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About The Oregon Argus. (Oregon City [Or.]) 1855-1863 | View Entire Issue (June 20, 1857)
THE OREGON ARGUS, ftSMUISD ITIIT MTVtlMT NOKXIN0, BY WILLIAM L. ADAMS, TERNS Tki Atom will be furnithed at Tkrti Dollart and Fifty Cmti per annum, in advance, It tingle lubtcribtriTkrii Dalian tack ta etui of tin at ant tffietin advantt. WA tki money it not paid in adsance, four Vollari Kilt It tkarttd if eaid tnUkim ti montkt, and Fivtdollari alike mdoftke near. 3T Tieo Doiiari for lit mantki No tuburip. im rrnima jor mm period, fjf No paper ditcontinutd until all arrtaragtt are pom, umett 11 lue option oj I lie publiiher. lestmcrct, c at lb time 4 elhir Ytltra River. TLa Secretary of W.r, on the 25d of Januar. U.I. r.nli.,1 In . r.ll nf th. 1T.,.. of Representatives in recard to the fob ,..r ........... owlnir Innuiriei ! lit. The amount end value of the com- " merce of the Ohio and all oilier Western rivers; also, the navigable length of said nveri. 2,1. Th .mnnnt .nd v1 f th. ..nf .niH rl...r. Hi.i;..i.i.i.. as practicable, between aieamboata and other craft. 3d. The amount and value- of tho com merce and tonnage of all canals connect ed with said rivers. 4lh. The extent aud cost of the rail roads connecting with said rivers, and the cest of the equipments thereof: and also the number of tons of freight moved by .am raiiroacis, ana ma cost ot transports lllfl MAP nil a tin ft 6tL The relative value for military de- fensive purposes of the Western rivers, canals, and railroads, as now severally pro- vided with means of transportation. ine department was not prepared to an. awer in regard to all the points suggested, dui remamca mat "generally a may be safcly stated that our Western rivers, can. nls, and railroads have largely increased the military power of the Unitod States for oeiensive purposes, oy me laciiuics tbeir present means of transportation afford for the rapid and certain movement and con. ceotration of troops and supplies at most ot tue assailable points of the country." General Josup, the Quartermaster Gen. crai, remarks : l cart saieiy say that the rivers, canals, ana rai.roaas, w.m me.r present mean, or tmnsnnrtntintV tnUftn fnerathap Imea triAfa ihannuadrunU,! .!, miHmrv -r ,h Western Stales for dofensive purposes, by tue tacililies they allurd fur the rapid and cartiiin mnvnnimit nf Irnnni. iml nill!fni sunblies : for the relative military uavr of il.n Smin. i?' .. hers and menus as the nbilitv to concern- truto both where they are required to be used either for defence or otTence. Gen. Totten, chief engineer, answers more elaborately, and shows the relative value of railroads and canals, each useful in their way tho one where speed is de manded, tbe other where time is nut im portant, in point of economy. Dividing the country into four sections, he presents the mode of defending each by fortifica- tionsaud batteries and tho use of the fin- provomenta referred to. Ho concludes by Saying! Should a case occur whero the whola strength of the nation would be required because ' tho idea sought to be dissemina te repel nn attack, even greater than that ted" is " that all subjects of legislation are on Scbastopol, the rivers, canals, and rail- proper for the consideration of a nariv roads di the West, as means of transpor- ...!. .i.,v , r, taiion, would ufford important aid in mo ucfencc, bow Drougut Bentais lUe Sou. ; That a season of extreme drought so often occurring, and so injurious to our summer crops-should still prove benefi- ciai to ine sou, seems strange, but cl.em- leal science shows us that droughts are one of the material causes to restore the con stituents of crops, and renovate cultivated soils. Professor Iliggins remarks upon this subject to some extent in the " Mary land Slate Transactions"; we condense therefrom the main portions of this article Mineral matter is taken from the soil by tho crops grown upon it, and also carried away by the surface water flowing into trine that a representative or delegate can, streams, and thence carried to the sea. in pursuance of the wishes or fancied in These two causes, always in operation, un- fere,ts ef th.9 district he represents, go less counteracted by other influences, weuld J ' I m time render the earth a barren waste.- Jhe diminution which arises from the first cau.se is in part restored by manures, but not in all cases, and Providence has pro- vitted a way of its own to supply lost min- oral constituents needed in the growth of plants. At intervals droughts occur to bring up from the deep parts of the earth foed for the use of plants when the rains ahall again fall. The manner iu which droughts exercise their beneficial influences is as follows: Purine dry weather, a continual evapora- itiwn or !er tecs place n?m the surface party would control the legislator, and con f &cartk which is :? upplied J oy sequently the people he represents, only in from tbts clouds. The evaporai.C the surface creates a vacuum, (as far as the water is concerned,) which is at once filled by tfce water rising up from the sub soilthe water from the subsoil is replaced from th next below and in this manner the circulation or water in the earth is the reverse of that which takes place in wet weather. This progress td the surface of the water in the earth manifests itself stri kingly in the drying up of springJ and and streams which are supported by eprings. - - It is st, however, only the water which wbroBgtt to tLs surface ot lhe Mrth but aUo all which the water holds in o'ation; These substances are salts of lima and magnesia, of potash aad soda, and indeed whatever the subsoil or top strata ef the earth may contain. The water, on reach ioj the surface, is evaporated, and leaves behind in the toil its mineral salts, the .chief of which are lime, magnesia, phoa Hale of lime, sulphate of lime, earbonate Nj.ics9f potj;!i aad toJa and alio mm . A tVlrln Arnfironnn,. cvn.ijr ctoici, ucryicu k me i rincipies oi dt'iicnjonian .uemocrncy, anu ouvocuung You III. common salt all indispensable to the ro 'n "60,awa Pro,u1 I i . .t . ... . . . ,BnB' Br rBln wtt". M " falls, will UU- r n . , , " ,mn" Por,lon or ,ome r uui wnen it sinks into I il..-.. ...1..A .1 e. t . .1 I- . .L 1 . ... ,M0 e""u ,non ecuM "rongly imbued w,lu carbonlo acid from the decomposition of vegetable matter in the toil, and thus I nnii-fta th nrnnavtv r.f ,!:!.. -r-r-V w" ""'V ""6 '"'. u wmcn it uciore couiu nave very little influence Several experiments tried by Prof. II I go to show this action of drought in bring' ing matters to the surface of the soil. In one case he placed a solution of chloride of btriura in bottom of a glass cylin dor, and then filled it with dry soil. After long exposure to the rays of the sun, th surface of tLo ,oi, WM testtd whh , h I I rio1a1Lcid and Kave a coPiolu P'P11"" of 8U'Pnate of baryta. Chloride of lime, of and carbonate or potash were ox peri mented upon in like manner, and upon the application of proper tests, the surface of the soil showed their presence in large quantities, drawn up by the rising of wa. tor from underneath, as in tho case of drought. The parched earth every green thing dwarfed in growth or withered by lone. continued heat seems suffering under an afflictive dispensation of Providence 5 yet we should not murmur : it is a blessiug in disguise. The early and the latter rain may produce at once abundant crops, but dry weather is needed to briog to the sur- face food for future harvests from the depth 0f lLe eartb wh,re else woulJ be f 1 unoni Wd needed means of ke.ePinfi "P the fertiliiy of the cultivated FuT ' ArS'- uemocmy of tbe Amu kind, ln 11,0 Statesman of 10th of May, Mr, Bush labors to sustain the party against what he calls " wilful perversion" on the part of the Orcgonian and Standard. He quoted from the Staudard " The only true and just interpretaiion which can be given to Dr. Drew's resolu tions is that he and his adherents reoudiaie the dectrine that a sworn representative of uic people can be a democrat and obey tbe wisnes oi inose wnom he represents in the legislative councils, where an informal vote 01 8Cucus ot the members of his party ",u,,-'"eu opposition w mose wishes." mm u ijuuiuuuii irom I iib vrcgo DlaD 18 representation, Wr. liush thinks. ,. ,i ,i ., ,i i r caucus, and that the decision thereof unon ... ... ,. , ... them binds the representatives of the par ty. lie then reads the fnmous resolu tio Bn( ,dJ . v.. . j. .... .j auout leeidation Droncr of anv kind, not even that of a party character. The nom- inaflons for offica on ara rererred to." if Mr. Bush is not able to answer an argument, it must be admitted he has heard the old cry of "stop thief," that he knows the value of diverting attention from the subject at issue. I have read the re marks ef the Standard and Oregonian re ferred to, and I am unable to see any indi cation of injustice. The resolution should be read often. Let us have it here : "Resolved. That wa rnnudinla lti Ann. V10 or. VJ.m8ln om ?aucus or C0Bvetn- tinn nf his niirtn anrl rfitA in annnnn tUA nominati()ns ,,' r and gti mJLla hi. standing as a democrat." Now does not this assert for tbe party caucus a supremacy over the people f We examine. In our idea of democracy we see in the legislator the people who elect him. His duties embrace making laws, and tbe election of certain legislative, ter- ritorial, State, or national officers. In rot- ing for any officer, is he not as much the people who elect him, or their servant, as when engaged in making a law I If so, what then is Mr. Bush's excuse that the ?a" 01 " avuei T,z: mauers Periam to elee!.'o of officers I It substantially amounti Jcthis: grandfathers were guilty of "wilful pefTersion" teoue ihey complained of a little duty on withou'! the right ef representation in Parliament. Had friend Bush lived in Boston in those days, he probably would have saved all that tea thrown to the fishes. "Why, look here," he would have said, " the Brit ish government baa not taxed tobacco or whisky, and there is nd ties of so ' much small fry indignation and twattle.' " But it happened Mr. Bush was not there, and our brave old fathers had no more Sense than to reason after this wise : "If we sof ter England td tax our tea without resist; ance tu? w7 ' P" ,0 Be0erl taxation. If we lose our r.t here, all our rights are lost We have the prie to gain or lose in the first experiment" Thank you, good men, for that reasoning. Thank you, that vou preferred to fight for ths liberties of our children rather than dwell open the question, Will it Fsy ! " o tare . ! T -i t n OREGON CITY, OREGON, JUNE 20, 1857. and office under the mother government Friend Bush may call you fools, but would recommend similar reasoning to the people of Oregon. If the outside caucus can rule the action of representative in the legislative hall, in one thing or upon one occasion, may it not do so upon another! If a caucus of any part of the members of the democratic party can compel a representative of the people of any district to vote against tbeir "wishes or funded interests," may not a caucus of the Methodist church compel a representative to serve its interests in the same way! What kind of a mouth would friend Bush make, if the church should instruct one of its members, a legislator, to vote for a Sunday law, the Maine law, or even to voto for a certain Methodist for Senator in Congress, under penalty of not maintaining his standing as a Methodist ? No doubt that would alter the case in his mind. But I defy abler minds than his to show that any party, combination, or men have any more right to intorfere with the duties of a legislator, one than another, "The nominations for office only are re ferred to." Yes, sir, I have observed that the "offices" attract more attention than sound legislation. I agree with you, Mr, Bush, that very little attention is paid to the principles a man holds, or his character either, in considering his qualifications for a party democrat A man may advocate alavery for Oregon or not ; be may shout glory to Preston Brooks, or go so far on the other hand as to say " tbe Senate was not the proper place to give tho correction" ; he may love the Union in the North, or if dissatisfied with an election in the South, he may recommend a march to Washing' ton and a seizure of the Government funds', be may b6 a duelist, a drunkard, or a Meth odist, and yet be a good democrat, provided he is right on the resolutions pertaining to "offices." But the reason for this pecu liarity is not hid under a bushel. Tho loaves and Ashes, the shining dollars, an swer here to the question, " Will it pay f" I knew one strong democratio hold lo elect a notorious abolitionist roaster of roads, nd two freesoilers school directors. Why elect such men when there are so many competent democrats" t Ah 1 there is no heavy patronage," as friend Bush calls it. Give these offices each 61,000 a year, would freesoilers, "midnight assassins," or abolitionists be any longer competent to act ? Not at all. as any sensible and honest man will admit. Let the interests of the arty require that certain county lines be so changed that where there is but one county democratic, and two ef the opposi tion, three substantial democratio counties may be made, and thero will be no lack of resolutions to meet the end. It must be admitted that an attempt to gag the people in one case, is equivalent in principle to taking away their rights in many. Nor is the resolution an abstraction, as some of our democratic friends say of the Declara tion of Independence, but it is a law, a practical discipline, like unto that of the Roman Army" or Brigbam Young of Utah. It carries with it the penalty of taking off the democratic bead so that tho subject cannot go to Cengress. The pun ishment is greater than the mere party pol itician can bear, hence the effect of Ihe law. Now can I be a democrat and support the leading men, who not only deny the right of the people to govern in a given ease, but appeal to the pocket, the love of office, to enforce such denial I Not so. Demo, the people, ocracy, a government by; democracy means a government by the people. Therefore what is called democ racy is really anfi-democracy. Bush, Shiel, Grover, Lane, Williams, Smith, are prominent anti-democrats. No common sense logic can work any other conclusion from tbe premises they furnish in tbeir party acts and resolutions. If they can be honest and yet be anti-democratic, 1 have nothing more to say than this : Gentlemen, you are anti-democratic in principle, ease assume the name. I am a demo crat, and when I tell people so I do not ish to be mistaken for one of you. Much trouble arises from different apples having the same name. Then there is a great propriety in each assuming the name which signifies the principles held. " Sink or swim, survive or perish," I ad vise you to advocate witheut circumlocu tion that you are opposed to government by the people. Give tbe hand as well as the heart to anti-democracy. Sound Dehociat. Libertyville, June 15, 1857. P. S. Perhaps lemi-democracy, or quar-wn-democracy, would answer as an appel lation for our friends, for a few years, un til the party progresses some further. But should the progress be as rapid the next few years as in ths last ten, it would hardly be worth while to bother with this last suggestion. 8-1- at- 4n.t;nn.a.idh.lik.JB0DleMure but that which concerned a man's true v- rr . . bsppicess, tv l 3 Te Laaa-Owacrt. Orricc or mi Ixmwiunt Aid Asmcmtiok, Ban Franeiico, 100 Moalgoaxry Si., 1857 Sir; We take the liberty to address you, supposing that you have lauds for sale ; if you havo not, please oblige us by transfering this lo some one who has. One important object of this Association is, To arrange and provide for persons and families as they may arrive, lands up. on whioh, without unnecessary inconvenl ence or loss of time, they may settle, and which they may cultivate and otrn at the lowest price. To effect this, it is proposed lo have, at the Office ef the Association, a large Skeleton Map of tho State, showing at a glance the location, and outline shape or survey, of the various ranches that may be registered with the Association and of fered for sale on reasonable terms and con ditions. To facilitate and expedite the iminl grant buyor that we aim to protect and as sist, and that ws may confidently recom mend to and advise him, this Association proposes to receive, in advance, inferma tion from the ranch owners as to what lands they offer, with all needed parlies lars. In following the successful example of similar Associations in the Eastern and Western States, in Australia and elsewhere by aiding the best class of farming labor ers to settle, colonize, and own lands, if we are successful in populating the abundant vacant lands around us, we certainly do serve not only them, but also the transpor tation interest, the trading interest, the consumers, and the State nt large. After the requisite short time for per fecting the Map and Register, if properly responded to and encouraged, it will be the object of the Committee of Emigration in New York, and of the Association in this City, to direct immigrants to those locali ties, other things being equal, where the land owners offer the most liberal terms to the settler. You will readily perceive that the ten dency of our effort cannot work any inju ry, but must be very favorable to you, and that they justly claim your prompt and hearty co-operation. JtST If) sir, you fiud it to your interest, or feel disposed to have your lands, or any portion of them, indicated upon our said Map and Register as for sale, you will please furnish us at the earliest possible moment your address, the quantity, loca tion, quality, and adaptation of your land, the title, the lowest price per acre for the entire tract or any portion thereof, the easiest terms for tbe buyer, and suoh i plat or sketch of tbe tract, with its boar ings or direction and distance from known places, as will enable us to locate it upon the general map. Any proposals by you lo sell, may of course be withdrawn at your pleasure at any time before a sale. If you have an Agent in this city or vicinity, who can act, or convey for you in ease of need, please state bis address. If you have a large tract to dispose, we would simply suggest, whether it would not be to your interest to propose such torms through us as will encourage a de sirable colony within your lands whether t will not be profitable to you to donate every alternate or an occasional quarter section, one hundred acres, or fifty acres, or to offer them so low as to induce and secure to you a population, and thus large ly increase the value of the remainder. Will you be kind enough lo communicate this request to other land-owners of your acquaintance, that they also may have the benefit of our plan, and that the execution of it, so valuable to you and them, may not be delayed. Wailing your early reply, We are your obedient servants, E. F.Northam, J. II. Saunders, Jacob R. Snyder, J. II. Puiiitt, Committee in behalf of the Immigrant Aid Association. P. S. Please direct to J. II. Purkitt, Corresponding Secretary. The Better Land. Our relatives in eternity outnumber our relatives in time. The catalogue of the living ws love be comes less, and in anticipation we see the perpetual lightning-train of the departed ; and by their flight our affections grow gradually less glued to earth and more al lied to heaven. It is not in vain that the image of our departed children, and near and dear ones, are laid up in memory, as in a picture gallery, from which the ceaseless surge of ihis world's cares cannot obliteiate them. They wail there for ths light of the resurrection day, to stand forth holy, beautiful, and happy our fellow-worship, ers forever. (T Most of the tin used jo this country is imported from England, whose tin mines supplied the ancient Phoenicians. Du nngtbeyearenaingsoiii oi june.isao, .. , ...... . j .i.r tne value oi ine nn imponeu jmo mis country was vooiiz, it i . - e m .1 me Blue 01 a. rum m every issue. No. 10. For til Argus. lave Laker er Tree Laker. No. II. PRO-SLAVERY ASSUMPTIONS, Ws find, in a pamphlet of sixteen pages, printed at ths Congressional Globe office in Washington a speech on the bill to admit Kansas as a Slate under the Topoka Con stitulion, purporting to have been deliver ed in the House of Representatives, June 28th, 1850, by Alexander II. Stephens of Georgia, who must therefore bear tbe re sponsibility for it, whether or not it were actually dolivered as printed, and whether or not he be considered its author. This speech refers to Kansas, and at tempts, by an ingenious mixture of as sumption and argument, to show that slave ry may properly be established there. But since some persons have thought it so fur adapted to the existing stnto of things in Oregon as to distribute largo quantities of H in different sections of this Territory, it may be wvll briefly to examine both its as sumptions and its arguments, so fur as they attempt the justification of slavery. The portion of this speech which at tempts lo prove the rightfulness of slave- holding is very brief, consistiug morely of couple of pages at its close ; but an elaborate attempt is made, through its whole previous part, to prepare the way for this argument, by the simple process of tsking for granted most of the matters in debate. Thus Mr. Alexander. II. Ste phens assumes, with an air implying that every well-informed person must at once agree with him, with a quiet assurance thai could not be exceeded even if ths things were true, tho following points. . rf .. .... . i. no assumes tuai mis nation is en joying a highly satisfactory state of in ternal concord, quletnees and prosperity. " The gentleman from Ohio TMr, Camp bell said the other day, and airain says, that the passage of the Nebraska bill was the origin of all the troubles in Ike coun try. Sir, what troubles does he allude to t What troubles have we upon us f Stand ing in my place in the Hall of the lltpre- sentatives of the United States, I ask today, what troubles is the country laboring un tier! Were any people of the world ever mors prosperous than the people of the United States now are I" p. 6. As if the stump speakers and political presses of his own party had not been and were not at that moment shrieking againet what they declared) tbe imminent peril of Disunion, and the anarchy and absolute ruin which (they said) would follow in its train, as loudly as the Ropublicana shriek ed' against slavery in Kansas 1 As if, whelhor in peril or not, the whole country had not been in tumult, about tbe ext n- sion of slavery t As if, only a month be fore, one oi his brother Representatives had net found their common cause and in terest, slavery, so far beyond help from ar gument that he trusted its defence to club law and attempted assassination, within the very walls of the Capitol I As if, while one-half the nation were stamping this deed with its appropriate torms of re probation, and finding in it a nearer ap proach than they had yet recognized to the need of a dissolution of the Union, the other half, Mr. Stephens' friends and col leagues, had not been triumphant in the act, and showering gifts and congratula tions upon the perpetrator I 3. lie assumes that a large number of people who were born and always lived, in this country, and whose parents were born, and have always lived iu this country, and of whose blood one half, or three quar ters, or seven-elgbllis, comes from the 'first families' in Virginia and Georgia, are Africans" 1 Facetious Mr. Stephens ! lie will have his little joke, Dut it proves to be something more or less than a joke to the persons thus commented on, for 3. lie assumes that the persons in this country thus conclusively settled to be Afri cans well as those who are ranked as such merely on the old-fashioned evidence of pa rentage, birth and education in Africa, have no rights at all ; not only no such liberty as the Declaration of Independence declares to be tbe inalienable right of every man, but no liberty at all ; no liber. ty to seek and pursue an honest occupation; no liberty to change their residence when they find it unhealthy er undesirable ; no liberty to marry ; no liberty to live with a temporary husband or wife without per mission from some friend of Mr. Stephens; no right to keep the temporary wife, if Mr. Stephens's friend takes a fancy to her himself; no right lo bring up decently and honestly any children which, ths tem porary wife may have borne, if Mr Ste- phens s friend wants them for himself; in short, no right to be, or to do, anything whatever, without permission from his ex alted personage, whose right to monopo- lize ths rights of both parties, Mr. Ste phens thus pithily seta forth : M Where, then, is the wrong of this bill t It consists in nothing but permitt ing the freemen of our own raeo to settle ibis question of tba status of ths African amongst themselves, as Ihey in their wis dom and patriotism may lb ink best for the happiness of both raes. p. 7. AIM r.lvl Inllll KA lbH. One m liars (19 Una or km) on liner lino, 3fl0 " M Iwii IiwerliiHW, 4,00 " - Dime lim rtirtu, (1,00 Each tulawqucoi luwrtiau, 1, 1)0 Reawotble dtductkms to Ukm who advvrti by the year. JOB PRINTING. Ths raoraisToa at ths ARGUN is sum lo Inform lli jxiblie that he hu just rwtlvtd a large stock of JOB TVl'K aud oilier new prist inf material, end will bt io Uie Jy rocciut ut adilitioni niiti-d to all llie ruiriiienUi at Ihis If AMlilu II a v mil I I u WMTl'IrM III IVL'U CAKDS, CIKCTLAIW, PAMi'llI.KT-VoKhi and other kinds, done to ordtr, oi aliort nolle. " Our own race !'' What a certificate of merit, what patent of nobility is can tained in (boss words! And what a pity that might does not accompsny right in this wsrld! Then the worthy people of Malacca and Sumatra, who used formerly to act upon Mr. Stephens's rule, sometimes by stabbing and drowning, sometimes by ' broiling and eating, such strangling parties of foreign races (Africans to them) as rovidnntially came in their way, would aot have been so unmercifully peppered for it by retaliatory ships of war. Had they not a right to determine the status of aliens foreigners, people of a difforent race and color, who, with or without compulsion, came amongst thorn I If they, in tbeir wisdom and patriotism, thought it best for the happiness of both races that they should eat ths foreigners, nd if the foreigners, when eaten, did not disagree with them, where was the harm I To look at " our own race" from an other point of view what purity, what un. mixed aboriginal excellence, are implied in that expression. " Our own race," in the case of Mr. Stephens and his friends, . shows a pure, unmixed stream of Angle Saxon, Norman, Celtic, Scandinavian, . Teutonic, Milesian, Cambrian, Caledonian, Swiss, Jewish, Hessian, Bavarian, Hunga rian, and Everythingarian blood, the true red blood, (scarlet in the arteries and pur . pie in ths veins, in both cases unmistakably , royal in color,) which marks the high caste, the superior race, ths eminently no ble and mealy character. Prick ens of these men, and the red blood appears at ones to convince you. Now although, if ws should descend to the level of considering those vulgar things called facts, we should undoubtedly find it true that the noble Georgian blood and ths noble Alabamian blood are each accus tomed to mix oftener with tho despised African blood (that is, with the whits fe male natives of those States who are theo retically designated Africans) than with each other, this danger to our theory of purs blood may be avoided in either of two ways. First by ignoring the faots and saying nothing about them whatever, and next by aaying that which is not ; de nying the mixture, and accounting for the whits Africans by the influence of climate ; just as you may call the cow's tuil a tog, and say she has five legs, if you choose to take ths natural consequences of that way of speaking. After all, this Guo theory of Mr. Ste phens, of the right of "our own raoe" ts Ignore all rights on the part of a minority resident among us alleged to be foreign and so alleged none the less pertinaciously in the teeth of opposing facts is subject to this slight inconvenience, that, while each nation continues to think better of itself than ef its neighbors, thelfaeory au thorizes each to decide the status of any unfortunate minority of either of the oth. ers which may full within its power, and use up such minority, by working, hang ing, or eatiag, in such Way as the stronger, io its wisdom and patriotism, might think best for the happiness of both. We sub mit, with deference to Mr. Stephens's bet tor judgment, that the universal adoption of his rule would unpleasantly interfere with cemmerce and foreign travel, not to speak of the progress of civilization and Christianity. 4, He assumes that, the slave being a slave, it is, first, no injury, and next, a pos itive benefit, to the slave himself, to work him on now lands instead of old. (Wa b that people who aro not conscious of the possession of great intellectual keen ness will attend very carefully to the fol lowing quotation, lest they should fail to answer Mr. Stephens in the manner he desires.) " Whom, I say did the bill wrong I To whom did it dual any injustice I Was it the slave, the African, whom his south ern master might take there f How could it be unjust even to him I Is not his eon. dition as much bettered by new lands and virgin soils as that of his master J" p, 7. Now this is such a sort of statement as superficial and narrow-minded peoplo, liko the abolitionists, are wont to call impudent aad preposterous. But when you look carefully, closely, deeply into it, (assisting the intellectual process by inclining tho head slightly lo one side, compressing the mouth, and half closing one eye,) you see tbe practical difference whioh must exist, and which tbs slaves, therofore must ap preciate between having no rights on neu land and having ne rights on old land ; between being flogged on a wide fertile Territory, and being flagged on a pins-barren between having bis wife sold to tho highest bidder on a broad prairie, and sold to ths highest bidder la a narrow auction, room ; between having his daughter tav. ished oo a virgin soil, and ravished on an old plantation so exhausted by slave labor as to be bo longer worth cultivating; be tween having no right to learn to read in an expanding, increasing population, and having bo right to tears. to rcsj yven. olJ, .