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About The Oregon statesman. (Oregon City, O.T. [Or.]) 1851-1866 | View Entire Issue (Dec. 8, 1857)
t-y OREGON STATESMAN. TUESDAY, DECEMBER 8, lS5t. N Tk Pwrf m Stat Over Slav Propcrtf It ia the province of the democratio par ty to maintain the Constitution. - Being the only political organization of national char acter, its mission is to support whatever .rights, tbe constitution , supports,, and to guarantee whatever privileges the constitu tion gnaranteca(frWhiIe4snch will be the aim in influencing the action of the federal 'prernmenl, there mast "be a constant guard against trespassing upon the reserved rights of the States, and against essaying to axer ise power dormant In the people 1 S1 Upon the subject of slavery; as well as npen every other subject which has fallen ; within the pale of politics, the democracy . will adhere firmly to Constitutional ground. :Ia these days of contest and excitement up on this subject, the conservators of the eon- atitation and of the rights of the States, . mast toot veer to the one hand or to the oth er, but keep to their line of duty fast by ; the monitor of principle and law, lest in - avoiding the Scylla of the North they fall apon the Charybdis of the Sooth, lest in combatting sectionalism in one quarter they oecome sectionalists in another. : What is the power of a State over slave ; property? In the words of the U. S. Su preme Court, in the Drtd Scett case: The principle tipon which onr governments pu wuicn aione tney continue to ei- ' the union of the State, aotmign and ia- mtpendrat artfata thctr an limits in their internal and aTemsttc cnemn, and bound together as ona peo- f uj general government, possessing certain , enumerated and restricted powers, delegated to It - by the people of the several States? aud exercis- in" supreme authority within the scope of the i powers granted to it, throughout the dominion of . uw buicasuuet. This principle of absolute sovereignty in ' the several States touching this domestic policy, is vital to the life of the Union, and '. : mast never be lost sight of. In the earlier days of the republic, all the States accepted . n and acted upon it. The subject of slavery is one of those in stitntions of our country which are peculiarly domestic and local to the several States ' where they exist. It has always beeu thus 7 held, and most rightfully so, by the States ; interested. In the North when slavery became nn , . profitable and was a tax upon the master ' and a burden upon the State, they abolish- , ed it, without consultation with the South, - and without objection from that quarter. In the South the States hare severally passed laws restricting the importation of slaves from foreign countries; and at all .' times they have regulated the tenure and terms of emancipation of 6lave property within their boundaries. V Upon this subject, Mr. Justice Nelson, agreeing with tho Chief Justice, who deliv ; ered ILe opinion of the Court in the Dred Scott case just quoted, says: . r "Our opinion is, that the question is one which belongs to tach State to decide for itself." "Every Slate or nation possesses an exclusive sovereignty and jurisdiction within her own Ter ritory; and her laws affect and bind all property . ana perrons residing: wiuun it. . - l bese princi ples fully establish, that it belongs to the sover eign State cf Missouri to determine by her laws, - qnestion of slavery within her jurisdiction." i he principle is not peculiar to the State of J1"'00- " 18 equally applicable te each State ; Belonging to tue conlederacy Mr. Justice Grier said: . "I concur in the opinion delivered by Mr. Jus- umscwBonine questions discussed by him Justice Campbell concurring-, and referring , to a former decision of the Supreme Conrt ; of the Uuited States, said: . - , ; "The power over this subject is exclusively with the several States, and each of them has a "?ht t decide for itself, whether it will or will ot allow persons cf this description to be brought - within its limits." "The constitution of the ifni ; ted States operates alike in all the State. mA . one State has the same power over the subject of uivcrjr as any oiner state. t -, -'; , Nor is there any difference in this partic - lar, between the power of the people raov. - ing in the formation of a State government , and the power o, those already organized as a State. When a Territory becomes a ; - State of the Union it takes its place among the other sovereign States, impressed with J whatever character its constitution gives it. .. And it is the very gist of the Kaosas-Ne-, braska principle that the people are called npon when they form a State government, o ct npon the subject of slavery, and tliat '" their action when finally taken, shall settle the qnestion as far as Congress and the other States are concerned. , : This position is also taken by President . Buchanan in his letter to the clergymen in Connecticut. .But there are many persons of different political views who are opposed to these wholesome doctrines, so long and withuch ,, difficulty maintained aud enforced by the '4: democracy. V The abolitionists of the North are, and always lave been determined to interfere ., . with the rights of those owning slaves in fr. the Territories as well as in the States where slavery exists. They deny to the States and to " the Territories when they become Stares, the sovereignty and exclusive control over this subject. They say that the constitution of the United Slates does not recognize slavery ana .consequently the institntion cannot law- -r fo,'y Xist within tbe Union; and if the ,V,vconstittio,, does "cognise slavery, they y: have so respect for it. '.. - There is another class who declare that tbe constitution of tbe United States does - recognize property in slaves, and whatever is recognized by the constitution is constitu- t -tonal and national. Therefore slavery is constitutional and national. - " " Fortunately the great case which we have cited settles' this question: . The only two provisions which point te then , (aegaees) and include them, treat them as prop erty, and make it the duty of the government to protect t; no other power in relation to this race, ia to be found in thn r,nno;n;n . ..j ; - wMbMM.ru t WW authority bevond athority beyond these two rrrLlJ- The government of 7r ul?' " n?nt to interfere for any other purpose bnT tW 'YVL'Zl mat. mm emch State tmnm tLi.l. i T f "' or It imtcretts and tefetyiftecutg renin!?" ' mmi Thns it wm bo seen that tb constiintion of the United States recognizes and protects s property within tbe States whatever the State laws determine to be property. In this the, States are sovereign. What is true (n relation to property ia African slaves, is trne with relation to every other kind of property, as far as State and Federal connec tions are concerned. V - ' ; At one time white foreign paupers were brought to the state of New Jersey and were held nnder tbe laws of that State, in slavery for a term of years. Bnt at that time the master could not remove to Virgin ia and take such property with him. The laws of .Virginia 4id not permit H... Pennsylvania in regulating her currency" passed a law forbidding tbe circulation and nse within that State, of bank notes of oth er States of less; denominations than five dollarsi Under that law a citizen of Vir ginia or of New York might go to Phila delphia with a thousand dollars, money cur rent in the adjacent State, and find it noth int? better than waata ntnr : , , I At various times and for various reasons. different States of the Union harp restricted the importation and use of commodities of other States, without being charged with unconstitutional conduct. ' ' in tne sereral slave States there hare been. rliUerent systems of legislation with relation to slave property. . In some the owner is not allowed to emancipate his slaves within the State; in others, he Is al lowed the privilege nnder certain restric tions. In some, he cannot sell so as to sep arate husband and wife; in others, there is no restriction of this kind. And if a law should be passed in any of the slave States, that an owner should not sell his slaves at all, such law would be constitutional, if the State constitution did not prohibit its en aetment ' In this particular the several States ex ercise the prerogative of States" or Nations foreign to each other; and such is their true condition nnder tbe federal constitution as far as tbe exercise of their reserved rights is concerned: ' Mr. Calhoun and other prominent States- rights men of his school, both North and South, held to this doctrine. . . , ' ' Many have suffered themselves to be mis led upon thi subject by the assertion that no law of a State nor of the United States, can destroy a vested right of property." But while this is true it applies only to right vested nnder the State constitution which protects them. If the constitn tion and laws of one State establish certain rights of property, is it nrged that the same should be recognized in every State? , . . As well might it be said that because certain remedies at law are granted by one State, they should be enforced by others. This would present the case of one State legislating for another and tbe identity aud sovereignty of the several States would be lost. After reviewing the whole history of the government, and assigning to each branch its proviuce, Chief Justice Taney, in speak ing of the point last presented, remarks: The States evidently intended to reserve this power exclusively to themselves." 19 Ilotctxrd, While we thus contend for the rights of the several States.npon tbe subject of slave ry, we wonld not forget their obligation as members of the great family of the Uniou. It is the duty of each toward tie other, to lend its aid in securing the return, to their proper custodies, of fugitives from service, as well as fugitives from justice, and to al ow a safe transit, through its borders, of slave properly " lawfully taken . from one State to another. t -.. .. .. When these principles shall have been fully understood, and shall have been recog nized by all, as fundamental in our govern ment; when the waves of fanaticism shall have expended their fury in forceless dash ings against the bulwarks of the constitu tion; when local malcontents, attempting to profane the shrine of onr common liberties. shall be hurled back, by the arm of power, 1 to their own annihilation; then, the Union of these States will rise, conscious of a well balanced frame, nerved with a giant's strength, and with a continent as a pedistal, win stand, a living colossus among the na tions of the earth ! . Valuation of Oregon. . We are indebted, to our efficient Territo rial Auditor, B. F. Bonhani, Esq., for the following statement of the valuation of prop erty in the several counties of Oregon for 1857. We believe the real estate of the country is worth more than twice the sum it has been valued at, and that the real val ue of the property of Oregon is nearly twice the amount returned; ... ' . Marion ..................... f 2.299.109 Linn, .... 2,142,710 Multnomah, . . ; 2,043,581 Polk, ....... 2,007,808 Lane,.. ........ ...... 1.548.644 Yamhill, , . . 1,506,880 Benton, 1,390,610 Clackamas, ... , 1,352,430 Jackson. ............. Douglas,.: .. i ....... , Washington, ........ Umpqua, ........... Wasco, .... ....... . Clatsop, . ............ Colombia, .. . ........ Carry,. Josephine, .......... Coos, .......... Tilamook, , . . . ... . '. . T Total, ;;,:, v , . . Total for 1856, , Gain , 955,189 954,795 845,010 441, IOC 221,680 216,377 211,516 120,209 113,767 65,851 25,900 $18,463,772 16,304,487 $2,159,285 leS"C. E. Pickett is in Oregon, and trying to figure in the contest upon the adoption of the new Constitution. He is opposing it, and succeeds in getting an occasional letter before the public.- Some of the papers are rather severe npon him, as they seem to thipk he has no right to come in to their Territory and attempt to dictate to the peopie ot Oregon j Smcrmmtmto V. Uji opposition was very effective! He las now about the same opinion of Oregon that be has of California.1 By the way, there were fluite a Bumberr'of , Californians hererand they, .were nearly all exceedingly officious . and i self-important. They were suffering terribly from a malady known liere as the "big head." Is that a California dis ease? Or do' your great men . only put on their airs among' the "ignorant Tikes'' up here in Oregon? " financial. j J J Two weeks ago we stated the banks bad reached a point that utterly disqualified them from rendering aid to the reckless mer chant, manufacturer and speculator; and we should have -added to honest business men. Money is king, whether it be fonnd in shape of gold coin or bank bills. It is the commander of individuals, communities states and nations. The motto of Young America has been "get rich suddenly." In brdef'to do this, "money must be plenty; aud in order to have money plenty banks must be multiplied. In order to obtain a charter for a bank, it' was only necessary to erect a man -to too legislature,-who had influence and could make it appear that such an institution was actually needed ia the place designated. The charter being granted, a large amount of money was put into circu lation, the tendency of which has been to excite and encdarab reckless men In their wild and insane desire to amass great wealth, in the shortest possible time. Many men have made large fortunes in the course of Wo tr three 'years merely by speculating on the products of others, Without adding any thing to tbe wealth of the nation. - - Every effect has a cause; and it must ap pear evident to every intelligent mind that the banks have been the cause of 'the pres ent financial troubles.' If the merchant overtraded, he was enabled to do it by the banks. If tbe manufacturer has extended his business too far and added mill to mill, he has done it by paper money.' If tbe spec ulator has amassed fortune in a year, lie had the means furnished him by men inter ested in banks. In short the expansion of tbe currency by means of banks has ena bled ambitious men and vain women to practice all kinds of extravagance and wick edness. . It is no nse to talk of excessive im portations, overtrading, extravagant living, &e.,as the cause of the present money cri sis, when they are' nothing' more or less than the effects of an expanded paper cur rency. :' .-.;!';,;:: The banks having gone to the extent of their abilities in assisting the ambitious to sieculate, the crisis came; and they are now striving to sustain thrnistlves, without hav ing the ability to aid even their friends Hence suspensions, failures and assignments are the order of tbe day. It is certain that there, is wrong somewhere; and it seems t us that legislation of the right kind, iu re'- erenre to our banking institutions might to 8ometning towards preventing the occar rence of another money crisis, like the ane which is now proving so disastrous to the commercial iuterest of odr nation. The suspense of such firms as the Harper Broth ers, isowen JUciNamee, ami others which might be named, shows the immense Power of the Banks, over the financial affairs of individ oals. IVestfield Mass.) News letter, - Tbe News Letter is at present knownoth ing , and black republican and before the rise of those parties was whig. And it has ever been, with the whig party, a zealous supporter of the baukiag system. But the present pressure, so directly traceable to banks, is creating a great revolution con cerning that system, in the Atlantic States. llard mouey is now a popular cry there. We trust tbe recent experience there will be treasured up by the people of Oregon. The time may come '. when there will be a bank party iu Oregon. le"The Democratic Central Committee are no tified to meet at Salem on tbe I9;h of Decembor, as "business of iniportance requires thoir atten tion." The Oregon Times and the Jacksonville Herald only are requested to copy. " We snjipose we may consider ourselves as read out of the par ty, inasmuch as the Messenger was not embraced in the request to publish the Jacksouville 8en. tinel and l'orthiuJ Standard ditto. Arerg Oz. Ah, lia!!l The Standard is a "demo cratic paper," then, is it, according to your estimate? A sound, constitutional demo crat,' like Cass, Dickinson, Douglas, Bright, Buchanan, Brcckiuridge, Cobb, of . Geor gia, Orr, of South Carolina, Honter, of Virginia, are not democrats, if they voted for a free State iu Oregon. , But this Alge riue, abolition, nrgro-eqnality, Standard, which, -with the black-republicans,; has always opposed ' the democratic party, and with them last spring opposed Gen. Lane, its editor voting against him, is a "demo cratic paper Of course it is, for Avery owns $500 of its stock, (abont five times its worth) and it, 'Avery aud yon, are run niug iu the same "intrust.. , There would have been just as much propriety in the chairman of the Central Committee request ing the Oregonian aod Airgoose to copy his notice, as in so requesting the Standard and Ox. ,. The Jacksonville Sentinel, we presume was not named because it does not profess to be a party ps per. It styles itself "inde pendent," and we think, lost epring stat ing that it was not a party paper gave no tice that it wonld not publish tbe notices of any party without they were paid for as ad. vertiscments. That, we hare no doubt, was the reason the Sentinel wasomittcd. 1 , The Pcrfose Proclaimed. The last Ave ry's Ox has a . communication signed ''A," which "reckons all as friends who enlist in the patriotic struggle," which is to take place to defeat the Democratic party iu Or gon. i In short, black republicans, and eve ry ism, end aud odd, which stands arrayed against tho democratic party, is openly in vited to join the "pro-slavery democrats" against the democratic organization. The Ox man, under the head of "Attention the Universe," calls attention to this "A" arti cle, and unqualifiedly endorses it. , It is idle for any man who reads the Ox to pretend that it is, in any sense, ' democratic paper, or to pretend that its mission is not to distract and defeat the democratic party, by the aid of abolitionists and rot tens. -It is no more entitled to be called a democratic paper than is Rev. Billy's Airgoose. -They are of. the same character,' and together are making, and will make,, common cause against' the democracy.: - Can ; slave , State democrats, or free State democrats, longer consent to nourish thw Ox and Avery i cancer noa the democratic party of Oregon, by bestowing their patronage upon it! -: Caa democratic officers consent to furuish "material aid" to the enemy by bestowing upon it their official patronage? ' ' ry A friend of ours, speaking of bro. Pearne, ays he don't know anything of his abilities as an editor, but he looks as if he bad great ' Veto" pow ers. Portland Times.: ,'"7;. i 'ti , "What on airth -does the man mean" by "T'eo powers? We are : told that-Captain English knows,'" but we bare not' seen him. A I.Ut or Members mt tHm Council. Marion County Ed ward Sheil. Wasco and Clackamas Aaron B. Walt. Yamhill and Clafsnp Thomas Scott. Polk and Tillamook Nathaulel Ford. Linn Charles Drain. U; . "Benton and Lane Avarr A. Smith.. Umpqua, Dmtglas, Coos and Curry Jingn v. u ifryant. Jackson and Josephine A. M. Berry. . Wastonfton, Multnomah and Columbia Tliomas K. Cornelius. Tbose.marked with a star()are opposition. Those riot so marked, are democrats, i - Us or Tlemtot or tke How .., .; ... -. ) ; tatlves. -, .. . Marion Corner Jacob Woodsides, George M Able, EU C. Cooley. - - Linn Andersen Cox, N. H. Craner, H. II. Brown.-' ' . ! 1 Benton Renbea C. Hill. James H. Slater. J . Lane John Vhiteaker, J.W. Mack. . j folk and TMomotkBeni. Hay den. , - ' Polk In P. M. Butler. - I - la ma ill 'Andrew Shuck, 'William Allen. ClotMOO Joarah Jpffora ..... ClocXamatlioa. Beese, FA, Collard, 8. P. Uinuand- , . Washington and Mnhnomoh Tho's J. Dryar. . Multnomah 'Vim. M. King.': ' '-A , : H'nshintjton "U. V. V. Johnson. ' . . s j . Coimmbt 'Frtncis M. Warren. . ; ' Wasco. N. H. Jates. , ' Vmpqua Janes Cole. "; J Douglas Albeit A. Mathews.! . Coot and Currur-'t. G- Kirkpatrick. " Jackson II. It Brown, Wm. M. Hughes. Josrphint J. tf. Spear. . . Jackson and fosepAine H. 8. Belknap. Those ma'ked with star (J were elected on tickets spposed to tbe democracy. Those not 60. marked, (twenty in number) were elected on tw democratic ticket, bat om of them, aed not impossibly two or three of them, my act with tbe opposition in the legislatire. On the other hand, we have been ld that Mr. Jeffers, of Clatsop, will, like Judge OIney, of that county, in tbe Coiveution, act with the democratic organ izttion. Whether or not this report is cor net-we do not know. We have also been .old that Mr. King, of Multnomah, would do the same, but have no knowledge of the cor rectness of the report. Tbe democratic majority in the Council ia bnt one, and we shall not be disappointed to find that the reliable democratic ma jority in the House is small, though not quite a9 small as in the Council. The out rageously unequal apportionment gives the opponeuts of the democracy a representa tion in the Legislative Assembly two to one greater than their proportionate strength with the voters. Under the State constitu tion it is rsuch more just and equal; and the chance for a speckled majority in the State Legislature will be dreary indeed. Souj Cheap, or Rattier, Dear. -The N. T. papers are continually publishing adver tisements of easy ways to make money, re markable remedies discovered by a "retired physician," or "clergyman whose sands of life hate nearly run out," Ac. A young man in this county bit at one, offering direc tions for. "an easy aud certain method of making a fortnue without capital," which would be imparted to any one sending a postage stamp to the advertiser's address. The young man sent the postage stamp, aud received in return instructions to feud on fire dollars, and the - directions and imple ments for the "easy, and certain fortune" would be seut. The five dollars was dis patched, and tbe last mail brought the young man' a cheap diagram, and a yard or two of measuring tape, all costing about six aud a-fourth cents. The lucky purchaser of this valuable property was told that it would enable him to make the "easy aod certain fortune" in culling boy's clothing. This young man could not have been a reader of the Statesman, or he wonld have been too sharp for that bait. . B. Tbe report that Walton had cut his throat proves to be erroneous. -.Speaking of Walton, reminds us that be has disclosed the fact of his association with Dryer in conducting the Oregonian. ' The Times calls the Oregonian the Stable organ, and Dryer the hostler, and says : -; , As a general thing ' the hostler's editorials are made up of the disjointed fragments of half-drunken slaug he sponges up with his whiskey around the back alley driukiug saloons of this city, but in this instance the fountain happens to be else where. Mr. Sloan informs us that Walton the "diJdler," now nnder his official snperveilance, tells him that he, the identical Walton, is the au thor of the "Old Califoruian" correspondence of the Oregonian. and that he suggested to the hos tler the "constitutional objections' now so flip pantly paraded in the Stable organ as tbe sweet eliminations of "Toddy Jep's" delirium-tremens racked brain. . Indeed Walton thinks it uukindly in 'Jen' that he has deserted him in his dark hour of trial. 'Inirrstitudc! thou marble-hearted Bend More hideous wbes thou show'st thee iu 'Toddy Jrp' Than the sea monster!'' However this connection of Walton's with the Oregonian forms a link in the chain of testimony against him, and we forbear pressing the question lest it Bliould wantonly prejudice nis case, its mention is nevertheless a compliment to "Toddy Jcp's" organ. It will hate been noticed that Judge Williams decided the supposed Salem Char ter to be void, haviug never passed the two branches of the Assembly. As the Public Administrator law is in tbe same condition, the legislature had better enact it, and also pass a law legalizing the acts of officers un der it heretofore " ' "" ' If another act to incorporate the town of Salem is passed this , winter, we trust the powers of the .city authorities will be much more restricted than they were before, and the limit' of taxation much lower-i-not above a half mill, If anything at all. ' ; We . thint some provision ought to be made giving the electors of this road district, power to elect their supervisor. B& The last Ox contains Pickett's prom ised article reading Geu. ' Lane and Judge Deady out of the slave State ranks.- , It ; is "very heavy." We predict that before-next June, the Ox, if it lives till that time, (we have but littlo expectation that it will) will have read every democrat out of the slave State ranks in the Territory except tbe Ave ry and - Col. Ford kind, who have ' always been arrayed against the democratic party here, arid always will be. ' Let this ' predic tion be remembered, and see if it is not fair fined?,;'; ' Avery's Ox bas a penchant for what Dryer calls "nick , names.".. IIow does he think Lummox will apply to him? (HalL). It strikes us that name applied to him' is strikingly descriptive. SafijjfiBanfiLESl Tfco OtBclal. J: Below are the figures from such counties as have sent in official returns, to this date I o i COCKTIKS. s 8 2S1 17 215 set S74 1 sfsrion 1021 S14 198 23 S5 10T ,98 1055 76 1092 . IIS 308 132 1113 1095 ....Jill .... 440 ... 691 S71 ...I. 630 Benton,. 459 lane,. 602 97 7S3 621 694 587 . 66 " 63 . 60 ' 79 YahUI,.i... Claekatnas,..T. 622 '656 653' .,.84 71 377. 72 484 ' 4!8 ,426 ' 22 201 95 : 85 85 113 112 24 25 23 10 63 80 46 1 24 8 13 Multnomah.......... 496 255 96 Colombia. 30 Clatsop,... ...... 61 66.11 37 25 iwogia,......,.. 419 203 -248 26 : 19 188 ' 231 226 68 372 405 1 ' 6 84 32 14 35 . 89 58 Coos,. 68 rOlK,. ....... Washington, Jackson...... Tillamook,. . . Umpqna,..:. Curry,,..... Wasco,..,.. Joaepbine, . . . 'Total.. 628 265 445 in 155 117 55 '684 393 710 25 : 1M 121 , 122 . 6750 2963 2490 7292 1040 8000 ' Not been returned te the.fteergtary ' office, but the aooveugirsa are prooaDiy correct.. '(' ' ' ' ' 1 ' The Election. ;' ' ' ' , ; : kmfqua coujrrr orriciat , : ' its S' 8 "4 . 9 rnaotMOTS. ,3 is .. 3 -4 Calapooia, Green Valley, Yoncalla, , Elk ton. Rcottsbarg, tlardiner, ' ; ToUl, 23 23 13 30 S'J 27 1 27 39 18 4 1 4 -S3 13 35 i 3 40. '27 31 7. 5 : 30 3G 31 41 S4 ' 23 ft 24 : 19 1SS 84 32 201 181 The Times notices the receipt of the Astoria railroad committee report for publi cation, but declines.saying it does not fiad any of their names npon its subscription books. Of course you don't. With one exception, none of their names are upon the Statesaiau subscription book, or ever were. .They dou't support democratic papers, that kind don't, bnt they use them when they can. In the instance referred to, we pitAished two col umns of their matter, for tht setting of the type of which we paid several dollars, besides giving them the space, worth much more, and, if any of them (we don't intfde the democrat who is a subscriber) ever sv it in our columns, they bad to either . beg, borrow, or steal tbe paper containing it.- i e are at liberty to do as mocu as we choose for them gratis, but not a dollar of their funds ever gets into a democratic pub lisher's pockets. iV7 sir! That would be "supporting loco foco papers," an act con trary to their instincts and education. ' ' Speaking of the support of the democrat ic press, we notice in the last Oregonian a loug advertisement worth twenty or thirty dollars, from the Qr. Masters dept., U. S. A., at the Dalles, while the Portland Times, and every other democratic paper in the Territory is without it. The department referred to is democratic, we are told, and we think it ought, at least to divide its pat ronage with the democratic press. We do not suppose these advertisements are order ed published by the head of the department, or that that head has been immediately con cerned in the direction given" them. There is one noticeable fact; yon never see opposition officials supporting democrat ic papers. It is a part of their religion to bestow their favors exclusively npon their party papers. When yon write for a newspaper, write all your words in full as you wish them printed. This' has been said a thoasnnd times, bnt not one man in ten observes the rule. All our best writers do observe it. In this paper we print an article in which the writer abbreviated the word government into govt, and the printers made it gent, so that the power of the government was changed into the power of the gout. Dot the letter t and cross the letter t, and try to spell correctly. . If yon cannot comply with these rnles, after you nave written your ar ticle, pnt it in the fire.-iV. Y. Observer. We trust all writers to the Statesman will observe these rules strictly, unless they send as news matter. In that case, send us the news, no matter how badly you write or spell, or what you have to write it on. Do it as well as you can, but send us all items and incidents of public interest transpiring in your neighborhood. We can re-write such, if necessary. But all persons who essay to write otht r matter than news for the public press, should be able to write legibly, spell and punctuate correctly, &c. I If they are not, they had better not write. An editor has : ftot time to re-write or correct matter of that kiud. BA Dr. Henry is illuminating the Standard with his ideas of Democracy ! and insisting that the great " disaffected" wing of black republicanism ha9 a right to make democratic nominations. The Dr. is apt to be -violently attacked with democ racy jnst about the time the nominating conventions are held, -and recovers immedi ately after they are over, and he not nomi nated. We believe one of his democratic fits never remained upon him over an elec tion. The ; longest one he ever had lasted about six . months, during which time he held an appointment nnder a democratic official. Immediately upon bis remov al, the democratic party was ' seriously "divided," and, in his estimation, baa been getting worse ever since.. . He is strongly impressed that Mr. Buchanan belongs to some other than the old democratic party, and that a " reorganization of parties" is to take place, and that a conservative party ill be the result, to which he and Mr. Buchanan are to belong I Yon bad better go in nnder some cover. Dr. Ton have been standing out in the cold a long time. . Must Have Thought wk were Gbeen.- The California instructors of our i, Constitu tional Convention, really thought the peo ple of Oregon were verdant enough ' to per mit knaves to swindle them under the protec tion of bank charters, ; One of them writes to the' New York Herald that the great question was the establishment of . State bank, which was certain to come up! An other writes to the Alta California in the same strain. . They must have thought' Cali fornia Diddlera bad struck a set of suckers np here. ' ? -N TB earners Rnnnlpg to Oregon. ' 1? V At a meeting of the "Shipwright's Asson tion "San Francisco, the .aubjoinedtajk ment was made respecting the Steamers rai ning to Oregon: ' .. H In relation to tbe Columbia, the Presi dent stated that he worked -on her- abaat eight months ago, when she was id s very bad condition. Her beams are wide apart and the npper deck is very light. Sbeja not ceiled, Uber as other vessels are. . The Colombia was reported Very lightly built. The Oregon was reported as rotten and onseaworthy, with a very weak stern, only half fastened, and no knees to the three af ter beams of her npptsftfetlrririrlt-' ted that her frames were so rotten; that the fastenings had to be driven, through, the ceiling and clinched. A new sterol was put in Some time ago, bnt . was' not fastened to the old frame at all,; which was so rotten that tbe stern could not be" fastened to It. Tbe Republic's pumps broke, in attempt- lug to pat mem in motion, in 1854, and there was no one on, board capable of re pairing them. The water rose and pnt the fires out, and tbe ship was saved by bailing:. This statement was made by a passenger on board at the time. While; lying at tbe doek, abont a week since, she had to be pumped considerably each day to keep her free. t She Jeaks badly about the exhanst pipes. The commodore has not been thoroughly overhauled for a long time, and is greatly in need of repairs. ''Her timbers were found rotten near the blow-off pipe." It required a nine-Inch bolt to hold the new plank to the ceiling. : These bolts were made on pur pose, as the ordinary gj)kes wonld not an swer. ; " - The Commodore (Brother Jonathan) was running in New York in 1851, end she run into a schooner on the North river at that time. She. was not built for a fiver boat, bnt as a Fteamer to run to one of the southern ports on the Atlantic side.' In lb52, some of her floor was rotten. On of the members stated, that he worked On her in York, in 1850, and that she was launched in 1851. The California was next under discussion. One of the members had worked on her in 18o2, and found her ceilin? and timbers about her coalbunkers so rotten that he did not need tools to tear the ceiling off, and it required an unn?nal number of suites to make tue new pieces hold to the timbers. Uer stern, was reported as rotten five years The Constitution's decks are in bad con ditinf and her starboard waist planks infect ed wm, dry rot. They were cut out and repairet jjeP butts were very open, after her ret nr.. from her last trip so much so that an iue, board was driven iu in one place. - ner imber is represented as sound, and she was- pooj CODdition when she left, having beei.thoroughly repaired. A caulker preset stated, that he could not understand ho the iosnrance Aent passed on the Constit;on as feion seawor thy, when she sailed i. Jone or -Ju, ,ast for Pn.et Sonn-1. but to retnrn 6he was undoubtedly Hunt to g j0 sea. ' Her iron fastenings wert eaten aad bad, and the ship in bad cond.sou i - No one present knew anything afeou t the Panama at present, but it was st- tuaj her sft-rn was rotten five years ago. . . .- Mr. 0. AI Swasey, Port-wvden oi Fraucisco, at the reqnest'of Foraes & 1$,. ccck, the P. M. Co's agents at Sa Fran cisco, made an examination of the Jdsn L. Stephens, considered one of the best steam ers the mail company" has, and prouonneed her unseawortliy. They were dissatisfied with the verdict, and asked a re-examination. The result was as follows: . San Frascisco, Not. 19, 1857. By the . req nest of Messers. Forbea & Babcock, I held a special re-examination np on the bull of the steamship John I. Ste. phens, and found that a great portion of her frame, near aud' adjoining floor beads, was iu a teryvtak and unsound condition, and, as she is now, feel compelled to declare her eusea worth jj Would, therefore recom mend that she be taken out for further ex amination, and thoroughly repaired before again proceeding to sea. G, A. Swasbt, roTt-Warden. Notwithstanding this the Stephens was immediately seut to sea (on her last trip) without any: repair . , ; " Goisa Back Hose: The prospect of hard times for the coming winter has largely increased tire number of passengers going to Euglahd.- Every ship for Liverpool now has all the passengers she can carry, J and multitudes are applying for opportunities to work their passage, who have not money to pay it. : ; - . . ' . 1 We wish a few thousands of them could fiud their way to Oregon, notwithstanding Pickett,iu the knowuothing Ox, has warned us against an influx of the "Dutch aud Irish rabble." We would like to see abont fifty thousand of those same engaged in develop-1 ing our undeveloped resources,' while at the same time they built up homes for them selves and their posterity. ; i- : - The Supcrinteudent of Indian A fairs has been at , Portland, for a couple of weeks attending the distribution of a large quantity of Indian goods -annuities and presents lately received from the States. Among these are numerous shirts ot "desid eratum sizes," as bro. Pearine says. .Thaf, being the case, the department will not need his missionary shirts. "Nes," might take a few shoes. :i ' ' ' ' ' il ; " - Will. Hardly ItETCRS.T-r:We re told that when Emigrant was taken from Deer Creek, by 'the sheriff, he said that he should be back there iu about six weeks; that be" had spotted a horse at Portland which he inten ded to, steal and . ride back, and that if be did not nse him np, he should want to sell him. i He stole a horse in Jacksonville abont six weeks ago. ' i n ' ' JM . t Tbe Ummux of the Ox for the last few weeks has principally devoted his sheet to the iteration and reiteration of lies Avery has furnished Lim on the subject of "cowar dice," "running," ?'hiding,"&cf We counsel the gullible Ox , man not to delude himself, or permit Avery to dolnde him, on that point.-" ; ' iw -" i-t - 9Sfn We inyite attention to the article in this i issue cf the Statesman headed "Tbe Power of a State over slave Property." It Is a subject upon which tbert is mach mis- apprehension. ' "..'r hi -if - f j : We have received m middling- sued spple from the second crop this season, from ! Mr. Boothby.of Polk Co. It was of toe Eng lish Rossei 7S7.?eJ'I teee.. is again in Woonu, ,a ... e es.'i j 3 JVe'rZU Treasnrer of the "Amaricad Sunday School Tnion," Frederick W. Por ter,' a man about 80 years old, and a real ons Christian, has fobbed ninety thousand dollars iof the society's funds. The "com cnittee on deposites and finance" hare is-' sned H sfjfs, announcingthe defalcation, and asking' the public not to cease their con tributions on account of this disposition of their nndsibey close aa follows :, n " e cannot entertain the 'thought for a moment "at an institutions signaUy fay ored of Godand ? enuntry fitted by iu organizalio ftna aeu cies to blo nd MJ onr cTontry; wl bo Mtu, Jflecay because one of its ervfnts, la an evil hour, has proved faithfess to U fruit, 'i'Ws nave received from Mcdortoiek, Portland, a copy of "WelU Jllnstrated Na tional Hand Book,", fnll ot valuable sUtis- -ties and other matter, for the politieiaaand citixen. See, McCormiek's advertisements in the Statesman. Persons wanting any ar ticles' in the book and stationery line freta the States, will fiad this a most favorable bpportnnlty. ; . ;. X;; A !f other. Sheriff Craig, of Donghis' county, left Salem ' Snnday morning, withr David ONeil, who has been' ordered hr Jndge Deady, to board with Sloan for four yars, for stealing cattle. " "',V-'-i Alter court adjourned Sheriff Craig ar. rested one James Jones, for stealing $120 from miner's - cabin in Starveout dig gings. .... He is in jaiL : , ?:.,.".'.. SsB- Mr. Thornburi has become associate ed with Mr. Besnrs in the 1 rnblicatron " of s the Jacksonville ' Herald, r We. trass the democrats south will not suffer tbe Herald.' to languish for want of support., Take the- Herald first, and then subscribe foi- tbe Statesman. :; The Legislative " AssembTy j.nreeta here to-day, '(Monday,) but will not organ ize, we presume, permanently before to morrow. - i . ; Daring the session of the Assembly we shall give up a large portion of our . paper to reports of its doings. - . : - . t ry Those of our readers who think they cant stand it to take three black-epublican papers pub lished in this city, will be bg?ed to " jo in lem ons on tne Advocate, l ne more you lay sown on that board the less you take up. Portland Tttnes. -s:.- . - . -;;," They will be "beggeiT' snre. ; . - T - We are told that David Logan will be the opposition candidate for Congress next June. . ' t Avery's Ox thinks we are inclined to be merry over the "pecuniary embarrass ment" of the Qx establishment. We know a jour, who was not. W. R. Morris wants his Statesman changed to Sublimity. He neglected to state where be now receives it, and we are unable to find it. .- , " '- - I tWe are indebted to Mr. S. H Points, of this county, for a sack of apples, of vari ous and valuable varieties.- -- He ha- our prayers for any kind of success. . ; . f be Ox man never fonnd it conven ient denying a knownotbing. We do not be"eve he evis. s democrat.not ev'ea before tbe rise of kndthjn 3m. rr. CoRTiu P 1 f-,- a. Avery's Ox has tarowK fts Tffy tb5n difgnise, and , is now out fc, . rft union with all the isms opposed v.j,e rem ocratie party, to defeat the latter. pro-slavery sheet. ' The Orconcern as BoV- rowed a cook -stove and gone to "batcbrng.' It may hold out, iu consequence of this, tilP. the Legislature elects a printer. Hall does not tell the truth when he says Tbayer is the only one that has stopped his' paper. . We have all tried to stop the d n, thing : paid for it iu foil, and requested titn, for God's sake to stop it. Wouldn't yon call1' that stopping it. Some who bad paid for it, a year, aad didn't want it, ordered iti sent to some other address for the balance of the time, I believe. One, I ondersland, ordered bis copy sent to Wilson JBlain. Nesmith ordered the copy be was sending to bim, (he never ordered fcimr to send it) stopped, and last week he publishes a lie Avery gave - him, charging Nessnith with having been a deserter aa eld -slander Avery borrowed of Thornton, and" Hall got of, Avery w Some of the boys here told Hall that Nesmith wouTJ thrash bim blind, and he is dreadfully frightened loaded him self with pistols says Thornton gave him the story that he will retract it, &c.; ic - VERITAS. A New Star. We are informed by Mr. Briggs, of the bay of Port Townsend, (who returned to this place 611 yesterday fi ohi a visit to Oregon,) that as far as "cox ppuli" is concerned, the "crown of Uncle Sany is about to be enriched by - the accession of a new "gem." Mr Briggs informs us that from all that be could learn, th constitu tion for a state government in Oregon, (re cently promalgated,) bas been adopted by about 5000 majority. Slavery has been de cided against by about a like maiaritv. and free negroes, by u ' like vote, are not permtf- tca to restae w i aiaie, or be allowed tbe immunities of citizens of the United States. This is the most signal triumph the most successful vindication of the principles of the Kansas-Nebraska bill, by the people of tbe territories, that has. as yet been- called forth. r It is significant of the fact,- without, further argument, that the "All-wise Ru ler"' of the Universe, has fixed the bounds, of slavery, which it cannot pass north and! south- the constitution, at tbe saute timo, containing an endorsement of the binding -force and. penal obligations contained i tbo fugitive slave act." Let C.egoabe weir-rm-ed into the Union by "tiirty-'mf united cheers. Olympia. Pioneer mnd DtnwsraK sob of late Cot. Bakeastos, was severely - - war : 1 a . injured oa euuaay mornin-f last, oy me acc;dental discharge of shot gun. Tbe charge passing through the wrist; and causing such injury to tbe bones and soft parts, that on const-jtation, amputation of the forearm was deemed necessary; the patient being placed nnder the influence of ehlorforro, the opera tion was performed by Dr. Wilson; the at- ttndinr nhvsiciar . Ther wm tUn injury to the right eye- Tntes.' '" ;3r RiA suicfc Charle3, 1 told yon that if ' yoa ever.came home drunk " again I would eat you off with a shilling; so I want nothing '.more to . do with you! Charles (very drunk) Very well old covey jnst let us have the shilling now, and we'll, hie) go aod take a drink.;. ,' "t 1 ' 1