HOME AND FARM MAGAZINE SECTION
4
The Orchard on the Grain Farm
If You Don't Care For It, Cut It Down if Your Wife Will
Let You. It Needs Care, However.
THE ORCHARD on the grain farm iB
usually an object worthy of pity
and compassion a poor thing. It
was planted because the farmer thought
it would not be home without an orch
ard. The trees were not earefully se
lected in the first place. Too many
of them were summer and fall apples.
The farmer took pride in it while it
was growing and looked promising; but
even before it began to bear he neglect
ed it
He allowed the borers to get in their
work, and a percentage of the trees
died. He allowed the rabbitB to bark
the trees in the winter. He allowed the
hogs to run in it and rub against tho
trees. He failed to prune. Ho did not
spray because he had not the time. He
allowed it to grow up in weeds, pos
sibly in blue grass. Then, after it had
borne for three or four years, and he
Was dissatisfied with the fruit, he be
gan to wonder why he ever planted an
orchard. He began to figure that if he
had never planted it, but had grown
corn on the land, ho would be much
further ahead now without expense. The
net result is .that the average orchard
on the farm is unproductive, does not
pay, and the farmer wiBheB he had
never planted it; that even 50 bushels
of corn per acre would have been worth
two or three times as much as all the
fruit he ever got off that orchard. The
orchard then becomes a preferred breed
ing place for orchard pests.
Cut It Down.
Whnt should be done with an orch
ard of this kind? If your wife will let
you, you had probably better cut down
the trees, grub out the stumps, and
plant corn. We suspect she won't allow
you to do it. It would not seem like
home without an orchard. In that case,
there's only one thing to do; and that
is take care of it.
If it has been growing up in weeds,
plow it up, sow it to clover, and thus
fertilize it. Scrape the rough bark off
the trees, whitewash them, prune them.
and if you can, head them out low, so
that the fruit can be gathered easily.
Learn how to spray, and then spray
every tree. We are not telling you how
to spray. If you are interested, you
will Bend to your experiment station
and get a spraying calendar. If you are
not interested, you would not do it if
we should tell you. bow.
Orchard Business Apart.
We don't advise farmers.. to go into
commercial orcharding. That's a sep
arate business by itself. No farm, how
ever, is really a farm unless it has an
orchard. What you want is fruit enough
for your family, and in good years some
to give away to the people in the neigh
borhood, and perhaps in town, who do
not have an orchard. Don't do any
half-way job. Either make the orchard
a delight, an ornament to the farm, a
joy to your wife, and a double joy to
your children, or else dig it up. Any
thing is better than a run-down, neg
lected orchard.
.It will cost you something to spray;
but if the farmers in auy neighbor
hood determine that they are going to
have orchards, as they should for the
sake of the farmers, the wives and the
children, and the farms themselves, it is
easy to arrange for some man to spray
all the orchards in the neighborhood, to
keep the trees pruned, and give direc
tions as to how to take care of them.
The orchard in tho corn belt takes the
place of the vine and fig tree in ancient
Isreal; and the man who does not have
one is not living up to his privileges
as an American farmer.
Fruit Distribution Is
Discussed
N DISCUSSING the business side of
fruit distribution at the recent
meeting in Chicago of the Second
National Conference on Marketing and
Farm Credits, Charles W. Holman of
the University of Wisconsin and secre
tary of the Conference, gave seven rea
sons why marketing associations fail:
1. A wrong type of organization.
2. The failure to pay good Balaries
and expect efficient service.
3. A half-hearted feeling among the
producers, which lod them to follow
false gods of antagonistic interests that
wero combining for the purpose of dis
tupting the local organiuztion.
4. Failure on the part of the local
associations' to federate with each other
to obtain strong selling power and to
dovelop strong purchasing power.
5. Failure to provide for proper in
poctional and auditing services.
6. Failure to guarantee the product
and protect the guarantee by the credit
ef the organization,
7. The spread of tenancy through
ftorae twenty-six states of the Union.
Get Down to Facts.
"Such causes are to be expocted in
the present development of the farmor
as a business man, for wo must re
member that the evolution of farm
business is. at- least a generation be
hind the evolution of other forms of
business. There are many fundamen
tal causes for this condition, which
have been dwelt upon by othor speak
ers and by many writors. .
"It is customary to discuss the
farmers' co-operative movement some
what in the same way that people
discuss tho single tax or the cooper
alive commonwealth, as a movement of
beautiful idealism. Very few people
have as yet gotton down to the actual
dollars and cents point of view iu dis
cussing this thing.
Organization Is Thing.
"And after all we do not care
whether it is the non profit-making
eorporntion, or the joint stock com
pany, or tho partnership agreement,
or whatever form of organinztion that
the farmer's busiuesB may take, pro
vided that in the running of that busi
ness he gets th thing that is now
necessary for the welfare of himself
and his family and his community
a living price above the cost of his
farm and selling operations."
The reasons for the failure of mar
keting associations as given by Mr.
Holman are not all that may be dis
severed, but fruit growers who have
watched the rise and fall of market
ing organizations will find among these
seven reasons, at least one which has
contributed to the downfall of their
organization. And furthermore, these
marketing associations which are now
in existence and are somewhat uncer
tain about the success they will make,
need to consider these reasons for
failure, find the leak in their ranks
and proeeea to make the changes and
adjustments that will lead on to success.
CHERRY GUMOSIS, REMEDY.
THE Corvallis experiment station rec
ommends for gumosis of the cherry
to clean off the affected parts, re
moving bark and the gum and any de
cayed material, then disinfect with a
solution of 1 part corrosive sublimate to
1000 parts of water. This will help to
heal, but the original cause is perhaps
imperfect transformation of combium
into wood; likely to occur when the trees
grow too rank and late in the fall.
Tree Wash.
To the Editor. Please give formula
for making whitewash for peach trees.
S. L. B.
Dissolve as much common washing
soda as you can in six gallons of water;
then dissolve one gallon of ordinary
soap to the above; slake some lime to a
rather thick paste and add enough of
this to make a thick whitewash. Scrape
off the loose bark, if any, also remove
the soil from the base of trunk, digging
out the borers if you see signs of them,
then apply the. wash freely from the
larger limbs to the ground, then replace
tho soil about tho tree.
Two more European capitals, Vienna
and Bucharest, have been connected by
a direct telephone line.
A new electric churn for household
use is operated by a motor of only
one-thirtieth of a horsepower.
Electro magnets opcrato a new sew
ng machine without the use of internal
shafts and gearing.
Feeding Field Peas
Proves Success
HENRY ROSENBERG, who is farm
ing a 1700-acre wheat ranch a
few miles out of Pendleton, Ore
gon, has for the last three years had
four acreB planted to Canadian field
peas.
He considers them very fine for hog
feed, because on account of the small
amount of work and trouble they place
him to compared to the amount of value
he figures they are to him.
Beginning about tho first of June he
turns his hogs in on them and from
that time on he bothers no further in
regard to them.
They clean the patch up entirely, eat
ing everything, peas, pods, vines and
as much of the root as they can root
out. .
Last year he ran from 35 to 50 pigs
on his patch and will probably put in
as many or more this year than he
did last. He says there is no danger
of volunteer peas if one wishes to dis
continue raising them at any time, for
the pigs clean them up by full so clean
that it is impossible to find a single
pea upon the ground.
Some Experiments in Salting Butter.
A report received by the Department
of Agriculture of experiments made by
the Ontario agricultural station showed
that salt added to butter in a wet con
dition was better distributed and more
in solution than were the dry salt lots,
Tho average percentage of moisture re
tained in the finished butter was prac
tically the same with both saltings.
Tests on the retention of salt in the
butter by the two methods do not agree.
Butter churned to about the size of
wheat granules contained more moisture
and less salt than did similar butters
churned to lump size. Grittiness in but
ter was found to be due to an over
abundance of salt. It was found that
a saturated salt solution contained, on
an average, 29.25 per cent salt. Quan
tities of salt ranging from 4.29 to 5.77
pounds per 100 pounds of butter were
added to Cburniugs, with a resulting
retention of salt of from 3.156 to 3.45
pounds, the loss being accounted for in
the churn water and on the worker. A
loss of moisture and salt in butter was
found in the process of printing and
packing, and after one, two and three
months in cold storage there was a
steady aecreaBe in moisture content, the
salt content remaining fairly uniform.
STAR
LINE
Barn
Fixtures
Space will not permit us to tell
you much about this line, but If
you are interested Write for free
Catalogue.
Full line of Dairy and Creamery
Supplies.
MONROE & CRISELL
Bara Fixture Dept.
126 Front St. Portland, Ore.
U.S.andForeignPatents
. Obtained,
Send Sketch and Description for Opinion
as to Patentability.
PETER HABERLIN,
200 Victor Bldg., Washington, D. 0.
WOULD YOU LIKE AN INCOME OF
$2,500 A YEAR?
If so, and you have $ 1,000 to invest in a
good, legitimate business that will stand the
strictest investigation, write to me
JOHN SPRINGS, 312 Henry Bldg.
312 Hsury Bldg., Portland, Oregon.
Astoria By The Sea
WHERE RIVER, BAIL AND OCEAN
MEET.
For Astoria, Warreuton, Flavel or
New Astoria Property, call on or write
to A. R. CYRUS, 386 Commercial St.,
Astoria, Oregon.
"Join the Band"
BIG SALE OF CLARINETS
Over 200 Kohlert ClarinotB
to be sold out regardless of
cost.
SEND FOR SPECIAL
CLARINET BULLETIN.
Tree Trial Offer.
Graves Music
Co.
151 Fourth St.
Portland Oregon
Everything for the Band.
Exclusive agents for Conn
Band Instruments. Send for
free catalogue, also second
hand lists.
It Is INDEED
A Powder a Woman may
trust, but not a Trust
Powder.
Hence its reasonable
price and increasing
popularity.
"Crescent Baking Powder"
Orescent Mfg. Co.,
Seattle. Wn.
GET IT FROM
YOUR' GROCER
25c Per lb.
Do you want to
Sell or Trade
your Farm?
Our facilities for handling farm lands
are unexcelled in this section. We are
exclusive farm dealers, and our long
and successful experience in the farm
line has fitted us for getting quick re
sults. If you desire to sell Or trade your
farm property, write us today, giving
full and accurate description of just
what you have to offer, with your best
price and terms. Also if you will trade,
state just what kind of property you
want in exchange. We will do the rest.
HARGROVE & SONS
122 North 6th St., Portland, Oregon.
Let Me Repair
THAT OLD VIOLIN
I can Certainly Tlease You.
I an an expert repairer of
all kinds of stringed instru
ments. My price is one-half the cus
tomary charge.
Gold Medal at the World's
Faif.
Write Me for Prices Today.
W. R. McCORD,
165$ Fourth St., Portland, Oregon.
EXCURSION RATES
On Household Goods, Automobiles and
Machinery
To and From All Points.
PACIFIC COAST FORWARDING CO.
207 By. Ex. Bldg, Portland, Ore.