THE OREGON ARGUS,
ftSMUISD ITIIT MTVtlMT NOKXIN0,
BY WILLIAM L. ADAMS,
TERNS Tki Atom will be furnithed at
Tkrti Dollart and Fifty Cmti per annum, in
advance, It tingle lubtcribtriTkrii Dalian
tack ta etui of tin at ant tffietin advantt.
WA tki money it not paid in adsance, four
Vollari Kilt It tkarttd if eaid tnUkim ti
montkt, and Fivtdollari alike mdoftke near.
3T Tieo Doiiari for lit mantki No tuburip.
im rrnima jor mm period,
fjf No paper ditcontinutd until all arrtaragtt
are pom, umett 11 lue option oj I lie publiiher.
lestmcrct, c at lb time 4 elhir
Ytltra River.
TLa Secretary of W.r, on the 25d of
Januar. U.I. r.nli.,1 In . r.ll nf th. 1T.,..
of Representatives in recard to the fob
,..r ...........
owlnir Innuiriei !
lit. The amount end value of the com-
"
merce of the Ohio and all oilier Western
rivers; also, the navigable length of said
nveri.
2,1. Th .mnnnt .nd v1 f th.
..nf .niH rl...r. Hi.i;..i.i.i..
as practicable, between aieamboata and
other craft.
3d. The amount and value- of tho com
merce and tonnage of all canals connect
ed with said rivers.
4lh. The extent aud cost of the rail
roads connecting with said rivers, and the
cest of the equipments thereof: and also
the number of tons of freight moved by
.am raiiroacis, ana ma cost ot transports
lllfl MAP nil a tin ft
6tL The relative value for military de-
fensive purposes of the Western rivers,
canals, and railroads, as now severally pro-
vided with means of transportation.
ine department was not prepared to an.
awer in regard to all the points suggested,
dui remamca mat "generally a may be
safcly stated that our Western rivers, can.
nls, and railroads have largely increased
the military power of the Unitod States for
oeiensive purposes, oy me laciiuics tbeir
present means of transportation afford for
the rapid and certain movement and con.
ceotration of troops and supplies at most
ot tue assailable points of the country."
General Josup, the Quartermaster Gen.
crai, remarks :
l cart saieiy say that the rivers, canals,
ana rai.roaas, w.m me.r present mean, or
tmnsnnrtntintV tnUftn fnerathap Imea triAfa
ihannuadrunU,! .!, miHmrv -r ,h
Western Stales for dofensive purposes, by
tue tacililies they allurd fur the rapid and
cartiiin mnvnnimit nf Irnnni. iml nill!fni
sunblies : for the relative military uavr of
il.n Smin. i?' ..
hers and menus as the nbilitv to concern-
truto both where they are required to be
used either for defence or otTence.
Gen. Totten, chief engineer, answers
more elaborately, and shows the relative
value of railroads and canals, each useful
in their way tho one where speed is de
manded, tbe other where time is nut im
portant, in point of economy. Dividing
the country into four sections, he presents
the mode of defending each by fortifica-
tionsaud batteries and tho use of the fin-
provomenta referred to. Ho concludes by
Saying!
Should a case occur whero the whola
strength of the nation would be required because ' tho idea sought to be dissemina
te repel nn attack, even greater than that ted" is " that all subjects of legislation are
on Scbastopol, the rivers, canals, and rail- proper for the consideration of a nariv
roads di the West, as means of transpor-
...!. .i.,v , r,
taiion, would ufford important aid in
mo
ucfencc,
bow Drougut Bentais lUe Sou. ;
That a season of extreme drought so
often occurring, and so injurious to our
summer crops-should still prove benefi-
ciai to ine sou, seems strange, but cl.em-
leal science shows us that droughts are one
of the material causes to restore the con
stituents of crops, and renovate cultivated
soils. Professor Iliggins remarks upon
this subject to some extent in the " Mary
land Slate Transactions"; we condense
therefrom the main portions of this article
Mineral matter is taken from the soil by
tho crops grown upon it, and also carried
away by the surface water flowing into trine that a representative or delegate can,
streams, and thence carried to the sea. in pursuance of the wishes or fancied in
These two causes, always in operation, un- fere,ts ef th.9 district he represents, go
less counteracted by other influences, weuld
J ' I
m time render the earth a barren waste.-
Jhe diminution which arises from the first
cau.se is in part restored by manures, but
not in all cases, and Providence has pro-
vitted a way of its own to supply lost min-
oral constituents needed in the growth of
plants. At intervals droughts occur to
bring up from the deep parts of the earth
foed for the use of plants when the rains
ahall again fall.
The manner iu which droughts exercise
their beneficial influences is as follows:
Purine dry weather, a continual evapora-
itiwn or !er tecs place n?m the surface party would control the legislator, and con
f &cartk which is :? upplied J oy sequently the people he represents, only in
from tbts clouds. The evaporai.C
the surface creates a vacuum, (as far as
the water is concerned,) which is at once
filled by tfce water rising up from the sub
soilthe water from the subsoil is replaced
from th next below and in this manner
the circulation or water in the earth is the
reverse of that which takes place in wet
weather. This progress td the surface of
the water in the earth manifests itself stri
kingly in the drying up of springJ and
and streams which are supported by
eprings. - -
It is st, however, only the water which
wbroBgtt to tLs surface ot lhe Mrth but
aUo all which the water holds in o'ation;
These substances are salts of lima and
magnesia, of potash aad soda, and indeed
whatever the subsoil or top strata ef the
earth may contain. The water, on reach
ioj the surface, is evaporated, and leaves
behind in the toil its mineral salts, the
.chief of which are lime, magnesia, phoa
Hale of lime, sulphate of lime, earbonate
Nj.ics9f potj;!i aad toJa and alio
mm
. A tVlrln Arnfironnn,.
cvn.ijr ctoici, ucryicu k me i rincipies oi dt'iicnjonian .uemocrncy, anu ouvocuung
You III.
common salt all indispensable to the
ro 'n "60,awa Pro,u1
I i . .t . ... . . .
,BnB' Br rBln wtt". M " falls, will UU-
r n .
, ,
" ,mn" Por,lon or ,ome r
uui wnen it sinks into
I il..-.. ...1..A .1 e. t .
.1 I- . .L 1 . ...
,M0 e""u ,non ecuM "rongly imbued
w,lu carbonlo acid from the decomposition
of vegetable matter in the toil, and thus
I nnii-fta th nrnnavtv r.f ,!:!..
-r-r-V w" ""'V ""6
'"'. u wmcn it uciore couiu nave
very little influence
Several experiments tried by Prof. II
I go to show this action of drought in bring'
ing matters to the surface of the soil. In
one case he placed a solution of chloride
of btriura in bottom of a glass cylin
dor, and then filled it with dry soil. After
long exposure to the rays of the sun, th
surface of tLo ,oi, WM testtd whh , h
I I
rio1a1Lcid and Kave a coPiolu P'P11"" of
8U'Pnate of baryta. Chloride of lime, of
and carbonate or potash were ox peri
mented upon in like manner, and upon the
application of proper tests, the surface of
the soil showed their presence in large
quantities, drawn up by the rising of wa.
tor from underneath, as in tho case of
drought.
The parched earth every green thing
dwarfed in growth or withered by lone.
continued heat seems suffering under an
afflictive dispensation of Providence 5 yet
we should not murmur : it is a blessiug in
disguise. The early and the latter rain
may produce at once abundant crops, but
dry weather is needed to briog to the sur-
face food for future harvests from the depth
0f lLe eartb wh,re else woulJ be f
1
unoni Wd needed means of
ke.ePinfi "P the fertiliiy of the cultivated
FuT ' ArS'-
uemocmy of tbe Amu kind,
ln 11,0 Statesman of 10th of May, Mr,
Bush labors to sustain the party against
what he calls " wilful perversion" on the
part of the Orcgonian and Standard. He
quoted from the Staudard
" The only true and just interpretaiion
which can be given to Dr. Drew's resolu
tions is that he and his adherents reoudiaie
the dectrine that a sworn representative of
uic people can be a democrat and obey tbe
wisnes oi inose wnom he represents in the
legislative councils, where an informal vote
01 8Cucus ot the members of his party
",u,,-'"eu opposition w mose wishes."
mm u ijuuiuuuii irom I iib vrcgo
DlaD 18 representation, Wr. liush thinks.
,. ,i ,i ., ,i i r
caucus, and that the decision thereof unon
... ... ,. , ...
them binds the representatives of the par
ty. lie then reads the fnmous resolu
tio Bn( ,dJ . v.. . j. .... .j
auout leeidation Droncr of anv kind, not
even that of a party character. The nom-
inaflons for offica on ara rererred to."
if Mr. Bush is not able to answer an
argument, it must be admitted he has
heard the old cry of "stop thief," that he
knows the value of diverting attention from
the subject at issue. I have read the re
marks ef the Standard and Oregonian re
ferred to, and I am unable to see any indi
cation of injustice. The resolution should
be read often. Let us have it here :
"Resolved. That wa rnnudinla lti Ann.
V10 or. VJ.m8ln om ?aucus or C0Bvetn-
tinn nf his niirtn anrl rfitA in annnnn tUA
nominati()ns ,,' r and gti mJLla hi.
standing as a democrat."
Now does not this assert for tbe party
caucus a supremacy over the people f We
examine. In our idea of democracy we
see in the legislator the people who elect
him. His duties embrace making laws,
and tbe election of certain legislative, ter-
ritorial, State, or national officers. In rot-
ing for any officer, is he not as much the
people who elect him, or their servant, as
when engaged in making a law I If so,
what then is Mr. Bush's excuse that the
?a" 01 " avuei T,z: mauers Periam
to elee!.'o of officers I It substantially
amounti Jcthis: grandfathers were
guilty of "wilful pefTersion" teoue ihey
complained of a little duty on withou'!
the right ef representation in Parliament.
Had friend Bush lived in Boston in those
days, he probably would have saved all
that tea thrown to the fishes. "Why,
look here," he would have said, " the Brit
ish government baa not taxed tobacco or
whisky, and there is nd ties of so ' much
small fry indignation and twattle.' " But
it happened Mr. Bush was not there, and
our brave old fathers had no more Sense
than to reason after this wise : "If we sof
ter England td tax our tea without resist;
ance tu? w7 ' P" ,0 Be0erl taxation.
If we lose our r.t here, all our rights are
lost We have the prie to gain or
lose in the first experiment" Thank you,
good men, for that reasoning. Thank you,
that vou preferred to fight for ths liberties
of our children rather than dwell open
the question, Will it Fsy ! " o tare . !
T -i t n
OREGON CITY, OREGON, JUNE 20, 1857.
and office under the mother government
Friend Bush may call you fools, but
would recommend similar reasoning to the
people of Oregon.
If the outside caucus can rule the action
of representative in the legislative hall,
in one thing or upon one occasion, may it
not do so upon another! If a caucus of
any part of the members of the democratic
party can compel a representative of the
people of any district to vote against tbeir
"wishes or funded interests," may not a
caucus of the Methodist church compel a
representative to serve its interests in the
same way! What kind of a mouth would
friend Bush make, if the church should
instruct one of its members, a legislator, to
vote for a Sunday law, the Maine law, or
even to voto for a certain Methodist for
Senator in Congress, under penalty of not
maintaining his standing as a Methodist ?
No doubt that would alter the case in his
mind. But I defy abler minds than his to
show that any party, combination, or men
have any more right to intorfere with the
duties of a legislator, one than another,
"The nominations for office only are re
ferred to." Yes, sir, I have observed that
the "offices" attract more attention than
sound legislation. I agree with you, Mr,
Bush, that very little attention is paid to
the principles a man holds, or his character
either, in considering his qualifications for
a party democrat A man may advocate
alavery for Oregon or not ; be may shout
glory to Preston Brooks, or go so far on the
other hand as to say " tbe Senate was not
the proper place to give tho correction" ;
he may love the Union in the North, or if
dissatisfied with an election in the South,
he may recommend a march to Washing'
ton and a seizure of the Government funds',
be may b6 a duelist, a drunkard, or a Meth
odist, and yet be a good democrat, provided
he is right on the resolutions pertaining to
"offices." But the reason for this pecu
liarity is not hid under a bushel. Tho
loaves and Ashes, the shining dollars, an
swer here to the question, " Will it pay f"
I knew one strong democratio hold lo
elect a notorious abolitionist roaster of roads,
nd two freesoilers school directors. Why
elect such men when there are so many
competent democrats" t Ah 1 there is no
heavy patronage," as friend Bush calls it.
Give these offices each 61,000 a year,
would freesoilers, "midnight assassins," or
abolitionists be any longer competent to
act ? Not at all. as any sensible and honest
man will admit. Let the interests of the
arty require that certain county lines be
so changed that where there is but one
county democratic, and two ef the opposi
tion, three substantial democratio counties
may be made, and thero will be no lack of
resolutions to meet the end. It must be
admitted that an attempt to gag the people
in one case, is equivalent in principle to
taking away their rights in many. Nor is
the resolution an abstraction, as some of
our democratic friends say of the Declara
tion of Independence, but it is a law, a
practical discipline, like unto that of the
Roman Army" or Brigbam Young of
Utah. It carries with it the penalty of
taking off the democratic bead so that tho
subject cannot go to Cengress. The pun
ishment is greater than the mere party pol
itician can bear, hence the effect of Ihe law.
Now can I be a democrat and support
the leading men, who not only deny the
right of the people to govern in a given
ease, but appeal to the pocket, the love of
office, to enforce such denial I Not so.
Demo, the people, ocracy, a government by;
democracy means a government by the
people. Therefore what is called democ
racy is really anfi-democracy. Bush,
Shiel, Grover, Lane, Williams, Smith, are
prominent anti-democrats. No common
sense logic can work any other conclusion
from tbe premises they furnish in tbeir
party acts and resolutions. If they can be
honest and yet be anti-democratic, 1 have
nothing more to say than this : Gentlemen,
you are anti-democratic in principle,
ease assume the name. I am a demo
crat, and when I tell people so I do not
ish to be mistaken for one of you. Much
trouble arises from different apples having
the same name. Then there is a great
propriety in each assuming the name
which signifies the principles held.
" Sink or swim, survive or perish," I ad
vise you to advocate witheut circumlocu
tion that you are opposed to government
by the people. Give tbe hand as well as
the heart to anti-democracy.
Sound Dehociat.
Libertyville, June 15, 1857.
P. S. Perhaps lemi-democracy, or quar-wn-democracy,
would answer as an appel
lation for our friends, for a few years, un
til the party progresses some further.
But should the progress be as rapid the
next few years as in ths last ten, it would
hardly be worth while to bother with this
last suggestion. 8-1-
at- 4n.t;nn.a.idh.lik.JB0DleMure
but that which concerned a man's true
v- rr . .
bsppicess,
tv l 3
Te Laaa-Owacrt.
Orricc or mi Ixmwiunt Aid Asmcmtiok,
Ban Franeiico, 100 Moalgoaxry Si., 1857
Sir; We take the liberty to address
you, supposing that you have lauds for
sale ; if you havo not, please oblige us by
transfering this lo some one who has.
One important object of this Association
is, To arrange and provide for persons
and families as they may arrive, lands up.
on whioh, without unnecessary inconvenl
ence or loss of time, they may settle, and
which they may cultivate and otrn at the
lowest price. To effect this, it is proposed
lo have, at the Office ef the Association, a
large Skeleton Map of tho State, showing
at a glance the location, and outline shape
or survey, of the various ranches that may
be registered with the Association and of
fered for sale on reasonable terms and con
ditions.
To facilitate and expedite the iminl
grant buyor that we aim to protect and as
sist, and that ws may confidently recom
mend to and advise him, this Association
proposes to receive, in advance, inferma
tion from the ranch owners as to what
lands they offer, with all needed parlies
lars.
In following the successful example of
similar Associations in the Eastern and
Western States, in Australia and elsewhere
by aiding the best class of farming labor
ers to settle, colonize, and own lands, if we
are successful in populating the abundant
vacant lands around us, we certainly do
serve not only them, but also the transpor
tation interest, the trading interest, the
consumers, and the State nt large.
After the requisite short time for per
fecting the Map and Register, if properly
responded to and encouraged, it will be the
object of the Committee of Emigration in
New York, and of the Association in this
City, to direct immigrants to those locali
ties, other things being equal, where the
land owners offer the most liberal terms to
the settler.
You will readily perceive that the ten
dency of our effort cannot work any inju
ry, but must be very favorable to you, and
that they justly claim your prompt and
hearty co-operation.
JtST If) sir, you fiud it to your interest,
or feel disposed to have your lands, or any
portion of them, indicated upon our said
Map and Register as for sale, you will
please furnish us at the earliest possible
moment your address, the quantity, loca
tion, quality, and adaptation of your land,
the title, the lowest price per acre for the
entire tract or any portion thereof, the
easiest terms for tbe buyer, and suoh i
plat or sketch of tbe tract, with its boar
ings or direction and distance from known
places, as will enable us to locate it upon
the general map.
Any proposals by you lo sell, may of
course be withdrawn at your pleasure at
any time before a sale. If you have an
Agent in this city or vicinity, who can act,
or convey for you in ease of need, please
state bis address.
If you have a large tract to dispose, we
would simply suggest, whether it would
not be to your interest to propose such
torms through us as will encourage a de
sirable colony within your lands whether
t will not be profitable to you to donate
every alternate or an occasional quarter
section, one hundred acres, or fifty acres,
or to offer them so low as to induce and
secure to you a population, and thus large
ly increase the value of the remainder.
Will you be kind enough lo communicate
this request to other land-owners of your
acquaintance, that they also may have the
benefit of our plan, and that the execution
of it, so valuable to you and them, may
not be delayed.
Wailing your early reply,
We are your obedient servants,
E. F.Northam,
J. II. Saunders,
Jacob R. Snyder,
J. II. Puiiitt,
Committee in behalf of the Immigrant
Aid Association.
P. S. Please direct to J. II. Purkitt,
Corresponding Secretary.
The Better Land. Our relatives in
eternity outnumber our relatives in time.
The catalogue of the living ws love be
comes less, and in anticipation we see the
perpetual lightning-train of the departed ;
and by their flight our affections grow
gradually less glued to earth and more al
lied to heaven. It is not in vain that the
image of our departed children, and near
and dear ones, are laid up in memory, as in
a picture gallery, from which the ceaseless
surge of ihis world's cares cannot obliteiate
them. They wail there for ths light of
the resurrection day, to stand forth holy,
beautiful, and happy our fellow-worship,
ers forever.
(T Most of the tin used jo this country
is imported from England, whose tin mines
supplied the ancient Phoenicians. Du
nngtbeyearenaingsoiii oi june.isao,
.. , ...... . j .i.r
tne value oi ine nn imponeu jmo mis
country was vooiiz,
it i . - e m .1
me Blue 01 a. rum m every issue.
No. 10.
For til Argus.
lave Laker er Tree Laker.
No. II.
PRO-SLAVERY ASSUMPTIONS,
Ws find, in a pamphlet of sixteen pages,
printed at ths Congressional Globe office
in Washington a speech on the bill to admit
Kansas as a Slate under the Topoka Con
stitulion, purporting to have been deliver
ed in the House of Representatives, June
28th, 1850, by Alexander II. Stephens of
Georgia, who must therefore bear tbe re
sponsibility for it, whether or not it were
actually dolivered as printed, and whether
or not he be considered its author.
This speech refers to Kansas, and at
tempts, by an ingenious mixture of as
sumption and argument, to show that slave
ry may properly be established there. But
since some persons have thought it so fur
adapted to the existing stnto of things in
Oregon as to distribute largo quantities of
H in different sections of this Territory, it
may be wvll briefly to examine both its as
sumptions and its arguments, so fur as they
attempt the justification of slavery.
The portion of this speech which at
tempts lo prove the rightfulness of slave-
holding is very brief, consistiug morely of
couple of pages at its close ; but an
elaborate attempt is made, through its
whole previous part, to prepare the way
for this argument, by the simple process
of tsking for granted most of the matters
in debate. Thus Mr. Alexander. II. Ste
phens assumes, with an air implying that
every well-informed person must at once
agree with him, with a quiet assurance thai
could not be exceeded even if ths things
were true, tho following points.
. rf .. .... .
i. no assumes tuai mis nation is en
joying a highly satisfactory state of in
ternal concord, quletnees and prosperity.
" The gentleman from Ohio TMr, Camp
bell said the other day, and airain says,
that the passage of the Nebraska bill was
the origin of all the troubles in Ike coun
try. Sir, what troubles does he allude to t
What troubles have we upon us f Stand
ing in my place in the Hall of the lltpre-
sentatives of the United States, I ask today,
what troubles is the country laboring un
tier! Were any people of the world ever
mors prosperous than the people of the
United States now are I" p. 6.
As if the stump speakers and political
presses of his own party had not been and
were not at that moment shrieking againet
what they declared) tbe imminent peril of
Disunion, and the anarchy and absolute
ruin which (they said) would follow in its
train, as loudly as the Ropublicana shriek
ed' against slavery in Kansas 1 As if,
whelhor in peril or not, the whole country
had not been in tumult, about tbe ext n-
sion of slavery t As if, only a month be
fore, one oi his brother Representatives
had net found their common cause and in
terest, slavery, so far beyond help from ar
gument that he trusted its defence to club
law and attempted assassination, within
the very walls of the Capitol I As if,
while one-half the nation were stamping
this deed with its appropriate torms of re
probation, and finding in it a nearer ap
proach than they had yet recognized to
the need of a dissolution of the Union, the
other half, Mr. Stephens' friends and col
leagues, had not been triumphant in the
act, and showering gifts and congratula
tions upon the perpetrator I
3. lie assumes that a large number of
people who were born and always lived,
in this country, and whose parents were
born, and have always lived iu this country,
and of whose blood one half, or three quar
ters, or seven-elgbllis, comes from the 'first
families' in Virginia and Georgia, are
Africans" 1 Facetious Mr. Stephens !
lie will have his little joke, Dut it proves
to be something more or less than a joke to
the persons thus commented on, for
3. lie assumes that the persons in this
country thus conclusively settled to be Afri
cans well as those who are ranked as such
merely on the old-fashioned evidence of pa
rentage, birth and education in Africa,
have no rights at all ; not only no such
liberty as the Declaration of Independence
declares to be tbe inalienable right of
every man, but no liberty at all ; no liber.
ty to seek and pursue an honest occupation;
no liberty to change their residence when
they find it unhealthy er undesirable ; no
liberty to marry ; no liberty to live with a
temporary husband or wife without per
mission from some friend of Mr. Stephens;
no right to keep the temporary wife, if
Mr. Stephens's friend takes a fancy to her
himself; no right lo bring up decently
and honestly any children which, ths tem
porary wife may have borne, if Mr Ste-
phens s friend wants them for himself; in
short, no right to be, or to do, anything
whatever, without permission from his ex
alted personage, whose right to monopo-
lize ths rights of both parties, Mr. Ste
phens thus pithily seta forth :
M Where, then, is the wrong of this
bill t It consists in nothing but permitt
ing the freemen of our own raeo to settle
ibis question of tba status of ths African
amongst themselves, as Ihey in their wis
dom and patriotism may lb ink best for the
happiness of both raes. p. 7.
AIM r.lvl Inllll KA lbH.
One m liars (19 Una or km) on liner lino, 3fl0
" M Iwii IiwerliiHW, 4,00
" - Dime lim rtirtu, (1,00
Each tulawqucoi luwrtiau, 1, 1)0
Reawotble dtductkms to Ukm who advvrti by
the year.
JOB PRINTING.
Ths raoraisToa at ths ARGUN is sum
lo Inform lli jxiblie that he hu just rwtlvtd a
large stock of JOB TVl'K aud oilier new prist
inf material, end will bt io Uie Jy rocciut ut
adilitioni niiti-d to all llie ruiriiienUi at Ihis If
AMlilu II a v mil I I u WMTl'IrM III IVL'U
CAKDS, CIKCTLAIW, PAMi'llI.KT-VoKhi
and other kinds, done to ordtr, oi aliort nolle.
" Our own race !'' What a certificate
of merit, what patent of nobility is can
tained in (boss words! And what a pity
that might does not accompsny right in
this wsrld! Then the worthy people of
Malacca and Sumatra, who used formerly
to act upon Mr. Stephens's rule, sometimes
by stabbing and drowning, sometimes by '
broiling and eating, such strangling parties
of foreign races (Africans to them) as
rovidnntially came in their way, would
aot have been so unmercifully peppered for
it by retaliatory ships of war. Had they
not a right to determine the status of aliens
foreigners, people of a difforent race and
color, who, with or without compulsion,
came amongst thorn I
If they, in tbeir wisdom and patriotism,
thought it best for the happiness of both
races that they should eat ths foreigners,
nd if the foreigners, when eaten, did not
disagree with them, where was the harm I
To look at " our own race" from an
other point of view what purity, what un.
mixed aboriginal excellence, are implied in
that expression. " Our own race," in the
case of Mr. Stephens and his friends, .
shows a pure, unmixed stream of Angle
Saxon, Norman, Celtic, Scandinavian, .
Teutonic, Milesian, Cambrian, Caledonian,
Swiss, Jewish, Hessian, Bavarian, Hunga
rian, and Everythingarian blood, the true
red blood, (scarlet in the arteries and pur .
pie in ths veins, in both cases unmistakably ,
royal in color,) which marks the high
caste, the superior race, ths eminently no
ble and mealy character. Prick ens of
these men, and the red blood appears at
ones to convince you.
Now although, if ws should descend to
the level of considering those vulgar things
called facts, we should undoubtedly find it
true that the noble Georgian blood and ths
noble Alabamian blood are each accus
tomed to mix oftener with tho despised
African blood (that is, with the whits fe
male natives of those States who are theo
retically designated Africans) than with
each other, this danger to our theory of
purs blood may be avoided in either of
two ways. First by ignoring the faots
and saying nothing about them whatever,
and next by aaying that which is not ; de
nying the mixture, and accounting for the
whits Africans by the influence of climate ;
just as you may call the cow's tuil a tog,
and say she has five legs, if you choose to
take ths natural consequences of that way
of speaking.
After all, this Guo theory of Mr. Ste
phens, of the right of "our own raoe" ts
Ignore all rights on the part of a minority
resident among us alleged to be foreign
and so alleged none the less pertinaciously
in the teeth of opposing facts is subject
to this slight inconvenience, that, while
each nation continues to think better of
itself than ef its neighbors, thelfaeory au
thorizes each to decide the status of any
unfortunate minority of either of the oth.
ers which may full within its power, and
use up such minority, by working, hang
ing, or eatiag, in such Way as the stronger,
io its wisdom and patriotism, might think
best for the happiness of both. We sub
mit, with deference to Mr. Stephens's bet
tor judgment, that the universal adoption
of his rule would unpleasantly interfere
with cemmerce and foreign travel, not to
speak of the progress of civilization and
Christianity.
4, He assumes that, the slave being a
slave, it is, first, no injury, and next, a pos
itive benefit, to the slave himself, to work
him on now lands instead of old. (Wa
b that people who aro not conscious of
the possession of great intellectual keen
ness will attend very carefully to the fol
lowing quotation, lest they should fail to
answer Mr. Stephens in the manner he
desires.)
" Whom, I say did the bill wrong I
To whom did it dual any injustice I Was
it the slave, the African, whom his south
ern master might take there f How could
it be unjust even to him I Is not his eon.
dition as much bettered by new lands and
virgin soils as that of his master J" p, 7.
Now this is such a sort of statement as
superficial and narrow-minded peoplo, liko
the abolitionists, are wont to call impudent
aad preposterous. But when you look
carefully, closely, deeply into it, (assisting
the intellectual process by inclining tho
head slightly lo one side, compressing the
mouth, and half closing one eye,) you see
tbe practical difference whioh must exist,
and which tbs slaves, therofore must ap
preciate between having no rights on neu
land and having ne rights on old land ;
between being flogged on a wide fertile
Territory, and being flagged on a pins-barren
between having bis wife sold to tho
highest bidder on a broad prairie, and sold
to ths highest bidder la a narrow auction,
room ; between having his daughter tav.
ished oo a virgin soil, and ravished on an
old plantation so exhausted by slave labor
as to be bo longer worth cultivating; be
tween having no right to learn to read in
an expanding, increasing population, and
having bo right to tears. to rcsj yven. olJ, .