection. Once es tablished, no precise limit tn their centiiinnuco was ennccirnble. They wnuld have nceusioncd nn iucalciilatiiig nml exhausting expense. Peaceful emigration to nnd from tlmt portion of the country is one nf Ihe lu st mean that can iic thought of fur llie restoration of harmo ny; and That emigration wuuld have been pro vented ; for what emigrant from abroad, what industrious citi.."U lit linnie, nuiilil plncu biin self willingly under Military rule! The chiel persons wlio wnuld have I'dlowed in the train nf the army would huvo been dependenta on the General Government, nr men who expected profit from the miseries nf iheir erring follow citizens. The powers of patronage und the rule which wuuld havo been exercised, under the President, over a vast and populous and naturally wealthy region, are greater than, un less under extreme necessity, 1 should be wil ling to entrust In any nne man lliey are such ns, for myself, I could never, unless uu occa sions nf great emergency, ennsent to exercise. The willful, use of such powers, if coiinniied through a course of years, would have endiin gered the purity nf llie general adiiiiuislrntion and the liberties of the Mute which remained loyal. ' STATU Bl'll.'IDK. Heside, the policy of military rule. over a conquered territory would have implied Ibul ihe Mate whose iiihiibiiiint may have tiilien part in' the K'iiellimi hnd, by the act of those inliiihitnnta, censed In exist, lint the true the nry is, that all acts of secession were, from the beginning, null and void. The Slates cannot commit ticiiaoii. nor screen llm individual citi zen tvhn may have comtniltrd treiison, any more thnn they 0.111 make vnlid irenlies or en gage in Inn fnl commerce with any foreign pow er. The Slate attempting to secede placed themselves iu a condition where their vitality was impaired, but not extinguished their f unctions suspended, but lint destroyed. 1'ltUVISlllNAI, flOVKKNMKST. Hut if any Stale neglect or refuse lo per. form its offices, there is tlie more need that the General Government should maintain nil its authority, and. as soon a praclica.du. resume all it functions. On this principle I have net. ed. and have gradually nml quietly, anil by al most imperceptible step, sought to restore the rightful energy nf llie General Government ai (I of the Stales. To Hint end. Provisional Gov ernors have been np pointed lor Ihe Stales, coll veiiliuus called, Governor elected. Legisla ture! assembled, and Senator ami Itcprcaciit ntivea chosen In llie Congreas of tho United States, At llie same lime, tint Courts uf Ibe United Slates, so far as could ho done, have been reopened, so that the laws of llie I'll lied Stule may be enforced through lluir agency. The lilockude h.ia been removed nod Ihe cos loin houses re esliililiabed in port ol eniry. o lint Ihe revenue of the United Stale may be collected. The post olliee department renew its censeless activity, and Hut General Govern ment ia thereby enabled promptly tn commiini cute w ith it ollicer and agent, The conn being tecnniy to perron and property i Ibe opening nf llie ports invite Ihe re.ioralion nf industry nnd commerce the post olliee renews Ihe facilities nf sociol intercourse anil busbies And is it not happy for lis all dial the rest or a lion of each one ol these lunctioiis ol ihe Gen eral Government brings Willi it a blearing lo the Stales over wliieh tbev are extended f I it not a sure promise of harmony and renewed attachment In the Union Ibiit. lifter all Hint bus happened, the return of Ibe General Govern ment is knuttn only n a beuilicenre ! I'AtllioNS. I know very well that Ibis policy is attended with some risk ; Hint fur il success it require at least Ibe ncquiescenco of the State which it concern ; that il implies an invitation lo those Slate, by renewing their nllefiimce lo the United Stale. In resume their function a Stale of llie Union. Hut it i a risk that must he taken ; in the choice of difficulties, it is Ihe smallest risk ; and to diminish and, if possible, remove all danger. I havo felt it incumbent on ine Iu assert one other power of Ihe General Government the power of pardon. A no Slalu can throw a defeoso ovei Ibe crime of treason. Ihn power uf pardon is exclusively veiled ill Ihe Executive Goverritneut nf the United Slates. In exercising lhat power, I bnve laketi everv precaution lo connect it with the clearest recognition nf lb binding force of the laws of u,e law of the Lnitnl Stale, and an unqualified scknowleiliiient uf llie great so cial change of condition III regard In slavery which has grown nut nf llie war. TUB ANTI BLAVRRr AMF.XDMKXT. Tlio next step which I have taken lo leslnre the constitutional relation uf the Stale, has been nn invitath n In llieui tn participate) iu Ibe high office of amending the Cnnslilntinn, Kv cry patriot must wish lor a general amnesty at the earliest epoch cousiateiit Wl'h public safely. For Ihi great end there is need nf a concur rence of all opinions and the spirit nf mutual conciliation. All par tie in Ihe lulu terrible conllici unlet woik together iu harmony. It is tint too much to ask, in Ibe naiue of ihe who e people, that, on llie one ide, Ihe plan of re. total 1011 shall proe-ed in conformity with a willingnee lo cast the disorder nf the pt iu to oblivion j aud thai, oil Ihe ether. Hie evi dence nf sincerity in Ilia maintenance nf Ihe Union shall be put beyond any doubt by the ratification id llie ptopneed amendment to the Constitution, which provide lor the abolition of elavety forever within the limit nf ear coun try. So long a the adoption i, tlite amend ment i delated, hi long Kill doubt nnd jeal ..ny ami uieerlallily pretsil. 1 lata is Ibe ini nre which Will efface the memory of Ibe Pt ; tbia I Ihe measnre which will most cer lainlr call papulation ami capital and eoority In I h." part" nf Ihe Union lhat nerd them mmt. Indeed, it I Hot too niucll to ask "I Ihe Mute which are row rrsmnin; Iheir olaee in Ihe family of the Union lo give Ihi pledge of perpetual loyalty and pence, Until I Is dune, however much we may desire It, will not be forgotten. Tlio adoption uf the amendment reunite ns beyond nil power nf disruption, It heal tho wound that is still imperfectly closed ; it removes slavery. Ihe element which ha so long perplexed nnd divided the couutry ; it nniKes ot us nnee mure a united people, re newed nnd strengthened, hound uinro than ever In mutual affeotlnn and support. ' The amendment tn the Constitution lying auopteii, it wniiia remain tor tlio Males, whose powers have bneu so long in abeyance, to ro iime their plnoe in the two brunche nf the Nnlionnl Legislature, and thereby complete the work" of restoration. Here it l for you, fellow citizen nf the Semite, and fnr ynu, fellow-cili-zen nf tho Ifnnso nf Hepri'senlnlives, to judge, ench nf ynn, fnr yourselves, of the elections, return and qualifications nf your own mem bers. ... COURTS ANI1 TKIAI.8 FOIt TUKA80N. Tho full assertion of tho power nf the Gen eral Gnvernment require tlm holding nf Cir cuit Cnurl nf the United State within the dis trict whero Iheir authority ha been Interrupt ed. In the present, pnsttire nf our public nll'airs strong nhjeotion have been urged In holding thee court iu any nf Ibe Stnte where the re hellion ha existed : and it wa ascertained hy inquiry that the Circuit Court of the United Ktute would not be held within tho district nf Virginia during the autumn or early winter, nor until Congress should .have "an opportu nity to consio'ur and act on the whole subject," Tn your deliberation tlm restoration nf this branch of the civil authority- of tlio United State is therefore necessarily referred, with the hope that an early provision will bo made for the resumption of all ils function. It is manifest, tlmt treason, must fiagrunt'iti charna ter, ha been committed. Persnns who are charged will) it commission should Imvo fair and impartial trial in the higher! civil tribu nals nf tho country, in tinier that Ihe Cnnslitn tioii aud the law may be I ally vindicated ; the truth clearly established nml nllirmed lhat treason is n crini", tlmt traitors slinuld bu pun. islietl, und the offence made infamous; and, at the same lime, Hint the question may be jndi dally settled, fiunlly nnd forever, that. 110 State uf it ntvn will has a riglil In renoiinco it place in the Union, TIIK l'RKKDUKX. Tlio relations nf Hie General Gnvernment ton arils Hie four million uf inhabitant w hom lliu war has called into freedom, have engnged my most serious consideration. On the urn priety nf nttcinptiiig In imike tlie freedinen electors by the proclamation nf the Executive. I took for my counsel Hie Cnnlilntlnn itelf, the interprelatatinn nf Hint instrument by it authors and their contemporaries, and recent legislation by Congre.is. When, ut the first movement towards iiiilem iidciice. the Congress uf the United Stales insli noted llie several States lo institute Governments nf their own, lliey left ench Slate to decide fur itself tho con ditions fir the enjoyment of lh elective fran chise. During the period uf Ihe Cnulederiicy, there continued In exist a very great diversity iu the iiialllienti"in of electors in the sevotal Slate; ami even within a Suite 11 distinction nf qualifications prevailed wilh regard In the officer who were In be chosen. The Ciinslilu. tint! of the United Mate recognizes these t'i versilies when it enjoins that, ill the choice nf members nf ihe House of Ifcprcaculnlivcs uf the United State. the eh-clois ill inch Slate shall havo llie qualifications requisite lor elect ors 'of llio most numerous branch nf the State Legislnture." At the formal ion of the Conaii lulioii it remained, ns before, tlie uniform usae for ench Slate to enlarge Hie body of its elect 01s according In It own judgment: and niuler this system one Slate alter another bus pro ceeded tn increase Hie number nf its elector, mill now uiiiveiwil suffrage, or oiuclliing very near it. is the general rule. Sn lixed was Ihi reservation in Ihe bunds nf Ibe people, iind-so unquestioned hy been the interpretation nf llie Consiitiilioii, Unit during llie civil war the late President never harbored the purpose 0,1 r luinly never avowed Hie purpose of disregard ing it ; mid iu the utile nf Congress during that period nothing can be found which, during the continuance of humilities, much less after Iheir clnse. would have sanctioned any departure nf the Executive Iriiui 11 policy which ha so uni. fnrnilv obtained. Murenv'er. a concession of li e elective frnnuhise In the freedinen. bv act of Ihe President of Hie United Stnte, 'must have I n extended tn all colored men wberev. er fnniiil, und so must have estiiblislied a change nf nillrugo in Hie northern, western uutl mid dle States, not less than ill Ibe southern and souiliwcsleru. Such an act would have created a ncv? clas of voter, and would have been uu assumption of power by Hie President which nothing in the ('nnstiluti rlawsoftlie United Stale would have warranted. HIIAIX XKlilUIHH vote 1 On Ihe other hand, every danger nf coulliel is avoided wl.ru the settlement ol llie question is reierren to llie several Mule, l liey call, each for ilsell, decide on tin. men. ore, and whelber it is In he ndopied at mice and uhsit. lately, or introduced gradually and wilh (unite li -ns. In my judgment, llie'freedin if (bey show patience ami manly virtues, will sooner obtain 11 participation iu the elective franchise through Hie Stale Ihan through the General Government, even if 11 bad power In intervene. When the tumult ni emotion that hnvu been raised by the suddenness of tin- social change shall liiit'i. subsided, it mny prove Hint they will receive Ihe kindliest nsnge from some nf those nn whom lliey lierelolnrc must closely de pended. ' , ro.MillLNH Ml liltiHT TO EXACT IT. Dot while 1 have 110 doubt that now. after the close of the war. it ia not competent for Hie General Government In extend llie elective franchise in Ihe several Stales, it i equally clear that good laith require the wourily ol Hi freedinen in their liberty ffhd Iheir property, iheir right In labor and Iheir right In claim Ibe just reward nf their labor. I cannot ton strong. ly urge 11 dispassionate treatment nf Ihi sub ject, which should ho carefully kepi aloof front all parly strile. We must equally amid hasty assumptions of any natural impossibility for Ibe two meet lo live side hv side, ill a state nf mu tual benefit and good will. The experiment involves us in on iucniisislenoy let m then gn ou and make lhat eipetiiueut in pond luith. nnd not he dm eaaily disheartened. Tlie coun try ia in need nf Iniior, and the freedinen ate need of employment, culture and protection. While Hie right nl voluntary migration and ex pntsialiou is not Iu he quealloned. I would Out advise Iheir forced removal and cnloniiulmu. Let n rather encourage them tn honorable and useful industry, where it may bo beneficial In themselves and lo Ihe country ; and, instead nf hasty anticipation nf the certainly nf lailure. let there he nothing wauling In ihe fair trial uf the i xdertuieiil. The change in their eondi lion is Hie snhstiintion nf lal or hy contract for the statu uf slavery. The freedinen cannot fairly be accused nf nunilliiignesi In work, long as a doubt remain about hi freedom nf choice in his pursuits, and the certainly or bis recovering hi stipulated wage. Iu this Hie interrst of the employer and employed coin utile. The employer doire in Ins workmen spirit and alacrity, and these can bo perma nently secured in no other way. And if Ihe one ought lo be able Iu enforce ihe contract. n ought the oilier. I he public, interest will he beat pmiuoled if the sevrinl Slates will provide adequate protecllou and remedies fur Hie freed men, I'niil Ibis is in some way accomplishi-d. there 1 110 chanee fi r the adrantngeou use of their labor, and tbn blsine nf ill succes will ant reft on llmni. TIJIK TIIK a'd.VF.NT. I know thai .Ulcere philanthropy la earnest for the immediate realization nf lis retmiie.t aim ; hat tune is alway an element in reform. Il is one of Ibe greatest act nn record lo have bronijlit fonr million, of pcopln inio freedom. The tareer nf fnu iudnaiiy must bo fairly WHOLE NO. 773. opened tn them ; and then their future prosper ity and condition must, isfter all, rest mainly nil themselves. If lliey fail, and so perish away, lot ns be oarefnl Hint the fuilitre) shall not be attributable to any denial nf justice.' In all that relate tn the destiny nf freedinen. wo need not bu loo noxious to rend the future ; many In cident which from a speculative pnint nf view, might raise alarm, will quietly settle them selves. , . . ' . TMR DKHTHIIUTIVH l'OWKIt OP Ht.AVF.RY..' Now Hint slavery la nt an end, nr near Its end, the greatnes of it evil, in tho point nf view nl public ecniinniy, become more and more apparent. Slavery was essentially a mo nopoly of labor, and a such locked tlm Stale where it prevailed again! the incoming nl free industry. Where labor wa the property nf tun capitalist, the white man wn excluded from employment, or had but the second best clinuce of finding H 1 nnd the foreign emigrant turned away Iroin llm reginn where his condi tion would be sn precarious. With the destruc tion nf the monopoly, free labor will hasten from all part ol tbn civilized world tn assist in developing various and immeasurable resources which have hitherto lain dormant.' -The eight or nine State nearest the Gulf nf Mexioo hare a toil of exhuherant fertility, n climate friendly tn long life, and can sustain a denser popula tion than i found a yet in nnv part of our country 1 and the future inrlui of population to them wiil be mainly from the North, or froitfl tho most cultivated nations of Kurnpe. ' Frnnf Ihe suffering that have attended them during our late struggle, lei us look nwnr tn the future, which is sure tn Iih laden for llieni Willi greater prosperity than ha ever helhro been known. The removal nf Hie monopoly of slaw labor ia a pledge that thoaa region will be peopled by a nuiuernuf and enterprising population, which win vie witn any in the union in cnmpttotiies. Inventive getiius, wealth ami industry. ' 1 X MOXOPOLIKK. 1 1 I Our Gnvernment spring from and was made for-tho people not Ihe people for the Govern ment. Tn them il mve allegiance from them it must derive ils courage, strength aiid wisdom. But w liilo llm Gnvernmeiit i tliui hound In de. for lo Ihe people, from whom If. derive it ex istence, it should, from tho very consideration nf its origin, be strung iu il power nf resist -unco In Hie t'Sluhlishuient nl inequalities. ' Mo nopolies, perpetuities nml clns legislation are contrary In tho genin nf free Government, and ought not In bo allowed.. Here Ihera is nn roniu for favored classes or monopolies; the principle of our Government I that of equal law and freedom nf industry. Wherever mo nopoly nltains a foothold, it i sure. In be a source nf danger, discord and trouble. We bnll bnl fulfill our ilulie n legislator by no cording " equal and exact jnslioe lo all men," pecial privilege to ininn. The Gnvernment is subordinate In the people : but no tbn agent und representative nt Hie people, it must be held superior to monopolies, which. In them selves, ought never to bo granted, and which, where they exist, ninst tie suluirdinute und yield to the Guvmiiiiieiit. : . i . i,i l WAHNING TO KKW JtlliKKY. I ' The Conatitntioii confer 011 Congress- Hie right lo regulate commerce nmuiig Ihe several .Slnle. It is nf the first necessity inr the main. lenance nf the Union that that commerce should bu free and nniibstruoled. - Nn Stale can lie justified iu any douce lo tax llie transit nf travel nnd commerce between Hie finite' The position of many Slate is snch that, if they were allowed tn take advantage nf It fnr pur puses of local revenue, the commerce be luccll Slate might be injiirinnsly burdened, il even virtually prohibited, It ia best, while Hie country is still young, and while the ten dency to dungcrnu monopolies of this kind is till feeble, tn use the pnwer of Cougres sn as lo prevent any elfish impediment lo the free circulation nf men nnd inerobntidim. A lax nu travel and merchandise, in Iheir transit, constitutes one nf the worst form of monopoly, and the evil is increased1 if coupled with I de ninl of llie clinics of route. When the vast extent nf our country Is considered, II. fa plain Hint every nliBliiclx In llio free circulation of commerce between llio Stale ought In be stonily guarded against by appropriate legisla linn, nil Inn the limit of ihe Constitution. ' DKI'AKTMKNT fir THK 1XTHHIOHI' The report ol llio Secretary nf tha Interior explain the condition nf the public lauds, Ihe tninsnclinn of the Patent Olline and the Pen inn Hiirean, Ibu management of our Indian uli.iirs, the prngresa made in the nnnstrncllon nf tint Pacific liiiilrnad. and furnishes Informa tion in reference tn local mailer In the District nf Columbia. It also present evidence nf the successful operation ol the Homestead Act, nu tier the provision nf which l.lliO.KU acre uf Hie public laud were entered during the last gseal year more than one fourth nf the whole number nf acre sold or otherwise tlisuosed of during that period. Il is climated Hint the receipt derived from this source, nre rutllcletit to cover Ihe expense Incident In Hie surrey and disposal ol the luud entered under Ihi act, unit Hint payment in cash to Hie extent of from lorty in lilty per cent, w ill be made hy settlers, who may Ihn at auy time acquire title before Ibe expiration uf Hie period at which it would olhervvi.e vest. Tlie home. tend policy wn established jmly alter Im g and earnest re sistance 1 experience prove ils wisdom. The lauds in the hand, ol industrious settler, whose labor create wen I ill and contribute In the public resource, are worth more In Ihe United Stales llinn if lliey had been reserved a n sol itude for Inhere purchaser. The lameiitiible events nf Hie la-l four year, add the sacrifice made by Hie gullunt men nf nur army and navy, bare swelled Hie record uf Ihe Pension Itilreou In an unprecedented ex tent. Ou Ihe ,'Klib day of Jnne last, Hie total number of pensions was H5.IMH, requiring fnr Iheir annual pay. exclusive of expenses, Ibe sum of (8,IW,'I.44.. The number id applica tion that have been allowed since that date will require a large Increase of Ibis nnmnut fur Hip next fiscal year. The menu lor Ihe pay ment nf the stipend due, under existing laws, In our disabled soldier and sailors, and In Ihe families of snch as have perished in Hie service nf Ibe country, will no doubt fie cheerfully ami promptly granted. A grateful people will not besitnln In sanction any nien.nrc having for their object the relief id soldier mutilated, and families made laiherlcs, iu the rifntls In pre. serve our national existence. PlihT IlKs'll'K Kt.PAIt l IIKVI . The reeirt of tbn postniaeler General pre cut an encouraging exhibit of the operation! ol Ibe l ost Ofbcc Department duilug lliu J'ear. The revenue of Hie pnat year Iroin llie oyal Stalee alone exceeded Hie maximum an nual receipt from all lliu Slnle pret ioua lo Ihe rebellion, iu the sum nf 4(i.(t:W.0l) ami Hie annual average increase ol revenue during Ihe In.t four year, compared Willi Ibe rey. line nf Ihn four year Immediately prccjed.lig Hie rebellion, was t.'l.jJ.).H.i. The rayena.-a nf Ihe leal li.col fear uiuoonled In 6l4.,Vlt,. l.VI. nnd lint e.xpendilnr.- In .'l.lill4.7'Jrl. lenving a snrplu of receipt nvi r e xpeodiinrvi nf ?riI.I.MJ. 1 'log use ha been made in re storing the postal serviuoiu the Southern Stale. Tliu view presented by III i'nslln-tt-r General agniiist the policy ol granting euhsiiliee n vceeiti mail steamship hues upuu e.lallli.bed lollies, and ill fvor ol noiiliuiilug Ihe prevent system, which limit the couipen sallon for is r.iu service to the piulag earn, ing". nre lecoiinnelided to llie caielul cuiiakle. ration of Cougres. KAVV lll.PAklMKM. It nppear Iroin the report of Hie Mccreary nf the Navy, lhat while, at the commencement 1 nf the pierent year, there Were in uoinunssioa 330 Vessel of all classes and lb sonpiinn, armed with 3.000 gam and manned by ol.lHfl men i the numlier ol veasele at present in com mission I 1 17. wilh KM) gnu aud Vi.l'lt) men. liy tin prompt redooibm of Ibe navil fmoe the rxpetiM' of the Government hat been largely diminished, and a nnmhel nl vessels. BOOK A'VOfOK I'HITlt!, KXMWM i TN Kf A SI) 1'miMirrxuw. l f..r Ht ii6i.'mHfAjr'it)Mrtlfin., , , . . ' f AilWwfl.Hii, (fhuu nut (mill In imUbiicc, will th; vlinririfil twclityrfKV jx-r cuut, mltllii'innr, to covr tli oont of ctlltjcllori ' .' 1 ' -' tff A HlSfnl Hi-dullijii frtiii llie uliv rnlri ivIJI lieuiad In favor if llirtf- who tlvrrrUiP i.y (lie fintirlur. , , . purchased for pavnl purposes from the merchant mnrine, havo been returned In the peaceful pursuit nf commerce. Since the suppression1 of active hostilities nnr foreign squndrons have been re-established, nn.l e,.n.,.r ,,r . o.l. ; much more eflioenl than thnsii employed nrf m" "'' eimiiur service previous to tliu rebellion. The - nggestimr fnr the enlargement of the navy yard, and especially fnr the establishment of mm in fresh water for Iron clad teasels; it de serving nf onni 'oration, la also the recotu- liieiulatinti Inr l diltercnt IncatitW and mora' ' mnple gronnds fnr Ihe Naval Academy. u ' i. 11 WAR DKPARTMElvT. - " ' In Ihe report nf the Secretary' of YVnr. a general summary I given nf the military cam- ! paigns ot iwi-l and ItW.V ending in tlie snp presainn of armed resistance to the national anthority in Hi insurgent Stntes. , The op. ; rations nf tho general adniinitratirt hnrcaui of the War Department dnrlnir the1 past year are detailed, and an estimate made: nf tlie ap-'1, pnrpnsei In the fiscal year cninmencing the '' 1 '' m .'Ifllh Am nf- To..-., I (MM . Tl,u ...i,.l Tilli. .'"" "W ry I'nrva rtn,thw 1st of Mny. 1865. numbered '' 1 (UK) Kia mm, I If i. n..4 ... ...,l.. Ik. I military eitablishinent to a peace footing, com- i; " '("', prehending fifty thousand troop ol nil arm. ",,'l " J nrgnnized so a to admit nf an enlargement by " " ''"j tilling np tho rankltn eighty-two thousand six '.'"'"""'j imndred, II the ciruumstanoes of the- cnuntry ,' hnnld reqnire an augmentation of the army." ,:" The volunteer fnrce has already keen redioed " by the dischnrga from ttervlce nf i)vr eight ' n '' ' "' hundred thousand troop, and tlie department '' in iriin.lir .nnl.ll,, i .1... .. ....1. l f.. I. 1 ' ..... ...yt.uj it, im- ,ii,iv in niiiiier, f (, letluuthiui The witr egtimnle aro rednceij ".' lAun t'.llt 9111 I'll I.. tl SI I JDI i LI.., Il! 1 ' ' 1 Irom ; S5I6JZ40.13I in t;M.8U.46l. '. which iimonnt. in the opinion nf the department, it ''" ndeqiiate for a pence establishment. The '1 measure nf retrenchment In each hnroao,' and branch nf the service exhibit ll diligent econo- my Morlllv or onnimendn too: Helereoee 11 Reference ir' - nlsn made In tint repni't to the ieuesity of pro- 1 ' '',a riding fur a uniform militia mtein, nml to the !' ' " " propriety of making saitubli' provision fur ' ""' wounded and disabled ollicer and loldicr.'. 11 ' ". " ' '- TREASURY DEPARTMENT. ' , "J ,"r"' .1 i'ii ..r.i. .. I ::.i. -i-'.:ui'-i .iv ,,,.- ri-icin in in-, uuuiuri la 11 pun- , ject of vital lnteret to It honor and" prnsneri- -' '" iVi and eliodld eninmindtho earnest cotisiilera-' tion of ftimeri.H. i Thu Du,n,l,u f I,,."H" Treasury will lay lu biruyou u full and delniled , j,, repnrt of the receipt and ilisliiiMements nf the " , l I', I ..... ,. ,i... n s.k ?nl eilw .,,,, i,n,, .i mi- ui.-, iii,iiii-i hi ine juee- vm fiscal year, nr the probable receipt ami expenditures for the other quarters, and llie estimate for the year following the 30th ut .lone, 18(il). I might content myself wilh a1 reference to that report, in which yon will find nil the information rennirrd fnr your tlclihera. Hun and decision.'' Hut tlm paramount Im- ntirtaiieii uf tha -,,,1, ;t ,..,.., t.u.,ir , ,,' iniiid. that. I cannot hut lay befnru ynu my viuwi nf the measure which are required fof '.,'.',1,',', Hie good ohnruuler, nnd. ! might almnst say, '' '' fnr the (ixiatwiswof this penplc, The life nf a ' "'"fl republic lie! certniuly in llio energy,' virtue, ' ' nnd intclligoncn of it dtiien ; but it I equally - "'" true that n gnoil revenue: ytc(n' V, llie life of' ,''!,',f aii organiied gnverninenl. ' I fneot ynti'all at .' L a time when Hie nation baa voluntarily' bur- , "'. "." ,la.l !,...lf . j..i. .... .1. ... . till ';i .1 ,.v,i.-.i nr, ii nun i. ucira uiiiireuciieuieu m our i,.,... lr. M- i, . r . . '' 6 niiiu.ii..- 1 111,1, ua is ns uiniiuui, it inue away intn nothing when cniupured with the eomjilei : niesKiug that will lie conlcrrcU apou nnr cnunt ry and u pon many by Hi preservation1 of the '"' , nation's life.o Niiw.'nn Hut first1 ucbasinn (,r " " " ' Ihe. mooting cf Congre linue tho rftturn nf " a pence, it. i of the suuiatl impnrtaiice to inang- ""' unite a jnsi policy, which ihall it bnno be put 'V"ut In motion, and winch ibail oomniend Itself th 1 h,!t tlmo wbn uiinin liter is for it cnntitiannoe '"' 1 ' "' We incst aim nt nothing h than the cum-' 01 : plete oll'aceinent nf.tba linnncial evifi that ne- ",1t' oessarialy followed mm of civil war. We ' inul endeavor lo apply the earliest remedy n l! Ihe deranged stale nf tho the currency, and " ' not shrink from devising a policy which, with- " 1 "' nl, being uppressivo tn the tieople. shall hn -'" '' "' medliiiely begin lo effect h redaction nf theM'- "" 1B," 'debt and. if perMtl In dlicliarge it fullY"1;'" ' within a deliniulv llxwl number of year. : ""'V ! It la nur lint duty In prepare In iarnest fnr I "1 '"I ll" nur recovery from tile ever-inoren ng evil of " TJ n irreiloeiii'hln currency, wlthont it snddeo ''' ' ' reVlllMion. and s t-riili,.,,t ....l...dlM ......il ' ' 'bn'. nnlion. Pur that end, w mnt each In our ' ; - iiiitiincii ii.ui i.,u- respective positions, prepore the way. 1 hnhf It Ihe duly nf tho Exeeiilivo In Insist Uonn frogolity in the expenditure ;' and a iparinf "i.i.m economy ia iuull a great nalionnl resource. : ' Of the bank to which anthotity ha been glv-' .' en lo Issue note scoured hy baud of the L'ni-,. ' "'' "'J' ted Slate, we may reqnire the greatest munV , , '' ration and prudence, and the law mnst luj . '' ' ' rigidly enfiirccd. We may, r acb on of a. "'af oonusel nur active and euler'prlsingcountrymeB'', lo he nntnnlly nn their gnnrtl. tn liquidate) "" ''' debts contracted iu paper currency, and, by ' ' "'."' condiicling bnslnee i nearly n pnssible nn a, " '"' system of cash payment nr short credit, to '"'''') bold Hieiuselve prepared In return loihe atau- "' ' ' -,l'" dnrd nf gnld nnd ilver. Tn aid nur fellow- ' ( '"' 1 ' " cilir.ens in iho prudent inanagemeiit of their ' ' ' monetary affairs, llio duty devolve uu us to '"" J diminish by law tho amount of paper mniiejr ,. ' ',' now in circulation, r ive year ago Ihe bank note clnsulatinn nf Ihe country ainniinted to 1 not much mora than tvrn hundred mlllinni ; liowlbe ciraulatioti, bank and national, ex ceeds i even hnndred million. Tliu simple statement of Hie fact recommends inure strong ly than any word nf mini could do, the ne cessily nf restraining ihi gradual reduction nf restraining (In expansion. The gradual re duction o the currency ht llio only measure thai tan mve the business of llie country from disastrous calumnies and this can be nlninet imperceptibly accomplished by gradually Inn- lime lliu enili,iiul Alrnlin-. ,h r, . ' v,,,.,,,,,..n in .rviiiiuri, tuna ., , , limy bo .,ad. redeemable nt tint plcuanre off'" Ihe linvi rnmenl, . ' " , ' ,1 ' "i Our debt i dniibly eecore first in llie aclu',' " " " i w-.m. u...i ..ni ....... i i j ' ni i , n..i,i, j.,,,,, -.ir-iin iiniirTeniM'fi reanur- ce of Hie country and next iu the character 1 " of nnr iiislimiinus. The must intelligent ob server among puliiicnl economist have not failed In remark, that the public debt of a 1 country U ale In promrtion ns It people are Ine: lhat Ihe debt of a republic i Ihe safest of all. Our history confirm and establlshe ' tho Iheory and it, I firmly believe, destined to give it a still mm o signal illuslriitiou. The eorel nf llins uperiniuy spring not merely . .' Irom tlie luct that hi a republic the national obligations uredisiriboled more widely through ' eoantlusi nuinlier in nil classes of sm-iety j it hit it root iu Ibe character of our luws. Here all men comribule lo llie public Weliare, and beat their luir share of Ibe paiilio bnrden. I)unng the war, auder the impulses of patri iiIkiii, ibe men of ihn treat body of the pea- : pie, without regard so Iheir own coniparutir want of wealth, Ihrouged in aurarmie ami ' filled our Heal ( war, and held thcmselrei ' ready to offer Iheir live for the public gm. ',' Now iu Iheir torn Ibe properly and Income of ' the country, should bear Iheir Just proportion ' ', of Ihe burden uf taxation, while in n it impost ' systeiti, Ihroughl mean of wliieh Increasrrt r. Uiily t incidentally in patted to all the iiittut-1 J Inul iiuere.ia of Ihe nation, the duties should ' 1 be so adju.ted a to lall most heavily ou arli. ' ties of luxury, le ivng the necvssitric of life " us frev Irion talutnti a Ihe absolute want nr ' Ihe goveroiiienl ecm.miiillr ' administered ' will justify. No favored class should demind ' fieedoin Iroin ueeotment. and the tale shoold be an diatnbuled I Dot lo fall nndnly on the ' piair. but rather nn tho aocomulited wealth of ' Ibe country. Wo should look nt the nalnmai ' ' debt juatatk is aet a natinnur hh-ssiiig ' ' but ns a heavy harden on Ihn Indnerry nf the couutiy. lo Ihi discharged wilhonl anrH-ceesarf delay, t , , ',:, It ia estimated hy the ecrelar of the Irei ury that tlm rtue'udltnre for the fitoal tear 1 endiug Ihe !)0ih ol June, Will VXvieetl tlnj revetpii ll2.ifM.!NT. ft gralllymg, In.w. ever. In stole thai il I alsu rsinuaied thai lliu revenue lor Ihe vetf endinj Hn "th of June, lit I OK 1 . ;,.l !'e'nq , :il I' an a U ii ; ? Jt'srnlft lull, Tt III VI, T til V I ,:iu( oo'.,ai!il si ml bo 'f imi ,i.d oi. tfiit .fl- ,eii( iuM IKOti Hit l:'i";a I.'. M,l1 en eBrl -IfiOl ! mi mml ,s a-tn."i ! iM illn'ulll 11 uii-xilA. In ni M (l)-"lllt : A' i-i l V I , .1,1 1 , ! r,. 1, ij 1 I, .li- . I ,11-J I oa ' Hi -i I- 1 I i baa t hiWMl . J .ft-. ' jii-fl m ftt i f Iiiui HI. 1 U ,i ? V, ,;'U r 1 't -( :.u- iifm I ' t (i'; .;: , t ... ti I rt-l'.r'Vwi I ti i Pi i i'H1 ft hi tfi-e ll fll'l'l li at A m . ..ii .U L