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7A THE DAILY ASTORIAN WEDNESDAY, MARCH 2, 2016 Wildlife secrets revealed with advanced tracking tools Hard-to-study animals easier to spy on now By KEITH RIDLER Associated Press Chris Park/AP Photo Four killer whales leap out of the water while perform- ing during SeaWorld’s Shamu show in San Diego in 2006. SeaWorld is acknowledging that it sent a work- er to infiltrate animal rights groups who opposed the theme park. SeaWorld Entertainment CEO Joel Manby said Thursday that the company will no longer use the practice to spy on opponents. SeaWorld says it planted worker in animal rights group By MIKE SCHNEIDER Associated Press ORLANDO, Fla. — Sea- World acknowledged that it Vent itV own workerV to in¿l- trate an animal rights group which opposed the practices of the theme park. The development comes months after People for the Ethical Treatment of Ani- mals accused a SeaWorld employee of trying to incite violence while posing as a fellow animal rights activist. SeaWorld Entertainment CEO Joel Manby vowed Thursday to end the prac- tice, but said that it had sent its employees to protect the safety of its employees and customers. “We recognize the need to ensure that all of our secu- rity and other activities align with our core values and eth- ical standards,” Manby said. However, the com- pany refused to say who had authorized the in¿ltra- tion, how long it had been going on, or how many workers were used to in¿l- trate animal rights groups or other opponents. SeaWorld spokeswoman Aimee Jean- sonne %ecka cited the con¿- dential nature of its security practices. The employee at the cen- ter of the accusations by PETA, Paul McComb, is still employed by SeaWorld but working in another department, the company said Thursday. PETA said last sum- mer that its own investiga- tion revealed that McComb, a human resource worker, attempted to incite protest- ers and had posted incen- diary comments on social media while masquerading as an animal-rights activist since 2012. PETA of¿cials said Thursday that SeaWor- ld¶s refusal to ¿re McComb shows that it condones cor- porate spying. The group has been especially vocal in its criticism of SeaWorld since the 2013 documentary, “%lack¿sh,” suggested the treatment of captive orcas provokes violent behavior. Park attendance dropped after the release of the doc- umentary, which chronicled events at the park leading up to the death of a SeaWorld trainer in 2010. “The tawdry orca side- shows and despicable spy- ing tactics are sinking Sea- World’s ship,” said Tracy Reiman, PETA’s executive vice president. SeaWorld could face civil, and even criminal, legal exposure depending on the information it obtained from McComb about PETA and what the company did with the information, said Sharon Sandeen, a law professor at Mitchell Hamline School of Law in St. Paul, Minnesota. THE DAILY ASTORIAN W EDNESDAY E VENING A L (2) (3) (-) (-) (6) (-) (8) (10) (12) (13) (-) (20) (-) (29) (30) (31) (32) (34) (35) (36) (38) (39) (43) (44) (45) (46) (47) (48) (49) (50) (51) (52) (53) (54) (56) (57) (58) (61) (63) (64) (65) (162) KATU KRCW KOMO KING KOIN KIRO KGW KOPB KPTV KPDX KCPQ TBS KZJO ESPN ESPN2 NICK DISN FAM FMC LIFE ROOT FS1 SPIKE COM HIST A&E TLC DISC NGEO TNT AMC USA FOOD HGTV FX CNN FNC CNBC BRAV TCM SYFY RFD (2) (3) (4) (5) (-) (7) (-) (10) (12) (-) (13) (20) (22) (29) (30) (31) (32) (34) (35) (36) (38) (39) (43) (44) (45) (46) (47) (48) (49) (50) (51) (52) (53) (54) (56) (57) (58) (61) (63) (64) (65) (162) BOISE, Idaho — Solar-powered trackers on wings have recorded Califor- nia condors soaring to 15,000 feet, while locators attached to humpback whales have revealed 1,000-foot dives to underwater mountains. And GPS collars on Yellowstone grizzly bears are giving new insights into one of the most studied large carnivore popu- lations in the world. Technological advances in recent years have allowed what could be the most inquisitive Earth dweller of them all, humans, to invent ever more ingenious tracking devices to ¿nd out what their fellow inhabitants are up to. “It’s a large ¿eld that’s developing very fast,” said Alex Zerbini, a research biol- ogist with the National Oce- anic and Atmospheric Admin- istration’s National Marine Mammal Laboratory in Seat- tle. “There are many types of tags being developed for many species of marine animals.” Scientists say the trove of information thanks to ever smaller, tougher and more powerful tracking devices is leading to discoveries that could be used to make better wildlife and habitat manage- ment decisions. The devices are also revealing the secret lives of hard-to-study animals. For example, Zerbini said, scientists recently discov- ered humpback whales div- ing to underwater moun- tains on a regular basis, and also making the dives during migrations. In Yellowstone National Park and the surrounding area, more sophisticated tracking devices on grizzly bears are providing information, nota- bly on their ability to ¿nd food, that could be a factor in whether Endangered Species Act protections are lifted. Scientists say whitebark pine, a key grizzly bear food source, has been diminish- ing due to insect infestation, possibly due to global warm- Joseph Brandt/U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Condor No. 255 wears a GPS transmitter while perched near her nest in the Hopper Mountain National Wildlife Refuge near Fillmore, Calif. Solar-powered trackers on wings re- cording California condors soaring to 15,000 feet, locators attached to humpback whales that reveal 1,000-foot dives to underwater mountains, and GPS collars on Yellowstone ecosystem grizzly bears give new insights into one of the most-studied large carnivore populations in the world. NOAA Fisheries/Instituto Aqualie/Brazil A tiny GPS transmitter on the back of a humpback whale during a tagging expedition off the coast of Brazil. ing. A recent study aimed at ¿nding out if grizzlies are ¿nding a replacement food source used more advanced GPS collars that could tell if a grizzly spending a long time in a speci¿c area was guarding a dead carcass or napping. “We were actually able to determine differences in the patterns between those types of activities,” said Frank van Manen, leader of the Inter- agency Grizzly Bear Study Team. The results, he said, sug- gest grizzlies are relying more on carcasses and less on whitebark pine in the fall when the tree produces edi- ble, high calorie seeds just as the bears are trying to pack on weight before hibernation. New information is also revealing the nuances of how wildlife interact with the environment. California LISTINGS condors soar high and land to feed on dead animals. But why do they climb to nearly 3 miles above the Earth? Tracking data shows that once the condors attain a high altitude, they take a long downhill glide, sloping in a speci¿c direction toward a dead animal they’ve already fed on or to an area they have found dead animals in the past. One condor made a 0-mile Àight, traveling 210 miles in a single day. Joseph Brandt, a wildlife biologist with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service at the Hopper Mountain National Wildlife Refuge in Califor- nia, said wing Àapping is inef¿cient for the birds that can weigh 25 pounds and have wingspans of 10 feet. Instead, they use rising cur- rents of heated air called thermals to gain altitude. Tracking the birds sug- gests that Àying conditions might be the primary factor dictating where condors live. “Maybe they’re ¿nding food where the Àying condi- tions are best,” Brandt said. He said the new track- ing information, along with meteorological data, is being used to create maps of areas with weather conditions suit- able for condors as part of Fish and Wildlife’s plan to continue recovery efforts of the federally protected bird. “We really see how the birds are using the topogra- phy,” Brandt said. “We com- pare wind conditions to see how the bird is reacting in that kind of 3-D world.” Similar analysis involves how the behavior of Steller sea lions off Alaska is linked to ocean cycles. Many species of birds around the world are also being tracked, including long-billed curlews, and sage grouse in Idaho. The ¿ndings have led to more questions. For exam- ple, after learning that hump- backs dive to underwater mountains, scientists wanted to know why, Zerbini said. Are they feeding? Are they socializing? “It’s always like that in science,” he said. “The more you know, the more ques- tions you have. Which is good. 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